EP0836003A1 - Injecteur de combustible pour un moteur thermique et moteur thermique équipé d'un tel injecteur - Google Patents

Injecteur de combustible pour un moteur thermique et moteur thermique équipé d'un tel injecteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0836003A1
EP0836003A1 EP97117481A EP97117481A EP0836003A1 EP 0836003 A1 EP0836003 A1 EP 0836003A1 EP 97117481 A EP97117481 A EP 97117481A EP 97117481 A EP97117481 A EP 97117481A EP 0836003 A1 EP0836003 A1 EP 0836003A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injector
axis
spray assembly
control assembly
assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97117481A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0836003B1 (fr
Inventor
Massimo Carrara
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Iveco SpA
Original Assignee
Iveco Fiat SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Iveco Fiat SpA filed Critical Iveco Fiat SpA
Publication of EP0836003A1 publication Critical patent/EP0836003A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0836003B1 publication Critical patent/EP0836003B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel-injected heat engine, in particular but not exclusively of the compression-ignition (diesel) type used in commercial vehicles.
  • injectors for supplying fuel to heat engines comprise a spray assembly adapted to inject the fuel into a combustion chamber of an associated cylinder, and an electrohydraulic control assembly; these assemblies are normally coaxial to one another and integrated in a common casing of elongate tubular shape.
  • the injector is mounted in the engine cylinder head, preferably in a position coaxial to the associated cylinder, with the spray assembly arranged to pass through a wall of the cylinder head upwardly bounding the combustion chamber; the injector extends axially into the tappet housing between the valve springs and emerges at the top through cover of the housing itself.
  • the object of the present invention is to devise a fuel injector for a heat engine, which makes it possible to eliminate the disadvantages of the aforementioned known injectors.
  • a fuel injector for a heat engine comprising a spray assembly extending along an axis and provided with end nozzle means and with shut-off means which are associated with said nozzle means and which can move along said axis, and an electrohydraulic control assembly for said shut-off means, characterised in that said control assembly extends transversely with respect to said axis of said spray assembly.
  • the present invention also relates to a fuel-injected heat engine provided with at least one cylinder and with a cylinder head accommodating at least one injector associated with said cylinder, the injector comprising a spray assembly extending along an axis and provided with end nozzle means and with shut-off means which are associated with said nozzle means and which can move along said axis, and an electrohydraulic control assembly for said shut-off means, characterised in that said control assembly extends transversely with respect to said axis of said spray assembly.
  • the reference numeral 1 generally denotes a heat engine, only part of which is illustrated.
  • the engine 1 comprises a cylinder head 2, suitably made of a light alloy, which has a lower wall 3 upwardly bounding the combustion chamber (not shown) of the cylinders (also not shown), and defines upwardly a tappet housing 4 in which is accommodated a valve-control assembly 5 of known type.
  • the engine 1 comprises four valves 6 per cylinder, two of which are shown in Figure 1.
  • the tappet housing 4 is closed upwardly by a cover (not shown) and is bounded downwardly by a substantially horizontal intermediate bottom wall 7 of the cylinder head 2, which forms a support for the valve springs 8.
  • the engine 1 also comprises an injector 9 for each cylinder.
  • Each cylinder 9 ( Figure 2) comprises a spray assembly 10 and a control assembly 11.
  • the spray assembly 10 has a vertical axis coincident with the axis of the associated cylinder and comprises a tubular casing 14 which is made of a number of parts to facilitate assembly and machining, and which is provided with an axial cavity 15.
  • the casing 14 has a lower end portion 16 of reduced diameter, which is mounted in a seating 17 passing through the wall 3 and which is provided end nozzles 18 communicating with the associated combustion chamber.
  • the spray assembly 10 further comprises a needle-type shut-off member 19 (hereinafter designated “needle 19") which slides in the cavity 15 and which is intended to co-operate with the nozzles 18 in a fluidtight manner, and a piston 22 sliding fluidtightly in a pressure chamber 23 defining an upper end portion of the cavity 15.
  • needle 19 a needle-type shut-off member 19
  • the piston 22 and the needle 19 are provided with respective stems 24, 25 intended to co-operate with one another end on.
  • the needle 19 is urged downwards, i.e. towards the closed position, under the action of the piston 22 subjected to the pressure in the chamber 23 and of a spring 26 accommodated in the cavity 15 of the casing 14 coaxially to the stems 24, 25.
