EP0841687B1 - Keramisches Entladungsgefäss - Google Patents
Keramisches Entladungsgefäss Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0841687B1 EP0841687B1 EP97117480A EP97117480A EP0841687B1 EP 0841687 B1 EP0841687 B1 EP 0841687B1 EP 97117480 A EP97117480 A EP 97117480A EP 97117480 A EP97117480 A EP 97117480A EP 0841687 B1 EP0841687 B1 EP 0841687B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- discharge vessel
- ceramic
- ceramic discharge
- vessel according
- contour
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
Definitions
- the invention is based on a ceramic discharge vessel according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Ceramic discharge vessels for Metal halide lamps or high pressure sodium lamps exist usually made of aluminum oxide, which may be provided with dopants can. But also other well-known materials such as sapphire, aluminum nitride etc. can be used.
- DE-A 31 37 076 describes elongated cylindrical or in the middle bulged discharge vessels for high pressure sodium discharge lamps, the inside diameter of the discharge volume being larger than that of the Ends is. In particular, it is recommended that the inside diameter be in height the electrode tip at least 60% of the inner diameter in the middle is.
- a discharge vessel which consists of a straight cylindrical tube is formed, the ends with reduced diameter has.
- the cylindrical tube can have an elliptical cross section.
- EP-A 587 238 is a cylindrical discharge vessel with a right angle attached end faces known, in which the electrodes recessed into the ends are used.
- Such cylindrical discharge vessels do allow a universal burning position, but its temperature distribution is also inhomogeneous, so that a very high hot spot temperature is also generated here.
- a high temperature gradient as seen in both elongated elliptical as well as in cylindrical discharge vessels, encourages signs of corrosion on the ceramic during the life of the lamp.
- the principle given with the use of ceramics Possibility to increase the cold spot temperature compared to quartz glass and thus to improve the lighting data with these geometries limited by the very high hot spot temperature that occurs there.
- the hot spot temperature of the ceramic is limited to a maximum of about 1250 ° C, when lifetimes of 6,000 to 10,000 hours are aimed for.
- the present invention describes a special "bulbous" geometry of the discharge vessel, which are almost equivalent in every burning position
- photometric lamp data leads with elongated cylindrical or elliptical geometry. This geometry leads in particular to a reduced hot spot temperature and a very even temperature distribution.
- the present invention is a ceramic Discharge vessel for a high-pressure discharge lamp, which has a light-emitting Filling contains.
- the contour of the inner wall of the discharge vessel defines an internal volume V.
- the discharge vessel has one Longitudinal axis and two ends with openings, electrical in the ends Feedthroughs are attached gastight, with two electrodes are electrically connected, which are in the internal volume in a given Face the electrode gap EA.
- the contour of the inner wall has the following geometry:
- the inner contour of the discharge vessel can be composed of three parts think, namely an essentially straight cylindrical one Middle part with the length L and with the inner radius R and two on it adjoining both sides, essentially hemispherical end pieces with the same radius R.
- the basic condition is that the length of the cylindrical central part is less than or equal to its inner radius: L ⁇ R.
- the inside diameter of the discharge vessel must be at least 2/3 of the total length of the discharge vessel. Especially preferably L ⁇ 0.8 R.
- L and R should be chosen so that certain boundary conditions for the electrode spacing EA are observed. These define an upper and lower limit for the insertion length of the electrodes in the internal volume.
- the total inside length of the discharge vessel must be at least 10% larger than the electrode gap EA. Otherwise the electrodes come too close to the end area and overheat the lead-through area: 2R + L ⁇ 1.1 EA.
- the diameter (2R) of the discharge vessel must have a length of at least 80% of the electrode spacing EA, otherwise the discharge vessel is heated unnecessarily strongly in the middle by the curvature of the arc. At the same time, the diameter may have a maximum length of 150% of the electrode spacing EA, since otherwise the middle part remains too cold 1.5 EA ⁇ 2R ⁇ 0.8 EA.
- the wall load of the discharge vessel (that is the nominal power based on the inner surface) can be set to values between 25 and 45 W / cm 2 , preferably to values between 25 and 35 W / cm 2 , and more so for small-watt lamps at 35 (for values around 20 W nominal power even up to 45 W / cm 2 ), with higher wattages rather at 25 W / cm 2 .
- the wall load is about 10% lower than with conventional lamps according to the prior art cited above.
- the wall load of the discharge vessel (in W / cm 2 ) for lamps with a nominal output between 35 and 250 W is dependent on the nominal output P (in W) and the sizes R and L (in each case in cm) of the discharge vessel , chosen so that 25 ⁇ P / (4 ⁇ R 2 + 2 ⁇ RL) ⁇ 35.
