EP0780655A1 - Heat exchanger with brazed header box, in particular for automotive vehicle - Google Patents

Heat exchanger with brazed header box, in particular for automotive vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0780655A1
EP0780655A1 EP96119862A EP96119862A EP0780655A1 EP 0780655 A1 EP0780655 A1 EP 0780655A1 EP 96119862 A EP96119862 A EP 96119862A EP 96119862 A EP96119862 A EP 96119862A EP 0780655 A1 EP0780655 A1 EP 0780655A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
heat exchanger
tubes
fluid box
shaped groove
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96119862A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Carlos Martins
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Climatisation SA
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Valeo Climatisation SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Climatisation SA filed Critical Valeo Climatisation SA
Publication of EP0780655A1 publication Critical patent/EP0780655A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F28F9/182—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding the heat-exchange conduits having ends with a particular shape, e.g. deformed; the heat-exchange conduits or end plates having supplementary joining means, e.g. abutments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/04—Fastening; Joining by brazing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
    • F28F9/262—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators for radiators
    • F28F9/268—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators for radiators by permanent joints, e.g. by welding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger with a brazed fluid box, in particular for a motor vehicle.
  • an exchanger of the type comprising a multiplicity of tubes each having an oblong section body connected to a different section end by means of a transition part, a multiplicity of spacers disposed between the tubes, as well as 'a collecting plate having a bottom crossed by the ends of the tubes and a peripheral edge for brazing a wall of a fluid box.
  • a heat exchanger of this type is described in particular in the publication of Patent FR-A-2 711 236. It can be used in particular in motor vehicles with thermal engine to constitute either an engine cooling radiator or a heating radiator of the passenger compartment.
  • the tubes of such an exchanger generally have a flattened cross section which connects to a less oblong section end, generally of oval shape or close to a circle, and this by means of a transition part which comprises the more often two opposite walls in the shape of a V. This transition part extends over an axial length or reduced height, but not negligible.
  • the spacers of such a heat exchanger are usually made in the form of corrugated fins which are arranged between the bodies of the tubes and this up to the level of the connection of the bodies of the tubes with the corresponding transition parts.
  • the peripheral edge of the collector plate is produced in the form of a simple fallen edge which is connected at right angles to the bottom and which allows the interlocking of the wall of the fluid box for the brazing of the latter with the collector plate.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the peripheral edge of the collector plate forms a U-shaped groove limited by an inner wall which extends perpendicular to the bottom of the collector plate, on the side spacers, and over a height adapted to the height of the transition part, by an outer wall forming a rim and by a bottom wall connecting the inner and outer walls of the U-shaped groove, so that the latter provide between them a interval substantially equal to the thickness of the wall of the fluid box for its assembly by brazing.
  • peripheral edge of the collector plate delimits a groove for the fitting of the wall of the fluid box.
  • the peripheral edge thus forms a sort of skirt which comes to surround the free space defined between the bottom of the collector plate and the spacers.
  • the skirt thus formed extends over a height which corresponds substantially to the height of the free space provided between the bottom of the header plate and corrugated spacers.
  • the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove comes into contact with at least part of the corrugated spacers.
  • the thermal performance of the heat exchanger is thus optimized.
  • the outer wall of the U-shaped groove extends over a height at least equal to that of the inner wall. This contributes to a better fitting of the wall of the fluid box in the U-shaped groove of the manifold plate.
  • the outer wall of the U-shaped groove is extended, from place to place, by clamping lugs capable of facilitating the immobilization of the wall of the fluid box relative to the manifold plate for their assembly. by soldering.
  • the wall of the fluid box is advantageously provided with an external solder plating, which allows brazing to be carried out between the wall of the fluid box and the external wall of the U-shaped groove.
  • the wall of the fluid box is provided with an internal plating of solder, which allows a brazing to be carried out between the wall of the fluid box and the internal wall of the U-shaped groove.
  • the collector plate is provided with a solder plating on an internal face of the walls of the U-shaped groove, which allows brazing on both sides of the wall of the fluid box.
  • the tubes have a body of flattened section and a less flattened end of section, approaching the shape of an oval, so that the transition part has two opposite faces in V.
  • the heat exchanger comprises two rows of tubes arranged in pairs.
  • the ends of the tubes are connected by brazing to collars surrounding the holes in the collector plate.
  • the heat exchanger shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises a multiplicity of tubes 10 each having a body 12 of flattened cross section connected to one end 14 of different cross section, in the example of substantially oval shape ( Figure 3), by through a transition part 16.
  • the latter has two opposite and inclined faces 18 in the form of a V.
  • Each of the inclined faces 18 connects a large face 20 of the body of the tube to a homologous face 22 of the end of the tube.
  • the tubes 10 can be produced, for example, as described in publication FR-A-2 715 216 or publication FR-A-2 715217.
  • the tubes 10 are arranged so as to form a bundle 24 comprising two rows R1 and R2 of tubes (FIG. 2), the latter being arranged in pairs by being joined together along a common generator G (FIGS. 2 and 3) so that the main axes A of the two tubes of the same pair are in line with one another ( Figure 3).
  • spacers 26 of corrugated shape forming fins are arranged between the tubes 10 between the tubes 10 between the tubes 10 between the tubes 10. These spacers extend over the entire length of the bodies 12 of the tubes and each has an end 28 which is located at the connection of the body 12 and the transition part 16. In other words, there are no corrugated spacers on the entire height, or axial length of the tubes, corresponding to the transition section.
  • the heat exchanger further comprises a collecting plate 30 having a bottom 32 of generally rectangular shape, in which are formed a multiplicity of holes 34 each surrounded by a collar 36 to receive respectively the ends 14 of the tubes 10. These ends 14 are fitted into the collars 36 so as to be assembled to the latter by brazing.
  • the collector plate 30 comprises a peripheral edge 38, to which we will return later, for the fitting and brazing of a fluid box 40.
  • the latter comprises a bottom wall 42 of generally rectangular shape connected to a continuous side wall 44 delimiting an open face of generally rectangular shape.
  • a longitudinal partition 46 which delimits two compartments 48 and 50 communicating respectively with the tubes of row R1 and the tubes of row R2.
  • the peripheral edge 38 of the collector plate 30 forms a U-shaped groove bounded by an inner wall 52 which extends perpendicular to the bottom 32 of the collector plate on the side opposite to the fluid box 40, that is to say of the side of the inserts 26.
  • the inner wall 52 extends over a height H1 adapted to the height H2 of the transition part 16. In the example, the heights H1 and H2 are substantially equal.
  • the inner wall 52 is connected to an outer wall 54 which, in the example ( Figures 1 and 2), which extends parallel to the inner wall 50 to form a rim.
  • the outer wall 54 extends over a height H3 slightly greater than the height H1 of the interior wall.
  • the inner wall 52 and the outer wall 54 are interconnected by a bottom wall 56 of substantially semi-circular section.
  • the walls 52 and 54 provide between them an interval I substantially equal to the thickness of the wall 44 of the fluid box, with a view to their connection by brazing (FIG. 2).
  • the outer wall 54 is extended, from place to place, by clamping lugs 58 (FIGS. 1 and 2) capable of exerting pressure on the side wall 44 of the fluid box so as to immobilize this fluid box relative to the collector plate 30 for their assembly by brazing.
  • the collector plate comprises a folded tab 60 (FIG. 1) which can serve, for example, as a fixing tab.
  • the peripheral edge 38 of the collector plate thus delimits a U-shaped groove which allows the interlocking and immobilization of the side wall 44 of the fluid box relative to the collector plate for their subsequent connection by brazing.
  • all the components of the heat exchanger namely the tubes 10, the spacers 26, the collecting plate 30, the fluid box 40 and the longitudinal partition 46, are metal parts, advantageously made of aluminum, intended to be linked together by soldering. It is necessary for this to provide a solder plating in appropriate places of the parts.
  • the wall 44 of the fluid box 40 is provided with an outer cladding of brazing 62, which enables brazing B to be carried out between the wall 44 of the fluid box and the external wall 54 of the U-shaped groove delimited by the peripheral edge 38.
  • the wall 44 of the fluid box is provided with an inner plating of solder 64, which allows a brazing B to be carried out between the wall 44 of the fluid box and the inner wall. 52 of the U-shaped groove delimited by the peripheral edge 38.
  • the collector plate is provided with an inner solder plating 66 which extends on an inner face of the walls 52, 54 and 56 of the U-shaped groove. This allows soldering to be carried out.
  • double B that is to say on both sides of the wall 44 of the fluid box.
  • the bottom wall 56 of the U-shaped groove bears against the ends 28 of the corrugated spacers 26, thus forming a sort of skirt, of generally rectangular outline, which circumscribes the free space E comprised between the ends 28 spacers 26 and the bottom 32 of the header plate, and which until now was occupied by a seal, generally of the foam type.
  • the tubes 10 of the bundle can be connected, either to another fluid box, or by U-bends.
  • the heat exchanger of the invention is intended very particularly to be used, either as a radiator for cooling a vehicle heat engine, or as a radiator for heating the passenger compartment of a vehicle.
  • the heat exchanger can include one or more rows of tubes.
  • the tubes can be joined or not joined.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)

