EP0851092B1 - Outil de forage avec amortisseurs de chocs - Google Patents
Outil de forage avec amortisseurs de chocs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0851092B1 EP0851092B1 EP97403045A EP97403045A EP0851092B1 EP 0851092 B1 EP0851092 B1 EP 0851092B1 EP 97403045 A EP97403045 A EP 97403045A EP 97403045 A EP97403045 A EP 97403045A EP 0851092 B1 EP0851092 B1 EP 0851092B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drill bit
- bit according
- housing
- block
- tool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drilling tool which is provided with means for absorbing the trepidation of which it is the seat during drilling.
- These tremors which are generated in particular when the tool encounters heterogeneous or hard layers, can sometimes lead to destruction or damage to certain parts sensitive to the tool, such as the cutting structure.
- EP 0 532 869 discloses a tool for borehole which has a cavity into which a irrigation fluid supply channel, said cavity comprising a thin wall provided with a orifice through which the fluid can flow outside and an opening in which an element is crimped cylindrical flat in elastomeric material.
- the elastomer element deforms like a membrane and its outer surface is applied in contact tight with the wall of the freshly drilled formation, this which has the effect, in the case of a plastic formation, of compact it and protect it from the impact of the fluid irrigation.
- the elastomer block is not likely to dampen the trepidation of the tool.
- the present invention provides a drilling tool provided with damping means which absorb vibrations protect the cutting edges against any damage.
- the drilling tool according to the invention is defined in claim 1.
- the damping pads in elastomer have been shown to have good resistance to of wear and tear, although they work in conditions extreme stresses, such as high temperature and high shear forces. This quality, combined with their natural elasticity, allows them to dampen vibrations of the drilling tool.
- the tool 10 of FIG. 1 includes a drilling head 12 provided with a tubular end 14 externally threaded which is used to assemble the tool to a train of drive tubes, not shown.
- a plurality of ribs or blades are formed 16 separated by grooves 18.
- each blade On the outer face 20 of each blade are implanted a series of cutting edges 26, of any known type, constituted for example by natural diamond pellets, synthetic diamond, PDC or thermostable diamond.
- the cutters are either set on the blade or carried by tungsten carbide peduncles attached to the tool.
- the tool is provided with a plurality damping elements 28 intended to dampen the the tool is the seat during drilling.
- the damping elements 28 can be fixed on a any part of the tool, for example on the face outside 20 of the blades or on the tool guard.
- the elements shock absorbers 28 are fixed on the conical knobs 30, by example between the cutters 26, or between the rows of cutting edges, or around the wheels, or on the arms 32 which carry the wheels.
- Each damping element 28 is constituted by a stud elastomer which may have any suitable form, for example cylindrical, parallelepiped, cubic, pyramidal, frustoconical or spherical.
- the stud is pressed on a part of its length inside a receptor housing formed on the surface of the tool and the remaining part of its length protrudes outside the housing forming a protrusion relative to the surface of the tool.
- the studs are embedded in the inside of sheaths 34 in the form of a closed-bottomed bowl, said sheaths being themselves fixed in housings blind 36 formed on the surface of the tool. They can also be inserted directly inside the housing 36, without the use of a sheath ( Figure 4).
- the studs have a height above the surface of the tool which can be equal, less than or greater than the height of the cutters above the surface of the tool, so that their vertices can be located respectively at same level, set back or projecting from heights of the heights.
- the pad 28 is separated from the bottom of the accommodation by a bedroom 38.
- room 38 In order to allow hydrostatic pressure balancing which is exerted on the stud, and consequently, the free deformation of the stud, room 38 must communicate with the environment outside. This communication can be done either by a axial channel 42 drilled in the stud, either by a channel 44 drilled in the tool, either again through the two channels at the time. This improves the elasticity of the stud and therefore its damping power.
- FIG. 6 represents a pad 28 in which is embedded a helical spring 46. This spring improves the resistance and the elasticity and damping performance of the pad.
- the pad of Figure 7 is covered on the surface of its protruding part of an anti-abrasion layer 48 relatively hard, made for example of carbide tungsten or by a diamond concretion.
- This stud has a longer service life than previous studs.
- Layer 48 is fixed by means of an annular flange 49 which snaps into an annular groove formed at the part top of the stud, but it can also be fixed by collage.
- the pad 28 is tapered and is protected on its projecting part by an abrasion-resistant cap 50, made of tungsten carbide.
- the hat can itself be covered with a plate in dome shape 51 in PDC.
