EP0836998B1 - Method and device for packaging objects in elastic packaging material - Google Patents

Method and device for packaging objects in elastic packaging material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0836998B1
EP0836998B1 EP96116634A EP96116634A EP0836998B1 EP 0836998 B1 EP0836998 B1 EP 0836998B1 EP 96116634 A EP96116634 A EP 96116634A EP 96116634 A EP96116634 A EP 96116634A EP 0836998 B1 EP0836998 B1 EP 0836998B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
receptacle
packaging material
monoplane
foil
packaging
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96116634A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0836998A1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Werner Meixner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pi-Patente (gmbh) Entwicklung und Verwertung GmbH
Pi Patente GmbH
Original Assignee
Pi-Patente (gmbh) Entwicklung und Verwertung GmbH
Pi Patente GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to ES96116634T priority Critical patent/ES2141432T3/en
Application filed by Pi-Patente (gmbh) Entwicklung und Verwertung GmbH, Pi Patente GmbH filed Critical Pi-Patente (gmbh) Entwicklung und Verwertung GmbH
Priority to EP96116634A priority patent/EP0836998B1/en
Priority to DE59604312T priority patent/DE59604312D1/en
Priority to AT96116634T priority patent/ATE189167T1/en
Priority to PCT/EP1997/005284 priority patent/WO1998017534A1/en
Priority to IL12904797A priority patent/IL129047A/en
Priority to AU46244/97A priority patent/AU715019C/en
Priority to PL97332737A priority patent/PL188459B1/en
Priority to CN97198927A priority patent/CN1095791C/en
Priority to NZ334931A priority patent/NZ334931A/en
Priority to US09/284,545 priority patent/US6321513B1/en
Priority to BR9712339-0A priority patent/BR9712339A/en
Priority to KR1019990703064A priority patent/KR20000049005A/en
Publication of EP0836998A1 publication Critical patent/EP0836998A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0836998B1 publication Critical patent/EP0836998B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B45/00—Apparatus or devices for supporting or holding wrappers during wrapping operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B47/00—Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved
    • B65B47/08—Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved by application of fluid pressure
    • B65B47/10—Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved by application of fluid pressure by vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B53/00—Shrinking wrappers, containers, or container covers during or after packaging

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for packaging Objects and / or objects and a device for Execution of the procedure.
  • objects or Objects including food, with packaging materials packed, which are elastic. Because of the state of the art packaging process are the areas of application of these packaging processes, in which objects or objects with elastic training Packaging materials are packed very much limited.
  • the prior art includes a packaging method (DE 39 08 585 C2) in which, for example, meat is packaged in elastic packaging material.
  • this method which is part of the prior art, rods are provided which are arranged in a circle or approximately in a circle, lying parallel or approximately parallel or also conically to one another.
  • the elastic packaging material is arranged in the form of a tube or bag on the outside of the circle formed by the rods. The meat is pushed between the bars.
  • stretching the packaging material Either the packaging material is already pre-stretched on the bars, i.e. the packaging material is stretched by mechanical means acting on the bars, or the packaging product has to be stretched by pushing the bars apart when pushed through the bars and the packaging material.
  • the packaging material When pushing through a piece of meat, for example along the bars, the packaging material is removed from the Rods pulled down.
  • the packaging film is included pressure on the meat from all sides Meat on.
  • the packaging film has a shape (tubular shape).
  • 197 belongs to the prior art Process for applying elastic covers to objects.
  • the pipe is opened Ends or in a container with an open end creates a negative pressure such that the elastic sleeve attaches itself to the pipe wall or container wall.
  • the elastic cover is used by the Cover, which is designed as a tube or bag with the open end or ends over the edge of the container is put up.
  • the elastic cover is stretched, see above that after being turned inside out, it stuck to the edge of the container or of the pipe.
  • the state of the art also includes according to the FR-A-79 019 88 a method for packaging objects, in which an elastic film each on a frame is arranged. A bell is pressed against the frame. A vacuum is built up in the bell. The bell has to with the frame a seal for the negative pressure to be generated achieve.
  • the object to be packed is placed in the bell.
  • the item to be packaged is also on one Underlay, for example a tray arranged.
  • the panel is connected to the frame. Then will the negative pressure is released and the packaging envelope is placed the object to be packaged.
  • the technical problem underlying the invention is a method of packaging items and / or objects, including food, after which the objects and / or objects on simple Way in an elastic packaging material can be packed using the elastic packaging material is stretched during the packaging process, and where the packaging material during the packaging process as evenly as possible and therefore low per unit area is charged to damage the packaging material to avoid. Furthermore, a procedure is said be specified in which the expansion means for the elastic Packaging material does not complete the packaging process hinder. In addition, the packaging material be stretched evenly and / or defined so that it after packing under a desired pressure to the to be packaged. It's supposed to be a packaging process be specified in which the elastic packaging material is stretched such that the elastic packaging material predefined forms to the different Requirements of different to be packaged Objects or objects to do justice to. Furthermore a packaging process is to be specified with which it is possible to pack objects or objects to pack in various areas. Furthermore should a procedure can be specified with which large quantities can be packed inexpensively. Beyond that specified a device for performing the method become.
  • elasticity becomes Packaging material in an atmospheric container Differential pressure exposed. In the container is between the packaging material and the container wall are under pressure generated. On the other side of the packaging material the external air pressure acts. This will make the elastic Packaging material stretched and the one to be packed Good is then on and / or under or in the stretched Packaging material arranged. Then will the negative pressure is released.
  • the elastic packaging material defers itself, at least to the extent that it is at least partially applied to the goods to be packaged.
  • the elastic packaging material for example Made from polyolefin elastomer or polyurethane elastomer and flat. It is possible to get one to use single-layer or multilayer film.
  • a multilayer film can have at least one film layer are made of a different material. For example is the combination with polyvinyl dichloride (PVDC) or Ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) possible to, for example, the To increase the gas barrier ability of the film.
  • PVDC polyvinyl dichloride
  • EVOH Ethylene vinyl alcohol
  • foils which have a layer thickness of between 20 and 200 ⁇ m.
  • the elasticity in the elastic area of the film is advantageously between 30% and 400%.
  • the expansion force is the external air pressure which acts on the entire surface of the packaging material by creating a negative pressure on the opposite side of the packaging material.
  • the external air pressure acts as an expansion force between 0 bar and almost 1 bar per cm 2 of packaging material.
  • Elasticity means taking it back automatically the old shape after changing shape. elasticity is the property of solid bodies, their lower ones Change in shape (deformation) after the application of force ceases (Brockhaus, 18th edition (anniversary edition)).
  • the inventive method has the advantage that very large quantities are packed according to the procedure can.
  • the method according to the invention has the further advantage on that the elastic packaging material during the stretching process by mechanical devices acting loads, such as bars, stretchers, rollers or the like, which is often damaging of the elastic packaging material.
  • the inventive method also has the Advantage that the expansion means the packaging process do not hinder.
  • the packaging material lays down to the goods to be packaged without mechanical expansion means between the packaging material and the goods to be packed would have to be removed.
  • the Air between the packaging material and the packaging Good is ousted.
  • the packaging material according to the inventive method by acting the external air pressure stretched extremely evenly.
  • the packaging material it is possible to process in the packaging material to make longitudinal and transverse expansions simultaneously. It is but also possible to make local overstretching to Example as edge protection for the goods to be packed or as protection for the packaging material. Beyond that it is possible to use the elastic packaging material at the Stretch to specify any shape that suits the packaging Are well adapted.
  • the packaging method according to the invention has this addition the advantage that it is basically in all packaging areas can be used.
  • a packaging material can be used which the product after packaging or already during the packaging process compressed or even multi-sided or all-sided printing on the packaged goods exercises what is advantageous when packing diapers, hygiene paper, Sanitary napkins or the like.
  • the volume of diapers can be according to the invention Compress procedure to half, which one enables considerable savings in logistics.
  • the air between the goods to be packed and automatically displaces the packaging material, which in particular when packaging food is desirable. This replaces the extremely complex state of the art Technology-related vacuum packaging processes in many Packagings.
  • the elastic packaging material according to the invention Packaging method is used, points these drawbacks don't.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to that the material is elastic during the packaging process is stretched, and then by the restoring forces of the packaging material automatically creates the goods to be packaged. According to the inventive method, it is possible elastic packaging material universal for many To use products.
  • the stability of a packaging mainly arises from the thickness of the packaging material after packaging.
  • the thickness of the packaging material during packaging doesn't matter that much.
  • the method relates to packaging of objects on elastic packaging material in various designs.
  • the hose is through the container led.
  • One open end of the hose is applied to the peripheral edge of the container or arranged overlapping such that between the outer surfaces of the hose and the inside of the container a room is formed in which a vacuum is produced.
  • the hose can be in with its open end unstretched or in a stretched state on the circumferential Edge of the container or overlapping it to be ordered.
  • the other end of the hose is in a feeder of the container arranged and can continuously from be withdrawn from a supply roll. That is advantageous Feeding device for the hose in an axially displaceable Pistons arranged in the container so that the Length of the container and thus the length of the packaging envelope can be varied by moving the piston. The piston can be locked in the container so that it is does not shift when external air pressure acts.
  • the piece of hose arranged in the container becomes expediently tightened before generating the piece of hose of the atmospheric negative pressure and action of the outside Air pressure is stretched by the supply roll on which the hose is arranged, is turned back.
  • This one has the advantage that the piece of hose in the container itself not wrinkled or curled when stretched or in any other uneven manner on the container wall creates.
  • a welding device is also expedient in the piston provided and a device for insertion a line of perforations. In the perforated places pieces of hose can be separated from the hose.
  • the piece of hose can be attached closed at one or both ends, in particular thermally be welded.
  • the container advantageously has holding means on the outside for the hose opening.
  • the holding means are expediently hook-shaped, and the hooks have away from the container.
  • the holding means pneumatic or hydraulic or electrically moved so that the hose opening with Tension on the hook and on and / or on the rotating Edge of the opening of the container lies and thus the space of the container seals against the outside space or approximately seals, such that between the hose and the Container a negative pressure can be generated.
  • the holding means can be parallel to the surface line of the for example, cylindrical or cuboid Container are moved. But it is also possible that Moving the holding means radially outward from the container.
  • the container is double-walled and a negative pressure in the cavity between the container walls can be generated.
  • the container points in the area of the container opening as a holding device for the edge of the Hose opening at least one further opening which the packaging material through the between the container walls generated vacuum is sucked and held.
  • the inner container wall determines the geometry of the Hose when a vacuum is created that big is that the hose due to the outside air pressure bears against the container wall.
  • the double-walled version has the further advantage that on the one hand the geometry of the outer wall of the container can be chosen so that it is stable enough around the atmospheric occurring when the negative pressure is generated Counteracting forces. Has proven to be beneficial proven, for example, a cylindrical shape.
  • the double-walled design of the container the advantage that with the same geometry the outer wall of the container differing from the inner walls of the container can be provided so that different Geometries specified for the packaging material can be. This way you can even difficult geometries are specified. Because the outer Air pressure over the packaging material only on the inside the inner wall of the container works, they build up here forces acting radially outward largely through against each other acting tensile forces in the inner wall of the container from. This can be used as a material for the inner wall of the container plastic instead of heavy steel become complicated so that on the one hand it is possible at all To specify geometries and the other way through considerable cost savings are achieved.
  • the inner walls of the container can be replaced be designed so that only one packaging device with a container outer wall is necessary to different geometries of the packaging material by means of To specify the inner wall of the container.
  • the inner wall of the container appropriately designed in a sieve shape. But it is also sufficient if the inner wall of the container is sufficient Has openings to an approximately equal pressure in the to ensure the entire interior of the container.
  • the in the Container generated negative pressure canceled out by at least the goods to be packed in the packaging material an opening when inserting the packaged Good is brought in.
  • an opening in the Packaging material will air into the room where the Vacuum was generated, so that the vacuum will be annulled.
  • This has the advantage that not from the the vacuum generating device the vacuum in the room must be canceled, but that automatically during the loading of the goods to be packaged Negative pressure is released.
  • This can, for example Photo sensors can be saved that a controller for Removal of the negative pressure should report that this is packing good is arranged in the packaging material.
  • the packaging material is designed as a flat film, this can be done individually or in groups be used.
  • this is according to the invention passed over the circumferential edge of a container, the container advantageously being trough-shaped is.
  • the flat film seals the space of the container the outside space, and there is a negative pressure in the container generated.
  • the external pressure acts by generating the negative pressure Air pressure on the flat film and this is stretched and in pressed the tub of the container.
  • the goods to be packaged can be placed on the stretched flat film.
  • the margins the flat film are then brought together. Then the side edges of the flat film are welded, and the atmospheric negative pressure is released. But it is also possible to first remove the atmospheric negative pressure and then weld the side edges together.
  • the side edges of the flat film can thermally with each other be welded. But it is also possible that Side edges of the flat film in a different way to connect with each other, for example gluing. In any In this case, a tube is obtained from the flat film.
  • the hose is advantageously separated into hose sections. Perforation lines are expedient for this in the tube brought in.
  • the ends of the flat film tube piece then also be closed.
  • the flat film is advantageously used by means of funding, such as chains, bands or the like.
  • the funding can also act as a sealant between the flat film and the peripheral edge of the container serve.
  • the stretching process carried out analogously to the stretching process with a flat film.
  • the goods to be packaged are placed between the flat films arranged.
  • the side edges of the flat foils are brought together and firmly connected.
  • a tableau is a plate-shaped material, is arranged on the goods to be packaged. It is possible to pack goods, which are arranged on the tray and is packed with an elastic flat film to be passed through a device that is a container has, in which the elastic flat film stretched becomes.
  • the tray becomes like this with the goods to be packaged arranged that the stretched flat film over the to be packaged Is well arranged in the container. After picking up of the negative pressure, the flat film attaches to the packing good.
  • the margins of the Flat film held mechanically at the edges of the panel.
  • the side edges of the flat film can now be used with the tableau be welded. In this way, for example Salmon are packed.
  • the container it is possible in the container to build up a vacuum so that the hose or the flat film is stretched up to the container wall and the geometry of the packaging material matches the wall of the container adjusts.
  • the packaging material for example, as Formed hose, this has a cylindrical shape on.
  • a tube with a square is used as a container Cross section chosen, so is the hose too a square shape in cross-section is imposed.
  • the packaging material however, remains the same in front of a hose.
  • the packaging material only partially abuts the wall of the container. This has that Advantage that in the event that the material is hardly on the Bears against the wall, the adhesive forces are greatly reduced be, whereby a continuous forward movement of the Packaging material in the container is possible. On the other hand is the shape of the packaging material by the partial concerns on the container wall are nevertheless determined.
  • the negative pressure it is also possible to use the negative pressure to choose so that the packaging material only so is stretched far that between the container wall and the Packaging material remains a distance.
  • the geometry of the stretched packaging material only by the one specified in the packaging material Geometry determines.
  • welds and / or perforation lines are beneficial curved so that the weld seam adapts to the packaged goods in the form.
  • the inventive method has the advantage that the goods to be packed during packing or after Packing process of the packaging material due to the restoring forces acting in the packaging material are compressed can be. This is advantageous, for example for packaging diapers, hygiene paper, sanitary napkins or the like used for transport, storage and sales take up very little space allowed to.
  • a large number of products are not or hardly compressible, but designed to be deformable.
  • the elastic packaging material will deform the Product, for example piece of meat, in a round or approximately round cross-sectional shape.
  • the container in which the packaging material is located is advantageous is stretched in its geometry Packaged goods adjusted. This means that, for example, at a packaged product with a round cross section Container also a round, opposite the packaged goods has somewhat enlarged cross section.
  • the geometry of the container can also be advantageous deviated from the goods to be packaged his. This means that one with a round cross section good to be packed the cross-section of the container for example be semicircular can. In this case, the bottom of the container is flat trained, which is advantageous when loading the packaging device can be.
  • Fig. 1 shows a container (1) in which one of a elastic film existing bag (2) is arranged.
  • the bag (2) is with the edge of its opening (3) on holding means (4, 5) attached.
  • the holding means (4, 5) point hook-shaped ends (6, 7) over which the edge (3a) of the Bag (2) is placed.
  • the edge tension holds the bag (2) with its edge (3a) on the hook (6 and 7) firmly.
  • the bag (2) is in the unstretched state a space (9) of the container (1).
  • the container (1) has an opening (10) and on the opposite Wall (11) bores (12, 13) as a connection to one Vacuum generating device (vacuum pump (109)).
  • a valve (106) is provided. Using the valve (106) the suction and intake of air from the room (9) and regulated in the room (9). For extracting air from the Room (9), the valve (106) is switched so that a Opening (107) through which air can flow in is closed and the vacuum pump (109) via lines (105, 108) sucks the air out of the room (9).
  • valve (106) provides a connection between the Opening (107) and the line (105) forth, so that air from the outside space can get into the room (9). During this Operation blocks a valve (106) the line (108) Vacuum pump (109).
  • a corresponding device can also be behind the Bore (13) may be provided. But it is also possible that Bore (13) via a line with line (105) connect.
  • Fig. 2 shows the bag (2) in the container (1).
  • the Holding means (4, 5) are hydraulic, pneumatic or electrically operated traction device (90) in Direction of arrow (A) moved over the rollers (91) provided and have the holding means (hooks (6, 7)) at Withdrawal so spread that the edge (3a) of the bag (2) is stretched such that the edge (3a) of the bag (2) the space (9) of the container (1) against the outside air (15) and thus seals against the external air pressure.
  • the object (19) is in the Bag (2), and the negative pressure in the space (9) of the Container (1) was lifted so that the bag (2) automatically due to its elasticity to the has inserted object (19), if necessary while exerting pressure on the object (19).
  • the air between the object (19) and the Bag (2) displaced.
  • the bag (2) is then removed from the holding means (4, 5) with its edge (3a) lifted off, and the packaged Item (19) can be removed from the container (1) through the opening (10) can be removed.
  • the holding means (4, 5) do not interfere, since they are in their attachment points the traction means (90) are articulated.
  • the container (1) four hook-shaped holding devices (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) on the opening (3) of the bag (2) with the help of Stretch traction means (90) and over the edge (8) of the container (1) pull.
  • the container (1) has in the present embodiment an approximately rectangular cross section Pack meat pieces airtight with the device to be able to.
  • the holding devices according to FIGS. 1 to 6 are can also be used for a packaging tube.
  • FIG. 7 is of a longer elastic Hose (26), which according to FIG. 9 from a supply roll (49) is removable, one piece of hose (26a) is used in each case.
  • the 7 is by a piston (24) in a container (23) the elastic hose into the space (36) for the inclusion of the packaging material.
  • the piston (24) has a feed opening (25) for this Hose section (26a).
  • the container (23) is with this Embodiment double-walled, but what is not mandatory.
  • the container (23) points between the Walls (27 and 37) on a cavity (28) in which over Lines (29) a negative pressure is generated.
  • the hose piece (26a) can again, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, by creating a negative pressure in the room (36) be stretched elastically.
  • This training can turn an object in the stretched elastic tube piece (26c) (dashed shown) are introduced.
  • This facility is particularly suitable when liquid or pasty objects inside the container should be placed in the packaging. With liquid or pasty objects, it is not necessary that the opening (31) the maximum diameter of the insert Object corresponds.
  • the inner wall of the double wall can in a further embodiment the invention (not shown) interchangeable be designed.
  • the bag (2) can be arranged.
  • the piston (24) can be moved in the direction of the arrow (B) trained so that different lengths of hose (26a) arranged in the container and corresponding Objects can be packed.
  • Fig. 8 shows the device with the piston (24) of the Fig. 7 in the continuation of the device to the left.
  • a seal (40) is provided for Sealing the space (36) with the hose outlet (103), in which a negative pressure is generated in relation to the outside air (39) is between the piston (24) and the container wall (37) .
  • the seal (40) is a hollow seal and can be inflatable, so that they used on the one hand to seal the room (36) can be, but also to determine the Piston (24) in its respective position.
  • the piece of hose (26a) is advantageous deducted from a supply roll (49).
  • the one from the supply roll (49) removed packaging tube (26) is in Directed by arrow (C) into a hose inlet (41).
  • a resilient sealing device (42) is provided here.
  • the external air pressure acts inside the hose section (26a) via the opening (31) (Fig. 7) on the hose piece (26a) and stretches it Hose section up to the position shown in dashed lines (26c) so that the piece of hose practically covers the space (36) fills out.
  • a welding rail (43) is arranged in the piston (24) and a perforation knife (44), which by means of a pneumatic cylinder (45) in the direction of the arrow (D) can be moved to between the tube piece (26a) and the supply hose (26) in an area (46) introduce a weld seam (47) and a perforation line.
  • the piston is in its space (36) facing side, starting from the hose outlet (103), expanding conically. But it is also possible to provide other designs of the piston (24).
  • a supply roll (49) Before generating of the negative pressure in the space (36) becomes the piece of hose (26a) tightened in the room (36) so that it does not become wrinkled and / or crumpled on the inner wall of the container (23) creates.
  • the supply roll (49) in the direction of the arrow (G) after the hose end (30) attached to the opening (31) of the container (23) is.
  • the supply roll (49) is on two rolls (50 and 51) stored, when removing the hose (26) from the Roller (49) are freely rotatable.
  • the roller (50) For tightening the hose (26) the roller (50) is turned back in the direction of the arrow (H), so that the supply roll (49) in the direction of the arrow (G) is moved back and the hose (26) is tightened. In that the roller (49) is driven by the roller (50) torque is always the same on the supply roll (49) regardless of the diameter of the roll (49), which depends on the remaining hose supply on the roll (49).
  • FIG 10, 11 and 12 show a container (52) in Trough shape, which has openings (53).
  • the openings (53) are connected to a device which enables that a vacuum is generated in the room (54) can.
  • Sealing lip (55) becomes an elastic flat film (58) in the direction of arrow (K), which is from a supply roll (49a) is removable.
  • the flat film (58) and that Container (52) delimit the space (54) in which a vacuum is produced.
  • the flat film (58) at least lays down partly on the inner wall (59) of the container (52) due to the negative pressure generated.
  • resulting depression (60) in the flat film due to its Elasticity can be an object to be packed (61) to be ordered.
  • the flat film is in the direction of arrow (92) (Fig. 12) moved by means of transport.
  • a means of transport 10 can be a plurality of pairs of rollers (65, 93) can be provided.
  • the room (54) and its means of transport are designed (Fig. 12) so that the edges (56, 57) of the flat film (58) converge in the area (M), see above that they there with the help of two welding rollers (94) in one Welding device (66) can be welded together. This creates a tube from the flat film in which the item (61) is located.
  • the hose is connected to the object (61) by a Lock (96) transported. After removing the negative pressure the flat film attaches itself to the packaging Object (61), as is the hose or bag have done according to the previous embodiments.
  • Fig. 13 shows the packaged item (61) in the still stretched tube (95) formed from the film (58).
  • the lock (96) can consist of overlapping rubber lips (97) (Fig. 14), which are in the transport direction of the packaged goods are designed to be flexible.
  • the device according to the invention two opposite containers (71, 72). At this training can two flat films (69, 70), which each assigned to a space (77, 78) of the container (71, 72) over which containers (71, 72) are guided.
  • the containers can in a further embodiment Invention can be designed as shown in Fig. 15.
  • the opposite containers have bulges (73, 74 and 75, 76) into which the flat foils (69, 70) are pulled when the negative pressure is generated.
  • the flat foils (69, 70) can be in the bulges (73, 74, 75, 76) are overstretched, as shown in FIG. 15 shown so that after releasing the negative pressure Flat films (69, 70) have overstretched points at which their restoring forces are almost zero.
  • This local Overstretching is desirable when the goods to be packaged For example, has edges on which the edge pressure after packaging with the flat films (69, 70) would be too large.
  • the overstretching of the flat films (69, 70) achieves that the edge pressure is specifically reduced and reduced can be.
  • An overstretching of the packaging material can be done with achieved all devices according to FIGS. 1 to 12 if you analog the bulges described (73, 74, 75, 76) on the containers according to Fig. 1 to Fig. 12 applies.
  • FIG. 16 shows a container as a further exemplary embodiment (79).
  • a room (80) of the container (79) an elastic glove (81) has been arranged.
  • Room (80) is in accordance with the embodiments of the Fig. 1 to 6 generates such a vacuum that the Glove (81) is stretched so far that one hand is comfortable can be introduced.
  • Through an opening (82) of the container (79) and through an opening (83) of the glove (81) can thus easily put a person's hand in the glove (81) are introduced. After lifting the underpressure then put the glove on your hand.
  • FIG. 16 is an electrically operated in the room (80) Heating coil (104) provided.
  • Heating coil (104) By means of this spiral (104) can the interior and thus the elastic Glove are heated so that when suitably chosen elastic glove material the material after laying on the glove is relaxed on the user's hand, therefore no lasting pressure on the user's hand exercises more.
  • FIG. 17 is a container (86), as in the 1 to 8 was shown, which is not special Holding and opening means for opening a Bag or hose has.
  • the edge of the bag or Hose is used by hand, for example the elasticity, as shown in Fig. 18, at the edge of the container (86) arranged.
  • FIG. 17 also shows an unstretched pouch (84) in the container (86).
  • the opening (85) of the bag (84) now has a larger diameter than the bag (84) itself.
  • FIGS. 17 and 18 can be easily made by using a film tube (99) (Fig. 19, 20) bags (98) along the line (100) punched out or cut and welded at the edges or are welded out (separation welding), which are separated at their respective broader ends (101) become.
  • a film tube (99) Fig. 19, 20
  • FIG. 21 shows the device according to FIG. 1, which however is modified here in such a way that after filling the object (19) in the container of the bag (2) Is pierced with the aid of a pointed object (102). With this training, the outside air suddenly penetrates the room (9), so that a very fast process and thus fast, successive packaging of objects becomes possible.
  • This training also has the advantage that, for example when the item to be packaged (19) is a skewer skewer, the wooden stick that the Pieces of meat are pushed, piercing the packaging bag can take over.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Vacuum Packaging (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Wrapping Of Specific Fragile Articles (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Container Filling Or Packaging Operations (AREA)
  • Buffer Packaging (AREA)

