EP0784745A1 - Electronic control system for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Electronic control system for an internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number
EP0784745A1
EP0784745A1 EP96908000A EP96908000A EP0784745A1 EP 0784745 A1 EP0784745 A1 EP 0784745A1 EP 96908000 A EP96908000 A EP 96908000A EP 96908000 A EP96908000 A EP 96908000A EP 0784745 A1 EP0784745 A1 EP 0784745A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
internal combustion
combustion engine
control system
electronic control
ignition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96908000A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0784745B1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Walter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0784745A1 publication Critical patent/EP0784745A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0784745B1 publication Critical patent/EP0784745B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/042—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for stopping the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
    • F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02N99/002—Starting combustion engines by ignition means
    • F02N99/006—Providing a combustible mixture inside the cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
    • F02D2041/0092—Synchronisation of the cylinders at engine start
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
    • F02D2041/0095—Synchronisation of the cylinders during engine shutdown
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0097—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating speed signals

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an electronic control system for an internal combustion engine according to the type of the main claim.
  • Camshaft and thus the cylinder positions are known. These variables are determined with the aid of suitable sensor systems, for example with the aid of incremental encoder systems with or without phase encoders or with the aid of segment systems with encoders on the crankshaft and / or camshaft and brands in the area of the ignition TDC.
  • Such an encoder system is known for example from DE-OS 43 04 163.
  • the encoder system described there is used in a device for controlling the Fuel injection in an internal combustion engine to generate the correct injection pulses as quickly as possible after the start of the internal combustion engine, so that a rapid speed increase is possible.
  • crankshaft or camshaft In the known system, the position of the crankshaft or camshaft is not only evaluated during normal operation, but also during a run-on phase, that is to say during a phase during which no more injections and ignitions take place, but the crankshaft or
  • Camshaft still rotates due to its inertia.
  • the position of the crankshaft or camshaft at which the engine came to a standstill is stored in the control unit so that a cylinder-selective correct injection can be started immediately when restarting. When it is restarted, this position is then assumed to be correct, so that the necessary information is immediately available to the control unit.
  • the electronic control system according to the invention for an internal combustion engine with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that a further reduction in the starting time is possible compared to the known devices.
  • This advantage is achieved by determining in the control unit of the internal combustion engine the position of the internal combustion engine, that is to say the angular position of the crankshaft and / or camshaft and the cylinder position, up to the point in time at which all the shafts have come to a standstill.
  • Standstill occurs, that is, at a point in time at which the speed of the internal combustion engine falls below a predeterminable value, which is also referred to as the minimum speed, at least one additional injection is triggered.
  • This injection takes place in an inlet valve that is still open shortly before the engine stops.
  • an ignition is initiated in the cylinder which was previously operated with an injection. Injection into such a cylinder would no longer be possible on restart, since the associated intake valve is already closed. It is therefore only possible to supply fuel to this special cylinder by injecting before the internal combustion engine has come to a definitive standstill.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that it can be used in all internal combustion engines that either have an absolute angle encoder system that delivers a clear signal immediately after switching on or that perform a run-out detection that makes the standstill position available immediately after switching on again .
  • the electronic control system according to the invention can be used for an internal combustion engine in connection with start / stop systems.
  • start / stop systems which are described, for example, in DE-OS 32 09 794
  • the internal combustion engine is switched off and on again automatically in order to save fuel under predefinable conditions.
  • the control unit is not switched off and detects whether one of the shafts of the internal combustion engines has rotated despite the switch-off state.
  • the ignition lock (KL15) is usually not switched off between the stop and the start of the internal combustion engine.
  • the restart can take place without actuation of the starter, it is also possible to actuate the starter and additionally with the spraying to support the starter to achieve a rapid speed ramp-up.
  • FIG. 1 shows a rough overview of components of an internal combustion engine that are essential to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows the injections or ignitions carried out in the shutdown phase or the starting phase.
  • Figure 1 which is largely known from DE-OS 43 04 163, the components of an internal combustion engine required to explain the invention are exemplified.
  • 10 denotes an encoder disk, which is rigidly connected to the crankshaft 11 of the internal combustion engine and has a large number of similar angular marks 12 on its circumference.
  • reference mark 13 which is implemented by two missing angular marks, for example.
  • a second encoder disk 14 is connected to the camshaft 15 of the internal combustion engine and has on its periphery a segment 16 or possibly further segments 16a, b, c of different lengths, with which the phase position of the reference mark on the crankshaft disk is determined.
  • At 17 there is the connection between the crankshaft and camshaft, which connects the camshaft with half the crankshaft. oil speed rotates, symbolizes.
  • the two encoder disks 10, 14 are scanned by sensors 18, 19; the signals generated in the sensors when the angle marks pass by are processed, for example, into square-wave signals and evaluated in the control unit 20. Both the speed and the information regarding the angular positions of the crankshaft or camshaft can be obtained from the chronological sequence of the individual edges of the square-wave signals.
  • the control unit 20 receives, via various inputs, further input variables required for the control or regulation of the internal combustion engine, which are measured by corresponding sensors 21, 22, 23.
  • an "ignition on” signal is supplied via the input 24, which signal is supplied by the terminal KL15 of the ignition lock when the ignition switch 25 is closed.
  • the starter of the internal combustion engine can also be actuated downstream via terminal KL15.
  • control unit 20 On the output side, the control unit 20, which includes computing or storage means (not shown in detail) and a permanent memory (30), provides signals for ignition and injection for corresponding components of the internal combustion engine (not shown). These signals are emitted via the outputs 26 and 27 of the control device 20.
  • the control unit 20 is supplied with voltage in the usual way with the aid of a battery 28, which is connected to the control unit 20 via a switch 29 during operation of the internal combustion engine and during a run-on phase after the engine has been switched off.
  • the exemplary embodiment for an electronic control system shown in FIG. 1 enables the method described now to be carried out. It is particularly suitable in connection with automatic start / stop systems which, under certain conditions, automatically switch off the internal combustion engine and switch it on again if further conditions exist.