- the lower part of the stud 28 is forced into the interior of a frustoconical housing of complementary shape formed in a sheath 34.
- the stud shown in Figure 9 has at its base a protruding peripheral flange 52 which fits into a complementary circular groove formed in the wall side of the housing 36 at the bottom level.
- the stud is like this retained against any accidental withdrawal.
- the sheath 34 is retained in the housing 36 by a ring elastic slit 54 which fits into a groove device formed at the entrance to the accommodation.
- FIG. 11 Another way to hold the stud in the housing is illustrated by figure 11.
- the stud is provided at its base with a peripheral flange 52 and it is housed in a ring 56 externally threaded and provided with a counter-bore provided to receive the flange.
- the assembly is done by introducing the stud in the ring by the lower end of the latter, then by screwing the ring into the housing 36.
- the stud does not can no longer leave his home.
- the element shock absorber consists of two parts: a block in elastomer 28 of cylindrical or parallelepiped shape and a pin 58 made of hard material, for example carbide tungsten, which rests on block 28. This presents at mid-height a peripheral groove 60 which gives it a better ability to be compressed.
- the block is received at the inside of a box 62 in the shape of a bowl, of height slightly higher than that of the block.
- the pin 58 has a flat base 66 of the same surface that the elastomer block and fitted in the center of its face upper of a finger 68 of smaller section.
- the housing is made in two parts: a tubular ring 72 threaded externally and a bottom 74 which is screwed at the end bottom of the ring.
- an elastomer block 28 which rests on the bottom 74 and, partially, a ball 78 in steel, tungsten carbide or diamond material. A portion of ball of volume less than half a sphere made protruding from the ring.
- the elastomer block present on its upper surface a hemispherical seat on which the ball rests. This is held in place by a flange 80 of the ring, curved towards the inside.
- none part of the elastomer block 28 is not in contact with the rock. Tool vibrations are transmitted by the tungsten carbide part to the block which absorbs them.
- the damping element illustrated in FIG. 14 is composed of three pieces. It includes a tubular sheath 82, fixed in the housing 36, a tubular sleeve in elastomer 84 which covers the inner wall of the sheath and a central part 86 of steel or tungsten carbide which is immobilized without friction inside the muff. This extends over the entire height of the sheath and protrudes slightly above the end upper sheath. The central part 86 protrudes at the outside of the sheath and its lower end is spaced from the bottom of the sheath.
- the chamber 38 which is formed in the bottom of the housing is connected to the outside, either directly by an axial passage 42 drilled in the central part, either through a passage 44 drilled in the tool.
- the general axis of the damping element is inclined on the side of the direction of movement f of the tool.
- the advantage of this orientation is that it makes it possible to reduce the tilting of the central part 86, since the reaction force F which is exerted on it in the opposite direction to the arrow f admits a component F 1 according to the axis of the part 86 and which therefore has no tilting action on the part.
- the part 86 therefore has a movement essentially directed in the direction of the axis of the housing 36.
- the sleeve 84 which is clamped between a part fixed (sheath 82) and a moving part (the central part 86), is therefore subject to shear forces which dampen the amplitude of the vibrations of the tool.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Description
Claims (19)
- Outil de forage, comportant une tête de forage munie de taillants de coupe, et munie également d'une pluralité d'éléments amortisseurs (28 ; 68; 78 ; 84, 86) dont une partie au moins est en une matière élastomère, caractérisé en ce que lesdits éléments amortisseurs sont constitués chacun par un plot comprenant une portion qui est sertie à l'intérieur d'un logement (36) formé sur la surface de l'outil et une portion qui fait saillie à l'extérieur dudit logement, et qui est susceptible de se déformer en absorbant les vibrations de l'outil.
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la portion saillante des plots a une hauteur supérieure à celle des taillants (26).
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la portion saillante des plots a une hauteur égale à celle des taillants (26).
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la portion saillante des plots a une hauteur inférieure à celle des taillants (26).
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les plots ont une forme cylindrique, hémisphérique, pyramidale, tronconique, parallélépipédique ou conique.
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le plot est serti dans une gaine (34 ; 72) qui est elle-même fixée dans le logement (36), par exemple par vissage ou au moyen d'un clips (54).
- Outil de forage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les plots sont placés en un endroit quelconque de l'outil, tel que le nez, les lames (16) ou la garde d'un outil monobloc, ou sur les molettes coniques tournantes (30), les bras (32) ou la garde d'un outil à molettes.