Abstract

The heat exchanger consists of a series of oblong-section tubes (10) with spacers between. It is joined to a collector plate (30) which has the outer wall (44) of the fluid tank (40) brazed to it. The outer edge of the collector plate has a U-section recess bounded by an inner wall (52) lying perpendicular to the base of the plate and having a depth corresponding to the length of the transitional section of each tube. The outer wall (54) and base (56) of the collector plate recess are shaped so that they form a gap with the inner wall which is more or less equivalent to the thickness of the fluid tank's wall (44). The outer wall (54) of the recess is at least as deep as the inner one and has locking lugs at intervals to fix the tank in place during assembly and prior to brazing.

Description

L'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur à boîte à fluide brasée, en particulier pour véhicule automobile.The invention relates to a heat exchanger with a brazed fluid box, in particular for a motor vehicle.

Elle concerne plus particulièrement un échangeur du type comprenant une multiplicité de tubes présentant chacun un corps de section oblongue raccordé à une extrémité de section différente par l'intermédiaire d'une partie de transition, une multiplicité d'intercalaires disposés entre les tubes, ainsi qu'une plaque collectrice présentant un fond traversé par les extrémités des tubes et un bord périphérique pour le brasage d'une paroi de boite à fluide.It relates more particularly to an exchanger of the type comprising a multiplicity of tubes each having an oblong section body connected to a different section end by means of a transition part, a multiplicity of spacers disposed between the tubes, as well as 'a collecting plate having a bottom crossed by the ends of the tubes and a peripheral edge for brazing a wall of a fluid box.

