EP0828908A1 - Movable shelter, in particular for covering a swimming pool - Google Patents
Movable shelter, in particular for covering a swimming poolInfo
- Publication number
- EP0828908A1 EP0828908A1 EP97901123A EP97901123A EP0828908A1 EP 0828908 A1 EP0828908 A1 EP 0828908A1 EP 97901123 A EP97901123 A EP 97901123A EP 97901123 A EP97901123 A EP 97901123A EP 0828908 A1 EP0828908 A1 EP 0828908A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coφs
- carrier
- shelter
- shelter according
- composite material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H3/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons
- E04H3/10—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons for meetings, entertainments, or sports
- E04H3/14—Gymnasiums; Other sporting buildings
- E04H3/16—Gymnasiums; Other sporting buildings for swimming
- E04H3/165—Gymnasiums; Other sporting buildings for swimming having movable parts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
- E04B1/34305—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport telescopic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mobile shelter intended in particular for covering a swimming pool, comprising a plurality of arches, optionally nestable in a nesting fashion by displacement on a base of at least one arch of said plurality of arches, each arch being formed at each end and sometimes in the center of a support body and between each support body of a cover body.
- the prior art teaches in particular swimming pool shelters as defined above.
- the major drawback of these lies in the fact that these shelters must have a high mechanical strength in order to be able to withstand vertical loads due to snow or lateral loads due to wind.
- This imposes on the structure certain dimensional characteristics, of weight and rigidity which on the one hand affect the manufacturing cost and therefore the sale price, thus limiting the number of people who can acquire such a shelter, which on the other hand impose a significant space on the ground, the latter limiting the possibilities of installing shelters on swimming pools with a small space around them, and which finally by their weight associated with their too low rigidity, lead, in the case of shelters telescopic, of which said arches are nestable in a nesting fashion, the deformation of said arch when it is subjected to the unilateral longitudinal forces generated by a person seeking to move a single arch of said shelter, this deformation thus creating bracing effects, prohibiting the.
- the present invention proposes to overcome the above drawbacks and to provide other advantages.
- a mobile or portable shelter intended in particular for the cover of a swimming pool comprising a plurality of arches possibly nesting in a nesting fashion by displacement on a base of at least a first arch of said plurality of arches nestable, at least the first arch of said plurality of possibly nestable arches comprising several load-bearing bodies, a cover body linked laterally to said load-bearing bodies, characterized in that said load-bearing bodies are at least for their central part made of composite material made of a core of light material with a cellular structure, said core being surrounded by a layer of at least a second element with a fibrous structure impregnated with a layer of synthetic resin curable by polymerization.
- the resistance of the composite material is given essentially by the association of the second element with a fibrous structure and of the synthetic resin, the core of material with a cellular structure having the main role of keeping the fibrous structure and the synthetic resin in position. at time of polymerization.
- the cell structure may be chosen so as to contribute to the mechanical resistance of the whole of the structure thus constituted, in particular to the resistance to compression forces.
- the composite material used for the production of said support bodies comprises internal ribs made up of the second element with a fibrous structure impregnated with synthetic resin, arranged in the longitudinal or transverse direction of the support body and connecting the external layers thereof .
- the presence of said internal ribs advantageously makes it possible to increase the resistance of the structure thus formed to compressive, tensile and shear forces.
- the composite material used for the production of said carrier bodies of said shelter comprises a third element with a notably fibrous structure, inserted into the synthetic resin, in addition to or in partial replacement of said second element with fibrous structure.
- This addition advantageously makes it possible to increase the resistance of the structure thus constituted by the use of the properties complementary to this third element to that of the second element with a fibrous structure.
- the weight of the structure and in particular of said load-bearing bodies will be significantly lowered compared to that of the structures of the prior art.
- This characteristic allows the operator to easily maneuver said arch whether it is nestable in a nesting fashion in the previous one or whether it is simply transportable manually when the user wishes to discover the swimming pool.
- said carrier bodies are provided with inserts passing through them and the ends of which are integral with the walls and ribs of said carrier bodies, said inserts being made of a material different from said first three elements; these inserts advantageously allow the positioning of the support crosspieces of said cover body between said load-bearing bodies of said same arch, said crosspieces thus being perfectly secured to said load-bearing bodies.
- the inserts will pass through the carrier body partially; they will be integral with a wall of said carrier body and said inner longitudinal rib.
- said carrier bodies are provided with means of U-shaped inserts embedded longitudinally in the carrier body and emerging at the surface thereof; they are placed over the entire length of the carrier body; these inserts advantageously allow the establishment of the panels constituting said cover body as well as possible seals between two bearing bodies of two adjacent arches.
- This characteristic allows the easy and inexpensive realization of the assembly of the carrier bodies with the cover bodies, in particular thanks to the very limited number of means for fixing said crosspieces with said carrier bodies, this number being reduced to one; means for fixing each end of each cross member to said carrier body being sufficient. Furthermore, this characteristic makes it possible to produce an assembly avoiding the ingress of water flowing over the cover body and the bearing bodies inside the arch, the water possibly entering the U-shaped insert being channeled by this profile to the bottom of the carrier body.
- the opposite ends of two of said crosspieces are connected together by tensioning means, which may in particular be cables; these tensioning means are thus arranged diagonally at the level of the cover body.
- tensioning means constitute the diagonals of fixed length of a parallelogram; they thus prevent the deformation of said arch when an operator exerts a unilateral longitudinal thrust on one of the sides of said carrying bodies of said arch to move it; ifs therefore avoid the effects of bracing and allow the movement of a said arch of said shelter by a single operator, even for large shelters.
- the thickness of the carrier bodies is adjusted to the forces which the carrier body must resist; it will therefore be gradually decreased from the center of the carrier body to the ends thereof.
- This characteristic makes it possible on the one hand to reduce the cost of each of the load-bearing bodies by reducing the raw material and the manufacturing time necessary for the development of the load-bearing body, and on the other hand to reduce the size on the ground of the arches and therefore to make the best use of the space available for the shelter, particularly around the swimming pool.
- the carrier bodies can be made in several parts, the various parts then being able to be made of materials of different nature, for example the central part made of composite material as described above and the lateral parts made of metallic material.
- This characteristic advantageously makes it possible to use the mechanical strength and feasibility properties of the various materials; it also makes it possible to easily transport the various parts constituting said shelter from its place of manufacture to its place of establishment, the unit length of each of the parts of the bearing bodies being thus reduced.
- the assembly of the various parts of the carrier body will be carried out either using joint bars made of composite materials, or by embedding. This characteristic advantageously makes it possible to reduce the weight of the structure.
- Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a mobile shelter according to the invention.
- Figure 2a shows the section of the arch constituting the carrier bodies;
- Figures 2b, 2c and 2d show how the fibers constituting the second element are arranged in the various walls of the carrier body.
- FIG. 3 represents a variant of the section of the arch in which a reinforcement has been produced by adding a rib consisting of a layer of synthetic resin associated with a layer of fiber.
- Figure 4 shows a variant of the section of the profile, with ( Figure 4a) or without ( Figure 4b) transverse rib in which has been integrated a U-shaped profile allowing easy embedding in the bearing bodies of the panels constituting the body cover.
- FIG. 5 represents the core of the structure made of rigid material which could have been bent thanks to partial transverse cuts.
- Figure 6 shows the section of the carrier body in which the U-shape allowing the embedding of the cover body is obtained at the time of polymerization, and therefore does not require the establishment of a permanently U-shaped profile .
- FIG. 7 represents in the section of the carrying body, a third element of fibrous structure or not, intended for the reinforcement of the structure of the carrying body.
- FIGS. 8a and 8b respectively represent a front view and a side view of the inserts of the cross members supporting the cover body and supporting the cross members of discontinuity of the cover body, the positioning of these cross members in the carrier body as well as the fixing means.
- Figures 9, 10 and 11 show respectively the top view, the front view and the perspective view of the shelter object of the invention provided with anti-bracing cables.
- Figure 12 shows a carrier body consisting of 3 parts of a different nature.
- FIG 13 shows a non-telescopic shelter.
- the telescopic shelter more particularly intended to cover a swimming pool, comprises arches (3), possibly nesting in a nesting fashion thanks to the linear displacement of said arches on a base, which allows partial or total covering of the swimming pool.
- the shelter shown in Figure 1 comprises three arches (3) each constituted of three carrier body (1) and s' vr ody cover (2).
- the cover body (2) can be produced in several parts, possibly of a different nature, each of these parts then being interconnected by discontinuity crosspieces (18).
