EP0822896B1 - Structure stratifiee ayant une resistance au feu amelioree et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Structure stratifiee ayant une resistance au feu amelioree et son procede de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0822896B1
EP0822896B1 EP95922551A EP95922551A EP0822896B1 EP 0822896 B1 EP0822896 B1 EP 0822896B1 EP 95922551 A EP95922551 A EP 95922551A EP 95922551 A EP95922551 A EP 95922551A EP 0822896 B1 EP0822896 B1 EP 0822896B1
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Prior art keywords
cement
layer
silicate
water
mgo
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EP95922551A
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German (de)
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EP0822896A1 (fr
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Tomislav Atevic
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VONCINA, MILAN
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Voncina Milan
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Priority claimed from HR950255A external-priority patent/HRP950255B1/xx
Priority claimed from FI952241A external-priority patent/FI952241A0/fi
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B13/045—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B13/12—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
    • C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B9/00—Magnesium cements or similar cements
    • C04B9/11—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/044—Water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/08—Reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/12—Ships
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/18—Aircraft
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a structure as defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a further object of the invention is a procedure as defined in the preamble of claim 17.
  • FR 2479182 A concerns a moulded facing for construction element with skin produced from magnesium oxide and chloride binder.
  • Moulded facings for construction elements are produced by casting a two-component hydraulic binder onto the bottom of a mould to form a surface skin, reinforcing the skin with at least one reinforcing layer of mineral, vegetable or organic origin, and heating to 40 - 50 °C to accelerate oxychloride formation by the magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride components of the binder.
  • the facings are non-flammable, having high mechanical strength and contain natural reinforcing materials.
  • the binder may consist of 20 - 30% magnesium chloride, 70 - 80% magnesium oxide and as small an amount of water as is required to obtain a mouldable mixture.
  • the binder may contain 25 - 30% filler such as sand, laterite, calcium carbonate or marble powder.
  • the binder layer is preferably reinforced by fibres, especially a glass fibre mat comprising 2 - 5% of the layer.
  • Sorel cement composition containing added ethyl silicate to provide stability against attack by water.
  • Sorel cement composition comprises MgCl 2 , MgO water and ethyl silicate, the last is sufficient quantity to render the mixture stable to water i.e. 0.5 - 2 wt.%.
  • the cement may be mixed with glass fibres in amount 1 -- 10 wt.%.
  • the cement is hardened in an atmosphere which is relatively saturated.
  • the addition of ethyl silicate overcomes the sensitivity to water.
  • the object of the present invention is to produce a completely new type of structure which can be used in a manner and in applications corresponding to organic resins, e.g. in reinforced structures with a fibrous framework, but which new structure has a fire resistance of an order totally different from reinforced plastic structures and is also cheap to manufacture, strong, durable and light.
  • a specific object of the invention is to produce a fire resistant coat, a hard or an elastic wall, a laminated board and/or laminated structure with or without thermal and/or sound insulation, which can be used e.g. in mechanical engineering, building, boat, vehicle, aeroplane and shipbuilding industries.
  • the structure of the invention is characterized by what is presented in claim 1.
  • the procedure of the invention is characterized by what is presented in claim 17.
  • the structure comprises a layer of inorganic silicate-oxychloridic cement which is composed of water (H 2 O), magnesium sulphate (MgSO 4 ), magnesium oxide (MgO) and sodium silicate (waterglass).
  • MgSO 4 magnesium sulphate
  • MgO magnesium oxide
  • sodium silicate waterglass
  • magnesium chloride magnesium chloride
  • the resulting material is silicate-oxychloridic cement.
  • fire resistance such cement is light, hard, strong and water resistant. When wet, it adheres well to any other structure, so it can be used as a coating and in different laminated structures to join the laminae together without the need to use any other adhesive materials.
  • the material has been found in fire tests that when the material is heated on a flame to high temperatures, e.g. to a temperature of 900 °C, an endothermic reaction and a cooling of the thermal wave occur in the material, with the effect that the temperature in the material cannot rise to a critical level. Furthermore, the cement does not develop any detrimental gases. Though it is fire resistant, the material contains no asbestos, unlike certain previously known fire resistant structures. The presence of sodium silicate in the material protects it against dissolution in water and enhances its endothermic feature in the combustion process. Moreover, the material has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion, which means that it preserves its shape and is not deformed in fire.
