EP0776409B1 - Integral drilling tool bit - Google Patents

Integral drilling tool bit Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0776409B1
EP0776409B1 EP96922074A EP96922074A EP0776409B1 EP 0776409 B1 EP0776409 B1 EP 0776409B1 EP 96922074 A EP96922074 A EP 96922074A EP 96922074 A EP96922074 A EP 96922074A EP 0776409 B1 EP0776409 B1 EP 0776409B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tip
holder
face
polycrystalline diamond
rock formation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96922074A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0776409A1 (en
Inventor
Robert Delwiche
Alain Besson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dite Db Stratabit SA Ste
DB Stratabit SA
TOTAL
TotalEnergies SE
Original Assignee
Dite Db Stratabit SA Ste
DB Stratabit SA
TOTAL
Total SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dite Db Stratabit SA Ste, DB Stratabit SA, TOTAL, Total SE filed Critical Dite Db Stratabit SA Ste
Publication of EP0776409A1 publication Critical patent/EP0776409A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0776409B1 publication Critical patent/EP0776409B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/56—Button-type inserts
    • E21B10/567—Button-type inserts with preformed cutting elements mounted on a distinct support, e.g. polycrystalline inserts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/56—Button-type inserts
    • E21B10/567—Button-type inserts with preformed cutting elements mounted on a distinct support, e.g. polycrystalline inserts
    • E21B10/573—Button-type inserts with preformed cutting elements mounted on a distinct support, e.g. polycrystalline inserts characterised by support details, e.g. the substrate construction or the interface between the substrate and the cutting element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to cutting elements or bits intended to be fixed on drilling tools monoblocks used in drilling rock formations, for example in oil wells or in drilling the cement.
  • the bit 10 is positioned relative to the formation rocky 22, as shown in Figure 1, i.e. so that the free flat face 24 of the wafer 16 do with the normal N on the surface 25 of the formation rocky an acute angle ⁇ , oriented in the opposite direction to the direction of movement F of the cutting edge.
  • the cutter has a operating mode by compression: plate 16 attacks the formation frontally by its flat face 24 and the compresses, and by reaction, the rock exerts pressure on the flat face 24. Since the imprint of the cutting edge on the rock is shaped like a cylinder sector, the cutting must be strong enough to attack the rock frontally over the entire extent of said footprint.
  • the cut can be made with good efficiency: a rock chip 26 is formed which breaks in front of the flat face 24 and which is ground with accumulation small debris in front of the face of the plate.
  • the cutting is less effective because of the considerable force that is required to break the rock simultaneously over the entire surface of the imprint. In addition, said force generally leads to vibrational phenomena which are harmful for the duration of tool life.
  • this cutter is not suitable for drilling on the one hand, because the insert is not not done in PDC and on the other hand, because the insert is too thin in the direction of the reaction it undergoes from the rock formation. This thickness, which is actually equal to the width of the ring in the radial direction, is insufficient to be able withstand the compression exerted by the rock formation.
  • US Patent 4,373,593 relates to a tool cutter monoblock for drilling a rock formation which includes a polycrystalline diamond cutting portion cut into wedge shape and wrapped at least on its periphery by a support portion. But, as for the previous patent, the cutting portion has too low thickness in the direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tool to be able to withstand the reaction of the rock formation.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the drawbacks of the aforementioned prior art and it relates to this effect a one-piece tool cutter according to claims 1 and 5.
  • the cutter according to the invention is distinguished from that of US patent 4,073,354 by the fact that the wafer has a substantially 90 ° orientation relative to the orientation it has in said patent. So she attacks the rock formation by its cylindrical wall and works in shear and not in compression. Thanks to that orientation, the brochure present, facing the training rock, maximum PDC depth, substantially equal the diameter of the wafer. This great depth gives to the wafer a great resistance compared to the efforts shear exerted by the rock formation.
  • the cutting edge 28 of the invention illustrated by FIG. 2 includes a cylindrical support 30 made of tungsten carbide case-hardened, fixed in a blind hole 20 drilled in the tool monobloc 18. It has an inclined flat face 32 on which is fixed, by soldering or otherwise, a plate 34 in PDC in the shape of a cylindrical disc.
  • the free face 36 of the wafer made with the normal N at the surface 25 of the rock formation an acute angle ⁇ oriented in the same direction as the direction of movement F of the cutting edge.
  • the position of the plate according to Figure 2 is practically 90 ° with respect to that of FIG. 1 and allows to work with ⁇ inclinations of the face 36 "almost flat" with respect to the surface 25 of the formation 38.
  • Rock can thus be attacked from more angles aggressive than in the case of technical cutters anterior.
  • the inclination ⁇ can vary between 0 and 25 °.
  • the wafer works with its cylindrical side wall 40 over its entire thickness. It therefore operates a punching of the rock at its lowest point P at the same time as a shear.
  • the plate 34 has a uniform thickness and for reasons of economy, its thickness is relatively small, of the order of 0.5 to 1 mm.
  • the cutting thickness h will therefore also be small.
  • the cutter according to this embodiment will therefore be used essentially to work on semi-hard to hard terrains.
  • the ring 52 can be even thicker and higher than in the embodiment of FIG. 3.
  • the tool provided with such cutters can therefore drill formations ranging from softer to harder.
  • Another advantage of this cutter is that core 56 in tungsten carbide can be drilled with a hole 58 to place a screw by means of which the cutter can be attached to the tool body.
  • the cutting is tapered and present as in the embodiment of FIG. 4 a PDC ring 60 at the periphery of its large base.
  • the side wall of the ring is confused with the tapered wall of the cutting edge.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne des éléments de coupe ou taillants destinés à être fixés sur des outils de forage monoblocs utilisés dans le forage de formations rocheuses, par exemple dans les puits pétroliers ou dans le forage du ciment.The present invention relates to cutting elements or bits intended to be fixed on drilling tools monoblocks used in drilling rock formations, for example in oil wells or in drilling the cement.

