EP0808076B1 - Surround sound system - Google Patents

Surround sound system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0808076B1
EP0808076B1 EP96107860A EP96107860A EP0808076B1 EP 0808076 B1 EP0808076 B1 EP 0808076B1 EP 96107860 A EP96107860 A EP 96107860A EP 96107860 A EP96107860 A EP 96107860A EP 0808076 B1 EP0808076 B1 EP 0808076B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
signals
surround sound
modified
surround
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP96107860A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0808076A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Dipl.-Phys. Winterer
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TDK Micronas GmbH
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TDK Micronas GmbH
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Priority to DE59611450T priority Critical patent/DE59611450D1/en
Priority to EP96107860A priority patent/EP0808076B1/en
Priority to US08/854,922 priority patent/US6122381A/en
Priority to KR1019970018860A priority patent/KR100437174B1/en
Priority to JP9129033A priority patent/JPH1094099A/en
Publication of EP0808076A1 publication Critical patent/EP0808076A1/en
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Publication of EP0808076B1 publication Critical patent/EP0808076B1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04SSTEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S5/00Pseudo-stereo systems, e.g. in which additional channel signals are derived from monophonic signals by means of phase shifting, time delay or reverberation 
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04SSTEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S3/00Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04SSTEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2400/00Details of stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2400/01Multi-channel, i.e. more than two input channels, sound reproduction with two speakers wherein the multi-channel information is substantially preserved