  • the structure is a reinforced laminate, it can be manufactured in open or closed tools under minimum pressure because it adapts to the given shape, allowing large boards to be manufactured in one piece.
  • the structure of the invention weighs only half as much. For instance, conventional reinforced plastic laminate of a thickness of 6 mm weighs 11 - 12 kg/m 2 , whereas corresponding reinforced laminate produced according to the invention weighs about 8 - 9 kg/m 2 .
  • the cement contains about 10 - 20 w-% of water (H 2 O), about 40 - 60 w-% of magnesium oxide (MgO) and ⁇ 10 w-% of sodium silicate.
  • the cement contains about 30 - 40 w-% of magnesium sulphate (MgSO 4 ) or alternatively magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ).
  • the layer is a coating formed from said silicate-oxychloridic cement and/or slicate-oxysulphatic cement, which is applied directly onto the surface of the base material to be protected.
  • the coating can be applied by spraying e.g. onto the metal surface of the bulkhead of a ship.
  • the structure consists of a fibre-reinforced laminate comprising a fibrous reinforcement which is impregnated with a layer of bonding agent consisting of silicate-oxychloridic cement and/or silicate-oxysulphatic cement as mentioned above.
  • the fibrous reinforcement used may consist of a non-alkaline glass fibre mat, felt and/or textile placed in one or more layers on top of each other.
  • the laminate can be provided with a top layer consisting of organic resin.
  • the fibrous reinforcement is preferably at least partially bonded together with the organic resin of the top layer and, on the other hand, preferably to a depth about half its thickness, with the layer of inorganic bonding agent, so that the organic and inorganic layers are joined together.
  • the organic resin of the top layer is a polyester gelcoat rendered hard and more fire resistant by means of aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH) 3 ).
  • Polyester gelcoat is used as in reinforced plastic structures as a top layer to produce a smooth and glossy surface with an esthetic appearance, e.g. in the form of a film of a thickness of about 1 mm.
  • the structure comprises a thin metal sheet, such as a metal foil, which is bonded by means of a bonding cement onto the surface of the structure to form a coat on it.
  • the metal foil adheres well to the surface of a wet cement layer.
  • the coat used may be any suitable metal film which gives the desired esthetic appearance e.g. to a wall element.
  • the structure comprises a layer of insulating material consisting of foamed resin and bonded together with the structure by a cement as mentioned above.
  • the insulating layer of foamed resin may consist e.g. of foamed phenolic resin, polyurethane or styrol. Foamed organic resin as such has a low fire resistance, but when provided with a cement layer as mentioned above, its fire resistance is substantially improved.
  • the structure comprises a layer of fibrous insulating material consisting of inorganic fibre and bonded together with the structure by said cement.
  • the layer of insulating material may consist of fibre glass, mineral wool, rock wool.
  • the layer of insulating material consists of so-called laminated wool, in which the fibre direction is essentially the same as the direction of the board.
  • An uninflammable laminate made from a fibre glass fabric impregnated with a bonding cement together with a layer of insulating material attached to it with a bonding agent forms an uninflammable sound- and heat-insulating rigid laminated board which can be used as a planar or curved wall element in a wide range of applications.
  • the structure is a three-layer structure which has a platelike middle layer of insulating material and two laminates reinforced with a fibrous reinforcement and impregnated with said bonding cement, the two laminates being laminated onto opposite sides of the middle layer.
  • a layer of inorganic silicate-oxychloridic cement and/or inorganic silicate-oxysulphatic cement is formed in the structure.
  • the hardening of the cement can be accelerated by subjecting the structure to a heightened temperature of the order of about 40 - 80 C°.
  • the laminates and laminated structures are manufactured layer by layer in a manner similar to the manufacture of reinforced plastics, i.e. on the wet-on-wet principle, which means that the manufacture can be implemented using a continuous industrial production process.
  • a special advantage of the invention is that it makes it possible to produce structures resembling reinforced plastic structures but which structures, e.g. wall, shell and laminated structures, are incombustible in accordance with the IMO Resolution norm and DIN norm 4102.
  • These structures can be used e.g. in buildings and ships e.g. as wall, ceiling and panel elements etc.
  • the structure of the invention can be used to form e.g. an entire cabin module of a so-called sanitary cubicle type, complete with WC and shower equipment.
