EP0843325B1 - Small transformer - Google Patents

Small transformer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0843325B1
EP0843325B1 EP97119679A EP97119679A EP0843325B1 EP 0843325 B1 EP0843325 B1 EP 0843325B1 EP 97119679 A EP97119679 A EP 97119679A EP 97119679 A EP97119679 A EP 97119679A EP 0843325 B1 EP0843325 B1 EP 0843325B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transformer according
small transformer
small
coil
winding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97119679A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0843325A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Böser
Armin Weyel
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A Grothe & Sohne & Co KG GmbH
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A Grothe & Sohne & Co KG GmbH
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Publication of EP0843325A1 publication Critical patent/EP0843325A1/en
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Publication of EP0843325B1 publication Critical patent/EP0843325B1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02Casings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/40Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
    • H01F27/402Association of measuring or protective means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/40Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
    • H01F27/402Association of measuring or protective means
    • H01F2027/406Temperature sensor or protection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to small transformers, such as safety, bell or fail-safe transformers, with a coverable or covered with a cover through such a cover at least partially formed plastic housing, in which is arranged a two-legged sheet metal core, the package parts of which are form-fitting anchor with each other, with primary and arranged on one of the legs other provided secondary winding, preferably at least one of the Windings can be switched off and / or one of the windings is thermally switched changing, current limiting resistor is protected.
  • Such small transformers are designed as safety transformers or as Bell transformers are used, in which the secondary of the primary winding safely is separated and the windings are conditionally short-circuit proof, whereby after Possibility to switch off the request.
  • DE-U-295 12 753 discloses a generic small transformer which consists of is composed of many individual parts. Such, at least conditionally short-circuit proof In the past, transformers were provided with magnetic shunts; a simpler and cheaper solution is seen in the current over one of the windings to lead a resistor with a positive temperature dependency, so that when rising the current into impermissible areas by increasing the temperature of the resistor and thus the ohmic resistance of the winding current is limited. As problematic but the construction turns out.
  • the invention is therefore based on the task of building a to create such a small transformer, which consists of relatively few, there are easy to manufacture parts that are easy to assemble to let.
  • FIG. 1 shows an offset longitudinal section through a small transformer shown the right-hand side against the median plane only slightly up to the middle level of the second of four tension clamps 20 is offset while he is on the left in front of the left coil body 1 shown and in the central plane one of the Cover 21 holding spring hook 25 of the base plate 8 out is.
  • the core 1 and 2 are penetrated by core packages 3 and 4, the loosely layered and through the bobbin 1 and 2 are held together as packages.
  • Projections 5 engage in the compilation of the core packages Recesses of the core package opposite them (plug-in plates), so that solid and stable without any additional means Sheet metal cores can be obtained.
  • the one-piece molded bobbin 1 and 2 point beyond their flanges 6 downwards Support plates 7, which extend tangentially to the laminated cores and stand up with its lower edge on the base plate 8.
  • the support plates are equipped with vertical ribs 9, which after assembly overlapped by hooks 10 made in one piece with the base plate 8 become.
  • the coil formers 1, 2 thus hold the yokes of the core packages together, positively with each other through the projections 5 are connected, and the wound bobbins 1, 2 are by means of the hook 10 and connected to the base plate 8 under tension, being on the end faces of their support plates 7 and / or lean on the lower base of the core package 4.
  • the base areas the sheet metal tangent vertical ribs of low height Coil bobbins make it easier to insert those to be accommodated with an interference fit Core packages.
  • the base plate 8 has a rectangular on its underside Recess 11 for mounting on standard rails 12. Is on the left the flank of the recess is provided with cams 13, which on one side reach under the outer flange of the standard rail 12. On the opposite side a spring cam 14 is guided in the base plate 8, which over the opposite flange can be pressed and snapped into place but also for removing the small transformer from the standard rail can be withdrawn by tools.
  • the end walls 15 of the base plate 8 have openings in the center 16 for terminal lugs 17 of the primary or secondary coil, and they include a stem 18 to form articulated recesses 19 for tension clamps 20 with captive screws.
  • the transformer is closed by putting one on Cover 21 with the central areas 22 of their end faces the recesses 19 except for openings 23 for connecting wires and further openings 47 for access by a screwdriver to the Heads of the captive screws of the clamp clamps 20, while the end face 22 shown on the left in its Cutting plane an opening 24 or at least recesses has one in the provided on both sides of the base plate Spring hook 25 engages and thus in association with three others Spring hook holds the cover 21 on the base plate 8.
  • connection areas formed in the middle of the end faces of the cover 21 of the small transformer are also overlapping by it Cover caps 26 protected.
  • These cover caps have one Support collar 27 on, with the areas of the end faces 22 of the cover 21 are affected tangentially.
  • At the free end of the Support collar hook projections 28 are formed, which breakthroughs 29 of the cover 21 penetrating the top cap 26 on this hold.
  • An opening 30 is provided in the upper region of the top cap, through the with a tool a cup-like approach 31 des Support collar can be reached, by means of which the support collar 27 is detachable from the cover 21.
  • the coil formers 1, 2 and thus the transformer Support plates 7 are with recesses for receiving PTC resistors 32 equipped, and further recesses and / or through projecting ledges 33 formed bottlenecks or in such ledges
  • the proposed passages serve to receive and define theirs Supply lines.
  • the PTC resistors 32 can also have no recesses the support plate 7 may be arranged flanking. With that you can easily accommodate one or more PTC resistors if desired, and their connections are the contact lugs of the coil formers adjacent that they can be connected directly to them or to winding ends are.
  • a usable in connection with such a small transformer Switch 46 is shown in Figure 2.
  • a contact carrier 36 With a contact carrier 36 it overlaps an edge region of the upper flange 6 of the coil former 1. At least one of the contacts 37 can directly with one End of the winding picked up by the coil body. The close both contacts one behind the other in the drawing a gap between them that can be bridged by a steel ball 38 is.
  • This steel ball is in a guide shaft 39 held, which is provided on the underside of a safety edge 40 is.
  • the switching strip reaches through with its actuating plate 41 a slot of the cover 21 and is on with its surface the inner surface of the cover 21, as well as its flanks leading against the cover 21 or parts of the bobbin 1 support.
  • FIG. 3 A view of this switching strip 40 is shown in FIG. 3 shown, which also has a centering pin 42 for a steel ball 38 shows prestressing compression spring 43.
  • This compression spring 43 is expediently made of a non-oxidizing steel alloy, for example V2
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative possibility: Injection molding of the switching strip 40, the guide shaft 39 is in one piece equipped with a resilient plastic strip 44, the one Steel ball 38 is able to bias.
  • the description shows that a Dispensing with such a switch is readily possible by the relevant parts are omitted and a closed cover is used in which the top surface without a corresponding slot executed. is.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Insulating Of Coils (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Kleintransformatoren, wie Sicherheits-, Klingel- oder Fail-Safe-Transformatoren, mit einem durch eine Abdeckhaube schließbaren, überfangenen oder durch eine solche Abdeckhaube mindestens teilweise gebildeten Kunststoffgehäuse, in dem ein zweischenkliger Blechkern angeordnet ist, dessen Paketteile sich formschlüssig miteinander verankern, mit auf einem der Schenkel angeordneter Primär- und auf dem anderen vorgesehener Sekundärwicklung, wobei vorzugsweise mindestens eine der Wicklungen abschaltbar ist und/oder eine der Wicklungen durch einen sich thermisch ändernden, den Strom begrenzenden Widerstand geschützt ist. Derartige Kleintransformatoren werden als Sicherheitstransformatoren ausgebildet oder als Klingeltranformatoren eingesetzt, bei denen die Sekündär- von der Primärwicklung sicher getrennt ist und die Wicklungen bedingt kurzschlußfest ausgebildet sind, wobei nach Möglichkeit auch der Wunsch nach Abschaltbarkeit erfüllt werden soll.The invention relates to small transformers, such as safety, bell or fail-safe transformers, with a coverable or covered with a cover through such a cover at least partially formed plastic housing, in which is arranged a two-legged sheet metal core, the package parts of which are form-fitting anchor with each other, with primary and arranged on one of the legs other provided secondary winding, preferably at least one of the Windings can be switched off and / or one of the windings is thermally switched changing, current limiting resistor is protected. Such small transformers are designed as safety transformers or as Bell transformers are used, in which the secondary of the primary winding safely is separated and the windings are conditionally short-circuit proof, whereby after Possibility to switch off the request.