On connaít par le brevet U.S. 4 073 354 un taillant selon le préambule de la revendication 1. Pour expliquer le problème qui est à la base de l'invention, on décrira la structure et le fonctionnement de ce taillant 10 en se référant à la figure 1 ci-jointe qui montre une vue en coupe longitudinale du taillant. Celui-ci comprend un support 12 en forme de plot cylindrique réalisé en carbure métallique cémenté, par exemple en carbure de tungstène. Ledit plot est pourvu à une de ses extrémités d'une surface plane 14, inclinée par rapport à l'axe du plot. Sur cette surface est fixée, par exemple par brasage, une plaquette 16 formée à partir d'un mélange de fines particules de diamant polycristallin ou PDC, de poudre de cobalt et de carbure de tungstène. Ledit mélange est soumis à une pression et à une température très élevées, ce qui provoque son frittage et sa liaison avec le support. Les taillants ainsi fabriqués sont ensuite fixés sur la tête de l'outil 18 de forage, par exemple par sertissage dans des trous borgnes 20 prépercés sur la tête.We know from U.S. Patent 4,073,354 a cutting according to the preamble of claim 1. To explain the problem which is the basis of the invention, we will describe the structure and functioning of this cutting edge 10 referring to Figure 1 attached which shows a sectional view longitudinal of the cutting edge. This includes a support 12 in the form of a cylindrical stud made of metal carbide case-hardened, for example in tungsten carbide. Said plot is provided at one of its ends with a flat surface 14, inclined relative to the axis of the stud. On this surface is fixed, for example by brazing, a plate 16 formed at from a mixture of fine diamond particles polycrystalline or PDC, cobalt powder and carbide tungsten. Said mixture is subjected to pressure and very high temperatures, which causes it to sinter and connection with the support. The cutters thus produced are then fixed to the head of the drilling tool 18, by example by crimping in pre-drilled blind holes 20 on the head.

Le taillant 10 est positionné par rapport à la formation rocheuse 22, comme représenté sur la figure 1, c'est-à-dire de manière que la face plate libre 24 de la plaquette 16 fasse avec la normale N à la surface 25 de la formation rocheuse un angle aigu α, orienté dans le sens contraire au sens de déplacement F du taillant.The bit 10 is positioned relative to the formation rocky 22, as shown in Figure 1, i.e. so that the free flat face 24 of the wafer 16 do with the normal N on the surface 25 of the formation rocky an acute angle α, oriented in the opposite direction to the direction of movement F of the cutting edge.

Il résulte de cette disposition que le taillant a un mode de fonctionnement par compression : la plaquette 16 attaque la formation frontalement par sa face plate 24 et la comprime, et par réaction, la roche exerce une pression sur la face plate 24. Etant donné que l'empreinte du taillant sur la roche est en forme de secteur de cylindre, le taillant devra être suffisamment résistant pour attaquer la roche frontalement sur toute l'étendue de ladite empreinte.It follows from this provision that the cutter has a operating mode by compression: plate 16 attacks the formation frontally by its flat face 24 and the compresses, and by reaction, the rock exerts pressure on the flat face 24. Since the imprint of the cutting edge on the rock is shaped like a cylinder sector, the cutting must be strong enough to attack the rock frontally over the entire extent of said footprint.

