EP0789376B1 - Switch with a temperature-dependent switching device - Google Patents

Switch with a temperature-dependent switching device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0789376B1
EP0789376B1 EP96116940A EP96116940A EP0789376B1 EP 0789376 B1 EP0789376 B1 EP 0789376B1 EP 96116940 A EP96116940 A EP 96116940A EP 96116940 A EP96116940 A EP 96116940A EP 0789376 B1 EP0789376 B1 EP 0789376B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
cover part
resistor
switching mechanism
contact region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96116940A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0789376A3 (en
EP0789376A2 (en
Inventor
Marcel Hofsäss
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HOFSAESS, MARCEL
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Individual
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Publication of EP0789376A2 publication Critical patent/EP0789376A2/en
Publication of EP0789376A3 publication Critical patent/EP0789376A3/en
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Publication of EP0789376B1 publication Critical patent/EP0789376B1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/14Electrothermal mechanisms
    • H01H71/16Electrothermal mechanisms with bimetal element
    • H01H71/164Heating elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00Contacts
    • H01H1/50Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/504Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by thermal means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02Details
    • H01H37/32Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an opening switch and / or closing a circuit with a temperature-dependent Rear derailleur and a derailleur receiving Housing, which is an electrically conductive lower part and this has a closing, electrically conductive cover part, the is electrically insulated from the lower part, the Switchgear an electrical depending on its temperature Establishes connection between the cover part and the lower part and the circuit on the one hand with the cover part and on the other hand is connectable to the lower part.
  • a metal housing is provided the lower part by the interposition of an insulating film is insulated from the cover part.
  • the cover part is through a flanged edge of the lower part captively attached to this.
  • a temperature-dependent bimetal switch mechanism provided which comprises a spring washer which a movable contact part carries. There is one over the contact part Bimetallic snap disc put over.
  • the spring washer presses the movable contact part against you provided on the inside of the cover part and is supported on the other hand, with its edge on the inside of the lower part. Since the Spring washer is made of electrically conductive material, becomes an electrical connection between the cover part and the lower part.
  • the temperature of the switch is now increased, it snaps the bimetallic snap disc is now supported with its edge on the inside of the cover part and presses the movable contact part against the force of the spring washer away from the cover part.
  • the insulating film covers a large part of the inside of the cover part covered, the edge is now supported on the cover part of the Bimetallic disc insulated from the cover part, so that after Lift off the contact part from the projection which is electrical conductive connection between the cover part and the lower part is interrupted.
  • Such switches are in series with an electrical Consumer switched into a circuit, being good thermal connection between the electrical switch and the consumer to be protected is taken care of. Because of the above described functional principle of the bimetal rear derailleur the consumer is powered as long as his temperature is so low that the response temperature of the bimetallic snap disc is not reached. The temperature of the Consumer due to a malfunction above a permissible Value, the circuit is interrupted and thus the Consumer switched off to protect against overtemperature.
  • the well-known switch with its encapsulated metal housing is very robust and insensitive to mechanical influences, so that he can satisfy the demands made on him Fulfills.
  • this switch has the disadvantage that it is Cooling of the consumer automatically switches on again, see above that there is repeated switching on and off of the consumer comes when the malfunction does not occur after the first shutdown is eliminated. Such a clocking switching behavior is however often undesirable.
  • EP 0 284 916 A2 Another switch known, the one from a cover part PTC thermistor material includes sealed lower part, in which the Rear derailleur is arranged.
  • the bimetal rear derailleur includes in known a bimetallic snap disc and a spring washer, on which a movable contact part is held. Below the response temperature of the bimetallic snap disc the movable contact part is countered by the spring washer a fixed contact part provided on the cover part is pressed, which is like a rivet through the cover part extends and merges into a head outside.
  • the bottom part is made of electrically conductive material, so that Switchgear a conductive connection at low temperatures between the lower part and the head of the fixed contact part manufactures.
  • the cover part is in conductive connection both with the fixed contact part as well as with the lower part, so that it is electrically connected in parallel to the switching mechanism.
  • the cover part comprises a ceramic support part on which a Coal resistor is arranged as the heating resistor for the Self-holding function ensures.
  • the cover part is made of thermistor material, points it does not have the required pressure stability in the rough Everyday use of the known switch is often required.
  • Such switches are namely for temperature monitoring used by motors, heating coils, etc., often strong mechanical loads due to the operation exposed to the vibrations associated with the consumer to be protected are. Strong pressures on the lid of the Temperature monitor are exercised.
  • the parallel resistor is a carbon resistor
  • the The lid itself is made of a mechanically more stable material be made, but it is the same as for the cover part a through-connection made of PTC thermistor material through the cover to the outside world, which is discussed at the beginning Switch is not needed.
  • the switch known from EP 0 284 916 A2 therefore has compared to the switch mentioned at the outset, it has the advantage that it is provided with a self-holding function brings for it but other drawbacks that come with the elaborate Construction and the lower mechanical strength.
  • This switch includes one with conductive and insulating Coated ceramic carrier plate, on the one encapsulated bimetal rear derailleur is arranged next to the PTC thermistor module that sits electrically parallel to the Rear derailleur is switched. On the ceramic carrier plate is further a thick film resistor arranged under the rear derailleur leads and is connected in series with this.
  • the well-known switch is also in series with one protective consumer switched so that it from the operating current flows through this consumer. Stands at the same time this switch in a known manner in thermal connection with the consumer to be monitored.
  • the operating current increases of the consumer due to a defect in prohibited
  • the thick-film resistor connected in series heats up the rear derailleur so that it opens so that the PTC resistor connected in parallel takes over the current.
  • this switch is also used if the switch is too high Temperatures of the consumer to be protected opened, whereby the PTC resistor also for a self-holding of the now open rear derailleur.
  • this task is discussed at the beginning Switch released in that directly on the inside of the housing at least one resistor is arranged in a Switch position of the rear derailleur in series with this between Cover part and lower part is switched.
  • the object underlying the invention is achieved in this way completely solved.
  • the inventor of the present application has namely recognized that it is surprisingly possible to have one Resistance immediately inside on the electrically conductive Apply lid part or on the electrically conductive lower part and the required resistance value for the Self-holding function and / or overcurrent sensitivity adjust.
  • the resistance ensures a current sensitivity of the new switch.
  • the resistance should have a value between approx. 50 m ⁇ and 30 ⁇ . This can e.g. by bismuth ruthenate, which in the Screen printing process on the lid part or the bottom part can be applied.
  • the resistor is in series with the rear derailleur is switched if this is above the response temperature is located, i.e. has opened the circuit, it ensures a self-holding function.
  • the resistance value approx. 10 to 100 kQ which e.g. by barium titanate is achieved, which is glued with conductive adhesive or by Cathode sputtering can be "sputtered on".
  • a further resistance arranged directly on the inside of the housing is in a different switching position of the rear derailleur in Row with this switched between the cover part and lower part is.
  • the rear derailleur is on Movable contact part comprises that of one by one Bimetallic snap disk movable, electrically conductive Spring washer is worn and in a first switching position of the rear derailleur on the inside of a contact area of the cover part abuts, the spring washer with its edge on a Support contact area of the lower part.
  • contact part in a second Switch position of the rear derailleur on another contact area of the lower part rests and the spring washer with her Edge in contact with another contact area on the cover part is.
  • the advantage here is that a changeover switch is provided, so to speak will, however, can use the well-known rear derailleur.
  • the generic switch it is only for this required to attach the insulating film only so that the inside of the cover part is no longer opposite the Inside the housing, i.e. opposite the edge of the bimetallic snap disk and / or the spring washer, is isolated.
  • the known switching mechanism thus connects the cover part and the lower part on the one hand in that the movable contact part on the Cover part and the edge of the spring washer on the lower part is present, while in the other switching position the movable Contact part on the lower part and the edge of the spring washer if necessary with the inner edge of the bimetallic snap disc abuts the cover part. That way, a very simple changeover switch created, which now depends on The individual resistors need accordingly on the inside can be arranged from the cover part and lower part.
  • the resistance can e.g. be designed as a disc and then in the contact areas of the movable contact part on the cover part or be arranged on the bottom part.
  • the resistor it is possible to form the resistor as a ring and thus put it on the contact areas for the edge of the spring washer on the To be arranged on the inside of the cover part or of the base part.
  • other geometries are in view of setting the Resistance value conceivable, e.g. Meandering or spiral shapes.
  • the only figure shows a schematic diagram of the new one Switch in longitudinal section.
  • 10 denotes a switch that comprises a housing 12 in which a temperature-dependent switching mechanism 13 is arranged.
  • the housing 12 comprises an electrical conductive material manufactured lower part 14 and a likewise electrically conductive cover part 15 through an insulating ring 16 is electrically insulated from the lower part 14.
  • the mechanical cohesion between lower part 14, cover part 15 and insulating ring 16 can e.g. by one for reasons of clarity not shown flanged edge, by gluing, by Jamming or other suitable measures. For the present invention, this plays mechanical Fastening does not play an important role. Because of more related Information is given on the above References printed.
  • the switch 10 is on its underside 17 and one Locking recess 18 on the cover part 15 with a circuit connected in series with a consumer to be protected is switched.
  • the bimetal rear derailleur 13 includes a spring washer 21, the carries a movable contact part 22.
  • a bimetallic snap disk 23 is about the mobile Contact part 22.
  • the Bimetal snap disc In the switch position shown in Figure 1 is the Bimetal snap disc below its response temperature.
  • the spring washer 21 is supported its edge 24 on a contact area 25 on the inside of the lower part 14 and presses the movable contact part 22 against one Contact area 26, the inside of a projection 27 of the Cover part 15 is provided. This projection corresponds to 27 the locking recess 18 on the outside of the cover part 15.
  • the switching mechanism 13 then finally reaches its second Switching state in which the movable contact part 22 below supported on the lower part 14 at a further contact area 29, while the edge 24 of the spring washer 21 may now under Intermediate layer of the bimetallic snap disk 23 at the contact area 28 is present. This way, one is now electrical again conductive connection between the cover part 15 and the Lower part 14 made.
  • the switch 10 thus works as Changeover switch.
  • the resistance disc "responsible for overcurrent sensitivity" 32 on the cover part 15 is e.g. made from bismuth ruthenate, has a diameter of 1.5 mm and a layer thickness of 0.05 mm, resulting in a resistance value of approx. 4 ⁇ which is suitable for overcurrent sensitivity.
  • the resistance ring 31, which is also made of bismuth ruthenate is manufactured an outer diameter of 9 and one Have an inner diameter of 8 mm, so that it has a thickness of 0.05 mm shows a total resistance of 0.5 ⁇ , which also provides overcurrent sensitivity.
  • the resistance disc 29 responsible for self-retention is e.g. made from barium titanate and is a round disc with a thickness of 1 mm, glued on with conductive glue becomes.
  • conductive plastic can also be used.
  • the resistance value of the resistance disc 29 becomes corresponding the known geometric relationships so adjusted that it is 10 to 100 kQ when warm.
  • a corresponding one Resistance value can also be determined by suitable dimensioning reach the resistance ring 28. It is also possible that Barium titanate or a comparable PTC semiconductor Sputtering on the cathode.

