EP0786068A1 - Arme a feu automatique multitubes de petit ou moyen calibre du type gatling, notamment destinee au tir de munitions telescopees - Google Patents
Arme a feu automatique multitubes de petit ou moyen calibre du type gatling, notamment destinee au tir de munitions telescopeesInfo
- Publication number
- EP0786068A1 EP0786068A1 EP95920968A EP95920968A EP0786068A1 EP 0786068 A1 EP0786068 A1 EP 0786068A1 EP 95920968 A EP95920968 A EP 95920968A EP 95920968 A EP95920968 A EP 95920968A EP 0786068 A1 EP0786068 A1 EP 0786068A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weapon
- loading
- chambers
- block
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41F—APPARATUS FOR LAUNCHING PROJECTILES OR MISSILES FROM BARRELS, e.g. CANNONS; LAUNCHERS FOR ROCKETS OR TORPEDOES; HARPOON GUNS
- F41F1/00—Launching apparatus for projecting projectiles or missiles from barrels, e.g. cannons; Harpoon guns
- F41F1/08—Multibarrel guns, e.g. twin guns
- F41F1/10—Revolving-cannon guns, i.e. multibarrel guns with the barrels and their respective breeches mounted on a rotor; Breech mechanisms therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
- F41A9/35—Feeding multibarrel guns
- F41A9/36—Feed mechanisms for revolving-cannon guns
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
- F41A9/38—Loading arrangements, i.e. for bringing the ammunition into the firing position
- F41A9/45—Loading arrangements, i.e. for bringing the ammunition into the firing position the cartridge chamber or the barrel as a whole being tiltable or transversely slidable between a loading and a firing position
Definitions
- the invention relates to a small or medium caliber multitube automatic firearm of the type
- GATLING especially intended for firing telescoped munitions, comprising at least one ammunition supply system and a multi-chamber loading and firing system, weapon in which the loading and firing system is housed inside a body or body of the weapon and comprises a loading block which is mounted mobile in rotation around a fixed central shaft and which is integral in rotation with the tubes of the weapon, and in which each chamber, during a complete rotation of the loading block, passes from a loading position where the chamber is open and laterally offset with respect to the barrel of the weapon so as to be able to load ammunition therein, at a firing position where the chamber is closed and axially aligned with one of the barrels of the weapon in order to be able to fire the ammunition, said chamber being guided during its movement by guide means.
- the field of the invention is generally that of automatic firearms of small or medium caliber with a high rate of fire, of the order of 1000 rounds per minute and per tube, which are in particular used for close missile defense.
- the loading and firing system in a multi-tube automatic weapon using conventional ammunition comprises a movable breech which closes the rear end of a loading chamber at the time of firing. After firing, the breech is opened to extract, from the rear of the chamber, the cartridge case of the fired ammunition. Since a telescoped munition is in the form of an elongated body with a generally cylindrical constant external profile, this form cylindrical is advantageously used in particular in firearms with a single tube and pivoting chamber, for automatically ejecting, from the front of the chamber, the casing of a previously fired ammunition which is pushed as and when loading of new ammunition in the room.
- the loading and firing system notably comprises several chambers connected to each other so as to form a closed articulated chain.
- This chain is wound, towards one end, on a rotary star block which also supports the tubes of the weapon, while the chain, towards its other end, is guided by a cam track.
- a chamber which approaches this rotary block contains a munition to be fired
- a chamber which moves away from the block contains the socket of the ammunition previously fired
- a chamber which traverses the cam path located beyond the rotary block receives new ammunition which, during its loading, pushes and ejects the aforementioned sleeve.
- the object of the invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and to this end it proposes a small or medium multi-barrel automatic firearm caliber of the aforementioned type, and which is characterized in that each chamber of the weapon is pivotally mounted around a tie rod secured to the loading block of the loading and firing system, and is functionally linked to a tube of the weapon , and in that the guide means of the chambers consist of a fixed internal cam supported by said central shaft and of a fixed external cam provided on the internal surface of the body of the weapon and which surrounds the internal cam being separated from the latter by a constant distance corresponding substantially to the external diameter of the chambers.
- each chamber consists of a cylindrical body whose periphery supports two axially aligned bosses each pierced with an opening for the free passage of the tie rod associated with this chamber.