Dans le cas de formations rocheuses tendres à mi-tendres, la coupe pourra être faite avec une bonne efficacité : il se forme un copeau de roche 26 qui se brise devant la face plate 24 et qui est broyé avec accumulation de petits débris devant la face de la plaquette. Par contre, dans le cas de formations dures, la coupe est moins efficace en raison de la force considérable qui est nécessaire pour casser la roche simultanément sur toute la surface de l'empreinte. De plus, ladite force entraíne généralement des phénomènes vibratoires qui sont néfastes pour la durée de vie de l'outil.In the case of soft to semi-soft rock formations, the cut can be made with good efficiency: a rock chip 26 is formed which breaks in front of the flat face 24 and which is ground with accumulation small debris in front of the face of the plate. On the other hand, in the case of hard formations, the cutting is less effective because of the considerable force that is required to break the rock simultaneously over the entire surface of the imprint. In addition, said force generally leads to vibrational phenomena which are harmful for the duration of tool life.

Par le brevet WO 96/27 072, qui fait partie de l'état de la technique selon l'Article 54(3) CBE, on connaít un outil qui est utilisé par les tunneliers ou par les graveurs pour graver des motifs sur une roche. Cet outil comprend un unique taillant cylindrique en métal dur muni à son extrémité inférieure d'un insert en forme de bague cylindrique et ce taillant est monté rotatif autour de son axe sur un support. Mais un tel taillant n'a rien à voir avec l'objet de l'invention qui concerne un taillant d'outil monobloc, c'est-à-dire un taillant qui est serti sur la tête de l'outil sans possibilité de tourner par rapport à ladite tête.By WO 96/27 072, which is part of the state of the technique according to Article 54 (3) EPC, we know a tool which is used by tunnel boring machines or by engravers to engrave patterns on a rock. This tool includes a unique cylindrical cutter made of hard metal fitted at its end bottom of a cylindrical ring-shaped insert and this cutter is rotatably mounted around its axis on a support. But such a cutter has nothing to do with the object of the invention which relates to a solid tool cutter, that is to say a cutter which is set on the head of the tool without the possibility of turning relative to said head.

De plus, ce taillant ne convient pas pour le forage de formations rocheuses, d'une part, parce que l'insert n'est pas réalisé en PDC et d'autre part, parce que l'insert présente une trop faible épaisseur dans la direction de la réaction qu'elle subit de la part de la formation rocheuse. Cette épaisseur, qui est en fait égale à la largeur de la bague dans le sens radial, est insuffisante pour pouvoir supporter la compression exercée par la formation rocheuse.In addition, this cutter is not suitable for drilling on the one hand, because the insert is not not done in PDC and on the other hand, because the insert is too thin in the direction of the reaction it undergoes from the rock formation. This thickness, which is actually equal to the width of the ring in the radial direction, is insufficient to be able withstand the compression exerted by the rock formation.

Le brevet US 4 373 593 concerne un taillant d'outil monobloc pour le forage d'une formation rocheuse qui comprend une portion de coupe en diamant polycristallin coupée en forme de coin et enveloppée au moins sur sa périphérie par une portion support. Mais, comme pour le brevet précédent, la portion de coupe a une trop faible épaisseur dans le sens perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation de l'outil pour pouvoir supporter la réaction de la formation rocheuse.US Patent 4,373,593 relates to a tool cutter monoblock for drilling a rock formation which includes a polycrystalline diamond cutting portion cut into wedge shape and wrapped at least on its periphery by a support portion. But, as for the previous patent, the cutting portion has too low thickness in the direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tool to be able to withstand the reaction of the rock formation.

La présente invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients de la technique antérieure susmentionnée et elle concerne à cet effet un taillant d'outil monobloc selon les revendications 1 et 5.The present invention aims to remedy the drawbacks of the aforementioned prior art and it relates to this effect a one-piece tool cutter according to claims 1 and 5.

On notera que le taillant selon l'invention se distingue de celui du brevet US 4 073 354 par le fait que la plaquette a une orientation sensiblement à 90° par rapport à l'orientation qu'elle a dans ledit brevet. Elle attaque donc la formation rocheuse par sa paroi cylindrique et travaille en cisaillement et non en compression. Grâce à cette orientation, la plaquette présente, face à la formation rocheuse, une profondeur de PDC maximale, sensiblement égale au diamètre de la plaquette. Cette grande profondeur confère à la plaquette une grande résistance par rapport aux efforts de cisaillement exercés par la formation rocheuse.Note that the cutter according to the invention is distinguished from that of US patent 4,073,354 by the fact that the wafer has a substantially 90 ° orientation relative to the orientation it has in said patent. So she attacks the rock formation by its cylindrical wall and works in shear and not in compression. Thanks to that orientation, the brochure present, facing the training rock, maximum PDC depth, substantially equal the diameter of the wafer. This great depth gives to the wafer a great resistance compared to the efforts shear exerted by the rock formation.

On notera encore qu'il n'était pas évident pour l'homme du métier d'imaginer de faire travailler la plaquette en cisaillement, car il a toujours considéré que ce mode de travail risque de provoquer la destruction prématurée de la plaquette. Note again that it was not obvious to humans of the job of imagining to work the wafer in shear because he always considered that this mode of work may cause premature destruction of the brochure.