  • the needle 19 is provided with an intermediate annular thrust surface 27 of smaller area than the section of the piston 22, which faces downwards into a second pressure chamber 28 provided in the casing 14.
  • control assembly 11 extends transversely with respect to the axis A of the spray assembly 10.
  • the assembly 11 comprises a solenoid valve 30 of known type and which, therefore, will not be described in detail.
  • the solenoid valve comprises an elongate outer body 31 extending integrally from an upper portion of the casing 14 and provided with an axial cavity 32 having an axis B orthogonal to the axis A, and a moving element 33 sliding axially in the cavity 32.
  • the cavity 32 communicates at one of its ends with the pressure chamber 23 through a passage 34 which is of narrow diameter and which is intended to be connected at its opposite end to a fuel-recirculating passage 34 (not shown) through a connector 35.
  • the moving element 33 comprises a ball-type shut-off member 36 intended to co-operate in a fluidtight manner with a tapered seating 37 leading into the passage 34 so as to isolate from the latter the cavity 34 and, therefore, the connector 35.
  • the injector 9 comprises a connector 40 for the inlet of fuel under high pressure.
  • the connector 40 is secured to a lower extension 41 of the body 31 of the solenoid valve 30 and communicates with a feed passage 42 provided in the extension 41 itself and extending along an axis C which is inclined with respect to the axes A and B, towards the connection zone of the body 31 with the solenoid valve 30 and the casing 14.
  • the passage 42 is connected to the pressure chamber 23 by a passage 43 of narrow diameter, and to the second pressure chamber 28 by a passage 44.
  • the injector 9 can be wholly accommodated in an intermediate chamber 45 of the cylinder head 2 situated between the lower wall 3 and the bottom wall 7 of the tappet housing 4.
  • the chamber 45 communicates with the exterior of the engine through a lateral opening 46 in the cylinder head 2, which enables the injector 9 to be installed and the feed and recirculation pipes to pass therethrough, as well as a control cable (not shown) for the solenoid valve 30.
  • the injector 9 is secured in its installation position by a setscrew 50 with an axis A, which screw is installed through the bottom wall 7 of the tappet housing 4 and which acts at one of its ends against an upper bearing surface 52 of the casing 14 disposed transversal to the axis A and intersected by this latter.
  • the screw 50 is screwed into an axial hole 53 of a bush 54 which, in turn, is screwed into a through-hole in the wall 7.
  • the bush 54 which is suitably made of steel, is interposed between the screw 50 and the wall 7 (of light alloy) so as to obviate damage to the latter as a result of repeatedly screwing and unscrewing the screw 50 for maintenance operations.
  • the diameter of the hole 55 makes it possible to machine the injector seating 17 in the wall 3 of the cylinder head 2.
  • the screw 54 advantageously has an annular seating 56 for a sealing ring 57 which co-operates with the bush 54 so as to prevent any leakage of oil from the tappet housing 4.
  • the mode of operation of the injector 9, which is known per se, is as follows.
  • the needle 19 is held in the closed position by the spring 26 and by the hydraulic pressure acting on the piston 22, which prevail over the hydraulic pressure acting on the surface 27 of the needle 19.
  • the solenoid valve 30 is energised, the first pressure chamber 23 is connected to the recirculation passage; therefore, the piston 22 is free to move upwards so as to enable the needle 19 to open under the action of the hydraulic pressure prevailing in the second pressure chamber 28 on the surface 27, which action prevails over the elastic reaction of the spring 26.
  • the screw 50 can be actuated from the tappet housing 4 by means of a conventional implement.
  • control assembly 11 in the chamber 45 makes it possible to reduce the thermal stress on the assembly 11 itself. Any loss of fuel does not contaminate the engine oil.
  • the passages inside the injector are of shorter length and, therefore, the pressure losses are reduced. Moreover, as the drilling lengths are less, the diameter of the spray assembly can be reduced. Finally, the dimensions of the moving elements inside the injector 9 are reduced.
  • control assembly 11 can extend in a direction which is transverse but not orthogonal to the axis A of the spray assembly 10.
  • the injector 9 can be secured in the cylinder head 2 by means of a conventional clamping bracket instead of the screw 50.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP97117481A 1996-10-11 1997-10-09 Moteur thermique équipé d'un injecteur de combustible Expired - Lifetime EP0836003B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT96TO000833A IT1288748B1 (it) 1996-10-11 1996-10-11 Iniettore di combustibile per un motore endotermico e motore endotermico provvisto di tale iniettore
ITTO960833 1996-10-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0836003A1 true EP0836003A1 (fr) 1998-04-15
EP0836003B1 EP0836003B1 (fr) 2003-01-22