- the supporting bodies (1) as shown in FIG. 1 are made of composite material, examples of structure of which are given in FIGS. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. They can be in several parts, each part being in material of a possibly different nature as illustrated in FIG. 12.
- the carrier body has a rectangular section obtained by the arrangement on the various faces of the inner core called the first element (6), of layers of a second element with a fibrous structure (5), for example impregnated glass fibers synthetic resin (4) curable by polymerization.
- the core (6) may advantageously be made of expanded polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam, cardboard or any other low-cost material constituting a support for assembling the fibrous structure and the synthetic resin which is sufficiently rigid at the time of polymerization so that the geometry of the assembly is not changed in an uncontrolled manner during polymerization. If expanded polystyrene or polyurethane foam is used, the rigidity of these materials is too great to be able to bend them and thus be able to give the core (6) that they constitute the final form of the carrier body (1) without it breaking; to overcome this difficulty, partial cross sections (9) are made as shown in FIG.
- these cuts have the second advantage of constituting reserves of synthetic resin which after polymerization of the structure will be ribs and will contribute to the mechanical resistance of the bearing body and in particular to the resistance to compressive forces; an advantageous variant consists in placing the second element (5) with a fibrous structure inside these cutouts so that the mechanical resistance of the ribs thus formed is increased.
- the second element with a fibrous structure (5) will advantageously be glass fiber, carbon fiber, or any other material having a high mechanical strength associated with a low weight. It will be chosen and positioned in the structure so that its fibers are mainly oriented in the direction of the forces; thus, the fibers placed in the lower and upper outer walls (10) are mainly oriented in the long direction of the carrier body (1) as illustrated in FIG. 2b; the fibers placed in the sides (11) will preferably be oriented at 45 ° relative to the longitudinal direction of the carrier body; in an easier embodiment described in Figure 2d, the fibers are placed in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the carrier body (1) in proportion dependent on the mechanical stresses exerted on the hoop.
- the layers of fibrous structure (5) will project beyond their base wall, folded on the adjacent walls and will be made integral with the latter by the synthetic resin (4) with which all the fibrous structure layers (5) are impregnated.
- U-shaped inserts (7) are placed inside the carrier body (1) in the longitudinal direction of the latter. These inserts will advantageously allow the maintenance of the polycarbonate or other panels constituting the covering body (2) as well as the maintenance of seals, as will be described later.
- the establishment of the profile (7) is carried out at the time of the assembly of the core (6), the fibrous structure (5) and the synthetic resin (4); thus, in a single operation, a carrying bar is obtained ready to receive the covering body (2).
- the profile of these U-shaped inserts (7) will advantageously be determined so that their insertion inside the structure is mechanically resistant; this is obtained by giving them an external shape comprising hooking bosses (8).
- cefinsert (7) will be made of a material capable of being bonded by synthetic resin (4) so that this U-shaped insert can thus be made integral with the assembly formed by the fibrous structure ( 5) and the synthetic resin (4), be suitable for bending so as to be able to be adjusted to the shape of the carrier body (1) and to have a high resistance to aggressive atmospheric agents, such as aluminum alloys, plastics and composite materials.
- This third element will be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the carrier body and will be placed in the most mechanically stressed places of the section, for example in the parts furthest from the neutral fiber.
- This material will advantageously have a very high mechanical resistance such as for example carbon fibers or steel cables with very high mechanical resistance.
- Inserts (15) allowing the embedding of the support crosspieces (17) of the cover body (2) inside the carrier body (1) are placed transversely to the carrier body and parallel to the base on which the shelter moves. as illustrated in Figures 8a and 8b. These inserts (15) are made integral with the structure by bonding using synthetic resin (4) which provides the mechanical connection between the walls and ribs of the assembly and the inserts (15).
- inserts (15) are suitable for bonding by synthetic resin (4), of sufficient mechanical strength to transmit the forces of the crosspieces (17) supporting the cover body (2) to the carrier body (1) and of high resistance to aggressive atmospheric agents; they will advantageously be made of aluminum alloy, plastic material, composite material, stainless steel, ordinary steel treated on the surface so as to give them resistance to aggressive atmospheric agents, or any material having the properties required above. indicated.
- the cover body (2) and the cross members (17) and (18) have been assembled by fitting the cover body (2) into the U-shaped profiles (7) of the load-bearing bodies (1), then by embedding the support crosspieces (17) of the cover body (2) in the inserts (15), to permanently fix this assembly, it will suffice to place a fixing means (23 ), of any known nature, of the crosspiece (17) with the insert (15).
- Tensioning means (11) are placed between each of the bodies carrying the same arch; they connect the central part of a first support body (1) at the level of the embedding of the central crosspiece (17) in the latter with the top of the lateral part of the second support body (1) at the level of the embedding a crosspiece (17) in this second carrier body. As illustrated in FIGS. 9, 10 and 11, these tensioning means (11) cross at the center of the cover body (2) and pass between the cover body and the cross members (17) supporting the cover body. They thus constitute the diagonals of determined length of a parallelogram and therefore prevent this parallelogram from deforming; they thus avoid deformation of the arch when an operator exerts a thrust in one direction or in the opposite direction, the opposite side of the arch being driven simultaneously by means of crossed tensioning means.
- tensioning means (11) must be rigidly fixed to the carrier bodies (1) so that no relative displacement of the tensioning means with respect to the latter. This rigid fixing will be carried out by means of the inserts (15) for fixing the sleepers or inserts placed specially for this purpose in the bearing bodies (1).
- tensioning means will be determined so that they have a high mechanical resistance, that they can be bendable so as to be able to follow the curve of the arches and finally that they have a high resistance to aggressive atmospheric agents. ; thus these tensioning means could be carbon fiber or stainless steel cables or any other known tensioning means meeting the required characteristics.
- the carrier bodies (1) advantageously adopt a cross section of variable thickness, small in the lateral zones (21) little mechanically stressed and greater in the central part (20) which must withstand the highest mechanical stresses, so on the one hand to reduce the quantity of materials used for the production of the carrier body (1) and therefore reduce the cost, and on the other hand to allow a small footprint of the base on which rests and is moved the shelter.
- the carrier bodies (1) are interconnected by a plurality of crosspieces (17) supporting the cover body; sleepers (18) of different profile from that of the support sleepers (17), also make it possible to create discontinuities in the cover body; one of the original features of the invention resides in the embedding of these crosspieces in the cover body by means of the inserts (15) and by the use of these crosspieces to support the tensioning means (11) and thus prevent these are inside the cabin created by the pool enclosure as shown in Figure 8.
- the carrier body (1) may be made up of several parts, the central part (20) being of composite material, the lateral parts (21) being either of composite material or of another material, having properties complementary to that of the central part.
- the central part (20) must be made of a light material, of high mechanical strength and having good resistance to aggressive atmospheric agents; for the side parts which are less mechanically stressed, in addition to the cost, the mechanical strength and the resistance to aggressive atmospheric agents will also be considered as a criterion for the selection of materials, their ease of preparation and implementation; these lateral parts (21) of the carrier body may therefore be made of composite material or of an aluminum alloy.
- the simultaneous use of these various materials makes it possible to combine the best characteristics of each of them, the lightness and the mechanical strength of the composite material for the central part, the ease of implementation for the vertical part.
- the assembly of these various parts will preferably be carried out using fishplates of composite material which can either be screwed or bolted, or be glued.
- This assembly of the various parts of the carrier body can also be carried out without connecting ribs, the profiles of the various parts being determined to allow their embedding in each other.
- the central part (20) which is more mechanically stressed being of decreasing thickness starting from its center and going towards its ends; and generally larger than those of the lateral parts (21), which makes it possible to reduce the quantity of material used and likewise the space taken up on the ground of the shelter.
- This structure of the hoop in several parts also has the advantage of allowing easy transport of the various parts of the shelter, an arch being now made up of various parts of reduced unit size compared to that of the carrying body (1) produced in one piece.
- Figure 13 shows a mobile but not telescopic shelter; the advantage of the invention in this case lies in the low weight of the arches thus produced, which allows, when the user wishes to discover the swimming pool, the easy movement of each arch (3) by two operators placed on each side of this arch.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
Abstract
A movable shelter, in particular for covering a swimming pool, including load-bearing bodies made of a composite material consisting of a core (6) of cellular material with walls on which layers of a fibrous element (5) are arranged, said layers being impregnated with a polymerisation-curable synthetic resin.