Mais, les récents progrès réalisés dans le domaine des plaquettes en PDC (réduction des contraintes résiduelles, amélioration de la résistance aux chocs, meilleure résistance à la température et meilleure maítrise de la qualité) rendent possible à présent de les faire travailler de manière qu'elles subissent un cisaillement, sans que cela entame leur durée de vie.However, recent advances in the field of PDC plates (reduction of residual stresses, improved impact resistance, better temperature resistance and better control of the quality) now make it possible to make them work so that they undergo a shearing, without that begins their lifespan.

La position donnée à la plaquette selon l'invention entraíne en outre toute une série d'avantages importants :

  • elle permet d'utiliser des angles d'attaque plus agressifs et donc plus performants, en inclinant la plaquette "presque à plat" sur la surface de la formation ;
  • la plaquette ne travaille plus avec sa face plate en contact avec le copeau, mais avec sa paroi latérale cylindrique (tout le long de son épaisseur) au contact avec la formation. Le copeau qui se forme n'est donc plus en contact avec la face plate mais avec la paroi cylindrique de la plaquette. Il en résulte que la plaquette réalise la rupture de la roche non seulement par cisaillement mais également par poinçonnement ;
  • la distribution des forces se fait radialement sur la paroi cylindrique de la plaquette, ce qui a pour effet de réduire le phénomène vibratoire de l'outil ;
  • l'épaisseur de la couche diamantée qui subit les efforts de coupe n'est plus de quelques dixièmes de millimètre, comme c'est le cas de la plaquette de la figure 1, mais de plusieurs millimètres. La durée de vie de la plaquette est donc notablement augmentée.
The position given to the plate according to the invention also leads to a whole series of important advantages:
  • it allows more aggressive and therefore more efficient angles of attack to be used, by tilting the plate "almost flat" on the surface of the formation;
  • the wafer no longer works with its flat face in contact with the chip, but with its cylindrical side wall (all along its thickness) in contact with the formation. The chip which forms is therefore no longer in contact with the flat face but with the cylindrical wall of the wafer. As a result, the plate breaks the rock not only by shearing but also by punching;
  • the forces are distributed radially on the cylindrical wall of the insert, which has the effect of reducing the vibratory phenomenon of the tool;
  • the thickness of the diamond layer which undergoes the cutting forces is no longer a few tenths of a millimeter, as is the case with the plate of FIG. 1, but several millimeters. The life of the wafer is therefore significantly increased.

L'invention sera décrite à présent en détail en regard des dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un taillant selon la technique antérieure, serti dans un outil de forage monobloc qui n'est représenté que partiellement ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe d'un taillant selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe d'un taillant selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe d'un taillant selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention ; et
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe d'un taillant qui n'est pas un mode de réalisation de l'invention.
    • The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of a cutter according to the prior art, crimped in a one-piece drilling tool which is only shown partially;
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of a cutter according to the invention;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view of a cutting edge according to a second embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view of a cutting edge according to a third embodiment of the invention; and
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view of a cutter which is not an embodiment of the invention.

    • Le taillant 28 de l'invention illustré par la figure 2 comprend un support cylindrique 30 en carbure de tungstène cémenté, fixé dans un trou borgne 20 percé dans l'outil monobloc 18. Il présente une face plate inclinée 32 sur laquelle est fixée, par brasage ou autre, une plaquette 34 en PDC en forme de disque cylindrique.The cutting edge 28 of the invention illustrated by FIG. 2 includes a cylindrical support 30 made of tungsten carbide case-hardened, fixed in a blind hole 20 drilled in the tool monobloc 18. It has an inclined flat face 32 on which is fixed, by soldering or otherwise, a plate 34 in PDC in the shape of a cylindrical disc.

    Selon une caractéristique importante de l'invention, la face libre 36 de la plaquette fait avec la normale N à la surface 25 de la formation rocheuse un angle aigu α orienté dans le même sens que le sens de déplacement F du taillant.According to an important characteristic of the invention, the free face 36 of the wafer made with the normal N at the surface 25 of the rock formation an acute angle α oriented in the same direction as the direction of movement F of the cutting edge.

    Comme on l'a souligné précédemment, cette position est inhabituelle dans le domaine des outils de forage monoblocs où l'angle α que fait la face libre de la plaquette avec la normale N est orienté dans le sens contraire au sens de déplacement de l'outil.As noted earlier, this position is unusual in the field of monoblock drilling tools where the angle α made by the free face of the plate with the normal N is oriented in the opposite direction to the direction of tool movement.