Die DE-U-295 12 753 offenbart einen gattungsgemäßen Kleintransformator, der aus vielen Einzelteilen zusammengesetzt ist. Derartige, mindestens bedingt kurzschlußfeste Transformatoren wurden früher mit magnetischen Nebenschlüssen versehen; eine einfachere und billigere Lösung wird darin gesehen, den Strom einer der Wicklungen über einen Widerstand mit positiver Temperaturabhängigkeit zu führen, so daß beim Ansteigen des Stromes in unzulässige Bereiche durch Steigerung der Temperatur des Widerstandes und damit dessen ohmschen Widerstandes der Wicklungsstrom begrenzt wird. Als problematisch aber erweist sich der Aufbau. Ein Vergießen erfordert einen hohen Aufwand, als schwierig erweist sich die Unterbringung sowohl des oft gewünschten Ausschalters insbesondere der Primärwicklung als auch des Strombegrenzungselementes, und als problematisch zeigt sich weiterhin die Forderung nach geringem Raumbedarf in Verbindung mit einer verläßlichen Isolierung und die Herstellung aus wenigen, verläßlichen Teilen, die sich leicht montieren lassen sollen.DE-U-295 12 753 discloses a generic small transformer which consists of is composed of many individual parts. Such, at least conditionally short-circuit proof In the past, transformers were provided with magnetic shunts; a simpler and cheaper solution is seen in the current over one of the windings to lead a resistor with a positive temperature dependency, so that when rising the current into impermissible areas by increasing the temperature of the resistor and thus the ohmic resistance of the winding current is limited. As problematic but the construction turns out. Shedding requires a lot of effort than Accommodation is both difficult the often requested switch, especially the primary winding as well as the current limiting element, and shows as problematic the demand for small space requirements continues to be connected with reliable insulation and manufacture from a few, reliable parts that should be easy to assemble.

