EP0855563B1 - Snow production cannon - Google Patents

Snow production cannon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0855563B1
EP0855563B1 EP98200150A EP98200150A EP0855563B1 EP 0855563 B1 EP0855563 B1 EP 0855563B1 EP 98200150 A EP98200150 A EP 98200150A EP 98200150 A EP98200150 A EP 98200150A EP 0855563 B1 EP0855563 B1 EP 0855563B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cannon
nozzles
hole
atomisation
snow production
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98200150A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0855563A1 (en
Inventor
Michelangelo Castagneri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leitner AG
Original Assignee
Leitner AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leitner AG filed Critical Leitner AG
Publication of EP0855563A1 publication Critical patent/EP0855563A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0855563B1 publication Critical patent/EP0855563B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • A62C5/004—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use for producing carbon-dioxide snow, carbon-dioxide ice, carbon-dioxide gas, carbon-dioxide liquid, or mixtures thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0483—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with gas and liquid jets intersecting in the mixing chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0892—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point the outlet orifices for jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid being disposed on a circle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C3/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow
    • F25C3/04—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow for sledging or ski trails; Producing artificial snow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
    • F25C2303/048—Snow making by using means for spraying water
    • F25C2303/0481—Snow making by using means for spraying water with the use of compressed air

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a snow production cannon.
  • EP-A-0 250 425, EP-A-0 084 186 and EP-A-0 084 187 disclose known snow production cannons.
  • US 2676471 discloses an improved nozzle for use in the making of snow, whereby snow may be economically manufactured and distributed over a desired surface.
  • mixing of air and water occurs inside a series of nozzles and coarse vapour flows into one enlargement, which constitutes a compression chamber.
  • the main object of the present invention is therefore to provide a snow production cannon of optimum efficiency.
  • air is injected by at least one injection nozzle into the pre-mixing chamber (or into the pre-hole of the further nozzle), from which it can leave only through the respective further nozzle (this being the atomization nozzle) to atomize the liquid therein in an optimum manner.
  • a further object of the invention is to obtain artificial snow of good quality.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a cannon of simple and economical structure, ie a structure composed of a relatively small number of elements which are joined together in a manner which enables them to be easily assembled and disassembled.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a snow production cannon according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-section on the line II-II of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-section on the line III-III of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a longitudinal section through an injection nozzle.
  • Figure 5 is a longitudinal section through an atomization nozzle.
  • Figures 6-17 are cross-sections showing the exit ports of injection and/or atomization nozzles constructed in accordance with further embodiments.
  • the longitudinal direction is that parallel to the direction of fluid flow through the cannon during operation
  • the transverse direction is that perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow through the cannon during operation.
  • the cannon of the particular embodiment used to describe the invention is of the type comprising a plurality of nozzles positioned along concentric circles.
  • the cannon 1 comprises essentially the following elements, listed in the order of fluid flow through the elements: a first element 2 distributing gas to injection nozzles 3, a second element 4 distributing liquid to a pre-mixing chamber 5, a third element 6 for injecting gas and a fourth element 7 in which the fluid and gas are mixed to form aerosol, with propelling of said aerosol out of the cannon 1.
  • the first element 2 comprises an annular chamber 8 which can be hydraulically connected to a pressurized gas feed pipe (9) and is hydraulically connected to the inlet of the injection nozzles 3.
  • the first element 2 can also be connected to the pressurized liquid feed pipe 10.
  • the second element 4 is of cone shape, the vertex of which is positioned on the axis 11 of the pressurized liquid feed pipe 10, its base perimeter being tangential to the mouth of the pre-mixing chambers 5.
  • the axis 11 coincides with the axis of the cannon 1.
  • the third element 6 houses the injection nozzles 3 and comprises a conical hole (not clearly visible) loosely housing the second element 4 such that between the outer surface 12 of the second element 4 and the inner surface 13 of the conical hole there is a passageway 14 for liquid feed to the pre-mixing chambers 5.
  • the fourth element 7 comprises the pre-mixing chambers 5 and a plurality of atomization nozzles 15, for which each pre-mixing chamber represents the pre-hole.
  • the pipes 9 and 10 are connected to the first element 2 by respective threads 16 and 17.