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a surround sound system with a source for spatial signals containing at least one right and one left signal and further, the right and left signals to a surround sound image complementary signals.
  • a source for spatial signals containing at least one right and one left signal and further, the right and left signals to a surround sound image complementary signals.
  • Several methods are known for generating a surround sound, in particular, use four different channels with associated speakers or boxes to create a spatial impression.
  • a very well-known method is currently used under the brand name "Dolby Pro Logic" in many audio systems, including in conjunction with comfortable television receivers.
  • Dolby Pro Logic an acoustic sense of space is formed by the fact that there is usually a right, a left, a middle and finally a rear channel.
  • the rearward channel may also be referred to as an environmental channel.
  • This channel distribution gives a good sense of space, especially for acoustic signals, which are mainly positioned on the center area in front of the listener.
  • the spatial signals are not formed from real room signals, but via filter circuits only from the existing legal and links information. In this case, it is a pseudoraumeindruck, but still increases the hearing comfort.
  • the middle loudspeaker which represents a sound source in front of the listener sound source, often saved by evenly dividing the center signal within the associated surround sound filter circuit on the right and left channel evenly.
  • This mode is usually referred to as "phantom mode”.
  • the operation without a medium playback source is the application in the television sector contrary, because the television even in the upper version usually have only two built-in speakers for the right and left channel and for structural reasons, a separate box for the center channel is hardly feasible.
  • the distribution of the center channel in the television receiver in "phantom mode" is favored by the relatively narrow playback sources and the sound event itself, which is usually displayed on the screen, such as a newsreader, a dialogue scene or a music group - this corresponds to the acoustic center position ,
  • the generally good sound impression in central sound events is offset by the less good sound impression in the case of television reception in the case of more space-related, in particular decentralized, sound events.
  • Responsible for this is the far too small distance - the stereo base - of the two built-in speakers for the right and left channel.
  • the available stereo base width and the viewing distance usually do not match the television receiver.
  • EP 0 776 144 (State of the art under Article 54 (3) EPC) circuits are known with which electronically the stereo base can be increased.
  • the right and left signal is modified by means of suitable filter circuits before speaker playback, the differences in the signal waveforms from about 300 Hz highlighted in the right and left channels and the common signal components are attenuated.
  • the common signal components essentially represent a center signal.
  • the disadvantage of the described surround sound systems is that they falsify more or less the center impression through their filter circuits in phantom mode - ie in the electronic simulation of playback devices in the center position. If this still the stereo base width is increased, then the center impression is even more affected.
  • the advantage of the invention is that the source for spatial signals, for example the already mentioned multichannel decoder "Dolby Surround Pro Logic", does not work in phantom mode with respect to its output signals, but remains in normal mode. Thus, it outputs all spatial signals separately and as unchanged as possible, for example, the right and left signal, as well as the center signal and the surrounding signal.
  • the right and left signals are fed to an external stereo broadening circuit, then the center channel is multiplied by a certain factor and added to the modified right and left signals. Due to the separate processing, the center channel is not modified as before in the stereo base broadening circuit with respect to its frequency-dependent signal components. Thus, the center impression remains independent of the selected stereo base broadening.
  • the schematic block diagram of the known spatial sound circuit of FIG. 1 contains as source 1 for spatial signals, for example, a known Multi-channel decoder (eg the already mentioned processor "Dolby Surround Pro Logic”), which supplies as output signals a right signal R, a left signal L, a center signal C and an environment signal S.
  • a known Multi-channel decoder eg the already mentioned processor "Dolby Surround Pro Logic”
  • Dolby Surround Pro Logic eg the already mentioned processor "Dolby Surround Pro Logic”
  • the formation of the surround sound signals from a supplied from a Tonfrequenzfrequenztreatment 2 stereo multiplex signal SM takes place in a surround sound filter circuit 1.1.
  • the processing is there digital, so that the individual signals are converted by means of digital / analog converter 1.2 again into analog signal components.
  • a control device 3, via control signals 3.1, 3.2 controls the source 1 and the preceding stage 2.
  • control depends on whether the total circuit is part of a television receiver or other device.
  • about the controller 3 can also pretend how much sound reproduction devices, namely speakers or speakers are available, or whether the playback should be done via a headphone.
  • the internal surround filter circuit 1.1 is switched, whereby the output signals are changed and adapted to the actual number of playback devices.
  • Particularly naturalized is the operating mode of the already mentioned phantom mode, in which the center signal C is divided equally to the right and left signal R and L. On the ambient signal S, this has no effect.
  • Too narrow a stereo base is compensated by a modifying circuit 4 which is input in the phantom playback mode with an "R + C" signal and a “L + C” signal.
  • the weighting of the center signal component C is optionally frequency-dependent in the surround sound filter circuit 1.1.
  • the output of the modification circuit 4 provides a modified right signal R1, and a modified left signal L1, which feeds the right and left speakers RL and LL, respectively.
  • the ambient signal S is reproduced by means of a separate loudspeaker SL, which is best placed behind the listener.
  • FIG. 2 a first embodiment of the invention is shown schematically. If functional units are included in FIG. 2, which are already described in FIG. 1, they are provided with the same reference numerals, so that a further discussion unnecessary.
  • the source 1 for the spatial signals R, L, C, S can also deliver them as digital signals, then new digital / analog interfaces are to be determined in the respective signal paths, which then have their own digital / analog converters 1.2 or use the source 1 via separate inputs.
  • the peculiarity of Fig. 2 is that with a reduced number of Tonwiedergabe wornen the source 1 no longer has to be switched to the "phantom mode", but the signal reduction takes place only after the Basisverbreiterung 4.
  • the center signal C is weighted by means of a multiplier 5 and added via a first adder 6.1 to the modified right signal R1 and via a second adder 6.2 demofiziert left signal L1.
  • the new output signals R2 and L2 feed the right and left speaker device RL and LL, respectively.
  • the weighting of the center signal C determines a multiplication factor m from the control device 3.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention, in which the number of playback sources is reduced to a single pair of loudspeakers RL, LL.
  • This embodiment is particularly suitable for television receivers with a built-in right and left display box.
  • the stereo base width is relative is small and eliminates a speaker for the surrounding signal, results according to the invention, a satisfactory acoustic room impression.
  • the circuit of FIG. 3 differs from the circuit of FIG. 2 in that the ambient signal S is fed to a filter circuit 7 which forms a pseudostereosignal pair SR, SL from the ambient signal S, whose right or left component is additive to the signal R2, L2 are added for the right and left speakers RL, LL by means of third and fourth adders 6.3, 6.4, respectively.
  • the order or summary 6.5, 6.6 of the adder in each signal path to form a right signal R3 and left signal L3 is arbitrary.
  • the filter circuit 7 for forming a pseudostereosignal pair SR, SL from a single space signal component S can be very simple, cf. Fig. 7.
  • the circuit shown is known and is from the publication of the " Audio Engineering Society "," Stereophonic Techniques - An anthology of reprinted articles on stereophonic techniques ", New York, 1986, pages 64-69 out. It is a reprint of an essay JAES, Volume 6, No. 2, pages 74 to 79, April 1958 "An Artificial Stereophonic Effect Obtained from a Single Audio Signal" by MR Schroeder , The same technical article also describes the improved circuits of FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • the directional effect for the left or right signal L1, R1 is enhanced by coupling the higher frequency components, which are important for the spatial impression, to the other channel in antiphase position.
  • the coupling takes place via a first or second combination stage K1, K2, whereby the respective signal portion filtered with a high-pass filter HP is respectively weighted by a multiplier M with the factor k.
  • the opposite phase is simplified in that the two combiners K1, K2 are each formed by a subtractor whose subtrahend input is fed with the high-pass filtered signal from the opposite channel.
  • the stereo base broadening circuit includes an adder ad whose output L + R is the sum signal of the right and left signals L, R.
  • the sum value represents the signal component, which actually contains no direction information.
  • a signal component is determined therefrom and subtracted from the right R and left signal L.
  • the two modified spatial components R1, L1 thus each contain a lower common signal component L + R, which causes the two signal sources to diverge, as it were, without the actual position of the loudspeakers being changed.
  • a difference signal L - R is formed from the right and left signals R, L by means of a subtracter sb.
  • a high-pass filtered component of this difference signal L-R is used in order to increase in phase the independent left or independent right signal component in the respective signal path.
  • the in-phase admixing is performed by an adder K1 or a subtractor K2. Also in Fig. 6 thus takes place an enlargement of the independent signal components in the two signal paths, whereby the stereo base width seems to be increased for the listener.
  • FIG. 7 shows a known circuit which generates from the monaural signal f (t) of a signal source 8 a pseudostereosignal pair which is reproduced via a right and left loudspeaker RL, LL.
  • the output signal f (t - ⁇ ) + f (t) then feeds the right speaker RL.
  • the output signal f (t- ⁇ ) of the delay device 9 is combined via a subtracter K4 with the original signal f (t) and forms a signal f (t- ⁇ ) -f (t) which feeds the left-hand loudspeaker LL.
  • the direction-dependent auditory impression is due to the fact that the modified by the delay device 9 signals in conjunction with the different sound propagation times to the right and left ear of the listener pretend the desired directional impression.
  • FIG. 8 shows another known example of how a monaural signal f (t) can be used to form a pseudostereosignal pair via a filter bank BP.
  • the original signal f (t) is thereby resolved via a multiplicity of narrowband bandpass filters 10 into a series of separate frequency ranges.
  • the outputs of the successive bandpasses numbered 1 to 16 in FIG. 1 are alternately connected to the right and left loudspeakers RL, LL. This will again achieve a directional effect.
  • the formation of the pseudo-stereo signals from the original signal f (t) is further refined in FIG. 9 by connecting downstream of the individual bandpass filters 10 of the filter bank BP phase inverter 11.
  • This arrangement allows each bandpass output to be connected to one of the two loudspeakers RL, LL.
  • the outputs are alternately guided via the respective phase inverter 11, which is assigned to the respective bandpass filter 10.
  • no frequency gaps occur in the pseudo-stereo signal, as in the arrangements of FIGS. 7 and 8, as a result of which the sound image is less distorted.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)
  • Reverberation, Karaoke And Other Acoustics (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Raumklangsystem mit einer Quelle für raumbezogene Signale, die mindestens ein Rechts- und ein Linkssignal und weitere, das Rechts- und Linkssignal zu einem Raumklangbild ergänzende Signale enthalten. Bekannt sind mehrere Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines Raumklangs, die insbesondere vier verschiedene Kanäle mit zugehörigen Lautsprechern bzw. Boxen verwenden, um einen Raumeindruck hervorzurufen. Ein zur Zeit sehr bekanntes Verfahren kommt unter dem Markennamen "Dolby Pro Logic" bei vielen Audioanlagen, auch in Verbindung mit komfortablen Fernsehempfängern, zum Einsatz. Bei derartigen Anlagen wird ein akustischer Raumeindruck dadurch gebildet, daß es in der Regel einen rechten, einen linken, einen mittleren und schließlich einen rückwärtigen Kanal gibt. Der rückwärtige Kanal kann auch als Umgebungskanal bezeichnet werden. Diese Kanalaufteilung vermittelt einen guten Raumeindruck, vor allen Dingen für akustische Signale, die vorwiegend auf den vor dem Hörer liegenden Mittenbereich positioniert sind. In vielen Fällen werden die raumbezogenen Signale gar nicht aus echten Raumsignalen gebildet, sondern über Filterschaltungen lediglich aus der vorhandenen Rechts- und Linksinformation. In diesem Fall handelt es sich um einen Pseudoraumeindruck, der aber trotzdem den Hörkomfort erhöht.The invention relates to a surround sound system with a source for spatial signals containing at least one right and one left signal and further, the right and left signals to a surround sound image complementary signals. Several methods are known for generating a surround sound, in particular, use four different channels with associated speakers or boxes to create a spatial impression. A very well-known method is currently used under the brand name "Dolby Pro Logic" in many audio systems, including in conjunction with comfortable television receivers. In such systems, an acoustic sense of space is formed by the fact that there is usually a right, a left, a middle and finally a rear channel. The rearward channel may also be referred to as an environmental channel. This channel distribution gives a good sense of space, especially for acoustic signals, which are mainly positioned on the center area in front of the listener. In many cases, the spatial signals are not formed from real room signals, but via filter circuits only from the existing legal and links information. In this case, it is a pseudoraumeindruck, but still increases the hearing comfort.