- the fixed internal cam is for example constituted by two discs supported by the fixed central shaft and separated from each other by a distance less than the length of the chambers, each disc defining at its periphery a cam path around the fixed central shaft for rotating support of the loading block of the loading and firing system.
- the external cam is for example constituted by two ribs formed on the internal wall of the body of the weapon and separated from each other by a distance less than the length of the chambers , each rib defining by its free end edge a cam path which surrounds one of the discs of the above-mentioned fixed internal cam.
- the two internal and external fixed cams delimit four zones into which each chamber passes successively during a complete rotation of the loading block of the loading and firing system around the aforementioned central axis:
- each chamber is functionally linked to one of the gun's tubes and to a tie rod, the guide means making each chamber pivot around its associated tie rod according to a cycle defined by the guide means.
- the loading block of the loading and firing system is housed inside the body of the weapon, mounted behind the loading chambers relative to the firing direction of the weapon and comprises at its periphery troughs extending parallel to the fixed central shaft, regularly distributed around said block for receiving ammunition and cooperating with a fixed helical ramp provided on the internal wall of the body of the weapon to move in translation the ammunition in the direction of the chambers during the rotation of the loading block.
- one of the chutes of the loading block is axially aligned with one of the chambers when the latter moves in the area of the above loading delimited by the internal and external fixed cams.
- the ammunition supply system comprises a lateral entry opening provided in the body of the weapon and located at the level of the loading block, this entry opening extending parallel to the aforementioned fixed central shaft and over a length at least equal to that of a munition, this opening allowing the passage of the ammunition, one by one, between a feed store and the chutes for receiving the loading block.
- the length of the entry opening located at the level of the loading block extends over a length greater than that of a munition.
- the weapon also comprises a system for ejecting the casings of the ammunition fired, this system being housed in the body of the weapon, located in front of the chambers by considering the firing direction of weapon and comprising a block rotatably mounted around the aforementioned fixed central axis.
- the ejection block comprises at its periphery means for supporting the sockets, one of these supports being axially aligned with that of the chambers located in the aforementioned loading area delimited by the fixed cams internal and external.
- the ejection block consists of two star wheels secured to the above-mentioned fixed central shaft, provided with notches and separated from each other by a distance less than the length of a socket, two axially aligned notches of the two star wheels forming a support for receiving a socket pushed by a new munition introduced into the chamber which is located in the loading area delimited by the internal and external fixed cams.
- the ejection system also comprises a lateral outlet opening provided in the body of the weapon and located at the level of the ejection block, this outlet opening extending parallel to the aforementioned fixed central axis and over a length at least equal to that of a socket, and a fixed lever for ejecting a socket outside when it passes in front of said outlet opening.
- the tie rods which support the chambers ensure the cohesion of the rotating assembly of the weapon, this assembly notably comprising the loading block, the chambers, the tubes and the ejection system. These tie rods extend parallel to the fixed central shaft of the weapon, and the number of chambers may possibly be less than the number of tie rods.
- the chamber proper which receives a telescoped munition can have a circular cross section or a polygonal cross section, for example square, for firing telescoped munitions having a corresponding shape.
- each loading chamber is associated with a gun barrel and with a tie rod, which makes it possible to design a compact loading block whose mass, volume and moment of inertia around the axis of rotation of the weapon are reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal section view of a weapon according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view along line II-II of Figure 1
- - Figure 3 is a schematic view in principle to explain the path of an ammunition between its introduction and the ejection of its casing
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view along the line IV-IV in FIG. 1
- FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of the detail indicated by the arrow V in FIG. 4,
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a loading chamber for the weapon
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view along line VII-VII of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 8 is a sectional view along line VIII-VIII of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 1 is a multi-tube automatic firearm of small or medium caliber of the GATLING type and with a high rate of fire, which is in particular designed for firing telescoped munitions.
- FIG. 1 is a multi-tube automatic firearm of small or medium caliber of the GATLING type and with a high rate of fire, which is in particular designed for firing telescoped munitions.
- this weapon 1 comprises a system SA for supplying ammunition, a system SC for loading and firing, and a system SE for ejecting the casings of the munitions fired.
