EP0780552B1 - Exhaust system for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Exhaust system for motor vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0780552B1
EP0780552B1 EP96402533A EP96402533A EP0780552B1 EP 0780552 B1 EP0780552 B1 EP 0780552B1 EP 96402533 A EP96402533 A EP 96402533A EP 96402533 A EP96402533 A EP 96402533A EP 0780552 B1 EP0780552 B1 EP 0780552B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steel
central part
compris entre
degrees celsius
exhaust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP96402533A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0780552A1 (en
Inventor
Vincent Cholet
Dominique Spehner
Gilbert Duboueix
Philippe Guesdon
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Sollac SA
Original Assignee
Sollac SA
Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/16—Selection of particular materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F01N2510/08—Surface coverings for corrosion prevention

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an exhaust pipe motor vehicle.
  • a motor vehicle exhaust pipe is made up an outer shell, an inner shell and a central part made up of perforated pipes and assembled transverse partitions between them to form a chicane, called tripaille.
  • the central part of the exhaust pipes, as well as their inner shell must withstand very acidic and very basics of condensates that form during use when expansion therein of the burnt gases from the vehicle combustion engine automobile.
  • European Patent No. 007,131 describes such a particular type of enamel, the manufacturing and implementation of which complex and therefore entail an additional cost compared to the use of standard enamels.
  • the present invention provides an exhaust for motor vehicle, resistant to severe attack by condensates which are formed in its central part, and which is of a low cost.
  • an exhaust pipe motor vehicle consists of an outer casing 1, a inner casing 2 and a central part 3.
  • the central part 3 consists of perforated tubing 4 and transverse partitions 5 assembled together to form a baffle allowing the expansion of the burnt gases of the combustion engine of the motor vehicle.
  • Exhaust also includes tubing inlet 6, connecting it to the engine exhaust manifold and a outlet pipe 7 allowing gases to be evacuated to the atmosphere exhaust relaxed and rid of a certain amount of harmful particles.
  • the steel is obtained by hot rolling at a final rolling temperature exceeding the point Ar 3 to obtain a strip, which is coiled at a temperature above 600 degrees Celsius, and after cold rolling, is subjected to recrystallization annealing.
  • recrystallization annealing which can be indifferently a base bell annealing or a continuous annealing.
  • the strip winding temperature is greater than 700 degrees Celsius.
  • the steel is obtained by hot rolling at a final rolling temperature exceeding the point Ar 3 to obtain a strip, which is coiled at a temperature above 700 degrees Celsius, and after cold rolling, is subjected to recrystallization annealing. .
  • the strip winding temperature is greater than 750 degrees Celsius.
  • Annealing is a base decarburizing annealing in an expanded coil, that is to say a bell annealing of the coil wound in turns contiguous.
  • the non-contiguous turn coil is heated in a bell under HNx atmosphere up to about 600 degrees Celsius, then continue the annealing by subjecting it to a current of water vapour.
  • the steel is obtained by hot rolling at a final rolling temperature exceeding the point Ar 3 to obtain a strip, which is coiled at a temperature above 600 degrees Celsius, and after cold rolling, is subjected to recrystallization annealing. , basic annealing or continuous annealing.
  • the strip is wound at a temperature greater than 700 degrees Celsius.
  • the central part 3 can be made of an enameled steel exhaust pipe, perfectly resistant to corrosion, easy to use, using a standard type of enamel, while avoiding the defects linked to the annealing of enamel and defects of the "nail stroke defect" type, and which is low cost.
  • the inner casing 2 of the exhaust pipe can be made either of stainless steel or aluminized steel, as well as the outer casing 1.
  • the best compromise between efficiency, i.e. essentially corrosion resistance, and cost, consists in making either an exhaust pipe whose central part 3 and the inner envelope 2 are made of enamelled steel, the outer casing 1 being made of aluminized steel, ie an exhaust pipe whose central part 3 is in enamelled steel, the inner envelope 2 is in stainless steel and the outer casing 1 is made of aluminized steel.
  • Two exhaust pipes were produced with an envelope inner 2 in stainless steel, outer casing 1 in steel aluminized and a central part 3 in enamelled steel.
  • the steel was obtained by hot rolling at a temperature final rolling equal to 890 degrees Celsius to obtain a strip, which was wound at a temperature of 760 degrees Celsius, and after cold rolling, was subjected to recrystallization annealing in coil expanded.
  • This central part 3 was enameled by immersing it in a bath of enamel of common mass resistant to heat and corrosion, having the following composition in weight percent: S i O 2 54 Z r O 2 2 P 2 O 5 1 B 2 O 3 14 Al 2 O 3 3 C a O 4 B a O 5 Na 2 O 11 K 2 O 2 Li 2 O 2 N i O 1 C o O 0.5 C u O 0.5.
  • the steel was obtained by hot rolling at a temperature final rolling equal to 890 degrees Celsius to obtain a strip, which was wound at a temperature of 710 degrees Celsius, and after cold rolling, was subjected to continuous recrystallization annealing.
  • This central part 3 has been enamelled by immersing it in a bath of the same enamel as before.
  • the use of enamelled steels to make at least the central part of a pot exhaust said steel having a composition according to the invention, allows guarantee good resistance of the enamelled steel to the thermal shocks it undergoes in operation, that is to say that the cracking of the enamel is avoided.
  • steel containing in thousandths of a percent weight between 0 and 10 carbon and between 50 and 150 titanium has a better resistance to thermal shock than steel containing in thousandths of per hundred weight between 0 and 4 of carbon and between 0 and 10 of titanium, which still has very good resistance to thermal shock, better than standard mild steels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A vehicle engine exhaust silencer comprises outer and inner tubular shells (1,2), the inner shell (2) enclosing an assembly of perforated tubes (4) and transverse baffles (5) forming a chicane. The assembly (4,5) and possibly also the inner shell (2) are made of enamelled steel sheet, the steel containing by weight in thousandths of percent 0-100 carbon, 0-500 manganese, 0-30 phosphorus, 0-40 sulphur, 0-60 aluminium, 0-200 titanium, 0-6- copper, and 0-15 nitrogen and the remainder of iron and residual impurities. The steel is hot-rolled to form a strip with a final rolling temperature above point Ar3, wound into a roll at above 600 (preferably above 750 or 700) degrees C and thereafter cold-rolled and annealed prior to enamelling.