Die Verwendung von vier und mehr Lautsprecherboxen ist aus Platzgründen häufig gar nicht möglich. Es sind Verfahren bekannt, wie verschiedene Raumklangsignale über Filterschaltungen miteinander kombiniert werden können, um mit einer reduzierten Anzahl von Boxen ebenfalls einen befriedigenden Raumeindruck zu erhalten. Im gewissen Sinn stellen diese Verfahren eine Umkehrung des oben erwähnten Pseudo-Raumklangverfahrens dar.The use of four or more speakers is often not possible due to space limitations. Methods are known of how different surround sound signals can be combined with one another via filter circuits in order to obtain a satisfactory spatial impression with a reduced number of speakers as well. In a sense, these methods are a reversal of the above-mentioned pseudo-surround method.

In EP-A 0 637 191 sind einige Schaltungen angegeben, mit denen die Anzahl der Wiedergabequellen reduziert werden kann, ohne den Raumeindruck zu verlieren. Im Grenzfall reicht allein eine rechte und linke Wiedergabequelle zur Herstellung eines Raumklanges aus. Die Signale der fehlenden Wiedergabequellen werden elektronisch den Signalen der vorhandenen Wiedergabequellen überlagert, wobei die fehlenden Signalpfade bis zum rechten und linken Ohr des Hörers elektronisch über Filter- und Laufzeitschaltungen und die vorhandenen Schallwege nachgebildet werden.In EP-A 0 637 191 Some circuits are indicated, with which the number of the reproduction sources can be reduced, without losing the space impression. in the In the limiting case, only a right and left playback source is enough to produce a surround sound. The signals of the missing playback sources are electronically superimposed on the signals of the existing playback sources, wherein the missing signal paths are electronically reproduced to the right and left ear of the listener via filter and runtime circuits and the existing sound paths.

Bei einfacheren Raumklangsystemen wird der mittlere Lautsprecher, der eine in Frontrichtung vor dem Hörer liegende Schallquelle repräsentiert, oft dadurch eingespart, daß man das Mittensignal bereits innerhalb der zugehörigen Raumklangfilterschaltung auf den rechten und linken Kanal gleichmäßig aufteilt. Diese Betriebsart wird meist als "Phantom -Mode" bezeichnet. Die Betriebsweise ohne eine mittlere Wiedergabequelle kommt der Anwendung im Fernsehbereich entgegen, weil die Fernseher selbst in gehobener Ausführung in der Regel nur über zwei eingebaute Boxen für den rechten und linken Kanal verfügen und aus baulichen Gründen eine separate Box für den Mittenkanal kaum realisierbar ist.In simpler surround sound systems, the middle loudspeaker, which represents a sound source in front of the listener sound source, often saved by evenly dividing the center signal within the associated surround sound filter circuit on the right and left channel evenly. This mode is usually referred to as "phantom mode". The operation without a medium playback source is the application in the television sector contrary, because the television even in the upper version usually have only two built-in speakers for the right and left channel and for structural reasons, a separate box for the center channel is hardly feasible.

Begünstigt wird die Aufteilung des Mittenkanals beim Fernsehempfänger im "Phantom-Mode" durch die relativ eng stehenden Wiedergabequellen und das Klangereignis selbst, das meist auch auf dem Bildschirm dargestellt wird, beispielsweise ein Nachrichtensprecher, eine Dialogszene oder eine Musikgruppe - dies entspricht damit der akustischen Mittenposition.The distribution of the center channel in the television receiver in "phantom mode" is favored by the relatively narrow playback sources and the sound event itself, which is usually displayed on the screen, such as a newsreader, a dialogue scene or a music group - this corresponds to the acoustic center position ,

Dem grundsätzlich guten Klangeindruck bei zentralen Klangereignissen steht beim Fernsehempfang der weniger gute Klangeindruck bei stärker raumbezogenen, insbesondere dezentralen Klangereignissen gegenüber. Hierfür verantwortlich ist der viel zu kleine Abstand - die Stereobasis - der beiden eingebauten Boxen für den rechten und linken Kanal. Die zur Verfügung stehende Stereobasisbreite und der Betrachtungsabstand passen beim Fernsehempfänger in der Regel nicht zusammen.The generally good sound impression in central sound events is offset by the less good sound impression in the case of television reception in the case of more space-related, in particular decentralized, sound events. Responsible for this is the far too small distance - the stereo base - of the two built-in speakers for the right and left channel. The available stereo base width and the viewing distance usually do not match the television receiver.