    La position de la plaquette selon la figure 2 est pratiquement à 90° par rapport à celle de la figure 1 et permet de travailler avec des inclinaisons β de la face 36 "presque à plat" par rapport à la surface 25 de la formation 38. La roche peut ainsi être attaquée sous des angles plus agressifs que dans le cas des taillants de la technique antérieure. Avantageusement, l'inclinaison β peut varier entre 0 et 25°.The position of the plate according to Figure 2 is practically 90 ° with respect to that of FIG. 1 and allows to work with β inclinations of the face 36 "almost flat" with respect to the surface 25 of the formation 38. Rock can thus be attacked from more angles aggressive than in the case of technical cutters anterior. Advantageously, the inclination β can vary between 0 and 25 °.

    Comme on le voit sur la figure 2, la plaquette travaille avec sa paroi latérale cylindrique 40 sur toute son épaisseur. Elle opère donc un poinçonnement de la roche à son point le plus bas P en même temps qu'un cisaillement.As seen in Figure 2, the wafer works with its cylindrical side wall 40 over its entire thickness. It therefore operates a punching of the rock at its lowest point P at the same time as a shear.

    Dans le taillant que l'on vient de décrire, la plaquette 34 a une épaisseur uniforme et pour des raisons d'économie, son épaisseur est relativement faible, de l'ordre de 0,5 à 1 mm. L'épaisseur de coupe h sera donc également faible. Le taillant selon ce mode de réalisation servira donc essentiellement à travailler les terrains mi-durs à durs.In the cutting edge that has just been described, the plate 34 has a uniform thickness and for reasons of economy, its thickness is relatively small, of the order of 0.5 to 1 mm. The cutting thickness h will therefore also be small. The cutter according to this embodiment will therefore be used essentially to work on semi-hard to hard terrains.

    Selon l'invention, on peut obtenir des profondeurs de coupe nettement plus importantes avec une même quantité de PDC et donc une même dépense, en utilisant le taillant selon la figure 3. Sur la surface inclinée du support 30 de ce taillant sont formées une série de rainures rectilignes parallèles 44 qui s'étendent dans la partie centrale de ladite surface. Ces rainures définissent entre elles des nervures 46 et elles aboutissent à une rainure périphérique 48 disposée à la périphérie de ladite surface. La rainure 48 peut être plus profonde que les rainures centrales 44. Sur la surface du support on fait adhérer une mince couche diamantée 50 qui remplit toutes les rainures 44, 48 et qui dépasse légèrement le sommet des nervures.According to the invention, depths of significantly larger cuts with the same amount of PDC and therefore the same expense, using the cutting edge according to Figure 3. On the inclined surface of the support 30 of this cutting are formed a series of rectilinear grooves parallels 44 which extend in the central part of said surface. These grooves define between them ribs 46 and they end in a peripheral groove 48 disposed at the periphery of said surface. Groove 48 may be deeper than the central grooves 44. On the surface of the support is made to adhere a thin layer diamond 50 which fills all the grooves 44, 48 and which slightly exceeds the top of the ribs.

    Ainsi, le maximum de quantité de PDC est concentré dans la portion périphérique du taillant. On pourra donner à la rainure périphérique une profondeur beaucoup plus grande que l'épaisseur des plaquettes standards. Les outils sertis avec de tels taillants pourront forer une plus grande gamme de duretés de terrain. De plus, ces taillants auront une plus grande durée de vie que ceux de la figure 1.Thus, the maximum amount of PDC is concentrated in the peripheral portion of the cutting edge. We can give to the peripheral groove a depth much greater than the thickness of standard inserts. Tools set with such cutters will be able to drill a wider range of hardness of ground. In addition, these cutters will have a higher longer life than those in Figure 1.

    Il va de soi que les nervures et les rainures rectilignes peuvent être remplacées par tout relief en saillie et en creux.It goes without saying that the ribs and grooves straight lines can be replaced by any relief in protruding and recessed.

    Dans la variante de réalisation de la figure 4, il n'y a plus de fine couche diamantée sur l'ensemble de la face du taillant, mais seulement un anneau 52 en PDC disposé dans une rainure périphérique 54 formée sur la surface inclinée du support. La face libre de l'anneau vient à l'affleurement de l'âme centrale 56 en carbure de tungstène.In the alternative embodiment of Figure 4, there is more thin diamond coating on the entire face of the cutting, but only a PDC ring 52 arranged in a peripheral groove 54 formed on the inclined surface of support. The free face of the ring comes to the surface of the central core 56 of tungsten carbide.

    L'anneau 52 peut être encore plus épais et plus haut que dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 3. L'outil muni de tels taillants pourra donc forer des formations allant des plus tendres aux plus dures.The ring 52 can be even thicker and higher than in the embodiment of FIG. 3. The tool provided with such cutters can therefore drill formations ranging from softer to harder.