Abstract

The method relates to a method for packing articles and/or objects. Articles are packed in an elastic packing material (2) and the elastic packing material is stretched during the packing process. To achieve this, the packing material is arranged in a receptacle (1) in which a partial vacuum is produced. The packing material is stretched due to the pressure that the outside air exerts upon it. The item that is to be packed is then placed in or on the packing material. Once the vacuum has been removed the packing material automatically reverts back to its original position by virtue of its own elasticity and is applied to the packing items. The invention also relates to a device to carry out such a method.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verpacken von Gegenständen und/oder Objekten sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for packaging Objects and / or objects and a device for Execution of the procedure.

Nach dem Stand der Technik werden Gegenstände oder Objekte verschiedenster Art mit verschiedenen Verpackungsmaterialien verpackt. According to the state of the art, objects or objects of all kinds with different packaging materials packed up.

Gemäß dem Stand der Technik werden Gegenstände oder Objekte, unter anderem auch Lebensmittel, mit Verpackungsmaterialien verpackt, die elastisch ausgebildet sind. Aufgrund der zum Stand der Technik gehörenden Verpackungsverfahren sind die Einsatzgebiete dieser Verpackungsverfahren, bei dem Gegenstände oder Objekte mit elastisch ausgebildeten Verpackungsmaterialien verpackt werden, sehr eingeschränkt.According to the prior art, objects or Objects, including food, with packaging materials packed, which are elastic. Because of the state of the art packaging process are the areas of application of these packaging processes, in which objects or objects with elastic training Packaging materials are packed very much limited.

Die zum Stand der Technik gehörenden Verpackungsverfahren für eine Verpackung eines Gegenstandes oder Objektes mit einem elastischen Verpackungsmaterial werden zum einen mit Hilfe von Stretchern durchgeführt.The state-of-the-art packaging processes for packaging an object or object with an elastic packaging material on the one hand carried out with the help of stretchers.

Hierbei wird über die unterschiedlichen Laufgeschwindigkeiten von Rollen, zwischen denen das elastische Verpackungsmaterial geführt wird, eine Dehnung des elastischen Verpackungsmaterials erreicht. Nach dem Dehnen des Verpackungsmaterials wird der zu verpackende Gegenstand auf oder in dem Verpackungsmaterial angeordnet, und das elastische Verpackungsmaterial zieht sich durch seine Rückstellkräfte zusammen.This is about the different running speeds of rolls, between which the elastic packaging material is performed, an expansion of the elastic Packaging material reached. After stretching the packaging material the item to be packaged on or arranged in the packaging material, and that elastic packaging material runs through its Restoring forces together.

Dieses zum Stand der Technik gehörende Verfahren hat den Nachteil, daß durch das Dehnen des Verpackungsmaterials mittels der Rollen Beschädigungen des Verpackungsmaterials auftreten können.This has the prior art method the disadvantage that by stretching the packaging material damage to the packaging material by means of the rollers may occur.

Das zum Stand der Technik gehörende Verfahren ist darüber hinaus sehr teuer, da die mechanische Dehnung zum einen sehr schnell durchgeführt werden muß und zum anderen große Kräfte für die Dehnung aufgebracht werden müssen. The prior art method is moreover, very expensive because the mechanical expansion to one must be carried out very quickly and the other large forces have to be applied for the stretching.

Darüber hinaus hat das zum Stand der Technik gehörende Verpackungsverfahren den Nachteil, daß es kaum möglich ist, das Verpackungsmaterial mit Hilfe der Stretcher in die Länge und gleichzeitig in die Breite zu ziehen.In addition, it belongs to the state of the art Packaging process the disadvantage that it is hardly possible the packaging material with the help of the stretcher in the Length and width simultaneously.

Ein weiterer Nachteil bei diesem Verfahren ist, daß die aufzubringenden Dehnungskräfte das elastische Verpackungsmaterial in eine glatte, ebene Form ziehen, und damit eine gleichzeitige Formgebung des Verpackungsmaterials nicht möglich ist. Beispielsweise wird das als Flachfolie ausgebildete Verpackungsmaterial beim Dehnen größer. Es bleibt aber immer eine Flachfolie und bildet keine Form, zum Beispiel einen Schlauch oder dergleichen.Another disadvantage of this method is that the stretching forces to be applied the elastic packaging material pull into a smooth, flat shape, and thus a simultaneous shaping of the packaging material not possible. For example, this is called a flat film trained packaging material when stretching larger. But it always remains a flat film and does not form for example a hose or the like.

Weiterer Nachteil ist, daß die eingesetzte Kraft zum Dehnen des elastischen Verpackungsmaterials immer nur linienförmig an den Berührungspunkten zwischen den Rollen auf das Verpackungsmaterial wirkt. Bei diesem Verfahren wird also die gesamte notwendige Kraft zum Dehnen der gesamten Fläche des Verpackungsmaterials zwischen zwei Rollenpaaren an einer Stelle eingebracht. Dieses hat sehr häufig Beschädigungen zur Folge.Another disadvantage is that the force used to Only ever stretch the elastic packaging material linear at the points of contact between the rollers affects the packaging material. With this procedure will be the total force necessary to stretch the total area of packaging material between two Roll pairs introduced at one point. This has a lot often results in damage.

Zum anderen gehört zum Stand der Technik ein Verpackungsverfahren (DE 39 08 585 C2), bei dem beispielsweise Fleisch in elastischem Verpackungsmaterial verpackt wird. Bei diesem zum Stand der Technik gehörenden Verfahren sind Stäbe vorgesehen, die parallel oder annähernd parallel oder auch konisch zueinander liegend in einem Kreis oder annähernd einem Kreis angeordnet sind. Auf der Außenseite des durch die Stäbe gebildeten Kreises ist das elastische Verpackungsmaterial in Form eines Schlauches oder Beutels angeordnet. Das Fleisch wird zwischen den Stäben hindurchgeschoben. Für die Dehnung des Verpackungsmaterials gibt es nun zwei Möglichkeiten:
Entweder ist das Verpackungsmaterial schon auf den Stäben in vorgedehntem Zustand angeordnet, das heißt, daß das Verpackungsmaterial durch mechanische Mittel, die auf die Stäbe wirken, gedehnt wird, oder das Verpackungsprodukt muß beim Durchschieben durch die Stäbe eine Dehnung des elastischen Verpackungsmaterials durch Auseinanderdrücken der Stäbe und des Verpackungsmaterials bewirken.On the other hand, the prior art includes a packaging method (DE 39 08 585 C2) in which, for example, meat is packaged in elastic packaging material. In this method, which is part of the prior art, rods are provided which are arranged in a circle or approximately in a circle, lying parallel or approximately parallel or also conically to one another. The elastic packaging material is arranged in the form of a tube or bag on the outside of the circle formed by the rods. The meat is pushed between the bars. There are now two options for stretching the packaging material:
Either the packaging material is already pre-stretched on the bars, i.e. the packaging material is stretched by mechanical means acting on the bars, or the packaging product has to be stretched by pushing the bars apart when pushed through the bars and the packaging material.

Beim Durchschieben zum Beispiel eines Fleischstückes an den Stäben entlang wird das Verpackungsmaterial von den Stäben heruntergezogen. Die Verpackungsfolie legt sich mit einem auf das Fleisch allseitig wirkenden Druck an das Fleisch an.When pushing through a piece of meat, for example along the bars, the packaging material is removed from the Rods pulled down. The packaging film is included pressure on the meat from all sides Meat on.

Bei diesem Verfahren ist es zwar möglich, daß die Verpackungsfolie eine Form (Schlauchform) aufweist.With this method it is possible that the packaging film has a shape (tubular shape).

Jedoch hat dieses zum Stand der Technik gehörende Verfahren den Nachteil, daß das Verpackungsverfahren für viele Produkte nicht geeignet ist, weil die Dehnung der Stäbe und des Verpackungsmaterials durch das Produkt bewirkt werden muß. Als Beispiel ist hierbei das Verpacken von Windeln zu nennen, da die Windeln durch ihre Verformbarkeit nicht in der Lage sind, die Stäbe und das Verpackungsmaterial definiert auseinanderzudrücken. Beim Durchschieben stauchen sich die Windeln durch den entgegengestellten Druck zusammen, anstatt die Stäbe auseinanderzudrücken. However, this has been prior art the disadvantage that the packaging process for many Products is not suitable because of the stretching of the rods and of the packaging material can be caused by the product got to. One example is the packaging of diapers name because the diapers are not in are able to define the rods and packaging material apart. Squeeze when pushed through the diapers come together due to the opposing pressure, instead of pushing the bars apart.

Soll die Dehnung des Verpackungsmaterials durch die auf die Stäbe wirkenden mechanischen Mittel erfolgen, so daß beispielsweise Windeln verpackt werden können, so sind hierzu sehr aufwendige mechanische Konstruktionen notwendig.Should the stretching of the packaging material by the mechanical means acting on the rods, so that diapers can be packed, for example this requires very complex mechanical constructions.

Ein weiterer Nachteil dieses zum Stand der Technik gehörenden Verpackungsverfahrens besteht darin, daß die verwendeten Dehnungsmittel sich immer während des Verpakkungsvorganges innerhalb der Verpackung befinden und damit den Verpackungsvorgang stark behindern können.Another disadvantage of this prior art Packaging process is that the used Strainers are always present during the packaging process are inside the packaging and thus can severely hinder the packaging process.

Darüber hinaus hat dieses zum Stand der Technik gehörende Verfahren den Nachteil, daß es nur sehr langsam durchgeführt werden kann.In addition, this belongs to the state of the art Procedure has the disadvantage that it is very slow can be carried out.