  • the norms applying to ships stipulate that the structures should be uninflammable in accordance with the IMO-Res. B15 norm, in other words, that they should withstand a temperature of 900 C° for 15 minutes without catching fire.
  • Reinforced plastic structures do not meet this norm, which is why it has not been possible to use prefabricated reinforced plastic modules in ships, whereas according to the invention the structures can be made such that they even meet the demands of the IMO-Res.
  • B30 norm which is more stringent than the B15 norm, in other words, the structures endure fire at 900 C° for 30 minutes and even longer.
  • the structure of the invention containing a layer of hardened silicate-oxychloridic or silicate-oxysulphatic cement, thus solves the problem of manufacturing fire- and waterproof impregnated structural materials subject to physical influences. It is sufficiently hard and light, and together with an uninflammable insulating material (heat or sound insulation) it can be used in the form of planar or curved boards, as laminated walls usable in containers, cabins, kiosks, doors, partitions, etc. When attached directly to the panel or steel structure of a ship's bulkhead, the laminated structures provide an excellent insulation and fireproofing.
  • the structures of the invention are also usable in cooling systems.
  • Fig. 1 shows a fire resistant protective structure implemented in the form of a coat 1 applied in a thin layer onto a base material e.g. by spraying and hardened on the surface of the base material 2.
  • the base material 2 may consist of any object to be protected, such as the body or bulkhead of a ship, a wall of a building.
  • the fire resisting property is achieved by the coating layer, which may consist of inorganic silicate-oxychloridic cement and/or inorganic silicate-oxysulphatic cement.
  • the silicate-oxysulphatic cement is composed of water (H 2 O), magnesium sulphate (MgSO 4 ), magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ), magnesium oxide (MgO) and sodium silicate (waterglass).
  • the consistency of the cement is preferably such that it contains 10 - 20 w-% of water, about 40 - 60 w-% of magnesium oxide, and at most 10 w-% of sodium silicate.
  • the mixture also contains about 30 - 40 w-% of magnesium sulphate or alternatively magnesium chloride, depending on whether it is to form silicate-oxychloridic cement or silicate-oxysulphatic cement.
  • Fig. 2 shows a rigid laminated board formed by reinforcing the bonding agent 1, which consists of silicate-oxychloridic cement or silicate-oxysulphatic cement corresponding to the coat in the example in fig. 1, with fibrous reinforcements 3. These consist of non-alkaline, in this example two fibre glass mats.
  • the fibre glass mat 3 is sunk in the cement, i.e. impregnated with it.
  • On the surface of the board there is a top layer 4 consisting of organic polyester resin. This layer is preferably formed by using a polyester gelcoat modified with aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH) 3 ).
  • Al(OH) 3 aluminium hydroxide
  • the structure is formed on the wet-on-wet principle.
  • Fig. 3 shows a reinforced laminated board in which a fibre glass mat 3 is sunk in bonding cement 1 as described under fig. 1.
  • a metal foil 5 is laid on top of the bonding agent layer 1 to give the structure an esthetically pleasing appearance.
  • a metal foil 5 or any kind of sheet adheres well to the bonding cement 1 of the invention without the use of any other coupling agent.
  • Fig. 4 shows a laminated sandwich board comprising a layer of insulating material 6; 7 bonded together with a rigid sheetlike surface layer by means of bonding cement 1 e.g. as described in connection with fig. 2.
  • the insulating layer may be an insulation layer 6 consisting of foamed resin or a fibrous insulation layer 7 consisting of inorganic fibre and it is bonded together with the surface sheet structure by the cement 1.
  • the insulation layer may consist e.g. of phenolic resin, polyurethane or styrol.
  • the fireproof fibrous insulation layer 7 again may consist of fibre glass, mineral wool, rock wool or the like. Preferably this insulation layer 7 contains so-called laminated wool, in which the fibre direction is essentially the same as the direction of the board.
  • Fig. 5 shows a three-layer structure comprising a platelike middle layer 6; 7 of insulating material and two laminates reinforced with a fibrous reinforcement 3 and impregnated with said bonding cement 1, laminated onto opposite sides of the middle layer so that the middle layer 6, 7 is contained between the two laminates 3.
  • the laminates 3 may be reinforced with a non-alkaline glass framework and they can be provided with a gel-coat top layer 4 or a metal foil 5 as described in connection with the applications of fig. 2 or 3.