Landscapes

  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)

Abstract

The switch comprises a control mechanism (13) and a casing (12) accommodating the control mechanism, which includes an electrically conducting lower part (14), as well as an electrically conducting cover part (15). The cover part is electrically isolated from the lower part. The control mechanism produces an electric connection between the cover part and the lower part in dependence on its temperature, and connects the circuit on one hand with the cover part and on the other hand with the lower part. At least one resistance (31, 32, 33, 34) is arranged directly inside the casing, and is connected in a switching position of the control mechanism (13) in series with it between cover part and lower part.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Schalter zum Öffnen und/oder Schließen eines Stromkreises, mit einem temperaturabhängigen Schaltwerk und einem das Schaltwerk aufnehmendem Gehäuse, das ein elektrisch leitendes Unterteil sowie ein dieses verschließendes, elektrisch leitendes Deckelteil aufweist, das gegenüber dem Unterteil elektrisch isoliert ist, wobei das Schaltwerk in Abhängigkeit von seiner Temperatur eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Deckelteil und dem Unterteil herstellt und der Stromkreis einerseits mit dem Deckelteil und andererseits mit dem Unterteil verbindbar ist. The present invention relates to an opening switch and / or closing a circuit with a temperature-dependent Rear derailleur and a derailleur receiving Housing, which is an electrically conductive lower part and this has a closing, electrically conductive cover part, the is electrically insulated from the lower part, the Switchgear an electrical depending on its temperature Establishes connection between the cover part and the lower part and the circuit on the one hand with the cover part and on the other hand is connectable to the lower part.

Ein derartiger Schalter ist aus der DE 29 17 482 C2 bekannt.Such a switch is known from DE 29 17 482 C2.

Bei dem bekannten Schalter ist ein Metallgehäuse vorgesehen, wobei durch Zwischenlage einer Isolierfolie das Unterteil gegenüber dem Deckelteil isoliert ist. Das Deckelteil ist durch einen Bördelrand des Unterteils an diesem unverlierbar befestigt. Im Inneren des Gehäuses ist ein temperaturabhängiges Bimetall-Schaltwerk vorgesehen, das eine Federscheibe umfaßt, die ein bewegliches Kontaktteil trägt. Über das Kontaktteil ist eine Bimetall-Schnappscheibe gestülpt.In the known switch, a metal housing is provided the lower part by the interposition of an insulating film is insulated from the cover part. The cover part is through a flanged edge of the lower part captively attached to this. Inside the housing is a temperature-dependent bimetal switch mechanism provided which comprises a spring washer which a movable contact part carries. There is one over the contact part Bimetallic snap disc put over.

Unterhalb der Ansprechtemperatur der Bimetall-Schnappscheibe drückt die Federscheibe das bewegliche Kontaktteil gegen einen innen am Deckelteil vorgesehenen Vorsprung und stützt sich andererseits mit ihrem Rand innen am Unterteil ab. Da die Federscheibe aus elektrisch leitendem Material gefertigt ist, wird so eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Deckelteil und dem Unterteil hergestellt.Below the response temperature of the bimetallic snap disc the spring washer presses the movable contact part against you provided on the inside of the cover part and is supported on the other hand, with its edge on the inside of the lower part. Since the Spring washer is made of electrically conductive material, becomes an electrical connection between the cover part and the lower part.