  • the internal combustion engine is switched off under certain boundary conditions, for example when the speed is zero, the foot brake is applied and idling is detected. These conditions are recognized by the control unit 20, the quantities required for the recognition either using
  • Sensors are measured or are calculated in the control unit from the existing information.
  • the internal combustion engine is started again after a gas request, that is to say after the accelerator pedal has been actuated. Since the ignition lock KL15 is not normally switched off between the stop and start of the internal combustion engine in the case of automatic start / stop, the start can take place very quickly.
  • a possible procedure that is carried out by the electronic control system can be represented as follows: If the control unit 20 recognizes that the internal combustion engine is to be switched off, corresponding control pulses are generated which cause the injection and / or ignition to be switched off, as a result of which no more burns take place and the internal combustion engine is switched off. As a result of its inertia, however, it still rotates for a certain time, during which time an end-of-travel detection takes place, during which the angular positions of the crankshaft and / or camshaft and the cylinder positions are also determined in the control unit. Furthermore, speed measurements are also carried out. This end-of-life detection ultimately provides the parking position of the internal combustion engine or the engine.
  • the determined and stored parking position is taken into account when the restart is used when calculating the control signals for the ignition or injection.
  • one or more injections are carried out in the run-down phase shortly before the internal combustion engine finally comes to a standstill. This injection or these injections take place in those cylinders which, after the engine has come to a standstill, have largely closed the inlet valves and thus have completed the intake process of the combustible fuel mixture. By means of these injections when they are switched off, they are still given a combustible mixture for the next start. In this case, only the cylinders are operated which, after the final standstill, are in a position which still allows a torque contribution after ignition. This can be an engine position after a compression TDC.
  • the speed of the crankshaft or camshaft of the internal combustion engine is analyzed during the phase-out phase. If, for example, the engine speed falls below a predeterminable engine speed in the run-down phase, it can be estimated on the basis of the speed gradient also known, that is to say the speed change, in which position the internal combustion engine presumably remains. Based on this information, one or two inlet valves can be injected shortly before standstill, specifically into the injection valves, which cannot be reached at the start with an injection, because they are then already closed. In the example given in FIG. 2, which will be described in more detail later, this would be the inlet valve 3.
  • an ignition is triggered in the cylinder to which the inlet valve 3 is assigned, for example due to an absolute angle sensor which supplies a reliable signal for the ignition output or with the aid of the leak detection, which then is also used for the ignition output, possible.
  • the ignition of the cylinder that was still injected before the standstill causes a torque contribution immediately after switching on again or after starting.
  • the speed signals in the shutdown phase are included in the starting position as the angle of rotation. If in the shutdown phase an inadmissible twisting of the engine, Detected beyond a compression point, for example, the subsequent start algorithm is prohibited. If the direction of rotation is detected, the angles of rotation during the parking position are included in the starting position.
  • an ignition is output in the cylinder or cylinders which are located after the compression point (ZOT). This ignition ignites the combustible fuel-air mixture that is present due to the last injections before the standstill. As a result, the motor starts to turn immediately. After the next cylinder has reached the ZOT, an ignition is also triggered in this cylinder.
  • the position of the internal combustion engine is further determined by means of the known starting position and
  • Encoder signals determined during start-up Additional support for the rotary movement by the starter of the internal combustion engine is possible.
  • control unit 20 With the request recognized by control unit 20
  • Engine start begins, as in the device known from DE-OS 43 04 163 for controlling the fuel injection in an internal combustion engine, the injection.
  • the injections designated there as zero or first splashes can take place.
  • a switch is made to one of the known controls for ignition and injection (for example sequential fuel injection SEFI).
  • the electronic control system described can be used in all internal combustion engines that have suitable encoder systems, for example in incremental encoder systems with or without a phase encoder or in segment systems with an encoder on the crankshaft and / or camshaft as well as brands in the area of the ignition TDC.
  • the electronic control system according to the invention is to be used optimally, in particular in motor vehicles with automatic start-stop, in which the shutdown and then the restart take place at any suitable opportunity.
  • the control unit evaluates the speed signal between shutdown and start anyway, since the control unit is never switched off in this case.
  • FIG. 2 the relationship between injection and ignition in the shutdown phase, in the shutdown position of the internal combustion engine and in the start phase is plotted using an example of a four-cylinder engine, the shutdown phase with Ab, the start phase with St and the engine shutdown. position are designated with MA.
  • inlet valves E1 to E4 which are assigned to the corresponding cylinders, are opened.
  • injections are carried out in the inlet valves E2 and E3, which are designated A1A and A2A, respectively.
  • An injection is placed into the intake valve E4 before the internal combustion engine begins to rotate. This injection is referred to as zero splash N.
  • injections are carried out which are designated EEE. If necessary, these injections take place before the synchronization.
  • ZO to ZX are ignitions in the individual cylinders.
  • Z0 denotes the ignition of the fuel injected when switching off (ignition according to ZOT).
  • Zl denotes the ignition of the fuel injected when switching off (regular ignition).
  • Z2 to Z4 then designate the ignitions of the other cylinders which are supplied with fuel at the start. The following applies with regard to the cylinder position: In the case of the AlA injection, the cylinder is still at top dead center (ZOT) at the start, so “regular” ignition is still possible. With the A2A injection, the cylinder is at ZOT after a restart.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

In an electronic control system for an internal combustion engine, the controller cuts off ignition and/or injection when the will to stop is recognised and determines the position of the internal combustion engine even during the slow down phase until its standstill. Shortly before engine standstill, fuel is once again injected into at least one still open inlet valve. When the internal combustion engine is started again, ignition is triggered in the at least one cylinder into which additional fuel was injected, so that a first torque is immediately generated. In order to determine the probable standstill position of the internal combustion engine, its speed of rotation or speed of rotation gradient is detected during the slowing down phase.

Description

Elektronisches Steuersystem für eine BrennkraftmaschineElectronic control system for an internal combustion engine
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem elektronischen Steuersystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine nach der Gattung des Hauptan¬ spruchs.The invention is based on an electronic control system for an internal combustion engine according to the type of the main claim.