- the volume V of the discharge vessel for a 35 W lamp is approx. 100 - 150 ⁇ l and increases by approx. 7 - 10 ⁇ l per watt of additional nominal power. Accordingly, it decreases with lower performance.
- a 20 W lamp has one Discharge volume of about 35 ⁇ l.
- the internal volume V of the discharge vessel (in ⁇ l) is selected as a function of the nominal power P (in W) using the following formula: 0.16 • P 3.5 ⁇ V ⁇ 0.32 • P 3.5 ; in particular 0.22 • P 3.5 ⁇ V ⁇ 0.32 • P 3.5 ,
- L ⁇ 0.6 R is selected. This is particularly important for small-watt lamps, where the heat losses at the ends are highest, in relative terms.
- the wall thickness of the discharge vessel is advantageously at least in the Center of the discharge vessel between 5 and 15% of the inner radius R.
- Special a discharge vessel is suitable in which the wall thickness corresponds to the Ends increases and at the ends up to twice the wall thickness is in the middle.
- the discharge vessel is usually made of aluminum oxide, which may can be doped with magnesium oxide and other oxides or from other materials such as aluminum nitride or sapphire.
- the present invention also relates in particular to a high-pressure discharge lamp with a ceramic discharge tube as above described.
- Separate ceramic are preferably at the ends of the discharge vessel Plug (possibly also designed as a cermet) for receiving the current feedthroughs appropriate.
- the ends can also be integral parts of the discharge vessel.
- the feedthroughs can be made from the known set of shapes (e.g. a pipe or pin made of niobium or molybdenum or a conductive cermet) is selected will, in particular, be designed as capillaries into which a suitable Electrode system is soldered.
- a pipe or pin made of niobium or molybdenum or a conductive cermet e.g. a pipe or pin made of niobium or molybdenum or a conductive cermet
- the inner contour of the discharge vessel is described here.
- the outer contour that is less important for the present invention is then more or less predetermined by the wall thickness.
- the outer contour is due to a uniform wall thickness specified.
- the wall thickness is between 5% and 15% of the inner radius of the discharge vessel.
- the Wall thickness increases in this case from typically 10% of the inner radius in the Center of the discharge vessel up to twice this value in the end area. This also prevents rapid corrosion of the ceramic during the lifespan most likely to occur in the end area.
- an electrode system (not shown) is inserted in each of the plugs, the electrode spacing being 7.5 mm.
- the filling contained in the discharge volume contains a mixture of the metal halides NaJ and TlJ with rare earth iodides, such as DyJ 3 , TmJ 3 and HoJ 3 , as are usually used for lamps with high wall loads. This results in an initial color temperature of 3030 ⁇ 80 K in the vertical and 2980 ⁇ 80 K in the horizontal burning position. The temperature difference between cold spot and hot spot is only 20 ° with this lamp, in contrast to 70 ° with conventional cylindrical lamps with right-angled end faces.
- the wall load of this discharge vessel is approximately 28 W / cm 2 .
- the internal volume of the discharge vessel is 370 ⁇ l.
- FIG. 2 shows a discharge vessel 1 for a 35 W lamp.
- the Length of the cylindrical middle part 2 but 1.9 mm, while the radius of the hemispherical end pieces 3 is now 2.55 mm.
- the total length of the Internal volume is 7.0 mm.
- the wall thickness of the discharge vessel 1 increases from the center (0.8 mm) towards the outside to a maximum of 0.95 mm.
- the maximum outside diameter is 6.8 mm.
- the lamp power is in further similarly constructed exemplary embodiments chosen higher.
- the ratio for the semi-axes of the ellipsoid is: b / a ⁇ 1.25.
- the end pieces 11 are together with the plug 12 is integrally made from a single molded ceramic part which consists of aluminum oxide. The wall thickness increases from the center where it is 0.8 mm, towards the ends continuously double.