Aus der Europäischen Patentanmeldung, EP 0 776 144 (Stand der Technik nach Artikel 54(3) EPÜ) sind Schaltungen bekannt, mit denen auf elektronischem Wege die Stereobasis vergrößert werden kann. Hierzu wird das Rechts- und Linkssignal mittels geeigneter Filterschaltungen vor der Lautsprecherwiedergabe modifiziert, wobei die Unterschiede in den Signalverläufen ab etwa 300 Hz im rechten und linken Kanal hervorgehoben und die gemeinsamen Signalanteile dafür abgeschwächt werden. Die gemeinsamen Signalanteile repräsentieren im Wesentlichen ein Mittensignal.From the European Patent Application, EP 0 776 144 (State of the art under Article 54 (3) EPC) circuits are known with which electronically the stereo base can be increased. For this purpose, the right and left signal is modified by means of suitable filter circuits before speaker playback, the differences in the signal waveforms from about 300 Hz highlighted in the right and left channels and the common signal components are attenuated. The common signal components essentially represent a center signal.

Aus " ELRAD", 1994, Heft 7, Seiten 76 bis 81 sind Analogschaltungen bekannt, bei denen die Stereobasisbreite eines Rechts- und Linkssignals vergrößert wird. Es sind dort auch Schaltungen für Raumklangeffekte beschrieben, die von den Ausgangssignalen handelsüblicher Raumklangprozessoren ausgehen und über externe Filterschaltungen die speziellen Raumklangeffekte erzeugen.Out " ELRAD ", 1994, No. 7, pages 76 to 81 Analog circuits are known in which the stereo base width of a right and left signal is increased. There are also described circuits for surround sound effects that emanate from the output signals of commercially available surround sound processors and external filter circuits produce the special surround sound effects.

Der Nachteil bei den beschriebenen Raumklangsystemen ist, daß sie im Phantom-Modus - also bei der elektronischen Nachbildung von Wiedergabeeinrichtungen in der Mittenposition - den Mitteneindruck durch ihre Filterschaltungen mehr oder weniger verfälschen. Wenn dabei noch die Stereobasisbreite vergrößert wird, dann wird der Mitteneindruck noch mehr beeinträchtigt.The disadvantage of the described surround sound systems is that they falsify more or less the center impression through their filter circuits in phantom mode - ie in the electronic simulation of playback devices in the center position. If this still the stereo base width is increased, then the center impression is even more affected.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, für ein Raumklangsystem, das nur über eine reduzierte Anzahl von Wiedergabeeinrichtungen verfügt und eine zu kleine Stereobasisbreite aufweist, eine Schaltung für einen verbesserten Raumklangeindruck anzugeben, bei dem insbesondere der Mitteneindruck verbessert wird.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide for a surround sound system, which has only a reduced number of playback devices and has too small stereo base width, a circuit for an improved surround sound impression, in which in particular the center impression is improved.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Raumklangsystem nach Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a surround sound system according to claim 1.

Der Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, daß die Quelle für raumbezogene Signale, beispielsweise der bereits erwähnte Mehrkanaldekoder "Dolby Surround Pro Logic", bezüglich ihrer Ausgangssignale nicht im Phantom-Modus arbeitet, sondern im Normalmodus bleibt. Somit gibt sie alle raumbezogenen Signale getrennt und möglichst unverändert ab, beispielsweise das Rechts- und Linkssignal, sowie das Mittensignal und das Umgebungssignal. Das Rechts- und Linkssignal wird einer externen Schaltung zur Stereobasisverbreiterung zugeführt, danach wird der Mittenkanal mit einem bestimmten Faktor mulipliziert und zu dem modifizierten Rechts- und Linkssignal hinzuaddiert. Durch die getrennte Verarbeitung wird der Mittenkanal nicht wie bisher in der Stereobasisverbreiterungsschaltung bezüglich seiner frequenzabhängigen Signalkomponenten modifiziert. Damit bleibt der Mitteneindruck unabhängig von der gewählten Stereobasisverbreiterung.The advantage of the invention is that the source for spatial signals, for example the already mentioned multichannel decoder "Dolby Surround Pro Logic", does not work in phantom mode with respect to its output signals, but remains in normal mode. Thus, it outputs all spatial signals separately and as unchanged as possible, for example, the right and left signal, as well as the center signal and the surrounding signal. The right and left signals are fed to an external stereo broadening circuit, then the center channel is multiplied by a certain factor and added to the modified right and left signals. Due to the separate processing, the center channel is not modified as before in the stereo base broadening circuit with respect to its frequency-dependent signal components. Thus, the center impression remains independent of the selected stereo base broadening.