Description

La présente invention concerne un pot d'échappement de véhicule automobile.The present invention relates to an exhaust pipe motor vehicle.

Un pot d'échappement de véhicule automobile est constitué d'une enveloppe extérieure, une enveloppe intérieure et une partie centrale constituée de tubulures perforées et de cloisons transversales assemblées entre elles pour former une chicane, appelée tripaille.A motor vehicle exhaust pipe is made up an outer shell, an inner shell and a central part made up of perforated pipes and assembled transverse partitions between them to form a chicane, called tripaille.

La partie centrale des pots d'échappement, ainsi que leur enveloppe intérieure doivent résister aux agressions très acides et très basiques des condensats qui se forment en cours d'utilisation lors de la détente dans celui-ci des gaz brûlés du moteur à combustion du véhicule automobile.The central part of the exhaust pipes, as well as their inner shell must withstand very acidic and very basics of condensates that form during use when expansion therein of the burnt gases from the vehicle combustion engine automobile.

En effet, dans un pot d'échappement, circulent des condensats qui passent régulièrement en fonction de l'utilisation du véhicule automobile d'un pH égal à 2 à un pH égal à 12.In fact, in an exhaust pipe, condensates circulate that pass regularly depending on the use of the motor vehicle from pH 2 to pH 12.

Aussi pour pouvoir résister à la corrosion due à ce type d'agressions, il est connu de réaliser des pots d'échappement dont au moins la partie centrale et l'enveloppe intérieure sont réalisées en acier inoxydable.Also to be able to resist corrosion due to this type attacks, it is known to produce exhaust pipes of which at least the central part and the inner envelope are made of stainless steel.

L'inconvénient majeur de ce type de pot d'échappement réside dans son coût élevé du fait du coût élevé de l'acier inoxydable.The major drawback of this type of exhaust pipe is in its high cost due to the high cost of stainless steel.

Une solution pour réduire ce coût serait de réaliser des pots d'échappement dont la partie centrale est en acier émaillé.One solution to reduce this cost would be to make pots the central part of which is in enamelled steel.

Mais les émaux de masse du type courant présentent malheureusement plusieurs inconvénients.But the mass enamels of the current type present unfortunately several disadvantages.

D'une part, il y a des problèmes d'adhérence en particulier au niveau des arêtes vives de la partie centrale et surtout les arêtes des trous des tubulures perforées qui constituent ladite partie centrale.On the one hand, there are adhesion problems in particular at level of the sharp edges of the central part and especially the edges of the holes perforated tubes which constitute said central part.