Zum Stand der Technik gehört gemäß der LU-A-41 197 ein Verfahren zum Aufbringen von elastischen Hüllen auf Gegenstände. Gemäß diesem Verfahren wird in einem Rohr mit offenen Enden oder in einem Behältnis mit einem offenen Ende ein Unterdruck erzeugt, derart, daß die elastische Hülle sich an die Rohrwandung oder Behältniswandung anlegt. Zur Erzeugung des Unterdruckes ist es notwendig, daß die Öffnungen des Rohres oder Behältnisses abgedichtet werden. Hierzu wird die elastische Hülle verwendet, indem die Hülle, welche als Schlauch oder Beutel ausgebildet ist, mit dem oder den offenen Enden über den Rand des Behältnisses gestülpt wird. Hierzu wird die elastische Hülle gedehnt, so daß sie nach dem Umstülpen fest an dem Rand des Behältnisses oder des Rohres anliegt. According to LU-A-41, 197 belongs to the prior art Process for applying elastic covers to objects. According to this method, the pipe is opened Ends or in a container with an open end creates a negative pressure such that the elastic sleeve attaches itself to the pipe wall or container wall. For Generating the vacuum it is necessary that the openings of the pipe or container are sealed. For this, the elastic cover is used by the Cover, which is designed as a tube or bag with the open end or ends over the edge of the container is put up. For this purpose, the elastic cover is stretched, see above that after being turned inside out, it stuck to the edge of the container or of the pipe.

Dieses zum Stand der Technik gehörende Verfahren hat den Nachteil, daß der Schlauch oder der Beutel jeweils manuell mit seinem oder seinen Enden über den oder die Behältnisränder gestülpt werden muß. Hierzu ist ein sehr hoher Kraftaufwand erforderlich. Darüber hinaus ist wieder ein sehr hoher Kraftaufwand erforderlich, wenn der Beutel oder Schlauch von dem Behältnis oder dem Rohr gelöst werden soll. Durch die Rückstellkräfte des elastischen Materials sowie durch Adhäsionskräfte liegt der Beutel oder der Schlauch sehr fest an der Behältnis- oder Rohrwand an, so daß er nur sehr schwer lösbar ist.This has the prior art method the disadvantage that the hose or the bag each manually with his or her ends over or the container edges must be put up. This is a very high one Force required. Beyond that again a very high level of effort is required when the bag or hose can be detached from the container or the tube should. Through the restoring forces of the elastic material as well as by adhesive forces lies the bag or the Hose very firmly on the container or pipe wall, see above that it is very difficult to solve.

Darüber hinaus ist das zum Stand der Technik gehörende Verfahren sehr zeitaufwendig. Hohe Stückzahlen lassen sich auf diese Art und Weise beim Verpacken nicht erzielen.It is also part of the state of the art Procedure very time consuming. Large quantities can be not achieve in this way when packaging.

Zum Stand der Technik gehört darüber hinaus gemäß der FR-A-79 019 88 ein Verfahren zum Verpacken von Gegenständen, bei dem eine elastische Folie jeweils auf einem Rahmen angeordnet ist. Gegen den Rahmen wird eine Glocke gedrückt. In der Glocke wird ein Unterdruck aufgebaut. Die Glocke muß mit dem Rahmen eine Abdichtung für den zu erzeugenden Unterdruck erzielen.The state of the art also includes according to the FR-A-79 019 88 a method for packaging objects, in which an elastic film each on a frame is arranged. A bell is pressed against the frame. A vacuum is built up in the bell. The bell has to with the frame a seal for the negative pressure to be generated achieve.

Nachdem der Unterdruck in der Glocke aufgebaut ist, wird der zu verpackende Gegenstand in die Glocke eingebracht. Der zu verpackende Gegenstand ist ebenfalls auf einer Unterlage, beispielsweise einem Tableau angeordnet. Das Tableau wird mit dem Rahmen verbunden. Anschließend wird der Unterdruck aufgehoben und die Verpackungshülle legt sich an den zu verpackenden Gegenstand an. After the vacuum builds up in the bell, the object to be packed is placed in the bell. The item to be packaged is also on one Underlay, for example a tray arranged. The The panel is connected to the frame. Then will the negative pressure is released and the packaging envelope is placed the object to be packaged.

Dieses zum Stand der Technik gehörende Verfahren hat den Nachteil, daß der Materialaufwand sehr groß ist, da für jeden zu verpackenden Gegenstand ein Rahmen mit elastischer Folie erforderlich ist. Darüber hinaus ist ein schnelleres Verpacken größerer Stückzahlen nicht möglich. Weiterer Nachteil dieses Verfahrens ist, daß der verpackte Gegenstand zusammen mit dem Rahmen und der Unterlage ein größeres Volumen einnimmt als der verpackte Gegenstand selbst, was wiederum erhöhte Transport und Lagerkosten nach sich zieht. Dadurch, daß gemäß dem Stand der Technik für jeden zu verpackenden Gegenstand ein Rahmen erforderlich ist, ist dieses Verfahren recht teuer. Darüber hinaus ist für jeden zu verpackenden Gegenstand ein Rahmen in der entsprechenden Größe erforderlich, was das zum Stand der Technik gehörende Verfahren sehr aufwendig und kompliziert macht.This has the prior art method the disadvantage that the cost of materials is very large because for each item to be packaged has a frame with elastic Foil is required. It is also faster Packing larger quantities is not possible. Further The disadvantage of this method is that the packaged item together with the frame and the pad a larger one Takes up volume than the packaged item itself, which in turn increases transportation and storage costs pulls. The fact that according to the prior art for everyone item to be packaged requires a frame this procedure is quite expensive. It is also for everyone item to be packed a frame in the appropriate Size required, which is part of the state of the art The process is very time-consuming and complicated.

Das der Erfindung zugrunde liegende technische Problem besteht darin, ein Verfahren zum Verpacken von Gegenständen und/oder Objekten, unter anderem auch Lebensmitteln, anzugeben, nach dem die Gegenstände und/oder Objekte auf einfache Art und Weise in einem elastischen Verpackungsmaterial verpackt werden können, bei dem das elastische Verpackungsmaterial beim Verpackungsvorgang gedehnt wird, und bei dem das Verpackungsmaterial während des Verpackungsverfahrens möglichst gleichmäßig und dadurch gering je Flächeneinheit belastet wird, um Beschädigungen des Verpakkungsmaterials zu vermeiden. Weiterhin soll ein Verfahren angegeben werden, bei dem die Dehnungsmittel für das elastische Verpackungsmaterial den Verpackungsvorgang nicht behindern. Darüber hinaus soll das Verpackungsmaterial gleichmäßig und/oder definiert gedehnt werden, damit es sich nach dem Verpacken unter einem gewollten Druck an das zu verpackende Gut anlegt. Es soll ein Verpackungsverfahren angegeben werden, bei dem das elastische Verpackungsmaterial derart gedehnt wird, daß das elastische Verpakkungsmaterial vordefinierte Formen annimmt, um den verschiedenen Anforderungen unterschiedlicher zu verpackender Gegenstände oder Objekte gerecht zu werden. Darüber hinaus soll ein Verpackungsverfahren angegeben werden, mit dem es möglich ist, zu verpackende Gegenstände oder Objekte aus den verschiedensten Bereichen zu verpacken. Weiterhin soll ein Verfahren angegeben werden, mit dem hohe Stückzahlen kostengünstig verpackt werden können. Darüber hinaus soll eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens angegeben werden.The technical problem underlying the invention is a method of packaging items and / or objects, including food, after which the objects and / or objects on simple Way in an elastic packaging material can be packed using the elastic packaging material is stretched during the packaging process, and where the packaging material during the packaging process as evenly as possible and therefore low per unit area is charged to damage the packaging material to avoid. Furthermore, a procedure is said be specified in which the expansion means for the elastic Packaging material does not complete the packaging process hinder. In addition, the packaging material be stretched evenly and / or defined so that it after packing under a desired pressure to the to be packaged. It's supposed to be a packaging process be specified in which the elastic packaging material is stretched such that the elastic packaging material predefined forms to the different Requirements of different to be packaged Objects or objects to do justice to. Furthermore a packaging process is to be specified with which it is possible to pack objects or objects to pack in various areas. Furthermore should a procedure can be specified with which large quantities can be packed inexpensively. Beyond that specified a device for performing the method become.

Dieses technische Problem wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 1 sowie durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 36 gelöst.This technical problem is caused by the characteristics of the Claim 1 and solved by the features of claim 36.

Gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird elastisches Verpackungsmaterial in einem Behältnis einem atmosphärischen Differenzdruck ausgesetzt. In dem Behältnis wird zwischen dem Verpackungsmaterial und der Behältniswand ein Unterdruck erzeugt. Auf der anderen Seite des Verpackungsmaterials wirkt der äußere Luftdruck. Hierdurch wird das elastische Verpackungsmaterial gedehnt und das zu verpackende Gut wird anschließend auf und/oder unter oder in dem gedehnten Verpackungsmaterial angeordnet. Anschließend wird der Unterdruck aufgehoben. Das elastische Verpackungsmaterial stellt sich zurück, wenigstens so weit, daß es sich wenigstens teilweise an das zu verpackende Gut anlegt. According to the method according to the invention, elasticity becomes Packaging material in an atmospheric container Differential pressure exposed. In the container is between the packaging material and the container wall are under pressure generated. On the other side of the packaging material the external air pressure acts. This will make the elastic Packaging material stretched and the one to be packed Good is then on and / or under or in the stretched Packaging material arranged. Then will the negative pressure is released. The elastic packaging material defers itself, at least to the extent that it is at least partially applied to the goods to be packaged.

Das elastische Verpackungsmaterial wird beispielsweise aus Polyolefin-Elastomer oder Polyurethan-Elastomer hergestellt und flächenförmig ausgebildet. Es ist möglich, eine einschichtige oder mehrschichtige Folie zu verwenden. Bei einer mehrschichtigen Folie kann wenigstens eine Folienschicht aus einem anderen Material bestehen. Beispielsweise ist die Kombination mit Polyvinyldichlorid (PVDC) oder Ethylenvinylalkohol (EVOH) möglich, um zum Beispiel die Gasbarrierefähigkeit der Folie zu erhöhen.The elastic packaging material, for example Made from polyolefin elastomer or polyurethane elastomer and flat. It is possible to get one to use single-layer or multilayer film. At A multilayer film can have at least one film layer are made of a different material. For example is the combination with polyvinyl dichloride (PVDC) or Ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) possible to, for example, the To increase the gas barrier ability of the film.

Vorzugsweise werden bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren Folien eingesetzt, die eine Schichtdicke zwischen 20 und 200 µm aufweisen.
Die Dehnfähigkeit im elastischen Bereich der Folie liegt vorteilhaft zwischen 30 % und 400 %. Bei den meisten Verpackungen wird zweckmäßig mit einer Dehnung um 50 % bis 150 % gearbeitet.In the process according to the invention, preference is given to using foils which have a layer thickness of between 20 and 200 μm.
The elasticity in the elastic area of the film is advantageously between 30% and 400%. Most packaging expediently works with an elongation of 50% to 150%.

Gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wirkt als Dehnungskraft der äußere Luftdruck, der auf der gesamten Oberfläche des Verpackungsmaterials angreift, indem auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Verpackungsmaterials ein Unterdruck erzeugt wird. Je nachdem wie groß der Unterdruck ist, wirkt der äußere Luftdruck als Dehnungskraft zwischen 0 bar und fast 1 bar je cm2 des Verpackungsmaterials.According to the method according to the invention, the expansion force is the external air pressure which acts on the entire surface of the packaging material by creating a negative pressure on the opposite side of the packaging material. Depending on how large the negative pressure is, the external air pressure acts as an expansion force between 0 bar and almost 1 bar per cm 2 of packaging material.

Beispielsweise wirkt auf ein 10 cm x 10 cm großes Stück des Verpackungsmaterials ein Druck bis annähernd 100 kg, welcher ausreicht, auch die Dehnung von sehr starken elastischen Folien zu bewirken. For example, it acts on a 10 cm x 10 cm Piece of packaging material a print up to approximately 100 kg, which is sufficient, even the stretching of very strong ones to cause elastic foils.

Unter Elastizität versteht man das selbsttätige Wiedereinnehmen der alten Form nach Formänderung. Elastizität ist die Eigenschaft fester Körper, ihre unter äußerer Krafteinwirkung eingenommene Formänderung (Deformation) nach Aufhören der Krafteinwirkung wieder rückgängig zu machen (Brockhaus, 18. Auflage (Jubiläumsauflage)).Elasticity means taking it back automatically the old shape after changing shape. elasticity is the property of solid bodies, their lower ones Change in shape (deformation) after the application of force ceases (Brockhaus, 18th edition (anniversary edition)).

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren hat den Vorteil, daß sehr große Stückzahlen gemäß dem Verfahren verpackt werden können. Dadurch, daß das Verpackungsmaterial als Folienbahn oder Folienschlauch fortlaufend zugeführt wird und dadurch, daß das Verpackungsmaterial durch wenigstens ein mechanisches Mittel mit einem umlaufenden Rand wenigstens einer Öffnung des Behältnisses zu einem Dichten oder annähernd Dichten Verschluß gebracht wird. Dadurch, daß der erfindungsgemäße Verpackungsvorgang weitgehend maschinell abläuft, können sehr hohe Stückzahlen erreicht werden.The inventive method has the advantage that very large quantities are packed according to the procedure can. The fact that the packaging material as a film web or film tube is fed continuously and thereby that the packaging material by at least one mechanical Means with a peripheral edge of at least one Opening the container to a seal or approximately Tight closure is brought. The fact that the invention Packaging process is largely automated, very high quantities can be achieved.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren weist den weiteren Vorteil auf, daß das elastische Verpackungsmaterial während des Dehnungsvorganges keinen durch mechanische Vorrichtungen wirkenden Belastungen, wie Stäben, Stretchern, Rollen oder dergleichen ausgesetzt ist, die häufig zur Beschädigung des elastischen Verpackungsmaterials führen.The method according to the invention has the further advantage on that the elastic packaging material during the stretching process by mechanical devices acting loads, such as bars, stretchers, rollers or the like, which is often damaging of the elastic packaging material.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren hat darüber hinaus den Vorteil, daß die Dehnungsmittel den Verpackungsvorgang nicht behindern. Dadurch, daß das Verpackungsmaterial in einem Behältnis angeordnet wird, in dem ein Unterdruck erzeugt wird und dadurch, daß das Verpackungsmaterial durch den äußeren Luftdruck gedehnt wird, kann das zu verpackende Gut in einfacher Art und Weise auf und/oder unter oder in das Verpackungsmaterial eingebracht werden. Es stehen beispielsweise keine Stäbe oder dergleichen, die das Verpackungsmaterial dehnen sollen, im Wege. Der äußere Luftdruck als Dehnungskraft ist zwar vorhanden. Er stört aber nicht den Verpackungsvorgang.The inventive method also has the Advantage that the expansion means the packaging process do not hinder. The fact that the packaging material in is arranged in a container in which a negative pressure is generated is and in that the packaging material through the external air pressure is stretched, can be packaged Good in a simple way on and / or under or in the packaging material is introduced. For example, there are no rods or the like holding the packaging material should stretch in the way. The outer There is air pressure as an expansion force. He is disturbing but not the packaging process.

Nach Aufheben des Unterdruckes legt sich das Verpackungsmaterial an das zu verpackende Gut an, ohne daß mechanische Dehnungsmittel zwischen dem Verpackungsmaterial und dem zu verpackenden Gut entfernt werden müßten. Die Luft zwischen dem Verpackungsmaterial und dem zu verpackenden Gut wird verdrängt.After the negative pressure has been removed, the packaging material lays down to the goods to be packaged without mechanical expansion means between the packaging material and the goods to be packed would have to be removed. The Air between the packaging material and the packaging Good is ousted.

Darüber hinaus wird das Verpackungsmaterial gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren durch Wirken des äußeren Luftdruckes äußerst gleichmäßig gedehnt. Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist es möglich, in dem Verpackungsmaterial gleichzeitig Längs- und Querdehnungen vorzunehmen. Es ist aber auch möglich, lokale Überdehnungen vorzunehmen, zum Beispiel als Kantenschutz für das zu verpackende Gut oder als Schutz für das Verpackungsmaterial. Darüber hinaus ist es möglich, dem elastischen Verpackungsmaterial bei der Dehnung beliebige Formen vorzugeben, die dem zu verpackenden Gut angepaßt sind.In addition, the packaging material according to the inventive method by acting the external air pressure stretched extremely evenly. According to the invention It is possible to process in the packaging material to make longitudinal and transverse expansions simultaneously. It is but also possible to make local overstretching to Example as edge protection for the goods to be packed or as protection for the packaging material. Beyond that it is possible to use the elastic packaging material at the Stretch to specify any shape that suits the packaging Are well adapted.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verpackungsverfahren hat darüber hinaus den Vorteil, daß es grundsätzlich in allen Verpackungsbereichen eingesetzt werden kann. The packaging method according to the invention has this addition the advantage that it is basically in all packaging areas can be used.

Hierdurch ist es erst möglich, elastisches Verpackungsmaterial universell einzusetzen, was gemäß dem Stand der Technik nicht möglich ist.This makes it possible to use elastic packaging material universally use what according to State of the art is not possible.

Das bedeutet, daß die Vorteile des elastischen Verpackungsmaterials erstmalig in anderen Verpackungsbereichen als in den zum Stand der Technik gehörenden Verpackungsbereichen genutzt werden können.This means that the advantages of elastic packaging material for the first time in other packaging areas than in the packaging areas belonging to the state of the art can be used.

Zu den Vorteilen des elastischen Verpackungsmaterials gehört der Vorteil, daß nach dem Verpackungsvorgang das elastische Verpackungsmaterial durch die im Verpackungsmaterial aufgrund der Elastizität wirkenden Rückstellkräfte gleichmäßig und eng am zu verpackenden Gut anliegt.The advantages of elastic packaging material one of the advantages is that after the packaging process elastic packaging material through the in the packaging material due to the elasticity of the restoring forces lies evenly and closely on the goods to be packaged.