Die Erfindung und vorteilhafte Ausführungsbeispiele werden nun anhand der Figuren der Zeichnung näher erläutert:

  • Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch ein bekanntes Raumklangsystem mit drei Wiedergabeeinrichtungen,
  • Fig. 2 zeigt schematisch ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit drei Wiedergabeeinrichtungen,
  • Fig. 3 zeigt schematisch ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit zwei Wiedergabeeinrichtungen,
  • Fig. 4, 5 und 6 zeigen bekannte Schaltungen zur elektronischen Vergrößerung der Stereobasisbreite und
  • Fig. 7, 8 und 9 zeigen schematisch bekannte Filterschaltungen zur Erzielung eines Pseudostereosignals aus einem monauralen Signal.
The invention and advantageous embodiments will now be described with reference to the figures of the drawing:
  • 1 shows schematically a known surround sound system with three reproduction devices,
  • 2 schematically shows an embodiment of the invention with three reproduction devices,
  • 3 schematically shows an embodiment of the invention with two reproduction devices,
  • 4, 5 and 6 show known circuits for electronic magnification of the stereo base width and
  • Figures 7, 8 and 9 show schematically known filter circuits for obtaining a pseudo-stereo signal from a monaural signal.

Das schematische Blockschaltbild der bekannten Raumklangschaltung von Fig. 1 enthält als Quelle 1 für raumbezogene Signale beispielsweise einen bekannten Mehrkanaldekoder (z.B. den bereits genannten Prozessor "Dolby Surround Pro Logic"), der als Ausgangssignale ein Rechtssignal R, ein Linkssignal L, ein Mittensignal C und ein Umgebungssignal S liefert. Die Bildung der Raumklangsignale aus einem von einer Tonzwischenfrequenzstufe 2 zugeführten Stereo-Multiplexsignal SM findet in einer Raumklang-Filterschaltung 1.1 statt. In der Regel ist die Verarbeitung dort digital, so daß die einzelnen Signale mittels Digital/Analog-Umsetzer 1.2 wieder in analoge Signalkomponenten umgesetzt werden. Eine Steuereinrichtung 3 bewirkt über Steuersignale 3.1, 3.2 die Steuerung der Quelle 1 und der vorausgehenden Stufe 2. Die Steuerung hängt natürlich davon ab, ob die Cesamtschaltung Teil eines Fernsehempfängers oder einer anderen Einrichtung ist. Über die Steuereinrichtung 3 läßt sich auch vorgeben, wieviel Tonwiedergabeeinrichtungen, nämlich Lautsprecher oder Boxen vorhanden sind, oder ob die Wiedergabe über einen Kopfhörer erfolgen soll. Je nach den Steuersignalen 3.1 wird die interne Raumklang-Filterschaltung 1.1 umgeschaltet, wodurch die Ausgangssignale verändert und an die tatsächliche Anzahl der Wiedergabeeinrichtungen angepaßt werden. Besonders eingebürgert hat sich als Betriebsart der bereits genannte Phantom-Modus, bei dein das Mittensignal C gleichmäßig auf das rechte und linke Signal R bzw. L aufgeteilt wird. Auf das Umgebungssignal S hat dies keinen Einfluß.The schematic block diagram of the known spatial sound circuit of FIG. 1 contains as source 1 for spatial signals, for example, a known Multi-channel decoder (eg the already mentioned processor "Dolby Surround Pro Logic"), which supplies as output signals a right signal R, a left signal L, a center signal C and an environment signal S. The formation of the surround sound signals from a supplied from a Tonfrequenzfrequenzstufe 2 stereo multiplex signal SM takes place in a surround sound filter circuit 1.1. In general, the processing is there digital, so that the individual signals are converted by means of digital / analog converter 1.2 again into analog signal components. A control device 3, via control signals 3.1, 3.2 controls the source 1 and the preceding stage 2. Of course, the control depends on whether the total circuit is part of a television receiver or other device. About the controller 3 can also pretend how much sound reproduction devices, namely speakers or speakers are available, or whether the playback should be done via a headphone. Depending on the control signals 3.1, the internal surround filter circuit 1.1 is switched, whereby the output signals are changed and adapted to the actual number of playback devices. Particularly naturalized is the operating mode of the already mentioned phantom mode, in which the center signal C is divided equally to the right and left signal R and L. On the ambient signal S, this has no effect.

Eine zu enge Stereobasis wird durch eine Modifikationsschaltung 4 ausgeglichen, die im Phantom-Wiedergabemodus eingangsseitig mit einem "R + C"-Signal und einem "L + C"-Signal gespeist ist. Die Gewichtung des Mittensignalanteils C erfolgt gegebenenfalls frequenzabhängig in der Raumklang-Filterschaltung 1.1. Der Ausgang der Modifikationsschaltung 4 liefert ein modifiziertes Rechtssignal R1, und ein modifiziertes Linkssignal L1, das den rechten bzw. linken Lautsprecher RL bzw. LL speist. Das Umgebungssignal S wird mittels eines eigenen Lautsprechers SL wiedergegeben, der am besten hinter dem Hörer aufgestellt ist.Too narrow a stereo base is compensated by a modifying circuit 4 which is input in the phantom playback mode with an "R + C" signal and a "L + C" signal. The weighting of the center signal component C is optionally frequency-dependent in the surround sound filter circuit 1.1. The output of the modification circuit 4 provides a modified right signal R1, and a modified left signal L1, which feeds the right and left speakers RL and LL, respectively. The ambient signal S is reproduced by means of a separate loudspeaker SL, which is best placed behind the listener.

