EP0795733A2 - Dispositif d'aide de visée optique - Google Patents

Dispositif d'aide de visée optique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0795733A2
EP0795733A2 EP97109111A EP97109111A EP0795733A2 EP 0795733 A2 EP0795733 A2 EP 0795733A2 EP 97109111 A EP97109111 A EP 97109111A EP 97109111 A EP97109111 A EP 97109111A EP 0795733 A2 EP0795733 A2 EP 0795733A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
assist device
target
target assist
optics
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97109111A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0795733A3 (fr
Inventor
Peter Gerber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
Original Assignee
Oerlikon Contraves AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oerlikon Contraves AG filed Critical Oerlikon Contraves AG
Publication of EP0795733A2 publication Critical patent/EP0795733A2/fr
Publication of EP0795733A3 publication Critical patent/EP0795733A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G1/00—Sighting devices
    • F41G1/32—Night sights, e.g. luminescent
    • F41G1/34—Night sights, e.g. luminescent combined with light source, e.g. spot light
    • F41G1/35—Night sights, e.g. luminescent combined with light source, e.g. spot light for illuminating the target, e.g. flash lights

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a target assist device and a deflection optics, and a method for operating a target assist device, as well as a holographic phase grating for such a device according to the preamble of the independent claims.
  • Aiming devices of this type are used, for example, to aim weapons. As a rule, they produce a bundled beam of light that is only a small distance apart and essentially parallel to the firing axis. The point of light visible on the target then essentially shows the point of entry.
  • Such devices are not well suited for use in great darkness because they dazzle the observer with their bright point. Furthermore, for the aiming process over short distances and for the safe illumination of small objects located on the target, a larger area of illumination is required. In such situations, additional lighting must therefore be used which either or preferably allows the eye or a night vision device to detect the rough contours of the target area. However, this is relatively cumbersome.
  • the light from the light source is divided into two parts, the first part being used to generate the bundled light beam in order to mark the target point as a light point in a known manner.
  • the second part of the light is used to generate a divergent lighting field with an annular portion generated by grating.
  • This illumination field generally has an approximately conical shape and preferably extends approximately concentrically around the bundled light beam. In the target, it brightens up the surroundings of the light point and allows the location of the target point and the type of target to be identified.
  • the light source is preferably constructed in such a way that it emits an essentially bundled beam, part of the light output of this beam being essentially unaffected by the deflection optics in its divergence, while another part is diffracted in order to generate the illumination field.
  • the deflection optics it has proven to be particularly advantageous to design the deflection optics as a holographic grating. This is advantageous because it is particularly efficient to carry out as a so-called phase grating (H. Driver, M. Driver, Laser Technology, Volume 2, Holography, cheeky publisher, Stuttgart, 1987, pages 59-61).
  • phase grating H. Driver, M. Driver, Laser Technology, Volume 2, Holography, cheeky publisher, Stuttgart, 1987, pages 59-61).
  • the plane light wave of a collimated laser beam is spatially changed in phase laterally to its direction of propagation, as a result of which the light beam is largely diffracted in other directions of propagation depending on the extent of the location-dependent phase change.
  • This location-dependent phase change is produced laterally to the direction of propagation of the collimated light beam by irradiating an optically denser medium, the irradiation length of which varies depending on the location due to its shape or whose optical refractive index has a corresponding location dependency.
  • a holographic phase grating is used to generate an additional light cone, the projection of which results in a circle on a flat surface inserted into the propagation path, which phase grids the phase of the plane light wave perpendicularly incident in this grating with a constant Period changed along the distance from a central axis of the beam, with rotational symmetry about this axis.
  • a laser is preferably used as the light source, which emits light in the visible or infrared spectral range. Infrared lasers are particularly suitable for combination with night vision devices.
  • a major advantage of using holographic phase gratings is a great saving in space and mass, which in turn means less sensitivity to large accelerations.
  • the use of a grating that does not completely diffract the incident light beam has the advantage that the remaining undeflected rest of the collimated light beam retains its original dimensions and is not subject to any unwanted increased diffraction. Since such an undiffracted light beam has a lower optical area power density for a given optical power component, higher limit powers are permissible if the criteria relevant for the safety of the human eye are met. It should also be noted that the uneven lateral expansion of the collimated light beam entering the grating does not have a significant effect on the shape of the diffracted light beam.
  • the aiming device 1 has an axis 2 which is adjusted, for example, parallel to the firing axis of a weapon. On the one hand, it generates a bundled beam of light 3 that propagates along the axis 2 . At the same time, however, the target device can also generate a divergent light cone 4 . This cone has an opening angle of z. B. about 10 mrad and has axis 2 as an axis of symmetry.