Bei Mehrzylinder-Brennkraftmaschinen mit elektronisch gere¬ gelter Einspritzung bzw. Zündung werden üblicherweise die erforderlichen Ansteuersignale im Steuergerät gebildet. Dazu ist es erforderlich, daß stets die genaue Position der Brennkraftmaschine, also die Winkellage von Kurbel- undIn multi-cylinder internal combustion engines with electronically controlled injection or ignition, the necessary control signals are usually generated in the control unit. For this it is necessary that the exact position of the internal combustion engine, ie the angular position of the crank and
Nockenwelle und damit die Zylinderstellungen bekannt sind. Ermittelt werden diese Größen mit Hilfe geeigneter Sensor¬ systeme, beispielsweise mit Hilfe von IngrementgeberSystemen mit oder ohne Phasengeber oder mit Hilfe von Segmentsystemen mit Gebern auf der Kurbelwelle und/oder Nockenwelle und Mar¬ ken im Bereich des Zünd-OT.Camshaft and thus the cylinder positions are known. These variables are determined with the aid of suitable sensor systems, for example with the aid of incremental encoder systems with or without phase encoders or with the aid of segment systems with encoders on the crankshaft and / or camshaft and brands in the area of the ignition TDC.
Ein solches Gebersystem ist beispielsweise aus der DE-OS 43 04 163 bekannt. Das dort beschriebene Gebersystem wird dazu benutzt, bei einer Einrichtung zur Steuerung der Kraftstoffeinspritzung bei einer Brennkraftmaschine mög¬ lichst schnell nach dem Start der Brennkraftmaschine die richtigen Einspritzimpulse zu erzeugen, so daß ein schneller Drehzahlhochlauf möglich ist.Such an encoder system is known for example from DE-OS 43 04 163. The encoder system described there is used in a device for controlling the Fuel injection in an internal combustion engine to generate the correct injection pulses as quickly as possible after the start of the internal combustion engine, so that a rapid speed increase is possible.
Bei dem bekannten System wird dabei die Stellung der Kurbel- bzw. Nockenwelle nicht nur während des regulären Betriebs ausgewertet, sondern auch während einer Nachlaufphase, also während einer Phase, während der keine Einspritzungen und Zündungen mehr erfolgen, sich jedoch die Kurbel- bzw.In the known system, the position of the crankshaft or camshaft is not only evaluated during normal operation, but also during a run-on phase, that is to say during a phase during which no more injections and ignitions take place, but the crankshaft or
Nockenwelle noch infolge ihrer Trägheit dreht. Damit beim Wiederstart gleich mit einer zylihderselektiven korrekten Einspritzung begonnen werden kann, wird im Steuergerät die Stellung der Kurbel- bzw. Nockenwelle abgespeichert, bei der der Motor zum Stillstand gekommen ist. Beim Wiederstart wird dann diese Stellung als korrekt angenommen, so daß dem Steuergerät sofort die erforderlichen Informationen vorlie¬ gen.Camshaft still rotates due to its inertia. The position of the crankshaft or camshaft at which the engine came to a standstill is stored in the control unit so that a cylinder-selective correct injection can be started immediately when restarting. When it is restarted, this position is then assumed to be correct, so that the necessary information is immediately available to the control unit.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Das erfindungsgemäße elektronische Steuersystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, daß gegenüber den bekannten Einrichtungen eine nochmalige Verringerung der Startzeit möglich ist. Erzielt wird dieser Vorteil, indem im Steuergerät der Brennkraft¬ maschine die Position der Brennkraftmaschine, also die Winkellage von Kurbel- und/oder Nockenwelle sowie die Zylin¬ derstellung ermittelt wird bis zu- dem Zeitpunkt, zu dem alle Wellen zum Stillstand gekommen sind. Kurz bevor dieserThe electronic control system according to the invention for an internal combustion engine with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that a further reduction in the starting time is possible compared to the known devices. This advantage is achieved by determining in the control unit of the internal combustion engine the position of the internal combustion engine, that is to say the angular position of the crankshaft and / or camshaft and the cylinder position, up to the point in time at which all the shafts have come to a standstill. Just before this
Stillstand eintritt, also zu einem Zeitpunkt, zu dem die Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine einen vorgebbaren Wert, der auch als Minimaldrehzahl bezeichnet wird, unterschreitet, wird wenigstens eine zusätzliche Einspritzung ausgelöst. Diese Einspritzung erfolgt dabei in ein Einlaßventil, das kurz vor dem Stillstand der Brennkraftmaschine noch offen ist. Nach dem Wiederstart der Brennkraftmaschine bzw. zu dem Zeitpunkt, zu dem das Steuergerät den Wunsch nach Neustart erkennt, wird in dem Zylinder, der zuvor noch mit einer Einspritzung bedient wurde, eine Zündung veranlaßt. Eine Einspritzung in einen solchen Zylinder wäre beim Neustart nicht mehr möglich, da das zugehörige Einlaßventil bereits geschlossen ist. Nur durch die Einspritzung vor dem endgül¬ tigen Stillstand der Brennkraftmaschine ist es somit mög- lieh, diesem speziellen Zylinder noch Kraftstoff zuzuführen.Standstill occurs, that is, at a point in time at which the speed of the internal combustion engine falls below a predeterminable value, which is also referred to as the minimum speed, at least one additional injection is triggered. This injection takes place in an inlet valve that is still open shortly before the engine stops. After the internal combustion engine has been restarted or at the point in time at which the control unit recognizes the desire for a restart, an ignition is initiated in the cylinder which was previously operated with an injection. Injection into such a cylinder would no longer be possible on restart, since the associated intake valve is already closed. It is therefore only possible to supply fuel to this special cylinder by injecting before the internal combustion engine has come to a definitive standstill.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, daß sie bei allen Brennkraftmaschinen eingesetzt werden kann, die entweder ein Absolutwinkelgebersystem aufweisen, das sofort nach dem Einschalten ein eindeutiges Signal liefert oder die eine Auslauferkennung durchführen, die die Stillstandsposi¬ tion sofort nach dem Wiedereinschalten zur Verfügung stellt.Another advantage of the invention is that it can be used in all internal combustion engines that either have an absolute angle encoder system that delivers a clear signal immediately after switching on or that perform a run-out detection that makes the standstill position available immediately after switching on again .