In Fig. 2 ist ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt. Sofern in Fig. 2 Funktionseinheiten enthalten sind, die bereits in Fig. 1 beschrieben sind, sind sie mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen, so daß sich eine nochmalige Erörterung erübrigt. Wie in Fig. 1 kann die Quelle 1 für die raumbezogenen Signale R, L, C, S diese auch als digitale Signale abgeben, dann sind in den jeweiligen Signalpfaden neue Digital/Analog-Schnittstellen zu bestimmen, die dann eigene Digital/Analog-Umsetzer 1.2 bekommen oder über separate Eingänge diejenigen der Quelle 1 verwenden. Die Besonderheit der Fig. 2 besteht darin, daß bei einer reduzierten Anzahl von Tonwiedergabeeinrichtungen die Quelle 1 nicht mehr in den "Phantom-Modus" geschaltet werden muß, sondern die Signalreduzierung erst nach der Basisverbreiterung 4 stattfindet. Das Mittensignal C wird dabei mittels eines Multiplizierers 5 gewichtet und über einen ersten Addierer 6.1 dem modifizierten Rechtssignal R1 und über einen zweiten Addierer 6.2 demofizierten Linkssignal L1 hinzugefügt. Die neuen Ausgangssignale R2 bzw. L2 speisen die rechte bzw. linke Lautsprechereinrichtung RL bzw. LL. Die Gewichtung des Mittensignals C bestimmt ein Multiplikationsfaktor m aus der Steuereinrichtung 3.2, a first embodiment of the invention is shown schematically. If functional units are included in FIG. 2, which are already described in FIG. 1, they are provided with the same reference numerals, so that a further discussion unnecessary. As in FIG. 1, the source 1 for the spatial signals R, L, C, S can also deliver them as digital signals, then new digital / analog interfaces are to be determined in the respective signal paths, which then have their own digital / analog converters 1.2 or use the source 1 via separate inputs. The peculiarity of Fig. 2 is that with a reduced number of Tonwiedergabeeinrichtungen the source 1 no longer has to be switched to the "phantom mode", but the signal reduction takes place only after the Basisverbreiterung 4. The center signal C is weighted by means of a multiplier 5 and added via a first adder 6.1 to the modified right signal R1 and via a second adder 6.2 demofiziert left signal L1. The new output signals R2 and L2 feed the right and left speaker device RL and LL, respectively. The weighting of the center signal C determines a multiplication factor m from the control device 3.

Diese in Fig. 2 dargestellte Verarbeitung des Mittensignals C erst nach der Modifikationsschaltung 4 hat gegenüber der Schaltung von Fig. 1 den großen Vorteil, daß die Stereobasisverbreiterung nur mit dem reinen Rechts- und Linkssignal R, L durchgeführt wird. Verfälschungen durch das Mittensignal C können vor der Verarbeitung innerhalb der Modifikationsschaltung 4 nicht auftreten. Dies ist besonders dann wichtig, wenn von der vorausgehenden Stufe 2 nicht nur ein Stereo-MultiplexSignal SM sondern ein Signal mit echten Raumkomponenten übertragen wird.This processing shown in Fig. 2 of the center signal C only after the modification circuit 4 has over the circuit of Fig. 1 has the great advantage that the stereo base broadening is performed only with the pure right and left signal R, L. Falsifications by the center signal C may not occur before processing within the modification circuit 4. This is particularly important when not only a stereo multiplex signal SM but a signal with real space components is transmitted from the preceding stage 2.

Für die Modifikationsschaltung 4 zur Stereobasisverbreiterung stehen bekannte Schaltungen zur Verfügung, die beispielsweise in der bereits genannten Zeitschrift " ELRAD", 1994, Heft 7, Seiten 76 bis 81 aufgeführt sind. Der Vollständigkeit halber sind die zugehörigen Grundschaltungen in den Fig. 4, 5 und 6 dargestellt.For the stereo base broadening modification circuit 4, known circuits are available, which are described, for example, in the aforementioned journal. ELRAD ", 1994, No. 7, pages 76 to 81 are listed. For the sake of completeness, the associated basic circuits are shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6.

Fig. 3 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, bei dem die Anzahl der Wiedergabequellen auf ein einziges Lautsprecherpaar RL, LL reduziert ist. Dieses Ausführungsbeispiel eignet sich insbesondere für Fernsehempfänger mit einer eingebauten rechten und linken Wiedergabebox. Obwohl die Stereobasisbreite relativ klein ist und ein Lautsprecher für das Umgebungssignal entfällt, ergibt sich nach der Erfindung ein zufriedenstellender akustischer Raumeindruck.Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention, in which the number of playback sources is reduced to a single pair of loudspeakers RL, LL. This embodiment is particularly suitable for television receivers with a built-in right and left display box. Although the stereo base width is relative is small and eliminates a speaker for the surrounding signal, results according to the invention, a satisfactory acoustic room impression.

Die Schaltung nach Fig. 3 unterscheidet sich von der Schaltung nach Fig. 2 dadurch, daß das Umgebungssignal S einer Filterschaltung 7 zugeführt ist, die aus dem Umgebungssignal S ein Pseudostereosignalpaar SR, SL bildet, dessen Rechts- bzw. Linkskomponente additiv dem Signal R2, L2 für den rechten bzw. linken Lautsprecher RL, LL mittels eines dritten bzw. vierten Addierers 6.3, 6.4 hinzugefügt sind. Die Reihenfolge oder Zusammenfassung 6.5, 6.6 der Addierer in jedem Signalpfad zur Bildung eines Rechtssignals R3 bzw. Linkssignals L3 ist beliebig.The circuit of FIG. 3 differs from the circuit of FIG. 2 in that the ambient signal S is fed to a filter circuit 7 which forms a pseudostereosignal pair SR, SL from the ambient signal S, whose right or left component is additive to the signal R2, L2 are added for the right and left speakers RL, LL by means of third and fourth adders 6.3, 6.4, respectively. The order or summary 6.5, 6.6 of the adder in each signal path to form a right signal R3 and left signal L3 is arbitrary.

Die Filterschaltung 7 zur Bildung eines Pseudostereosignalpaares SR, SL aus einer einzigen Raumsignalkomponente S kann sehr einfach sein, vgl. Fig. 7. Die dabei dargestellte Schaltung ist bekannt und geht aus der Veröffentlichung der " Audio Engineering Society", "Stereophonic Techniques - An anthology of reprinted articles an stereophonic techniques", New York, 1986, Seiten 64 bis 69 hervor. Es ist ein Nachdruck eines Aufsatzes aus JAES, Band 6, Nr. 2, Seiten 74 bis 79, April 1958 "An Artificial Stereophonic Effect Obtained from a Single Audio Signal" von M. R. Schroeder . In dem gleichen Fachaufsatz werden auch die verbesserten Schaltungen von Fig. 8 und Fig. 9 beschrieben.The filter circuit 7 for forming a pseudostereosignal pair SR, SL from a single space signal component S can be very simple, cf. Fig. 7. The circuit shown is known and is from the publication of the " Audio Engineering Society "," Stereophonic Techniques - An anthology of reprinted articles on stereophonic techniques ", New York, 1986, pages 64-69 out. It is a reprint of an essay JAES, Volume 6, No. 2, pages 74 to 79, April 1958 "An Artificial Stereophonic Effect Obtained from a Single Audio Signal" by MR Schroeder , The same technical article also describes the improved circuits of FIGS. 8 and 9.

