EP0843057B1 - Security hook - Google Patents

Security hook Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0843057B1
EP0843057B1 EP97402230A EP97402230A EP0843057B1 EP 0843057 B1 EP0843057 B1 EP 0843057B1 EP 97402230 A EP97402230 A EP 97402230A EP 97402230 A EP97402230 A EP 97402230A EP 0843057 B1 EP0843057 B1 EP 0843057B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hook
cradle
safety
structural element
forming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97402230A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0843057A1 (en
Inventor
Michel Goubaud
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Dimos SAS
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Dimos SAS
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0843057A1 publication Critical patent/EP0843057A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0843057B1 publication Critical patent/EP0843057B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
    • E06C1/34—Ladders attached to structures, such as windows, cornices, poles, or the like
    • E06C1/345—Ladders attached to structures, such as windows, cornices, poles, or the like specially adapted to be installed parallel to the roof surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/12—Devices or arrangements allowing walking on the roof or in the gutter
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/32—Safety or protective measures for persons during the construction of buildings
    • E04G21/3261—Safety-nets; Safety mattresses; Arrangements on buildings for connecting safety-lines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/32—Safety or protective measures for persons during the construction of buildings
    • E04G21/3261—Safety-nets; Safety mattresses; Arrangements on buildings for connecting safety-lines
    • E04G21/3276—Arrangements on buildings for connecting safety-lines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G3/00—Scaffolds essentially supported by building constructions, e.g. adjustable in height
    • E04G3/24—Scaffolds essentially supported by building constructions, e.g. adjustable in height specially adapted for particular parts of buildings or for buildings of particular shape, e.g. chimney stacks or pylons
    • E04G3/26—Scaffolds essentially supported by building constructions, e.g. adjustable in height specially adapted for particular parts of buildings or for buildings of particular shape, e.g. chimney stacks or pylons specially adapted for working on roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/04—Means for fastening, supporting, or bracing scaffolds on or against building constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/04—Means for fastening, supporting, or bracing scaffolds on or against building constructions
    • E04G5/041—Means for fastening, supporting, or bracing scaffolds on or against building constructions for fastening scaffolds on roof frameworks or on roofs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a safety hook intended to be attached to a structural element, in particular a rafter, a construction to anchor or hang on it one or several safety devices such as scaffolding, carrycot, ladder, platform, safety harness or other.
  • the invention relates more particularly to hooks said service intended to be placed on a roof inclined to allow the installation of safety devices allowing a roofer to work in completely safe.
  • Safety hooks also called safety hooks service
  • a safety hook is described in particular in the Patent FR-A-2,544,367.
  • This safety hook stands out by its complexity due to the fact that it consists of two independent elements, namely a first element fixed to the chevron and an actual hook, both the element attached to the rafter and the hook being of realization complex.
  • the element attached to the rafter consists of two plates which laterally tighten the rafter while being held on the latter by bolts.
  • the hook includes a yoke to be mounted at interlocking locked on said element fixed to the rafter. Due to the assembly time and the complexity of such security system, roof workers give up using it.
  • the aim of the present invention is therefore to propose a safety hook of simple design, relatively light, of thin structure and easy installation, suitable for withstand a significant dynamic or static load without deform or detach from the building element.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a hook for safety including the design of the attachment to an element of construction allows positioning on said hook of safety devices other than safety devices conventionally used, in particular scaffolding, thus making the hook of versatile security.
  • the invention relates to a hook for security according to claim 1.
  • the cradle forming hook is an attached piece by at least a portion of his song, preferably by welding, to the body of the hook 1.
  • the hook body is bent at least once at its end carrying the cradle to provide a surface inclined necessarily extending above said element of construction and marrying at least part of the back of the cradle so as to strengthen the cradle.
  • the safety hook 1, is a hook more particularly intended for roofs in slope.
  • This hook 1 is fixed to a frame element 4, in particular a chevron, of a construction.
  • This hook is intended for hanging ladders, for fixing platforms, to anchor safety harnesses, to hanging scaffolding, etc.
  • This hook 1 is made up, as shown in FIG. 1, an elongated body 2 intended to be applied by friction on the upper face of said frame member 4.
  • This body 2 is generally originally formed by a metal plate with a generally rectangular appearance, this plate possibly being shaped by folding as will be described below.
  • This body 2 is secured to the structural element 4 by at least one member of fixation.
  • the body 2 has one or more through holes 15 at near one of its ends, called the end free, for the passage of fasteners such as nails 12.
  • This body 2 of the hook 1 may also include at least one fixing lug 11 forming an assembly integral with said body 2, this fixing lug 11 being intended to be applied by friction on the face side of the structural element 4 by means of at least one clamping member 12 'passing through, by said tab fixing 11, said frame member 4.