Darüber hinaus kann gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ein Verpackungsmaterial verwendet werden, welches das Produkt nach dem Verpacken oder schon während des Verpackungsvorganges komprimiert oder einen gleichmäßigen mehrseitigen oder allseitigen Druck auf das verpackte Gut ausübt, was vorteilhaft beim Verpacken von Windeln, Hygienepapier, Damenbinden oder dergleichen ist. Beispielsweise läßt sich das Volumen von Windeln gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bis auf die Hälfte komprimieren, welches erhebliche Einsparungen in der Logistik ermöglicht.In addition, according to the inventive method a packaging material can be used which the product after packaging or already during the packaging process compressed or even multi-sided or all-sided printing on the packaged goods exercises what is advantageous when packing diapers, hygiene paper, Sanitary napkins or the like. For example the volume of diapers can be according to the invention Compress procedure to half, which one enables considerable savings in logistics.

Darüber hinaus wird gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verpackungsverfahren die Luft zwischen dem zu verpackenden Gut und dem Verpackungsmaterial selbsttätig verdrängt, was insbesondere beim Verpacken von Lebensmitteln erwünscht ist. Dieses ersetzt die äußerst aufwendigen zum Stand der Technik gehörenden Vakuumverpackungsverfahren bei vielen Verpackungen.In addition, according to the packaging method according to the invention the air between the goods to be packed and automatically displaces the packaging material, which in particular when packaging food is desirable. This replaces the extremely complex state of the art Technology-related vacuum packaging processes in many Packagings.

Da allgemein jedes Verpackungsmaterial während des Verpackungsvorganges größer sein muß als das zu verpackende Gut, entstehen bei den zum Stand der Technik gehörenden Verpackungsmaterialien unnütze und unschöne Materialüberschüsse. Diese Materialüberschüsse können zum einen in zusätzlichen Arbeitsschritten durch Abschweißen, Abtrennen oder dergleichen entfernt werden. Diese Materialüberschüsse können aber auch durch Einschrumpfen oder Anlegen an dem Verpackungsmaterial kaschiert werden. Es ist auch möglich, diese Materialüberschüsse in unschöner Art und Weise an der Verpackung überstehen zu lassen, zum Beispiel bei Fleischvakuumverpackungen, was aber in den wenigsten Fällen gemacht wird. Hierdurch ergibt sich gemäß dem Stand der Technik der Nachteil, daß in den meisten Fällen ein zusätzlicher Arbeitsgang erforderlich ist, und daß darüber hinaus unerwünschte Materialabfälle vorhanden sind.Since generally every packaging material during the Packaging process must be larger than that to be packaged Well, arise with those belonging to the state of the art Packaging materials useless and unsightly excess material. These material surpluses can, on the one hand, result in additional Work steps by welding, cutting off or the like can be removed. This excess material can also by shrinking or attaching to the Packaging material are laminated. It is also possible, these excess material in an unsightly manner at the To let packaging survive, for example with meat vacuum packaging, but in very few cases is made. This results in accordance with the state of the Technique the disadvantage that in most cases a additional operation is required and that about it unwanted material waste is also present.

Das elastische Verpackungsmaterial, das gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verpackungsverfahren verwendet wird, weist diese Nachteile nicht auf.The elastic packaging material according to the invention Packaging method is used, points these drawbacks don't.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist es möglich, daß das Material während des Verpackungsverfahrens elastisch gedehnt wird, und daß anschließend durch die Rückstellkräfte des Verpackungsmaterials sich das Verpackungsmaterial an dem zu verpackenden Gut selbsttätig anlegt. Gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist es möglich, das elastische Verpackungsmaterial universell für viele Produkte zu nutzen. The method according to the invention makes it possible to that the material is elastic during the packaging process is stretched, and then by the restoring forces of the packaging material automatically creates the goods to be packaged. According to the inventive method, it is possible elastic packaging material universal for many To use products.

Hierbei wird folgendes erreicht:
Bei der Dehnung wird das Verpackungsmaterial in seiner Schichtdicke dünner. Bei der Rückstellung des Verpackungsmaterials entstehen keine Materialüberschüsse, sondern das Verpackungsmaterial wird in seiner Schichtdicke wieder dicker und erlangt damit die für das Verpacken erforderliche Schichtdicke. Es entsteht kein Materialüberschuß. Auf diese Art und Weise wird eine Materialersparnis gegenüber dem Stand der Technik von bis zu 50 % erreicht.The following is achieved here:
When stretching, the packaging material becomes thinner in its layer thickness. When the packaging material is reset, there is no excess material, but the packaging material becomes thicker again and thus attains the layer thickness required for packaging. There is no excess material. In this way, material savings of up to 50% compared to the prior art are achieved.

Die Stabilität einer Verpackung ergibt sich überwiegend aus der Dicke des Verpackungsmaterials nach dem Verpacken. Die Dicke des Verpackungsmaterials während des Verpackens spielt keine so erhebliche Rolle.The stability of a packaging mainly arises from the thickness of the packaging material after packaging. The thickness of the packaging material during packaging doesn't matter that much.

Erfindungsgemäß bezieht sich das Verfahren zum Verpacken von Gegenständen auf elastisches Verpackungsmaterial in verschiedensten Ausführungen.According to the invention, the method relates to packaging of objects on elastic packaging material in various designs.

Im folgenden werden Verfahren zum Verpacken von Gütern in Verpackungsmaterialien beschrieben, welche als elastischer Schlauch oder als elastische Flachfolie ausgebildet sind.The following are procedures for packaging goods described in packaging materials, which as elastic Hose or formed as an elastic flat film are.

1. Schlauch1. Hose

Ist das elastische Verpackungsmaterial als Schlauch mit zwei offenen Enden ausgebildet, wird der Schlauch durch das Behältnis geführt. Das eine offene Ende des Schlauches wird an dem umlaufenden Rand des Behältnisses anliegend oder diesen übergreifend angeordnet, derart, daß zwischen den Außenflächen des Schlauches und der Innenseite des Behältnisses ein Raum gebildet wird, in dem ein Unterdruck erzeugt wird. Der Schlauch kann mit seinem offenen Ende in ungedehntem oder auch in gedehntem Zustand an dem umlaufenden Rand des Behältnisses anliegend oder diesen übergreifend angeordnet werden.Is the elastic packaging material as a tube formed with two open ends, the hose is through the container led. One open end of the hose is applied to the peripheral edge of the container or arranged overlapping such that between the outer surfaces of the hose and the inside of the container a room is formed in which a vacuum is produced. The hose can be in with its open end unstretched or in a stretched state on the circumferential Edge of the container or overlapping it to be ordered.

Das andere Ende des Schlauches ist in einer Zuführeinrichtung des Behältnisses angeordnet und kann fortlaufend von einer Vorratsrolle abgezogen werden. Vorteilhaft ist die Zuführeinrichtung für den Schlauch in einem axial verschiebbaren Kolben in dem Behältnis angeordnet, so daß die Länge des Behältnisses und damit die Länge der Verpackungshülle durch Verschieben des Kolbens variiert werden kann. Der Kolben ist in dem Behältnis feststellbar, damit er sich nicht bei Wirken des äußeren Luftdruckes verschiebt.The other end of the hose is in a feeder of the container arranged and can continuously from be withdrawn from a supply roll. That is advantageous Feeding device for the hose in an axially displaceable Pistons arranged in the container so that the Length of the container and thus the length of the packaging envelope can be varied by moving the piston. The piston can be locked in the container so that it is does not shift when external air pressure acts.

Das in dem Behältnis angeordnete Schlauchstück wird zweckmäßig gestrafft, bevor das Schlauchstück durch Erzeugen des atmosphärischen Unterdruckes und Wirken des äußeren Luftdruckes gedehnt wird, indem die Vorratsrolle, auf der der Schlauch angeordnet ist, zurückgedreht wird. Dieses hat den Vorteil, daß das Schlauchstück in dem Behältnis sich bei der Dehnung nicht faltig oder gewellt oder in einer anderen ungleichmäßigen Art und Weise an die Behältniswand anlegt.The piece of hose arranged in the container becomes expediently tightened before generating the piece of hose of the atmospheric negative pressure and action of the outside Air pressure is stretched by the supply roll on which the hose is arranged, is turned back. This one has the advantage that the piece of hose in the container itself not wrinkled or curled when stretched or in any other uneven manner on the container wall creates.

Durch Erzeugen eines Unterdruckes und Wirken des äußeren Luftdruckes wird das in dem Behältnis angeordnete Schlauchstück gedehnt, und das zu verpackende Gut kann in den Schlauch eingebracht werden. Anschließend wird der Unterdruck aufgehoben. Das Verpackungsmaterial stellt sich durch seine Elastizität zurück und verdrängt hierbei die Luft zwischen dem Verpackungsgut und dem Verpackungsmaterial. Das Schlauchstück legt sich selbsttätig an das eingebrachte, zu verpackende Gut an.By creating a vacuum and working the outside Air pressure is that which is arranged in the container Stretched tube piece, and the goods to be packaged can the hose can be inserted. Then the Negative pressure released. The packaging material turns up through its elasticity and thereby displaces the Air between the packaged goods and the packaging material. The piece of hose attaches itself automatically to the inserted Good to be packed.

Zweckmäßig ist in dem Kolben zusätzlich eine Schweißvorrichtung vorgesehen sowie eine Vorrichtung zum Einbringen einer Perforationslinie. An den perforierten Stellen können Schlauchstücke von dem Schlauch abgetrennt werden.A welding device is also expedient in the piston provided and a device for insertion a line of perforations. In the perforated places pieces of hose can be separated from the hose.

Je nach zu verpackendem Gut kann das Schlauchstück an einem oder an beiden Enden verschlossen, insbesondere thermisch verschweißt werden.Depending on the goods to be packaged, the piece of hose can be attached closed at one or both ends, in particular thermally be welded.

Wird das Schlauchstück mit dem verpackten Gut aus dem Behältnis herausgezogen, zieht sich automatisch der nachfolgende Schlauch nach, derart, daß wieder ein Schlauchstück in dem Behältnis angeordnet ist und mit dem offenen Ende an dem umlaufenden Rand des Behältnisses angeordnet werden kann.If the piece of hose with the packaged goods from the If the container is pulled out, the next one will automatically pull out Hose after, so that again a piece of hose is arranged in the container and with the open End arranged on the peripheral edge of the container can be.

Vorteilhaft weist das Behältnis an der Außenseite Haltemittel für die Schlauchöffnung auf. Die Haltemittel sind zweckmäßig hakenförmig ausgebildet, und die Haken weisen von dem Behältnis weg. Nachdem der Schlauch mit der Öffnung des offenen Endes auf den Haltemitteln angeordnet ist, werden die Haltemittel pneumatisch oder hydraulisch oder elektrisch derart bewegt, daß die Schlauchöffnung mit Spannung an den Haken und auf und/oder an dem umlaufenden Rand der Öffnung des Behältnisses liegt und somit den Raum des Behältnisses gegen den Außenraum abdichtet oder annähernd abdichtet, derart, daß zwischen dem Schlauch und dem Behältnis ein Unterdruck erzeugt werden kann.The container advantageously has holding means on the outside for the hose opening. The holding means are expediently hook-shaped, and the hooks have away from the container. After the hose with the opening the open end is arranged on the holding means the holding means pneumatic or hydraulic or electrically moved so that the hose opening with Tension on the hook and on and / or on the rotating Edge of the opening of the container lies and thus the space of the container seals against the outside space or approximately seals, such that between the hose and the Container a negative pressure can be generated.

Die Haltemittel können parallel zur Mantellinie des beispielsweise zylinder- oder quaderförmig ausgebildeten Behältnisses bewegt werden. Es ist aber auch möglich, die Haltemittel radial nach außen von dem Behältnis wegzubewegen.The holding means can be parallel to the surface line of the for example, cylindrical or cuboid Container are moved. But it is also possible that Moving the holding means radially outward from the container.

Eine weitere Haltemöglichkeit für den Schlauch besteht darin, daß das Behältnis doppelwandig ausgebildet ist und in dem Hohlraum zwischen den Behältniswänden ein Unterdruck erzeugbar ist. Das Behältnis weist im Bereich der Behältnisöffnung als Haltevorrichtung für den Rand der Schlauchöffnung wenigstens eine weitere Öffnung auf, durch die das Verpackungsmaterial durch den zwischen den Behältniswänden erzeugten Unterdruck angesaugt und gehalten wird.Another possibility for holding the hose is in that the container is double-walled and a negative pressure in the cavity between the container walls can be generated. The container points in the area of the container opening as a holding device for the edge of the Hose opening at least one further opening which the packaging material through the between the container walls generated vacuum is sucked and held.

Die innere Behältniswand bestimmt die Geometrie des Schlauches, wenn ein Unterdruck erzeugt wird, der so groß ist, daß sich der Schlauch aufgrund des äußeren Luftdruckes an die Behältniswand anlegt.The inner container wall determines the geometry of the Hose when a vacuum is created that big is that the hose due to the outside air pressure bears against the container wall.

Die doppelwandige Ausführung hat den weiteren Vorteil, daß zum einen die Geometrie der äußeren Wand des Behältnisses derart gewählt werden kann, daß sie stabil genug ist, um den bei Erzeugen des Unterdruckes auftretenden atmosphärischen Kräften entgegenzuwirken. Als vorteilhaft hat sich beispielsweise eine zylindrische Form erwiesen.The double-walled version has the further advantage that on the one hand the geometry of the outer wall of the container can be chosen so that it is stable enough around the atmospheric occurring when the negative pressure is generated Counteracting forces. Has proven to be beneficial proven, for example, a cylindrical shape.

Zum anderen hat die doppelwandige Ausbildung des Behältnisses den Vorteil, daß bei gleichbleibender Geometrie der Außenwand des Behältnisses hiervon abweichende Behältnisinnenwände vorgesehen werden können, so daß unterschiedliche Geometrien für das Verpackungsmaterial vorgegeben werden können. Auf diese Art und Weise können selbst schwierigste Geometrien vorgegeben werden. Da der äußere Luftdruck über das Verpackungsmaterial nur auf die Innenseite der Behältnisinnenwand wirkt, bauen sich die hierbei radial nach außen wirkenden Kräfte größtenteils durch gegeneinander wirkende Zugkräfte in der Behältnisinnenwand ab. Hierdurch kann als Material für die Behältnisinnenwand anstelle von schwerem Stahl zum Beispiel Kunststoff verwendet werden, so daß es zum einen überhaupt möglich ist, komplizierte Geometrien vorzugeben und zum anderen hierdurch eine erhebliche Kostenersparnis erzielt wird.Secondly, the double-walled design of the container the advantage that with the same geometry the outer wall of the container differing from the inner walls of the container can be provided so that different Geometries specified for the packaging material can be. This way you can even difficult geometries are specified. Because the outer Air pressure over the packaging material only on the inside the inner wall of the container works, they build up here forces acting radially outward largely through against each other acting tensile forces in the inner wall of the container from. This can be used as a material for the inner wall of the container plastic instead of heavy steel become complicated so that on the one hand it is possible at all To specify geometries and the other way through considerable cost savings are achieved.

Darüber hinaus können die Behältnisinnenwände austauschbar gestaltet sein, so daß nur eine Verpackungsvorrichtung mit einer Behältnisaußenwand notwendig ist, um verschiedene Geometrien dem Verpackungsmaterial mittels der Behältnisinnenwand vorzugeben.In addition, the inner walls of the container can be replaced be designed so that only one packaging device with a container outer wall is necessary to different geometries of the packaging material by means of To specify the inner wall of the container.

Bei der doppelwandigen Ausführung ist die Behältnisinnenwand zweckmäßig siebförmig ausgestaltet. Es ist aber auch ausreichend, wenn die Behältnisinnenwand ausreichend Öffnungen aufweist, um einen annähernd gleichen Druck im gesamten Innenraum des Behältnisses zu gewährleisten.In the double-walled version, the inner wall of the container appropriately designed in a sieve shape. But it is also sufficient if the inner wall of the container is sufficient Has openings to an approximately equal pressure in the to ensure the entire interior of the container.

Bei bestimmten Packgütern wird zweckmäßig der in dem Behältnis erzeugte Unterdruck dadurch aufgehoben, daß durch das zu verpackende Gut in dem Verpackungsmaterial wenigstens eine Öffnung beim Einbringen des zu verpackenden Gutes eingebracht wird. Durch die eingebrachte Öffnung im Verpackungsmaterial wird Luft in den Raum, in dem der Unterdruck erzeugt wurde, einströmen, so daß der Unterdruck aufgehoben wird. Dieses hat den Vorteil, daß nicht von der den Unterdruck erzeugenden Vorrichtung der Unterdruck in dem Raum aufgehoben werden muß, sondern daß automatisch während des Einbringens des zu verpackenden Gutes der Unterdruck aufgehoben wird. Hierdurch können beispielsweise Fotosensoren eingespart werden, die einer Steuerung zur Aufhebung des Unterdruckes melden müßten, daß das zu verpackende Gut in dem Verpackungsmaterial angeordnet ist.For certain packaged goods, the in the Container generated negative pressure canceled out by at least the goods to be packed in the packaging material an opening when inserting the packaged Good is brought in. Through the opening in the Packaging material will air into the room where the Vacuum was generated, so that the vacuum will be annulled. This has the advantage that not from the the vacuum generating device the vacuum in the room must be canceled, but that automatically during the loading of the goods to be packaged Negative pressure is released. This can, for example Photo sensors can be saved that a controller for Removal of the negative pressure should report that this is packing good is arranged in the packaging material.

2. Flachfolie2. Flat film

Ist das Verpackungsmaterial als Flachfolie ausgebildet, so kann diese einzeln oder zu mehreren gleichzeitig verwendet werden.If the packaging material is designed as a flat film, this can be done individually or in groups be used.