D'autre part, on rencontre fréquemment des défauts de surface dits "défauts coup d'ongles" qui se traduisent par des petits arrachements d'émail en forme de demi-cercle.On the other hand, we frequently encounter surface defects called "nail blow defects" which result in small tears enamel in the shape of a semicircle.

Enfin, on se heurte à un problème de résistance à la chaleur insuffisante. En raison de l'effet recuisson que subit la partie centrale du pot d'échappement en fonctionnement, il apparaít de petites cloques dans les zones surchauffées de l'émail. Ce phénomène est encore appelé "effet rebouillonnement". Finally, we run into a problem of heat resistance insufficient. Due to the annealing effect on the central part of the pot exhaust in operation, small blisters appear in the overheated areas of the enamel. This phenomenon is also called "effect reboiling ".

Il est connu pour remédier à ces inconvénients d'utiliser des émaux spéciaux qui sont suffisamment résistants à la chaleur, ne présentent pas l'effet connu de "recuisson" et qui ne présente pas de fissures à la suite de changements de température.It is known to overcome these drawbacks of using special enamels which are sufficiently heat resistant, do not do not exhibit the known effect of "annealing" and which does not exhibit cracks as a result of temperature changes.

Par exemple le brevet européen n° 007 131 décrit un tel type d'émail particulier, dont la fabrication et la mise en oeuvre s'avèrent complexes et donc entraínent un surcoût par rapport à l'utilisation des émaux standards.For example, European Patent No. 007,131 describes such a particular type of enamel, the manufacturing and implementation of which complex and therefore entail an additional cost compared to the use of standard enamels.

De plus, dans certains cas, il convient d'effectuer plusieurs cuissons différentes de ces émaux pour les stabiliser.In addition, in some cases, multiple different cooking of these enamels to stabilize them.

La mise en oeuvre de ces procédés spécifiques est relativement complexe et engendre un surcoût non négligeable et de ce fait un tel pot d'échappement, dont la partie centrale est émaillée avec ce type d'émail, n'est pas compétitif par rapport à un pot d'échappement dont la partie centrale est en acier inoxydable.The implementation of these specific processes is relatively complex and generates a significant additional cost and made such an exhaust pipe, the central part of which is enamelled with this type of enamel, is not competitive compared to an exhaust the central part of which is made of stainless steel.

Il est connu également le document JP 4154919 traitant de l'élaboration d'un acier laminé à froid pour émaillage.Document JP 4154919 dealing with the development of cold rolled steel for enameling.

La présente invention propose un pot d'échappement pour véhicule automobile, résistant aux agressions sévères des condensats qui se forment dans sa partie centrale, et qui soit d'un coût faible.The present invention provides an exhaust for motor vehicle, resistant to severe attack by condensates which are formed in its central part, and which is of a low cost.

La présente invention a pour objet un pot d'échappement de véhicule automobile, constitué d'une enveloppe extérieure, une enveloppe intérieure et une partie centrale constituée de tubulures perforées et de cloisons transversales assemblées entre elles pour former chicanes, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe intérieure et ou la partie centrale est réalisée en un acier émaillé, l'acier ayant la composition suivante en millièmes de pour-cent poids :

  • carbone compris entre 0 et 10
  • manganèse compris entre 150 et 400
  • phosphore compris entre 0 et 20
  • soufre compris entre 10 et 30
  • aluminium compris entre 10 et 50
  • titane compris entre 50 et 150
  • cuivre compris entre 10 et 60
  • azote compris entre 5 et 15,
   le reste étant du fer et des impuretés résiduelles, ledit acier étant obtenu par laminage à chaud à une température finale de laminage dépassant le point Ar3 pour obtenir un feuillard, lequel est bobiné à une température supérieure à 600 degrés Celsius, et après laminage à froid, est soumis à un recuit de recristallisation.The present invention relates to a motor vehicle exhaust, consisting of an outer casing, an inner casing and a central part consisting of perforated pipes and transverse partitions assembled together to form baffles, characterized in that the inner envelope and where the central part is made of enamelled steel, the steel having the following composition in thousandths of a percent by weight:
  • carbon between 0 and 10
  • manganese between 150 and 400
  • phosphorus between 0 and 20
  • sulfur between 10 and 30
  • aluminum between 10 and 50
  • titanium between 50 and 150
  • copper between 10 and 60
  • nitrogen between 5 and 15,
the remainder being iron and residual impurities, said steel being obtained by hot rolling at a final rolling temperature exceeding point Ar 3 to obtain a strip, which is wound at a temperature above 600 degrees Celsius, and after rolling at cold, is subjected to recrystallization annealing.