Un échangeur de chaleur de ce type est décrit notamment dans la publication de Brevet FR-A-2 711 236. Il peut être utilisé notamment dans les véhicules automobiles à moteur thermique pour constituer soit un radiateur de refroidissement du moteur, soit un radiateur de chauffage de l'habitacle.A heat exchanger of this type is described in particular in the publication of Patent FR-A-2 711 236. It can be used in particular in motor vehicles with thermal engine to constitute either an engine cooling radiator or a heating radiator of the passenger compartment.

Les tubes d'un tel échangeur ont généralement une section transversale aplatie qui se raccorde à une extrémité de section moins oblongue, généralement de forme ovale ou proche d'un cercle, et cela par l'intermédiaire d'une partie de transition qui comporte le plus souvent deux parois opposées en forme de V. Cette partie de transition s'étend sur une longueur axiale ou hauteur réduite, mais non négligeable.The tubes of such an exchanger generally have a flattened cross section which connects to a less oblong section end, generally of oval shape or close to a circle, and this by means of a transition part which comprises the more often two opposite walls in the shape of a V. This transition part extends over an axial length or reduced height, but not negligible.

Les intercalaires d'un tel échangeur de chaleur sont habituellement réalisés sous la forme d'ailettes ondulées qui sont disposées entre les corps des tubes et cela jusqu'au niveau du raccordement des corps des tubes avec les parties de transition correspondantes.The spacers of such a heat exchanger are usually made in the form of corrugated fins which are arranged between the bodies of the tubes and this up to the level of the connection of the bodies of the tubes with the corresponding transition parts.

Par ailleurs, dans les échangeurs de chaleur connus de ce type, le bord périphérique de la plaque collectrice est réalisé sous la forme d'un simple bord tombé qui se raccorde à angle droit avec le fond et qui permet l'emboîtement de la paroi de boîte à fluide pour le brasage de cette dernière avec la plaque collectrice.Furthermore, in known heat exchangers of this type, the peripheral edge of the collector plate is produced in the form of a simple fallen edge which is connected at right angles to the bottom and which allows the interlocking of the wall of the fluid box for the brazing of the latter with the collector plate.

Il existe de ce fait un espace libre entre le fond de la plaque collectrice et les intercalaires ondulés, c'est-à-dire la dernière ailette du faisceau.There is therefore a free space between the bottom of the collector plate and the corrugated spacers, that is to say the last fin of the bundle.

La présence d'un tel espace libre est préjudiciable au bon fonctionnement de l'échangeur de chaleur étant donné qu'une fraction du flux d'air balayant le faisceau de tubes a tendance à passer par cet intervalle sans permettre la réalisation d'un échange de chaleur avec le fluide, généralement de l'eau, qui circule dans les tubes du faisceau.The presence of such a free space is detrimental to the proper functioning of the heat exchanger since a fraction of the air flow sweeping the bundle of tubes tends to pass through this interval without allowing an exchange to be carried out. heat with the fluid, usually water, that flows through the bundle tubes.

Pour éviter cet inconvénient, il est connu de disposer un joint, généralement de type mousse, dans l'espace libre ainsi ménagé entre les intercalaires et le fond de la plaque collectrice, pour interdire le passage du flux d'air dans cet espace.To avoid this drawback, it is known to have a seal, generally of the foam type, in the free space thus formed between the spacers and the bottom of the collector plate, to prevent the passage of the air flow in this space.

Cette solution n'est pas satisfaisante car, d'une part, un tel joint vieillit mal et a tendance à se désagréger et, d'autre part, l'espace libre occupé par le joint contribue à l'encombrement de l'échangeur de chaleur.This solution is not satisfactory because, on the one hand, such a seal does not age well and tends to fall apart and, on the other hand, the free space occupied by the seal contributes to the size of the heat exchanger. heat.

L'invention a notamment pour but de surmonter les inconvénients précités.The object of the invention is in particular to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.

Elle propose, à cet effet, un échangeur de chaleur du type défini en introduction, dans lequel le bord périphérique de la plaque collectrice forme une gorge en U limitée par une paroi intérieure qui s'étend perpendiculairement au fond de la plaque collectrice, du côté des intercalaires, et sur une hauteur adaptée à la hauteur de la partie de transition, par une paroi extérieure formant rebord et par une paroi de fond reliant les parois intérieure et extérieure de la gorge en U, en sorte que ces dernières ménagent entre elles un intervalle sensiblement égal à l'épaisseur de la paroi de la boîte à fluide pour son assemblage par brasage.To this end, it proposes a heat exchanger of the type defined in the introduction, in which the peripheral edge of the collector plate forms a U-shaped groove limited by an inner wall which extends perpendicular to the bottom of the collector plate, on the side spacers, and over a height adapted to the height of the transition part, by an outer wall forming a rim and by a bottom wall connecting the inner and outer walls of the U-shaped groove, so that the latter provide between them a interval substantially equal to the thickness of the wall of the fluid box for its assembly by brazing.

Ainsi, le bord périphérique de la plaque collectrice délimite une gorge pour l'emboîtement de la paroi de la boîte à fluide.Thus, the peripheral edge of the collector plate delimits a groove for the fitting of the wall of the fluid box.