Besonders vorteilhaft ist, daß das erfindungsgemäße elektro- nische Steuersystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine im Zusammen¬ hang mit Start/Stop-Systemen einsetzbar ist. Bei solchen Systemen, die beispielsweise in der DE-OS 32 09 794 beschrieben werden, wird die Brennkraftmaschine zur Kraft¬ stoffersparnis unter vorgebbaren Bedingungen selbständig aus- und wieder eingeschaltet. Während eines solchen kurzen Ausschaltens wird das Steuergerät nicht abgeschaltet und erkennt, ob sich trotz ausgeschaltetem Zustand eine der Wellen der Brennkraftmaschinen gedreht hat.It is particularly advantageous that the electronic control system according to the invention can be used for an internal combustion engine in connection with start / stop systems. In such systems, which are described, for example, in DE-OS 32 09 794, the internal combustion engine is switched off and on again automatically in order to save fuel under predefinable conditions. During such a brief switch-off, the control unit is not switched off and detects whether one of the shafts of the internal combustion engines has rotated despite the switch-off state.
Bei einer Start/Stop-Automatik wird üblicherweise zwischen dem Stop und dem Start der Brennkraftmaschine das Zündschloß (KL15) nicht abgeschaltet. Der Wiederstart kann ohne Betäti¬ gung des Starters erfolgen, es ist auch möglich, den Starter zu betätigen und zusätzlich mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ein- spritzung den Starter zu unterstützen, um einen schnellen Drehzahlhochlauf zu erzielen.In the case of an automatic start / stop, the ignition lock (KL15) is usually not switched off between the stop and the start of the internal combustion engine. The restart can take place without actuation of the starter, it is also possible to actuate the starter and additionally with the spraying to support the starter to achieve a rapid speed ramp-up.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen genannten Maßnahmen werden weitere Vorteile der Erfindung erzielt.The measures mentioned in the subclaims achieve further advantages of the invention.
Zeichnungdrawing
Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Im einzelnen ist in Figur 1 eine grobe Übersicht über erfindungswesentli¬ che Bestandteile einer Brennkraftmaschine dargestellt. In Figur 2 wird ein Beispiel gegeben, das die durchgeführten Einspritzungen bzw. Zündungen in der Abstellphase bzw. der Startphase aufzeigt.The invention is illustrated in the drawing and is explained in more detail in the following description. 1 shows a rough overview of components of an internal combustion engine that are essential to the invention. An example is given in FIG. 2 which shows the injections or ignitions carried out in the shutdown phase or the starting phase.
Beschreibungdescription
In Figur 1, die weitgehend aus der DE-OS 43 04 163 bekannt ist, sind die zur Erläuterung der Erfindung erforderlichen Bestandteile einer Brennkraftmaschine beispielhaft darge¬ stellt. Dabei ist mit 10 eine Geberscheibe bezeichnet, die starr mit der Kurbelwelle 11 der Brennkraftmaschine verbun¬ den ist und an ihrem Umfang eine Vielzahl gleichartiger Win- kelmarken 12 aufweist. Neben diesen gleichartigen Winkelmar¬ ken 12 ist eine Referenzmarke 13 vorhanden, die beispielhaft durch zwei fehlende Winkelmarken realisiert ist.In Figure 1, which is largely known from DE-OS 43 04 163, the components of an internal combustion engine required to explain the invention are exemplified. In this case, 10 denotes an encoder disk, which is rigidly connected to the crankshaft 11 of the internal combustion engine and has a large number of similar angular marks 12 on its circumference. In addition to these similar angular marks 12, there is a reference mark 13, which is implemented by two missing angular marks, for example.
Eine zweite Geberscheibe 14 ist mit der Nockenwelle 15 der Brennkraftmaschine verbunden und weist an ihrem Umfang ein Segment 16 oder gegebenenfalls weitere Segmente 16a, b, c unterschiedlicher Länge auf, mit dem oder denen die Phasen¬ lage der Referenzmarke auf der Kurbelwellenscheibe bestimmt wird. Mit 17 ist die zwischen Kurbel- und Nockenwelle beste- hende Verbindung, die die Nockenwelle mit halber Kurbelwel- lendrehzahl dreht, symbolisiert. Aus der Kenntnis der Win¬ kelstellung der Kurbel- bzw. Nockenwelle läßt sich bekann¬ termaßen die Position der Brennkraftmaschine, also bei¬ spielsweise wie die Zylinderlage ist oder welche Einlaßven- tile geöffnet bzw. geschlossen sind, ableiten.A second encoder disk 14 is connected to the camshaft 15 of the internal combustion engine and has on its periphery a segment 16 or possibly further segments 16a, b, c of different lengths, with which the phase position of the reference mark on the crankshaft disk is determined. At 17 there is the connection between the crankshaft and camshaft, which connects the camshaft with half the crankshaft. oil speed rotates, symbolizes. From the knowledge of the angular position of the crankshaft or camshaft, the position of the internal combustion engine, as is known, for example what the cylinder position is or which inlet valves are open or closed, can be derived.
Die beiden Geberscheiben 10, 14 werden von Aufnehmern 18, 19 abgetastet, die beim Vorbeilaufen der Winkelmarken in den Aufnehmern erzeugten Signale werden beispielsweise zu Recht- ecksignalen aufbereitet und im Steuergerät 20 ausgewertet. Aus der zeitlichen Abfolge der einzelnen Flanken der Recht- ecksignale läßt sich sowohl die Drehzahl als auch die Infor¬ mation bezüglich der Winkellagen der Kurbel- bzw. Nockenwel¬ le gewinnen.The two encoder disks 10, 14 are scanned by sensors 18, 19; the signals generated in the sensors when the angle marks pass by are processed, for example, into square-wave signals and evaluated in the control unit 20. Both the speed and the information regarding the angular positions of the crankshaft or camshaft can be obtained from the chronological sequence of the individual edges of the square-wave signals.