  • the layer of insulating material 6; 7 may consist of a fibrous or foamed insulating material as in the previous example. Such a laminated structure provides excellent insulation against fire, moisture, heat and noise.
  • the fire resistance of the structure can be adjusted simply by varying the thickness of the cement layer, e.g. by adding more cement layers.
  • a laminated board having an area or 1 m 2 and a thickness of 6 mm and either a flat or a curved shape (e.g. prefabricated cabin with WC and shower) and covered with a protecting top layer made of polyester, the following materials are needed:
  • the product is manufactured as follows:
  • a laminated-board panel were to be made from sheets both sides of which are provided with reinforced laminates formed with a bonding cement and which have a 20 mm thick heat insulation of 50 - 80 kg/m 3 mineral wool or fibre glass, then instead of a 450 g/m 2 non-alkaline fibre glass mat, four 300 g/m 2 mat sheets would be used and the procedure would be repeated for each side of the product.
  • a laminated panel of a thickness of 25 mm would have a mass of about 10 kg/m 2 and it would reach a fire resistance according to the DIN 4102 and IMO Resolution B30 and F300 standards, which require an endurance of over 30 minutes.
  • a VAZOMAT laminated board as provided by the invention was subjected to a combustibility test according to the IMO Resolution norm A.472(XII) (Test report DN 5/530-649/94-A).
  • the material was a 10 mm thick sheet made of non-alkaline fibre glass mat, inorganic bonding agent based on oxysulphatic cement and about 10% aluminate bonding agent. According to the test report, the material was found to be non-combustible in accordance with IMO Res. A.472.
  • An IRSOPAN laminate product as provided by the invention was subjected to a surface spread of flame test according to norm BS 476: Part 7: 1971. (Test report number 5/530-649/94-B ZMRK-Institute for Research and Quality Control; Ljubljana, Slovenia).
  • the product under testing was a panel consisting of polyester resin, fibre glass mat and bonding agent.
  • the composition of the panel was as follows:
  • the limit values for the best class according to the norm, class 1 are: flame propagation 165 mm in 1.5 min and final propagation in 10 min.
  • test results for six samples were: flame propagation 25 - 40 min in 1.5 min and final propagation 25 - 40 mm in 10 min.
  • test yielded a result according to which the product meets the limit values of the best "Class 1" according to norm BS 476:Part 7: 1971.
  • the test specimen consisted of three panels of which two had a width of 950 mm and one 465 mm. The thickness of the panel was 50 mm.
  • the panels were made of Novoterm TIP/L glass wool with polyester gelcoat, fibre glass mat, polyester resin, oxysulphatic bonding agent and aluminate bonding agent. In detail, the materials were as follows:
  • the test was performed according to norm IMO Res. A.754 (18).
  • the panel specimens for the test were placed in an upright position in an oil-heated oven so that they formed one wall of the oven interior, the heat being thus applied to one side of the panel.
  • the temperature was measured at seven measuring points on the opposite side of the panel and the temperature change was recorded as a function of time. Corresponding measurements were taken of the temperature inside the oven. The total duration of the test was 41 min.
  • the temperature is shown in Kelvin degrees on the vertical axis and the time in minutes on the horizontal axis.
  • Fig. 6 shows the development of the oven temperature during the test
  • Fig. 7 depicts simultaneous development of the temperature at different measuring points on the outer surface of the panel during the test.
  • Fig. 7 shows clearly that a cooling effect takes place in the structure of the invention, keeping the temperature at a steady low level although the temperature in the oven rises all the time.
  • the door assembly which measured 776x1976 mm, was fitted in the middle of a previously tested bulkhead "B-15".
  • the door panel was made of rock wool sheet coated with polyester gelcoat, fibre glass mat, polyester resin, oxysulphatic bonding agent and aluminate bonding agent. The test was performed using an oven as in the preceding examples.
  • the sample material consisted of the following:
  • Fig. 8 shows the development of the oven temperature during the test, and, correspondingly, Fig. 9 depicts simultaneous development of the temperature at different measuring points on the outer surface of the door panel during the test.
