EP0797487B1 - Method for casting in a mould - Google Patents
Method for casting in a mould Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0797487B1 EP0797487B1 EP95941323A EP95941323A EP0797487B1 EP 0797487 B1 EP0797487 B1 EP 0797487B1 EP 95941323 A EP95941323 A EP 95941323A EP 95941323 A EP95941323 A EP 95941323A EP 0797487 B1 EP0797487 B1 EP 0797487B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mould
- meniscus
- magnetic field
- melt
- stirrer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method, during casting of a cast strand in a mould which is open at both ends in the casting direction, of controlling and distributing a rotating magnetic field which is applied to act on and stir molten parts of the cast strand in the mould.
- the magnetic field is applied by means of a two-phase or polyphase stirrer arranged adjacent to the mould.
- a melt is supplied to the mould by means of a free tapping jet, open casting, or through a casting tube, closed casting.
- a cast strand is formed by the melt being cooled.
- at least one solidified self-supporting surface layer on the casting strand has been formed.
- the flow of molten metal in the non-solidified portions of a cast strand can be controlled by means of a two-phase or polyphase mould stirrer to which is applied a rotating magnetic field to act on and stir the melt in these parts of the cast strand, electric currents then being induced in the melt.
- a rotating magnetic field to act on and stir the melt in these parts of the cast strand
- forces arise which act on the melt and give rise to a rotation, a stirring, of the melt.
- the movements of the melt must be controlled and distributed. This makes demands on the properties and field-strength distribution of the magnetic field applied to the melt, as well as on current intensity and current density and the direction of the induced electric currents.
- the demands vary between different casting processes, such as open and closed casting.
- closed casting that is, when melt is supplied to the mould through a casting tube which opens out into the melt below the meniscus, a sufficiently strong stirring in the non-solidified parts of the cast strand is desired to ensure the desired metallurgical result regarding casting structure, etc.; however, stirring and flow rate at the meniscus should be avoided.
- closed casting is referred to as casting with mould power since the upper surface of the melt is often covered with a so-called casting powder.
- a casting powder has a plurality of functions such as to thermally insulate the upper surface of the melt, protect it against oxidation and other reactions, and to prevent the adhesion of the solidified surface layer to the mould wall, as well as to take up particles separated from the melt.
- the stirrer is arranged movable in a housing outside the mould. Between the mould and the housing is a cooling device arranged. The distance between the stirrer and the mould, due to the cooling device and housing, reduces the possibilities for the magnetic field to act in an optimum way for both open and closed casting.
- One object of the invention is to suggest a method of controlling and distributing a rotating magnetic field which is applied to a cast strand present in a mould by means of two-phase or polyphase stirrers for stirring the non-solidified portions of a cast strand, whereby a sufficiently strong stirring to obtain the desired metallurgical result is ensured a certain distance down in the cast strand whereas the stirring near the meniscus can be controlled and checked such that optimum conditions can be offered with one and the same mould stirrer both during open and closed casting, such that sufficient stirring of the melt near the meniscus is obtained during open casting whereas this stirring is limited, inter alia to minimize the risks of powder being drawn down, during closed casting.
- molten metal or metal alloy such as steel
- molten metal or metal alloy such as steel
- a mould which is open at both ends in the casting direction.
- the molten metal is cooled, and during the passage through the mould a cast strand is formed.
- the cast strand exhibits at least one self-supporting surface layer and residual melt contained therein.
- the flow or the stirring of liquid metal in non-solidified portions of the formed cast strand is achieved and maintained by applying at least one rotating magnetic field to act on molten parts of the cast strand during the solidification of the metal.
- This rotating magnetic field is applied by means of a two-phase or polyphase mould stirrer arranged adjacent to the mould.
- the mould stirrer comprises two or more sub-stirrers. Each one of these sub-stirrers comprises at least one magnetic core and an ac-fed phase winding, arranged around the core, which are arranged in such a way that the magnetic field which is generated inside the mould, on a level with the cores, essentially comprises a magnetic field-strength component, B y , oriented across the casting direction.
- the phase windings included in the mould stirrer are arranged sufficiently near the inner wall of the mould and are designed in such a way that the magnetic field which is generated inside the mould on a level with the phase windings mentioned essentially comprises a magnetic field-strength component, B z , oriented parallel to the casting direction.
- the relative position in the casting direction is adjusted between the cores included in the mould stirrer and the upper surface of the melt, the meniscus.
- the differences in the orientation of the magnetic field strength between the levels at the phase windings and the cores, respectively, which are obtained when the cores are arranged and designed according to the invention, are utilized.
- the magnetic field-strength component across the casting direction, B y dominates on a level with the cores while at the same time the magnetic field-strength component parallel to the casting direction, B z , dominates on a level with the phase windings.
- the invention When the invention is applied to open casting, wherein melt is supplied to the mould by means of a free tapping jet which hits the upper surface of the melt, the meniscus, the cores included in the mould stirrer are arranged with their upper edge sufficiently near the meniscus, preferably less than 100 mm from the meniscus.