Wird jetzt die Temperatur des Schalters erhöht, so schnappt die Bimetall-Schnappscheibe um, stützt sich mit ihrem Rand nun innen am Deckelteil ab und drückt das bewegliche Kontaktteil gegen die Kraft der Federscheibe von dem Deckelteil weg. Da die Isolierfolie einen großen Teil der Innenseite des Deckelteils bedeckt, ist der sich nun am Deckelteil abstütztende Rand der Bimetall-Scheibe gegenüber dem Deckelteil isoliert, so daß nach Abheben des Kontaktteils von dem Vorsprung die elektrisch leitende Verbindung zwischen dem Deckelteil und dem Unterteil unterbrochen ist.If the temperature of the switch is now increased, it snaps the bimetallic snap disc is now supported with its edge on the inside of the cover part and presses the movable contact part against the force of the spring washer away from the cover part. There the insulating film covers a large part of the inside of the cover part covered, the edge is now supported on the cover part of the Bimetallic disc insulated from the cover part, so that after Lift off the contact part from the projection which is electrical conductive connection between the cover part and the lower part is interrupted.

Derartige Schalter werden in Reihe mit einem elektrischen Verbraucher in einen Stromkreis geschaltet, wobei für eine gute thermische Verbindung zwischen dem elektrischen Schalter und dem zu schützenden Verbraucher gesorgt wird. Aufgrund des oben beschriebenen Funktionsprinzips des Bimetall-Schaltwerkes wird der Verbraucher so lange mit Strom versorgt, wie seine Temperatur so niedrig ist, daß die Ansprechtemperatur der Bimetall-Schnappscheibe nicht erreicht wird. Erhöht sich die Temperatur des Verbrauchers aufgrund einer Betriebsstörung über einen zulässigen Wert hinaus, so wird der Stromkreis unterbrochen und somit der Verbraucher zum Schutz vor Übertemperaturen abgeschaltet.Such switches are in series with an electrical Consumer switched into a circuit, being good thermal connection between the electrical switch and the consumer to be protected is taken care of. Because of the above described functional principle of the bimetal rear derailleur the consumer is powered as long as his temperature is so low that the response temperature of the bimetallic snap disc is not reached. The temperature of the Consumer due to a malfunction above a permissible Value, the circuit is interrupted and thus the Consumer switched off to protect against overtemperature.

Der bekannte Schalter mit seinem gekapselten Metallgehäuse ist sehr robust und unempfindlich gegen mechanische Einwirkungen, so daß er die an ihn gestellten Forderungen zufriedenstellend erfüllt.The well-known switch with its encapsulated metal housing is very robust and insensitive to mechanical influences, so that he can satisfy the demands made on him Fulfills.

Bei diesem Schalter ist jedoch von Nachteil, daß er sich bei Abkühlung des Verbrauchers automatisch wieder einschaltet, so daß es zu wiederholtem Ein- und Ausschalten des Verbrauchers kommt, wenn die Störung nach dem erstmaligen Abschalten nicht beseitigt wird. Ein derartiges taktendes Schaltverhalten ist jedoch häufig unerwünscht.However, this switch has the disadvantage that it is Cooling of the consumer automatically switches on again, see above that there is repeated switching on and off of the consumer comes when the malfunction does not occur after the first shutdown is eliminated. Such a clocking switching behavior is however often undesirable.

Um diesem Nachteil abzuhelfen, ist aus der EP 0 284 916 A2 ein weiterer Schalter bekannt, der ein von einem Deckelteil aus Kaltleitermaterial verschlossenes Unterteil umfaßt, in dem das Schaltwerk angeordnet ist. Das Bimetall-Schaltwerk umfaßt in bekannter Weise eine Bimetall-Schnappscheibe sowie eine Federscheibe, an der ein bewegliches Kontaktteil gehalten ist. Unterhalb der Ansprechtemperatur der Bimetall-Schnappscheibe wird das bewegliche Kontaktteil durch die Federscheibe gegen ein am Deckelteil vorgesehenes festes Kontaktteil gedrückt, das sich nach Art eines Nietes durch das Deckelteil hindurch erstreckt und außen in einen Kopf übergeht. Das Unterteil ist aus elektrisch leitendem Material gefertigt, so daß das Schaltwerk bei niedrigen Temperaturen eine leitende Verbindung zwischen dem Unterteil und dem Kopf des festen Kontaktteils herstellt. Das Deckelteil ist in leitender Verbindung sowohl mit dem festen Kontaktteil als auch mit dem Unterteil, so daß es elektrisch parallel zu dem Schaltwerk geschaltet ist.To remedy this disadvantage, EP 0 284 916 A2 Another switch known, the one from a cover part PTC thermistor material includes sealed lower part, in which the Rear derailleur is arranged. The bimetal rear derailleur includes in known a bimetallic snap disc and a spring washer, on which a movable contact part is held. Below the response temperature of the bimetallic snap disc the movable contact part is countered by the spring washer a fixed contact part provided on the cover part is pressed, which is like a rivet through the cover part extends and merges into a head outside. The bottom part is made of electrically conductive material, so that Switchgear a conductive connection at low temperatures between the lower part and the head of the fixed contact part manufactures. The cover part is in conductive connection both with the fixed contact part as well as with the lower part, so that it is electrically connected in parallel to the switching mechanism.

Wenn das Schaltwerk jetzt infolge einer zu hohen Temperatur öffnet, so fließt der Strom von dem festen Kontaktteil durch den das Deckelteil bildenden Kaltleiterwiderstand zu dem Unterteil, wodurch sich der Kaltleiterwiderstand erwärmt und das Schaltwerk geöffnet hält, auch wenn die das Schalten auslösende Übertemperatur nicht mehr vorhanden ist. Auf diese Weise wirkt der Kaltleiterwiderstand im Sinne einer Selbsthaltefunktion.If the rear derailleur is now due to excessive temperature opens, the current flows through the fixed contact part the PTC resistor forming the cover part to the Lower part, whereby the PTC resistor heats up and the rear derailleur keeps open, even if it does the switching triggering excess temperature is no longer present. To this The PTC resistor works in the sense of a self-holding function.

In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel aus dieser Druckschrift umfaßt das Deckelteil ein keramisches Trageteil, auf dem ein Kohlewiderstand angeordnet ist, der als Heizwiderstand für die Selbsthaltefunktion sorgt.In a further embodiment from this document the cover part comprises a ceramic support part on which a Coal resistor is arranged as the heating resistor for the Self-holding function ensures.

Wenn das Deckelteil aus Kaltleitermaterial gefertigt ist, weist es nicht die erforderliche Druckstabilität auf, die im rauhen Alltagseinsatz der bekannten Schalter häufig erforderlich ist. Derartige Schalter werden nämlich zur Temperaturüberwachung von Motoren, Heizwendel, etc. eingesetzt, wobei sie häufig starken mechanischen Belastungen infolge der mit dem Betrieb der zu schützenden Verbraucher verbundenen Vibrationen ausgesetzt sind. Dabei können auch starke Drücke auf den Deckel des Temperaturwächters ausgeübt werden.If the cover part is made of thermistor material, points it does not have the required pressure stability in the rough Everyday use of the known switch is often required. Such switches are namely for temperature monitoring used by motors, heating coils, etc., often strong mechanical loads due to the operation exposed to the vibrations associated with the consumer to be protected are. Strong pressures on the lid of the Temperature monitor are exercised.