- the weapon 1 comprises a hollow fixed body 3, of elongated shape and one end or rear end of which is closed by a bottom 5. Three housings 7, 8 and 9 successive are delimited inside the body 3 of the weapon between its bottom 5 and its other end.
- the SC loading and firing system comprises a loading block 10 which is rotatably mounted in the housing 7 of the body 3 of the weapon around a fixed central shaft 12 by means of bearings 14.
- the loading block 10 is of generally cylindrical shape and comprises, at its periphery, indentations forming troughs 16 for receiving ammunition M.
- the troughs 16 each extend over the entire length of the loading block 10 and are regularly distributed around this block 10.
- the munitions M received in the chutes 16 cooperate with a fixed helical ramp 18 formed on the internal wall of the housing 7 of the body 3 of the weapon, so as to be able to also move the ammunition in translation in the troughs 16 during the rotation of the loading block 10.
- each chamber 20 (FIG. 6) consists of an elongated cylindrical body 22 pierced with a central channel 24 which forms the chamber proper intended to receive ammunition M.
- the body 22 of each chamber 20 has at its periphery two bosses 26 projecting, axially aligned and each pierced with an opening 28 for the free passage of a tie rod 30 around which the associated chamber 20 is pivotally mounted.
- the chambers 20 can advantageously be made of a composite material (filament wound).
- the four chambers 20 and the four associated tie rods 30 are mounted in the housing 8 of the body 3 of the weapon, being regularly arranged around the fixed central shaft 12 and parallel to the latter.
- the tie rods 30 are integral in rotation with the block of load 10 mounted in the housing 7 of the body 3 of the weapon.
- the chambers 20, during the rotation of the loading block 10, are guided between two fixed cams respectively internal 32 and external 34 separated from each other by a constant distance corresponding to the external diameter of the chambers 20.
- the fixed internal cam 32 is for example made up of two discs 32a secured to the fixed central shaft 12 and separated from each other by a distance less than the length of the chambers 20.
- the external fixed cam 34 is for example made up of two ribs 34a projecting from the internal wall of the housing 8 and separated from each other by a distance less than the length of the chambers 20. Each rib 34a surrounds a disc 32a and is located substantially opposite the latter.
- cams 32 and 34 delimit between them two internal and external cam paths which guide the chambers 20 during the rotation of the loading block 10 and define four successive zones extending over 360 * :
- a loading zone ZC where a first chamber 20 is open and offset laterally relative to the associated tube T of the weapon in order to be able to load a munition there,
- a ZF closing zone where a second chamber 20 containing an ammunition passes from its open position to its closed position by approaching the associated tube T
- a ZT firing zone where a third chamber 20 is closed and axially aligned with the tube T weapon partner
- a spring 35 with two blades 36 and 37 is mounted on each tie rod 30 between the two bosses 26 of the associated chamber 20. Towards one end, the blade 36 of the spring 35 bears on the fixed central shaft 12, while towards its other end, the blade 37 of the spring 35 bears on the body 22 of the chamber 20. The function of these springs 35 will be explained later.
- the system SA for supplying ammunition is schematically represented in FIGS. 1 and 4.
- This system SA for supply comprises a lateral opening 38 provided in the body 3 of the weapon at the level of the loading block 10.
- This entry opening 38 extends parallel to the chutes 16 of the loading block 10 and over a length greater than that of a munition to take account of the recoil movement of the weapon following the firing of an ammunition.
- the SA supply system comprises an external magazine (not shown) and means for continuously discharging the ammunition through the inlet opening 38 which are then received by the chutes 16 of the loading block 10 during the rotation of this last.
- the system SE for ejecting the casings of the ammunition fired from the loading chambers 20, comprises an ejection block 40 located in the housing 9 of the body 3 of the weapon and rotatably mounted around the fixed central shaft 12.
- This ejection block 40 is rotatably supported by the tie rods 30 which pass right through the block 40, as well as the four tubes T of the weapon.
- the block 40 has at its periphery troughs 42 for receiving the sockets. These chutes 42 extend parallel to the fixed central shaft 12 and are regularly distributed around the ejection block 40.