  • This body clamping 12 ' is for example a threaded rod. This rod threaded engages along an axis, shown in phantom in Figure 1, in a bore in the element of frame 4. The maintenance of this clamping member 12 'is obtained by means of a suitable fixing member such as a simple nut.
  • This fixing lug 11 which forms a one-piece assembly with the body 2 may consist of a simple plate provided with a through hole for the passage of the clamping member 12 ', this plate being welded to an edge portion longitudinal of the latter as shown in Figure 1.
  • This fixing lug 11 can also be formed of a single piece with the body 2.
  • this bracket 11 can be made by torsional bending of the end body 2 as shown in Figure 4.
  • the portion of the body 2 extending between the torsion zone and the end free from body 2 has at least one through hole and used to fix the tab 11 to the frame element 4.
  • the clamping element used is identical to the member 12 'described above.
  • This safety hook 1 also comprises a cradle 3 constituting the hook itself.
  • This cradle 3 is disposed at, or in the vicinity of, one end of said body 2 and is secured to the latter.
  • This cradle 3 is arranged on the body 2 in such a way that it is open toward the free end of said body.
  • This cradle 3 is more particularly intended for the reception of a safety to hang, in particular a ladder of roofer.
  • This cradle 3 can affect a large number of forms.
  • this cradle 3 forming hook is an attached piece secured by at least a portion of its edge, preferably by welding, body 2 of said hook. This particular assembly of the cradle on the body gives the entire safety hook increased resistance to deformation.
  • This cradle 3 forming a hook has the shape of a C or of a lying U. It is made from a piece of metallic preference of generally square section or rectangular, such as a flat iron, so as to present a relatively large soul.
  • This flat iron once conformed, for example by stamping or cutting, is welded by a portion of its edge on the body 2, in this case on the top face of this body 2.
  • the positioning on the edge of the cradle 3 allows have a large soul in which openings can be easily made.
  • This montage furthermore provides resistance to increased deformation of the entire cradle in particular when traction is exerted on the latter.
  • This cradle 3 has at its base 5, in the connection zone 3-body cradle 2 or substantially above this last, at least one through opening 6, 14 of axis orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the body 2.
  • This opening 6 or 14 constitutes an anchor point for a safety such as a harness or a lifeline.
  • the opening 6 is more particularly intended for anchoring a harness while the opening 14 is intended for receiving a lifeline.
  • This or these openings are made in selected locations so that the fixing member 12 or 12 'of the body 2 to the construction element 4 works in shear and no to tearing off when the safety device anchored exerts a tensile force on said hook.
  • the safety device is a harness
  • a dynamic tensile force can be exerted on the hook 1 when a roofing operator falls.
  • the through opening of the cradle 3 used for anchoring of a safety device can be realized from different ways. So this through opening of the cradle 3 can be formed by perforating the core of the cradle. This is the case of opening 14. This opening through the cradle can still be provided by means a notch in a location around the perimeter outside of the cradle which, in the fixed position of said cradle 3 on the body 2, cooperates with the body 2 to spare said opening. This is the case of opening 6 which affects, in Figure 1, an arc form forming a bridge. Well obviously, other embodiments of these openings through can be considered.
  • the body 2 of the hook is bent at least once at its end carrying the cradle 3 to spare an inclined surface 7 extending obliquely above of said construction element 4 and matching at least one part of the back 8 of the cradle 3 so as to reinforce this latest.
  • This conformation of the body 2 only reinforce the effects obtained by the positioning of through openings 6 and 14.
  • this hook comprises, beyond the cradle 3 and extending along a parallel axis and separated from the longitudinal axis of said body 2, a extension 9, this extension 9 comprising an opening through 10 to receive a hooking member of a additional safety device, especially a scaffolding structure.
  • a scaffolding structure are more particularly described in patent FR-A-2,245,213.
  • extension 9 can arise directly at from the back 8 of the cradle 3.
  • the extension 9 of said hook is formed by counter-bending the body 2 of hook.
  • such safety hooks 1 are arranged in the lower part and in the upper part of a roof. These hooks are aligned along the same level line to possibly be able to pass a stringer inside the cradle. On this rail, we can slide the ring of a rope connected to a safety harness. AT the interior of this or these cradles can also be arranged the uprights of a ladder.
  • Such hooks safety are intended to be permanently attached to the building element. These safety hooks will therefore fixed as the construction progresses and will therefore at least partially cover the roof, particularly with regard to the part of the hook fitted a cradle, the free end of said body being placed under the slate or the constituent tile of the roof.
  • the cradle 3 of the hook 1 can perfectly remain visible on the roof without harming however to the aesthetics of said roof.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Hooks, Suction Cups, And Attachment By Adhesive Means (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The safety hook comprises the hook itself (3) on a fastening strap (2) which is screwed to one surface of the rafter (4), and a plate (11) which is attached to another surface. The base of the hook or its zone adjacent to the fastening strap has at least one aperture (6,14) which acts as an anchoring point, e.g. for a harness and exerts a lengthwise rather than a transverse force on it in the event of a fall. The hook is preferably of metal, has a rectangular cross-section and is joined to the strap by welding.