Wenn der Parallelwiderstand ein Kohlewiderstand ist, kann der Deckel selbst zwar aus einem mechanisch stabileren Material gefertigt werden, es ist jedoch genauso wie bei dem Deckelteil aus Kaltleitermaterial eine Durchkontaktierung durch den Deckel nach außen erforderlich, die bei dem eingangs diskutierten Schalter nicht benötigt wird.If the parallel resistor is a carbon resistor, the The lid itself is made of a mechanically more stable material be made, but it is the same as for the cover part a through-connection made of PTC thermistor material through the cover to the outside world, which is discussed at the beginning Switch is not needed.

Der aus der EP 0 284 916 A2 bekannte Schalter weist also gegenüber dem eingangs erwähnten Schalter zwar den Vorteil auf, daß er mit einer Selbsthaltefunktion versehen ist, bringt dafür aber andere Nachteile mit sich, die in der aufwendigen Konstruktion und der geringeren mechanischen Festigkeit liegen.The switch known from EP 0 284 916 A2 therefore has compared to the switch mentioned at the outset, it has the advantage that it is provided with a self-holding function brings for it but other drawbacks that come with the elaborate Construction and the lower mechanical strength.

Aus der DE 43 36 564 A1 schließlich ist ein weiterer selbsthaltender Schalter mit einem parallel geschalteten PCT-Widerstand bekannt, wobei ein weiterer Heizwiderstand mit dem Schaltwerk in Reihe geschaltet ist, was für eine Überstromempfindlichkeit des bekannten Schalters sorgt.From DE 43 36 564 A1, finally, another self-retaining one Switch with a PCT resistor connected in parallel known, with another heating resistor with the switching mechanism is connected in series, what an overcurrent sensitivity the known switch ensures.

Dieser Schalter umfaßt eine mit leitenden und isolierenden Beschichtungen versehene Keramikträgerplatte, auf der ein gekapseltes Bimetall-Schaltwerk angeordnet ist, neben dem der Kaltleiterbaustein sitzt, der elektrisch parallel zu dem Schaltwerk geschaltet ist. Auf der Keramikträgerplatte ist weiter ein Dickschichtwiderstand angeordnet, der unter das Schaltwerk führt und mit diesem in Reihe geschaltet ist.This switch includes one with conductive and insulating Coated ceramic carrier plate, on the one encapsulated bimetal rear derailleur is arranged next to the PTC thermistor module that sits electrically parallel to the Rear derailleur is switched. On the ceramic carrier plate is further a thick film resistor arranged under the rear derailleur leads and is connected in series with this.

Der bekannte Schalter wird ebenfalls in Reihe mit einem zu schützenden Verbraucher geschaltet, so daß er von dem Betriebsstrom dieses Verbrauchers durchflossen wird. Gleichzeitig steht dieser Schalter in bekannter Weise in thermischer Verbindung mit dem zu überwachenden Verbraucher. Erhöht sich der Betriebsstrom des Verbrauchers infolge eines Defektes in unzulässiger Weise, so heizt der in Reihe geschaltete Dickschichtwiderstand das Schaltwerk so weit auf, daß dieses öffnet, so daß der parallel geschaltete Kaltleiterwiderstand den Strom übernimmt. The well-known switch is also in series with one protective consumer switched so that it from the operating current flows through this consumer. Stands at the same time this switch in a known manner in thermal connection with the consumer to be monitored. The operating current increases of the consumer due to a defect in prohibited The thick-film resistor connected in series heats up the rear derailleur so that it opens so that the PTC resistor connected in parallel takes over the current.

Wegen des hohen Widerstandes des Kaltleiterwiderstandes geht der Betriebsstrom des Verbrauchers jetzt auf ein unschädliches Maß zurück, das jedoch ausreicht, über die Ohm'sche Verlustleistung in dem Kaltleiterwiderstand eine Temperatur aufrecht zu erhalten, die das Schaltwerk geöffnet hält.Because of the high resistance of the PTC resistor the operating current of the consumer is now harmless Measure back, which is sufficient, however, via the ohmic power loss maintain a temperature in the PTC resistor to keep the derailleur open.

Selbstverständlich wird dieser Schalter auch bei zu hohen Temperaturen des zu schützenden Verbrauchers geöffnet, wobei der Kaltleiterwiderstand auch dann für eine Selbsthaltung des nun offenen Schaltwerks sorgt.Of course, this switch is also used if the switch is too high Temperatures of the consumer to be protected opened, whereby the PTC resistor also for a self-holding of the now open rear derailleur.

Bei diesem Schalter ist von Nachteil, daß er eine relativ sperrige und große Bauweise aufweist, die insbesondere auf die Keramik-Trägerplatte zurückzuführen ist.The disadvantage of this switch is that it is a relative one bulky and large design, in particular on the Ceramic backing plate is due.

Die ansteigenden Sicherheitsbedürfnisse sowie neue Sicherheitsvorschriften erfordern es, daß der eingangs genannte Schalter, der häufig auch als Temperaturwächter bezeichnet wird, mit einer Selbsthaltefunktion und/oder mit einer Überstromempfindlichkeit ausgestattet wird. Die oben beschriebenen bekannten Schalter, die derartige Funktionen aufweisen, sind jedoch vom mechanischen sowie konstruktiven Standpunkt her nicht zufriedenstellend, wobei insbesondere die hohen Fertigungskosten von Nachteil sind.The increasing security needs as well as new security regulations require that the switch mentioned at the beginning, who is often referred to as a temperature monitor, with a Self-holding function and / or with overcurrent sensitivity is equipped. The known switches described above, which have such functions, however, are mechanical and constructive point of view is unsatisfactory, the high manufacturing costs are particularly disadvantageous.

Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, den eingangs erwähnten Schalter derart weiterzubilden, daß er auf konstruktiv einfache Weise wahlweise mit einer Selbsthaltefunktion und/oder Überstromempfindlichkeit ausgestattet werden kann, wobei der neue Schalter weiter preiswert zu fertigen sein soll. Against this background, it is an object of the present invention to further develop the switch mentioned at the outset such that it in a structurally simple manner optionally with a self-holding function and / or overcurrent sensitivity can be, the new switch can be manufactured inexpensively should.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe bei dem eingangs diskutierten Schalter dadurch gelöst, daß unmittelbar innen an dem Gehäuse zumindest ein Widerstand angeordnet ist, der in einer Schaltstellung des Schaltwerks in Reihe mit diesem zwischen Deckelteil und Unterteil geschaltet ist.According to the invention, this task is discussed at the beginning Switch released in that directly on the inside of the housing at least one resistor is arranged in a Switch position of the rear derailleur in series with this between Cover part and lower part is switched.

Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe wird auf diese Weise vollkommen gelöst. Der Erfinder der vorliegenden Anmeldung hat nämlich erkannt, daß es überraschenderweise möglich ist, einen Widerstand unmittelbar innen auf das elektrisch leitende Deckelteil oder auf das elektrisch leitende Unterteil aufzubringen und dabei den erforderlichen Widerstandswert für die Selbsthaltefunktion und/oder die Überstromempfindlichkeit einzustellen.The object underlying the invention is achieved in this way completely solved. The inventor of the present application has namely recognized that it is surprisingly possible to have one Resistance immediately inside on the electrically conductive Apply lid part or on the electrically conductive lower part and the required resistance value for the Self-holding function and / or overcurrent sensitivity adjust.