Comme cette gorge s'étend à partir de la plaque collectrice, et du côté des intercalaires, le bord périphérique forme ainsi une sorte de jupe qui vient ceinturer l'espace libre défini entre le fond de la plaque collectrice et les intercalaires.As this groove extends from the collector plate, and on the side of the spacers, the peripheral edge thus forms a sort of skirt which comes to surround the free space defined between the bottom of the collector plate and the spacers.

La hauteur de la paroi intérieure de cette gorge en U étant adaptée à celle de la partie de transition des tubes, la jupe ainsi formée s'étend sur une hauteur qui correspond sensiblement à la hauteur de l'espace libre ménagé entre le fond de la plaque collectrice et les intercalaires ondulés.The height of the internal wall of this U-shaped groove being adapted to that of the transition part of the tubes, the skirt thus formed extends over a height which corresponds substantially to the height of the free space provided between the bottom of the header plate and corrugated spacers.

De ce fait, il n'est plus nécessaire de prévoir un joint d'étanchéité, par exemple un joint en mousse, dans l'espace libre ainsi formé.Therefore, it is no longer necessary to provide a seal, for example a foam seal, in the free space thus formed.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la paroi de fond de la gorge en U vient en contact avec une partie au moins des intercalaires ondulés.According to another characteristic of the invention, the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove comes into contact with at least part of the corrugated spacers.

Ainsi, lorsque le faisceau de tubes de l'échangeur de chaleur est balayé par un flux d'air, il n'existe pas de risques qu'une fraction de ce flux d'air passe dans l'espace libre ménagé entre la plaque collectrice et les intercalaires.Thus, when the bundle of tubes of the heat exchanger is swept by an air flow, there is no risk that a fraction of this air flow will pass into the free space provided between the collector plate. and the dividers.

Les performances thermiques de l'échangeur de chaleur sont ainsi optimisées.The thermal performance of the heat exchanger is thus optimized.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la paroi extérieure de la gorge en U s'étend sur une hauteur au moins égale à celle de la paroi intérieure. Ceci contribue à un meilleur emboîtement de la paroi de la boîte à fluide dans la gorge en U de la plaque collectrice.According to another characteristic of the invention, the outer wall of the U-shaped groove extends over a height at least equal to that of the inner wall. This contributes to a better fitting of the wall of the fluid box in the U-shaped groove of the manifold plate.

De façon avantageuse, la paroi extérieure de la gorge en U se prolonge, de place en place, par des pattes de serrage propres à faciliter l'immobilisation de la paroi de la boîte à fluide par rapport à la plaque collectrice en vue de leur assemblage par brasage.Advantageously, the outer wall of the U-shaped groove is extended, from place to place, by clamping lugs capable of facilitating the immobilization of the wall of the fluid box relative to the manifold plate for their assembly. by soldering.

La paroi de la boîte à fluide est avantageusement munie d'un placage extérieur de brasure, ce qui permet de réaliser un brasage entre la paroi de la boîte à fluide et la paroi extérieure de la gorge en U.The wall of the fluid box is advantageously provided with an external solder plating, which allows brazing to be carried out between the wall of the fluid box and the external wall of the U-shaped groove.

Dans une variante de réalisation, la paroi de la boîte à fluide est munie d'un placage intérieur de brasure, ce qui permet de réaliser un brasage entre la paroi de la boîte à fluide et la paroi intérieure de la gorge en U.In an alternative embodiment, the wall of the fluid box is provided with an internal plating of solder, which allows a brazing to be carried out between the wall of the fluid box and the internal wall of the U-shaped groove.

Dans une autre variante, la plaque collectrice est munie d'un placage de brasure sur une face interne des parois de la gorge en U, ce qui permet de réaliser un brasage des deux côtés de la paroi de la boîte à fluide.In another variant, the collector plate is provided with a solder plating on an internal face of the walls of the U-shaped groove, which allows brazing on both sides of the wall of the fluid box.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les tubes ont un corps de section aplatie et une extrémité de section moins aplatie, s'approchant de la forme d'un ovale, en sorte que la partie de transition comporte deux faces opposées en V.According to another characteristic of the invention, the tubes have a body of flattened section and a less flattened end of section, approaching the shape of an oval, so that the transition part has two opposite faces in V.

Avantageusement, l'échangeur de chaleur comprend deux rangées de tubes disposées par paires.Advantageously, the heat exchanger comprises two rows of tubes arranged in pairs.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les extrémités des tubes sont liées par brasage à des collets entourant les trous de la plaque collectrice.According to another characteristic of the invention, the ends of the tubes are connected by brazing to collars surrounding the holes in the collector plate.

On peut ainsi réaliser un échangeur de chaleur dont tous les composants sont liés entre eux par brasage.It is thus possible to produce a heat exchanger of which all the components are linked together by brazing.