Description

L'invention concerne un crochet de sécurité destiné à être fixé à un élément de charpente, en particulier un chevron, d'une construction pour y ancrer ou y accrocher un ou plusieurs dispositifs de sécurité tels qu'échafaudage, nacelle, échelle, plate-forme, harnais de sécurité ou autres.The invention relates to a safety hook intended to be attached to a structural element, in particular a rafter, a construction to anchor or hang on it one or several safety devices such as scaffolding, carrycot, ladder, platform, safety harness or other.

L'invention concerne plus particulièrement les crochets dits de service destinés à être placés sur une toiture inclinée pour permettre la pose de dispositifs de sécurité permettant à un intervenant en toiture de travailler en toute sécurité.The invention relates more particularly to hooks said service intended to be placed on a roof inclined to allow the installation of safety devices allowing a roofer to work in completely safe.

Le travail sur toiture, en particulier lorsque la toiture présentant une pente raide, a toujours posé des problèmes en matière de sécurité que ce soit pour la confection de ladite toiture ou pour sa réfection. Les normes de sécurité imposent aujourd'hui de disposer d'échafaudages ou de plates-formes ou d'échelles ou de harnais de sécurité permettant à l'intervenant en toiture de travailler en toute sécurité sans risque de chute et sans risque d'endommagement de la toiture elle-même. Work on the roof, especially when the roof has a steep slope, has always been problematic in terms of safety, whether it's for the making of said roof or for its repair. Safety standards require today to have scaffolding or safety platforms or ladders or harnesses allowing the roofer to work in completely safe with no risk of falling and no risk damage to the roof itself.

Des crochets de sécurité, encore appelés crochets de service, ont déjà été décrits dans la littérature. Un tel exemple de crochet de sécurité est notamment décrit dans le brevet FR-A-2.544.367. Ce crochet de sécurité se distingue par sa complexité du fait qu'il est constitué de deux éléments indépendants, à savoir un premier élément fixé au chevron et un crochet proprement dit, à la fois l'élément fixé au chevron et le crochet étant de réalisation complexe. L'élément fixé au chevron est constitué de deux plaques qui serrent latéralement le chevron en étant maintenues sur ce dernier par des boulons. Le crochet comporte quant à lui une chape devant être montée à emboítement verrouillé sur ledit élément fixé au chevron. Du fait du temps de montage et de la complexité d'un tel dispositif de sécurité, les intervenants en toiture renoncent à l'utiliser.Safety hooks, also called safety hooks service, have already been described in the literature. Such example of a safety hook is described in particular in the Patent FR-A-2,544,367. This safety hook stands out by its complexity due to the fact that it consists of two independent elements, namely a first element fixed to the chevron and an actual hook, both the element attached to the rafter and the hook being of realization complex. The element attached to the rafter consists of two plates which laterally tighten the rafter while being held on the latter by bolts. The hook includes a yoke to be mounted at interlocking locked on said element fixed to the rafter. Due to the assembly time and the complexity of such security system, roof workers give up using it.

Les autres dispositifs de sécurité de ce type connus à ce jour sont des crochets formés d'une seule pièce dont le corps est fixé par des pointes ou clous à un élément de charpente, en particulier à un chevron, et dont la portion recourbée sert à la réception d'un dispositif de sécurité à suspendre, en particulier une échelle. Une pièce rapportée et fixée par soudage au fond du crochet permet l'ancrage d'un harnais de sécurité. De tels crochets de sécurité sont décrits en particulier dans la norme européenne et la norme française NF EN 517 de novembre 1995 portant la référence ISSN03353931. Ces crochets de sécurité présentent un grand nombre d'inconvénients. Ils doivent en particulier, du fait de leur conception, être réalisés à partir de matériaux épais pour offrir la résistance souhaitée à des charges dynamiques et statiques. Il en résulte un poids et un encombrement importants du crochet risquant de nuire lors du montage, voire même d'empêcher, la pose de tels crochets. Other safety devices of this type known to this day are hooks formed in one piece whose body is fixed by points or nails to an element of frame, in particular a rafter, and whose portion curved serves to receive a safety device to hang, especially a ladder. A patch and fixed by welding to the bottom of the hook allows anchoring a safety harness. Such safety hooks are described in particular in the European standard and the standard French NF EN 517 of November 1995 bearing the reference ISSN03353931. These safety hooks have a large number of drawbacks. In particular, they must of their design, be made from materials thick to provide the desired resistance to loads dynamic and static. This results in a weight and a large dimensions of the hook which could harm mounting, or even preventing, the installation of such hooks.