Wenn dieser Widerstand so angeordnet ist, daß er mit dem Schaltwerk dann in Reihe geschaltet ist, wenn dieses sich unter der Ansprechtemperatur befindet, so sorgt der Widerstand für eine Stromempfindlichkeit des neuen Schalters. Der Widerstand sollte hier einen Wert zwischen ca. 50 mΩ und 30 Ω aufweisen. Dies läßt sich z.B. durch Wismutruthenat erreichen, das im Siebdruckverfahren auf das Deckelteil oder das Unterteil aufgebracht werden kann.If this resistor is arranged so that it with the Rear derailleur is then connected in series if this is under of the response temperature, the resistance ensures a current sensitivity of the new switch. The resistance should have a value between approx. 50 mΩ and 30 Ω. This can e.g. by bismuth ruthenate, which in the Screen printing process on the lid part or the bottom part can be applied.

Wenn der Widerstand jedoch dann mit dem Schaltwerk in Reihe geschaltet ist, wenn dieses sich oberhalb der Ansprechtemperatur befindet, also den Stromkreis geöffnet hat, so sorgt er für eine Selbsthaltefunktion. In diesem Fall sollte der Widerstandswert ca. 10 bis 100 kQ betragen, was z.B. durch Bariumtitanat erreicht wird, das mit leitfähigem Kleber aufgeklebt oder durch Kathodenzerstäuben "aufgesputtert" werden kann. However, if the resistor is in series with the rear derailleur is switched if this is above the response temperature is located, i.e. has opened the circuit, it ensures a self-holding function. In this case, the resistance value approx. 10 to 100 kQ, which e.g. by barium titanate is achieved, which is glued with conductive adhesive or by Cathode sputtering can be "sputtered on".

Die gesamten mechanischen Vorteile, die der gattungsbildende Schalter liefert, können somit beibehalten werden, während zur Erzielung der Selbsthaltefunktion und/oder der Überstromempfindlichkeit lediglich an geeigneter Stelle innen am Deckelteil oder Unterteil eine entsprechend dimensionierte Widerstandsschicht aufgebracht werden muß. Damit ist lediglich ein weiterer Fertigungsschritt erforderlich, um dem bekannten Schalter die gewünschte zusätzliche Sicherheitsfunktion zu verleihen. Verglichen mit den eingangs weiter diskutierten bekannten Schaltern vereinfacht sich damit die Konstruktion erheblich, wobei damit ferner sehr geringe zusätzliche Fertigungskosten verbunden sind. In der Serienfertigung, in der der gattungsbildende Schalter hergestellt wird, muß dann lediglich das Deckelteil und/oder das Unterteil ausgetauscht werden, um die zusätzlichen Sicherheitsfunktionen zu realisieren. Da nicht in allen Anwendungsfällen eine oder gar beide dieser Sicherheitsfunktionen erforderlich sind, kann bei der erwähnten Serienproduktion je nach Bedarf der gattungsbildende Schalter, ein Schalter mit Überstromempfindlichkeit oder ein Schalter mit Selbsthaltefunktion gefertigt werden, so daß eine Art Baukastenprinzip entsteht, wodurch sich insgesamt selbstverständlich die Fertigungskosten deutlich reduzieren.The overall mechanical advantages that the generic Switch supplies can thus be maintained while for Achievement of the self-holding function and / or the overcurrent sensitivity only at a suitable point on the inside of the cover part or lower part of an appropriately dimensioned resistance layer must be applied. This is just another one Manufacturing step required to the known switch to provide the desired additional safety function. Compared to the known ones discussed further at the beginning Switches thus simplifies the design considerably, thereby also very low additional manufacturing costs are connected. In series production, in which the generic Switch is manufactured, then only has to Lid part and / or the lower part can be replaced to the to implement additional safety functions. Not there one or both of these safety functions in all applications may be necessary in the series production mentioned Depending on the need, the generic switch Switch with overcurrent sensitivity or a switch with Self-holding function are manufactured, so that a kind of modular principle arises, which is a matter of course significantly reduce manufacturing costs.

In einem Ausführungsbeispiel ist es dann bevorzugt, wenn ein weiterer Widerstand unmittelbar innen am Gehäuse angeordnet ist, der in einer anderen Schaltstellung des Schaltwerks in Reihe mit diesem zwischen Deckelteil und Unterteil geschaltet ist.In one embodiment, it is preferred if a further resistance arranged directly on the inside of the housing is in a different switching position of the rear derailleur in Row with this switched between the cover part and lower part is.

Hier ist von Vorteil, daß jetzt in beiden Schaltstellungen des Schaltwerkes ein Widerstand in Reihe mit dem Schaltwerk zwischen Deckelteil und Unterteil geschaltet ist, so daß in der einen Schaltstellung für eine Selbsthaltefunktion und in der anderen Schaltstellung für eine Überstromempfindlichkeit des neuen Schalters gesorgt wird.The advantage here is that now in both switch positions Rear derailleur a resistor in series with the rear derailleur between Lid part and lower part is switched so that in one Switch position for a self-holding function and in the other Switch position for an overcurrent sensitivity of the new Switch is taken care of.

Insgesamt ist es dabei bevorzugt, wenn das Schaltwerk ein bewegliches Kontaktteil umfaßt, das von einer durch eine Bimetall-Schnappscheibe bewegbaren, elektrisch leitenden Federscheibe getragen wird und in einer ersten Schaltstellung des Schaltwerks innen an einem Kontaktbereich des Deckelteils anliegt, wobei die Federscheibe sich mit ihrem Rand auf einem Kontaktbereich des Unterteils abstützt.Overall, it is preferred if the rear derailleur is on Movable contact part comprises that of one by one Bimetallic snap disk movable, electrically conductive Spring washer is worn and in a first switching position of the rear derailleur on the inside of a contact area of the cover part abuts, the spring washer with its edge on a Support contact area of the lower part.

Hier ist von Vorteil, daß das an sich bekannte Schaltwerk auch bei dem neuen Schalter eingesetzt werden kann, so daß keine zusätzlichen konstruktiven Maßnahmen erforderlich sind, um den neuen Schalter zu fertigen. Auch dadurch senken sich die Kosten merklich.The advantage here is that the known rear derailleur also can be used with the new switch, so that none additional constructive measures are necessary to the to manufacture new switches. This also reduces costs noticeably.

Weiter ist es bevorzugt, wenn das Kontaktteil in einer zweiten Schaltstellung des Schaltwerks innen an einem weiteren Kontaktbereich des Unterteils anliegt und die Federscheibe mit ihrem Rand in Anlage mit einem weiteren Kontaktbereich an dem Deckelteil ist.It is further preferred if the contact part in a second Switch position of the rear derailleur on another contact area of the lower part rests and the spring washer with her Edge in contact with another contact area on the cover part is.