2a) Einzelverwendung der Flachfolie2a) Single use of the flat film

Bei Verwendung einer Flachfolie wird diese erfindungsgemäß über den umlaufenden Rand eines Behältnisses geführt, wobei das Behältnis vorteilhaft wannenförmig ausgebildet ist. Die Flachfolie dichtet den Raum des Behältnisses gegen den Außenraum ab, und in dem Behältnis wird ein Unterdruck erzeugt. Durch Erzeugen des Unterdruckes wirkt der äußere Luftdruck auf die Flachfolie und diese wird gedehnt und in die Wanne des Behältnisses gedrückt. Das zu verpackende Gut kann auf die gedehnte Flachfolie gelegt werden. Die Seitenränder der Flachfolie werden anschließend zusammengeführt. Anschließend werden die Seitenränder der Flachfolie verschweißt, und der atmosphärische Unterdruck wird aufgehoben. Es ist aber auch möglich, erst den atmosphärischen Unterdruck aufzuheben und dann die Seitenränder zu verschweißen.When using a flat film, this is according to the invention passed over the circumferential edge of a container, the container advantageously being trough-shaped is. The flat film seals the space of the container the outside space, and there is a negative pressure in the container generated. The external pressure acts by generating the negative pressure Air pressure on the flat film and this is stretched and in pressed the tub of the container. The goods to be packaged can be placed on the stretched flat film. The margins the flat film are then brought together. Then the side edges of the flat film are welded, and the atmospheric negative pressure is released. But it is also possible to first remove the atmospheric negative pressure and then weld the side edges together.

Die Seitenränder der Flachfolie können thermisch miteinander verschweißt werden. Es ist aber auch möglich, die Seitenränder der Flachfolie auf andere Art und Weise fest miteinander zu verbinden, beispielsweise zu kleben. Auf jeden Fall erhält man aus der Flachfolie einen Schlauch.The side edges of the flat film can thermally with each other be welded. But it is also possible that Side edges of the flat film in a different way to connect with each other, for example gluing. In any In this case, a tube is obtained from the flat film.

Vorteilhaft wird der Schlauch in Schlauchstücke getrennt. Zweckmäßig werden hierzu in den Schlauch Perforationslinien eingebracht.The hose is advantageously separated into hose sections. Perforation lines are expedient for this in the tube brought in.

Nach Bedarf können die Enden des Flachfolienschlauchstückes anschließend ebenfalls verschlossen werden.If necessary, the ends of the flat film tube piece then also be closed.

Gemäß diesem Verfahren ist es möglich, die Flachfolie kontinuierlich oder getaktet durch die Verpackungsvorrichtung zu führen.According to this method, it is possible to use the flat film continuously or clocked by the packaging device respectively.

Die Flachfolie wird vorteilhaft mittels Fördermitteln, wie Ketten, Bändern oder dergleichen geführt.The flat film is advantageously used by means of funding, such as chains, bands or the like.

Die Fördermittel können gleichzeitig als Dichtmittel zwischen der Flachfolie und dem umlaufenden Rand des Behältnisses dienen.The funding can also act as a sealant between the flat film and the peripheral edge of the container serve.

2b) Verwendung von mehreren Flachfolien2b) Use of several flat foils

Bei Verwendung von wenigstens zwei Flachfolien sind vorteilhaft wenigstens zwei sich gegenüberliegende Behältnisse angeordnet. Grundsätzlich wird der Dehnungsvorgang analog dem Dehnungsvorgang mit einer Flachfolie durchgeführt. Das zu verpackende Gut wird zwischen den Flachfolien angeordnet. Die Seitenränder der Flachfolien werden zusammengeführt und miteinander fest verbunden.When using at least two flat foils advantageously at least two opposing containers arranged. Basically, the stretching process carried out analogously to the stretching process with a flat film. The goods to be packaged are placed between the flat films arranged. The side edges of the flat foils are brought together and firmly connected.

2c) Tableauverpackung2c) tray packaging

Ein Tableau ist ein plattenförmig ausgebildetes Material, auf dem zu verpackendes Gut angeordnet wird. Es ist möglich, zu verpackendes Gut, welches auf dem Tableau angeordnet ist und mit einer elastischen Flachfolie verpackt werden soll, durch eine Vorrichtung zu führen, die ein Behältnis aufweist, in dem die elastische Flachfolie gedehnt wird. Das Tableau wird mit dem zu verpackenden Gut derart angeordnet, daß die gedehnte Flachfolie über dem zu verpackenden Gut in dem Behältnis angeordnet ist. Nach Aufheben des Unterdruckes legt sich die Flachfolie an dem zu verpackenden Gut an. Hierbei werden die Seitenränder der Flachfolie an den Rändern des Tableaus mechanisch gehalten. Die Seitenränder der Flachfolie können nun mit dem Tableau verschweißt werden. Auf diese Art und Weise können beispielsweise Lachse verpackt werden.A tableau is a plate-shaped material, is arranged on the goods to be packaged. It is possible to pack goods, which are arranged on the tray and is packed with an elastic flat film to be passed through a device that is a container has, in which the elastic flat film stretched becomes. The tray becomes like this with the goods to be packaged arranged that the stretched flat film over the to be packaged Is well arranged in the container. After picking up of the negative pressure, the flat film attaches to the packing good. The margins of the Flat film held mechanically at the edges of the panel. The side edges of the flat film can now be used with the tableau be welded. In this way, for example Salmon are packed.

3. Allgemeines3. General

Gemäß der Erfindung ist es möglich, in dem Behältnis einen Unterdruck aufzubauen, derart, daß der Schlauch oder die Flachfolie bis an die Behältniswand gedehnt werden und die Geometrie des Verpackungsmaterials sich der Behältniswand anpaßt. Ist das Verpackungsmaterial beispielsweise als Schlauch ausgebildet, weist dieser eine zylindrische Form auf. Wird hierzu als Behältnis ein Rohr mit einem quadratischen Querschnitt gewählt, so wird dem Schlauch ebenfalls eine im Querschnitt quadratische Form aufgezwängt. Im Längsverlauf bleibt das Verpackungsmaterial aber nach wie vor ein Schlauch.According to the invention, it is possible in the container to build up a vacuum so that the hose or the flat film is stretched up to the container wall and the geometry of the packaging material matches the wall of the container adjusts. Is the packaging material, for example, as Formed hose, this has a cylindrical shape on. A tube with a square is used as a container Cross section chosen, so is the hose too a square shape in cross-section is imposed. in the The packaging material, however, remains the same in front of a hose.

Es ist aber auch möglich, daß das Verpackungsmaterial nur teilweise an der Behältniswand anliegt. Dieses hat den Vorteil, daß für den Fall, daß das Material kaum an der Wand anliegt, die Adhäsionskräfte sehr stark verringert werden, wodurch ein kontinuierliches Vorwärtsbewegen des Verpackungsmaterials in dem Behältnis möglich ist. Andererseits wird die Form des Verpackungsmaterials durch das teilweise Anliegen an der Behältniswand trotzdem bestimmt.But it is also possible that the packaging material only partially abuts the wall of the container. This has that Advantage that in the event that the material is hardly on the Bears against the wall, the adhesive forces are greatly reduced be, whereby a continuous forward movement of the Packaging material in the container is possible. On the other hand is the shape of the packaging material by the partial concerns on the container wall are nevertheless determined.

Wird als Verpackungsmaterial beispielsweise wieder ein Schlauch gewählt und als Behältnis ein im Querschnitt quadratisches Rohr, so liegt der Schlauch in diesem Fall nur teilweise an den Seitenwänden des im Querschnitt quadratischen Rohres an. Der Schlauch legt sich dabei nicht voll in die Ecken, sondern überspannt diese radial.Will be used again as packaging material, for example Chosen hose and as a container a square in cross section Pipe, so the hose is only in this case partly on the side walls of the square cross section Pipe. The hose does not lie fully in the process the corners, but spans them radially.

Es ist gemäß der Erfindung aber auch möglich, den Unterdruck so zu wählen, daß das Verpackungsmaterial nur so weit gedehnt wird, daß zwischen der Behältniswand und dem Verpackungsmaterial ein Abstand bleibt. In diesem Fall wird die Geometrie des gedehnten Verpackungsmaterials ausschließlich durch die dem Verpackungsmaterial vorgegebene Geometrie bestimmt.However, according to the invention it is also possible to use the negative pressure to choose so that the packaging material only so is stretched far that between the container wall and the Packaging material remains a distance. In this case the geometry of the stretched packaging material only by the one specified in the packaging material Geometry determines.

Bei verschiedenen Verpackungen ist es zweckmäßig, Schweißnähte und/oder Perforationslinien einzubringen. Die in den Schlauch sowie das Flachfolienschlauchstück einzubringenden Schweißnähte oder Perforationslinien werden vorteilhaft gebogen ausgebildet, so daß sich die Schweißnaht dem verpackten Gut in der Form anpaßt.With various types of packaging, it is advisable Introduce welds and / or perforation lines. The to be inserted into the tube and the flat film tube piece Welds or perforation lines are beneficial curved so that the weld seam adapts to the packaged goods in the form.

4. Elastische Rückstellkräfte4. Elastic restoring forces

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren hat den Vorteil, daß das zu verpackende Gut während des Verpackens oder nach dem Verpackungsvorgang von dem Verpackungsmaterial aufgrund der im Verpackungsmaterial wirkenden Rückstellkräfte komprimiert werden kann. Dieses ist beispielsweise vorteilhaft für das Verpacken von Windeln, Hygienepapier, Damenbinden oder dergleichen, die für den Transport, die Lagerung und den Verkauf nur einen sehr geringen Platzbedarf haben dürfen.The inventive method has the advantage that the goods to be packed during packing or after Packing process of the packaging material due to the restoring forces acting in the packaging material are compressed can be. This is advantageous, for example for packaging diapers, hygiene paper, sanitary napkins or the like used for transport, storage and sales take up very little space allowed to.

Eine Vielzahl von Produkten ist nicht oder kaum komprimierbar, jedoch verformbar ausgebildet. Durch das elastische Verpackungsmaterial wird eine Verformung des Produktes, beispielsweise Fleischstückes, in eine runde oder annähernd runde Querschnittsform erreicht.A large number of products are not or hardly compressible, but designed to be deformable. By the elastic packaging material will deform the Product, for example piece of meat, in a round or approximately round cross-sectional shape.

Bei Produkten, die weder komprimierbar noch leicht verformbar sind, ist das enge Anliegen der Verpackungsfolie und die damit erreichte Materialersparnis erwünscht, beispielsweise bei Getränkedosen im Sechserpack.For products that are neither compressible nor lightweight are deformable is the close concern of the packaging film and the material savings achieved are desirable, for example for beverage cans in a six-pack.

Sollen nach dem Verpackungsvorgang keine weiteren Rückstellkräfte oder nur beschränkte Rückstellkräfte des Verpackungsmaterials auf das zu verpackende Gut wirken, gibt es drei Möglichkeiten:

  • a) Zum einen kann die Verpackung an das zu verpackende Gut derart angepaßt werden, daß nach dem Verpackungsvorgang die Rückstellkräfte des Verpackungsmaterials gleich Null oder annähernd gleich Null sind.
  • b) Weiterhin ist es möglich, beim Dehnen des Verpackungsmaterials Überdehnungen des Verpackungsmaterials vorzunehmen, die zweckmäßig als lokale Überdehnungen ausgebildet sind. Hierbei wird erreicht, daß beispielsweise im Bereich von Kanten des zu verpackenden Gutes die Rückstellkräfte des elastischen Verpackungsmaterials Null oder annähernd Null sind, so daß hierdurch ein Kantenschutz des zu verpackenden Gutes erreicht wird. Beispielsweise ist dieses beim Verpacken von kartonverpackter Milch (Milchpaletten) erwünscht.
  • c) Erfindungsgemäß kann das verpackte Gut mit dem als Verpackungsmaterial verwendeten Polyolefin-Elastomer erhitzt werden, beispielsweise auf 85 °C. Die Erhitzungstemperatur muß auf jeden Fall unter dem Schmelzpunkt des Verpackungsmaterials bleiben. Durch die Erhitzung wird bei den Polyolefin-Elastomeren erreicht, daß sich das Material entspannt.
  • Als Beispiel für das Entspannen des Verpackungsmaterials wird folgendes ausgeführt:
    Wird das Verpackungsmaterial beispielsweise während des Verpackungsvorganges von 100 % auf 180 % gedehnt und zieht es sich um das zu verpackende Gut auf 140 % zusammen, so würde sich das Verpackungsmaterial ohne Erhitzen nach dem Auspacken des verpackten Gutes wieder auf nahezu 100 % zusammenziehen. Wird das Verpackungsmaterial aber erhitzt, wird sich das Verpackungsmaterial nicht unter 140 % zusammenziehen. Das Verpackungsmaterial ist aber nach wie vor in dem Bereich zwischen 140 % und 180 % elastisch.
  • Dieses hat den Vorteil, daß beispielsweise beim Auspacken des verpackten Gutes, wie den Windeln, das Verpackungsmaterial sich nicht weiter zusammenzieht und das Auspacken eventuell erschwert.
    • If no further restoring forces or only limited restoring forces of the packaging material are to act on the goods to be packed after the packaging process, there are three options:
  • a) On the one hand, the packaging can be adapted to the goods to be packaged in such a way that after the packaging process the restoring forces of the packaging material are zero or approximately zero.
  • b) Furthermore, when the packaging material is stretched, it is possible to overstretch the packaging material, which are expediently designed as local overexpansions. It is thereby achieved that, for example in the area of edges of the goods to be packaged, the restoring forces of the elastic packaging material are zero or almost zero, so that edge protection of the goods to be packaged is thereby achieved. For example, this is desirable when packaging carton-packed milk (milk pallets).
  • c) According to the invention, the packaged good can be heated with the polyolefin elastomer used as packaging material, for example to 85 ° C. The heating temperature must definitely remain below the melting point of the packaging material. The heating of the polyolefin elastomers ensures that the material relaxes.
  • The following is carried out as an example for relaxing the packaging material:
    If, for example, the packaging material is stretched from 100% to 180% during the packaging process and contracts around the goods to be packed to 140%, the packaging material would contract again to almost 100% without heating after unpacking the packaged goods. However, if the packaging material is heated, the packaging material will not contract below 140%. However, the packaging material is still elastic in the range between 140% and 180%.
  • This has the advantage that, for example, when unpacking the packaged goods, such as diapers, the packaging material does not contract any further and may make unpacking difficult.

    • Vorteilhaft ist das Behältnis, in dem das Verpackungsmaterial gedehnt wird, in seiner Geometrie dem Packgut angepaßt. Das bedeutet, daß beispielsweise bei einem im Querschnitt rund ausgebildeten Packgut das Behältnis ebenfalls einen runden, gegenüber dem Packgut etwas vergrößerten Querschnitt aufweist.The container in which the packaging material is located is advantageous is stretched in its geometry Packaged goods adjusted. This means that, for example, at a packaged product with a round cross section Container also a round, opposite the packaged goods has somewhat enlarged cross section.

    Vorteilhaft kann aber auch die Geometrie des Behältnisses abweichend von dem zu verpackenden Gut ausgebildet sein. Das bedeutet, daß bei einem im Querschnitt rund ausgebildeten zu verpackenden Gut der Querschnitt des Behältnisses beispielsweise halbkreisförmig ausgebildet sein kann. Der Boden des Behältnisses ist in diesem Fall flach ausgebildet, was vorteilhaft beim Beschicken der Verpackungsvorrichtung sein kann.However, the geometry of the container can also be advantageous deviated from the goods to be packaged his. This means that one with a round cross section good to be packed the cross-section of the container for example be semicircular can. In this case, the bottom of the container is flat trained, which is advantageous when loading the packaging device can be.

    Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung können den Unteransprüchen entnommen werden.Further details of the invention can be found in the subclaims be removed.

    Auf der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt. Die den Beutel und den Handschuh betreffenden Figuren fallen in bezug auf die Darstellung der Beutel und des Handschuhes in den einzelnen Figuren nicht in den Schutzbereich des Patentes. Es zeigen:

    Fig. 1
    einen Teilschnitt durch die Vorrichtung für die Verpackung eines Gegenstandes mit Hilfe eines elastischen Beutels;
    Fig. 2
    die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 mit gedehnter Öffnung des Beutels;
    Fig. 3
    die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 mit gedehntem Beutel;
    Fig. 4
    die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 mit in den Beutel eingelegtem, zu verpackenden Gegenstand;
    Fig. 5
    die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 mit an den zu verpackenden Gegenstand angelegtem Beutel;
    Fig. 6
    die Draufsicht auf die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 in Richtung des Pfeiles VI;
    Fig. 7
    ein geändertes Ausführungsbeispiel für die Verpackung eines Gegenstandes mit Hilfe eines elastischen Verpackungsschlauches;
    Fig. 8
    einen Schnitt nach der Linie VIII-VIII der Fig. 7;
    Fig. 9
    eine Einzelheit der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 7;
    Fig. 10
    ein geändertes Ausführungsbeispiel für die Verpackung eines Gegenstandes mit Hilfe einer elastischen Flachfolie;
    Fig. 11
    eine Draufsicht auf die Fig. 10 in Richtung des Pfeiles XI;
    Fig. 12
    eine perspektivische Darstellung der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 10;
    Fig. 13
    einen Schnitt nach der Linie XIII-XIII der Fig. 12;
    Fig. 14
    einen Schnitt nach der Linie XIV-XIV der Fig. 12;
    Fig. 15
    ein geändertes Ausführungsbeispiel;
    Fig. 16
    eine Vorrichtung zum Anziehen eines elastischen Handschuhes;
    Fig. 17
    eine geänderte Einzelheit der Fig. 1;
    Fig. 18
    eine geänderte Einzelheit der Fig. 1;
    Fig. 19
    ein geändertes Ausführungsbeispiel;
    Fig. 20
    einen Schnitt nach der Linie XX-XX der Fig. 19;
    Fig. 21
    ein geändertes Ausführungsbeispiel.
    Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. The figures relating to the bag and the glove do not fall within the scope of protection of the patent with regard to the representation of the bag and the glove in the individual figures. Show it:
    Fig. 1
    a partial section through the device for packaging an object with the aid of an elastic bag;
    Fig. 2
    the device of Figure 1 with the opening of the bag stretched.
    Fig. 3
    the device of Figure 1 with the bag stretched.
    Fig. 4
    the device of Figure 1 with the object placed in the bag to be packaged.
    Fig. 5
    the device of Figure 1 with the bag placed on the object to be packaged.
    Fig. 6
    the top view of the device of Figure 1 in the direction of arrow VI.
    Fig. 7
    a modified embodiment for the packaging of an object with the aid of an elastic packaging tube;
    Fig. 8
    a section along the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 7;
    Fig. 9
    a detail of the device of FIG. 7;
    Fig. 10
    a modified embodiment for the packaging of an object using an elastic flat film;
    Fig. 11
    a plan view of Figure 10 in the direction of arrow XI.
    Fig. 12
    a perspective view of the device of FIG. 10;
    Fig. 13
    a section along the line XIII-XIII of Fig. 12;
    Fig. 14
    a section along the line XIV-XIV of Fig. 12;
    Fig. 15
    a modified embodiment;
    Fig. 16
    a device for putting on an elastic glove;
    Fig. 17
    a modified detail of Fig. 1;
    Fig. 18
    a modified detail of Fig. 1;
    Fig. 19
    a modified embodiment;
    Fig. 20
    a section along the line XX-XX of Fig. 19;
    Fig. 21
    a modified embodiment.