  • the first element 2, the second 4, the third 6 and the fourth 7 are joined together by screws 18 all of which can be manoeuvred from the front of the cannon so as to facilitate assembly and disassembly.
  • Annular gaskets 19-21 provide the necessary hydraulic seal between the elements mechanically connected together.
  • each injection nozzle 3 comprises, aligned along the axis of symmetry 22 and listed in the order in which the gas flows through them, a pre-hole 23 and a sized capillary hole 24.
  • the pre-hole 23 comprises three portions 25-27.
  • the first portion 25 is in the form of a cone frustrum converging into the second portion 26.
  • the second portion 26 is cylindrical and has a diameter equal to the minor base of the first portion 25.
  • the third portion 27 is in the form of a cone frustrum converging into the sized capillary hole 24 in which the minor base has a diameter greater than the dimensions of said sized capillary hole 24.
  • each atomization nozzle 15 comprises, aligned along the axis of symmetry 28 and listed in the order in which the fluid flows through them, a pre-hole 5 and a sized capillary hole 29.
  • the pre-hole of the atomization nozzle is the pre-mixing chamber 5, in the shape of a cone frustum converging into the sized capillary hole 29.
  • the axes of symmetry 28 of each atomization nozzle 15 cut the axis 11 of the cannon 1.
  • the angle of incidence ⁇ is about 7°.
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 29 and 24 of the atomization nozzles 15 and injection nozzles 3 have ports of equal shape, however said ports could be of different shape, and/or of variously assorted forms.
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 29 and 24 of the atomization nozzles 15 and injection nozzles 3 are of circular shape.
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: at least two lobes oppositely positioned about the central projection axis of the nozzle.
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: two lobes oppositely positioned about the central projection axis of the nozzle and having right-angled ends.
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: two lobes oppositely positioned about the central projection axis of the nozzle and having rounded ends.
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: three lobes positioned 120° apart about the central projection axis of the nozzle and having right-angled ends ( Figure 9+10).
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: three lobes positioned 120° apart about the central projection axis of the nozzle and having rounded ends ( Figure 8).
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: three lobes positioned 120° apart about the central projection axis of the nozzle and having rounded ends, with the width of the lobes decreasing from the central axis towards the outside (Fig.8).
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: three lobes positioned 120° apart about the central projection axis of the nozzle and having right-angled ends in which two lobes have equal length, which is less than the remaining lobe (Fig.9+10).
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: four lobes oppositely positioned about the central projection axis of the nozzle, ie cross-shaped and having right-angled ends (Fig.11).
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: four lobes oppositely positioned about the central projection axis of the nozzle, and having rounded ends (Fig.12).
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: five lobes oppositely positioned about the central projection axis of the nozzle, and having right-angled ends.
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: five lobes oppositely positioned about the central projection axis of the nozzle, and having rounded ends (Fig.15).
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: six lobes oppositely positioned about the central projection axis of the nozzle, and having right-angled ends.
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: six lobes oppositely positioned about the central projection axis of the nozzle, and having rounded ends (Fig.16).
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: eight lobes oppositely positioned about the central projection axis of the nozzle, and having right-angled ends.
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: eight lobes oppositely positioned about the central projection axis of the nozzle, and having rounded ends (Fig.17).
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: triangular (Fig. 6+7).
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: triangular with rounded vertices (Fig.6).
  • the ports of the sized capillary holes 24, 29 of the nozzles have the following geometrical plan shape: at least two lobes oppositely positioned about the central projection axis of the nozzle, and along which pairs of circular holes are provided in symmetrical positions (Fig.14).
  • capillaries with the aforestated geometrical forms enables artificial snow crystals of different shapes to be formed.
  • the cannon 1 essentially implements a method for artificial snow production comprising a first stage of gas injection into the liquid while this is upstream of the atomization nozzle 15.
  • the injection stage is accomplished by passing the liquid through the injection nozzle 3 which opens into a pre-injection chamber 5 positioned upstream of the atomization nozzle 15.
  • the gas is air and the liquid is water.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
EP98200150A 1997-01-23 1998-01-21 Snow production cannon Expired - Lifetime EP0855563B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT97MI000124A IT1289191B1 (it) 1997-01-23 1997-01-23 Cannone per la produzione di neve
ITMI970124 1997-01-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0855563A1 EP0855563A1 (en) 1998-07-29
EP0855563B1 true EP0855563B1 (en) 2003-01-02