L'autre caractéristique de l'invention est :

  • le feuillard est bobiné à une température supérieure à 700 degrés Celsius.
The other characteristic of the invention is:
  • the strip is wound at a temperature above 700 degrees Celsius.

Les caractéristiques et avantages apparaítront mieux à la suite de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple, faite en référence au dessin annexé, représentant une vue schématique en coupe d'un pot d'échappement de véhicule automobile.The features and advantages will appear better on continuation of the description which will follow, given only as a example, made with reference to the accompanying drawing, representing a view schematic sectional view of a motor vehicle exhaust.

Comme on le voit sur la figure, un pot d'échappement de véhicule automobile est constitué d'une enveloppe extérieure 1, une enveloppe intérieure 2 et une partie centrale 3.As seen in the figure, an exhaust pipe motor vehicle consists of an outer casing 1, a inner casing 2 and a central part 3.

La partie centrale 3 est constituée de tubulures perforées 4 et de cloisons transversales 5 assemblées entre elles pour former une chicane permettant la détente des gaz brûlés du moteur à combustion du véhicule automobile.The central part 3 consists of perforated tubing 4 and transverse partitions 5 assembled together to form a baffle allowing the expansion of the burnt gases of the combustion engine of the motor vehicle.

Le pot d'échappement comprend également une tubulure d'entrée 6, reliant celui-ci au collecteur d'échappement du moteur et une tubulure de sortie 7 permettant d'évacuer vers l'atmosphère les gaz d'échappement détendus et débarrassés d'une certaine quantité de particules nocives.Exhaust also includes tubing inlet 6, connecting it to the engine exhaust manifold and a outlet pipe 7 allowing gases to be evacuated to the atmosphere exhaust relaxed and rid of a certain amount of harmful particles.

La partie centrale 3 d'un pot d'échappement réalisée en acier émaillé ne faisant pas partie de l'invention est donnée ci-après à titre de comparaison, l'acier ayant la composition suivante en millièmes de pour-cent poids :

  • carbone compris entre 0 et 100
  • manganèse compris entre 0 et 500
  • phosphore compris entre 0 et 30
  • soufre compris entre 0 et 40
  • aluminium compris entre 0 et 60
  • titane compris entre 0 et 200
  • cuivre compris entre 0 et 60
  • azote compris entre 0 et 15,
   le reste étant du fer et des impuretés résiduelles.The central part 3 of an exhaust pipe made of enameled steel not forming part of the invention is given below for comparison, the steel having the following composition in thousandths of a percent by weight:
  • carbon between 0 and 100
  • manganese between 0 and 500
  • phosphorus between 0 and 30
  • sulfur between 0 and 40
  • aluminum between 0 and 60
  • titanium between 0 and 200
  • copper between 0 and 60
  • nitrogen between 0 and 15,
the remainder being iron and residual impurities.

L'acier est obtenu par laminage à chaud à une température finale de laminage dépassant le point Ar3 pour obtenir un feuillard, lequel est bobiné à une température supérieure à 600 degrés Celsius, et après laminage à froid, est soumis à un recuit de recristallisation qui peut être indifféremment un recuit base sous cloche ou un recuit en continu.The steel is obtained by hot rolling at a final rolling temperature exceeding the point Ar 3 to obtain a strip, which is coiled at a temperature above 600 degrees Celsius, and after cold rolling, is subjected to recrystallization annealing. which can be indifferently a base bell annealing or a continuous annealing.

De préférence, la température de bobinage du feuillard est supérieure à 700 degrés Celsius.Preferably, the strip winding temperature is greater than 700 degrees Celsius.

La Demanderesse a constaté que l'utilisation d'un tel acier pour réaliser la partie centrale 3 d'un pot d'échappement permet d'émailler cette partie centrale avec un émail de masse résistant à haute température de type standard en utilisant un procédé standard d'émaillage, c'est à dire en plongeant simplement la partie centrale du pot d'échappement réalisé avec un tel acier dans un bain d'émail liquide puis en faisant subir à la partie centrale 3 revêtue un simple recuit de cuisson de l'émail, et ceci tout en s'affranchissant de l'apparition du "défaut coup d'ongle".The Applicant has found that the use of such a steel to make the central part 3 of an exhaust allows to enamel this central part with a high resistant mass enamel standard type temperature using a standard process enamelling, i.e. by simply dipping the central part of the pot exhaust made with such steel in a liquid enamel bath then by subjecting the central part 3 coated with a simple baking annealing of enamel, and this while being freed from the appearance of the "blow defect nail ".