Das Steuergerät 20 erhält über verschiedene Eingänge wei¬ tere, für die Steuerung bzw. Regelung der Brennkraftmaschine erforderliche Eingangsgrößen, die von entsprechenden Senso¬ ren 21, 22, 23 gemessen werden.The control unit 20 receives, via various inputs, further input variables required for the control or regulation of the internal combustion engine, which are measured by corresponding sensors 21, 22, 23.
Weiterhin wird über den Eingang 24 ein "Zündung ein"-Signal zugeführt, das beim Schließen des Zündschalters 25 von der Klemme KL15 des Zündschlosses geliefert wird. Über Klemme KL15 läßt sich nachgeschaltet auch der Starter der Brenn- kraftmaschine betätigen.Furthermore, an "ignition on" signal is supplied via the input 24, which signal is supplied by the terminal KL15 of the ignition lock when the ignition switch 25 is closed. The starter of the internal combustion engine can also be actuated downstream via terminal KL15.
Ausgangsseitig stellt das Steuergerät 20, das nicht näher dargestellte Rechen- bzw. Speichermittel sowie einen mit 30 bezeichneten Permanentspeicher umfaßt, Signale für die Zün- düng und Einspritzung für nicht näher bezeichnete entspre¬ chende Komponenten der Brennkraftmaschine zur Verfügung. Diese Signale werden über die Ausgänge 26 und 27 des Steuer¬ gerätes 20 abgegeben. Die Spannungsversorgung des Steuergerätes 20 erfolgt in üblicher Weise mit Hilfe einer Batterie 28, die über einen Schalter 29 während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine sowie während einer Nachlaufphase nach Abstellen des Motors mit dem Steuergerät 20 in Verbindung steht.On the output side, the control unit 20, which includes computing or storage means (not shown in detail) and a permanent memory (30), provides signals for ignition and injection for corresponding components of the internal combustion engine (not shown). These signals are emitted via the outputs 26 and 27 of the control device 20. The control unit 20 is supplied with voltage in the usual way with the aid of a battery 28, which is connected to the control unit 20 via a switch 29 during operation of the internal combustion engine and during a run-on phase after the engine has been switched off.
Das in Figur 1 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel für ein elektronisches Steuersystem ermöglicht den Ablauf des nun beschriebenen Verfahrens. Es ist besonders geeignet in Verbindung mit Start/Stop-Automatiksystemen, die unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen die Brennkraftmaschine selbständig abschalten und bei Vorliegen weiterer Bedingun¬ gen wieder einschalten.The exemplary embodiment for an electronic control system shown in FIG. 1 enables the method described now to be carried out. It is particularly suitable in connection with automatic start / stop systems which, under certain conditions, automatically switch off the internal combustion engine and switch it on again if further conditions exist.
Bei einer solchen Start/Stop-Automatik wird die Brennkraft¬ maschine unter bestimmten Randbedingungen, beispielsweise wenn die Geschwindigkeit gleich null ist, die Fußbremse getreten und Leerlauf erkannt ist, abgestellt. Diese Bedin¬ gungen werden vom Steuergerät 20 erkannt, wobei die zur Erkennung erforderlichen Größen entweder mit Hilfe vonWith such an automatic start / stop, the internal combustion engine is switched off under certain boundary conditions, for example when the speed is zero, the foot brake is applied and idling is detected. These conditions are recognized by the control unit 20, the quantities required for the recognition either using
Sensoren gemessen werden oder im Steuergerät aus den vorhan¬ denen Informationen berechnet werden.Sensors are measured or are calculated in the control unit from the existing information.
Als Randbedingungen für das Wiedereinschalten kann bei- spielsweise vorgesehen sein, daß nach einer Gasanforderung, also nach Betätigung des Gaspedales die Brennkraftmaschine wieder gestartet wird. Da bei Start/Stop-Automatik zwischen Stop und Start der Brennkraftmaschine das Zündschloß KL15 üblicherweise nicht abgeschaltet wird, kann der Start sehr schnell erfolgen.As boundary conditions for the restart, it can be provided, for example, that the internal combustion engine is started again after a gas request, that is to say after the accelerator pedal has been actuated. Since the ignition lock KL15 is not normally switched off between the stop and start of the internal combustion engine in the case of automatic start / stop, the start can take place very quickly.
Eine mögliche Vorgehensweise, die vom elektronischen Steuer¬ system durchgeführt wird, läßt sich wie folgt darstellen: Wird vom Steuergerät 20 erkannt, daß die Brennkraftmaschine abgestellt werden soll, werden entsprechende Ansteuerimpulse erzeugt, die ein Abschalten der Einspritzung und/oder Zün¬ dung bewirken, dadurch finden keine Verbrennungen mehr statt und die Brennkraftmaschine wird abgestellt. Infolge ihrer Trägheit dreht sie sich jedoch noch eine gewisse Zeit, während dieser Zeit findet eine Auslauferkennung statt, während der im Steuergerät weiterhin die Winkellagen von Kurbel- und/oder Nockenwelle sowie die Zylinderpositionen ermittelt werden. Weiterhin werden auch noch Drehzahlmessun¬ gen durchgeführt. Diese Auslauferkennung liefert letztend¬ lich die Abstellposition der Brennkraftmaschine bzw. des Motors.A possible procedure that is carried out by the electronic control system can be represented as follows: If the control unit 20 recognizes that the internal combustion engine is to be switched off, corresponding control pulses are generated which cause the injection and / or ignition to be switched off, as a result of which no more burns take place and the internal combustion engine is switched off. As a result of its inertia, however, it still rotates for a certain time, during which time an end-of-travel detection takes place, during which the angular positions of the crankshaft and / or camshaft and the cylinder positions are also determined in the control unit. Furthermore, speed measurements are also carried out. This end-of-life detection ultimately provides the parking position of the internal combustion engine or the engine.