Dans la description qui suit, faite seulement à titre d'exemple, on se réfère au dessin annexé, sur lequel :

  • la figure 1 est une vue partielle de côté, avec arrachement, d'un échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne II-II de la figure 1;
  • la figure 3 est une vue d'extrémité de deux tubes adjacents faisant partie de l'échangeur de chaleur des figures 1 et 2; et
  • les figures 4, 5 et 6 sont des vues en coupe partielle de l'assemblage par brasage de la gorge en U d'une plaque collectrice et d'une paroi de boîte à fluide, respectivement dans trois variantes de réalisation.
In the description which follows, given solely by way of example, reference is made to the appended drawing, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a partial side view, cut away, of a heat exchanger according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view along line II-II of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is an end view of two adjacent tubes forming part of the heat exchanger of Figures 1 and 2; and
  • Figures 4, 5 and 6 are views in partial section of the assembly by brazing the U-shaped groove of a manifold plate and a wall of the fluid box, respectively in three alternative embodiments.

L'échangeur de chaleur représenté aux figures 1 et 2 comprend une multiplicité de tubes 10 présentant chacun un corps 12 de section transversale aplatie raccordé à une extrémité 14 de section transversale différente, dans l'exemple de forme sensiblement ovale (figure 3), par l'intermédiaire d'une partie de transition 16. Dans l'exemple, cette dernière comporte deux faces opposées et inclinées 18 en forme de V. Chacune des faces inclinées 18 relie une grande face 20 du corps du tube à une face homologue 22 de l'extrémité du tube. Les tubes 10 peuvent être réalisés, par exemple, comme décrit dans la publication FR-A-2 715 216 ou la publication FR-A-2 715217.The heat exchanger shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises a multiplicity of tubes 10 each having a body 12 of flattened cross section connected to one end 14 of different cross section, in the example of substantially oval shape (Figure 3), by through a transition part 16. In the example, the latter has two opposite and inclined faces 18 in the form of a V. Each of the inclined faces 18 connects a large face 20 of the body of the tube to a homologous face 22 of the end of the tube. The tubes 10 can be produced, for example, as described in publication FR-A-2 715 216 or publication FR-A-2 715217.

Les tubes 10 sont disposés de manière à former un faisceau 24 comprenant deux rangées R1 et R2 de tubes (figure 2), ces derniers étant disposés par paires en étant accolés le long d'une génératrice commune G (figures 2 et 3) en sorte que les grands axes A des deux tubes d'une même paire soient dans le prolongement l'un de l'autre (figure 3).The tubes 10 are arranged so as to form a bundle 24 comprising two rows R1 and R2 of tubes (FIG. 2), the latter being arranged in pairs by being joined together along a common generator G (FIGS. 2 and 3) so that the main axes A of the two tubes of the same pair are in line with one another (Figure 3).

Entre les tubes 10 sont disposés des intercalaires 26 de forme ondulée formant ailettes. Ces intercalaires s'étendent sur toute la longueur des corps 12 des tubes et ils présentent chacun une extrémité 28 qui est située au raccordement du corps 12 et de la partie de transition 16. Autrement dit, il n'existe pas d'intercalaires ondulés sur toute la hauteur, ou longueur axiale des tubes, correspondant à la section de transition.Between the tubes 10 are arranged spacers 26 of corrugated shape forming fins. These spacers extend over the entire length of the bodies 12 of the tubes and each has an end 28 which is located at the connection of the body 12 and the transition part 16. In other words, there are no corrugated spacers on the entire height, or axial length of the tubes, corresponding to the transition section.

L'échangeur de chaleur comprend en outre une plaque collectrice 30 présentant un fond 32 de forme générale rectangulaire, dans lequel sont ménagés une multiplicité de trous 34 entourés chacun par un collet 36 pour recevoir respectivement les extrémités 14 des tubes 10. Ces extrémités 14 sont emboîtées dans les collets 36 afin d'être assemblées à ces derniers par brasage.The heat exchanger further comprises a collecting plate 30 having a bottom 32 of generally rectangular shape, in which are formed a multiplicity of holes 34 each surrounded by a collar 36 to receive respectively the ends 14 of the tubes 10. These ends 14 are fitted into the collars 36 so as to be assembled to the latter by brazing.

En outre, la plaque collectrice 30 comprend un bord périphérique 38, sur lequel on reviendra plus loin, pour l'emboîtement et le brasage d'une boîte à fluide 40. Cette dernière comporte une paroi de fond 42 de forme générale rectangulaire raccordée à une paroi latérale continue 44 délimitant une face ouverte de forme générale rectangulaire.In addition, the collector plate 30 comprises a peripheral edge 38, to which we will return later, for the fitting and brazing of a fluid box 40. The latter comprises a bottom wall 42 of generally rectangular shape connected to a continuous side wall 44 delimiting an open face of generally rectangular shape.

Entre la plaque collectrice 30 et la paroi de fond 42 de la boîte à fluide 40 est disposée et brasée une cloison longitudinale 46 qui délimite deux compartiments 48 et 50 communiquant respectivement avec les tubes de la rangée R1 et les tubes de la rangée R2.Between the collecting plate 30 and the bottom wall 42 of the fluid box 40 is disposed and brazed a longitudinal partition 46 which delimits two compartments 48 and 50 communicating respectively with the tubes of row R1 and the tubes of row R2.