- the SE ejection system is completed by a lateral outlet opening 44 located at the level of the ejection block 40 This outlet opening 44 extends parallel to the chutes 42 and over a length at least equal to that of a socket.
- a fixed ejector device 45 situated at the level of this outlet opening 44 ejects the sockets from the troughs 42 as they pass in front of this opening 44.
- FIG. 1 A variant embodiment of the SE ejection system for the sockets is schematically illustrated in FIG. 1.
- the ejection block is constituted by two star wheels 46 integral in rotation with the tie rods 30.
- the two star wheels 46 are separated from each other by a distance less than the length of a socket.
- percussion devices 50 are housed inside the loading block 10 and are respectively associated with the four chambers 20.
- a control device 52 (FIG. 1) releases the percussion device 50 associated with this chamber 20 so that it comes into impact with the primer of the munition.
- This control device 52 located on the bottom wall 5 of the body 3 of the weapon, for example comprises an articulated lever which maintains the percussion device 50 in an armed state until the chamber 20 has not entered the ZT shooting area.
- This lever supports a roller which rolls on a cam, the path of which includes a recess which, when the roller passes, allows the lever to be released and thus releases the percussion device 50.
- This percussion of the mechanical type could be replaced by an electrical initiation or by induction depending on the type of ammunition used.
- the housing 9 in which the SE ejection system of the sockets is mounted is closed by a part 55 which also supports the tie rods 30 as well as the tubes T which extend beyond this part 55 integral in rotation with the loading block 10 (figure 1) .
- an external motor member M such as a gear motor, has an output shaft which supports a drive pinion 56 which engages a toothing 58 provided at the periphery of the support piece 55 to rotate the rotating assembly of the weapon comprising the loading block 10, the tie rods 30 and the associated chambers 20, the tubes T and the ejection block 40.
- the tie rods 30 provide the cohesion of this rotating assembly which rotates around the fixed central shaft 12.
- a stopper 60 of arcuate shape, is pivotally mounted around a pin 62 supported by the body 3 of the weapon. This stop 60 is located in front of the chambers 20 and in the loading area ZC. The stop 60 partially obstructs the front end of the chamber 20 located in the loading zone ZC to stop the first ammunition during loading, this stop 60 is then raised and kept raised by the sockets of the fired ammunition.
- FIG. 9 and 10 illustrate an alternative embodiment in the case of telescoped ammunition having a square shape for example.
- the supply system SA (FIG. 10) is completed by levers 70 intended to facilitate the reception of the ammunition in the troughs 16 of the loading block 10, these troughs then having a square section.
- Each lever 70, at the rate of one lever per chute 16, is pivotally mounted at one end around a tie rod 30, while its other end ends in a positioning hook 72.
- the four levers 70 are regularly distributed around the loading block 10 and pivots under the control of a boss 74a of a central cam 74 associated with four rods 76.
- the central cam 74 is fixed and supported by the central shaft fixed 12 of the weapon, and the four rods 76 are slidably mounted inside * radial passages formed in the loading block 10.
- Each rod 76 thus bears on the central cam 74 and on the associated lever 70, so as to pivot the latter radially outward when the rod 76 bears on the boss 74a of the central cam 74, that is to say when the hook 72 of the lever 70 is opposite the opening inlet 38 to rest on the new munition M which enters through the opening 38 and correctly orient this ammunition M when it is received in the chute 16 associated with the lever 70.
- the loading block 10 is rotated around the fixed central shaft 12,
- the tie rods 30, integral in rotation with the loading block 10 are rotated around the fixed central shaft 12, so that the chambers 20 supported by the tie rods 30 move between the internal fixed 32 and external fixed cams 34, the tubes T of the weapon, integral in rotation with the loading block 10, are driven in rotation around the fixed central shaft 12, and
- the ejection block 40 integral in rotation with the loading block 10, is also driven in rotation around the fixed central shaft 12.
- the ammunition extracted from the supply magazine is continuously discharged through the inlet opening 38 of the body 3 of the weapon.
- a chute 16 of the loading block 10 passes in front of the inlet opening 38, it receives an ammunition whose base is supported on the fixed helical ramp 18.