Description
ABRI MOBILE, NOTAMMENT DESTINE A LA COUVERTURE D'UNE PISCINE MOBILE SHELTER, ESPECIALLY FOR COVERING A POOL
La présente invention se rapporte à un abri mobile destiné notamment à la couverture d'une piscine, comportant une pluralité d'arches, éventuellement emboîtables de manière gigogne par déplacement sur une base d'une arche au moins de ladite pluralité d'arches, chaque arche étant constituée à chaque extrémité et parfois au centre d'un corps porteur et entre chaque corps porteur d'un corps de couverture.The present invention relates to a mobile shelter intended in particular for covering a swimming pool, comprising a plurality of arches, optionally nestable in a nesting fashion by displacement on a base of at least one arch of said plurality of arches, each arch being formed at each end and sometimes in the center of a support body and between each support body of a cover body.
L'art antérieur enseigne notamment des abris de piscines tels que définis ci-dessus. L'inconvénient majeur de ceux-ci réside dans le fait que ces abris doivent avoir une résistance mécanique élevée pour pouvoir supporter les charges verticales dues à la neige ou latérales dues au vent. Ceci impose à la structure certaines caractéristiques dimensionnelles, de poids et de rigidité qui d'une part affectent le coût de fabrication et donc le prix de vente, limitant ainsi le nombre de personnes pouvant acquérir un tel abri, qui d'autre part imposent un encombrement important au sol, ce dernier limitant les possibiltés d'installation des abris sur les piscines disposant d'un faible espace autour d'elles, et qui enfin de par leur poids associé à leur trop faible rigidité, entrainent, dans le cas des abris télescopiques dont lesdites arches sont emboîtables de manière gigogne, la déformation de ladite arche lorsque celle-ci est soumise aux efforts longitudinaux unilatéraux engendrés par une personne cherchant à déplacer seule unedite arche dudit abri, cette déformation créant ainsi des effets d'arc-boutement, interdisant le. déplacement d'une dite arche de l'abri par une seule personne sauf à installer des rails de guidage au sol inesthétiques, dangereux, coûteux et augmentant les difficultés de nettoyage et d'entretien ou à placer un moteur indépendant de chaque côté d'une arche motrice de l'abri, solution onéreuse augmentant les risques de panne et grevant les coûts d'entretien de l'ensemble, et dans le cas des abris non emboîtables de manière gigogne, nécessitant pour le déplacement desdites arches la présence d'un nombre important de personnes de par leur poids. La présente invention se propose de pallier aux inconvénients ci- dessus et d'apporter d'autres avantages. Plus précisément, elle consiste en un abri mobile ou portable destiné notamment à la couverture d'une piscine comportant une pluralité d'arches éventuellement emboîtables de manière gigogne par un déplacement sur une base d'une première arche au moins de ladite pluralité d'arches emboîtables, la première arche au moins de ladite pluralité d'arches éventuellement emboîtables comprenant plusieurs corps porteurs, un corps de couverture lié latéralement aux dits corps porteurs, caractérisé en ce que lesdits corps porteurs sont au moins pour leur partie centrale en matériau composite constitué d'une âme en matériau léger à structure cellulaire, ladite âme étant entourée d'une couche au moins d'un deuxième élément à structure fibreuse imprégnée d'une couche de résine synthétique durcissable par polymérisation.The prior art teaches in particular swimming pool shelters as defined above. The major drawback of these lies in the fact that these shelters must have a high mechanical strength in order to be able to withstand vertical loads due to snow or lateral loads due to wind. This imposes on the structure certain dimensional characteristics, of weight and rigidity which on the one hand affect the manufacturing cost and therefore the sale price, thus limiting the number of people who can acquire such a shelter, which on the other hand impose a significant space on the ground, the latter limiting the possibilities of installing shelters on swimming pools with a small space around them, and which finally by their weight associated with their too low rigidity, lead, in the case of shelters telescopic, of which said arches are nestable in a nesting fashion, the deformation of said arch when it is subjected to the unilateral longitudinal forces generated by a person seeking to move a single arch of said shelter, this deformation thus creating bracing effects, prohibiting the. displacement of a so-called arch of the shelter by a single person except to install unsightly, dangerous, costly guide rails on the ground which increase cleaning and maintenance difficulties or to place an independent motor on each side of a driving arch of the shelter, an expensive solution increasing the risk of breakdown and encumbering the maintenance costs of the assembly, and in the case of shelters which cannot be nestled in a pull-out fashion, requiring for the movement of said arches the presence of a number important to people because of their weight. The present invention proposes to overcome the above drawbacks and to provide other advantages. More specifically, it consists of a mobile or portable shelter intended in particular for the cover of a swimming pool comprising a plurality of arches possibly nesting in a nesting fashion by displacement on a base of at least a first arch of said plurality of arches nestable, at least the first arch of said plurality of possibly nestable arches comprising several load-bearing bodies, a cover body linked laterally to said load-bearing bodies, characterized in that said load-bearing bodies are at least for their central part made of composite material made of a core of light material with a cellular structure, said core being surrounded by a layer of at least a second element with a fibrous structure impregnated with a layer of synthetic resin curable by polymerization.
La résistance du matériau composite- est donnée essentiellement par l'association du deuxième élément à structure fibreuse et de la résine synthétique, l'âme en matériau à structure cellulaire ayant pour rôle principal le maintien en position de la structure fibreuse et de la résine synthétique au
moment de la polymérisation. Néanmoins, la structure cellulaire pourra être choisie de manière à contribuer à la résistance mécanique de l'ensemble de la structure ainsi constituée, notamment à la résistance aux efforts de compression. Selon une caractéristique avantageuse, le matériau composite utilisé pour la réalisation desdits corps porteurs comprend des nervures internes constituées du deuxième élément à structure fibreuse imprégnée de résine synthétique, disposées dans la direction longitudinale ou transversale du corps porteur et reliant les couches externes de celui-ci. La présence desdites nervures internes permet avantageusement d'augmenter la résistance de la structure ainsi constituée aux efforts de compression, de traction et de cisaillement.The resistance of the composite material is given essentially by the association of the second element with a fibrous structure and of the synthetic resin, the core of material with a cellular structure having the main role of keeping the fibrous structure and the synthetic resin in position. at time of polymerization. Nevertheless, the cell structure may be chosen so as to contribute to the mechanical resistance of the whole of the structure thus constituted, in particular to the resistance to compression forces. According to an advantageous characteristic, the composite material used for the production of said support bodies comprises internal ribs made up of the second element with a fibrous structure impregnated with synthetic resin, arranged in the longitudinal or transverse direction of the support body and connecting the external layers thereof . The presence of said internal ribs advantageously makes it possible to increase the resistance of the structure thus formed to compressive, tensile and shear forces.
Selon une autre caractéristique, le matériau composite utilisé pour la réalisation desdits corps porteurs dudit abri comprend un troisième élément à structure notamment fibreuse, inséré dans la résine synthétique, en addition ou en remplacement partiel dudit deuxième élément à structure fibreuse. Cette addition permet avantageusement d'augmenter la résistance de la structure ainsi constituée par l'utilisation des propriétés complémentaires de ce troisième élément à celle du deuxième élément à structure fibreuse .According to another characteristic, the composite material used for the production of said carrier bodies of said shelter comprises a third element with a notably fibrous structure, inserted into the synthetic resin, in addition to or in partial replacement of said second element with fibrous structure. This addition advantageously makes it possible to increase the resistance of the structure thus constituted by the use of the properties complementary to this third element to that of the second element with a fibrous structure.
Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse, grâce à l'emploi de matériaux de faible densité et de haute résistance mécanique, le poids de la structure et notamment desdits corps porteurs sera sensiblement abaissé par rapport à celuLdes structures de l'art antérieur. Cette caractéristique permet à l'opérateur de manoeuvrer aisément ladite arche qu'elle soit emboîtable de manière gigogne dans la précédente ou qu'elle soit simplement transportable manuellement lorsque l'utilisateur souhaite découvrir la piscine.According to another advantageous characteristic, thanks to the use of materials of low density and high mechanical strength, the weight of the structure and in particular of said load-bearing bodies will be significantly lowered compared to that of the structures of the prior art. This characteristic allows the operator to easily maneuver said arch whether it is nestable in a nesting fashion in the previous one or whether it is simply transportable manually when the user wishes to discover the swimming pool.
Selon une autre caractéristique, lesdits corps porteurs sont munis d'inserts les traversant et dont les extrémités sont solidaires des parois et nervures desdits corps porteurs, lesdits inserts étant en un matériau différent desdits trois premiers éléments ; ces inserts permettent avantageusement la mise en place des traverses de support dudit corps de couverture entre lesdits corps porteurs d'unedite même arche, cesdites traverses étant ainsi parfaitement solidarisées auxdits corps porteurs. En variante de réalisation plus aisée, les inserts traverseront le corps porteur partiellement ; ils seront solidaires d'une paroi dudit corps porteur et de ladite nervure longitudinale intérieure.According to another characteristic, said carrier bodies are provided with inserts passing through them and the ends of which are integral with the walls and ribs of said carrier bodies, said inserts being made of a material different from said first three elements; these inserts advantageously allow the positioning of the support crosspieces of said cover body between said load-bearing bodies of said same arch, said crosspieces thus being perfectly secured to said load-bearing bodies. In an easier embodiment variant, the inserts will pass through the carrier body partially; they will be integral with a wall of said carrier body and said inner longitudinal rib.