Hier ist von Vorteil, daß sozusagen ein Wechselschalter bereitgestellt wird, der jedoch das bekannte Schaltwerk nutzen kann. Bei dem gattungsbildenden Schalter ist es hierzu lediglich erforderlich, die Isolierfolie nur noch so anzubringen, daß das Deckelteil an seiner Innenseite nicht mehr gegenüber dem Inneren des Gehäuses, also gegenüber dem Rand der Bimetall-Schnappscheibe und/oder der Federscheibe, isoliert ist. Das bekannte Schaltwerk verbindet somit Deckelteil und Unterteil zum einen dadurch, daß das bewegliche Kontaktteil an dem Deckelteil und der Rand der Federscheibe an dem Unterteil anliegt, während in der anderen Schaltstellung das bewegliche Kontaktteil an dem Unterteil und der Rand der Federscheibe ggf. unter Zwischenlage des Randes der Bimetall-Schnappscheibe innen an dem Deckelteil anliegt. Auf diese Weise wird ein sehr einfacher Wechselschalter geschaffen, bei dem jetzt je nach Bedarf die einzelnen Widerstände entsprechend auf den Innenseiten von Deckelteil und Unterteil angeordnet werden können.The advantage here is that a changeover switch is provided, so to speak will, however, can use the well-known rear derailleur. With the generic switch, it is only for this required to attach the insulating film only so that the inside of the cover part is no longer opposite the Inside the housing, i.e. opposite the edge of the bimetallic snap disk and / or the spring washer, is isolated. The known switching mechanism thus connects the cover part and the lower part on the one hand in that the movable contact part on the Cover part and the edge of the spring washer on the lower part is present, while in the other switching position the movable Contact part on the lower part and the edge of the spring washer if necessary with the inner edge of the bimetallic snap disc abuts the cover part. That way, a very simple changeover switch created, which now depends on The individual resistors need accordingly on the inside can be arranged from the cover part and lower part.

Der Widerstand kann z.B. als Scheibe ausgebildet sein und dann in den Kontaktbereichen des beweglichen Kontaktteils am Deckelteil oder am Bodenteil angeordnet werden. Andererseits ist es möglich, den Widerstand als Ring auszubilden und ihn somit an den Kontaktbereichen für den Rand der Federscheibe an der Innenseite des Deckelteils oder des Bodenteils anzuordnen. Auch andere Geometrien sind im Hinblick auf die Einstellung des Widerstandswertes denkbar, wie z.B. Mäander- oder Spiralformen.The resistance can e.g. be designed as a disc and then in the contact areas of the movable contact part on the cover part or be arranged on the bottom part. On the other hand, it is possible to form the resistor as a ring and thus put it on the contact areas for the edge of the spring washer on the To be arranged on the inside of the cover part or of the base part. Also other geometries are in view of setting the Resistance value conceivable, e.g. Meandering or spiral shapes.

Je nach gewünschter Funktion dieser Widerstände müssen die Widerstandwerte wie oben beschrieben durch die geometrischen Abmessungen des Widerstandes sowie dem spezifischen Widerstand des Widerstandsmaterials nach der bekannten Beziehung eingestellt werden.Depending on the desired function of these resistors, the Resistance values as described above by the geometric Dimensions of the resistance as well as the specific resistance of the resistance material according to the known relationship become.

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung und der beigefügten Zeichnung.Further advantages result from the description and the attached drawing.

Es versteht sich, daß die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in den jeweils angegebenen Kombinationen, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen. It is understood that the above and those below Features still to be explained not only in the respective specified combinations, but also in other combinations or can be used alone, without the scope of to leave the present invention.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is in the drawing shown and explained in more detail in the following description.

Die einzige Figur zeigt eine Prinzipdarstellung des neuen Schalters in Längsschnitt.The only figure shows a schematic diagram of the new one Switch in longitudinal section.

In der einzigen Figur ist mit 10 ein Schalter bezeichnet, der ein Gehäuse 12 umfaßt, in dem ein temperaturabhängiges Schaltwerk 13 angeordnet ist. Das Gehäuse 12 umfaßt ein aus elektrisch leitendem Material gefertigtes Unterteil 14 sowie ein ebenfalls elektrisch leitendes Deckelteil 15, das durch einen Isolierring 16 gegenüber dem Unterteil 14 elektrisch isoliert ist. Der mechanische Zusammenhalt zwischen Unterteil 14, Deckelteil 15 und Isolierring 16 kann z.B. durch einen aus Übersichtlichkeitsgründen nicht dargestellten Bördelrand, durch Verkleben, durch Verklemmen oder andere geeignete Maßnahmen hergestellt werden. Für die hier vorliegende Erfindung spielt diese mechanische Befestigung jedoch keine wichtige Rolle. Wegen weiterer diesbezüglicher Informationen wird auf die eingangs erwähnten Druckschriften verwiesen.In the single figure, 10 denotes a switch that comprises a housing 12 in which a temperature-dependent switching mechanism 13 is arranged. The housing 12 comprises an electrical conductive material manufactured lower part 14 and a likewise electrically conductive cover part 15 through an insulating ring 16 is electrically insulated from the lower part 14. The mechanical cohesion between lower part 14, cover part 15 and insulating ring 16 can e.g. by one for reasons of clarity not shown flanged edge, by gluing, by Jamming or other suitable measures. For the present invention, this plays mechanical Fastening does not play an important role. Because of more related Information is given on the above References printed.

Der Schalter 10 wird über seine Unterseite 17 sowie eine Rastvertiefung 18 an dem Deckelteil 15 mit einem Stromkreis verbunden, in dem er in Reihe mit einem zu schützenden Verbraucher geschaltet ist.The switch 10 is on its underside 17 and one Locking recess 18 on the cover part 15 with a circuit connected in series with a consumer to be protected is switched.

Das Bimetall-Schaltwerk 13 umfaßt eine Federscheibe 21, die ein bewegliches Kontaktteil 22 trägt. Über das bewegliche Kontaktteil 22 ist eine Bimetall-Schnappscheibe 23 gestülpt. In der in Figur 1 gezeigten Schaltstellung befindet sich die Bimetall-Schnappscheibe unterhalb ihrer Ansprechtemperatur. The bimetal rear derailleur 13 includes a spring washer 21, the carries a movable contact part 22. About the mobile Contact part 22 is a bimetallic snap disk 23. In the switch position shown in Figure 1 is the Bimetal snap disc below its response temperature.

In dieser Schaltstellung stützt sich die Federscheibe 21 mit ihrem Rand 24 an einem Kontaktbereich 25 innen am Unterteil 14 ab und drückt das bewegliche Kontaktteil 22 gegen einen Kontaktbereich 26, der innen an einem Vorsprung 27 des Deckelteils 15 vorgesehen ist. Dieser Vorsprung 27 entspricht der Rastvertiefung 18 auf der Außenseite des Deckelteils 15.In this switching position, the spring washer 21 is supported its edge 24 on a contact area 25 on the inside of the lower part 14 and presses the movable contact part 22 against one Contact area 26, the inside of a projection 27 of the Cover part 15 is provided. This projection corresponds to 27 the locking recess 18 on the outside of the cover part 15.

In dem gezeigten Schaltzustand fließt ein Strom von dem Deckelteil 15 über das bewegliche Kontaktteil 22 und die Federscheibe 21 zu dem Unterteil 14.In the switching state shown, a current flows from the cover part 15 via the movable contact part 22 and the spring washer 21 to the lower part 14.

Erhöht sich jetzt die Temperatur des Schalters und damit der Bimetall-Schnappscheibe 23 über deren Ansprechtemperatur hinaus, so geht die Bimetall-Schnappscheibe 23 von der gezeigten konvexen in eine konkave Form über, stützt sich innen an einem weiteren Kontaktbereich 28 des Deckelteils 15 ab und drückt dann das bewegliche Kontaktteil 22 gegen die Kraft der Federscheibe 21 von dem Kontaktbereich 15 weg.Now the temperature of the switch and thus the Bimetal snap disk 23 above its response temperature, so the bimetallic snap disk 23 goes from the convex shown in a concave shape, is supported on the inside by another Contact area 28 of the lid part 15 and then presses it movable contact part 22 against the force of the spring washer 21st away from the contact area 15.