Landscapes
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
- Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19645960 | 1996-11-07 | ||
DE19645960A DE19645960A1 (de) | 1996-11-07 | 1996-11-07 | Keramisches Entladungsgefäß |
US08/949,523 US5936351A (en) | 1996-11-07 | 1997-10-14 | Ceramic discharge vessel |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0841687A2 EP0841687A2 (de) | 1998-05-13 |
EP0841687A3 EP0841687A3 (de) | 1998-06-17 |
EP0841687B1 true EP0841687B1 (de) | 2003-01-08 |
Family
ID=26031070
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97117480A Expired - Lifetime EP0841687B1 (de) | 1996-11-07 | 1997-10-09 | Keramisches Entladungsgefäss |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5936351A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0841687B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3723676B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1102798C (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2218639C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE19645960A1 (zh) |
HU (1) | HU220258B (zh) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7211954B2 (en) | 2005-03-09 | 2007-05-01 | General Electric Company | Discharge tubes |
US7279838B2 (en) | 2005-03-09 | 2007-10-09 | General Electric Company | Discharge tubes |
Families Citing this family (40)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE69824681T2 (de) * | 1997-04-25 | 2005-06-30 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Hochdruck-Entladungslampe |
JP4316699B2 (ja) | 1997-07-25 | 2009-08-19 | ハリソン東芝ライティング株式会社 | 高圧放電ランプおよび照明装置 |
US6137229A (en) * | 1997-09-26 | 2000-10-24 | Matsushita Electronics Corporation | Metal halide lamp with specific dimension of the discharge tube |
JP3318250B2 (ja) | 1997-12-26 | 2002-08-26 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 金属蒸気放電ランプ |
JP4297227B2 (ja) * | 1998-07-24 | 2009-07-15 | ハリソン東芝ライティング株式会社 | 高圧放電ランプおよび照明装置 |
US6307321B1 (en) | 1999-07-14 | 2001-10-23 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation | High-pressure discharge lamp and lighting apparatus |
US6731066B2 (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2004-05-04 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Ceramic arc tube assembly |
US6620272B2 (en) | 2001-02-23 | 2003-09-16 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Method of assembling a ceramic body |
DE60206215T2 (de) * | 2001-06-27 | 2006-05-04 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Kadoma | Metall-Halogen-Lampe |
JP2003016998A (ja) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-01-17 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | メタルハライドランプ |
JP3990582B2 (ja) | 2001-06-29 | 2007-10-17 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | メタルハライドランプ |
US6873108B2 (en) | 2001-09-14 | 2005-03-29 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Monolithic seal for a sapphire metal halide lamp |
US6774566B2 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2004-08-10 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation | High pressure discharge lamp and luminaire |
US6661173B2 (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2003-12-09 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Quartz arc tube for a metal halide lamp and method of making same |
US7034461B2 (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2006-04-25 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Ceramic arc tube with internal ridge |
US6812644B2 (en) | 2003-02-04 | 2004-11-02 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Reduced mercury ceramic metal halide lamp |
US7262553B2 (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2007-08-28 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | High efficacy metal halide lamp with configured discharge chamber |
US7030543B2 (en) * | 2004-02-24 | 2006-04-18 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Reflector lamp having reduced seal temperature |
US7503825B2 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2009-03-17 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Aluminum nitride arc discharge vessel having high total transmittance and method of making same |
US20060211568A1 (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2006-09-21 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | High Total Transmittance Alumina Discharge Vessels Having Submicron Grain Size |
DE102005013003A1 (de) | 2005-03-21 | 2006-09-28 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Metallhalogenidlampe |
US7245075B2 (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2007-07-17 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Dimmable metal halide HID lamp with good color consistency |
JP4743847B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-18 | 2011-08-10 | 株式会社小糸製作所 | 自動車用前照灯 |
US7247591B2 (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2007-07-24 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Translucent PCA ceramic, ceramic discharge vessel, and method of making |
US7414366B2 (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2008-08-19 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Single-ended discharge vessel with diverging electrodes |
US7420331B2 (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2008-09-02 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Doped dysprosia discharge vessel |