  • Fig. 9 shows clearly that a cooling effect takes place in the structure of the invention, keeping the temperature at a steady low level although the temperature in the oven rises all the time.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Structure laminée ayant une résistance au feu et à l'eau améliorée, caractérisée en ce que la structure comprend une couche (1) de ciment inorganique au silicate-oxysulfaté, qui est constitué d'eau (H2O), de sulfate de magnésium (MgSO4), d'oxyde de magnésium (MgO) et de silicate de sodium (verre soluble) ou de ciment au silicate-oxychloruré, qui est constitué d'eau (H2O), de chlorure de magnésium (MgCl2), d'oxyde de magnésium (MgO) et de silicate de sodium (verre soluble).
  2. Structure selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le ciment contient environ 10 à 20 % en poids d'eau (H2O), environ 40 à 60 % en poids d'oxyde de magnésium (MgO) et ≤ 10 % en poids de silicate de sodium.
  3. Structure selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le ciment contient environ 30 à 40 % en poids de sulfate de magnésium (MgSO4) ou bien, selon une autre solution environ 30 à 40 % en poids de chlorure de magnésium (MgCl2).
  4. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la couche (1) est un revêtement formé à partir dudit ciment au silicate-oxychloruré et/ou dudit ciment au silicate-oxysulfaté, qui est appliqué directement sur la surface du matériau de base (2) qui doit être protégé.
  5. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la structure est un laminé renforcé par des fibres comprenant un renfort fibreux (3) qui est imprégné d'une couche (1) d'un agent liant consistant en ledit ciment au silicate-oxychloruré, et/ou ledit ciment au silicate-oxysulfaté.
  6. Structure selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le renfort fibreux (3) consiste en un ou plusieurs matelas en fibre de verre non alcaline, en feutre et/ou en tissu.
  7. Structure selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisée en ce que la structure comprend une couche supérieure (4) consistant en résine organique.
  8. Structure selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le renfort fibreux est au moins partiellement lié avec la résine organique de la couche supérieure (4) et, par ailleurs, de préférence jusqu'à une profondeur égale à environ la moitié de son épaisseur, avec la couche (1) de matériau liant inorganique, de telle sorte que les couches organique et inorganique sont jointes.
  9. Structure selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisée en ce que la résine organique de la couche supérieure est un enduit gélifié en polyester modifié avec de l'hydroxyde d'aluminium (Al(OH)3).
  10. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisée en ce que la structure comprend une feuille de métal mince (5), telle qu'un film métallisé, qui est liée à l'aide d'une couche de ciment de liaison (1) sur la surface de la structure pour former un revêtement sur celle-ci.
  11. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 ou 5 à 10, caractérisée en ce que la structure comprend une couche (6) de matériau isolant consistant en résine alvéolaire et liée à la structure à l'aide dudit ciment (1).
  12. Structure selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que la couche (6) de matériau isolant consiste en résine phénolique alvéolaire, en polyuréthane ou en styrol.
  13. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 ou 6 à 10, caractérisée en ce que la structure comprend une couche (7) de matériau fibreux isolant consistant en fibre inorganique et liée à la structure à l'aide dudit ciment (1).
  14. Structure selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que la couche (7) de matériau isolant consiste en fibre de verre, laine minérale, ou laine de roche.
  15. Structure selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que la couche (7) de matériau isolant consiste en laine dite laminée, dans laquelle la direction des fibres est sensiblement la même que la direction du panneau.
  16. Structure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 ou 5 à 10, caractérisée en ce que la structure est une structure à plusieurs couches qui présente une couche centrale lamellaire (6 ; 7) de matériau isolant et deux laminés renforcés par un renfort fibreux (3) et imprégnés dudit ciment de liaison (1), les deux laminés étant laminés sur les côtés opposés de la couche centrale.
  17. Procédé de fabrication d'une structure laminée ayant une résistance au feu et à l'eau améliorée, caractérisée en ce qu'une couche de ciment au silicate-oxysulfaté inorganique, qui est constitué d'eau (H2O), de sulfate de magnésium (MgSO4), d'oxyde de magnésium (MgO) et de silicate de sodium (verre soluble) ou de ciment au silicate-oxychloruré, qui est constitué d'eau (H2O), de chlorure de magnésium (MgCl2), d'oxyde de magnésium (MgO) et de silicate de sodium (verre soluble) est formée dans la structure.
  18. Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que le ciment au silicate-oxysulfaté est produit en mélangeant les éléments suivants :
    eau (H2O), environ 10 à 20 % en poids
    sulfate de magnésium (MgSO4), environ 30 à 40 % en poids
    oxyde de magnésium (MgO), environ 40 à 60 % en poids et,
    silicate de sodium, ≤ 10 %.