    Un autre avantage de ce taillant réside dans le fait que l'âme 56 en carbure de tungstène peut être percée d'un trou 58 pour y placer une vis au moyen de laquelle le taillant peut être fixé sur le corps de l'outil.Another advantage of this cutter is that core 56 in tungsten carbide can be drilled with a hole 58 to place a screw by means of which the cutter can be attached to the tool body.

    Dans la figure 5, le taillant est tronconique et présente comme dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 4 un anneau 60 en PDC à la périphérie de sa grande base. La paroi latérale de l'anneau est confondue avec la paroi tronconique du taillant. Lorsque ce taillant est positionné conformément à l'invention, c'est-à-dire avec sa grande base "presque à plat" par rapport à la surface de formation, on peut obtenir une coupe de la roche avec un angle d'attaque γ positif. On rappelle que l'angle d'attaque est l'angle que fait la paroi latérale tronconique 62 de l'anneau avec la normale à la surface de la formation rocheuse. Il est bien connu dans la mécanique classique que ce type de taillant peut donner d'excellents résultats lorsque les matières à couper deviennent plastiques. De plus, ce taillant permet une grande vitesse de pénétration de l'outil. Ici aussi, le taillant peut être fixé sur le corps de l'outil monobloc au moyen d'une vis.In Figure 5, the cutting is tapered and present as in the embodiment of FIG. 4 a PDC ring 60 at the periphery of its large base. The side wall of the ring is confused with the tapered wall of the cutting edge. When this cutter is positioned in accordance with the invention, that is to say with its large base "almost flat" by compared to the formation surface, we can get a cut of rock with a positive angle of attack γ. We recall that the angle of attack is the angle made by the side wall frustoconical 62 of the ring with the normal to the surface of the rock formation. He is well known in mechanics classic that this type of cutting can give excellent results when the material to be cut becomes plastics. In addition, this bit allows high speed tool penetration. Here too, the cutting edge can be fixed to the body of the one-piece tool by means of a screw.

    Claims (5)

    1. An integral tool bit for drilling a rock formation, of the type comprising a cylindrical holder (30) of sintered metal carbide capable of being fixed to the tool (18), said holder comprising at one end an end face (32) entirely covered by a tip (34; 50) in the form of a cylindrical disk formed on the basis of polycrystalline diamond particles and comprising a cylindrical side wall (40) and a substantially flat free face (36), characterised in that the tip (34; 50) is disposed in such a way that its free flat face (36) forms with the line N normal to the surface (25) of the rock formation an acute angle (α) oriented in the same direction as the direction of displacement (F) of the tip, in such a way that the tip attacks the rock formation with its side wall (40).
    2. A bit according to claim 1, characterised in that the angle (β), complementary to (α), formed between the plane of the free flat face (36) of the tip and the surface (25) of the rock formation which has been drilled is between 0 and 25°.
    3. A bit according to claim 1, characterised in that the tip (34) exhibits a constant thickness over the entire surface of the holder to which it is fixed.
    4. A bit according to claim 1, characterised in that the tip (50) is fixed to a face of the holder (30) which exhibits recessed portions (44) and projecting portions (46) and which also has at its periphery a channel (48) of a depth greater than that of said recessed portions, the layer of polycrystalline diamond which constitutes the tip filling said recessed portions and covering with a thin layer the apices of the projecting portions.
    5. A bit according to claim 1, characterised in that the tip consists of a ring (52) of polycrystalline diamond fixed in a peripheral channel (54) formed about the edge of an inclined face of the holder (30), the remainder of said face of the holder not being covered with polycrystalline diamond, and in that the holder (30) comprises a hole (58), in the area not covered with polycrystalline diamond, for the passage of a screw designed to fix the bit onto the body of the integral tool.
    EP96922074A 1995-06-16 1996-06-07 Integral drilling tool bit Expired - Lifetime EP0776409B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9507240 1995-06-16
    FR9507240A FR2735522B1 (en) 1995-06-16 1995-06-16 MONOBLOCK DRILLING TOOL SIZE
    PCT/FR1996/000861 WO1997000372A1 (en) 1995-06-16 1996-06-07 Integral drilling tool bit

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0776409A1 EP0776409A1 (en) 1997-06-04
    EP0776409B1 true EP0776409B1 (en) 2000-07-26

    Family

    ID=9480096

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP96922074A Expired - Lifetime EP0776409B1 (en) 1995-06-16 1996-06-07 Integral drilling tool bit

    Country Status (11)