Die Erfindung geht daher von der Aufgabe aus, einen Aufbau eines solchen Kleintransformators zu schaffen, der aus relativ wenigen, einfach zu fertigenden Teilen besteht, die sich leicht montieren lassen.The invention is therefore based on the task of building a to create such a small transformer, which consists of relatively few, there are easy to manufacture parts that are easy to assemble to let.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Kennzeichens des ersten Anspruches. Die Teile eines solchen Kleintransformators lassen sich leicht zusammenstellen, und auch die spätere Montage sowie der Anschluß gestalten sich einfach und den Installateur nur wenig beanspruchend.This task is solved by the characteristics of the license plate of the first claim. The parts of such a small transformer can be easily put together, and also the later assembly and the connection are simple and the installer only little stress.

Vorteilhafte, zweckmäßige und erfinderische Weiterbildungen des Gegenstandes der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Advantageous, expedient and inventive developments of the The subject of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

Im einzelnen sind die Merkmale der Erfindung anhand der Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit diese darstellenden Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen hierbei:

Figur 1
einen in zwei gegeneinander versetzten Vertikalebenen geführten Schnitt durch einen Kleintransformator,
Figur 2
einen bereichsweisen, die Mitte eines Ausschalters eines Kleintransformators erfassenden Querschnitt,
Figur 3
einen Längsschnitt eines Schaltelementes des Ausschalters der Figur 2, und
Figur 4
einen Querschnitt durch ein abgewandeltes Schaltelement.
The features of the invention are explained in detail on the basis of the description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with these drawings. They show:
Figure 1
a cut in two mutually offset vertical planes through a small transformer,
Figure 2
a cross-section, the middle of a switch of a small transformer,
Figure 3
a longitudinal section of a switching element of the switch of Figure 2, and
Figure 4
a cross section through a modified switching element.

In der Figur 1 ist ein versetzter Längsschnitt durch einen Kleintransformator gezeigt, der rechtsseitig gegen die Mittelebene nur geringfügig bis in die Mittelebene der zweiten von vier Zugbügelklemmen 20 versetzt ist, während er linksseitig vor dem links dargestellten Spulenkörper 1 und in der Mittelebene einer der die Abdeckhaube 21 haltenden Federhaken 25 der Grundplatte 8 geführt ist. Die Spulenkörper 1 und 2 sind von Kernpaketen 3 und 4 durchgriffen, die lose geschichtet und durch die Spulenkörper 1 und 2 als Pakete zusammengehalten sind. Einendig der Bleche vorgesehene Vorsprünge 5 greifen bei der Zusammenstellung der Kernpakete in Ausnehmungen des ihnen gegenüberstehenden Kernpaketes ein (Steckbleche), so daß ohne weitere Mittel in sich feste und stabile Blechkerne erhalten werden. Die einteilig gespritzten Spulenkörper 1 und 2 weisen jenseits ihrer Flansche 6 nach unten gerichtete Stützplatten 7 auf, welche die Blechpakete tangierend verlaufen und mit ihrer Unterkante auf der Grundplatte 8 aufstehen. Die Stützplatten sind mit Vertikalrippen 9 ausgestattet, die nach der Montage von einstückig mit der Grundplatte 8 erstellten Haken 10 übergriffen werden. Damit halten die Spulenkörper 1, 2 die Joche der Kernpakete zusammen, die miteinander formschlüssig durch die Vorsprünge 5 verbunden sind, und die gewickelten Spulenkörper 1, 2 sind mittels der Haken 10 und unter Vorspannung mit der Grundplatte 8 verbunden, wobei sie sich auf die Stirnflächen ihrer Stützplatten 7 und/oder auf die untere Grundfläche des Kernpaketes 4 stützen. Die Grundflächen der Bleche tangierende Vertikalrippen geringer Höhe der Spulenkörper erleichtern das Einschieben der mit Freßsitz aufzunehmenden Kernpakete.1 shows an offset longitudinal section through a small transformer shown the right-hand side against the median plane only slightly up to the middle level of the second of four tension clamps 20 is offset while he is on the left in front of the left coil body 1 shown and in the central plane one of the Cover 21 holding spring hook 25 of the base plate 8 out is. The core 1 and 2 are penetrated by core packages 3 and 4, the loosely layered and through the bobbin 1 and 2 are held together as packages. Provided at one end of the sheets Projections 5 engage in the compilation of the core packages Recesses of the core package opposite them (plug-in plates), so that solid and stable without any additional means Sheet metal cores can be obtained. The one-piece molded bobbin 1 and 2 point beyond their flanges 6 downwards Support plates 7, which extend tangentially to the laminated cores and stand up with its lower edge on the base plate 8. The support plates are equipped with vertical ribs 9, which after assembly overlapped by hooks 10 made in one piece with the base plate 8 become. The coil formers 1, 2 thus hold the yokes of the core packages together, positively with each other through the projections 5 are connected, and the wound bobbins 1, 2 are by means of the hook 10 and connected to the base plate 8 under tension, being on the end faces of their support plates 7 and / or lean on the lower base of the core package 4. The base areas the sheet metal tangent vertical ribs of low height Coil bobbins make it easier to insert those to be accommodated with an interference fit Core packages.