  • the focused beam 3 generates a light spot 6 on a target object 5 , which marks the intersection of the axis 2 with the target plane. If the weapon and the target device 1 are correctly adjusted to one another, then the light point 6 essentially corresponds to the bullet point.
  • the light cone 4 forms an illuminated ring 7 around the light point 6 . This allows the observer to align closer targets more easily with axis 3 , since the spot size of an undeflected light beam is only a few mm after shorter distances.
  • Figures 2-4 show sections through the head of a novel target Unit 1.
  • the device comprises a housing 8 with a front end 9 , a head with holder 10 and a light source 11 . Furthermore, it also includes a power supply, operating elements and adjusting devices, the structure of which is known to the person skilled in the art and which are therefore not shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the light source 11 is a semiconductor laser that generates light in the infrared or visible spectral range.
  • the light source 11 further comprises an optics (not shown) of known design in order to bundle the light of the laser diode into a beam 12 which is as parallel as possible.
  • the beam 12 has e.g. B. an elliptical diameter of 3 x 5 mm.
  • the head comprises a holder 10 , in which three openings 13 , 14 and 15 are recessed.
  • the holder 10 is pivotally arranged so that each of the three openings can be pivoted into the beam 12 ,
  • the beam 12 enters the central opening 15 . No optical elements are arranged in this opening, so that the beam passes them unchanged. In this position, the aiming aid device therefore only produces a bundled aiming beam 3 but not a divergent lighting cone 4 .
  • the holder 10 can be pivoted relative to the closure 9 by means of a pivot point 18b .
  • a screw 18b (fulcrum) forms the pivot axis and a screw 18a runs in an elongated hole 18c .
  • a recess 19 with an approximately kidney-shaped outline is milled into which the front end of the light source 11 engages.
  • the light source 11 is in contact with the edge of the recess 19 and forms a stop.
  • the beam 12 of the light source 11 falls into one of the openings 13 or 14.
  • deflection optics 16 or 17 are provided.
  • the deflection optics 17 is designed as a holographic phase grating.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the structure of a holographic phase grating 33 which is used in the present invention and which consists of annular elevations of an optically transparent material which are arranged at a uniform distance from one another around a central point.
  • the cross-section 35 of the elevations is rectangular due to the simplicity of the manufacturing process.
  • the phase grating is irradiated, there is a rectangular change in the phase of the originally planar light wave, since the light has to travel different lengths through the optically denser medium of the holographic phase grating.
  • the diffracted light forms a cone with a wall thickness corresponding approximately to the diameter of the collimated beam 12 irradiating the phase grating 33 .
  • Further embodiments are based on a variation of the optical refractive index of a medium containing the holographic phase grating, which can also be influenced by means of an electrical field.
  • the grating of the present exemplary embodiment is designed in such a way that the phase of the originally planar light wave in the corresponding annular zones increases by 0.73 ⁇ , which means that approximately 20% of the light output remains in the undeflected beam.
  • the degree of the sudden phase change can be adjusted, so that the distribution of the light output between the diffracted and undiffracted light beam can be adjusted continuously and without the use of mechanical means.
  • Another embodiment consists of a holographic grating with variation of the optical attenuation instead of the phase of the light field, these using suitable means, e.g. B. liquid crystal cells is to be made.
  • FIG. 6 shows a projection of the undiffracted and diffracted light onto a vertical target plane.
  • the light point 6 has a divergence of 0.5 mrad proportional to the size of the projection, which is 10 mrad for the ring 7 produced by diffraction in the holographic grating.
  • the thickness of the ring corresponds approximately to the wall thickness of the light cone 4 and thus the diameter of the light spot 6 .
  • uniform illumination of an area 39 is additionally provided between the ring 7 and the light point 6 , which also extends outside the ring 7 as required.
  • the position of the center of the circle 7 in the target plane is critical with regard to the perpendicular incidence of the light beam in the holographic phase grating, but a shift of the grating perpendicular to the optical axis only causes an uneven thickness of the ring 7 .
  • the total light output emitted by the target device should preferably be higher in these positions than in the middle position of the holder 10 .
  • a position sensor 30 indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 4 may be provided on the holder, which increases the power of the light source 11 when its light is sent through one of the deflecting optics 16 or 17 .
  • the holder a dashed line in Figure 4 signed Abschwharifilter 31 may be provided in the central aperture 15 10, which attenuates the optical power of the beam 12th
  • the target device described is suitable for all types of use, but the device is also particularly suitable for combination with other optoelectronic auxiliary systems.
  • the beam emitted by the light source is modulated in time and thus provided with information and identification signals, which are then transmitted in a directed and scattered manner.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)
  • Telescopes (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
EP97109111A 1995-05-05 1996-04-25 Dispositif d'aide de visée optique Withdrawn EP0795733A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH130795A CH690597A5 (de) 1995-05-05 1995-05-05 Optisches Zielhilfegerät.
CH1307/95 1995-05-05
EP19960106501 EP0741275B1 (fr) 1995-05-05 1996-04-25 Dispositif d'aide de visée optique