Il a été découvert que le respect de la température de bobinage, la fin du bobinage devant impérativement être effectué à une température supérieure à 600 degrés Celsius, de préférence supérieure à 700 degrés Celsius, est très important pour s'affranchir du "défaut coup d'ongle".It was discovered that compliance with the temperature of winding, the end of the winding must imperatively be carried out at a temperature above 600 degrees Celsius, preferably above 700 degrees Celsius, is very important to overcome the "blow defect nail ".

Pour s'affranchir de l'effet rebouillonnement, ou effet recuisson, on utilise un acier ayant la composition suivante en millièmes de pour-cent poids, cette composition étant donnée à titre indicatif et ne faisant pas partie de l'invention :

  • carbone compris entre 0 et 4
  • manganèse compris entre 150 et 400
  • phosphore compris entre 10 et 15
  • soufre compris entre 15 et 40
  • aluminium compris entre 10 et 50
  • titane compris entre 0 et 10
  • cuivre compris entre 20 et 30
  • azote compris entre 1,5 et 7,5,
   le reste étant du fer et des impuretés résiduelles.To overcome the reboiling effect, or annealing effect, a steel is used having the following composition in thousandths of a percent by weight, this composition being given for information only and not forming part of the invention:
  • carbon between 0 and 4
  • manganese between 150 and 400
  • phosphorus between 10 and 15
  • sulfur between 15 and 40
  • aluminum between 10 and 50
  • titanium between 0 and 10
  • copper between 20 and 30
  • nitrogen between 1.5 and 7.5,
the remainder being iron and residual impurities.

L'acier est obtenu par laminage à chaud à une température finale de laminage dépassant le point Ar3 pour obtenir un feuillard, lequel est bobiné à une température supérieure à 700 degrés Celsius, et après laminage à froid, est soumis à un recuit de recristallisation.The steel is obtained by hot rolling at a final rolling temperature exceeding the point Ar 3 to obtain a strip, which is coiled at a temperature above 700 degrees Celsius, and after cold rolling, is subjected to recrystallization annealing. .

De préférence, la température de bobinage du feuillard est supérieure à 750 degrés Celsius.Preferably, the strip winding temperature is greater than 750 degrees Celsius.

Le recuit est un recuit base décarburant en bobine expansée, c'est à dire un recuit sous cloche de la bobine bobinée en spires non jointives.Annealing is a base decarburizing annealing in an expanded coil, that is to say a bell annealing of the coil wound in turns contiguous.

Dans un tel recuit, la bobine à spire non jointives est chauffée sous cloche sous atmosphère HNx jusqu'à environ 600 degrés Celsius, puis on continue le recuit en la soumettant à un courant de vapeur d'eau.In such an annealing, the non-contiguous turn coil is heated in a bell under HNx atmosphere up to about 600 degrees Celsius, then continue the annealing by subjecting it to a current of water vapour.

Selon l'invention, pour s'affranchir de l'effet rebouillonnement, on utilise un acier ayant la composition suivante en millièmes de pour-cent poids :

  • carbone compris entre 0 et 10
  • manganèse compris entre 150 et 400
  • phosphore compris entre 0 et 20
  • soufre compris entre 10 et 30
  • aluminium compris entre 10 et 50
  • titane compris entre 50 et 150
  • cuivre compris entre 10 et 60
  • azote compris entre 5 et 15,
   le reste étant du fer et des impuretés résiduelles.According to the invention, to overcome the reboiling effect, a steel is used having the following composition in thousandths of a percent by weight:
  • carbon between 0 and 10
  • manganese between 150 and 400
  • phosphorus between 0 and 20
  • sulfur between 10 and 30
  • aluminum between 10 and 50
  • titanium between 50 and 150
  • copper between 10 and 60
  • nitrogen between 5 and 15,
the remainder being iron and residual impurities.