Die Grundplatte 8 weist auf ihrer Unterseite eine rechteckige Ausnehmung 11 zur Montage auf Normschienen 12 auf. Linksseitig ist die Flanke der Ausnehmung mit Nocken 13 versehen, welche einseitig den Außenflansch der Normschiene 12 untergreifen. Auf der Gegenseite ist in der Grundplatte 8 ein Federnocken 14 geführt, der über den gegenüberliegenden Flansch gedrückt werden kann und einrastet, der aber zur Entnahme des Kleintransformators von der Normschiene auch durch Werkzeuge rückgezogen werden kann.The base plate 8 has a rectangular on its underside Recess 11 for mounting on standard rails 12. Is on the left the flank of the recess is provided with cams 13, which on one side reach under the outer flange of the standard rail 12. On the opposite side a spring cam 14 is guided in the base plate 8, which over the opposite flange can be pressed and snapped into place but also for removing the small transformer from the standard rail can be withdrawn by tools.

Die Stirnwände 15 der Grundplatte 8 weisen mittig Durchbrechungen 16 für Anschlußfahnen 17 der Primär- bzw. der Sekundärspule auf, und sie enthalten einen Vorbau 18 zur Bildung gegliederter Ausnehmungen 19 für Zugbügelklemmen 20 mit unverlierbaren Schrauben. Geschlossen wird der Transformator durch das Aufstülpen einer Abdeckhaube 21, die mit den Mittelbereichen 22 ihrer Stirnflächen die Ausnehmungen 19 bis auf Öffnungen 23 für Anschlußdrähte sowie weitere Öffnungen 47 für den Zugriff eines Schraubendrehers zu den Köpfen der unverlierbaren Schrauben der Zugbügelklemmen 20 übergreift, während die links dargestellte Stirnfläche 22 in ihrer Schnittebene eine Durchbrechung 24 oder wenigstens Ausnehmungen aufweist, in die einer der beidseitig der Grundplatte vorgesehenen Federhaken 25 eingreift und damit im Verein mit drei weiteren Federhaken die Abdeckhaube 21 auf der Grundplatte 8 festhält.The end walls 15 of the base plate 8 have openings in the center 16 for terminal lugs 17 of the primary or secondary coil, and they include a stem 18 to form articulated recesses 19 for tension clamps 20 with captive screws. The transformer is closed by putting one on Cover 21 with the central areas 22 of their end faces the recesses 19 except for openings 23 for connecting wires and further openings 47 for access by a screwdriver to the Heads of the captive screws of the clamp clamps 20, while the end face 22 shown on the left in its Cutting plane an opening 24 or at least recesses has one in the provided on both sides of the base plate Spring hook 25 engages and thus in association with three others Spring hook holds the cover 21 on the base plate 8.

Die mittig der Stirnflächen der Abdeckhaube 21 gebildeten Anschlußgebiete des Kleintransformators werden zusätzlich durch sie übergreifende Deckkappen 26 geschützt. Diese Deckkappen weisen einen Auflagekragen 27 auf, mit dem Bereiche der Stirnflächen 22 der Abdeckhaube 21 tangierend übergriffen werden. Am freien Ende des Auflagekragens sind Hakenansätze 28 ausgebildet, welche Durchbrüche 29 der Abdeckhaube 21 durchgreifend die Deckkappe 26 auf dieser halten. Im oberen Bereich der Deckkappe ist eine Öffnung 30 vorgesehen, durch die mit einem Werkzeug ein napfartiger Ansatz 31 des Auflagekragens erreichbar ist, mittels dessen der Auflagekragen 27 von der Abdeckhaube 21 lösbar ist.The connection areas formed in the middle of the end faces of the cover 21 of the small transformer are also overlapping by it Cover caps 26 protected. These cover caps have one Support collar 27 on, with the areas of the end faces 22 of the cover 21 are affected tangentially. At the free end of the Support collar hook projections 28 are formed, which breakthroughs 29 of the cover 21 penetrating the top cap 26 on this hold. An opening 30 is provided in the upper region of the top cap, through the with a tool a cup-like approach 31 des Support collar can be reached, by means of which the support collar 27 is detachable from the cover 21.