Das Schaltwerk 13 gelangt dann schließlich in seinen zweiten Schaltzustand, in dem sich das bewegliche Kontaktteil 22 unten am Unterteil 14 an einem weiteren Kontaktbereich 29 abstützt, während der Rand 24 der Federscheibe 21 jetzt ggf. unter Zwischenlage der Bimetall-Schnappscheibe 23 an dem Kontaktbereich 28 anliegt. Auf diese Weise ist jetzt wieder eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung zwischen dem Deckelteil 15 sowie dem Unterteil 14 hergestellt. Der Schalter 10 arbeitet also als Wechselschalter.The switching mechanism 13 then finally reaches its second Switching state in which the movable contact part 22 below supported on the lower part 14 at a further contact area 29, while the edge 24 of the spring washer 21 may now under Intermediate layer of the bimetallic snap disk 23 at the contact area 28 is present. This way, one is now electrical again conductive connection between the cover part 15 and the Lower part 14 made. The switch 10 thus works as Changeover switch.

Um dem Schalter 10 jetzt eine Überstromempfindlichkeit und/oder Selbsthaltefunktion zu verleihen, können wahlweise an den Kontaktbereichen 25, 26, 28, 29 Widerstände angebracht werden. In Figur 1 sind ein Widerstandsring 31 an dem Kontaktbereich 25, eine Widerstandsscheibe 32 an dem Kontaktbereich 26, ein weiterer Widerstandsring 33 an dem Kontaktbereich 28 sowie eine weitere Widerstandsscheibe 34 an dem Kontaktbereich 29 angeordnet. Auf diese Weise sind in der in Figur 1 gezeigten Ruhestellung des Schaltwerks 13 die Widerstandsscheibe 32 sowie der Widerstandsring 31 in Reihe mit dem Schaltwerk 13 zwischen Deckelteil 15 und Unterteil 14 geschaltet, bewirken also eine Überstromempfindlichkeit des neuen Schalters.Around the switch 10 now an overcurrent sensitivity and / or Lending self-holding function can optionally to the Contact areas 25, 26, 28, 29 resistors are attached. In Figure 1 there is a resistance ring 31 at the contact area 25, a resistance disk 32 on the contact area 26 another resistance ring 33 on the contact area 28 and one further resistance disk 34 arranged on the contact area 29. In this way, are shown in Figure 1 Idle position of the switching mechanism 13, the resistance disk 32 and the resistance ring 31 in series with the rear derailleur 13 between Cover part 15 and lower part 14 switched, so cause Overcurrent sensitivity of the new switch.

In der nicht gezeigten anderen Schaltstellung des Schaltwerks 13 liegen jetzt die Widerstandsscheibe 34 sowie der Widerstands-ring 33 in Reihe mit dem Schaltwerk 13 zwischen Deckelteil 15 und Unterteil 14, sorgen also für eine Selbsthaltefunktion.In the other switching position of the rear derailleur, not shown 13 are now the resistance disc 34 and the resistance ring 33 in series with the switching mechanism 13 between the cover part 15 and lower part 14, thus ensure a self-holding function.

Selbstverständlich ist es nicht erforderlich, sämtliche vier Widerstände 31, 32, 33, 34 bei dem neuen Schalter auszubilden. Es kann z.B. ausreichen, nur die Widerstände 32 und 33 an dem Deckelteil 15 oder nur die Widerstände 31 und 34 an dem Unterteil 14 vorzusehen.Of course, it is not necessary to do all four Form resistors 31, 32, 33, 34 in the new switch. For example, are sufficient, only the resistors 32 and 33 on the Cover part 15 or only the resistors 31 and 34 on the lower part 14 to provide.

Auf diese Weise ist eine Art Baukastenprinzip möglich, bei dem je nach gewünschter Sicherheitsfunktion z.B. das Unterteil 14 unverändert bleibt, während das Deckelteil 15 mit einem oder beiden der Widerstände 32 und 33 ausgestattet ist. Andererseits ist es natürlich auch möglich, das Deckelteil 15 ohne Widerstand auszubilden und je nach gewünschter Sicherheitsfunktion das Unterteil 14 mit einem oder beiden der Widerstände 31 und 34 zu versehen.In this way, a kind of modular principle is possible in which depending on the desired safety function e.g. the lower part 14 remains unchanged, while the cover part 15 with one or both of the resistors 32 and 33 is equipped. On the other hand it is of course also possible to cover part 15 without resistance train and depending on the desired security function Base 14 with one or both of resistors 31 and 34 to provide.

Selbstverständlich muß bei der Wahl der Werte der Widerstände 31, 32, 33, 34 die durch diese bereitzustellende Sicherheitsfunktion berücksichtigt werden. Of course, when choosing the values of the resistors 31, 32, 33, 34 the security function to be provided by this be taken into account.

Die für Überstromempfindlichkeit "zuständige" Widerstands-Scheibe 32 am Deckelteil 15 wird z.B. aus Wismutruthenat gefertigt, weist einen Durchmesser von 1,5 mm sowie eine Schichtdicke von 0,05 mm auf, wodurch ein Widerstandswert von ca. 4 Ω erreicht wird, der für Überstromempfindlichkeit geeignet ist. Andererseits kann der Widerstands-Ring 31, der ebenfalls aus Wismutruthenat gefertigt wird, einen Außendurchmesser von 9 sowie einen Innendurchmesser von 8 mm aufweisen, so daß er bei einer Dicke von 0,05 mm einen Gesamtwiderstand von 0,5 Ω zeigt, der ebenfalls eine Überstromempfindlichkeit bereitstellt.The resistance disc "responsible for overcurrent sensitivity" 32 on the cover part 15 is e.g. made from bismuth ruthenate, has a diameter of 1.5 mm and a layer thickness of 0.05 mm, resulting in a resistance value of approx. 4 Ω which is suitable for overcurrent sensitivity. On the other hand can the resistance ring 31, which is also made of bismuth ruthenate is manufactured, an outer diameter of 9 and one Have an inner diameter of 8 mm, so that it has a thickness of 0.05 mm shows a total resistance of 0.5 Ω, which also provides overcurrent sensitivity.

Die für Selbsthaltung zuständige Widerstands-Scheibe 29 wird z.B. aus Bariumtitanat gefertigt und ist eine runde Scheibe mit einer Dicke von 1 mm, die mit leitfähigem Kleber aufgeklebt wird. Alternativ kann z.B. auch Leitplastik verwendet werden.The resistance disc 29 responsible for self-retention is e.g. made from barium titanate and is a round disc with a thickness of 1 mm, glued on with conductive glue becomes. Alternatively, e.g. conductive plastic can also be used.

Der Widerstandswert der Widerstands-Scheibe 29 wird entsprechend der bekannten geometrischen Beziehungen so eingestellt, daß er im warmen Zustand 10 bis 100 kQ beträgt. Ein entsprechender Widerstandswert läßt sich auch durch geeignete Dimensionierung des Widerstands-Ringes 28 erreichen. Es ist auch möglich, daß Bariumtitanat oder einen vergleichbaren PTC-Halbleiter durch Kathodenzerstäuben aufzusputtern.The resistance value of the resistance disc 29 becomes corresponding the known geometric relationships so adjusted that it is 10 to 100 kQ when warm. A corresponding one Resistance value can also be determined by suitable dimensioning reach the resistance ring 28. It is also possible that Barium titanate or a comparable PTC semiconductor Sputtering on the cathode.