- a sufficiently strong flow is achieved and maintained at and near the meniscus by means of the forces which are generated by cooperation between the component of the magnetic field across the casting direction, B y , and the electric currents induced in the melt by the magnetic field while at the same time the component B z of the magnetic field, on a level with the above-mentioned phase windings, is applied near the surface of the meniscus without achieving any force directed opposite to the flow.
- the cores are arranged with their upper edge 50 to 100 mm below the meniscus, while at the same time the phase windings included in the mould stirrer are arranged with their front edge 50 to 100 mm from the inner surface of the mould stirrer and, during open casting, the cores included in the mould stirrer are arranged with their upper edge less than 100 mm below the meniscus.
- a two-phase or polyphase mould stirrer for carrying out the invented method which is arranged in the form of two or more sub-stirrers, each one at least comprising one magnetic core and one ac-fed phase winding arranged around the core, in a preferred embodiment the phase windings included in the mould stirrer are arranged in the form of foil-wound coils, where the foil-wound coils are arranged with their front edge sufficiently close to the mould wall for the magnetic field which is generated inside the mould on a level with the foil windings to essentially comprise a magnetic field-strength component, B z , oriented parallel to the casting direction, and for the foil windings to receive sufficiently indirect cooling from the cooling means arranged for cooling the mould.
- Figures 1 and 2 show the field-strength distribution and the moment which are obtained during open and closed casting, respectively, with a stirrer arranged according to the prior art, optimally placed relative to the meniscus.
- Figures 3 and 4 show a mould with a stirrer arranged according to the invention.
- Figure 5 shows the distribution in a plane in the casting direction for the field strength and moment of the magnetic field as well as the magnetic field, the electric currents which are induced in the mould during stirring, and the forces which arise by cooperation between the magnetic field and induced currents when the cores and phase windings included in the mould are arranged and designed according to the invention during open casting
- Figure 6 shows the same during closed casting where the stirrer is located at essentially the same level in the mould whereas its location relative to the meniscus has been achieved by means of a possible displacement of the meniscus position for the mould.
- the situation regarding the desired stirring of the melt at the meniscus 17 is the reverse, and the applied rotating magnetic field is arranged such that its field strength on a level with the meniscus is limited by applying the field-strength maximum B max of the magnetic field at a level essentially under the meniscus 17-, whereby the magnetic field strength B on a level with the meniscus 17 is essentially lower than the maximum value B max as is shown in Figure 2.
- the mould stirrer is usually oversized so that it can be fed with a higher current intensity and apply a magnetic field to the melt which, at the meniscus, exhibits a sufficient magnetic field strength to achieve the required flow at the meniscus 17.
- the mould stirrer is usually oversized so that it can be fed with a higher current intensity and apply a magnetic field to the melt which, at the meniscus, exhibits a sufficient magnetic field strength to achieve the required flow at the meniscus 17.
- mould stirrers During casting of metal in a mould, which is open in both ends in the casting direction, with cooled wall plates 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, the metal melt is cooled and formed into a cast strand 11.
- One or more mould stirrers is/are arranged to apply a rotating magnetic field to the non-solidified portions of the cast strand 13.
- the mould stirrers according to one embodiment of the invention which is shown in Figures 3 and 4, comprise four sub-stirrers which are arranged adjacent to the wall plates 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d of the mould.
- the sub-stirrers comprise at least iron cores 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and phase windings 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d arranged therearound and are surrounded by a yoke 16 of a magnetically conducting material, whereby the magnetic circuits are closed.
- Figure 5 shows the distribution in a plane in the casting direction for the field strength and moments of the magnetic field as well as the magnetic field, the electric currents which are induced in the mould during stirring, and the forces which arise by cooperation between the magnetic field and the induced currents when the cores and the phase windings included in the mould are arranged and designed according to the invention during open casting
- Figure 6 shows the same during closed casting where the stirrer is located at essentially the same level in the mould whereas its location relative to the meniscus is achieved by means of a possible displacement of the meniscus position of the mould.
- the cores 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and the phase windings 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d included in the mould stirrer are arranged and designed according to the invention, it is sufficient with that displacement of the position of the meniscus 17 relative to these 14, 15 which can be achieved with a normal displacement of the meniscus position in the casting direction for obtaining a distribution of that magnetic field 21 induced in the mould which by cooperation with induced currents 22 gives optimum flow conditions both during open and closed casting.
- the flow desired for the current casting situation is obtained essentially without any change of the field strength fed through the coil windings of the mould stirrer.
- the cores 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and the phase windings 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d included in the mould stirrers are arranged and designed according to that embodiment of the invention which is shown in Figures 3 and 4 where each one of the phase windings is designed in the form of a foil-wound coil.
- the foil-wound phase windings 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d are very compact and therefore need no separate cooling but are given sufficient indirect cooling through the cooling circuit of the mould.