In der Stereobasisverbreiterungsschaltung von Fig. 4 wird der Richtungseffekt für das linke oder rechte Signal L1, R1 dadurch verstärkt, daß die für den Raumeindruck wichtigen höheren Frequenzkomponenten in Gegenphasenlage auf den jeweils anderen Kanal eingekoppelt werden. Die Einkopplung erfolgt über eine erste bzw. zweite Kombinationsstufe K1, K2, wobei der jeweils mit einem Hochpaß HP gefilterte Signalanteil jeweils durch einen Multiplizierer M mit dem Faktor k gewichtet wird. Die Gegenphasigkeit wird vereinfacht dadurch hergestellt, daß die beiden Kombinierer K1, K2 jeweils durch einen Subtrahierer gebildet sind, deren Subtrahend-Eingang mit dem hochpaßgefilterten Signal aus dem Gegenkanal gespeist ist.In the stereo base broadening circuit of Fig. 4, the directional effect for the left or right signal L1, R1 is enhanced by coupling the higher frequency components, which are important for the spatial impression, to the other channel in antiphase position. The coupling takes place via a first or second combination stage K1, K2, whereby the respective signal portion filtered with a high-pass filter HP is respectively weighted by a multiplier M with the factor k. The opposite phase is simplified in that the two combiners K1, K2 are each formed by a subtractor whose subtrahend input is fed with the high-pass filtered signal from the opposite channel.

In Fig. 5 enthält die Schaltung zur Stereobasisverbreiterung einen Addierer ad, dessen Ausgangssignal L + R das Summensignal aus dem rechten und linken Signal L, R ist. Der Summenwert stellt den Signalanteil dar, der eigentlich keine Richtungsinformation enthält. Mit einem Hochpaß HP und einen Multiplizierer M wird daraus ein Signalanteil bestimmt und vom rechten R und linken Signal L abgezogen. Die beiden modifizierten Raumkomponenten R1, L1 enthalten somit jeweils einen geringeren gemeinsamen Signalanteil L + R wodurch die beiden Signalquellen gleichsam auseinanderwandern, ohne daß die tatsächliche Position der Lautsprecher verändert wird.In Fig. 5, the stereo base broadening circuit includes an adder ad whose output L + R is the sum signal of the right and left signals L, R. The sum value represents the signal component, which actually contains no direction information. With a high pass HP and a multiplier M, a signal component is determined therefrom and subtracted from the right R and left signal L. The two modified spatial components R1, L1 thus each contain a lower common signal component L + R, which causes the two signal sources to diverge, as it were, without the actual position of the loudspeakers being changed.

In Fig. 6 wird aus dem Rechts- und Linkssignal R, L mittels eines Subtrahierers sb ein Differenzsignal L - R gebildet. Je größer dieses Signal ist, desto unabhängiger sind die beiden Signale R, L. Ein hochpaßgefilteter Anteil aus diesem Differenzsignal L - R wird verwendet, um phasenrichtig den unabhängigen linken bzw. unabhängigen rechten Signalanteil im jeweiligen Signalpfad zu vergrößern. Die phasenrichtige Zumischung erfolgt durch einen Addierer K1 bzw. einen Subtrahierer K2. Auch in Fig. 6 findet somit eine Vergrößerung der unabhängigen Signalkomponenten in den beiden Signalpfaden statt, wodurch für den Hörer die Stereobasisbreite vergrößert scheint.In Fig. 6, a difference signal L - R is formed from the right and left signals R, L by means of a subtracter sb. The larger this signal is, the more independent are the two signals R, L. A high-pass filtered component of this difference signal L-R is used in order to increase in phase the independent left or independent right signal component in the respective signal path. The in-phase admixing is performed by an adder K1 or a subtractor K2. Also in Fig. 6 thus takes place an enlargement of the independent signal components in the two signal paths, whereby the stereo base width seems to be increased for the listener.

In Fig. 7 ist eine bekannte Schaltung dargestellt, die aus dem monauralen Signal f(t) einer Signalquelle 8 ein Pseudostereosignalpaar erzeugt, das über einen rechten und linken Lautsprecher RL, LL wiedergegeben wird. Mittels einer Verzogerungseinrichtung 9 wird das Signal f(t) etwa um τ = 100 ms verzögert und über einen Addierer K3 mit dem ursprünglichen Tonsignal f(t) kombiniert. Das Ausgangssignal f (t - τ) + f (t) speist dann den rechten Lautsprecher RL. Entsprechend wird das Ausgangssignal f (t - τ) der Verzögerungseinrichtung 9 über einen Subtrahierer K4 mit dem ursprünglichen Signal f(t) kombiniert und bildet ein Signal f (t - τ) - f (t), das den linken Lautsprecher LL speist.FIG. 7 shows a known circuit which generates from the monaural signal f (t) of a signal source 8 a pseudostereosignal pair which is reproduced via a right and left loudspeaker RL, LL. By means of a delay device 9, the signal f (t) is delayed by about τ = 100 ms and combined via an adder K3 with the original sound signal f (t). The output signal f (t - τ) + f (t) then feeds the right speaker RL. Correspondingly, the output signal f (t-τ) of the delay device 9 is combined via a subtracter K4 with the original signal f (t) and forms a signal f (t-τ) -f (t) which feeds the left-hand loudspeaker LL.