    Fig. 1 zeigt ein Behältnis (1), in dem ein aus einer elastischen Folie bestehender Beutel (2) angeordnet ist. Der Beutel (2) ist mit dem Rand seiner Öffnung (3) an Haltemitteln (4, 5) eingehängt. Die Haltemittel (4, 5) weisen hakenförmige Enden (6, 7) auf, über die der Rand (3a) des Beutels (2) gelegt ist. Die Randspannung hält den Beutel (2) mit seinem Rand (3a) auf den Haken (6 und 7) fest.Fig. 1 shows a container (1) in which one of a elastic film existing bag (2) is arranged. The bag (2) is with the edge of its opening (3) on holding means (4, 5) attached. The holding means (4, 5) point hook-shaped ends (6, 7) over which the edge (3a) of the Bag (2) is placed. The edge tension holds the bag (2) with its edge (3a) on the hook (6 and 7) firmly.

    Der Beutel (2) befindet sich im ungedehnten Zustand in einem Raum (9) des Behältnisses (1). Das Behältnis (1) weist eine Öffnung (10) auf und an der gegenüberliegenden Wand (11) Bohrungen (12, 13) als Verbindung zu einer einen Unterdruck erzeugenden Vorrichtung (Vakuumpumpe (109)).The bag (2) is in the unstretched state a space (9) of the container (1). The container (1) has an opening (10) and on the opposite Wall (11) bores (12, 13) as a connection to one Vacuum generating device (vacuum pump (109)).

    Zwischen der Vakuumpumpe (109) und dem Raum (9) ist ein Ventil (106) vorgesehen. Mit Hilfe des Ventiles (106) wird das Absaugen und Einlassen der Luft aus dem Raum (9) und in den Raum (9) geregelt. Zum Absaugen der Luft aus dem Raum (9) ist das Ventil (106) so geschaltet, daß eine Öffnung (107), durch die Luft einströmen kann, geschlossen ist, und die Vakuumpumpe (109) über Leitungen (105, 108) die Luft aus dem Raum (9) absaugt.Is between the vacuum pump (109) and the space (9) a valve (106) is provided. Using the valve (106) the suction and intake of air from the room (9) and regulated in the room (9). For extracting air from the Room (9), the valve (106) is switched so that a Opening (107) through which air can flow in is closed and the vacuum pump (109) via lines (105, 108) sucks the air out of the room (9).

    Soll nach dem Einbringen eines Gegenstandes in den Beutel (2) der Raum (9) wieder mit Luft gefüllt werden, stellt das Ventil (106) eine Verbindung zwischen der Öffnung (107) und der Leitung (105) her, so daß Luft aus dem Außenraum in den Raum (9) gelangen kann. Während dieses Vorganges sperrt ein Ventil (106) die Leitung (108) zur Vakuumpumpe (109) ab. Should be after inserting an object in the Bag (2) the space (9) can be filled with air again, the valve (106) provides a connection between the Opening (107) and the line (105) forth, so that air from the outside space can get into the room (9). During this Operation blocks a valve (106) the line (108) Vacuum pump (109).

    Eine entsprechende Vorrichtung kann auch hinter der Bohrung (13) vorgesehen sein. Es ist aber auch möglich, die Bohrung (13) über eine Leitung mit der Leitung (105) zu verbinden.A corresponding device can also be behind the Bore (13) may be provided. But it is also possible that Bore (13) via a line with line (105) connect.

    Fig. 2 zeigt den Beutel (2) in dem Behältnis (1). Die Haltemittel (4, 5) sind mit Hilfe einer hydraulisch, pneumatisch oder elektrisch arbeitenden Zugvorrichtung (90) in Richtung des Pfeiles (A) über vorgesehene Rollen (91) bewegt worden und haben die Haltemittel (Haken (6, 7)) beim Zurückziehen derart gespreizt, daß der Rand (3a) des Beutels (2) gedehnt wird, derart, daß der Rand (3a) des Beutels (2) den Raum (9) des Behältnisses (1) gegen die Außenluft (15) und damit gegen den äußeren Luftdruck abdichtet.Fig. 2 shows the bag (2) in the container (1). The Holding means (4, 5) are hydraulic, pneumatic or electrically operated traction device (90) in Direction of arrow (A) moved over the rollers (91) provided and have the holding means (hooks (6, 7)) at Withdrawal so spread that the edge (3a) of the bag (2) is stretched such that the edge (3a) of the bag (2) the space (9) of the container (1) against the outside air (15) and thus seals against the external air pressure.

    Gemäß Fig. 3 ist in dem Raum (9) durch Absaugen der Luft aus dem Raum (9) mit Hilfe einer Vorrichtung (14) (nicht dargestellt) ein atmosphärischer Unterdruck erzeugt worden, so daß sich der Beutel (2) an die Innenseiten der Wände (11, 16, 17) des Behältnisses (1) anlegt. Der Beutel (2) befindet sich nun in einem gedehnten Zustand.3 is in the room (9) by suction Air from the room (9) using a device (14) (not shown) creates an atmospheric vacuum been so that the bag (2) on the inside of the Walls (11, 16, 17) of the container (1) creates. The bag (2) is now in a stretched state.

    Gemäß Fig. 4 kann durch die Öffnung (10) des Behältnisses (1) und die Öffnung (18) des Beutels nunmehr ein zu verpackender Gegenstand (19) in das Behältnis (1) und den Beutel (2) eingeführt werden, ohne daß hierbei mechanische Mittel im Wege stehen.4 can through the opening (10) of the container (1) and the opening (18) of the bag now one too packaging object (19) in the container (1) and Bags (2) are inserted without mechanical There are means in the way.

    Gemäß Fig. 5 befindet sich der Gegenstand (19) in dem Beutel (2), und der Unterdruck in dem Raum (9) des Behältnisses (1) wurde aufgehoben, so daß der Beutel (2) sich selbsttätig aufgrund seiner Elastizität an den eingelegten Gegenstand (19) gelegt hat, gegebenenfalls unter Ausübung eines Druckes auf den Gegenstand (19). Hierbei wird die Luft zwischen dem Gegenstand (19) und dem Beutel (2) verdrängt.5, the object (19) is in the Bag (2), and the negative pressure in the space (9) of the Container (1) was lifted so that the bag (2) automatically due to its elasticity to the has inserted object (19), if necessary while exerting pressure on the object (19). Here, the air between the object (19) and the Bag (2) displaced.

    In dem Raum zwischen eingelegtem Gegenstand (19) und dem noch von den Haken (6, 7) gehaltenen Rand (3a) des Beutels kann durch die Öffnung (10) des Behältnisses (1) und die Öffnung (3) des Beutels (2) ungehindert Luft in den vorderen Bereich des Beutels (2) gelangen. Zwischen der Öffnung (3) des Beutels (2) und dem verpackten Gegenstand (19) zieht sich der Beutel (2) im Bereich (19a) ringförmig zusammen.In the space between the inserted object (19) and the edge (3a) of the bag still held by the hooks (6, 7) can through the opening (10) of the container (1) and the opening (3) of the bag (2) unimpeded air in the reach the front area of the bag (2). Between the Opening (3) of the bag (2) and the packaged item (19) the bag (2) pulls in a ring in the area (19a) together.

    Die auf die Haken ausgeübten Zugkräfte werden aufgehoben (nicht dargestellt).The tensile forces exerted on the hooks are released (not shown).

    Anschließend wird der Beutel (2) von den Haltemitteln (4, 5) mit seinem Rand (3a) abgehoben, und der verpackte Gegenstand (19) kann aus dem Behältnis (1) durch die Öffnung (10) herausgenommen werden. Die Haltemittel (4, 5) stören dabei nicht, da sie in ihren Befestigungspunkten an den Zugmitteln (90) gelenkig gelagert sind.The bag (2) is then removed from the holding means (4, 5) with its edge (3a) lifted off, and the packaged Item (19) can be removed from the container (1) through the opening (10) can be removed. The holding means (4, 5) do not interfere, since they are in their attachment points the traction means (90) are articulated.

    Wie aus Fig. 6 zu ersehen ist, weist das Behältnis (1) vier hakenförmige Haltevorrichtungen (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) auf, welche die Öffnung (3) des Beutels (2) mit Hilfe der Zugmittel (90) dehnen und über den Rand (8) des Behältnisses (1) ziehen. Das Behältnis (1) hat im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel einen etwa rechteckigen Querschnitt, um mit der Vorrichtung Fleischstücke bequem luftdicht verpakken zu können. As can be seen from Fig. 6, the container (1) four hook-shaped holding devices (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) on the opening (3) of the bag (2) with the help of Stretch traction means (90) and over the edge (8) of the container (1) pull. The container (1) has in the present embodiment an approximately rectangular cross section Pack meat pieces airtight with the device to be able to.

    Die Haltevorrichtungen gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 6 sind auch für einen Verpackungsschlauch zu verwenden.The holding devices according to FIGS. 1 to 6 are can also be used for a packaging tube.

    Gemäß Fig. 7 wird von einem längeren elastischen Schlauch (26), welcher gemäß Fig. 9 von einer Vorratsrolle (49) abziehbar ist, jeweils ein Schlauchstück (26a) verwendet.7 is of a longer elastic Hose (26), which according to FIG. 9 from a supply roll (49) is removable, one piece of hose (26a) is used in each case.

    Gemäß Fig. 7 wird durch einen Kolben (24) in einem Behältnis (23) der elastische Schlauch in den Raum (36) für die Aufnahme des Verpackungsmaterials geführt. Der Kolben (24) weist hierfür eine Zuführöffnung (25) für das Schlauchstück (26a) auf. Das Behältnis (23) ist bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel doppelwandig ausgeführt, was jedoch nicht zwingend ist. Das Behältnis (23) weist zwischen den Wänden (27 und 37) einen Hohlraum (28) auf, in dem über Leitungen (29) ein Unterdruck erzeugt wird. Das Schlauchstück (26a) kann wiederum, wie in den Fig. 1 bis 6 dargestellt, durch Erzeugen eines Unterdruckes in dem Raum (36) elastisch gedehnt werden.7 is by a piston (24) in a container (23) the elastic hose into the space (36) for the inclusion of the packaging material. The piston (24) has a feed opening (25) for this Hose section (26a). The container (23) is with this Embodiment double-walled, but what is not mandatory. The container (23) points between the Walls (27 and 37) on a cavity (28) in which over Lines (29) a negative pressure is generated. The hose piece (26a) can again, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, by creating a negative pressure in the room (36) be stretched elastically.

    In Abänderung der Ausbildung nach den Fig. 1 bis 6 wird das Schlauchende (30) in der Öffnung (31) des Behältnisses (23) so fixiert, daß in dem Hohlraum (28) zwischen den Wänden (27 und 37) des Behältnisses (23) ein Unterdruck erzeugt wird. Durch Öffnungen (32, 33) wird das vordere Ende des Schlauchstückes (26a) an den Rändern (28a) der Doppelwand im Bereich der Öffnung (31) durch die Erzeugung des Unterdruckes im Raum (28) angesaugt. Anschließend wird über Öffnungen (34, 35) im von der Doppelwandung eingeschlossenen Raum (36) ein Unterdruck erzeugt, so daß sich das Schlauchstück (26a) an den Innenseiten (37) des Behältnisses (23), wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, anlegt.Modifying the design according to FIGS. 1 to 6 the hose end (30) in the opening (31) of the container (23) fixed so that in the cavity (28) between the walls (27 and 37) of the container (23) a negative pressure is produced. The front is through openings (32, 33) End of the hose section (26a) at the edges (28a) of the Double wall in the area of the opening (31) through the generation of the negative pressure in the room (28). Then will via openings (34, 35) in the enclosed by the double wall Room (36) creates a negative pressure, so that the tube piece (26a) on the inside (37) of the container (23), as shown in Fig. 3, applies.

    Durch diese Ausbildung kann wiederum ein Gegenstand in das gedehnte elastische Schlauchstück (26c) (gestrichelt eingezeichnet) eingeführt werden.This training can turn an object in the stretched elastic tube piece (26c) (dashed shown) are introduced.

    Diese Einrichtung eignet sich besonders dann, wenn flüssige oder pastöse Gegenstände im Innern des Behältnisses in die Verpackung eingebracht werden sollen. Bei flüssigen oder pastösen Gegenständen ist es nicht notwendig, daß die Öffnung (31) dem maximalen Durchmesser des einzuführenden Gegenstandes entspricht.This facility is particularly suitable when liquid or pasty objects inside the container should be placed in the packaging. With liquid or pasty objects, it is not necessary that the opening (31) the maximum diameter of the insert Object corresponds.

    Die Innenwandung der Doppelwand kann in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung (nicht dargestellt) auswechselbar gestaltet werden.The inner wall of the double wall can in a further embodiment the invention (not shown) interchangeable be designed.

    In diesem Behältnis ist analog den Fig. 1 bis 6 auch der Beutel (2) anordbar.In this container is also analogous to FIGS. 1 to 6 the bag (2) can be arranged.

    Der Kolben (24) ist in Richtung des Pfeiles (B) verschiebbar ausgebildet, so daß verschieden lange Schlauchstücke (26a) in dem Behältnis angeordnet und entsprechende Gegenstände verpackt werden können.The piston (24) can be moved in the direction of the arrow (B) trained so that different lengths of hose (26a) arranged in the container and corresponding Objects can be packed.

    Fig. 8 zeigt die Vorrichtung mit dem Kolben (24) der Fig. 7 in der Fortsetzung der Vorrichtung nach links. Zur Abdichtung des Raumes (36) mit dem Schlauchauslauf (103), in dem gegenüber der Außenluft (39) ein Unterdruck erzeugt wird, ist zwischen dem Kolben (24) und der Behältniswand (37) eine Dichtung (40) vorgesehen. Die Dichtung (40) ist eine Hohldichtung und kann aufblasbar ausgebildet sein, so daß sie einerseits zum Abdichten des Raumes (36) verwendet werden kann, andererseits aber auch zum Feststellen des Kolbens (24) in seiner jeweiligen Lage.Fig. 8 shows the device with the piston (24) of the Fig. 7 in the continuation of the device to the left. For Sealing the space (36) with the hose outlet (103), in which a negative pressure is generated in relation to the outside air (39) is between the piston (24) and the container wall (37) a seal (40) is provided. The seal (40) is a hollow seal and can be inflatable, so that they used on the one hand to seal the room (36) can be, but also to determine the Piston (24) in its respective position.

    Gemäß Fig. 9 wird das Schlauchstück (26a) vorteilhaft von einer Vorratsrolle (49) abgezogen. Der von der Vorratsrolle (49) abgezogene Verpackungsschlauch (26) wird in Richtung des Pfeiles (C) in einen Schlaucheinlauf (41) geführt. Um einen annähernd dichten Abschluß des Schlaucheinlaufes (41) gegen den äußeren Luftdruck zu gewährleisten, ist hier eine federnde Dichtvorrichtung (42) vorgesehen.9, the piece of hose (26a) is advantageous deducted from a supply roll (49). The one from the supply roll (49) removed packaging tube (26) is in Directed by arrow (C) into a hose inlet (41). To close the hose inlet almost tightly (41) against the external air pressure, a resilient sealing device (42) is provided here.

    Zum Dehnen des Schlauchstückes (26a) wird in dem Raum (36) wiederum ein Unterdruck erzeugt, indem in Richtung der Pfeile (E und F) die in dem Raum (36) vorhandene Luft abgesaugt wird.To stretch the hose piece (26a) in the room (36) again creates a negative pressure by moving in the direction of the Arrows (E and F) sucked out the air present in the room (36) becomes.

    Nach Erzeugen des Unterdruckes wirkt der äußere Luftdruck im Innern des Schlauchstückes (26a) über die Öffnung (31) (Fig. 7) auf das Schlauchstück (26a) und dehnt dieses Schlauchstück bis in die gestrichelt eingezeichnete Lage (26c), so daß das Schlauchstück praktisch den Raum (36) ausfüllt.After generating the negative pressure, the external air pressure acts inside the hose section (26a) via the opening (31) (Fig. 7) on the hose piece (26a) and stretches it Hose section up to the position shown in dashed lines (26c) so that the piece of hose practically covers the space (36) fills out.

    Gemäß Fig. 8 wird durch den von außen wirkenden Luftdruck gleichzeitig ein Schlauchstück (26b) in einem dem Kolben (24) vorgelagerten Raum (48) vorgeöffnet, aber nicht gedehnt.8 is due to the air pressure acting from the outside at the same time a piece of hose (26b) in a Piston (24) upstream space (48) pre-opened, but not stretched.

    Dieses hat den Vorteil, daß das Schlauchstück (26b) nach Entfernen des Schlauchstückes (26a) aus der Vorrichtung leichter geöffnet werden kann, da den Adhäsionskräften, die zwischen zwei Folienbahnen wirken, durch das Voröffnen entgegengewirkt wird, beziehungsweise die Adhäsionskräfte vollständig aufgehoben werden. Durch das Voröffnen entfällt bei der Herstellung des Verpackungsschlauches das Einbringen von Trennmitteln, wie Puder und ähnlichem, nahezu vollständig.This has the advantage that the hose section (26b) after removing the hose piece (26a) from the device can be opened more easily because the adhesive forces, that act between two film webs by pre-opening is counteracted, or the adhesive forces be completely canceled. By pre-opening this is omitted in the manufacture of the packaging tube Introducing release agents, such as powder and the like, almost Completely.