    Country Link
    US (1) US5823277A (en)
    EP (1) EP0776409B1 (en)
    AR (1) AR002487A1 (en)
    AU (1) AU712588B2 (en)
    CA (1) CA2197351C (en)
    CO (1) CO4520157A1 (en)
    DE (1) DE69609478T2 (en)
    FR (1) FR2735522B1 (en)
    NO (1) NO310312B1 (en)
    RU (1) RU2166608C2 (en)
    WO (1) WO1997000372A1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (12)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US6332503B1 (en) * 1992-01-31 2001-12-25 Baker Hughes Incorporated Fixed cutter bit with chisel or vertical cutting elements
    US5447208A (en) * 1993-11-22 1995-09-05 Baker Hughes Incorporated Superhard cutting element having reduced surface roughness and method of modifying
    US6571891B1 (en) 1996-04-17 2003-06-03 Baker Hughes Incorporated Web cutter
    US6003623A (en) * 1998-04-24 1999-12-21 Dresser Industries, Inc. Cutters and bits for terrestrial boring
    US6527069B1 (en) 1998-06-25 2003-03-04 Baker Hughes Incorporated Superabrasive cutter having optimized table thickness and arcuate table-to-substrate interfaces
    US6412580B1 (en) 1998-06-25 2002-07-02 Baker Hughes Incorporated Superabrasive cutter with arcuate table-to-substrate interfaces
    US7011169B2 (en) * 2003-11-10 2006-03-14 Baker Hughes Incorporated Expanded coverage carbide compact
    US7243745B2 (en) * 2004-07-28 2007-07-17 Baker Hughes Incorporated Cutting elements and rotary drill bits including same
    CN102587839A (en) * 2012-03-23 2012-07-18 王建奎 Polycrystalline diamond compact drill bit
    CN102699555A (en) * 2012-06-19 2012-10-03 中煤科工集团西安研究院 Transitional connection piece of polycrystalline diamond clad sheet and drill bit matrix and connection process for transitional connection piece
    US10307891B2 (en) 2015-08-12 2019-06-04 Us Synthetic Corporation Attack inserts with differing surface finishes, assemblies, systems including same, and related methods
    US10900291B2 (en) 2017-09-18 2021-01-26 Us Synthetic Corporation Polycrystalline diamond elements and systems and methods for fabricating the same

    Citations (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO1996027072A1 (en) * 1995-02-27 1996-09-06 Champion Equipment Co. Method of cutting and cutting rotative bit

    Family Cites Families (14)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US4109737A (en) * 1976-06-24 1978-08-29 General Electric Company Rotary drill bit
    US4373593A (en) * 1979-03-16 1983-02-15 Christensen, Inc. Drill bit
    US4660659A (en) * 1983-02-22 1987-04-28 Nl Industries, Inc. Drag type drill bit
    GB2138864B (en) * 1983-04-28 1986-07-30 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Roller drill bits
    GB8711255D0 (en) * 1987-05-13 1987-06-17 Nl Petroleum Prod Rotary drill bits
    US4981184A (en) * 1988-11-21 1991-01-01 Smith International, Inc. Diamond drag bit for soft formations
    US4932484A (en) * 1989-04-10 1990-06-12 Amoco Corporation Whirl resistant bit
    US5120327A (en) * 1991-03-05 1992-06-09 Diamant-Boart Stratabit (Usa) Inc. Cutting composite formed of cemented carbide substrate and diamond layer
    US5172778A (en) * 1991-11-14 1992-12-22 Baker-Hughes, Inc. Drill bit cutter and method for reducing pressure loading of cutters
    US5279375A (en) * 1992-03-04 1994-01-18 Baker Hughes Incorporated Multidirectional drill bit cutter
    US5486137A (en) * 1993-07-21 1996-01-23 General Electric Company Abrasive tool insert
    US5494477A (en) * 1993-08-11 1996-02-27 General Electric Company Abrasive tool insert
    WO1995016530A1 (en) * 1993-12-17 1995-06-22 Kennametal Inc. Polycrystalline diamond composite cutting insert for attachment to a tool
    ZA954736B (en) * 1994-06-16 1996-01-26 De Beers Ind Diamond Tool component

    Patent Citations (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO1996027072A1 (en) * 1995-02-27 1996-09-06 Champion Equipment Co. Method of cutting and cutting rotative bit

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    DE69609478D1 (en) 2000-08-31
    NO310312B1 (en) 2001-06-18
    FR2735522B1 (en) 1997-09-05
    RU2166608C2 (en) 2001-05-10
    NO970687D0 (en) 1997-02-14
    FR2735522A1 (en) 1996-12-20
    US5823277A (en) 1998-10-20
    CO4520157A1 (en) 1997-10-15
    EP0776409A1 (en) 1997-06-04
    CA2197351A1 (en) 1997-01-03
    NO970687L (en) 1997-03-13
    DE69609478T2 (en) 2002-05-08
    CA2197351C (en) 2007-10-02
    AU712588B2 (en) 1999-11-11
    WO1997000372A1 (en) 1997-01-03
    AR002487A1 (en) 1998-03-25
    AU6308196A (en) 1997-01-15