  19. Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que le ciment au silicate-oxychloruré est produit en mélangeant les éléments suivants :
    eau (H2O), environ 10 à 20 % en poids,
    chlorure de magnésium ((MgCl2), environ 30 à 40 % en poids,
    oxyde de magnésium (MgO), environ 40 à 60 % en poids, et
    silicate de sodium, ≤ 10 % en poids.
  20. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 19, caractérisé en ce que le durcissement du ciment est accéléré en soumettant la structure à une température relevée de l'ordre d'environ 40 à 80 °C.
EP95922551A 1995-04-26 1995-06-19 Structure stratifiee ayant une resistance au feu amelioree et son procede de fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0822896B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HR950255A HRP950255B1 (en) 1995-04-26 1995-04-26 Laminated structure with improved fire resistance and procedure for the manufacture of the structure
HR950255 1995-04-26
FI952241A FI952241A0 (fi) 1995-05-09 1995-05-09 Obraennbart laminat
FI952241 1995-05-09
PCT/FI1995/000355 WO1996033866A1 (fr) 1995-04-26 1995-06-19 Structure stratifiee a resistance au feu amelioree et son procede de fabrication

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0822896A1 EP0822896A1 (fr) 1998-02-11
EP0822896B1 true EP0822896B1 (fr) 2001-10-24

Family

ID=26159960

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95922551A Expired - Lifetime EP0822896B1 (fr) 1995-04-26 1995-06-19 Structure stratifiee ayant une resistance au feu amelioree et son procede de fabrication

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0822896B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE207410T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2740295A (fr)
DE (1) DE69523480T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0822896T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2167440T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT822896E (fr)
WO (1) WO1996033866A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2026963B1 (en) * 2020-11-24 2022-07-01 Ct Platon B V A method of preparing a floating roof for a storage tank

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI956010A (fi) * 1995-12-14 1997-06-15 Firmo Ltd Oy Verhouslevy ja menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi
SE513860C2 (sv) * 1998-01-16 2000-11-20 Glasis Holding Ab Brandbeständig skiva samt förfarande för framställning därav
DE102004049632B4 (de) * 2004-10-11 2008-07-31 Basf Se Verbundschichtplatte für Brandschutztüren
DE102007033622B4 (de) * 2007-07-17 2010-04-08 Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. Verwendung einer hochtemperaturbeständigen Vorrichtung in Stahlschmelzen
DE102010023633A1 (de) * 2010-06-14 2011-12-15 Martin Reuter Bauelement
IT202100010055A1 (it) 2021-04-21 2022-10-21 Tema Tech And Materials Srl Pannello isolante e protettivo per edilizia, con strato centrale schiumato e rivestimento mineralizzato.
IT202100010031A1 (it) 2021-04-21 2022-10-21 Tema Tech And Materials Srl Pannello isolante per edilizia, con superficie d'aggrappo.
IT202100010037A1 (it) 2021-04-21 2022-10-21 Tema Tech And Materials Srl Pannello rigido per edilizia con strato centrale schiumato e rivestimento in resina.

Family Cites Families (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3320077A (en) * 1966-01-19 1967-05-16 William L Prior Inorganic plastic cements and process for the preparation thereof
US4003752A (en) * 1974-05-22 1977-01-18 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Magnesia cement composition, process of its manufacture, and composite comprising same
US4209339A (en) * 1978-06-05 1980-06-24 Norcem A/S Cement compositions
FR2479182B1 (fr) * 1980-03-25 1985-07-26 Beckerich Philippe Procede d'elaboration de parements de revetement pour les elements de construction, ainsi que les elements de construction obtenus par application de ce procede

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2026963B1 (en) * 2020-11-24 2022-07-01 Ct Platon B V A method of preparing a floating roof for a storage tank

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69523480D1 (de) 2001-11-29
DE69523480T2 (de) 2002-07-18
EP0822896A1 (fr) 1998-02-11
PT822896E (pt) 2002-04-29
AU2740295A (en) 1996-11-18
DK0822896T3 (da) 2002-02-18
ATE207410T1 (de) 2001-11-15
WO1996033866A1 (fr) 1996-10-31
ES2167440T3 (es) 2002-05-16

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