Le bord périphérique 38 de la plaque collectrice 30 forme une gorge en U limitée par une paroi intérieure 52 qui s'étend perpendiculairement au fond 32 de la plaque collectrice du côté opposé à la boîte à fluide 40, c'est-à-dire du côté des intercalaires 26. La paroi intérieure 52 s'étend sur une hauteur H1 adaptée à la hauteur H2 de la partie de transition 16. Dans l'exemple, les hauteurs H1 et H2 sont sensiblement égales. La paroi intérieure 52 se raccorde à une paroi extérieure 54 qui, dans l'exemple (figures 1 et 2), qui s'étend parallèlement à la paroi intérieure 50 pour former un rebord. Dans l'exemple, la paroi extérieure 54 s'étend sur une hauteur H3 légèrement supérieure à la hauteur H1 de la paroi intérieure. La paroi intérieure 52 et la paroi extérieure 54 sont reliées entre elles par une paroi de fond 56 de section sensiblement semi-circulaire.The peripheral edge 38 of the collector plate 30 forms a U-shaped groove bounded by an inner wall 52 which extends perpendicular to the bottom 32 of the collector plate on the side opposite to the fluid box 40, that is to say of the side of the inserts 26. The inner wall 52 extends over a height H1 adapted to the height H2 of the transition part 16. In the example, the heights H1 and H2 are substantially equal. The inner wall 52 is connected to an outer wall 54 which, in the example (Figures 1 and 2), which extends parallel to the inner wall 50 to form a rim. In the example, the outer wall 54 extends over a height H3 slightly greater than the height H1 of the interior wall. The inner wall 52 and the outer wall 54 are interconnected by a bottom wall 56 of substantially semi-circular section.

Les parois 52 et 54 ménagent entre elles un intervalle I sensiblement égal à l'épaisseur de la paroi 44 de la boîte à fluide, en vue de leur liaison par brasage (figure 2).The walls 52 and 54 provide between them an interval I substantially equal to the thickness of the wall 44 of the fluid box, with a view to their connection by brazing (FIG. 2).

La paroi extérieure 54 se prolonge, de place en place, par des pattes de serrage 58 (figures 1 et 2) propres à exercer une pression sur la paroi latérale 44 de la boîte à fluide de manière à immobiliser cette boîte à fluide par rapport à la plaque collectrice 30 en vue de leur assemblage par brasage. En outre, la plaque collectrice comprend une patte repliée 60 (figure 1) pouvant servir par exemple de patte de fixation.The outer wall 54 is extended, from place to place, by clamping lugs 58 (FIGS. 1 and 2) capable of exerting pressure on the side wall 44 of the fluid box so as to immobilize this fluid box relative to the collector plate 30 for their assembly by brazing. In addition, the collector plate comprises a folded tab 60 (FIG. 1) which can serve, for example, as a fixing tab.

Le bord périphérique 38 de la plaque collectrice délimite ainsi une gorge en U qui permet l'emboîtement et l'immobilisation de la paroi latérale 44 de la boîte à fluide par rapport à la plaque collectrice en vue de leur liaison ultérieure par brasage.The peripheral edge 38 of the collector plate thus delimits a U-shaped groove which allows the interlocking and immobilization of the side wall 44 of the fluid box relative to the collector plate for their subsequent connection by brazing.

Dans l'exemple, tous les composants de l'échangeur de chaleur, à savoir les tubes 10, les intercalaires 26, la plaque collectrice 30, la boîte à fluide 40 et la cloison longitudinale 46, sont des pièces métalliques, avantageusement en aluminium, destinées à être liées entre elles par brasage. Il est nécessaire pour cela de prévoir un placage de brasure en des endroits appropriés des pièces.In the example, all the components of the heat exchanger, namely the tubes 10, the spacers 26, the collecting plate 30, the fluid box 40 and the longitudinal partition 46, are metal parts, advantageously made of aluminum, intended to be linked together by soldering. It is necessary for this to provide a solder plating in appropriate places of the parts.

On décrira maintenant plusieurs variantes de réalisation, en référence aux figures 4 à 6, pour l'assemblage par brasage de la boîte à fluide 40 avec la plaque collectrice 30.Several variant embodiments will now be described, with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6, for the assembly by brazing of the fluid box 40 with the collector plate 30.

Dans la forme de réalisation de la figure 4, la paroi 44 de la boîte à fluide 40 est munie d'un placage extérieur de brasure 62, ce qui permet de réaliser un brasage B entre la paroi 44 de la boîte à fluide et la paroi extérieure 54 de la gorge en U délimitée par le bord périphérique 38.In the embodiment of Figure 4, the wall 44 of the fluid box 40 is provided with an outer cladding of brazing 62, which enables brazing B to be carried out between the wall 44 of the fluid box and the external wall 54 of the U-shaped groove delimited by the peripheral edge 38.

Dans la forme de réalisation de la figure 5, la paroi 44 de la boîte à fluide est munie d'un placage intérieur de brasure 64, ce qui permet de réaliser un brasage B entre la paroi 44 de la boîte à fluide et la paroi intérieure 52 de la gorge en U délimitée par le bord périphérique 38.In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the wall 44 of the fluid box is provided with an inner plating of solder 64, which allows a brazing B to be carried out between the wall 44 of the fluid box and the inner wall. 52 of the U-shaped groove delimited by the peripheral edge 38.

Dans la forme de réalisation de la figure 6, la plaque collectrice est munie d'un placage de brasure intérieur 66 qui s'étend sur une face interne des parois 52, 54 et 56 de la gorge en U. Ceci permet de réaliser un brasage double B, c'est-à-dire des deux côtés de la paroi 44 de la boîte à fluide.In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the collector plate is provided with an inner solder plating 66 which extends on an inner face of the walls 52, 54 and 56 of the U-shaped groove. This allows soldering to be carried out. double B, that is to say on both sides of the wall 44 of the fluid box.