Die die Spulenkörper 1, 2 und damit den Transformator tragenden Stützplatten 7 sind mit Ausnehmungen zur Aufnahme von PTC-Widerständen 32 ausgestattet, und weitere Ausnehmungen und/oder durch vorspringende Leisten 33 gebildete Engpässe oder in solchen Leisten vorgesehene Durchlässe dienen der Aufnahme und Festlegung ihrer Zuleitungen. Die PTC-Widerstände 32 können auch ohne Ausnehmungen die Stützplatte 7 flankierend angeordnet sein. Damit lassen sich nach Wunsch ein oder mehrere PTC-Widerstände leicht unterbringen, und ihre Anschlüsse sind den Kontaktfahnen der Spulenkörper derart benachbart, daß sie direkt mit ihnen oder mit Wicklungsenden verbindbar sind.The coil formers 1, 2 and thus the transformer Support plates 7 are with recesses for receiving PTC resistors 32 equipped, and further recesses and / or through projecting ledges 33 formed bottlenecks or in such ledges The proposed passages serve to receive and define theirs Supply lines. The PTC resistors 32 can also have no recesses the support plate 7 may be arranged flanking. With that you can easily accommodate one or more PTC resistors if desired, and their connections are the contact lugs of the coil formers adjacent that they can be connected directly to them or to winding ends are.

Bei Kleintrafos dieser Aufgaben ist man bemüht, aus Sicherheitsgründen die Sekundärwicklung von der Primärwicklung möglichst hochspannungsfest zu isolieren. Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 1 sind zwischen die Primär- und die Sekundärwicklung aus Isoliermaterial bestehende Trennscheiben 34 eingeschoben, die mit Randleisten 35 die Randbereiche der Flansche der Spulenkörper 1, 2 umgreifen und teilweise in diese eingreifen. Es können durchgehende Trennscheiben 34 verwendet werden; es ist aber auch möglich, nur etwa hälftig eindringende Trennscheiben vorzusehen, deren freien Enden sich keilförmig verjüngen und einander überlappend übergreifen. Besonders bewährt haben sich einteilig erstellte Trennscheiben 34 mit sie allseitig umziehenden, beidseitig auskragenden Randstreifen 35. Sie gestatten eine Montage, bei der die bewickelten Spulenkörper 1 und 2 beidseitig auf die Trennscheibe 34 aufgesteckt werden und dann durch das Einrasten der Vorsprünge 5 der eingeschobenen Kernpakete 3 und 4 miteinander verbunden werden, worauf der eigentliche, derart zusammengestellte Transformator mit Wicklungen und Blechkern als verbundenes Ganzes durch Einrasten der Haken 10 auf der Grundplatte 8 gehalten wird.With small transformers of these tasks one tries, for safety reasons the secondary winding from the primary winding if possible insulate against high voltages. In the embodiment of the figure 1 are between the primary and secondary winding of insulating material existing cut-off wheels 34 inserted with edge strips 35 encompass the edge regions of the flanges of the coil formers 1, 2 and partially intervene in them. There can be continuous cutting discs 34 are used; but it is also possible, just about to provide half penetrating cutting discs, the free ends taper in a wedge shape and overlap each other. Cutting disks 34 made in one piece have proven particularly useful with all-round border strips projecting on both sides 35. They allow assembly in which the wound bobbin 1 and 2 are plugged onto the cutting disc 34 on both sides and then by engaging the projections 5 of the inserted core packages 3 and 4 are connected to each other, whereupon the actual transformer assembled in this way with windings and sheet metal core as a connected whole by snapping the hooks 10 onto the base plate 8 is held.

Ein in Verbindung mit einem solchen Kleintransformator verwendbarer Ausschalter 46 ist in Figur 2 gezeigt. Mit einem Kontaktträger 36 übergreift er einen Randbereich des oberen Flansches 6 des Spulenkörpers 1. Zumindest einer der Kontakte 37 kann direkt mit einem Ende der vom Spulenkörper aufgenommen Wicklung verbunden sein. Die beiden in der Zeichnung hintereinanderliegenden Kontakte schließen zwischen sich einen Spalt ein, der von einer Stahlkugel 38 überbrückbar ist. Diese Stahlkugel ist in einem Führungsschacht 39 gehalten, der an der Unterseite einer Schaltleiste 40 vorgesehen ist. Die Schaltleiste durchgreift mit ihrer Betätigungsplatte 41 einen Schlitz der Abdeckhaube 21 und ist mit ihrer Oberfläche an der Innenfläche der Abdeckhaube 21 geführt, wie auch ihre Flanken sich gegen die Abdeckhaube 21 bzw. Teile des Spulenkörpers 1 führend abstützen. Eine Ansicht dieser Schaltleiste 40 ist in Figur 3 dargestellt, die auch einen Zentrierzapfen 42 für eine die Stahlkugel 38 vorspannende Druckfeder 43 zeigt. Diese Druckfeder 43 ist zweckmäßig aus einer nicht oxidierenden Stahllegierung, bspw. V2A-Stahl, gewickelt.A usable in connection with such a small transformer Switch 46 is shown in Figure 2. With a contact carrier 36 it overlaps an edge region of the upper flange 6 of the coil former 1. At least one of the contacts 37 can directly with one End of the winding picked up by the coil body. The close both contacts one behind the other in the drawing a gap between them that can be bridged by a steel ball 38 is. This steel ball is in a guide shaft 39 held, which is provided on the underside of a safety edge 40 is. The switching strip reaches through with its actuating plate 41 a slot of the cover 21 and is on with its surface the inner surface of the cover 21, as well as its flanks leading against the cover 21 or parts of the bobbin 1 support. A view of this switching strip 40 is shown in FIG. 3 shown, which also has a centering pin 42 for a steel ball 38 shows prestressing compression spring 43. This compression spring 43 is expediently made of a non-oxidizing steel alloy, for example V2A steel, wrapped.