Der richtungsabhängige Höreindruck kommt dadurch zustande, daß die durch die Verzögerungseinrichtung 9 modifizierten Signale in Verbindung mit den unterschiedlichen Schall-Laufzeiten zum rechten und linken Ohr des Hörers den gewünschten Richtungseindruck vortäuschen.The direction-dependent auditory impression is due to the fact that the modified by the delay device 9 signals in conjunction with the different sound propagation times to the right and left ear of the listener pretend the desired directional impression.

In Fig. 8 ist ein anderes bekanntes Beispiel dargestellt, wie aus einem monauralen Signal f(t) ein Pseudostereosignalpaar über eine Filterbank BP gebildet werden kann. Das ursprüngliche Signal f(t) wird dabei über eine Vielzahl von schmalbandigen Bandpässen 10 in eine Folge von separaten Frequenzbereichen aufgelöst. Die Ausgänge der aufeinanderfolgenden Bandpässe, die in Fig. 1 von 1 bis 16 nummeriert sind, werden dabei alternierend mit dem rechten bzw. mit dem linken Lautsprecher RL, LL verbunden. Dadurch wird wieder ein Richtungseffekt erzielt. Die Aufspaltung auf einzelne Frequenzbereiche und deren alternierende Zuordnung zu den beiden Lautsprechern ist ähnlich wie bei der Anordnung nach Fig. 7, die für alle Frequenzvielfache entsprechend der Verzögerungszeit τ = 100 ms ebenfalls diese Aufspaltung zeigt.FIG. 8 shows another known example of how a monaural signal f (t) can be used to form a pseudostereosignal pair via a filter bank BP. The original signal f (t) is thereby resolved via a multiplicity of narrowband bandpass filters 10 into a series of separate frequency ranges. The outputs of the successive bandpasses numbered 1 to 16 in FIG. 1 are alternately connected to the right and left loudspeakers RL, LL. This will again achieve a directional effect. The splitting to individual frequency ranges and their alternating assignment to the two speakers is similar to the arrangement of FIG. 7, which also shows this splitting for all frequency multiples corresponding to the delay time τ = 100 ms.

In Fig. 9 ist schließlich die Bildung der Pseudostereosignale aus dem ursprünglichen Signal f(t) nochmals verfeinert, indem den einzelnen Bandpässen 10 der Filterbank BP Phaseninverter 11 nachgeschaltet sind. Diese Anordnung ermöglicht, daß jeder Bandpaßausgang mit einem der beiden Lautsprecher RL, LL verbunden ist. Allerdings werden dabei die Ausgänge alternierend über den jeweiligen Phaseninverter 11 geführt, der dem jeweiligen Bandpaß 10 zugeordnet ist. Durch die Maßnahmen entstehen im Pseudostereosignal keine Frequenzlücken, wie in den Anordnungen von Fig. 7 und 8, wodurch das Klangbild weniger verfälscht wird.Finally, the formation of the pseudo-stereo signals from the original signal f (t) is further refined in FIG. 9 by connecting downstream of the individual bandpass filters 10 of the filter bank BP phase inverter 11. This arrangement allows each bandpass output to be connected to one of the two loudspeakers RL, LL. However, the outputs are alternately guided via the respective phase inverter 11, which is assigned to the respective bandpass filter 10. As a result of the measures, no frequency gaps occur in the pseudo-stereo signal, as in the arrangements of FIGS. 7 and 8, as a result of which the sound image is less distorted.

Die bekannten Schaltungen von Fig. 7, Fig. 8 und Fig. 9, die lediglich eine Auswahl bekannter Schaltungen darstellen, sind in der genannten Literaturstelle als analoge Schaltungen beschrieben. Ihre Umsetzung in digitale Schaltungen ist dem Fachmann geläufig und bringt dabei die bekannten Stabilitätsvorteile mit sich. Für die Implementierung des Raumklangsystems ist es ferner unerheblich, ob die gesamte Schaltung oder Teilbereiche in Hardware und/oder Software realisiert sind.The known circuits of Figs. 7, 8 and 9, which are merely a selection of known circuits, are described in the cited reference as analog circuits. Their implementation in digital circuits is familiar to those skilled in the art and brings with it the known stability advantages. For the implementation of the surround sound system, it is also irrelevant whether the entire circuit or sections are implemented in hardware and / or software.

Claims (4)

  1. A surround sound system with a source (1) for space-related signals (R, L, C, S) comprising a right signal (R) and a left signal (L) as well as further signals (C, S) which supplement the right and left signals (R, L) to convey a three-dimensional sound impression, wherein a modification circuit (4) for performing stereo-base widening is provided to which only the pure right and left signals (R, L) of the space-related signals are fed from the source (1), and wherein the signals supplementing the right and left signals (R, L) to convey the three-dimensional impression comprise a center signal (C) which is additively combined with the output signals of the modification circuit (4), which form a modified right signal (R1) and a modified left signal (L1).
  2. A surround sound system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the signals supplementing the right and left signals to convey a three-dimensional sound impression comprise a surround signal (S) which is reproduced by means of a loudspeaker (SL) positioned at the rear of the listener.
  3. A surround sound system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the center signal is multiplied by a given factor (m) before being added to the modified right and left signals.
  4. A surround sound system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein a pair of pseudostereo signals (SR, SL) is formed from the surround signal (S) by means of a filter circuit (7) whose right and left components (SR, SL) are combined with the modified right signal (R1, R2) and the modified left signal (L1, L2), respectively, for reproduction via the pair of loudspeakers (RL, LL).
EP96107860A 1996-05-17 1996-05-17 Surround sound system Expired - Lifetime EP0808076B1 (en)

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US08/854,922 US6122381A (en) 1996-05-17 1997-05-13 Stereophonic sound system
KR1019970018860A KR100437174B1 (en) 1996-05-17 1997-05-16 Stereophonic soound system
JP9129033A JPH1094099A (en) 1996-05-17 1997-05-19 Stereophonic sound system

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