Cette caractéristique procure à ladite arche une rigidité importante qui limite la déformation de la structure et réduit donc l'effet d'arc-boutement lorsqu'un opérateur seul effectue un effort longitudinal unilatéral sur unedite arche pour la déplacer. Le déplacement d'unedite arche dudit abri est donc possible par un seul opérateur sans moyen de rail au sol et de motorisation. Selon une autre caractéristique, lesdits corps porteurs sont munis de moyens d'inserts en forme de U encastrés longitudinalement dans le corps porteur et débouchant en surface de celui-ci ; ils sont placés sur toute la longueur du corps porteur ; ces inserts permettent avantageusement la mise en place des panneaux constituant ledit corps de couverture ainsi que
d'éventuels joints d'étanchéité entre deux corps porteurs de deux arches adjacentes.This characteristic gives said arch a high rigidity which limits the deformation of the structure and therefore reduces the bracing effect when a single operator makes a unilateral longitudinal force on a said arch to move it. The movement of said arch of said shelter is therefore possible by a single operator without means of ground rail and motorization. According to another characteristic, said carrier bodies are provided with means of U-shaped inserts embedded longitudinally in the carrier body and emerging at the surface thereof; they are placed over the entire length of the carrier body; these inserts advantageously allow the establishment of the panels constituting said cover body as well as possible seals between two bearing bodies of two adjacent arches.
Cette caractéristique permet la réalisation aisée et peu onéreuse de l'assemblage des corps porteurs avec les corps de couverture, notamment grâce au nombre très limité des moyens de fixation desdites traverses avec lesdits corps porteurs, ce nombre étant réduit à un ; un moyen de fixation par extrémité de chaque traverse avec ledit corps porteur étant suffisant. Par ailleurs, cette caractéristique permet de réaliser un assemblage évitant les entrées de l'eau ruisselant sur le corps de couverture et les corps porteurs à l'intérieur de l'arche, l'eau éventuellement rentrant dans l'insert en forme de U étant canalisée par ce profilé jusqu'en bas du corps porteur.This characteristic allows the easy and inexpensive realization of the assembly of the carrier bodies with the cover bodies, in particular thanks to the very limited number of means for fixing said crosspieces with said carrier bodies, this number being reduced to one; means for fixing each end of each cross member to said carrier body being sufficient. Furthermore, this characteristic makes it possible to produce an assembly avoiding the ingress of water flowing over the cover body and the bearing bodies inside the arch, the water possibly entering the U-shaped insert being channeled by this profile to the bottom of the carrier body.
Selon une autre caractéristique, les extrémités opposées de deux desdites traverses sont reliées entre elles par des moyens de tension, pouvant notamment être des câbles ; ces moyens de tension sont ainsi disposés diagonalement au niveau du corps de couverture.According to another characteristic, the opposite ends of two of said crosspieces are connected together by tensioning means, which may in particular be cables; these tensioning means are thus arranged diagonally at the level of the cover body.
Ces moyens de tension constituent les diagonales de longueur figée d'un parallélogramme ; ils empêchent ainsi la déformation de ladite arche lorsqu'un opérateur exerce une poussée longitudinale unilatérale sur un des côtés desdits corps porteurs de ladite arche pour la déplacer ; ifs évitent donc les effets d'arc-boutement et autorisent le déplacement d'unedite arche dudit abri par un seul opérateur, même pour des abris de grandes dimensions.These tensioning means constitute the diagonals of fixed length of a parallelogram; they thus prevent the deformation of said arch when an operator exerts a unilateral longitudinal thrust on one of the sides of said carrying bodies of said arch to move it; ifs therefore avoid the effects of bracing and allow the movement of a said arch of said shelter by a single operator, even for large shelters.
Selon une autre caractéristique, l'épaisseur des corps porteurs est ajustée aux efforts auxquels le corps porteur doit résister ; elle sera donc diminuée progressivement depuis le centre du corps porteur jusqu'aux extrémités de celui-ci.According to another characteristic, the thickness of the carrier bodies is adjusted to the forces which the carrier body must resist; it will therefore be gradually decreased from the center of the carrier body to the ends thereof.
Cette caractéristique permet d'une part de réduire le coût de chacun des corps porteurs en diminuant la matière première et le temps de fabrication nécessaires à l'élaboration du corps porteur, et d'autre part de réduire l'encombrement au sol des arches et donc d'utiliser au mieux l'espace disponible pour l'abri notamment autour de la piscine.This characteristic makes it possible on the one hand to reduce the cost of each of the load-bearing bodies by reducing the raw material and the manufacturing time necessary for the development of the load-bearing body, and on the other hand to reduce the size on the ground of the arches and therefore to make the best use of the space available for the shelter, particularly around the swimming pool.
Selon une autre caractéristique, les corps porteurs peuvent être réalisés en plusieurs parties, les diverses parties pouvant alors être en matériaux de nature différente, par exemple la partie centrale en matériau composite comme décrit précédemment et les parties latérales en matériau métallique.According to another characteristic, the carrier bodies can be made in several parts, the various parts then being able to be made of materials of different nature, for example the central part made of composite material as described above and the lateral parts made of metallic material.
Cette caractéristique permet avantageusement d'utiliser les propriétés de résistance mécanique et de faisabilité des différents matériaux ; elle permet en outre de transporter aisément les diverses parties constituant ledit abri de son lieu de fabrication à son lieu d'implantation, la longueur unitaire de chacune des parties des corps porteurs étant ainsi réduite.This characteristic advantageously makes it possible to use the mechanical strength and feasibility properties of the various materials; it also makes it possible to easily transport the various parts constituting said shelter from its place of manufacture to its place of establishment, the unit length of each of the parts of the bearing bodies being thus reduced.
Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, l'assemblage des diverses parties du corps porteur sera réalisé soit à l'aide d'éclisses en matériaux composites, soit par encastrement. Cette caractéristique permet avantageusement de réduire le poids de la structure.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the assembly of the various parts of the carrier body will be carried out either using joint bars made of composite materials, or by embedding. This characteristic advantageously makes it possible to reduce the weight of the structure.
Pour mieux comprendre l'invention, ses caractéristiques et avantages ci-dessus décrits, on se reportera aux exemples de mode de réalisation d'un
abri selon l'invention donnés ci-après ainsi qu'aux dessins annexés ; cette lecture fera apparaître d'autres avantages et caractéristiques.To better understand the invention, its characteristics and advantages described above, reference is made to the examples of embodiment of a shelter according to the invention given below as well as in the accompanying drawings; this reading will reveal other advantages and characteristics.
La figure 1 représente une vue en perspective d'un premier exemple de réalisation d'un abri mobile selon l'invention. La figure 2a représente la section de l'arceau constituant les corps porteurs ; les figures 2b, 2c et 2d montrent comment sont disposées les fibres constituant le deuxième élément dans les diverses parois du corps porteur.Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a mobile shelter according to the invention. Figure 2a shows the section of the arch constituting the carrier bodies; Figures 2b, 2c and 2d show how the fibers constituting the second element are arranged in the various walls of the carrier body.
La figure 3 représente une variante de la section de l'arceau dans laquelle a été réalisé un renforcement par adjonction d'une nervure constituée d'une couche de résine synthétique associée à une couche de fibre.FIG. 3 represents a variant of the section of the arch in which a reinforcement has been produced by adding a rib consisting of a layer of synthetic resin associated with a layer of fiber.
La figure 4 représente une variante de la section du profilé, avec (figure 4a) ou sans (figure 4b) nervure transversale dans laquelle a été intégré un profil en forme de U permettant l'encastremement aisé dans les corps porteurs des panneaux constituant le corps de couverture.Figure 4 shows a variant of the section of the profile, with (Figure 4a) or without (Figure 4b) transverse rib in which has been integrated a U-shaped profile allowing easy embedding in the bearing bodies of the panels constituting the body cover.
La figure 5 représente l'âme de la structure en matériau rigide qui a pu être cintrée grâce à des découpes transversales partielles.FIG. 5 represents the core of the structure made of rigid material which could have been bent thanks to partial transverse cuts.