Mit Figur 4 ist eine alternative Möglichkeit aufgezeigt: Beim Spritzen der Schaltleiste 40 ist deren Führungsschacht 39 einteilig mit einem federnden Kunststoffstreifen 44 ausgestattet, der eine Stahlkugel 38 vorzuspannen vermag. Die Beschreibung zeigt, daß ein Verzicht auf einen solchen Schalter ohne weiteres möglich ist, indem die betreffenden Teile entfallen und eine geschlossene Abdeckhaube verwendet wird, bei der die Deckfläche ohne entsprechenden Schlitz ausgeführt. ist.FIG. 4 shows an alternative possibility: Injection molding of the switching strip 40, the guide shaft 39 is in one piece equipped with a resilient plastic strip 44, the one Steel ball 38 is able to bias. The description shows that a Dispensing with such a switch is readily possible by the relevant parts are omitted and a closed cover is used in which the top surface without a corresponding slot executed. is.

Es hat sich besonders bewährt, entgegen der Darstellung der Fig. 2 den Ausschalter 46 über dem in Fig. 1 oben - links gezeigten Flanschbereich des Spulenkörpers 1 anzuordnen, wobei die Winkelrippen 45 des Spulenkörpers zum Anklammern nutzbar sind und die linke obere Abwärtsstufe der Abdeckhaube 21 unter Bildung eines quer zur Zeichenebene der Fig. 1 verlaufenden Schlitzes für die Betätigungsplatte 41 der Schaltleiste 40 entsprechend dem Raumbedarf des Ausschalters 46 nach links verschoben wird. Hierbei ergeben sich ausgezeichnete Anschlußbedingungen für die Primärwicklung: Bspw. wird der Wicklungsanfang der hälftig unterteilten Primärwicklung des Spulenkörpers 1 an eine der außen liegenden der Anschlußfahnen 17 des Spulenkörpers 1 gelegt, die dem PTC-Widerstand 32 gegenüber liegt. Das Ende dieser Halbwicklung wird mit einem die Kontakte 37 des Ausschalters 46 verbunden, der zweite dieser Kontakte 37 nimmt den Anfang der zweiten Wicklungshälfte auf, deren Ende mit dem freien Anschlußdraht des PTC-Widerstandes 32 verbunden ist, während das andere Anschlußende des PTC-Widerstandes 32 mit der der oben erwähnten Anschlußfahne 17 gegenüberliegenden verbunden ist. Damit ergibt sich auch der Vorteil, die Anschlüsse der Primärwicklung, des Ausschalters 46 und/oder des PTC-Widerstandes 32 bereits auf der genutzten Wickelmaschine herstellen zu können. Im Bedarsfalle kann zwischen den beiden Wicklungshälften eine Isolierfolie vorgesehen werden.It has proven particularly useful, contrary to the illustration in FIG. 2 the switch 46 above that shown in Fig. 1 top - left To arrange flange area of the coil body 1, wherein the angular ribs 45 of the bobbin can be used for clipping and the left upper down step of the cover 21 to form a cross to Drawing plane of Fig. 1 extending slot for the actuator plate 41 of the safety edge 40 according to the space requirement of Switch 46 is moved to the left. Here arise excellent connection conditions for the primary winding: e.g. becomes the beginning of the winding of the halved primary winding of the bobbin 1 to one of the outside of the connecting lugs 17 of the bobbin 1 placed opposite the PTC resistor 32 lies. The end of this half winding is with one of the contacts 37 of the switch 46 connected, the second of these contacts 37 takes the beginning of the second half of the winding, the end of which with free connecting wire of the PTC resistor 32 is connected while the other terminal end of the PTC resistor 32 with that of the above mentioned terminal lug 17 is connected opposite. In order to there is also the advantage of the connections of the primary winding, the switch 46 and / or the PTC resistor 32 already on to be able to manufacture the winding machine used. In case of need an insulating film can be provided between the two winding halves become.