Family

ID=11375714

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98200150A Expired - Lifetime EP0855563B1 (en) 1997-01-23 1998-01-21 Snow production cannon

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0855563B1 (it)
AT (1) ATE230475T1 (it)
DE (1) DE69810358D1 (it)
IT (1) IT1289191B1 (it)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008017620B4 (de) * 2008-04-04 2010-04-08 Snowbox Schnee- Und Eistechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Schnee, insbesondere Schneedüse, bzw. Schnee-Erzeugungs-Vorrichtung
GB0810155D0 (en) * 2008-06-04 2008-07-09 Pursuit Dynamics Plc An improved mist generating apparatus and method
NL2007431C2 (nl) * 2011-03-28 2012-10-01 Marel Townsend Further Proc Bv Sproeikop, sproei-inrichting, productielijn en werkwijze voor het ten minste gedeeltelijk met een vloeibaar consumabel medium bedekken van voedseldelen.
CN106362886B (zh) * 2016-10-26 2019-03-26 浙江环兴机械有限公司 适于将污泥直接喷雾至干化塔的雾化器的操作方法

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE69932C (de) * E. G. VON MONTMORE in Wien V., Wienstr. 79 Zerstäubungsdüse für Luftbefeuchtungs- und Lufterneuerungsvorrichtungen
GB628083A (en) * 1947-08-25 1949-08-22 Edward George Cribb Improvements relating to devices for atomising liquids
US2676471A (en) * 1950-12-14 1954-04-27 Tey Mfg Corp Method for making and distributing snow
US2678236A (en) * 1952-04-05 1954-05-11 Kewanee Ross Corp Spray nozzle
DE1184287B (de) * 1957-04-18 1964-12-23 Davy & United Eng Co Ltd Duese zum Erzeugen eines flachen Schmieroelstrahls, insbesondere fuer die Bearbeitung von Blechbahnen
GB1104461A (en) * 1963-09-27 1968-02-28 Sames Mach Electrostat Pneumatic atomizer for spraying liquids
US3908903A (en) * 1974-02-11 1975-09-30 Jr Samuel L Burns Snow making apparatus and method
US3945567A (en) * 1975-07-17 1976-03-23 Gerry Rambach Snow making apparatus
ATE18299T1 (de) 1982-01-18 1986-03-15 Michael Manhart Schneekanone.
DE3274901D1 (en) 1982-01-18 1987-02-05 Michael Manhart Snow gun
EP0101109B1 (en) * 1982-08-09 1988-03-23 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Mix atomizer
US4655395A (en) * 1984-04-17 1987-04-07 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Adjustable conical atomizer
FR2579732B1 (fr) 1985-03-27 1987-09-25 Ene Ste Civile Dispositifs et procedes de fabrication de neige artificielle
US4730774A (en) * 1987-01-12 1988-03-15 Shippee James H Dual pressure compensating snowmaking apparatus
US5083707A (en) * 1990-03-05 1992-01-28 Dendrite Associates, Inc. Nucleator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE230475T1 (de) 2003-01-15
DE69810358D1 (de) 2003-02-06
IT1289191B1 (it) 1998-09-29
ITMI970124A1 (it) 1998-07-23
EP0855563A1 (en) 1998-07-29

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