La figure 6 montre la section du corps porteur dans laquelle la forme de U permettant l'encastrement du corps de couverture est obtenue au moment de la polymérisation, et donc ne nécessite pas la mise en place d'un profilé en forme de U à demeure.Figure 6 shows the section of the carrier body in which the U-shape allowing the embedding of the cover body is obtained at the time of polymerization, and therefore does not require the establishment of a permanently U-shaped profile .
La figure 7 représente dans la section du corps porteur, un troisième élément de structure fibreuse ou non, destiné au renforcement de la structure du corps porteur.FIG. 7 represents in the section of the carrying body, a third element of fibrous structure or not, intended for the reinforcement of the structure of the carrying body.
Les figures 8a et 8b représentent respectivement en vue de face et vue de côté les inserts d'encastrement des traverses support du corps de couverture et support des traverses de discontinuité du corps de couverture, le positionnement de ces traverses dans le corps porteur ainsi que le moyen de fixation.FIGS. 8a and 8b respectively represent a front view and a side view of the inserts of the cross members supporting the cover body and supporting the cross members of discontinuity of the cover body, the positioning of these cross members in the carrier body as well as the fixing means.
Les figures 9, 10 et 11 représentent respectivement la vue de dessus, la vue de face et la vue en perspective de l'abri objet de l'invention muni des câbles anti arc-boutement.Figures 9, 10 and 11 show respectively the top view, the front view and the perspective view of the shelter object of the invention provided with anti-bracing cables.
La figure 12 représente un corps porteur constitué de 3 parties de nature différente.Figure 12 shows a carrier body consisting of 3 parts of a different nature.
La figure 13 montre un abri non télescopique. L'abri télescopique, plus particulièrement destiné à couvrir une piscine, comprend des arches (3), éventuellement emboîtables de façon gigogne grâce au déplacement linéaire desdites arches sur une base, ce qui permet le recouvrement partiel ou total de la piscine. A titre d'exemple, l'abri représenté en figure 1 comprend trois arches (3) constituées chacune de trois corps porteurs (1 ) et de s'v rorps de couverture (2). Le corps de couverture (2) peut être réalisé en plusieurs parties, éventuellement de nature différente, chacune de ces parties étant alors reliées entre elles par des traverses de discontinuité (18).Figure 13 shows a non-telescopic shelter. The telescopic shelter, more particularly intended to cover a swimming pool, comprises arches (3), possibly nesting in a nesting fashion thanks to the linear displacement of said arches on a base, which allows partial or total covering of the swimming pool. For example, the shelter shown in Figure 1 comprises three arches (3) each constituted of three carrier body (1) and s' vr ody cover (2). The cover body (2) can be produced in several parts, possibly of a different nature, each of these parts then being interconnected by discontinuity crosspieces (18).
Les corps porteurs (1 ) comme montrés en figure 1 sont en matériau composite dont des exemples de structure sont donnés dans les figures 2, 3, 4, 5 et 6. Ils peuvent être en plusieurs parties, chaque partie étant en
matériau de nature éventuellement différente comme illustrée par la figure 12.The supporting bodies (1) as shown in FIG. 1 are made of composite material, examples of structure of which are given in FIGS. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. They can be in several parts, each part being in material of a possibly different nature as illustrated in FIG. 12.
Le corps porteur a une section de forme rectangulaire obtenue par la disposition sur les diverses faces de l'âme intérieure dite premier élément (6), de couches d'un deuxième élément à structure fibreuse (5), par exemple des fibres de verre imprégnées de résine synthétique (4) durcissables par polymériation.The carrier body has a rectangular section obtained by the arrangement on the various faces of the inner core called the first element (6), of layers of a second element with a fibrous structure (5), for example impregnated glass fibers synthetic resin (4) curable by polymerization.
L'âme (6) pourra être avantageusement en mousse de polystyrène expansé ou en mousse de polyuréthane, en carton ou en tout autre matériau de faible coût constituant un support a l'assemblage de la structure fibreuse et de la résine synthétique qui soit suffisamment rigide au moment de la polymérisation pour que la géométrie de l'ensemble ne soit pas modifiée de façon non contrôlée au cours de la polymérisation. Si on utilise de la mousse de polystyrène expansé ou de polyuréthane, la rigidité de ces matériaux est trop importante pour qu'on puisse les cintrer et qu'on puisse ainsi donner à l'âme (6) qu'elles constituent la forme définitive du corps porteur (1 ) sans qu'elle ne casse ; pour pallier à cette difficulté, on effectue des coupes transversales partielles (9) comme indiqué en figure 5 ; ces coupes ont pour second avantage de constituer des réserves de résine synthétique qui après polymérisation de la structure seront des nervures et contribueront à la résistance mécanique du corps porteur et en particulier à la résistance aux efforts de compression ; une variante avantageuse consiste à placer à l'intérieur de ces découpes le deuxième élément (5) à structure fibreuse pour que la résistance mécanique des nervures ainsi constituées soit augmentée.The core (6) may advantageously be made of expanded polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam, cardboard or any other low-cost material constituting a support for assembling the fibrous structure and the synthetic resin which is sufficiently rigid at the time of polymerization so that the geometry of the assembly is not changed in an uncontrolled manner during polymerization. If expanded polystyrene or polyurethane foam is used, the rigidity of these materials is too great to be able to bend them and thus be able to give the core (6) that they constitute the final form of the carrier body (1) without it breaking; to overcome this difficulty, partial cross sections (9) are made as shown in FIG. 5; these cuts have the second advantage of constituting reserves of synthetic resin which after polymerization of the structure will be ribs and will contribute to the mechanical resistance of the bearing body and in particular to the resistance to compressive forces; an advantageous variant consists in placing the second element (5) with a fibrous structure inside these cutouts so that the mechanical resistance of the ribs thus formed is increased.
Le deuxième élément à structure fibreuse (5) sera avantageusement de la fibre de verre, de la fibre de carbone, ou tout autre matériau possédant une forte résistance mécanique associée a un faible poids. Il sera choisi et positionné dans la structure de manière à ce que ses fibres soient principalement orientées dans la direction des efforts ; ainsi, les fibres placées dans les parois intrados et extrados extérieures (10) sont en majeure partie orientées dans le sens long du corps porteur (1 ) comme illustré en figure 2b ; les fibres placées dans les flancs (11 ) seront de préférence orientées à 45° par rapport à la direction longitudinale du corps porteur ; dans une variante plus aisée de réalisation décrite par la figure 2d, les fibres sont placées dans les directions longitudinales et transversales du corps porteur (1) en proportion dépendante des contraintes mécaniques exercées sur l'arceau.The second element with a fibrous structure (5) will advantageously be glass fiber, carbon fiber, or any other material having a high mechanical strength associated with a low weight. It will be chosen and positioned in the structure so that its fibers are mainly oriented in the direction of the forces; thus, the fibers placed in the lower and upper outer walls (10) are mainly oriented in the long direction of the carrier body (1) as illustrated in FIG. 2b; the fibers placed in the sides (11) will preferably be oriented at 45 ° relative to the longitudinal direction of the carrier body; in an easier embodiment described in Figure 2d, the fibers are placed in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the carrier body (1) in proportion dependent on the mechanical stresses exerted on the hoop.
Des nervures (12) constituées par la mise en place à l'intérieur de l'âme (6), de couches de structure fibreuse (5) imprégnée de résine synthétique (4) sont placées â l'intérieur de la structure du corps porteur, dans le sens long de celui-ci ; elles sont disposées parallèlement aux parois extérieures du corps porteur et le traversent de part en part ; l'orientation des fibres de la matière fibreuse (5) sera de préférence semblable à celle des parois extérieures auxquelles la nervure est parallèle. Ces nervures (12) contribuent avantageusement à la résistance mécanique du corps porteur ainsi constitué.
De manière à transmettre les contraintes mécaniques, de façon optimale, des parois intrados et extrados (10) aux parois latérales (11) et aux nervures (12), les couches de structure fibreuse (5) seront débordantes de leur paroi de base, repliées sur les parois adjacentes et seront rendues solidaires de ces dernières par la résine synthétique (4) dont toutes les couches à structure fibreuse (5) sont imprégnées.Ribs (12) formed by placing inside the core (6), layers of fibrous structure (5) impregnated with synthetic resin (4) are placed inside the structure of the carrier body , in the long sense of it; they are arranged parallel to the outer walls of the carrier body and pass right through it; the orientation of the fibers of the fibrous material (5) will preferably be similar to that of the outer walls to which the rib is parallel. These ribs (12) advantageously contribute to the mechanical strength of the carrier body thus formed. In order to transmit the mechanical stresses, optimally, from the lower and upper surfaces (10) to the side walls (11) and to the ribs (12), the layers of fibrous structure (5) will project beyond their base wall, folded on the adjacent walls and will be made integral with the latter by the synthetic resin (4) with which all the fibrous structure layers (5) are impregnated.