Le but de la présente invention est donc de proposer un crochet de sécurité de conception simple, relativement léger, de structure mince et de pose aisée, apte à supporter une charge dynamique ou statique importante sans se déformer ou se détacher de l'élément de construction.The aim of the present invention is therefore to propose a safety hook of simple design, relatively light, of thin structure and easy installation, suitable for withstand a significant dynamic or static load without deform or detach from the building element.

Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer un crochet de sécurité dont la conception de la fixation sur un élément de construction autorise le positionnement sur ledit crochet de dispositifs de sécurité autres que les dispositifs de sécurité classiquement utilisés, en particulier des échafaudages, rendant ainsi le crochet de sécurité polyvalent.Another object of the invention is to propose a hook for safety including the design of the attachment to an element of construction allows positioning on said hook of safety devices other than safety devices conventionally used, in particular scaffolding, thus making the hook of versatile security.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un crochet de sécurité selon la revendication 1. To this end, the invention relates to a hook for security according to claim 1.

Grâce à cette conception générale du crochet de sécurité, toute désolidarisation entre crochet de sécurité et élément de construction ainsi que toute déformation du crochet de sécurité sont empêchées.Thanks to this general design of the safety hook, any separation between the safety hook and the element of construction as well as any deformation of the hook of security are prevented.

Selon une forme de réalisation préférée de l'invention, le berceau formant crochet est une pièce rapportée solidarisée par au moins une portion de son chant, de préférence par soudage, au corps du crochet 1. Enfin, on peut prévoir que le corps du crochet est coudé au moins une fois à son extrémité portant le berceau pour ménager une surface inclinée s'étendant obligatoirement au-dessus dudit élément de construction et épousant au moins une partie du dos du berceau de manière à renforcer le berceau. On obtient ainsi, de manière simple donc peu onéreuse, un crochet particulièrement résistant aux charges statiques et/ou dynamiques.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cradle forming hook is an attached piece by at least a portion of his song, preferably by welding, to the body of the hook 1. Finally, we can provide that the hook body is bent at least once at its end carrying the cradle to provide a surface inclined necessarily extending above said element of construction and marrying at least part of the back of the cradle so as to strengthen the cradle. We obtain thus, in a simple and therefore inexpensive manner, a hook particularly resistant to static loads and / or dynamic.

L'invention sera bien comprise à la lecture de la description suivante d'exemples de réalisation, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente une vue en perspective, à l'état non assemblé, d'un crochet selon un exemple de réalisation de l'invention devant être fixé à un chevron de toiture ;
  • la figure 2 représente le crochet de la figure 1 à l'état fixé audit chevron ;
  • la figure 3 représente un autre exemple de réalisation d'un crochet de sécurité conforme à l'invention et,
  • la figure 4 représente un autre exemple de réalisation d'un crochet de sécurité conforme à l'invention
    • The invention will be clearly understood on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view, in the unassembled state, of a hook according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention to be fixed to a roof rafter;
  • 2 shows the hook of Figure 1 in the state fixed to said rafter;
  • FIG. 3 represents another embodiment of a safety hook according to the invention and,
  • Figure 4 shows another embodiment of a safety hook according to the invention

    • Le crochet de sécurité 1, conforme à l'invention, est un crochet plus particulièrement destiné aux toitures en pente. Ce crochet 1 est fixé à un élément de charpente 4, en particulier un chevron, d'une construction. Ce crochet est destiné à l'accrochage d'échelles, à la fixation de plates-formes, à l'ancrage de harnais de sécurité, à l'accrochage d'échafaudages, etc.The safety hook 1, according to the invention, is a hook more particularly intended for roofs in slope. This hook 1 is fixed to a frame element 4, in particular a chevron, of a construction. This hook is intended for hanging ladders, for fixing platforms, to anchor safety harnesses, to hanging scaffolding, etc.