La paroi de fond 56 de la gorge en U (figure 1) vient en appui contre les extrémités 28 des intercalaires ondulés 26 en formant ainsi une sorte de jupe, de contour général rectangulaire, qui circonscrit l'espace libre E compris entre les extrémités 28 des intercalaires 26 et le fond 32 de la plaque collectrice, et qui jusqu'à présent était occupé par un joint, généralement de type mousse.The bottom wall 56 of the U-shaped groove (FIG. 1) bears against the ends 28 of the corrugated spacers 26, thus forming a sort of skirt, of generally rectangular outline, which circumscribes the free space E comprised between the ends 28 spacers 26 and the bottom 32 of the header plate, and which until now was occupied by a seal, generally of the foam type.

Ainsi, lorsqu'un flux d' air balaie le faisceau 24, il n'existe aucun risque pour qu'une fraction de ce flux d'air soit dérivée et passe par cet espace E, sans assurer d'échange thermique.Thus, when an air flow scans the beam 24, there is no risk that a fraction of this air flow is diverted and passes through this space E, without ensuring heat exchange.

Il en résulte une meilleure efficacité thermique de l'échangeur de chaleur, ce qui permet, à performances égales, de diminuer son encombrement global.This results in better thermal efficiency of the heat exchanger, which allows, for equal performance, to reduce its overall size.

A leur autre extrémité, les tubes 10 du faisceau peuvent être raccordés, soit à une autre boîte à fluide, soit par des coudes en U.At their other end, the tubes 10 of the bundle can be connected, either to another fluid box, or by U-bends.

Après assemblage des différentes pièces constitutives de l'échangeur de chaleur, celui-ci est placé dans un four approprié pour permettre la fusion de l'alliage de brasure et l'assemblage définitif des différentes pièces entre elles.After assembly of the different constituent parts of the heat exchanger, it is placed in an appropriate oven to allow the fusion of the brazing alloy and the final assembly of the different parts together.

L'échangeur de chaleur de l'invention est destiné tout particulièrement à être utilisé, soit comme radiateur pour le refroidissement d'un moteur thermique de véhicule, soit comme radiateur pour le chauffage de l'habitacle d'un véhicule.The heat exchanger of the invention is intended very particularly to be used, either as a radiator for cooling a vehicle heat engine, or as a radiator for heating the passenger compartment of a vehicle.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux formes de réalisation décrites précédemment à titre d'exemple et s'étend à d'autres variantes.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above by way of example and extends to other variants.

Ainsi, l'échangeur de chaleur peut comporter une ou plusieurs rangées de tubes. Lorsqu'il comporte plusieurs rangées de tubes, les tubes peuvent être accolés ou non accolés.Thus, the heat exchanger can include one or more rows of tubes. When it has several rows of tubes, the tubes can be joined or not joined.

Claims (10)