Damit beim späteren Neustart der Brennkraftmaschine ein besonders schneller Drehzahlhochlauf möglich ist, wird die ermittelte und abgespeicherte Abstellposition beim Neustart bei der Berechnung der Ansteuersignale für die Zündung bzw. Einspritzung berücksichtigt. Zusätzlich werden jedoch noch in der Auslaufphase kurz vor dem endgültigen Stillstand der Brennkraftmaschine eine oder mehrere Einspritzungen abge¬ setzt. Diese Einspritzung oder diese Einspritzungen erfolgen in jene Zylinder, die nach dem Stillstand des Motors voraus¬ sichtlich die Einlaßventile weitgehend geschlossen haben und somit den Ansaugvorgang von brennfähigem Kraftstoffgemisch abgeschlossen haben. Mittels dieser Einspritzungen beim Ab¬ stellen erhalten diese noch ein brennfähiges Gemisch für den nächsten Startvogang. Dabei werden nur die Zylinder bedient, die sich nach dem endgültigen Stillstand in einer Position befinden, die nach einer Zündung noch einen Drehmomentbei¬ trag erlaubt. Dies kann eine Motorposition nach einem Kom- pressions-OT sein.So that a particularly rapid speed ramp-up is possible when the internal combustion engine is restarted later, the determined and stored parking position is taken into account when the restart is used when calculating the control signals for the ignition or injection. In addition, however, one or more injections are carried out in the run-down phase shortly before the internal combustion engine finally comes to a standstill. This injection or these injections take place in those cylinders which, after the engine has come to a standstill, have largely closed the inlet valves and thus have completed the intake process of the combustible fuel mixture. By means of these injections when they are switched off, they are still given a combustible mixture for the next start. In this case, only the cylinders are operated which, after the final standstill, are in a position which still allows a torque contribution after ignition. This can be an engine position after a compression TDC.
Zur Erkennung, welcher Zylinder nach dem Stillstand des Motors in einem geeigneten Bereich liegt, kann beispielswei- se die Drehzahl der Kurbel- bzw. Nockenwelle der Brennkraft¬ maschine während der Auslaufphase analysiert werden. Wird beispielsweise eine vorgebbare Motordrehzahl in der Auslauf¬ phase unterschritten, kann aufgrund des ebenfalls bekannten Drehzahlgradienten, also der Drehzahländerung abgeschätzt werden, in welcher Position die Brennkraftmaschine vermut¬ lich stehenbleibt. Ausgehend von dieser Information kann kurz vor dem Stillstand noch in ein oder zwei Einlaßventile eingespritzt werden, und zwar in die Einspritzventile, die beim Start mit einer Einspritzung nicht mehr erreicht werden können, weil sie dann bereits geschlossen sind. Bei dem in der später noch näher beschriebenen Figur 2 angegebenen Bei¬ spiel wäre dies das Einlaßventil 3.To identify which cylinder is in a suitable range after the engine has come to a standstill, The speed of the crankshaft or camshaft of the internal combustion engine is analyzed during the phase-out phase. If, for example, the engine speed falls below a predeterminable engine speed in the run-down phase, it can be estimated on the basis of the speed gradient also known, that is to say the speed change, in which position the internal combustion engine presumably remains. Based on this information, one or two inlet valves can be injected shortly before standstill, specifically into the injection valves, which cannot be reached at the start with an injection, because they are then already closed. In the example given in FIG. 2, which will be described in more detail later, this would be the inlet valve 3.
Nach dem Start der Brennkraftmaschine wird in dem Zylinder, dem das Einlaßventil 3 zugeordnet ist, eine Zündung ausge¬ löst, dies iεt beispielsweise aufgrund eines Absolutwinkel- gebers, der ein verläßliches Signal für die Zündausgabe lie¬ fert oder mit Hilfe der Auslauferkennung, die dann auch für die Zündausgabe herangezogen wird, möglich. Die Zündung des vor dem Stillstand noch eingespritzten Zylinders bewirkt sofort nach dem Wiedereinschalten bzw. nach dem Start einen Drehmomentbeitrag.After the internal combustion engine has started, an ignition is triggered in the cylinder to which the inlet valve 3 is assigned, for example due to an absolute angle sensor which supplies a reliable signal for the ignition output or with the aid of the leak detection, which then is also used for the ignition output, possible. The ignition of the cylinder that was still injected before the standstill causes a torque contribution immediately after switching on again or after starting.
Als Voraussetzung dafür, daß nach' dem Start ein schneller Drehzahlhochlauf erzielt wird, ist eine Überwachung der Gebersignale des Drehzahlgebers (Kurbelwellengebers) und/oder Phasengebers (Nockenwellengebers) durchzuführen. Anhand einer solchen Überwachung können Fehleinspritzungen und besonders auch Fehlzündungen vermieden werden.As a prerequisite that a rapid speed-up is achieved by 'the start, a monitoring of the sensor signals of the speed sensor (crankshaft sensor) and / or the phase sensor (camshaft sensor) is to be performed. With such monitoring, incorrect injections and especially misfires can be avoided.
Bei einem System, bei dem keine Drehrichtungserkennung vorliegt, werden die Drehzahlsignale in der Abstellphase als Rückdrehwinkel in die Startposition eingerechnet. Wird in der Abstellphase ein unzulässiges Verdrehen des Motors, beispielsweise über einen Kompressionspunkt hinweg erkannt, wird der nachfolgende Startalgorithmus verboten. Liegt eine Drehrichtungserkennung vor, werden die Drehwinkel während der Abstellposition in die Startposition eingerechnet.In a system in which there is no detection of the direction of rotation, the speed signals in the shutdown phase are included in the starting position as the angle of rotation. If in the shutdown phase an inadmissible twisting of the engine, Detected beyond a compression point, for example, the subsequent start algorithm is prohibited. If the direction of rotation is detected, the angles of rotation during the parking position are included in the starting position.