L'acier est obtenu par laminage à chaud à une température finale de laminage dépassant le point Ar3 pour obtenir un feuillard, lequel est bobiné à une température supérieure à 600 degrés Celsius, et après laminage à froid, est soumis à un recuit de recristallisation, recuit base ou recuit continu.The steel is obtained by hot rolling at a final rolling temperature exceeding the point Ar 3 to obtain a strip, which is coiled at a temperature above 600 degrees Celsius, and after cold rolling, is subjected to recrystallization annealing. , basic annealing or continuous annealing.

De préférence, le feuillard est bobiné à une température supérieure à 700 degrés Celsius.Preferably, the strip is wound at a temperature greater than 700 degrees Celsius.

Il a été découvert que la teneur en carbone, azote, soufre et titane est particulièrement importante pour s'affranchir de l'effet rebouillonnement de l'émail.It has been discovered that the content of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and titanium is particularly important to overcome the effect re-enameling.

Ainsi, en utilisant un des aciers tels que décrits précédemment, on peut réaliser la partie centrale 3 d'un pot d'échappement en acier émaillé, résistant parfaitement à la corrosion, simple de mise en oeuvre, en utilisant un émail de type standard, tout en s'affranchissant des défauts liés à la recuisson de l'émail et des défauts du type "défaut coup d'ongle", et qui soit d'un coût faible.So, using one of the steels as described above, the central part 3 can be made of an enameled steel exhaust pipe, perfectly resistant to corrosion, easy to use, using a standard type of enamel, while avoiding the defects linked to the annealing of enamel and defects of the "nail stroke defect" type, and which is low cost.

L'enveloppe intérieure 2 du pot d'échappement peut être réalisée soit en acier inoxydable, soit en acier aluminié, de même que l'enveloppe extérieure 1.The inner casing 2 of the exhaust pipe can be made either of stainless steel or aluminized steel, as well as the outer casing 1.

On peut également réaliser l'enveloppe intérieure 2 du pot d'échappement en acier émaillé en utilisant pour cela un acier parmi ceux décrits précédemment et en émaillant la face interne de ladite enveloppe 2.You can also make the inner envelope 2 of the pot enamelled steel exhaust using one of those steel described above and by enamelling the internal face of said envelope 2.

Le meilleur compromis efficacité, c'est à dire essentiellement tenue à la corrosion, et coût, consiste à réaliser soit un pot d'échappement dont la partie centrale 3 et l'enveloppe intérieure 2 sont en acier émaillé, l'enveloppe extérieure 1 étant en acier aluminié, soit un pot d'échappement dont la partie centrale 3 est en acier émaillé, l'enveloppe intérieure 2 est en acier inoxydable et l'enveloppe extérieure 1 est en acier aluminié.The best compromise between efficiency, i.e. essentially corrosion resistance, and cost, consists in making either an exhaust pipe whose central part 3 and the inner envelope 2 are made of enamelled steel, the outer casing 1 being made of aluminized steel, ie an exhaust pipe whose central part 3 is in enamelled steel, the inner envelope 2 is in stainless steel and the outer casing 1 is made of aluminized steel.

Deux pots d'échappement ont été réalisés avec une enveloppe intérieure 2 en acier inoxydable, une enveloppe extérieure 1 en acier aluminié et une partie centrale 3 en acier émaillé.Two exhaust pipes were produced with an envelope inner 2 in stainless steel, outer casing 1 in steel aluminized and a central part 3 in enamelled steel.

La partie centrale 3 du premier pot d'échappement a été réalisée en un acier ayant la composition suivante en millièmes de pour-cent poids :

  • carbone égal à 2
  • manganèse égal à 270
  • phosphore égal à 12
  • soufre égal à 22
  • aluminium égal à 18
  • titane égal à 1
  • cuivre égal à 22
  • azote égal à 4,
   le reste étant du fer et des impuretés résiduelles.The central part 3 of the first exhaust was made of steel having the following composition in thousandths of a weight percent:
  • carbon equal to 2
  • manganese equal to 270
  • phosphorus equal to 12
  • sulfur equal to 22
  • aluminum equal to 18
  • titanium equal to 1
  • copper equal to 22
  • nitrogen equal to 4,
the remainder being iron and residual impurities.

L'acier a été obtenu par laminage à chaud à une température finale de laminage égale à 890 degrés Celsius pour obtenir un feuillard, lequel a été bobiné à une température égale à 760 degrés Celsius, et après laminage à froid, a été soumis à un recuit de recristallisation en bobine expansée.The steel was obtained by hot rolling at a temperature final rolling equal to 890 degrees Celsius to obtain a strip, which was wound at a temperature of 760 degrees Celsius, and after cold rolling, was subjected to recrystallization annealing in coil expanded.