Echangeur de chaleur comprenant une multiplicité de tubes (10) présentant chacun un corps (12) de section oblongue raccordé à une extrémité (14) de section différente par l'intermédiaire d'une partie de transition (16), une multiplicité d'intercalaires (26) disposés entre les tubes (10), ainsi qu'une plaque collectrice (30) présentant un fond (32) traversé par les extrémités des tubes et un bord périphérique (38) pour le brasage d'une paroi (44) de boîte à fluide (40),
caractérisé en ce que le bord périphérique (38) de la plaque collectrice (30) forme une gorge en U limitée par une paroi intérieure (52) qui s'étend perpendiculairement au fond (32) de la plaque collectrice (30), du côté des intercalaires (26), et sur une hauteur (H1) adaptée à la hauteur (H2) de la partie de transition (16), par une paroi extérieure (54) formant rebord et par une paroi de fond (56) reliant les parois intérieure et extérieure de la gorge en U, en sorte que ces dernières ménagent entre elles un intervalle (I) sensiblement égal à l'épaisseur de la paroi (44) de la boîte à fluide (40) pour son assemblage par brasage.Heat exchanger comprising a multiplicity of tubes (10) each having a body (12) of oblong section connected to an end (14) of different section via a transition part (16), a multiplicity of spacers (26) arranged between the tubes (10), as well as a collecting plate (30) having a bottom (32) crossed by the ends of the tubes and a peripheral edge (38) for brazing a wall (44) of fluid box (40),
characterized in that the peripheral edge (38) of the collector plate (30) forms a U-shaped groove bounded by an inner wall (52) which extends perpendicular to the bottom (32) of the collector plate (30), on the side spacers (26), and over a height (H1) adapted to the height (H2) of the transition part (16), by an outer wall (54) forming a rim and by a bottom wall (56) connecting the walls inside and outside of the U-shaped groove, so that the latter form between them a gap (I) substantially equal to the thickness of the wall (44) of the fluid box (40) for its assembly by brazing. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la paroi de fond (56) de la gorge en U délimitée par le bord périphérique (38) vient en contact avec une partie au moins des intercalaires (26).Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom wall (56) of the U-shaped groove delimited by the peripheral edge (38) comes into contact with at least part of the spacers (26). Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la paroi extérieure (54) de la gorge en U s'étend sur une hauteur (H3) au moins égale à la hauteur (H1) de la paroi intérieure (52).Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the outer wall (54) of the U-shaped groove extends over a height (H3) at least equal to the height (H1) of the inner wall (52). Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la paroi extérieure (54) de la gorge en U délimitée par le bord périphérique (38) se prolonge, de place en place, par des pattes de serrage (58) propres à faciliter l'immobilisation de la boîte à fluide (40) par rapport à la plaque collectrice (30) en vue de leur assemblage par brasage.Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outer wall (54) of the U-shaped groove delimited by the peripheral edge (38) is extended, from place to place, by clamping lugs ( 58) suitable for facilitating the immobilization of the fluid box (40) by relative to the collector plate (30) for their assembly by brazing. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la paroi (44) de la boîte à fluide (40) est munie d'un placage extérieur de brasure (62), ce qui permet de réaliser un brasage (B) entre la paroi (44) de la boîte à fluide et la paroi extérieure (54) de la gorge en U délimitée par le bord périphérique (38).Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wall (44) of the fluid box (40) is provided with an external solder plating (62), which allows soldering to be carried out (B) between the wall (44) of the fluid box and the outer wall (54) of the U-shaped groove delimited by the peripheral edge (38). Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la paroi (44) de la boîte à fluide est munie d'un placage intérieur de brasure (64), ce qui permet de réaliser un brasage (B) entre la paroi (44) de la boîte à fluide et la paroi intérieure (52) de la gorge en U délimitée par le bord périphérique (38).Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wall (44) of the fluid box is provided with an inner solder plating (64), which allows a soldering (B) between the wall (44) of the fluid box and the inner wall (52) of the U-shaped groove delimited by the peripheral edge (38). Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la plaque collectrice (30) est munie d'un placage de brasure sur une face interne des parois de la gorge en U délimitée par le bord périphérique (38), ce qui permet de réaliser un brasage (B) des deux côtés de la paroi (44) de la boîte à fluide.Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the collecting plate (30) is provided with a solder plating on an internal face of the walls of the U-shaped groove delimited by the peripheral edge (38) , which allows for brazing (B) on both sides of the wall (44) of the fluid box. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les tubes (10) ont un corps (12) de section aplatie et une extrémité (14) de section moins aplatie s'approchant de la forme d'un ovale, en sorte que la partie de transition (16) comporte deux faces opposées et inclinées (18) formant un V.Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the tubes (10) have a body (12) of flattened section and an end (14) of less flattened section approaching the shape of a oval, so that the transition part (16) has two opposite and inclined faces (18) forming a V. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux rangées (R1, R2) de tubes (10) disposées par paires.Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises two rows (R1, R2) of tubes (10) arranged in pairs. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les extrémités (14) des tubes (10) sont liées par brasage à des collets (36) entourant des trous (34) de la plaque collectrice (30).Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the ends (14) of the tubes (10) are connected by brazing to collars (36) surrounding the holes (34) of the collector plate (30) .
EP96119862A 1995-12-19 1996-12-11 Heat exchanger with brazed header box, in particular for automotive vehicle Withdrawn EP0780655A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9515073A FR2742535B1 (en) 1995-12-19 1995-12-19 BRAZED FLUID BOX HEAT EXCHANGER, ESPECIALLY FOR MOTOR VEHICLES
FR9515073 1995-12-19

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EP0780655A1 true EP0780655A1 (en) 1997-06-25

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JP (1) JPH09280774A (en)
KR (1) KR970047764A (en)
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FR2851331A1 (en) * 2003-02-19 2004-08-20 Valeo Climatisation Heat exchanger e.g. evaporator, collector box for vehicle, has distribution plate placed beside collector plate and delimiting entry and exit chamber for entry and exit of liquid in tubes of exchanger, respectively
WO2006082084A1 (en) * 2005-02-03 2006-08-10 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat exchanger
GB2491187A (en) * 2011-05-27 2012-11-28 Visteon Global Tech Inc Header for a heat exchanger
EP1431696A3 (en) * 2002-12-16 2012-12-05 Behr GmbH & Co. KG Heat exchanger, more particularly cooler for cooling liquid

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EP1728038B1 (en) * 2004-03-05 2011-07-27 Behr GmbH & Co. KG Device for replacing heat and method for the production thereof
JP2012145270A (en) * 2011-01-12 2012-08-02 Sanden Corp Heat exchanger
CN115574649B (en) * 2022-11-24 2023-03-14 四川科新机电股份有限公司 Double-tube-plate heat exchanger and machining and forming method thereof

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EP1431696A3 (en) * 2002-12-16 2012-12-05 Behr GmbH & Co. KG Heat exchanger, more particularly cooler for cooling liquid
FR2851331A1 (en) * 2003-02-19 2004-08-20 Valeo Climatisation Heat exchanger e.g. evaporator, collector box for vehicle, has distribution plate placed beside collector plate and delimiting entry and exit chamber for entry and exit of liquid in tubes of exchanger, respectively
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GB2491187A (en) * 2011-05-27 2012-11-28 Visteon Global Tech Inc Header for a heat exchanger
GB2491187B (en) * 2011-05-27 2014-02-26 Halla Visteon Climate Control Header for heat exchangers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR970047764A (en) 1997-07-26
JPH09280774A (en) 1997-10-31
FR2742535A1 (en) 1997-06-20
FR2742535B1 (en) 1998-01-30

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