- the rotational movement of the loading block 10 and the helical ramp fixed 18 cause movement of O 96/36845 PC ⁇ 7FR95 / 00665
- the chamber 20 which contains the cartridge case of the fired ammunition then enters the opening zone ZO where it again gradually shifts relative to the associated tube T. Then, when the chamber 20 re-enters the loading zone ZC, the new ammunition which is loaded in the chamber 20 gradually pushes the casing of the previously loaded ammunition.
- the chamber 20 traverses the loading area ZC, it is axially aligned with a chute 42 of the rotary ejection block 40 which thus receives the sleeve which is then ejected through the outlet opening 44.
- a first chamber 20 traverses the loading zone ZC for example, a second chamber 20 traverses the closing zone ZF, a third chamber 20 traverses the firing zone ZT and the fourth bedroom 20 runs through the opening zone ZO, and so on.
- the springs 35 associated with the chambers 20 have the function of limiting the friction forces of the chambers 20 on the external cam 34 and of overcoming the force centrifugal applied to the chambers 20 during the rotation of the loading block 10.
- the loading and firing cycles follow one another to fire a burst at high rate, the four T tubes of the weapon successively firing ammunition during a complete rotation of the SC loading and firing system, knowing that the position where the percussion takes place is identical for all the T tubes of the weapon.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1995/000665 WO1996036845A1 (fr) | 1995-05-19 | 1995-05-19 | Arme a feu automatique multitubes de petit ou moyen calibre du type gatling, notamment destinee au tir de munitions telescopees |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0786068A1 true EP0786068A1 (fr) | 1997-07-30 |
EP0786068B1 EP0786068B1 (fr) | 2000-04-26 |
Family
ID=9475356
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95920968A Expired - Lifetime EP0786068B1 (fr) | 1995-05-19 | 1995-05-19 | Arme a feu automatique multitubes de petit ou moyen calibre du type gatling, notamment destinee au tir de munitions telescopees |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5817967A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0786068B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2718837B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1996036845A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AUPQ169699A0 (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 1999-09-23 | Metal Storm Limited | Firearms |
US20060207418A1 (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2006-09-21 | Burke Jimmy W Jr | Hand held multibarrel automatic weapon |
US7441490B2 (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2008-10-28 | Dillon Michael J | Machine gun |
US10823518B1 (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-11-03 | Tippmann Industrial Products, Inc. | Gatling gun with magazine feed mechanism |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2959106A (en) * | 1958-04-07 | 1960-11-08 | John F O'brien | Plural-barrel gun with drum and chambering mechanism |
US3222989A (en) * | 1960-03-25 | 1965-12-14 | Ewald A Kamp | Revolver-type gun with bolt |
US3101027A (en) * | 1961-08-02 | 1963-08-20 | John E Brogan | Quick-release, link-type clamp for multiple shaft clusters |
DE1578007A1 (de) * | 1967-12-18 | 1971-08-19 | Eta Corp | Kanone,insbesondere Revolver-Kanone fuer huelsenlose Geschosse |
US3668637A (en) * | 1969-09-16 | 1972-06-06 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Character reader having optimum quantization level |
US3688637A (en) * | 1970-03-10 | 1972-09-05 | Gen Electric | Multibarrel automatic weapon |
US4216698A (en) * | 1978-09-25 | 1980-08-12 | General Electric Company | Balanced Gatling gun |
US4278008A (en) * | 1979-10-12 | 1981-07-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Separate loading ammunition automatic cannon |
US4342253A (en) * | 1980-04-07 | 1982-08-03 | General Electric Company | Sprocket arrangement in a high rate of fire revolving battery gun |
DE3627891A1 (de) * | 1986-08-16 | 1988-02-18 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | Automatisierung des ladevorganges bei einer rohrwaffe |
-
1994
- 1994-04-15 FR FR9404530A patent/FR2718837B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-05-19 EP EP95920968A patent/EP0786068B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-19 WO PCT/FR1995/000665 patent/WO1996036845A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1995-05-19 US US08/765,824 patent/US5817967A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9636845A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5817967A (en) | 1998-10-06 |
FR2718837B1 (fr) | 1996-06-14 |
FR2718837A1 (fr) | 1995-10-20 |
WO1996036845A1 (fr) | 1996-11-21 |
EP0786068B1 (fr) | 2000-04-26 |
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