Cette partie centrale 3 a été émaillée en la plongeant dans un bain d'émail de masse courant résistant à la chaleur et à la corrosion, ayant la composition suivante en pour-cent poids : SiO2 54 ZrO2 2 P2O5 1 B2O3 14 Al2O3 3 CaO 4 BaO 5 Na2O 11 K2O 2 Li2O 2 NiO 1 CoO 0,5 CuO 0,5. This central part 3 was enameled by immersing it in a bath of enamel of common mass resistant to heat and corrosion, having the following composition in weight percent: S i O 2 54 Z r O 2 2 P 2 O 5 1 B 2 O 3 14 Al 2 O 3 3 C a O 4 B a O 5 Na 2 O 11 K 2 O 2 Li 2 O 2 N i O 1 C o O 0.5 C u O 0.5.

La partie centrale 3 du second pot d'échappement a été réalisée en un acier ayant la composition suivante en millièmes de pour-cent poids :

  • carbone égal à 2
  • manganèse égal à 200
  • phosphore égal à 15
  • soufre égal à 20
  • aluminium égal à 30
  • titane égal à 100
  • cuivre égal à 40
  • azote égal à 9,
   le reste étant du fer et des impuretés résiduelles. The central part 3 of the second exhaust was made of steel having the following composition in thousandths of a weight percent:
  • carbon equal to 2
  • manganese equal to 200
  • phosphorus equal to 15
  • sulfur equal to 20
  • aluminum equal to 30
  • titanium equal to 100
  • copper equal to 40
  • nitrogen equal to 9,
the remainder being iron and residual impurities.

L'acier a été obtenu par laminage à chaud à une température finale de laminage égale à 890 degrés Celsius pour obtenir un feuillard, lequel a été bobiné à une température égale à 710 degrés Celsius, et après laminage à froid, a été soumis à un recuit de recristallisation en continu.The steel was obtained by hot rolling at a temperature final rolling equal to 890 degrees Celsius to obtain a strip, which was wound at a temperature of 710 degrees Celsius, and after cold rolling, was subjected to continuous recrystallization annealing.

Cette partie centrale 3 a été émaillée en la plongeant dans un bain du même émail que précédemment.This central part 3 has been enamelled by immersing it in a bath of the same enamel as before.

Ces deux pots d'échappement ont subi avec succès les tests de corrosion, tout en étant de l'ordre de 25 à 30 pour-cent moins chers qu'un pot d'échappement réalisé entièrement en acier inoxydable.These two exhaust pipes have successfully passed the corrosion, while being around 25 to 30 percent cheaper than a pot exhaust made entirely of stainless steel.

Outre cet aspect corrosion et cet aspect coût, l'utilisation des aciers émaillés pour réaliser au moins la partie centrale d'un pot d'échappement, ledit acier ayant une composition selon l'invention, permet de garantir une bonne résistance de l'acier émaillé aux chocs thermiques qu'il subit en fonctionnement, c'est à dire que l'on évite la fissuration de l'émail.In addition to this corrosion aspect and this cost aspect, the use of enamelled steels to make at least the central part of a pot exhaust, said steel having a composition according to the invention, allows guarantee good resistance of the enamelled steel to the thermal shocks it undergoes in operation, that is to say that the cracking of the enamel is avoided.

Ceci est d'autant plus marqué que l'acier est décarburé et qu'il contient du titane.This is all the more marked as the steel is decarburized and it contains titanium.

En d'autres termes, l'acier contenant en millièmes de pour cents poids entre 0 et 10 de carbone et entre 50 et 150 de titane présente une meilleure tenue aux chocs thermiques que l'acier contenant en millièmes de pour cents poids entre 0 et 4 de carbone et entre 0 et 10 de titane, lequel présente tout de même une très bonne résistance aux chocs thermiques, meilleure que les aciers doux standards.In other words, steel containing in thousandths of a percent weight between 0 and 10 carbon and between 50 and 150 titanium has a better resistance to thermal shock than steel containing in thousandths of per hundred weight between 0 and 4 of carbon and between 0 and 10 of titanium, which still has very good resistance to thermal shock, better than standard mild steels.