    Ce crochet 1 est constitué, comme le montre la figure 1, d'un corps 2 allongé destiné à venir s'appliquer par friction sur la face supérieure dudit élément de charpente 4. Ce corps 2 est généralement constitué à l'origine par une plaque métallique d'allure générale rectangulaire, cette plaque pouvant être éventuellement conformée par pliage comme il sera décrit ci-après. Ce corps 2 est assujetti à l'élément de charpente 4 par au moins un organe de fixation. Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté à la figure 1, deux organes de fixation 12 et 12' sont représentés, l'organe 12' étant également appelé dans ce qui suit organe de serrage. En effet, généralement, le corps 2 présente un ou plusieurs perçages traversants 15 au voisinage de l'une de ses extrémités, appelée extrémité libre, pour le passage d'organes de fixation tels que des clous 12. Ce corps 2 du crochet 1 peut en outre comporter au moins une patte de fixation 11 formant un ensemble monobloc avec ledit corps 2, cette patte de fixation 11 étant destinée à s'appliquer par friction sur la face latérale de l'élément de charpente 4 au moyen d'au moins un organe de serrage 12' traversant, par ladite patte de fixation 11, ledit élément de charpente 4. Cet organe de serrage 12' est par exemple une tige filetée. Cette tige filetée s'engage suivant un axe, représenté en trait mixte à la figure 1, dans un perçage ménagé dans l'élément de charpente 4. Le maintien de cet organe de serrage 12' est obtenu au moyen d'un organe de fixation approprié tel qu'un simple écrou. Pour parfaire la fixation, il peut être inséré, entre l'écrou formant l'organe de fixation et la face du chevron 4, une rondelle à griffes 13, les griffes de cette rondelle étant aptes à pénétrer, au cours d'un serrage de l'organe de serrage 12', dans l'élément de charpente 4. Bien que cette patte de fixation 11 ne soit pas obligatoire, elle permet, lorsqu'elle est présente, de renforcer la résistance de la fixation du crochet de sécurité 1 à l'élément de charpente 4. Cette patte de fixation 11 qui forme un ensemble monobloc avec le corps 2 peut être constituée par une simple plaque pourvue d'un perçage traversant pour le passage de l'organe de serrage 12', cette plaque étant soudée à une portion de bord longitudinal de ce dernier comme le montre la figure 1. Cette patte de fixation 11 peut également être formée d'une seule pièce avec le corps 2. Ainsi, cette patte de fixation 11 peut être réalisée par pliage par torsion de l'extrémité libre du corps 2 comme le montre la figure 4. La portion du corps 2 s'étendant entre la zone de torsion et l'extrémité libre du corps 2 comporte au moins un perçage traversant et sert à la fixation de la patte 11 à l'élément de charpente 4. L'élément de serrage utilisé est identique à l'organe 12' décrit ci-dessus.This hook 1 is made up, as shown in FIG. 1, an elongated body 2 intended to be applied by friction on the upper face of said frame member 4. This body 2 is generally originally formed by a metal plate with a generally rectangular appearance, this plate possibly being shaped by folding as will be described below. This body 2 is secured to the structural element 4 by at least one member of fixation. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, two fasteners 12 and 12 'are represented, the member 12 'also being called in this following clamping member. Indeed, generally, the body 2 has one or more through holes 15 at near one of its ends, called the end free, for the passage of fasteners such as nails 12. This body 2 of the hook 1 may also include at least one fixing lug 11 forming an assembly integral with said body 2, this fixing lug 11 being intended to be applied by friction on the face side of the structural element 4 by means of at least one clamping member 12 'passing through, by said tab fixing 11, said frame member 4. This body clamping 12 'is for example a threaded rod. This rod threaded engages along an axis, shown in phantom in Figure 1, in a bore in the element of frame 4. The maintenance of this clamping member 12 'is obtained by means of a suitable fixing member such as a simple nut. To perfect the fixation, it can be inserted, between the nut forming the fixing member and the face of the chevron 4, a claw washer 13, the claws of this washer being able to penetrate, during a clamping of the clamping member 12 ', in the element of frame 4. Although this fixing lug 11 is not not compulsory, it allows, when present, to reinforce the resistance of the hook attachment safety 1 to the structural element 4. This lug attachment 11 which forms a one-piece assembly with the body 2 may consist of a simple plate provided with a through hole for the passage of the clamping member 12 ', this plate being welded to an edge portion longitudinal of the latter as shown in Figure 1. This fixing lug 11 can also be formed of a single piece with the body 2. So this bracket 11 can be made by torsional bending of the end body 2 as shown in Figure 4. The portion of the body 2 extending between the torsion zone and the end free from body 2 has at least one through hole and used to fix the tab 11 to the frame element 4. The clamping element used is identical to the member 12 'described above.

    Ce crochet de sécurité 1 comporte en outre un berceau 3 constituant à proprement dit le crochet. Ce berceau 3 est disposé à, ou au voisinage de, l'une des extrémités dudit corps 2 et est solidarisé à ce dernier. Ce berceau 3 est disposé sur le corps 2 de manière telle qu'il est ouvert vers l'extrémité libre dudit corps. Ce berceau 3 est plus particulièrement destiné à la réception d'un dispositif de sécurité à suspendre, en particulier une échelle de couvreur. Ce berceau 3 peut affecter un grand nombre de formes. Dans les exemples représentés, ce berceau 3 formant crochet est une pièce rapportée solidarisée par au moins une portion de son chant, de préférence par soudage, au corps 2 dudit crochet. Ce montage particulier du berceau sur le corps confère à l'ensemble du crochet de sécurité une résistance accrue à la déformation.This safety hook 1 also comprises a cradle 3 constituting the hook itself. This cradle 3 is disposed at, or in the vicinity of, one end of said body 2 and is secured to the latter. This cradle 3 is arranged on the body 2 in such a way that it is open toward the free end of said body. This cradle 3 is more particularly intended for the reception of a safety to hang, in particular a ladder of roofer. This cradle 3 can affect a large number of forms. In the examples shown, this cradle 3 forming hook is an attached piece secured by at least a portion of its edge, preferably by welding, body 2 of said hook. This particular assembly of the cradle on the body gives the entire safety hook increased resistance to deformation.