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que dans la masse du plot est noyé un élément de renfort élastique, tel qu'un ressort hélicoïdal (46), destiné à être précontraint en compression.
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie du plot qui fait saillie à l'extérieur du logement (36) est recouverte d'un revêtement protecteur anti-abrasion (48, 50), par exemple en carbure de tungstène ou constituée d'un matériau incluant du diamant.
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement protecteur est lui-même recouvert d'une plaquette en forme de dôme (51) en PDC.
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le plot est renforcé par une inclusion dans la masse de l'élastomère d'une charge constituée de fines particules de diamant.
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une chambre (38) est ménagée sous le plot (28), entre la base de celui-ci et le fond du logement (36).
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le plot (28) est percé sur toute sa hauteur d'un canal (42) reliant la chambre (38) avec l'extérieur.
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que dans le fond du logement est percé un second canal (44) par lequel un fluide d'irrigation sous pression peut être injecté pour expulser les déblais qui s'accumulent dans le premier canal (42).
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément amortisseur comprend un bloc d'élastomère (28) reçu dans le fond d'un boítier (62 ; 72, 74) en forme de cuvette, dont il n'occupe qu'une partie de la hauteur et une pièce en matière dure (58 ; 78), par exemple en carbure de tungstène, ladite pièce comportant une portion interne (66) qui occupe la partie restante du boítier et une portion externe (68) de plus faible section qui fait saillie à l'extérieur du boítier, les bords (69) de celui-ci étant rabattus sur la portion interne (66) de manière à empêcher ladite pièce (58 ; 78) de sortir du boítier.
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que ladite pièce est constituée par un pion (58) comportant une embase plate (66) de même surface que le bloc d'élastomère et qui est munie au centre de sa face supérieure d'un doigt (68) de plus faible section.
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que ladite pièce est constituée par une bille (78) dont une portion de volume supérieur à une demi-sphère est reçue dans le boítier (72, 74) et dont l'autre portion fait saillie hors du logement.
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément amortisseur comprend un manchon (84) en matière élastomère étroitement ajusté dans une gaine (82) et une pièce centrale (86) immobilisée sans frottement à l'intérieur du passage intérieur du manchon, ladite pièce étant espacée du fond du logement récepteur (36) afin qu'elle puisse y coulisser et comportant une portion qui fait saillie à l'extérieur du logement et qui n'est pas recouverte par le manchon.
- Outil de forage selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de l'élément amortisseur est incliné du côté du sens de déplacement (f) de l'outil de manière que la force de réaction (F) que la formation exerce sur l'élément amortisseur admette une composante (F1) selon l'axe de celui-ci.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9615960A FR2757562B1 (fr) | 1996-12-24 | 1996-12-24 | Outil de forage avec amortisseurs de chocs |
FR9615960 | 1996-12-24 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0851092A1 EP0851092A1 (fr) | 1998-07-01 |
EP0851092B1 true EP0851092B1 (fr) | 2000-02-02 |
Family
ID=9499092
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97403045A Expired - Lifetime EP0851092B1 (fr) | 1996-12-24 | 1997-12-15 | Outil de forage avec amortisseurs de chocs |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6102142A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0851092B1 (fr) |
AR (1) | AR009844A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU718921B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2223728A1 (fr) |
CO (1) | CO4771120A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69701253T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2757562B1 (fr) |
NO (1) | NO314670B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2193644C2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2827333B1 (fr) | 2001-07-12 | 2004-01-09 | Hutchinson | Dispositif amortisseur pour une installation de forage |
CA2462987C (fr) * | 2004-04-01 | 2005-02-22 | Brent Alexander Clark | Masse-tige a amortissement de vibration |
GB0521693D0 (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2005-11-30 | Reedhycalog Uk Ltd | Representation of whirl in fixed cutter drill bits |
US7703559B2 (en) * | 2006-05-30 | 2010-04-27 | Smith International, Inc. | Rolling cutter |