Claims (2)

  1. Motor-vehicle exhaust box, consisting of an outer casing (1), an inner casing (2) and a central part (3) consisting of perforated tubes (4) and of transverse partitions (5) which are joined together to form baffles, characterized in that the inner casing (2) and/or the central part (3) are/is made of an enamelled steel, the steel having the following composition in thousandths of a per cent by weight:
    carbon between 0 and 10
    manganese between 150 and 400
    phosphorus between 0 and 20
    sulphur between 10 and 30
    aluminium between 10 and 50
    titanium between 50 and 150
    copper between 10 and 60
    nitrogen between 5 and 15,
       the balance being iron and residual impurities,
    the said steel being obtained by hot rolling at a final rolling temperature exceeding the Ar3 point in order to obtain a sheet which is coiled at a temperature above 600 degrees Celsius and, after cold rolling is subjected to recrystallization annealing.
  2. Motor-vehicle exhaust box according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sheet is coiled at a temperature above 700 degrees Celsius.
EP96402533A 1995-12-20 1996-11-26 Exhaust system for motor vehicles Expired - Lifetime EP0780552B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9515087A FR2742802B1 (en) 1995-12-20 1995-12-20 MOTOR VEHICLE EXHAUST
FR9515087 1995-12-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0780552A1 EP0780552A1 (en) 1997-06-25
EP0780552B1 true EP0780552B1 (en) 2001-09-12

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EP96402533A Expired - Lifetime EP0780552B1 (en) 1995-12-20 1996-11-26 Exhaust system for motor vehicles

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US (1) US5739485A (en)
EP (1) EP0780552B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH09189223A (en)
KR (1) KR970044261A (en)
AT (1) ATE205580T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69615137T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0780552T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2161997T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2742802B1 (en)
PT (1) PT780552E (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE60124955D1 (en) 2000-12-20 2007-01-11 Quiet Storm Llc DEVICE FOR IMPROVED NOISE ABSORPTION IN AN ABSORPTION DAMPER OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
US7922837B2 (en) * 2001-10-29 2011-04-12 Nippon Steel Corporation Steel sheet for vitreous enameling and method for producing the same
US6837235B2 (en) * 2002-03-14 2005-01-04 Ssw Holdings Company, Inc. Porcelain oven rack
US20070272231A1 (en) * 2006-05-25 2007-11-29 Ssw Holding Company, Inc. Oven rack having an integral lubricious, dry porcelain surface
CN108251752B (en) * 2018-01-18 2019-11-22 唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司 A kind of motor vehicle noise reduction plate base and its production method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2433671A (en) * 1970-02-06 1972-07-20 Armco Steel Corporation Product and method for making drawing quality enameling stock
US4141724A (en) * 1978-06-21 1979-02-27 United States Steel Corporation Low-cost, high temperature oxidation-resistant steel
DE2962334D1 (en) * 1978-07-07 1982-04-29 Reimbold & Strick Enamelled sound absorber and method for its enamelling
US4254684A (en) * 1979-01-25 1981-03-10 Helpinstill Iii Charles T Breakdown piano
DE2917586C2 (en) * 1979-04-30 1982-11-18 Werner Dr.-Ing. 8450 Amberg Baumann Enamelled sheet steel muffler
US4264684A (en) * 1979-12-17 1981-04-28 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Zinc-alloy coated ferrous product resistant to embrittlement
JPH01275736A (en) * 1988-04-28 1989-11-06 Nippon Steel Corp Continuously cast steel plate for enameling having excellent workability and its manufacture
CA2036374A1 (en) * 1989-07-19 1991-01-20 Kazunori Osawa Method of producing steel sheets for porcelain enameling having improved enamel adhesion property
JPH04154919A (en) * 1990-10-15 1992-05-27 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Manufacture of cold rolled steel sheet for porcelain enameling excellent in workability
DE9318921U1 (en) * 1993-12-09 1994-02-03 Audi Ag Exhaust system for a diesel internal combustion engine

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DK0780552T3 (en) 2001-12-31
DE69615137D1 (en) 2001-10-18
JPH09189223A (en) 1997-07-22
EP0780552A1 (en) 1997-06-25
US5739485A (en) 1998-04-14
FR2742802B1 (en) 1998-01-30
DE69615137T2 (en) 2002-06-20
ES2161997T3 (en) 2001-12-16
FR2742802A1 (en) 1997-06-27
KR970044261A (en) 1997-07-26
ATE205580T1 (en) 2001-09-15
PT780552E (en) 2002-02-28

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