    Ce berceau 3 formant crochet affecte la forme d'un C ou d'un U couché. Il est réalisé à partir d'une pièce de préférence métallique de section généralement carrée ou rectangulaire, tel qu'un fer plat, de manière à présenter une âme de dimension relativement importante. Ce fer plat une fois conformé, par exemple par emboutissage ou découpage, est soudé par une portion de sa tranche sur le corps 2, en l'occurence sur la face du dessus de ce corps 2. Le positionnement sur la tranche du berceau 3 permet de disposer d'une âme de grande dimension dans laquelle des ouvertures peuvent êtres aisément ménagées. Ce montage permet en outre l'obtention d'une résistance à la déformation accrue de l'ensemble du berceau en particulier lorsqu'une traction est exercée sur ce dernier.This cradle 3 forming a hook has the shape of a C or of a lying U. It is made from a piece of metallic preference of generally square section or rectangular, such as a flat iron, so as to present a relatively large soul. This flat iron once conformed, for example by stamping or cutting, is welded by a portion of its edge on the body 2, in this case on the top face of this body 2. The positioning on the edge of the cradle 3 allows have a large soul in which openings can be easily made. This montage furthermore provides resistance to increased deformation of the entire cradle in particular when traction is exerted on the latter.

    Ce berceau 3 comporte à sa base 5, dans la zone de liaison berceau 3-corps 2 ou sensiblement au-dessus de cette dernière, au moins une ouverture traversante 6, 14 d'axe orthogonal à l'axe longitudinal du corps 2. Cette ouverture 6 ou 14 constitue un point d'ancrage d'un dispositif de sécurité tel qu'un harnais ou une ligne de vie. En l'occurrence, l'ouverture 6 est plus particulièrement destinée à l'ancrage d'un harnais tandis que l'ouverture 14 est destinée à la réception d'une ligne de vie. Cette ou ces ouvertures sont ménagées en des emplacements choisis pour que l'organe de fixation 12 ou 12' du corps 2 à l'élément de construction 4 travaille en cisaillement et non à l'arrachement lorsque le dispositif de sécurité ancré exerce une force de traction sur ledit crochet. Par exemple, lorsque le dispositif de sécurité est un harnais, une force de traction dynamique peut être exercée sur le crochet 1 lors de la chute d'un intervenant en toiture. This cradle 3 has at its base 5, in the connection zone 3-body cradle 2 or substantially above this last, at least one through opening 6, 14 of axis orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the body 2. This opening 6 or 14 constitutes an anchor point for a safety such as a harness or a lifeline. In the occurrence, the opening 6 is more particularly intended for anchoring a harness while the opening 14 is intended for receiving a lifeline. This or these openings are made in selected locations so that the fixing member 12 or 12 'of the body 2 to the construction element 4 works in shear and no to tearing off when the safety device anchored exerts a tensile force on said hook. Through example, when the safety device is a harness, a dynamic tensile force can be exerted on the hook 1 when a roofing operator falls.

    Du fait du positionnement des ouvertures 6 ou 14, on ne constate, lors d'un tel événement, ni déformation dudit crochet 1, ni modification de la liaison entre corps 2 et élément de construction 4. Ce qui signifie que la fixation entre corps 2 et élément de construction 4 est apte à être agencée pour résister à de tels efforts.Due to the positioning of the openings 6 or 14, there is no notes, during such an event, or deformation of said hook 1, nor modification of the connection between body 2 and building element 4. Which means that fixing between body 2 and construction element 4 is able to be arranged to withstand such efforts.