    In dem Kolben (24) ist eine Schweißschiene (43) angeordnet sowie ein Perforationsmesser (44), welche mittels eines pneumatischen Zylinders (45) in Richtung des Pfeiles (D) bewegt werden können, um zwischen dem Schlauchstück (26a) und dem Vorratsschlauch (26) in einem Bereich (46) eine Schweißnaht (47) und eine Perforationslinie einzubringen.A welding rail (43) is arranged in the piston (24) and a perforation knife (44), which by means of a pneumatic cylinder (45) in the direction of the arrow (D) can be moved to between the tube piece (26a) and the supply hose (26) in an area (46) introduce a weld seam (47) and a perforation line.

    Es ist auch möglich, die Wirkung der Schweißvorrichtung außer Tätigkeit zu setzen, so daß im durchlaufenden Schlauch lediglich eine Perforation zum Abreißen eines Schlauchstückes nach dem Verpacken des Gegenstandes und zum Herausnehmen des verpackten Gegenstandes aus dem Raum (36) erzeugt wird.It is also possible to control the effect of the welding device to put out of action so that in the continuous Hose just a perforation to tear off one Hose piece after packaging the item and to Removing the packaged item from the room (36) is produced.

    Gemäß Fig. 8 ist der Kolben an seiner dem Raum (36) zugewandten Seite, vom Schlauchauslauf (103) ausgehend, sich konisch erweiternd ausgebildet. Es ist aber auch möglich, andere Ausbildungen des Kolbens (24) vorzusehen.According to FIG. 8, the piston is in its space (36) facing side, starting from the hose outlet (103), expanding conically. But it is also possible to provide other designs of the piston (24).

    Gemäß Fig. 9 ist der Schlauch (26), wie bereits erwähnt, auf einer Vorratsrolle (49) angeordnet. Vor Erzeugen des Unterdruckes in dem Raum (36) wird das Schlauchstück (26a) in dem Raum (36) gestrafft, damit es sich nicht faltig und/oder verknittert an die Innenwand des Behältnisses (23) anlegt. Hierzu wird die Vorratsrolle (49) in Richtung des Pfeiles (G) zurückgedreht, nachdem das Schlauchende (30) an der Öffnung (31) des Behältnisses (23) befestigt ist. Die Vorratsrolle (49) ist auf zwei Rollen (50 und 51) gelagert, die beim Abziehen des Schlauches (26) von der Rolle (49) frei drehbar sind. Zum Straffen des Schlauches (26) wird die Rolle (50) in Richtung des Pfeiles (H) zurückgedreht, so daß sich die Vorratsrolle (49) in Richtung des Pfeiles (G) zurückbewegt und den Schlauch (26) strafft. Dadurch, daß die Rolle (49) von der Rolle (50) angetrieben wird, wirkt stets ein gleich großes Drehmoment auf die Vorratsrolle (49), unabhängig von dem Durchmesser der Rolle (49), der abhängig ist von dem noch vorhandenen Schlauchvorrat auf der Rolle (49).9, the hose (26), as already mentioned, arranged on a supply roll (49). Before generating of the negative pressure in the space (36) becomes the piece of hose (26a) tightened in the room (36) so that it does not become wrinkled and / or crumpled on the inner wall of the container (23) creates. For this purpose, the supply roll (49) in the direction of the arrow (G) after the hose end (30) attached to the opening (31) of the container (23) is. The supply roll (49) is on two rolls (50 and 51) stored, when removing the hose (26) from the Roller (49) are freely rotatable. For tightening the hose (26) the roller (50) is turned back in the direction of the arrow (H), so that the supply roll (49) in the direction of the arrow (G) is moved back and the hose (26) is tightened. In that the roller (49) is driven by the roller (50) torque is always the same on the supply roll (49) regardless of the diameter of the roll (49), which depends on the remaining hose supply on the roll (49).

    Die Fig. 10, 11 und 12 zeigen ein Behältnis (52) in Wannenform, welches Öffnungen (53) aufweist. Die Öffnungen (53) stehen mit einer Vorrichtung in Verbindung, die es ermöglicht, daß in dem Raum (54) ein Unterdruck erzeugt werden kann.10, 11 and 12 show a container (52) in Trough shape, which has openings (53). The openings (53) are connected to a device which enables that a vacuum is generated in the room (54) can.

    Über eine an dem Rand des Behältnisses (52) angeordnete Dichtlippe (55) wird eine elastische Flachfolie (58) in Richtung des Pfeiles (K) geführt, welche von einer Vorratsrolle (49a) abziehbar ist. Die Flachfolie (58) und das Behältnis (52) begrenzen den Raum (54), in dem ein Unterdruck erzeugt wird.Via one arranged on the edge of the container (52) Sealing lip (55) becomes an elastic flat film (58) in the direction of arrow (K), which is from a supply roll (49a) is removable. The flat film (58) and that Container (52) delimit the space (54) in which a vacuum is produced.

    Gemäß Fig. 10 legt sich die Flachfolie (58) wenigstens teilweise an der Innenwandung (59) des Behältnisses (52) aufgrund des erzeugten Unterdruckes an. In eine dadurch entstehende Vertiefung (60) in der Flachfolie aufgrund ihrer Elastizität kann ein zu verpackender Gegenstand (61) angeordnet werden.10, the flat film (58) at least lays down partly on the inner wall (59) of the container (52) due to the negative pressure generated. In one by that resulting depression (60) in the flat film due to its Elasticity can be an object to be packed (61) to be ordered.

    Die Flachfolie wird in Richtung des Pfeiles (92) (Fig. 12) mit Hilfe von Transportmitteln bewegt. Als Transportmittel kann gemäß Fig. 10 eine Vielzahl von Rollenpaaren (65, 93) vorgesehen sein. Der Raum (54) und seine Transportmittel sind so gestaltet (Fig. 12), daß die Ränder (56, 57) der Flachfolie (58) im Bereich (M) zusammenlaufen, so daß sie dort mit Hilfe von zwei Schweißrollen (94) in einer Schweißvorrichtung (66) zusammengeschweißt werden können. Damit entsteht aus der Flachfolie ein Schlauch, in dem sich der Gegenstand (61) befindet.The flat film is in the direction of arrow (92) (Fig. 12) moved by means of transport. As a means of transport 10 can be a plurality of pairs of rollers (65, 93) can be provided. The room (54) and its means of transport are designed (Fig. 12) so that the edges (56, 57) of the flat film (58) converge in the area (M), see above that they there with the help of two welding rollers (94) in one Welding device (66) can be welded together. This creates a tube from the flat film in which the item (61) is located.

    Der Schlauch wird mit dem Gegenstand (61) durch eine Schleuse (96) transportiert. Nach Aufheben des Unterdruckes legt sich die Flachfolie fest auf den zu verpackenden Gegenstand (61), so wie es die Schlauchstücke oder Beutel gemäß den vorhergehenden Ausführungsbeispielen getan haben.The hose is connected to the object (61) by a Lock (96) transported. After removing the negative pressure the flat film attaches itself to the packaging Object (61), as is the hose or bag have done according to the previous embodiments.

    Fig. 13 zeigt den verpackten Gegenstand (61) in dem noch gedehnten aus der Folie (58) gebildeten Schlauch (95).Fig. 13 shows the packaged item (61) in the still stretched tube (95) formed from the film (58).

    Die Schleuse (96) kann aus sich überlappenden Gummilippen (97) (Fig. 14) bestehen, welche in Transportrichtung des verpackten Gutes biegbar ausgebildet sind.The lock (96) can consist of overlapping rubber lips (97) (Fig. 14), which are in the transport direction of the packaged goods are designed to be flexible.

    Mit dieser Einrichtung können sukzessive Gegenstände verpackt werden. With this facility, successive objects be packed.

    Gemäß Fig. 15 weist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zwei sich gegenüberliegende Behältnisse (71, 72) auf. Bei dieser Ausbildung können zwei Flachfolien (69, 70), welche je einem Raum (77, 78) der Behältnisses (71, 72) zugeordnet sind, über die Behältnisse (71, 72) geführt werden.15, the device according to the invention two opposite containers (71, 72). At this training can two flat films (69, 70), which each assigned to a space (77, 78) of the container (71, 72) over which containers (71, 72) are guided.

    Die Behältnisse können in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung so ausgebildet sein, wie in Fig. 15 dargestellt. Die sich gegenüberliegenden Behältnisse weisen Ausbuchtungen (73, 74 sowie 75, 76) auf, in die die Flachfolien (69, 70) bei Erzeugen des Unterdruckes gezogen werden.The containers can in a further embodiment Invention can be designed as shown in Fig. 15. The opposite containers have bulges (73, 74 and 75, 76) into which the flat foils (69, 70) are pulled when the negative pressure is generated.

    Die Flachfolien (69, 70) können in den Ausbuchtungen (73, 74, 75, 76) überdehnt werden, wie anhand der Fig. 15 dargestellt, so daß nach Aufheben des Unterdruckes die Flachfolien (69, 70) überdehnte Stellen aufweisen, an denen ihre Rückstellkräfte annähernd Null sind. Diese lokalen Überdehnungen sind gewünscht, wenn das zu verpackende Gut beispielsweise Kanten aufweist, an denen der Kantendruck nach Verpacken mit den Flachfolien (69, 70) zu groß wäre. Durch die Überdehnungen der Flachfolien (69, 70) wird erreicht, daß der Kantendruck gezielt abgebaut und gemindert werden kann.The flat foils (69, 70) can be in the bulges (73, 74, 75, 76) are overstretched, as shown in FIG. 15 shown so that after releasing the negative pressure Flat films (69, 70) have overstretched points at which their restoring forces are almost zero. This local Overstretching is desirable when the goods to be packaged For example, has edges on which the edge pressure after packaging with the flat films (69, 70) would be too large. The overstretching of the flat films (69, 70) achieves that the edge pressure is specifically reduced and reduced can be.

    Eine Überdehnung des Verpackungsmaterials kann mit sämtlichen Vorrichtungen nach den Fig. 1 bis 12 erzielt werden, wenn man analog die beschriebenen Ausbuchtungen (73, 74, 75, 76) auf die Behältnisse nach Fig. 1 bis Fig. 12 anwendet.An overstretching of the packaging material can be done with achieved all devices according to FIGS. 1 to 12 if you analog the bulges described (73, 74, 75, 76) on the containers according to Fig. 1 to Fig. 12 applies.

    Fig. 16 zeigt als weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel ein Behältnis (79). In einem Raum (80) des Behältnisses (79) ist ein elastischer Handschuh (81) angeordnet worden. In dem Raum (80) wird gemäß den Ausführungsbeispielen nach den Fig. 1 bis 6 ein derartiger Unterdruck erzeugt, daß der Handschuh (81) so weit gedehnt wird, daß eine Hand bequem eingeführt werden kann. Durch eine Öffnung (82) des Behältnisses (79) sowie durch eine Öffnung (83) des Handschuhes (81) kann somit die Hand einer Person leicht in den Handschuh (81) eingeführt werden. Nach Aufheben des Unterdrukkes legt sich der Handschuh dann an der Hand an.16 shows a container as a further exemplary embodiment (79). In a room (80) of the container (79) an elastic glove (81) has been arranged. By doing Room (80) is in accordance with the embodiments of the Fig. 1 to 6 generates such a vacuum that the Glove (81) is stretched so far that one hand is comfortable can be introduced. Through an opening (82) of the container (79) and through an opening (83) of the glove (81) can thus easily put a person's hand in the glove (81) are introduced. After lifting the underpressure then put the glove on your hand.

    Gemäß Fig. 16 ist in dem Raum (80) eine elektrisch betriebene Heizspirale (104) vorgesehen. Mittels dieser Spirale (104) kann der Innenraum und damit der elastische Handschuh erwärmt werden, so daß bei geeignet gewähltem elastischen Handschuhmaterial das Material nach Auflegen des Handschuhes auf die Hand des Benutzers entspannt wird, also keinen nachhaltigen Druck auf die Hand des Benutzers mehr ausübt.16 is an electrically operated in the room (80) Heating coil (104) provided. By means of this spiral (104) can the interior and thus the elastic Glove are heated so that when suitably chosen elastic glove material the material after laying on the glove is relaxed on the user's hand, therefore no lasting pressure on the user's hand exercises more.

    Gemäß Fig. 17 ist ein Behältnis (86), wie es in den Fig. 1 bis 8 gezeigt wurde, dargestellt, welches keine besonderen Halte- und Öffnungsmittel für die Öffnung eines Beutels oder Schlauches aufweist. Der Rand des Beutels oder Schlauches wird beispielsweise von Hand unter Ausnutzung der Elastizität, wie in Fig. 18 dargestellt, an dem Rand des Behältnisses (86) angeordnet.17 is a container (86), as in the 1 to 8 was shown, which is not special Holding and opening means for opening a Bag or hose has. The edge of the bag or Hose is used by hand, for example the elasticity, as shown in Fig. 18, at the edge of the container (86) arranged.

    Fig. 17 zeigt darüber hinaus einen ungedehnten Beutel (84) in dem Behältnis (86). Die Öffnung (85) des Beutels (84) weist jetzt jedoch einen größeren Durchmesser auf als der Beutel (84) selbst. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß beim Anordnen des Beutels (84) mit einer Abschrägung (84a) an dem umlaufenden Rand des Behältnisses (86) dieser leichter, beispielsweise auch für Hausfrauen handhabbar, an dem Rand des Behältnisses (86) ohne weitere technische Hilfsmittel befestigt werden kann (siehe Fig. 18).17 also shows an unstretched pouch (84) in the container (86). The opening (85) of the bag (84) now has a larger diameter than the bag (84) itself. This has the advantage that when arranging the bag (84) with a bevel (84a) on the peripheral edge of the container (86) this lighter, for example, also manageable for housewives, on the edge of the container (86) without further technical aids can be attached (see Fig. 18).

    Diese Art der Beutelausbildung nach den Fig. 17 und 18 läßt sich leicht herstellen, indem aus einem Folienschlauch (99) (Fig. 19, 20) Beutelstücke (98) längs der Linie (100) herausgestanzt oder geschnitten und an den Rändern verschweißt oder herausgeschweißt (Trennschweißung) werden, welche an ihren jeweils breiteren Enden (101) aufgetrennt werden.This type of bag design according to FIGS. 17 and 18 can be easily made by using a film tube (99) (Fig. 19, 20) bags (98) along the line (100) punched out or cut and welded at the edges or are welded out (separation welding), which are separated at their respective broader ends (101) become.

    Fig. 21 zeigt die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1, welche jedoch hier derart abgewandelt ist, daß nach dem Einfüllen des Gegenstandes (19) in das Behältnis der Beutel (2) mit Hilfe eines spitzen Gegenstandes (102) durchstochen wird. Bei dieser Ausbildung dringt die Außenluft schlagartig in den Raum (9) ein, so daß ein sehr schneller Ablauf und damit eine schnelle sukzessive Verpackung von Gegenständen möglich wird.FIG. 21 shows the device according to FIG. 1, which however is modified here in such a way that after filling the object (19) in the container of the bag (2) Is pierced with the aid of a pointed object (102). With this training, the outside air suddenly penetrates the room (9), so that a very fast process and thus fast, successive packaging of objects becomes possible.

    Diese Ausbildung hat aber auch den Vorteil, daß beispielsweise dann, wenn der zu verpackende Gegenstand (19) ein Schaschlikspieß ist, der Holzstift, auf den die Fleischstücke geschoben sind, das Durchstoßen des Verpackungsbeutels übernehmen kann.This training also has the advantage that, for example when the item to be packaged (19) is a skewer skewer, the wooden stick that the Pieces of meat are pushed, piercing the packaging bag can take over.