Des inserts en forme de U (7) sont placés à l'intérieur du corps porteur (1 ) dans le sens longitudinal de ce dernier. Ces inserts vont avantageusement permettre le maintien des panneaux de polycarbonates ou d'autre nature constituant le corps de couverture (2) ainsi que le maintien de joints d'étanchéité, comme cela sera décrit plus loin. La mise en place du profil (7) est réalisée au moment de l'assemblage de l'âme (6), de la structure fibreuse (5) et de la résine synthétique (4) ; ainsi on obtient en une seule opération un arceau porteur prêt à recevoir le corps de couverture (2). Le profil de ces inserts en forme de U (7) sera avantageusement déterminé pour que leur insertion à l'intérieur de la structure soit mécaniquement résistante ; ceci est obtenu en leur donnant une forme extérieure comprenant des bossages d'accrochage (8). Le profil de cet insert en forme de U sera également défini de façon à éviter que l'eau de ruissellement pénètre à l'intérieur de la structure du corps porteur (1 ) ou à l'intérieur de l'abri ; ce profil comprend au moins un bossage intérieur (14) qui canalise l'eau de ruissellement, qui aurait pu pénétrer entre le corps de couverture (2) et le corps porteur (1 ), jusqu'aux extrémités (21 ) du corps porteur (1). Par ailleurs cefinsert (7) sera constitué d'un matériau apte au collage par la résine synthétique (4) de manière à ce que cet insert en forme d'un U puisse ainsi être rendu solidaire de l'assemblage constitué par la structure fibreuse (5) et la résine synthétique (4), être apte au cintrage de manière à pouvoir être ajusté à la forme du corps porteur (1) et présenter une grande résistance aux agents atmosphériques agressifs, comme les alliages d'aluminium, les matières plastiques et les matériaux composites.U-shaped inserts (7) are placed inside the carrier body (1) in the longitudinal direction of the latter. These inserts will advantageously allow the maintenance of the polycarbonate or other panels constituting the covering body (2) as well as the maintenance of seals, as will be described later. The establishment of the profile (7) is carried out at the time of the assembly of the core (6), the fibrous structure (5) and the synthetic resin (4); thus, in a single operation, a carrying bar is obtained ready to receive the covering body (2). The profile of these U-shaped inserts (7) will advantageously be determined so that their insertion inside the structure is mechanically resistant; this is obtained by giving them an external shape comprising hooking bosses (8). The profile of this U-shaped insert will also be defined so as to prevent the runoff water from penetrating inside the structure of the carrier body (1) or inside the shelter; this profile comprises at least one internal boss (14) which channels the runoff water, which could have penetrated between the cover body (2) and the support body (1), up to the ends (21) of the support body ( 1). In addition, cefinsert (7) will be made of a material capable of being bonded by synthetic resin (4) so that this U-shaped insert can thus be made integral with the assembly formed by the fibrous structure ( 5) and the synthetic resin (4), be suitable for bending so as to be able to be adjusted to the shape of the carrier body (1) and to have a high resistance to aggressive atmospheric agents, such as aluminum alloys, plastics and composite materials.
Il est à noter comme montré par la figure 6 qu'en variante à la mise en place d'un insert en forme de U (7), il est possible de créer directement dans la structure cette forme de U permettant le maintien du corps de couverture (2) ; ceci est obtenu par la mise en place au moment l'assemblage de l'âme (6), de la structure fibreuse (5) et de la résine synthétique (4) avant la polymérisation, d'un insert qui sera éliminé après polymérisation. La nature de cet insert sera déterminé de façon à ce qu'il soit cintrable, suffisament résistant mécaniquement pour que sa géométrie ne soit pas déformée lors de la polymérisation et enfin qu'il ne soit pas collable par la résine synthétique (4) de manière à ce qu'il puisse être éliminé après polymérisation ; on pourra avantageusement choisir comme matériau pour cet insert le polyméthacrylate ou tout autre matériau présentant les caractéristiques indiquées ci-dessus. Comme montré dans la figure 7, la mise. en place d'un troisième élément (13) à structure fibreuse ou non de nature différente de celle du deuxième élément à structure fibreuse (5), dont les propriétés seront complémentaires à celle de ce deuxième élément (5) se fait au moment de la
réalisation de l'assemblage de l'âme (6), du deuxième élément en structure fibreuse (5) et de la résine synthétique avant la polymérisation de cette dernière par adjonction de ce troisième élément (13). Ce troisième élément sera disposé dans le sens longitudinal du corps porteur et sera disposé aux endroits les plus sollicités mécaniquement de la section, par exemple dans les parties les plus éloignées de la fibre neutre. Ce matériau aura de manière avantageuse une très forte résistance mécanique comme par exemple les fibres de carbone ou les câbles en acier à très haute résistance mécanique. Des inserts (15) permettant l'encastrement des traverses support (17) du corps de couverture (2) à l'intérieur du corps porteur (1) sont placés transversalement au corps porteur et parallèlement à la base sur laquelle se déplace l'abri comme illustré en figures 8a et 8 b. Ces inserts (15) sont rendus solidaires de la structure grâce à un collage au moyen de résine synthétique (4 ) qui assure la liaison mécanique entre les parois et nervures de l'assemblage et les inserts (15).It should be noted as shown in Figure 6 that as an alternative to the installation of a U-shaped insert (7), it is possible to create directly in the structure this U-shape allowing the body to be maintained. cover (2); this is obtained by putting in place at the time of assembly of the core (6), the fibrous structure (5) and the synthetic resin (4) before polymerization, an insert which will be removed after polymerization. The nature of this insert will be determined so that it is bendable, sufficiently mechanical resistant so that its geometry is not deformed during the polymerization and finally that it is not stickable by the synthetic resin (4) so that it can be removed after polymerization; it is advantageously possible to choose as material for this insert polymethacrylate or any other material having the characteristics indicated above. As shown in Figure 7, the stake . in place of a third element (13) with a fibrous structure or not of a different nature from that of the second element with a fibrous structure (5), the properties of which will be complementary to that of this second element (5) takes place at the time of realization of the assembly of the core (6), of the second element in fibrous structure (5) and of the synthetic resin before the polymerization of the latter by addition of this third element (13). This third element will be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the carrier body and will be placed in the most mechanically stressed places of the section, for example in the parts furthest from the neutral fiber. This material will advantageously have a very high mechanical resistance such as for example carbon fibers or steel cables with very high mechanical resistance. Inserts (15) allowing the embedding of the support crosspieces (17) of the cover body (2) inside the carrier body (1) are placed transversely to the carrier body and parallel to the base on which the shelter moves. as illustrated in Figures 8a and 8b. These inserts (15) are made integral with the structure by bonding using synthetic resin (4) which provides the mechanical connection between the walls and ribs of the assembly and the inserts (15).
La nature des inserts (15) est déterminée de façon à ce qu'ils soient aptes au collage par la résine synthétique (4), de résistance mécanique suffisamment élevée pour transmettre les efforts des traverses (17) supportant le corps de couverture (2) au corps porteur (1 ) et de résistance élevée aux agents atmosphériques agressifs ; ils seront avantageusement en alliage d'aluminium, en matière plastique, en matière composite, en acier inoxydable, en acier ordinaire traité en surface de manière à leur conférer une résistance aux agents atmosphériques agressifs, ou en toute matière ayant les propriétés requises ci-dessus indiquées.The nature of the inserts (15) is determined so that they are suitable for bonding by synthetic resin (4), of sufficient mechanical strength to transmit the forces of the crosspieces (17) supporting the cover body (2) to the carrier body (1) and of high resistance to aggressive atmospheric agents; they will advantageously be made of aluminum alloy, plastic material, composite material, stainless steel, ordinary steel treated on the surface so as to give them resistance to aggressive atmospheric agents, or any material having the properties required above. indicated.
Une fois l'assemblage des corps porteurs (1), du corps de couverture (2) et des traverses (17) et (18) réalisé par l'encastrement du corps de couverture (2) dans les profils en U (7) des corps porteurs (1), puis par l'encastrement des traverses de support (17) du corps de couverture (2) dans les inserts (15), pour fixer de manière définitive cet assemblage, il suffira de placer un moyen de fixation (23), de toute nature connue, de la traverse (17) avec l'insert (15).Once the carrier bodies (1), the cover body (2) and the cross members (17) and (18) have been assembled by fitting the cover body (2) into the U-shaped profiles (7) of the load-bearing bodies (1), then by embedding the support crosspieces (17) of the cover body (2) in the inserts (15), to permanently fix this assembly, it will suffice to place a fixing means (23 ), of any known nature, of the crosspiece (17) with the insert (15).