Wird vom Steuergerät 20 die Anforderung "Motorstart" erkannt, wird in den oder die Zylinder, der oder die sich nach dem Kompressionspunkt (ZOT) befinden, eine Zündung aus¬ gegeben. Diese Zündung entflammt das aufgrund der letzten Einspritzungen vor dem Stillstand vorliegende brennfähige Kraftstoff-Luftgemisch. Dadurch beginnt sich der Motor sofort zu drehen. Nachdem der nächste Zylinder den ZOT erreicht hat, wird auch in diesem Zylinder eine Zündung ausgelöst. Dabei wird die Position der Brennkraftmaschine weiterhin mittels der bekannten Startposition und derIf the "engine start" request is recognized by the control unit 20, an ignition is output in the cylinder or cylinders which are located after the compression point (ZOT). This ignition ignites the combustible fuel-air mixture that is present due to the last injections before the standstill. As a result, the motor starts to turn immediately. After the next cylinder has reached the ZOT, an ignition is also triggered in this cylinder. The position of the internal combustion engine is further determined by means of the known starting position and
Signale der Drehgeber während des Starts bestimmt. Eine zusätzliche Unterstützung der Drehbewegung durch den Starter der Brennkraftmaschine ist möglich.Encoder signals determined during start-up. Additional support for the rotary movement by the starter of the internal combustion engine is possible.
Mit der vom Steuergerät 20 erkannten AnforderungWith the request recognized by control unit 20
"Motorstart" beginnt wie bei der aus der DE-OS 43 04 163 bekannten Einrichtung zur Steuerung der Kraftstoffein¬ spritzung bei einer Brennkraftmaschine die Einspritzung. Es können dabei die dort als Null- bzw. Erstspritzer bezeichne- ten Einspritzungen erfolgen. Nach der Synchronisation, also nachdem die Bezugsmarke vom Steuergerät erkannt wurde, wird zu einer der bekannten Steuerungen von Zündung und Ein¬ spritzung (beispielsweise sequentielle Kraftstoffein¬ spritzung SEFI) übergegangen."Engine start" begins, as in the device known from DE-OS 43 04 163 for controlling the fuel injection in an internal combustion engine, the injection. The injections designated there as zero or first splashes can take place. After the synchronization, that is to say after the reference mark has been recognized by the control unit, a switch is made to one of the known controls for ignition and injection (for example sequential fuel injection SEFI).
Das beschriebene elektronische Steuersystem kann bei allen Brennkraftmaschinen eingesetzt werden, die geeignete Geber¬ systeme aufweisen, beispielsweise bei Ingrementgebersystemen mit oder ohne Phasengeber oder bei Segmentsystemen mit Geber auf der Kurbelwelle und/oder Nockenwelle sowie Marken im Be¬ reich des Zünd-OT.The electronic control system described can be used in all internal combustion engines that have suitable encoder systems, for example in incremental encoder systems with or without a phase encoder or in segment systems with an encoder on the crankshaft and / or camshaft as well as brands in the area of the ignition TDC.
Insbesondere bei Kraftfahrzeugen mit Start-Stop-Automatik, bei denen die Abschaltung und anschließend der Neustart bei jeder geeigneten Gelegenheit erfolgt, ist das erfindungsge¬ mäße elektronische Steuersystem optimal einzusetzen. Bei solchen Start/Stop-Automatiksystemen wertet das Steuergerät das Drehzahlsignal zwischen Abstellen und Start ohnehin aus, da das Steuergerät in diesem Fall nie abgeschaltet wird.The electronic control system according to the invention is to be used optimally, in particular in motor vehicles with automatic start-stop, in which the shutdown and then the restart take place at any suitable opportunity. In such automatic start / stop systems, the control unit evaluates the speed signal between shutdown and start anyway, since the control unit is never switched off in this case.
In Figur 2 ist anhand eines Beispiels für einen Vierzylin¬ dermotor der Zusammenhang zwischen Einspritzung und Zündung in der Abstellphase, in der Abstellposition der Brennkraft- maschine und der Startphase aufgetragen, wobei die Abstell- phase mit Ab, die Startphase mit St und die Motorabstell- position mit MA bezeichnet sind. Dabei sind in den schraf¬ fierten Bereichen Einlaßventile El bis E4, die den entspre¬ chenden Zylindern zugeordnet sind, geöffnet. In die Einlaß- ventile E2 und E3 werden beim Abstellen Einspritzungen vor¬ genommen, die mit A1A bzw. A2A bezeichnet sind. In das Ein¬ laßventil E4 wird eine Einspritzung noch vor Drehbeginn der Brennkraftmaschine abgesetzt. Diese Einspritzung ist als Nullspritzer N bezeichnet. Nach Drehbeginn des Motors erfol- gen Einspritzungen, die mit EEE bezeichnet sind. Diese Ein¬ spritzungen erfolgen gegebenenfalls noch vor der Synchroni¬ sation.In FIG. 2, the relationship between injection and ignition in the shutdown phase, in the shutdown position of the internal combustion engine and in the start phase is plotted using an example of a four-cylinder engine, the shutdown phase with Ab, the start phase with St and the engine shutdown. position are designated with MA. In the hatched areas, inlet valves E1 to E4, which are assigned to the corresponding cylinders, are opened. When shutdown, injections are carried out in the inlet valves E2 and E3, which are designated A1A and A2A, respectively. An injection is placed into the intake valve E4 before the internal combustion engine begins to rotate. This injection is referred to as zero splash N. After the engine has started to rotate, injections are carried out which are designated EEE. If necessary, these injections take place before the synchronization.