Es sei noch bemerkt, daß statt Wismutruthenat als Widerstandsmaterial z.B. auch Ru-Oxid oder Ag-Pd-Ag-Oxid verwendet werden kann.It should be noted that instead of bismuth ruthenate as a resistance material e.g. Ru oxide or Ag-Pd-Ag oxide can also be used can.

Claims (10)

  1. A switch for opening and/or closing an electrical circuit, having a temperature-dependent switching mechanism (13) and a housing (12) which receives the switching mechanism and has an electrically conductive lower part (14) and an electrically conductive cover part (15) that closes off and is electrically insulated from the lower part (14), wherein the switching mechanism (13), as a function of its temperature, electrically connects the cover part (15) and the lower part (14), and wherein the electrical circuit can be connected on the one hand to the cover part (15) and on the other hand to the lower part (14),
    characterized in that at least one resistor (31, 32, 33, 34) is arranged directly on the inside of the housing (12), said resistor (31, 32, 33, 34) being switched in series with the switching mechanism (13) between the cover part (15) and lower part (14) when the switching mechanism (13) is in one switch position.
  2. The switch of claim 1, characterized in that a further resistor (31, 32, 33, 34) is arranged directly on the inside of the housing (12), said further resistor being switched in series with the switching mechanism between the cover part (15) and lower part (14) when the switching mechanism (13) is in another switch position.
  3. The switch of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the switching mechanism (13) comprises a movable contact element (22), which is carried by an electrically conductive spring disk (21) that can be moved by a bimetallic snap disk (23), and which, when the switching mechanism (13) is in a first switch position, is in contact with a contact region (26) on the inside of the cover part (15), the spring disk (21) being braced at its rim (24) against a contact region (25) of the lower part (14).
  4. The switch of claim 3, characterized in that the resistor (32, 31) is arranged on the contact region (26, 25) on the cover part (15) or on the lower part (14).
  5. The switch of claim 3, characterized in that, when the switching mechanism (13) is in a second switch position, the movable contact element (22) is in contact with a further contact region (29) of the lower part (14), and the spring disk (21) is in contact at its rim (24) with a further contact region (28) on the cover part (15).
  6. The switch of claim 5, characterized in that the resistor (33, 34) is arranged on the further contact region (28, 29) on the cover part (15) or on the lower part (14).
  7. The switch of claims 2, 3 and 5, characterized in that both resistors (32, 33; 31, 34) are arranged on the cover part (15) or on the lower part (14).
  8. The switch of claims 3 and 5, characterized in that the resistor (32, 34) is configured as a disk and is adhesively bonded onto the contact region (26) on the cover part (15) and/or the further contact region (29) on the lower part (14).
  9. The switch of claims 3 and 5, characterized in that the resistor (31, 33) is configured as a ring and is applied, preferably using a screen printing process, onto the contact region (25) on the lower part (14) and/or the further contact region (28) on the cover part (15).
  10. The switch of any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the resistor (31, 32, 33, 34) is applied by cathodic sputtering.
EP96116940A 1996-02-10 1996-10-22 Switch with a temperature-dependent switching device Expired - Lifetime EP0789376B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19604939A DE19604939C2 (en) 1996-02-10 1996-02-10 Switch with a temperature-dependent switching mechanism
DE19604939 1996-02-10

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0789376A2 EP0789376A2 (en) 1997-08-13
EP0789376A3 EP0789376A3 (en) 1998-05-27
EP0789376B1 true EP0789376B1 (en) 2001-07-04

Family

ID=7785079

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96116940A Expired - Lifetime EP0789376B1 (en) 1996-02-10 1996-10-22 Switch with a temperature-dependent switching device

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5892429A (en)
EP (1) EP0789376B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE202874T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19604939C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2159340T3 (en)
PT (1) PT789376E (en)

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DE19527253B4 (en) * 1995-07-26 2006-01-05 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Built according to the modular principle temperature monitor
DE19527254C2 (en) * 1995-07-26 2000-01-20 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Temperature monitor
DE19748589C2 (en) * 1997-11-04 1999-12-09 Marcel Hofsaes Switch with a temperature-dependent switching mechanism
DE19827113C2 (en) * 1998-06-18 2001-11-29 Marcel Hofsaes Temperature-dependent switch with current transfer element
DE19847209C2 (en) * 1998-10-13 2002-04-25 Marcel Hofsaes Switch with an insulating carrier
DE19847208C2 (en) 1998-10-13 2002-05-16 Marcel Hofsaes Switch with an insulating carrier
DE19919648C2 (en) * 1999-04-30 2003-03-13 Marcel Hofsaess Device with temperature-dependent switching mechanism provided in a pocket
US6229121B1 (en) * 1999-07-23 2001-05-08 Industrial Technology Research Institute Integrated thermal buckling micro switch with electric heater and sensor
US6707372B2 (en) * 2000-10-04 2004-03-16 Honeywell International, Inc. Thermal switch containing preflight test feature and fault location detection
DE10110562C1 (en) * 2001-03-06 2002-12-19 Marcel Hofsaes Temperature-dependent switch with stamped adhesive layer
US20050122201A1 (en) * 2003-08-22 2005-06-09 Honeywell International, Inc. Thermal switch containing preflight test feature and fault location detection
JP2006092825A (en) * 2004-09-22 2006-04-06 Fuji Denshi Kogyo Kk Temperature switch and assembling method of same
US7446643B2 (en) * 2004-11-23 2008-11-04 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Resetable over-current and/or over-temperature protection system
DE102009030353B3 (en) * 2009-06-22 2010-12-02 Hofsaess, Marcel P. Cap for a temperature-dependent switch and method for producing a temperature-dependent switch
DE102009039948A1 (en) * 2009-08-27 2011-03-03 Hofsaess, Marcel P. Temperature-dependent switch
DE102012103306B3 (en) * 2012-04-17 2013-04-25 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Temperature-dependent switch with contact part as heating resistor
JP6157856B2 (en) * 2013-01-10 2017-07-05 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 Heat sensing device
EP2943858A1 (en) * 2013-01-14 2015-11-18 Scuola Superiore di Studi Universitari e di Perfezionamento Sant'Anna Method and related apparatus for monitoring biomechanical performances of human limbs
DE102013101393B4 (en) * 2013-02-13 2014-10-09 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Temperature-dependent switch
DE102013108508A1 (en) * 2013-08-07 2015-02-12 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Temperature-dependent switch
DE102013017232A1 (en) * 2013-10-17 2015-04-23 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Temperature-dependent derailleur
DE102014108518A1 (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-17 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Temperature-dependent switch with spacer ring
DE102022134379B3 (en) 2022-12-21 2024-02-08 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperature dependent switch

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5892429A (en) 1999-04-06
DE59607216D1 (en) 2001-08-09
EP0789376A3 (en) 1998-05-27
EP0789376A2 (en) 1997-08-13
ATE202874T1 (en) 2001-07-15
DE19604939A1 (en) 1997-08-14
PT789376E (en) 2001-10-30
DE19604939C2 (en) 1999-12-09
ES2159340T3 (en) 2001-10-01

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