    Similar Documents

    Publication Publication Date Title
    BE1000489A3 (en) Rotary drilling tool.
    BE1016760A3 (en) ROTATING TREADS COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE ELEMENT EXTENDING SUBSTANTIALLY HELICOIDAL, THEIR METHODS OF OPERATION AND DESIGN.
    BE1014915A5 (en) Structure drilling subterranean.
    EP0776409B1 (en) Integral drilling tool bit
    BE1012823A5 (en) REPORTED ITEMS TO POINTE superabrasive bits EARTH DRILL.
    FR2502235A1 (en) CUTTING ELEMENT FOR ROTARY DRILL BIT FOR DEEP DRILLING IN GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS
    BE1012752A5 (en) Rotary drill bits DIRECTIONAL DRILLING FOR HAVING CUP FEATURES VARIABLE WEIGHT APPLY DEPENDING ON THE DRILL.
    BE1016273A3 (en) Process for drilling subterranean.
    BE1016271A3 (en) Drill and manufacturing method thereof.
    BE1014519A5 (en) Drilling head and method of use.
    BE1012649A5 (en) Cutting element with chamfer superabrasive plan supported by a counter and drill bits equipped with such element.
    EP0944765B1 (en) Drilling and/or coring tool
    BE1016350A3 (en) Apparatus and method for drilling land with better protection of reamers.
    BE1016272A3 (en) Drill and drilling method.
    BE1000252A4 (en) Grinding tool for removal equipment underground environment.
    BE1013011A5 (en) Element cutting drill drill, system and method for drilling training plastic soft.
    BE1013071A5 (en) ELEMENT CUTTING CONTACT SURFACE superabrasive CONTROLLED DRILLING BITS AND DRILLING TEAMS AND METHODS.
    BE1013805A5 (en) Drilling method of training ground with use of swing drill drill.
    FR2752263A1 (en) TREPAN WITH SHEAR CUTTING ELEMENTS
    FR2753745A1 (en) TREPAN OF DRILLING
    FR2677699A1 (en) DRILLING TOOL WITH ROTARY CONICAL WHEELS.
    FR2752597A1 (en) IMPROVED SOIL DRILL BIT
    FR2915232A1 (en) TREPAN FOR DRILLING A WELL AND METHOD FOR DRESSING THE SAME.
    EP2721242A2 (en) Two-centre rotary boring bit and method for deepening an existing well
    EP0625080B1 (en) Precision twist drill

    Legal Events

    Date Code Title Description
    PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

    17P Request for examination filed

    Effective date: 19970203

    AK Designated contracting states

    Kind code of ref document: A1

    Designated state(s): BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IE IT LI LU MC NL SE

    17Q First examination report despatched

    Effective date: 19990426

    GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

    GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

    GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

    17Q First examination report despatched

    Effective date: 19990426

    GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

    GRAA (expected) grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

    AK Designated contracting states

    Kind code of ref document: B1

    Designated state(s): BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IE IT LI LU MC NL SE

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: ES

    Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

    Effective date: 20000726

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: CH

    Ref legal event code: EP

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: IE

    Ref legal event code: FG4D

    Free format text: FRENCH

    GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

    Effective date: 20000726

    REF Corresponds to:

    Ref document number: 69609478

    Country of ref document: DE

    Date of ref document: 20000831

    ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

    Owner name: SAMA PATENTS

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: DK

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

    Effective date: 20001026

    PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

    STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

    Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: LI

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20010630

    Ref country code: CH

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20010630

    26N No opposition filed
    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: GB

    Ref legal event code: IF02

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: CH

    Ref legal event code: PL

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: FR

    Ref legal event code: PLFP

    Year of fee payment: 20

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: LU

    Payment date: 20150526

    Year of fee payment: 20

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: GB

    Payment date: 20150527

    Year of fee payment: 20

    Ref country code: DE

    Payment date: 20150521

    Year of fee payment: 20

    Ref country code: SE

    Payment date: 20150526

    Year of fee payment: 20

    Ref country code: MC

    Payment date: 20150526

    Year of fee payment: 20

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: FR

    Payment date: 20150526

    Year of fee payment: 20

    Ref country code: BE

    Payment date: 20150522

    Year of fee payment: 20

    Ref country code: NL

    Payment date: 20150521

    Year of fee payment: 20

    Ref country code: IT

    Payment date: 20150529

    Year of fee payment: 20

    Ref country code: IE

    Payment date: 20150525

    Year of fee payment: 20

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: DE

    Ref legal event code: R071

    Ref document number: 69609478

    Country of ref document: DE

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: NL

    Ref legal event code: MK

    Effective date: 20160606

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: GB

    Ref legal event code: PE20

    Expiry date: 20160606

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: IE

    Ref legal event code: MK9A

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: GB

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

    Effective date: 20160606

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: SE

    Ref legal event code: EUG

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: IE

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

    Effective date: 20160607