Es sind weitere Varianten möglich; in jedem der Fälle jedoch wird ein ausgezeichneter Zusammenhalt der Teile des Transformators erreicht, wobei während der Montage die Teile einfach nur zusammenzudrücken sind, so daß die Blechpakete ohne jede weitere Verbindung der Bleche von den Spulenkörpern umgriffen sich verriegeln und vermittels einrastender Haken 10 sowohl die eigentliche Teile des Transformators auf der Grundplatte 8 verriegelt werden wie auch mittels der Federhaken 25 die Abdeckhaube 21. Nach Herstellung der Anschlüsse werden auch die die Anschlußbereiche übergreifenden Deckkappen 26 lösbar verrastet. Other variants are possible; in any of the cases, however excellent cohesion of the parts of the transformer reached, while simply pressing the parts together during assembly are so that the laminated cores without any further connection the sheets of the bobbins are locked and locked by means of latching hook 10 both the actual parts of the Transformers can be locked on the base plate 8 as well by means of the spring hook 25, the cover 21 Connections also become those that span the connection areas Cover caps 26 releasably locked.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

1,21.2
SpulenkörperBobbin
3,43.4
KernpaketeCore packages
55
VorsprüngeLedges
66
Flanschflange
77
StützplattenSupport plates
88th
GrundplatteBase plate
99
VertikalrippenVertical ribs
1010th
Hakenhook
1111
rechteckige Ausnehmungrectangular recess
1212th
NormschieneStandard rail
1313
Nockencam
1414
FedernockenFeather cams
1515
StirnwandFront wall
1616
DurchbrechungBreakthrough
1717th
AnschlußfahneConnection lug
1818th
VorbauStem
1919th
AusnehmungenRecesses
2020th
ZugbügelklemmenDrawbar clamps
2121
AbdeckhaubeCover
2222
Mittelbereich StirnflächeMiddle area end face
2323
Öffnungopening
2424th
DurchbrechungBreakthrough
2525th
FederhakenSpring hook
2626
DrehkappeRotating cap
2727
AuflagekragenSupport collar
2828
HakenansätzeHooks
2929
DurchbrücheBreakthroughs
3030th
Öffnung opening
3131
napfartiger AnsatzCup-like approach
3232
PTC-WiderstandPTC resistor
3333
vorspringende Leistenprojecting ledges
3434
TrennscheibenCutting discs
3535
RandleistenSidebars
3636
KontaktträgerContact carrier
3737
Kontaktecontacts
3838
StahlkugelSteel ball
3939
FührungsschachtGuide shaft
4040
SchaltleisteSafety edge
4141
BetätigungsplatteFlush plate
4242
ZentrierzapfenCentering pin
4343
SchraubenlinienfederCoil spring
4444
Federnder KunststoffstreifenResilient plastic strip
4545
WinkelrippenAngled ribs
4646
AusschalterSwitch
4747
Öffnungopening

Claims (17)