US7523794B2 (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2009-04-28 | Hall David R | Wear resistant assembly |
US20080251293A1 (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2008-10-16 | Ulterra Drilling Technologies, L.L.C. | Circumvolve cutters for drill bit |
US20100108401A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 | 2010-05-06 | National Oilwell Varco, L.P. | Resilient Bit Systems and Methods |
US8381844B2 (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2013-02-26 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Earth-boring tools and components thereof and related methods |
CN102071878A (zh) * | 2009-11-24 | 2011-05-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司冀东油田分公司 | 一种聚晶金刚石复合片 |
NO335329B1 (no) * | 2013-02-20 | 2014-11-17 | Shellcon As | Borekrone med faste kutterelementer |
RU2556555C1 (ru) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-07-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Чеченский государственный университет (ФГБОУ ВПО "Чеченский государственный университет") | Резец для вращательного и ударно-вращательного бурения |
RU2634596C1 (ru) * | 2017-02-16 | 2017-11-01 | Николай Митрофанович Панин | Буровое долото |
RU2638349C1 (ru) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-12-13 | Николай Митрофанович Панин | Буровое долото |
CN110145241A (zh) * | 2018-02-10 | 2019-08-20 | 西南石油大学 | 一种适于硬地层钻进的低扭矩金刚石钻头 |
RU2726724C1 (ru) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-07-15 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Самарский государственный технический университет" | Шарошечное долото |
CN113187402A (zh) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-30 | 西南石油大学 | 一种具有自适应缓冲模块的金刚石钻头 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR532869A (fr) * | 1913-12-20 | 1922-02-14 | Saurer Adolph | Dispositif de graissage automatique des tiges-poussoir de soupapes de moteurs d'automobiles |
US3618683A (en) * | 1968-12-16 | 1971-11-09 | Ingersoll Rand Co | Button bit |
US4244432A (en) * | 1978-06-08 | 1981-01-13 | Christensen, Inc. | Earth-boring drill bits |
US4253533A (en) * | 1979-11-05 | 1981-03-03 | Smith International, Inc. | Variable wear pad for crossflow drag bit |
US4640375A (en) * | 1982-11-22 | 1987-02-03 | Nl Industries, Inc. | Drill bit and cutter therefor |
US4499795A (en) * | 1983-09-23 | 1985-02-19 | Strata Bit Corporation | Method of drill bit manufacture |
SU1668618A1 (ru) * | 1987-12-15 | 1991-08-07 | Отделение Экспериментальных Исследований Центрального Научно-Исследовательского Геологического Института | Бурова коронка |
JPH0292154U (fr) * | 1989-01-10 | 1990-07-23 | ||
US5011515B1 (en) * | 1989-08-07 | 1999-07-06 | Robert H Frushour | Composite polycrystalline diamond compact with improved impact resistance |
US5372548A (en) * | 1990-03-23 | 1994-12-13 | Wohlfeld; William I. | Longitudinal and rotary shock absorber for rotary and percussion drill bits |
US5090492A (en) * | 1991-02-12 | 1992-02-25 | Dresser Industries, Inc. | Drill bit with vibration stabilizers |
US5199511A (en) * | 1991-09-16 | 1993-04-06 | Baker-Hughes, Incorporated | Drill bit and method for reducing formation fluid invasion and for improved drilling in plastic formations |
US5377772A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1995-01-03 | Gien; Bernard L. | Drill string shock absorbers |
US5379854A (en) * | 1993-08-17 | 1995-01-10 | Dennis Tool Company | Cutting element for drill bits |
-
1996
- 1996-12-24 FR FR9615960A patent/FR2757562B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-12-15 EP EP97403045A patent/EP0851092B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-15 DE DE69701253T patent/DE69701253T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-12-22 US US08/996,196 patent/US6102142A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-12-23 AR ARP970106134A patent/AR009844A1/es unknown
- 1997-12-23 NO NO19976069A patent/NO314670B1/no unknown
- 1997-12-23 RU RU97122286/03A patent/RU2193644C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-23 CA CA002223728A patent/CA2223728A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1997-12-23 CO CO97074788A patent/CO4771120A1/es unknown
- 1997-12-24 AU AU49286/97A patent/AU718921B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO976069L (no) | 1998-06-25 |
DE69701253T2 (de) | 2000-07-13 |
AU4928697A (en) | 1998-06-25 |
AR009844A1 (es) | 2000-05-03 |
NO976069D0 (no) | 1997-12-23 |
US6102142A (en) | 2000-08-15 |
AU718921B2 (en) | 2000-04-20 |
FR2757562A1 (fr) | 1998-06-26 |
NO314670B1 (no) | 2003-04-28 |
EP0851092A1 (fr) | 1998-07-01 |
FR2757562B1 (fr) | 1999-03-19 |
CA2223728A1 (fr) | 1998-06-24 |
CO4771120A1 (es) | 1999-04-30 |
RU2193644C2 (ru) | 2002-11-27 |
DE69701253D1 (de) | 2000-03-09 |
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