    L'ouverture traversante du berceau 3 servant à l'ancrage d'un dispositif de sécurité peut être réalisée de différentes manières. Ainsi, cette ouverture traversante du berceau 3 peut être constituée par perforation de l'âme du berceau. C'est le cas de l'ouverture 14. Cette ouverture traversante du berceau peut encore être ménagée au moyen d'une échancrure ménagée en un emplacement du pourtour extérieur du berceau qui, en position fixée dudit berceau 3 sur le corps 2, coopère avec le corps 2 pour ménager ladite ouverture. C'est le cas de l'ouverture 6 qui affecte, dans la figure 1, une forme en arc formant pont. Bien évidemment, d'autres modes de réalisation de ces ouvertures traversantes peuvent être envisagés.The through opening of the cradle 3 used for anchoring of a safety device can be realized from different ways. So this through opening of the cradle 3 can be formed by perforating the core of the cradle. This is the case of opening 14. This opening through the cradle can still be provided by means a notch in a location around the perimeter outside of the cradle which, in the fixed position of said cradle 3 on the body 2, cooperates with the body 2 to spare said opening. This is the case of opening 6 which affects, in Figure 1, an arc form forming a bridge. Well obviously, other embodiments of these openings through can be considered.

    Il est encore possible d'augmenter la résistance d'un tel crochet de sécurité en conformant le corps 2 du crochet de manière appropriée. Ainsi, dans l'exemple représenté aux figures 1 et 2, le corps 2 du crochet est coudé au moins une fois à son extrémité portant le berceau 3 pour ménager une surface 7 inclinée s'étendant obliquement au-dessus dudit élément de construction 4 et épousant au moins une partie du dos 8 du berceau 3 de manière à renforcer ce dernier. Cette conformation du corps 2 ne fait que renforcer les effets obtenus par le positionnement des ouvertures traversantes 6 et 14.It is still possible to increase the resistance of such safety hook by conforming the body 2 of the hook appropriately. Thus, in the example shown in Figures 1 and 2, the body 2 of the hook is bent at least once at its end carrying the cradle 3 to spare an inclined surface 7 extending obliquely above of said construction element 4 and matching at least one part of the back 8 of the cradle 3 so as to reinforce this latest. This conformation of the body 2 only reinforce the effects obtained by the positioning of through openings 6 and 14.

    En outre, afin de rendre ce crochet de sécurité polyvalent par rapport aux crochets existants, ce crochet comporte, au-delà du berceau 3 et s'étendant suivant un axe parallèle et écarté de l'axe longitudinal dudit corps 2, un prolongement 9, ce prolongement 9 comportant une ouverture traversante 10 pour recevoir un organe d'accrochage d'un dispositif de sécurité supplémentaire, en particulier une structure d'échafaudage. De telles structures d'échafaudage sont plus particulièrement décrites dans le brevet FR-A-2.245.213.Furthermore, in order to make this safety hook versatile compared to existing hooks, this hook comprises, beyond the cradle 3 and extending along a parallel axis and separated from the longitudinal axis of said body 2, a extension 9, this extension 9 comprising an opening through 10 to receive a hooking member of a additional safety device, especially a scaffolding structure. Such scaffolding structures are more particularly described in patent FR-A-2,245,213.

    Ce prolongement 9 peut prendre naissance directement à partir du dos 8 du berceau 3. Toutefois, dans un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le prolongement 9 dudit crochet est ménagé par contre-coudage du corps 2 de crochet.This extension 9 can arise directly at from the back 8 of the cradle 3. However, in a mode of preferred embodiment of the invention, the extension 9 of said hook is formed by counter-bending the body 2 of hook.

    Généralement, de tels crochets 1 de sécurité sont disposés en partie basse et en partie haute d'une toiture. Ces crochets sont alignés suivant une même ligne de niveau pour pouvoir éventuellement passer une lisse à l'intérieur du berceau. Sur cette lisse, on pourra faire coulisser l'anneau d'une corde relié à un harnais de sécurité. A l'intérieur de ce ou ces berceaux peuvent également être disposés les montants d'une échelle. De tels crochets de sécurité sont destinés à être fixés de manière permanente à l'élément de construction. Ces crochets de sécurité seront donc fixés au fur et à mesure de la construction et recouvriront donc au moins partiellement la toiture, en particulier en ce qui concerne la partie du crochet équipée d'un berceau, l'extrémité libre dudit corps étant quant à elle placée sous l'ardoise ou la tuile constitutive de la toiture.Generally, such safety hooks 1 are arranged in the lower part and in the upper part of a roof. These hooks are aligned along the same level line to possibly be able to pass a stringer inside the cradle. On this rail, we can slide the ring of a rope connected to a safety harness. AT the interior of this or these cradles can also be arranged the uprights of a ladder. Such hooks safety are intended to be permanently attached to the building element. These safety hooks will therefore fixed as the construction progresses and will therefore at least partially cover the roof, particularly with regard to the part of the hook fitted a cradle, the free end of said body being placed under the slate or the constituent tile of the roof.

    Du fait de son profil, le berceau 3 du crochet 1 peut parfaitement rester apparent sur la toiture sans nuire toutefois à l'esthétique de ladite toiture.Because of its profile, the cradle 3 of the hook 1 can perfectly remain visible on the roof without harming however to the aesthetics of said roof.