    Claims (70)

    1. Method for packaging articles and/or objects in a packaging device,
      in which an elastic packaging material (26, 58, 69, 70) is placed in a receptacle,
      in which an atmospheric partial vacuum is generated in such a way that the packaging material (26, 58, 69, 70) is expanded in the receptacle by the present external air pressure acting on the packaging material (26, 58, 69, 70), so that a cavity is produced, into which the article(s) to be packaged (19, 61) is/are placed in the expanded packaging material (26, 58, 69, 70),
      in which the partial vacuum is then released,
      and in which the elastic packaging material is restored, at least to the extent that the packaging material clings at least partially to the at least one packaged article,
      characterized in that the packaging material (26, 58, 69, 70) is fed continuously as a foil length or as a foil sleeve, and that the packaging material (26, 58, 69, 70) is brought by at least one mechanical means (4, 5) to an airtight or approximately airtight closure with an all-round edge of at least one opening of the receptacle (23, 52, 71, 72).
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic packaging material clings at least partially to the at least one article to be packaged and exerts a pressure acting through the elastic restoring forces of the packaging material on the at least one article to be packaged.
    3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, during insertion of the article to be packaged into the packaging material, the packaging material is provided with at least one opening in such a way that the partial vacuum is released.
    4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the packaging material (26, 58, 69, 70) is closed on at least one side.
    5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a sleeve (26) produced from the elastic packaging material is used for packaging, which sleeve is fed from a dispenser roll (49), from a dispenser bin or the like.
    6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that
      the packaging sleeve (26) is fed to the receptacle (23) from a dispenser roll (49),
      a sleeve portion (26a) is guided through the receptacle (23),
      the one open end (30) of the sleeve portion (26a) is placed, with at least one mechanical means, contacting the all-round edge of the receptacle (23) and/or overlapping the all-round edge of the receptacle (23) in such a way that the space (36) sealed or approximately sealed against the external atmosphere is formed between the sleeve portion (26a) and the receptacle (23),
      an atmospheric partial vacuum is generated in the space (36) in such a way that the sleeve portion (26a) is expanded in the receptacle (23),
      the at least one article to be packaged is inserted into the sleeve portion (26a),
      the partial vacuum is then released,
      the elastic sleeve portion (26a) is restored, at least to the extent that the sleeve portion (26a) clings at least partially to the at least one article to be packaged,
      and the sleeve portion (26a) is separated from the sleeve (26).
    7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the sleeve portion (26a) is placed in expanded state with its open end (30) contacting the all-round edge of the opening of the receptacle (23) and/or overlapping the all-round edge of the opening (31) of the receptacle (23).
    8. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the sleeve portion (26a) is placed in unexpanded state with its open end (30) contacting the all-round edge of the opening (31) of the receptacle (23) and/or overlapping the all-round edge of the receptacle (23).
    9. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the sleeve portion (26a) is tightened in the receptacle (23) after the placing at the all-round edge of the receptacle (23).
    10. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the end (30) of the sleeve portion (26a) placed at the edge of the receptacle (23) is released from the edge of the receptacle (23) after the release of the partial vacuum.
    11. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the sleeve portion (26a) is closed at at least one end (30).
    12. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that a perforation is formed between the sleeve portion (26a) and the sleeve (26).
    13. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the beginning of the sleeve portion (26b) following the sleeve portion (26a) is pre-opened by the external air pressure acting in the sleeve portions (26a, 26b).
    14. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a monoplane foil (58) produced from the elastic packaging material is used for packaging, which monoplane foil is fed to the receptacle (52) from a dispenser roll (49a), a dispenser bin or the like.
    15. Method according to claim 14, characterized in that
      the monoplane foil (58) is fed to the receptacle (52) from a dispenser roll (49a),
      the monoplane foil (58) is guided with at least one mechanical means over the all-round edge of the receptacle (52) in such a way that the receptacle (52) is sealed or approximately sealed by the monoplane foil (58),
      the space (54) is formed between the receptacle (52) and the monoplane foil (58),
      an atmospheric partial vacuum is generated in the space (54) of the receptacle (52),
      the monoplane foil (58) is expanded in the space (54) of the receptacle (52),
      the at least one article (61) to be packaged is placed on and/or under the expanded monoplane foil (58),
      the partial vacuum is then released,
      the elastic monoplane foil (58) is restored, at least to the extent that it clings at least partially to the at least one article (61) to be packaged,
      and the elastic monoplane foil (58) is separated from the monoplane foil fed by the dispenser roll (49a).
    16. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that two lateral edges (56, 57) of the monoplane foil (58) are firmly connected with each other in such a way that the monoplane foil (58) forms a sleeve.
    17. Method according to claim 14, characterized in that the lateral edges (56, 57) of the monoplane foil (58) are firmly connected with a tableau bearing the at least one article (61).
    18. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that
      at least two monoplane foils (69, 70) are guided with at least one mechanical means over the all-round edges of at least two receptacles (71, 72) in such a way that the at least two receptacles (71, 72) are sealed or approximately sealed by the at least two monoplane foils (69, 70),
      spaces (77, 78) are formed respectively between the receptacles (71, 72) and the monoplane foils (69, 70),
      an atmospheric partial vacuum is generated in the spaces (77, 78) of the receptacles (71, 72),
      the monoplane foils (69, 70) are expanded in the spaces (77, 78) of the receptacles (71, 72),
      the at least one article to be packaged is placed between the at least two monoplane foils (69, 70),
      the partial vacuum is then released,
      the elastic monoplane foils (69, 70) are restored, at least to the extent that they cling at least partially to the at least one article to be packaged,
      and the lateral edges of one monoplane foil respectively are firmly connected with the lateral edges of the at least one other monoplane foil to form a sleeve.
    19. Method according to claim 16 or claim 18, characterized in that at least one end of the sleeve is closed.
    20. Method according to claim 17, characterized in that at least one end of the tableau packaging is closed.
    21. Method according to claim 18, characterized in that the at least one end of the packaging formed from at least two monoplane foils (69, 70) is closed.
    22. Method according to claims 14, 15, 17 or 18, characterized in that the at least one monoplane foil (58, 69, 70) is guided continuously or time-pulsed through the packaging device.
    23. Method according to claims 14, 15, 17 or 18, characterized in that the at least one monoplane foil (58, 69, 70) is guided by transport means (65) along the lateral edges of the at least one receptacle (52, 71, 72).
    24. Method according to claim 23, characterized in that chains, belts or the like are used as transport means (65).
    25. Method according to claim 23, characterized in that the transport means (65) serve as sealing means between the at least one monoplane foil (58, 69, 70) and the all-round edge of the at least one receptacle (52, 71, 72).
    26. Method according to claim 14 or claim 18, characterized in that the lateral edges of the at least one monoplane foil (58, 69, 70) are brought together and firmly connected with each other downstream from the receptacle (52, 71, 72).
    27. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a partial vacuum is generated between the receptacle (1, 23, 52, 71, 72) and the elastic packaging material (26, 58, 69, 70) in such a way that the packaging material (26, 58, 69, 70) clings at least partially to the at least one wall of the receptacle (1, 23, 52, 71, 72).
    28. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a partial vacuum is generated between the receptacle (1, 23, 52, 71, 72) and the elastic packaging material (26, 58, 69, 70) in such a way that the elastic packaging material (26, 58, 69, 70) is expanded to such an extent that a clearance remains between the at least one receptacle and the elastic packaging material (26, 58, 69, 70).
    29. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that thermal welding is carried out for closing the ends and/or connecting the lateral edges and/or ends of the packaging material.
    30. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a weld seam lying transverse to the running direction of the packaging material has a curved configuration.
    31. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a perforation line provided for separation of the continuous packaging material (26, 58, 69, 70) is placed transverse to the running direction of the packaging material.
    32. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a perforation line lying transverse to the running direction of the packaging material has a curved configuration.
    33. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that local overexpansions are generated in the packaging material (26, 58, 69, 70).
    34. Method according to claim 33, characterized in that the local overexpansions are formed by the geometry (73, 74, 75, 76) of the receptacle (71, 72).
    35. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the packaging material is heated during or after the release of the partial vacuum.
    36. Device to package an article and/or object with a method according to one of the preceding claims with the elastic packaging material in the form of the elastic packaging sleeve (26), characterized in that the device has a receptacle (23, 52, 71, 72) in which a partial vacuum is generable, that the receptacle (23, 52, 71, 72) has at least two openings, whereby one opening (25) is provided for the infeed of the packaging sleeve (26), and that the opening (25) for the infeed of the sleeve is closable airtight or approximately airtight, and that the other opening (31) is configured as an opening (31) receiving the open end (30) of the sleeve portion (26a), and that at least one means (14) for generating the partial vacuum is provided, and that the device has retaining means (4, 5) and/or transport means (65) for the packaging material (26, 58, 69, 70) located in the vicinity of the at least one opening.
    37. Device according to claim 36, characterized in that the receptacle (1, 23, 52, 71, 72) has at least one opening (12, 13, 53) and/or at least one channel for extraction of the air for generation of the partial vacuum.
    38. Device according to claim 36, characterized in that means (106) for controlling and/or releasing the partial vacuum are provided.
    39. Device according to claim 36, characterized in that the receptacle (1, 23) is configured as a receptacle (1, 23) adjustable in its length and/or width and/or depth.
    40. Device according to claim 36, characterized in that the infeed opening (25) for the sleeve (26) is located in a piston (24).
    41. Device according to claim 40, characterized in that the piston (24) is located in the receptacle (23).
    42. Device according to claim 41, characterized in that the piston (24) is located displaceably in the receptacle (23).
    43. Device according to claim 42, characterized in that the piston (24) is fixable in the receptacle (23).
    44. Device according to claim 41, characterized in that a thermal welding device (43) is located in the piston (24).
    45. Device according to claim 41, characterized in that the piston (24) has a device (44) for the application of a perforation line into the sleeve (26).
    46. Device according to claim 36, characterized in that the retaining means (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) for the sleeve portion (26a) are located on the outside of the receptacle (23).
    47. Device according to claim 46, characterized in that the retaining means (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) have a hook-shaped configuration.
    48. Device according to claim 46, characterized in that the retaining means (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) are configured pneumatically or hydraulically or electrically movably.
    49. Device according to claim 36, characterized in that the receptacle (23) has a double-walled configuration, and that a partial vacuum is generable in the cavity (28) between an external and an internal receptacle wall (27, 37), and that the receptacle (23) has in the area of the receptacle opening (31) as a retaining device for the edge of the sleeve opening or bag opening at least one further opening (32, 33) through which the packaging material (26) is drawn in and retained through the partial vacuum generated between the receptacle walls (27, 37).
    50. Device according to claim 36, characterized in that the receptacle (23) has a double-walled configuration, and that approximately the same partial vacuum is generable in the cavity (28) between the receptacle walls (27, 37) as in the space between the internal receptacle wall (37) and the packaging material (26).
    51. Device according to claim 50, characterized in that the internal wall (37) of the receptacle (23) has at least one opening as a connection between the internal space of the receptacle (23) and the cavity (28) between the receptacle walls (27, 37).
    52. Device according to claim 50, characterized in that the internal receptacle wall (37) is configured replaceably.
    53. Device according to claim 36, characterized in that the feed opening for the sleeve (26) has a slot-shaped configuration in the direction of sleeve feed.
    54. Device according to claim 36, characterized in that the feed opening for the sleeve (26) is configured areally enlarging in the direction of the space (36) in such a way that the feed opening has a widened configuration.
    55. Device according to claim 54, characterized in that the magnitude of the widening corresponds approximately to the magnitude of the slot.
    56. Device to package an article and/or object according to one of claims 1 through 35 with an elastic packaging material in the form of the monoplane foil (58), characterized in that the device has at least one receptacle (52, 71, 72), and that the at least one receptacle (52, 71, 72) has a trough-shaped configuration, whereby a partial vacuum is generable in the at least one receptacle (52, 71, 72), and that transport means (65) or retaining means are provided, and that the transport means (65) for the at least one monoplane foil (58, 69, 70) are located in such a way that one monoplane foil (58, 69, 70) respectively is guided on the all-round edge of one receptacle (52, 71, 72) respectively.
    57. Device according to claim 56, characterized in that the receptacle (52, 71, 72) has at least one opening (53) and/or at least one channel for extraction of the air for generation of the partial vacuum.
    58. Device according to claim 56, characterized in that means for controlling and/or releasing the partial vacuum are provided.
    59. Device according to claim 56, characterized in that the at least one receptacle (52, 71, 72) is configured as a receptacle adjustable in its length and/or width and/or depth.
    60. Device according to claim 56, characterized in that at least one thermal welding device (66) is located downstream from the at least one receptacle (52, 71, 72).
    61. Device according to claim 56, characterized in that at least one cutting device and/or a device for applying a perforation line is located downstream from the at least one receptacle (52, 71, 72).
    62. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shape of the receptacle and/or of the internal wall of the receptacle is adapted in its configuration to the geometry of the article to be packaged.
    63. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shape of the receptacle and/or the shape of the internal wall of the receptacle is configured differently from the geometry of the article to be packaged.
    64. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shape of the receptacle has bulgings for generating defined overexpansions of the packaging material.
    65. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnitude of the partial vacuum in the receptacle is controllable.
    66. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the partial vacuum is generated in such a way that a clearance remains between receptacle wall and packaging material (58, 69, 70, 81).
    67. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a device for heating the packaging material is located downstream from the receptacle (1, 23, 52, 71, 72) and/or the welding device (66).
    68. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a device (104) for heating the packaging material is provided in the receptacle (1, 23, 52, 71, 72).
    69. Device according to one of claims 44, 45, 60, 61 or 68, characterized in that the devices for welding, cutting and/or perforating are configured in such a way that the weld seams, cut lines and/or perforation lines have a curved configuration.
    70. Packaging material for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized in that the packaging material has a predetermined geometry in such a way that the geometry is adapted to the at least one article or object to be packaged.
    EP96116634A 1996-10-17 1996-10-17 Method and device for packaging objects in elastic packaging material Expired - Lifetime EP0836998B1 (en)

    Priority Applications (13)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    EP96116634A EP0836998B1 (en) 1996-10-17 1996-10-17 Method and device for packaging objects in elastic packaging material
    DE59604312T DE59604312D1 (en) 1996-10-17 1996-10-17 Method and device for packaging objects in an elastic packaging material
    AT96116634T ATE189167T1 (en) 1996-10-17 1996-10-17 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PACKAGING OBJECTS IN AN ELASTIC PACKAGING MATERIAL
    ES96116634T ES2141432T3 (en) 1996-10-17 1996-10-17 PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PACKAGING OF OBJECTS IN AN ELASTIC PACKAGING MATERIAL.
    BR9712339-0A BR9712339A (en) 1996-10-17 1997-09-26 Process for packaging objects in elastic packaging material, as well as device for carrying out the process
    AU46244/97A AU715019C (en) 1996-10-17 1997-09-26 Method for packing articles in an elastic packing material and device to carry out said method
    PCT/EP1997/005284 WO1998017534A1 (en) 1996-10-17 1997-09-26 Method for packing articles in an elastic packing material and device to carry out said method
    CN97198927A CN1095791C (en) 1996-10-17 1997-09-26 Method for packing articles in elastic picking material and device to carry out said method
    NZ334931A NZ334931A (en) 1996-10-17 1997-09-26 Packaging articles in elastic material and device therefor including a receptacle in which a partial vacuum is generated
    US09/284,545 US6321513B1 (en) 1996-10-17 1997-09-26 Method for packing articles in an elastic packing material and device to carry out said method
    IL12904797A IL129047A (en) 1996-10-17 1997-09-26 Method for packaging articles in an elastic packaging material and device to carry out said method
    KR1019990703064A KR20000049005A (en) 1996-10-17 1997-09-26 Method for packing articles in an elastic packing material and device to carry out said method
    PL97332737A PL188459B1 (en) 1996-10-17 1997-09-26 Method of packaging articles with flexible wrapping material and apparatus therefor

    Applications Claiming Priority (1)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    EP96116634A EP0836998B1 (en) 1996-10-17 1996-10-17 Method and device for packaging objects in elastic packaging material

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0836998A1 EP0836998A1 (en) 1998-04-22
    EP0836998B1 true EP0836998B1 (en) 2000-01-26

    Family

    ID=8223306

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP96116634A Expired - Lifetime EP0836998B1 (en) 1996-10-17 1996-10-17 Method and device for packaging objects in elastic packaging material

    Country Status (12)

    Country Link
    US (1) US6321513B1 (en)
    EP (1) EP0836998B1 (en)
    KR (1) KR20000049005A (en)
    CN (1) CN1095791C (en)
    AT (1) ATE189167T1 (en)
    BR (1) BR9712339A (en)
    DE (1) DE59604312D1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2141432T3 (en)
    IL (1) IL129047A (en)
    NZ (1) NZ334931A (en)
    PL (1) PL188459B1 (en)
    WO (1) WO1998017534A1 (en)

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    WO2004063016A1 (en) 2003-01-08 2004-07-29 Fritz Kortschack Industrial packaging method for the preservation and/or surface treatment of foodstuffs, in particular sausage meat
    DE10338482A1 (en) * 2003-05-15 2004-12-09 Fritz Kortschack Industrial packaging of sausage meat, and the like, winds film on both sides of the filling tubes, with tightly bonded edges, to give a filling action where air is excluded to preserve the contents and allow surface treatments

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    US20050085781A1 (en) * 2000-04-26 2005-04-21 Corlett Nadia M. Ultra-compact and highly portable absorbent articles
    US20080134639A1 (en) * 2000-04-26 2008-06-12 Nadia Corlett Vacuum-packaged diaper apparatus and methods
    US20080051754A1 (en) * 2000-04-26 2008-02-28 Nadia Corlett Vacuum-packaged diaper apparatus and methods
    US20080051753A1 (en) * 2000-04-26 2008-02-28 Nadia Corlett Vacuum-packaged diaper apparatus and methods
    US20040167489A1 (en) * 2003-02-14 2004-08-26 Kellenberger Stanley R. Compact absorbent article
    US20050131368A2 (en) * 2003-03-04 2005-06-16 Diaperoos, Llc Vacuum-packed diaper
    US7181894B2 (en) * 2003-03-04 2007-02-27 Diaperoos, Llc Pressing and vacuum-sealing diaper in vacuum chamber
    US20070095693A1 (en) * 2005-11-03 2007-05-03 Sealed Air Corporation (Us) Compressed layered roll package and associated method
    DE102007023328A1 (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Anders Agil Gmbh Warm meat packaging equipment for packing of piece of meat into section of hose, is provided with clamp within area of opening for guidance of hose section of intended hollow body
    US8132393B2 (en) * 2008-03-04 2012-03-13 Sealed Air Corporation Radial compression system for rolls of material and associated method
    DE102010045192A1 (en) * 2010-04-27 2011-10-27 DIL Deutsches Institut für Lebensmitteltechnik e.V. Method for preferably continuous packaging of food
    JP5893007B2 (en) * 2010-05-12 2016-03-23 エーブリー デニソン コーポレイションＡｖｅｒｙ Ｄｅｎｎｉｓｏｎ Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｉｏｎ Heat shrink packaging method
    CN103662180A (en) * 2013-11-30 2014-03-26 南通宝田包装科技有限公司 Packaging bag packing supporting seat
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    DE10338482A1 (en) * 2003-05-15 2004-12-09 Fritz Kortschack Industrial packaging of sausage meat, and the like, winds film on both sides of the filling tubes, with tightly bonded edges, to give a filling action where air is excluded to preserve the contents and allow surface treatments
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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    PL332737A1 (en) 1999-10-11
    DE59604312D1 (en) 2000-03-02
    CN1234004A (en) 1999-11-03
    ATE189167T1 (en) 2000-02-15
    US6321513B1 (en) 2001-11-27
    EP0836998A1 (en) 1998-04-22
    BR9712339A (en) 1999-08-31
    WO1998017534A1 (en) 1998-04-30
    NZ334931A (en) 2001-04-27
    IL129047A (en) 2001-11-25
    PL188459B1 (en) 2005-02-28
    CN1095791C (en) 2002-12-11
    ES2141432T3 (en) 2000-03-16
    KR20000049005A (en) 2000-07-25
    IL129047A0 (en) 2000-02-17
    AU4624497A (en) 1998-05-15
    AU715019B2 (en) 2000-01-13

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