- mould stirrers are then arranged at moulds where more poles than four can be arranged to control and distribute a magnetic field applied to the melt in a mould according to the invention.
- a magnetic feedback 16 a magnetic yoke
- the magnetic yoke 16 is arranged to surround the mould and the sub-stirrers.
- the cores 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 145 and the phase windings 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d included are arranged such that the propagation and magnetic field strength B of the rotating magnetic field applied to and acting on the non-solidified portions 13 of the cast strand are controlled and distributed in such a way that the flow of the melt at and adjacent the meniscus is braked because a force, which is directed opposite to the stirring induced in the melt by the component of the magnetic field across the casting direction, B y , is achieved and maintained by the forces which are applied to the melt on a level with the phase winding by cooperation between the component of the magnetic field in the casting direction, B z , and the electric currents which are induced in the melt by the magnetic field.
- each one of the phase windings 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d included in the sub-stirrers is arranged with its front edge at a distance away from the melt which is smaller than 150 mm. Since the mould wall normally has a thickness which usually exceeds 8 mm, the phase winding is preferably arranged at a distance away from the inner surface of the mould wall of between 10 and 150 mm.
- the iron cores included in the sub-stirrers are arranged more than 25 mm below the meniscus, preferably 25 to 200 mm below the meniscus.
- the phase windings included in the sub-stirrers are preferably arranged with their front edge at a distance from the inner surface of the mould wall, that is, from the melt, which lies within an interval of 50 to 100 mm, and the iron cores 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d included in the sub-stirrers are arranged with their upper edge 50 to 100 below the meniscus.
- each one of the iron cores 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d included in the sub-stirrers is arranged with its upper edge less than 100 mm from the meniscus.
- the iron cores 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d included in the sub-stirrers are preferably arranged with their upper edge less than 100 mm below the meniscus.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9404370A SE513627C2 (sv) | 1994-12-15 | 1994-12-15 | Sätt och anordning vid gjutning i kokill |
| SE9404370 | 1994-12-15 | ||
| PCT/SE1995/001506 WO1996018469A1 (en) | 1994-12-15 | 1995-12-14 | Method and device for casting in a mould |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0797487A1 EP0797487A1 (en) | 1997-10-01 |
| EP0797487B1 true EP0797487B1 (en) | 2000-06-21 |
Family
ID=20396350
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95941323A Expired - Lifetime EP0797487B1 (en) | 1994-12-15 | 1995-12-14 | Method for casting in a mould |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0797487B1 (sv) |
| CN (1) | CN1083308C (sv) |
| AT (1) | ATE193986T1 (sv) |
| DE (1) | DE69517599T2 (sv) |
| ES (1) | ES2150593T3 (sv) |
| SE (1) | SE513627C2 (sv) |
| WO (1) | WO1996018469A1 (sv) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10057037A1 (de) * | 2000-11-17 | 2002-05-23 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Stranggießen von Metallen, insbesondere von Stahl |
| CN103331435A (zh) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-10-02 | 上海大学 | 外加旋转磁场和电流复合控制金属凝固相组织的方法及其熔铸装置 |
| TW201946710A (zh) * | 2018-05-08 | 2019-12-16 | 日商日本製鐵股份有限公司 | 電磁攪拌裝置 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2109724A (en) * | 1981-11-20 | 1983-06-08 | British Steel Corp | Improvements in or relating to electromagnetic stirring in the continuous casting of steel |
| DE3819493A1 (de) * | 1988-06-08 | 1989-12-14 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | Knueppel- bzw. vorblock-stranggiesskokille |
| LU88034A1 (fr) * | 1991-11-13 | 1993-05-17 | Centrem Sa | Procédé de brassage électromagnétique en coulée continue |
| US5251685A (en) * | 1992-08-05 | 1993-10-12 | Inland Steel Company | Apparatus and method for sidewall containment of molten metal with horizontal alternating magnetic fields |
-
1994
- 1994-12-15 SE SE9404370A patent/SE513627C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-12-14 AT AT95941323T patent/ATE193986T1/de active
- 1995-12-14 CN CN95197585A patent/CN1083308C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-12-14 WO PCT/SE1995/001506 patent/WO1996018469A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-12-14 EP EP95941323A patent/EP0797487B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-14 ES ES95941323T patent/ES2150593T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-14 DE DE69517599T patent/DE69517599T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE9404370L (sv) | 1996-06-16 |
| CN1083308C (zh) | 2002-04-24 |
| SE513627C2 (sv) | 2000-10-09 |
| SE9404370D0 (sv) | 1994-12-15 |
| WO1996018469A1 (en) | 1996-06-20 |
| DE69517599D1 (de) | 2000-07-27 |
| ES2150593T3 (es) | 2000-12-01 |
| EP0797487A1 (en) | 1997-10-01 |
| DE69517599T2 (de) | 2001-02-15 |
| CN1176613A (zh) | 1998-03-18 |
| ATE193986T1 (de) | 2000-07-15 |
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