Mit ZO bis ZX sind Zündungen in den einzelnen Zylindern be- zeichnet. Dabei bezeichnet Z0 die Zündung des beim Abstellen eingespritzten Kraftstoffs (Zündung nach ZOT) . Zl bezeichnet die Zündung des beim Abstellen eingespritzten Kraftstoffs (Zündung regulär) . Mit Z2 bis Z4 sind dann die Zündungen der übrigen Zylinder bezeichnet, die beim Start mit Kraftstoff versorgt werden. Bezüglich der Zylinderstellung gilt also: Bei der Einspritzung AlA steht der Zylinder beim Start noch vor dem oberen Totpunkt (ZOT) , es ist daher noch eine "reguläre" Zündung möglich. Bei der Einspritzung A2A steht der Zylinder beim Neustart nach ZOT. ZO to ZX are ignitions in the individual cylinders. Z0 denotes the ignition of the fuel injected when switching off (ignition according to ZOT). Zl denotes the ignition of the fuel injected when switching off (regular ignition). Z2 to Z4 then designate the ignitions of the other cylinders which are supplied with fuel at the start. The following applies with regard to the cylinder position: In the case of the AlA injection, the cylinder is still at top dead center (ZOT) at the start, so "regular" ignition is still possible. With the A2A injection, the cylinder is at ZOT after a restart.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Elektronisches Steuersystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Recheneinrichtung, in der die Winkellage der Kur¬ bel- und/oder Nockenwelle und damit die Zylinderstellungen bzw. die Brennkraftposition sowie die Drehzahl aus von Sen¬ soren gelieferten Signalen ermittelt und ausgewertet wird, zur Bildung von Steuersignalen für die Kraftstoffein¬ spritzung und/oder Zündung, wobei die Recheneinrichtung Mittel umfaßt, die eine Abschaltphase der Brennkraftmaschine erkennen und die Kraftstoffeinspritzung und/oder Zündung unterbrechen, wobei während der Abschaltphase, in der sich die Drehzahl verringert, die Position der Brennkraftmaschine weiter ermittelt wird, bis zur Erkennung der Abstellposi¬ tion, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Unterschreiten einer Minimaldrehzahl wenigstens eine zusätzliche Einspritzung in wenigstens einen der Zylinder, die voraussichtlich beim nächsten Start aufgrund bereits geschlossener Einlaßventile nicht mehr mit Kraftstoff versorgt werden können, die sich aber schon im Verbrennungstakt befinden oder diesen noch erreichen werden, ausgelöst wird.1. Electronic control system for an internal combustion engine with a computing device in which the angular position of the crankshaft and / or camshaft and thus the cylinder positions or the internal combustion engine position as well as the speed is determined and evaluated from signals supplied by sensors to form Control signals for the fuel injection and / or ignition, the computing device comprising means which recognize a switch-off phase of the internal combustion engine and interrupt the fuel injection and / or ignition, the position of the internal combustion engine being determined further during the switch-off phase, in which the speed decreases is until the detection of the Abstellposi¬ tion, characterized in that when falling below a minimum speed at least one additional injection in at least one of the cylinders, which can probably no longer be supplied with fuel at the next start due to already closed intake valves n, which are already in the combustion cycle or will still reach it, is triggered.
2. Elektronisches Steuersystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Einspritzungen in der Abstellphase auch in die Einlaßventile erfolgen, die Zylindern zugeordnet sind, die sich voraussichtlich beim nächsten Start bereits in einer Position nach Zünd-OT befinden, jedoch noch einen Drehmomentbeitrag liefern können. 2. Electronic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that injections in the shutdown phase also take place in the intake valves which are assigned to cylinders which are likely to be in a position after ignition TDC at the next start, but can still make a torque contribution.
3. Elektronisches Steuersystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Recheneinrichtung das Steuergerät der Brennkraftmaschine ist, das die voraussicht- liehe Abstellposition ermittelt, bevor ein Stillstand einge¬ treten ist.3. Electronic control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the computing device is the control device of the internal combustion engine, which determines the expected parking position before a standstill has occurred.
4. Elektronisches Steuersystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß laufend der Drehzahl- gradient ermittelt wird und die Minimaldrehzahl abhängig vom Drehzahlgradienten festgelegt wird.4. Electronic control system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the speed gradient is continuously determined and the minimum speed is determined depending on the speed gradient.
5. Elektronisches Steuersystem nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sobald vom Steuergerät eine Startanforderung für die Brennkraftmaschine erkannt wird, in dem Zylinder, in dem vor dem Abschalten noch Kraftstoff ein¬ gespritzt wurde, eine Zündung ausgelöst wird.5. Electronic control system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that as soon as a start request for the internal combustion engine is recognized by the control unit, an ignition is triggered in the cylinder in which fuel was still injected before switching off.
6. Elektronisches Steuersystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Drehbeginn, jedoch noch vor der Synchronisation weitere Einspritzungen und/oder Zündungen ausgelöst werden, wobei die zugehörigen Zylinder vom Steuergerät unter Berücksichtigung der abge¬ speicherten Abstellposition der Brennkraftmaschine ermittelt werden.6. Electronic control system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after the start of rotation, but before the synchronization, further injections and / or ignitions are triggered, the associated cylinders being determined by the control device taking into account the stored storage position of the internal combustion engine.
7. Elektronisches Steuersystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Geber zur Erken¬ nung der Winkellage der Kurbel- und/oder Nockenwelle Abso- lutgeber sind oder eine Auslauferkennung durchgeführt wird, die die Winkelstellungen in der Abstellposition abspeichern.7. Electronic control system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensors for detecting the angular position of the crankshaft and / or camshaft are absolute sensors or a run-out detection is carried out which stores the angular positions in the storage position.
8. Elektronisches Steuersystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es in Verbindung mit Start/Stop-Automatiksystemen eingesetzt wird. 8. Electronic control system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is used in conjunction with automatic start / stop systems.
EP96908000A 1995-07-27 1996-04-03 Electronic control system for an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0784745B1 (en)

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DE19527503A1 (en) 1997-01-30
JPH10506694A (en) 1998-06-30
EP0784745B1 (en) 1999-01-27
WO1997005372A1 (en) 1997-02-13
JP3957752B2 (en) 2007-08-15
DE59601222D1 (en) 1999-03-11

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