  1. Small transformer with a synthetic material housing, which is closably covered by a cover hood (21) or at least partly formed by such a cover hood (21) and in which a two-limbed laminated core (3, 4) is arranged, the lamination stack parts (3, 4) of which are mechanically positively locked together, with winding bodies (1, 2) which are engaged through by the lamination stack parts (3, 4), and with a primary winding arranged on one of the limbs and a secondary winding provided on the other limb, wherein optionally at least one of the windings can be switched off and/or one of the windings is protected by a thermally variable resistance (32) limiting the current, characterised by support plates (7), which are connected with the winding bodies (1, 2), flank the lamination plates of the laminated core (3, 4) out beyond the flanges (6) of the winding bodies and extend up to a base plate (8) of the synthetic material housing or to the cover hood (21), by a PTC resistor 32, which is held by strips (33) of a lower support plate (7) and which flanks this, by hooks (10), which engage over vertical ribs (9) of the lower support plate (7), of the base plate (8) of the transformer, and by further spring hooks (25), which are fixed in passage openings (24) of the cover hood (21), of the base plate (8).
  2. Small transformer according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one of the support plates (7) has recesses for reception of a PTC resistor (32) and its terminals.
  3. Small transformer according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the protruding strips (33) have bores for reception of the connecting wires of the PTC resistor (32) or for the reception thereof are arranged in pairs at a small spacing.
  4. Small transformer according to claim 1 to 3, characterised in that an off-switch (46), which is constructed as a slide switch and the actuating plate (41) of which engages through a slot of the cover hood (21), is provided above the upper flange (6) of one of the coil bodies (1, 2).
  5. Small transformer according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised by a contact carrier (36), which is equipped with two contacts (37), is placed on a region of the flange (6) of a coil body (1) remote from the core lamination stack (3, 4) and by way of which a switch strip (40) is guided to be displaceable, below the actuating plate (41) of which strip a guide shaft (39) is directed towards the contact carrier (36), a spring-loaded metal ball (37) being guided in the shaft.
  6. Small transformer according to claim 5, characterised in that the guide shaft (39) has a helical spring (43) preferably centred by spigot (42).
  7. Small transformer according to claim 6, characterised in that the helical spring (43) is wound from a wire of a stainless steel alloy.
  8. Small transformer according to claim 5, characterised in that the guide shaft (39) of the switch strip (40) comprises a synthetic material strip (44), which is injection-moulded on, for pressing the metal body (metal ball 38) against the contacts (37).
  9. Small transformer according to claim 5 to 8, characterised in that the contact carrier (36) is arranged on the region, which is remote from the outside, of the upper flange (6) of the coil carrier (1) having the primary coil, that it extends transversely to the lamination plates of the core lamination stack (3, 4) and that it engages behind angled ribs (45) of the coil body (1).
  10. Small transformer according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the end wall (15) of the base plate (8) has at both sides recesses (19) for reception of tension clip clamps (20) and that they are furnished with passage openings (16) for reception of terminal lugs (17), which are guided in the tension clip clamps (20), of the coil bodies (1, 2).
  11. Small transformer according to claim 10, characterised in that end faces (22) of the cover hood (21) engage over the recesses (19), wherein openings (23) for connecting wires of the tension clip damps (20) as well as openings (47) for screwdrivers are provided.
  12. Small transformer according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterised by cover caps (26), which engage over the electrical terminals thereof and lie by an upper inner support collar (27) above the tension clip clamps (20) against the middle region of the end walls (22) of the cover hood (21) and the support collars (27) of which have hook protrusions (28) engaging in passage openings (29) of the end faces (22) of the cover hood (21) as well as a respective cuplike protrusion (31) above the same with upwardly open troughs, which are engaged over by an opening (30) of the cover caps (26).
  13. Small transformer according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the base plate (8) is executed with a rectangular recess (11) for reception of standard rails (12), the flanks of which at one side are equipped with dogs and the opposite flanks of which are provided with spring dogs (14).
  14. Small transformer according to claim 1 to 13, characterised In that the primary winding of the coil body (1) consists of two part windings arranged one above the other and that the end of the lower part winding as well as the start of the upper one are each connected with a respective one of the contacts (37) of the off-switch (36).
  15. Small transformer according to one of the claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the start or the end of the primary winding of the coil body (1) is connected with one of the connecting wires of the PTC resistor (32), the second connecting wire of which is fixed to one of the terminal lugs (17) of the coil body (1) of the primary winding.
  16. Small transformer according to claim 14 or 15, characterised in that an insulating foil is inserted between the two part windings of the primary winding.
  17. Small transformer according to claims 1 to 16, characterised in that inner side surfaces, which flank the base surfaces of the lamination plates of the core lamination stack (3, 4), of the coil bodies (1, 2) have vertical ribs of small height.
EP97119679A 1996-11-16 1997-11-11 Small transformer Expired - Lifetime EP0843325B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29619953U 1996-11-16
DE29619953U DE29619953U1 (en) 1996-11-16 1996-11-16 Small transformer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0843325A1 EP0843325A1 (en) 1998-05-20
EP0843325B1 true EP0843325B1 (en) 2000-05-17

Family

ID=8032038

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97119679A Expired - Lifetime EP0843325B1 (en) 1996-11-16 1997-11-11 Small transformer

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0843325B1 (en)
DE (2) DE29619953U1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106601454A (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-04-26 山东电力设备有限公司 Support structure of three-phase autotransformer switch

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19706448C2 (en) * 1997-02-19 2002-01-17 Schupa Gmbh Bell transformer with or without switch
DE19915355A1 (en) * 1999-04-06 2000-10-26 Vossloh Schwabe Gmbh Electrical connection or connection terminal
US20020196120A1 (en) * 2001-06-20 2002-12-26 Hopkinson Philip J. Non-energy limiting class 2 transformer with positive temperature protection
CN109273200A (en) * 2018-12-06 2019-01-25 贵州大学 A kind of coal mining transformer with dedusting isolation features
CN114005638B (en) * 2021-09-15 2023-11-03 江苏志博电气有限公司 Oil immersed transformer with anti-theft and alarm functions

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3240986A1 (en) * 1982-11-05 1984-05-10 Gebrüder Frei GmbH & Co KG, 7470 Albstadt Transformer
DE29512753U1 (en) * 1995-08-08 1995-10-19 A. Grothe & Söhne GmbH & Co. KG, 50969 Köln Safety transformer

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106601454A (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-04-26 山东电力设备有限公司 Support structure of three-phase autotransformer switch
CN106601454B (en) * 2016-11-30 2018-11-23 山东电力设备有限公司 A kind of self coupling three-phase transformer switch support structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59701703D1 (en) 2000-06-21
EP0843325A1 (en) 1998-05-20
DE29619953U1 (en) 1997-01-23

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