Des moyens de tension (11 ) sont placés entre chacun des corps porteurs d'une même arche ; ils relient la partie centrale d'un premier corps porteur (1 ) au niveau de l'encastrement de la traverse centrale (17) dans celui-ci avec le haut de la partie latérale du deuxième corps porteur (1 ) au niveau de l'encastrement d'une traverse (17) dans ce deuxième corps porteur. Comme illustré dans les figures 9, 10 et 11 , ces moyens de tension (11 ) se croisent au centre du corps de couverture (2) et passent entre le corps de couverture et les traverses (17) support du corps de couverture. Ils constituent ainsi les diagonales de longueur déterminée d'un parallélogramme et empêchent donc ce parallélogramme de se déformer ; ils évitent ainsi la déformation de l'arche lorsqu'un opérateur exerce une poussée dans une direction ou dans la direction opposée, le côté opposé de l'arche étant entraîné simultanément par l'intermédiaire des moyens de tension croisés.Tensioning means (11) are placed between each of the bodies carrying the same arch; they connect the central part of a first support body (1) at the level of the embedding of the central crosspiece (17) in the latter with the top of the lateral part of the second support body (1) at the level of the embedding a crosspiece (17) in this second carrier body. As illustrated in FIGS. 9, 10 and 11, these tensioning means (11) cross at the center of the cover body (2) and pass between the cover body and the cross members (17) supporting the cover body. They thus constitute the diagonals of determined length of a parallelogram and therefore prevent this parallelogram from deforming; they thus avoid deformation of the arch when an operator exerts a thrust in one direction or in the opposite direction, the opposite side of the arch being driven simultaneously by means of crossed tensioning means.
Il est à noter que ces moyens de tension (11) doivent être fixés de manière rigide aux corps porteurs (1 ) afin qu'il ne puisse se produire de
déplacement relatif des moyens de tension par rapport à ces derniers. Cette fixation rigide sera réalisée par l'intermédiare des inserts (15) de fixation des traverses ou d'inserts placés spécialement à cet effet dans les corps porteurs (1 ).It should be noted that these tensioning means (11) must be rigidly fixed to the carrier bodies (1) so that no relative displacement of the tensioning means with respect to the latter. This rigid fixing will be carried out by means of the inserts (15) for fixing the sleepers or inserts placed specially for this purpose in the bearing bodies (1).
La nature de ces moyens de tension sera déterminée de manière à ce qu'ils présentent une forte résistance mécanique, qu'ils puissent être cintrables de manière à pouvoir épouser la courbe des arches et enfin qu'ils présentent une forte résistance aux agents atmosphériques agressifs ; ainsi ces moyens de tension pourront être des câbles en fibre de carbone ou en acier inoxydable ou tout autre moyen de tension connu répondant aux caractéristiques requises.The nature of these tensioning means will be determined so that they have a high mechanical resistance, that they can be bendable so as to be able to follow the curve of the arches and finally that they have a high resistance to aggressive atmospheric agents. ; thus these tensioning means could be carbon fiber or stainless steel cables or any other known tensioning means meeting the required characteristics.
Les corps porteurs (1 ) adoptent avantageusement une section transversale d'épaisseur variable, faible dans les zones latérales (21 ) peu sollicitées mécaniquement et plus importante dans la partie centrale (20) qui doit résister aux plus fortes contraintes mécaniques, de manière d'une part à réduire la quantité de matériaux mis en oeuvre pour la réalisation du corps porteur (1 ) et donc en réduire le coût, et d'autre part à permettre un faible encombrement de la base sur laquelle repose et est déplacé l'abri.The carrier bodies (1) advantageously adopt a cross section of variable thickness, small in the lateral zones (21) little mechanically stressed and greater in the central part (20) which must withstand the highest mechanical stresses, so on the one hand to reduce the quantity of materials used for the production of the carrier body (1) and therefore reduce the cost, and on the other hand to allow a small footprint of the base on which rests and is moved the shelter.
Comme dans l'art antérieur, les corps porteurs (1) sont reliés entre eux par une pluralité de traverses (17) de soutien du corps de couverture ; des traverses (18) de profil différent de celui des traverses support (17), permettent également de créer des discontinuités dans le corps de couverture ; une des originalités de l'invention réside dans l'encastrement de ces traverses dans le corps de couverture par l'intermédiaire des inserts (15) et par l'utilisation de ces traverses pour soutenir les moyens de tension (11 ) et éviter ainsi que ceux-ci soient à l'intérieur de l'habitacle créé par l'abri de piscine comme montré par la figure 8.As in the prior art, the carrier bodies (1) are interconnected by a plurality of crosspieces (17) supporting the cover body; sleepers (18) of different profile from that of the support sleepers (17), also make it possible to create discontinuities in the cover body; one of the original features of the invention resides in the embedding of these crosspieces in the cover body by means of the inserts (15) and by the use of these crosspieces to support the tensioning means (11) and thus prevent these are inside the cabin created by the pool enclosure as shown in Figure 8.
Le corps porteur (1 ) peut être constitué de plusieurs parties, la partie centrale (20) étant en matériau composite, les parties latérales (21) étant soit en matériau composite, soit eh une autre matière, présentant des propriétés complémentaires à celle de la partie centrale. En effet la partie centrale (20) doit être en matériau léger, de forte résistance mécanique et présentant une bonne résistance aux agents atmosphériques agressifs ; pour les parties latérales moins sollicitées mécaniquement, outre le coût, la résistance mécanique et la résistance aux agents atmosphériques agressifs sera également considérée comme critère de sélection des matériaux leur facilité d'élaboration et de mise en oeuvre ; ces parties latérales (21 ) du corps porteur pourront donc être en matériau composite ou en alliage d'aluminium. L'utilisation simultanée de ces divers matériaux permet d'associer les meilleures caractéristiques de chacun d'entre eux, la légèreté et la résistance mécanique du matériau composite pour la partie centrale, la facilité de mise en oeuvre pour la partie verticale.The carrier body (1) may be made up of several parts, the central part (20) being of composite material, the lateral parts (21) being either of composite material or of another material, having properties complementary to that of the central part. In fact, the central part (20) must be made of a light material, of high mechanical strength and having good resistance to aggressive atmospheric agents; for the side parts which are less mechanically stressed, in addition to the cost, the mechanical strength and the resistance to aggressive atmospheric agents will also be considered as a criterion for the selection of materials, their ease of preparation and implementation; these lateral parts (21) of the carrier body may therefore be made of composite material or of an aluminum alloy. The simultaneous use of these various materials makes it possible to combine the best characteristics of each of them, the lightness and the mechanical strength of the composite material for the central part, the ease of implementation for the vertical part.
L'assemblage de ces diverses parties sera de préférence réalisé en utilisant des éclisses en matériau composite qui pourront soit être vissées ou boulonnées, soit être collées. Cet assemblage des diverses parties du corps porteur peut également être réalisé sans éclisses de raccordement, les
profils des diverses parties étant déterminés pour permettre leur encastrement les unes dans les autres.The assembly of these various parts will preferably be carried out using fishplates of composite material which can either be screwed or bolted, or be glued. This assembly of the various parts of the carrier body can also be carried out without connecting ribs, the profiles of the various parts being determined to allow their embedding in each other.
Avantageusement, pour constituer le corps porteur (1 ), on associe des parties d'épaisseur différente, la partie centrale (20) plus sollicitée mécaniquement étant d'épaisseur décroissante en partant de son centre et en allant vers ses extrémités ; et généralement plus importante que celles des parties latérales (21 ), ce qui autorise à réduire la quantité de matière utilisée et de même l'encombrement au sol de l'abri.Advantageously, to constitute the carrier body (1), parts of different thickness are combined, the central part (20) which is more mechanically stressed being of decreasing thickness starting from its center and going towards its ends; and generally larger than those of the lateral parts (21), which makes it possible to reduce the quantity of material used and likewise the space taken up on the ground of the shelter.
Cette structure de l'arceau en plusieurs parties présente également l'avantage de permettre le transport aisé des diverses parties de l'abri, un arceau étant maintenant constitué de diverses parties de dimension unitaire réduite par rapport à celle du corps porteur (1 ) réalisé d'une seule pièce.This structure of the hoop in several parts also has the advantage of allowing easy transport of the various parts of the shelter, an arch being now made up of various parts of reduced unit size compared to that of the carrying body (1) produced in one piece.