    Claims (8)

    1. Safety hook (1) suitable for fixing to a structural element (4) in particular a rafter of a construction, for hooking on at least one safety device such as a ladder, platform or harness, this hook consisting of an elongated body (2) intended to make frictional contact with the upper surface of the said structural element (4) and to be fixed to the latter by at least one fixing member (12, 12'), [lacuna) a cradle (3) forming a hook, integral with the said body (2) and arranged at or in the vicinity of one of the ends of the body, this cradle (3) being open towards the free end of the said body, in particular for receiving a safety device to be suspended, characterised in that the cradle (3) has at its base (5), in the zone where the cradle (3) is joined to the body (2) or essentially above this zone, at least one opening (6, 14) passing from the orthogonal axis to the longitudinal axis of the body (2), this opening (6), 14), suitable for forming an anchoring point for a safety device, such as a harness, being made either by perforation of the web of the cradle (3) or by means of scalloping of the outer periphery of the cradle which, when the cradle is in the position fixed on the body (2), interacts with the body (2) to delimit the said opening.
    2. Hook according to Claim 1,
      characterised in that the cradle (3) forming a hook is a separate part joined by at least a portion of its edge, preferably by welding, to the body (2) of the said hook (1).
    3. Hook according to one of Claims 1 or 2,
      characterised in that the cradle (3) forming a hook is a part, preferably a metal part, of square or rectangular cross-section, such as flat bar iron assuming the shape of a C or of a U on its side.
    4. Hook according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
      characterised in that the body (2) of the hook is bent at least once at its end supporting the cradle (3) to produce an inclined surface (7) extending obliquely above the said structural element (4) and marrying at least part of the back (8) of the cradle so as to reinforce the cradle.
    5. Hook according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
      characterised in that the said hook (1) has, beyond the cradle (3), an extension (9) extending in accordance with an axis that is parallel to and some distance away from the longitudinal axis of the said body (2), this extension (9) having an opening (10) through it for receiving a securing member of a supplementary safety device, in particular a scaffolding structure.
    6. Hook according to Claim 5,
      characterised in that the extension (9) of the said hook (1) is produced by cranking the body (2) of the hook (1).
    7. Hook according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
      characterised in that the body (2) of the hook (1) has one or more drilled holes (15) passing through it in the vicinity of its free end for passage of fixing members (12) such as nails.
    8. Hook according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
      characterised in that the body (2) of the hook (1) also has at least one fixing tab (11) forming an integral whole with the said body (2), this fixing tab (11) being intended to make frictional contact with the side face of the structural element (4) by means of at least one locking member (12') passing through the said structural element (4) via the said fixing tab (11) .
    EP97402230A 1996-11-15 1997-09-25 Security hook Expired - Lifetime EP0843057B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9613940 1996-11-15
    FR9613940A FR2756027B1 (en) 1996-11-15 1996-11-15 SAFETY HOOK

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0843057A1 EP0843057A1 (en) 1998-05-20
    EP0843057B1 true EP0843057B1 (en) 2003-11-26

    Family

    ID=9497651

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP97402230A Expired - Lifetime EP0843057B1 (en) 1996-11-15 1997-09-25 Security hook

    Country Status (7)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0843057B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE255196T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE69726382T2 (en)
    DK (1) DK0843057T3 (en)
    ES (1) ES2210476T3 (en)
    FR (1) FR2756027B1 (en)
    PT (1) PT843057E (en)

    Cited By (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US7637351B2 (en) 2005-01-25 2009-12-29 Roger Langsmead Scaffold safety apparatus

    Families Citing this family (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    FR2773856B1 (en) * 1998-01-16 2000-02-25 Dimos SAFETY HOOK
    JO2409B1 (en) 2000-11-21 2007-06-17 شركة جانسين فارماسوتيكا ان. في Biphenylcarboxamides useful as lipid lowering agents
    FR2861778B1 (en) * 2003-10-29 2008-02-08 Participations G PERMANENT SECURITY ANCHORING DEVICE WITH SECURE FASTENING

    Family Cites Families (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    FR2544367B1 (en) * 1983-04-15 1985-06-28 Vanacker Yves IMPROVEMENTS ON HOOKS FOR ROOFS

    Cited By (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US7637351B2 (en) 2005-01-25 2009-12-29 Roger Langsmead Scaffold safety apparatus

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    DE69726382D1 (en) 2004-01-08
    DE69726382T2 (en) 2004-09-09
    PT843057E (en) 2004-04-30
    DK0843057T3 (en) 2004-04-05
    ATE255196T1 (en) 2003-12-15
    FR2756027B1 (en) 1999-01-15
    FR2756027A1 (en) 1998-05-22
    ES2210476T3 (en) 2004-07-01
    EP0843057A1 (en) 1998-05-20

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