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96106501.8 Division 1996-04-25
EP19960106501 Division EP0741275B1 (fr) 1995-05-05 1996-04-25 Dispositif d'aide de visée optique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0795733A2 true EP0795733A2 (fr) 1997-09-17
EP0795733A3 EP0795733A3 (fr) 1997-11-19

Family

ID=4207380

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19960106501 Expired - Lifetime EP0741275B1 (fr) 1995-05-05 1996-04-25 Dispositif d'aide de visée optique
EP97109111A Withdrawn EP0795733A3 (fr) 1995-05-05 1996-04-25 Dispositif d'aide de visée optique

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19960106501 Expired - Lifetime EP0741275B1 (fr) 1995-05-05 1996-04-25 Dispositif d'aide de visée optique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0741275B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH08313198A (fr)
CH (1) CH690597A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE59607912D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6450816B1 (en) 1998-03-09 2002-09-17 Oerlikon Contraves Ag Identification system

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6714564B1 (en) * 1999-08-23 2004-03-30 B. E. Meyers & Co., Inc. Dual function single laser
KR101498116B1 (ko) * 2013-02-28 2015-03-04 주식회사 코리아일레콤 가시광선과 적외선 레이저빔이 정렬된 적층형의 레이저 발사기 및 빔 정렬방법

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE493420A (fr) * 1950-07-03
US4627183A (en) * 1985-04-11 1986-12-09 Stuckman Lowell R Firearm with aiming light
US4777754A (en) * 1986-12-12 1988-10-18 Laser Products Corporation Light beam assisted aiming of firearms

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE493420A (fr) * 1950-07-03
US4627183A (en) * 1985-04-11 1986-12-09 Stuckman Lowell R Firearm with aiming light
US4777754A (en) * 1986-12-12 1988-10-18 Laser Products Corporation Light beam assisted aiming of firearms

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6450816B1 (en) 1998-03-09 2002-09-17 Oerlikon Contraves Ag Identification system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0741275A3 (fr) 1997-11-19
JPH08313198A (ja) 1996-11-29
DE59607912D1 (de) 2001-11-22
EP0741275B1 (fr) 2001-10-17
CH690597A5 (de) 2000-10-31
EP0741275A2 (fr) 1996-11-06
EP0795733A3 (fr) 1997-11-19

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