La figure 13 montre un abri mobile mais non télescopique ; l'intérêt de l'invention dans ce cas réside dans le faible poids des arches ainsi réalisées, ce qui autorise, lorsque l'utilisateur souhaite découvrir la piscine, le déplacement aisé de chaque arche (3) par deux opérateurs placés de chaque côté de cette arche.
Figure 13 shows a mobile but not telescopic shelter; the advantage of the invention in this case lies in the low weight of the arches thus produced, which allows, when the user wishes to discover the swimming pool, the easy movement of each arch (3) by two operators placed on each side of this arch.
Claims
1. Abri mobile destiné notamment à la couverture d'une piscine, comportant une pluralité d'arches (3) éventuellement emboîtables de manière gigogne, lesdites arches (3) étant constituées d'au moins deux coφs porteurs (1), un coφs de couverture (2) lié latéralement auxdits coφs porteurs (1), de traverses support du coφs de couverture (17) et éventuellement de traverses de discontinuité du coφs de couverture (18), caractérisé en ce que lesdits coφs porteurs dudit abri sont au moins pour leur partie centrale (20) en matériau composite constitué d'une âme (6) dite premier élément sur les parois de laquelle sont placées des couches d'un deuxième élément à structure fibreuse (5), lesquelles couches sont imprégnées d'une résine synthétique durcissable par polymérisation (4).1. Mobile shelter intended in particular for the cover of a swimming pool, comprising a plurality of arches (3) optionally nestable in a nesting fashion, said arches (3) consisting of at least two supporting co porteurss (1), a co uns of cover (2) linked laterally to said supporting coφs (1), cross beams supporting the covering co (s (17) and optionally crossbeams of discontinuous coφs covering (18), characterized in that said coφs carrying said shelter are at least for their central part (20) made of composite material consisting of a core (6) called first element on the walls of which are placed layers of a second element with a fibrous structure (5), which layers are impregnated with a synthetic resin curable by polymerization (4).
2. Abri selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que ledit matériau composite constituant ledit coφs porteur (1) comprend un troisième élément (13) à structure fibreuse.2. Shelter according to claim 1 characterized in that said composite material constituting said carrier coφs (1) comprises a third element (13) with a fibrous structure.
3. Abri selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2 caractérisé en ce que ledit matériau composite constituant lesdits coφs porteurs (1) comprend des nervures transversales ou longitudinales (12), lesdites nervures étant constituées de l'élément (5) à structure fibreuse imprégné de résine synthétique durcissable par polymérisation (4).3. Shelter according to any one of claims 1 and 2 characterized in that said composite material constituting said carrier coφs (1) comprises transverse or longitudinal ribs (12), said ribs being made of the element (5) structure fiber impregnated with synthetic resin hardenable by polymerization (4).
4. Abri selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce que ladite âme (6) est un élément à structure cellulaire, rendu cintrable par coupes transversales partielles (9).4. Shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that said core (6) is an element with a cellular structure, made bendable by partial transverse sections (9).
5. Abri selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé en ce que ledit coφs porteur (1) comprend des inserts de profil en forme de U (7) placés dans le sens de la longueur dudit coφs porteur (1). 5. Shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that said carrier coφs (1) comprises U-shaped profile inserts (7) placed lengthwise of said carrier coφs (1).
6. Abri selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 caractérisé en ce ledit coφs porteur comprend des inserts (15) placés transversalement dans le coφs porteur (1) et parallèlement à la base sur laquelle se déplace l'abri et dans lesquels sont encastrées et fixées avec au moins un moyen de fixation connu (23) les traverses (17) support du coφs de couverture (2). 6. Shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that said carrier coφs comprises inserts (15) placed transversely in the carrier coφs (1) and parallel to the base on which the shelter moves and in which are embedded and fixed with at least one known fixing means (23) the crosspieces (17) supporting the covering cost (2).
7. Abri selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 caractérisé en ce que lesdites arches (3) comprennent des moyens de tension (11) reliant le haut des parties latérales d'un premier coφs porteur (1) de l'arche à la partie centrale du d'un deuxième coφs porteur (1) de l'arche, et reliant le haut des parties latérales du deuxième coφs porteur à la partie centrale du premier coφs porteur. 7. Shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 7 characterized in that said arches (3) comprise tensioning means (11) connecting the top of the lateral parts of a first carrier coφs (1) of the arch to the central part of a second carrier coφs (1) of the arch, and connecting the top of the side parts of the second carrier coφs to the central part of the first carrier coφs.
8. Abri selon la revendication 7 caractérisé en ce lesdits moyens de tension8. Shelter according to claim 7 characterized in that said tensioning means
(11) sont solidairement fixés aux coφs porteurs (1) au niveau des encastrements des traverses (17) support du coφs de couverture (2) dans les inserts 15.(11) are fixedly attached to the supporting co (s (1) at the level of the recesses of the crosspieces (17) supporting the covering co (s (2) in the inserts 15.
9. Abri selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9 caractérisé en ce que lesdits coφs porteurs (1) comprennent une section d'épaisseur décroissante en partant de la partie centrale vers les parties latérales.9. Shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 9 characterized in that said carrier coφs (1) comprise a section of decreasing thickness from the central part to the side parts.
10. Abri selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1à 10 caractérisé en ce que le coφs porteur (1) est constitué de trois parties, la partie centrale (20) étant en matériau composite, et les parties latérales (21) étant soit en matériau composite soit en un autre matériau approprié, l'assemblage étant soit réalisé par des éclisses en ^ matériau composite visées ou boulonnéees ou collées, soit par encastrement et vissage ou boulonnage ou collage. 10. Shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 10 characterized in that the carrier coφs (1) consists of three parts, the central part (20) being of composite material, and the lateral parts (21) being either of material composite or in another suitable material, the assembly being either carried out by ribs in ^ composite material referred to or bolted or glued, or by embedding and screwing or bolting or gluing.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9600830A FR2743834B1 (en) | 1996-01-22 | 1996-01-22 | MOBILE SHELTER, ESPECIALLY FOR COVERING A POOL |
FR9600830 | 1996-01-22 | ||
PCT/FR1997/000105 WO1997027374A1 (en) | 1996-01-22 | 1997-01-20 | Movable shelter, in particular for covering a swimming pool |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0828908A1 true EP0828908A1 (en) | 1998-03-18 |
Family
ID=9488441
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97901123A Withdrawn EP0828908A1 (en) | 1996-01-22 | 1997-01-20 | Movable shelter, in particular for covering a swimming pool |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0828908A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2743834B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997027374A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2776000B1 (en) * | 1998-03-11 | 2000-08-11 | Charles Chapus | DEVICE FOR HOLDING A ROOFING ELEMENT IN AN INTERIOR POSITION AND METHOD OF USING SUCH A DEVICE |
FR2781511B1 (en) * | 1998-07-22 | 2000-09-22 | Jean Pierre Wystup | TELESCOPIC SHELTER |
FR2815065B1 (en) * | 2000-10-06 | 2004-07-30 | Ghislain Henri Leurent | COVERAGE STRUCTURE SUITABLE FOR DISCOVERY, PARTICULARLY FOR POOLS |
ITBA20130051A1 (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2014-12-28 | Telform New Generation Srl | STRUCTURE FOR MODULAR, THERMOFORMED AND SELF-SUPPORTING COVERS |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3464168A (en) * | 1967-11-03 | 1969-09-02 | Us Army | Portable shelter |
GB1298570A (en) * | 1968-12-30 | 1972-12-06 | Reynald Baddeley Richards | Building structure and method of manufacture |
FR2198514A5 (en) * | 1972-08-29 | 1974-03-29 | Sodistra | Prefabricated building system - using composite panels with strong (polyester) skins enclosing insulating (PVC) foam blocks except where light transmission is required |
DE3247039A1 (en) * | 1982-12-18 | 1984-06-20 | Günther Dipl.-Ing. 6901 Wiesenbach Koch | Interconnection system for forming structural elements |
DE9002719U1 (en) * | 1990-03-08 | 1990-06-07 | OBRU Schwimmbadüberdachungen Rudolf Oberdorfer, 8508 Wendelstein | Construction element for a hall-like swimming pool cover |
-
1996
- 1996-01-22 FR FR9600830A patent/FR2743834B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-01-20 EP EP97901123A patent/EP0828908A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-01-20 WO PCT/FR1997/000105 patent/WO1997027374A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9727374A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2743834B1 (en) | 1998-02-20 |
FR2743834A1 (en) | 1997-07-25 |
WO1997027374A1 (en) | 1997-07-31 |
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