Family

ID=11414954

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97117481A Expired - Lifetime EP0836003B1 (fr) 1996-10-11 1997-10-09 Moteur thermique équipé d'un injecteur de combustible

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0836003B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69718591T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2188843T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT1288748B1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0922852A2 (fr) 1997-12-09 1999-06-16 LUCAS INDUSTRIES public limited company Système de carburant
EP3061940A1 (fr) * 2015-02-27 2016-08-31 AVL Powertrain Engineering, Inc. Injecteur de carburant avec angle de buses décalé
US10066590B2 (en) 2015-02-27 2018-09-04 Avl Powertrain Engineering, Inc. Opposed piston three nozzle combustion chamber design
US10161371B2 (en) 2015-02-27 2018-12-25 Avl Powertrain Engineering, Inc. Opposed piston three nozzle piston bowl design

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2145081A5 (fr) * 1971-07-08 1973-02-16 Peugeot & Renault
EP0196265A2 (fr) * 1985-03-25 1986-10-01 Stanadyne Inc. Injecteur à accumulateur
EP0228578A1 (fr) * 1985-12-02 1987-07-15 Marco Alfredo Ganser Dispositif d'injection de combustible pour moteur à combustion interne
JPS62291462A (ja) * 1986-06-12 1987-12-18 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の燃料噴射装置
FR2636675A1 (fr) * 1988-09-21 1990-03-23 Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kk Injecteur de combustible, dispositif d'injection de combustible, comportant cet injecteur et moteur diesel equipe d'un tel dispositif
DE4332119A1 (de) * 1993-09-22 1995-03-23 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2289313B (en) * 1994-05-13 1998-09-30 Caterpillar Inc Fluid injector system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2145081A5 (fr) * 1971-07-08 1973-02-16 Peugeot & Renault
EP0196265A2 (fr) * 1985-03-25 1986-10-01 Stanadyne Inc. Injecteur à accumulateur
EP0228578A1 (fr) * 1985-12-02 1987-07-15 Marco Alfredo Ganser Dispositif d'injection de combustible pour moteur à combustion interne
JPS62291462A (ja) * 1986-06-12 1987-12-18 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の燃料噴射装置
FR2636675A1 (fr) * 1988-09-21 1990-03-23 Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kk Injecteur de combustible, dispositif d'injection de combustible, comportant cet injecteur et moteur diesel equipe d'un tel dispositif
DE4332119A1 (de) * 1993-09-22 1995-03-23 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 182 (M - 702) 27 May 1988 (1988-05-27) *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0922852A2 (fr) 1997-12-09 1999-06-16 LUCAS INDUSTRIES public limited company Système de carburant
EP3061940A1 (fr) * 2015-02-27 2016-08-31 AVL Powertrain Engineering, Inc. Injecteur de carburant avec angle de buses décalé
US10066590B2 (en) 2015-02-27 2018-09-04 Avl Powertrain Engineering, Inc. Opposed piston three nozzle combustion chamber design
US10161371B2 (en) 2015-02-27 2018-12-25 Avl Powertrain Engineering, Inc. Opposed piston three nozzle piston bowl design

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITTO960833A0 (it) 1996-10-11
IT1288748B1 (it) 1998-09-24
DE69718591T2 (de) 2003-11-20
EP0836003B1 (fr) 2003-01-22
ITTO960833A1 (it) 1998-04-11
ES2188843T3 (es) 2003-07-01
DE69718591D1 (de) 2003-02-27

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