US20060290285A1 (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2006-12-28 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Rapid Warm-up Ceramic Metal Halide Lamp |
US20070072762A1 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-03-29 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Method of Making Ceramic Discharge Vessels Using Stereolithography |
US20070138963A1 (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2007-06-21 | General Electric Company | Ceramic arc chamber having shaped ends |
JP4915909B2 (ja) * | 2006-06-27 | 2012-04-11 | パナソニック株式会社 | 無電極放電灯及び照明器具 |
CN101669189B (zh) | 2007-04-20 | 2011-11-23 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 包含可电离的盐填充物的金属卤化物灯 |
CN101663728B (zh) * | 2007-04-20 | 2013-01-02 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 包括成形陶瓷放电容器的金属卤化物灯 |
US7799269B2 (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2010-09-21 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Method of sintering AIN under a methane-containing nitrogen atmosphere |
DE202008007162U1 (de) * | 2008-05-28 | 2008-08-07 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Hochdruckentladungslampe |
WO2011015246A1 (de) | 2009-08-06 | 2011-02-10 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | HOCHDRUCKENTLADUNGSLAMPE MIT KERAMISCHEM ENTLADUNGSGEFÄß |
DE102009047753A1 (de) | 2009-12-09 | 2011-06-16 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Entladungsgefäß aus Keramik für eine Hochdruckentladungslampe |
CN102299040A (zh) * | 2010-06-24 | 2011-12-28 | 上海亚明灯泡厂有限公司 | 陶瓷放电管金属卤化物灯 |
US9552976B2 (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2017-01-24 | General Electric Company | Optimized HID arc tube geometry |
CN103606510A (zh) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-26 | 辽宁爱华照明科技股份有限公司 | 一种70-100w灯具电器通用金属卤化物灯 |
EP2988318A1 (en) | 2014-08-19 | 2016-02-24 | Flowil International Lighting (HOLDING) B.V. | Metal halide lamp with high colour rendering |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB1401293A (en) * | 1972-04-19 | 1975-07-16 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | Electric discharge lamps |
US4161672A (en) * | 1977-07-05 | 1979-07-17 | General Electric Company | High pressure metal vapor discharge lamps of improved efficacy |
GB2085650A (en) * | 1980-09-17 | 1982-04-28 | Matsushita Electronics Corp | High-pressure discharge lamp |
JPS57115754A (en) * | 1981-01-12 | 1982-07-19 | Matsushita Electronics Corp | High pressure sodium lamp |
US4643690A (en) * | 1983-05-10 | 1987-02-17 | North American Philips Electric Corporation | Method of manufacturing metal halide lamp |
JPS609049A (ja) * | 1983-06-09 | 1985-01-18 | ジ−・テイ−・イ−・プロダクツ・コ−ポレイシヨン | シングルエンドのメタルハライド放電ランプおよびその製造方法 |
US4620130A (en) * | 1984-03-27 | 1986-10-28 | Gte Products Corporation | Electrode alignment and capsule design for single-ended low wattage metal halide lamps |
US4791334A (en) * | 1987-05-07 | 1988-12-13 | Gte Products Corporation | Metal-halide lamp having heat redistribution means |
US5138228A (en) * | 1990-12-31 | 1992-08-11 | Welch Allyn, Inc. | Bulb geometry for low power metal halide lamp |
DE4115077A1 (de) * | 1991-05-08 | 1992-11-12 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Hochdruckentladungslampe |
US5239230A (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1993-08-24 | General Electric Company | High brightness discharge light source |
US5497049A (en) * | 1992-06-23 | 1996-03-05 | U.S. Philips Corporation | High pressure mercury discharge lamp |
EP0587238B1 (en) * | 1992-09-08 | 2000-07-19 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | High-pressure discharge lamp |
US5486737A (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1996-01-23 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Heavily loaded double-ended arc lamp |
RU2079181C1 (ru) * | 1995-05-30 | 1997-05-10 | Правление научно-технического общества энергетиков и электротехников Мордовии | Газоразрядная лампа |
-
1996
- 1996-11-07 DE DE19645960A patent/DE19645960A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-10-09 EP EP97117480A patent/EP0841687B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-14 US US08/949,523 patent/US5936351A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-20 CA CA002218639A patent/CA2218639C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-04 JP JP31761797A patent/JP3723676B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-06 HU HU9701882A patent/HU220258B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-07 CN CN97122218A patent/CN1102798C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7211954B2 (en) | 2005-03-09 | 2007-05-01 | General Electric Company | Discharge tubes |
US7279838B2 (en) | 2005-03-09 | 2007-10-09 | General Electric Company | Discharge tubes |
US7327085B2 (en) | 2005-03-09 | 2008-02-05 | General Electric Company | Discharge tubes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2218639C (en) | 2005-12-20 |
EP0841687A3 (de) | 1998-06-17 |
CN1182276A (zh) | 1998-05-20 |
DE19645960A1 (de) | 1998-05-14 |
JP3723676B2 (ja) | 2005-12-07 |
JPH10144261A (ja) | 1998-05-29 |
HUP9701882A3 (en) | 2000-02-28 |
HUP9701882A2 (hu) | 1998-06-29 |
HU220258B (hu) | 2001-11-28 |
US5936351A (en) | 1999-08-10 |
CN1102798C (zh) | 2003-03-05 |
EP0841687A2 (de) | 1998-05-13 |
CA2218639A1 (en) | 1998-05-07 |
HU9701882D0 (en) | 1998-01-28 |
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