EP0775817B1 - Exhaust gas recirculation for supercharged internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Exhaust gas recirculation for supercharged internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0775817B1
EP0775817B1 EP96116740A EP96116740A EP0775817B1 EP 0775817 B1 EP0775817 B1 EP 0775817B1 EP 96116740 A EP96116740 A EP 96116740A EP 96116740 A EP96116740 A EP 96116740A EP 0775817 B1 EP0775817 B1 EP 0775817B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust
exhaust gas
gas recirculation
gas
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96116740A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0775817A1 (en
Inventor
Dr. Nunzio D'alfonso
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MAN Truck and Bus SE
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MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG
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Publication of EP0775817A1 publication Critical patent/EP0775817A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D21/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas
    • F02D21/06—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air
    • F02D21/08—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air the other gas being the exhaust gas of engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/09—Constructional details, e.g. structural combinations of EGR systems and supercharger systems; Arrangement of the EGR and supercharger systems with respect to the engine
    • F02M26/10—Constructional details, e.g. structural combinations of EGR systems and supercharger systems; Arrangement of the EGR and supercharger systems with respect to the engine having means to increase the pressure difference between the exhaust and intake system, e.g. venturis, variable geometry turbines, check valves using pressure pulsations or throttles in the air intake or exhaust system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
    • F02M26/15—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system in relation to engine exhaust purifying apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/42—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories having two or more EGR passages; EGR systems specially adapted for engines having two or more cylinders
    • F02M26/43—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories having two or more EGR passages; EGR systems specially adapted for engines having two or more cylinders in which exhaust from only one cylinder or only a group of cylinders is directed to the intake of the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/52—Systems for actuating EGR valves
    • F02M26/59—Systems for actuating EGR valves using positive pressure actuators; Check valves therefor
    • F02M26/61—Systems for actuating EGR valves using positive pressure actuators; Check valves therefor in response to exhaust pressure
    • F02M26/615—Systems for actuating EGR valves using positive pressure actuators; Check valves therefor in response to exhaust pressure the exhaust back pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/17—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the intake system
    • F02M26/21—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the intake system with EGR valves located at or near the connection to the intake system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/40—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with timing means in the recirculation passage, e.g. cyclically operating valves or regenerators; with arrangements involving pressure pulsations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/65—Constructional details of EGR valves
    • F02M26/72—Housings
    • F02M26/73—Housings with means for heating or cooling the EGR valve

Definitions

  • the invention relates to exhaust gas recirculation according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • Such a device is not able to set a higher exhaust pressure in front of the exhaust valve, which in all Operating states of the internal combustion engine would be able to, the charge air pressure in the To overcome charge air pipe. Via the line parallel to the exhaust manifold so much exhaust gas that even with the exhaust valve closed, the charge air pressure is not always is exceeded.
  • an exhaust gas recirculation is known in which the exhaust gas recirculation line branches off from the exhaust pipes in front of the inlet of the exhaust gas turbine and via a Exhaust control valve opens into the charge air line.
  • the control device consists of a Throttle valve which can be actuated by an actuator and which is located at the outlet of the exhaust gas turbine is arranged. Since such exhaust gas recirculation combines all exhaust pipes the back pressure caused by the throttle valve is one in all cylinders multi-cylinder internal combustion engine effective, which of course with a reduction the shaft power of the internal combustion engine is connected.
  • the object of the invention is sufficient in supercharged internal combustion engines Exhaust gas recirculation on the high pressure side in the entire map of the internal combustion engine to enable, with minimal influence on the gas exchange work in areas where the charge air pressure would otherwise exceed the exhaust gas pressure.
  • throttle and adjustable exhaust valve allows the Set the exhaust gas back pressure in front of the control device in all operating states that the exhaust gas flow to be set flows in the direction of the charge air system when exhaust gas recirculation it is asked for.
  • Claim 3 provides a development of the control device for optimal exhaust gas recirculation with minimal extension work.
  • Exhaust back pressure can be limited to the minimum number of cylinders, which is sufficient Exhaust gas recirculation rate ensures that the increase in gas exchange work through the higher back pressure remains limited to a small number of cylinders.
  • Figure 1 shows a circuit diagram of a pressure-side exhaust gas recirculation of a supercharged Internal combustion engine.
  • the example shows a six-cylinder internal combustion engine 1 with a turbocharger 2, consisting of turbine 3 and compressor 4.
  • the charge air can be recooled by a charge air cooler 5 and fed to a charge air pipe 6 will.
  • parts of the exhaust gas can be obtained by varying the Throttling effect of the control device 7 via an exhaust gas recirculation line 8 and an exhaust gas control valve 9 are returned to the charge air tube 6.
  • An exhaust gas cooler 10 can be connected upstream or downstream of the exhaust gas control valve 9.
  • the control device 7 consists of a line 12a with a throttle point 11 and an exhaust gas valve 12 connected in parallel thereto, which by a Actuator 13a is adjustable.
  • a line 12a with a throttle point 11 and an exhaust gas valve 12 connected in parallel thereto which by a Actuator 13a is adjustable.
  • the control device 7 with a Throttle point 11 and an exhaust gas control valve 12 and actuator connected in parallel therewith 13a is between the exhaust manifold 15 and exhaust gas bine 5 switched on.
  • a flap valve 7a can be arranged in the exhaust gas recirculation line 8. In order to is also with fully opened exhaust valve 12 in areas of high exhaust pressure pulsation reached a certain exhaust gas recirculation.
  • the control device 7 can be arranged downstream of the cylinder 14c (FIG. 2) and thus all 3 cylinders 14a, 14b, 14c of an exhaust gas flood for the generation of the Use exhaust back pressure and the exhaust gas flow to be recirculated.
  • exhaust gas If exhaust gas is now to be recirculated in a specific engine map, it can the flow through the exhaust valve 12 by means of fine adjustment by means of actuator 13a Compared to the throttle point 11 so that in front of the control device 7 builds up a defined exhaust gas pressure, which the charge air pressure in the charge air pipe 6 exceeds.
  • the amount of the exhaust gas recirculated via the exhaust gas line 8 can be determined by the position of the exhaust valve 12 can be adjusted.
  • the throttle point 11 is too dimension that with exhaust valve 12 closed in the area of the engine map, where the positive purge gradient is greatest, there is a sufficient exhaust gas recirculation rate sets the exhaust valve in the other areas of the engine map 12 is opened so far that the necessary exhaust gas recirculation rate is in each case the smallest possible exhaust gas back pressure upstream of the control device 7 sets, and that when the exhaust valve 12 is fully open in the areas of the engine map, where there should be no media exchange between the exhaust and air systems, the Exhaust gas control valve 9 is closed.
  • FIG. 4 An embodiment of the control device 7 is shown in Figures 4, 5. 4, the control device 7 is laterally together with the exhaust manifold 15 flanged to a cylinder head by means of screws 16a, 16b.
  • the housing 17 merges the exhaust valve 12 and the throttle point 11 and forms with the sections 15a, 15b of the exhaust manifold 15 is a structural unit.
  • the throttle point 11 connects the Sections 15a, 15b of the exhaust manifold 15, so that there is an overpressure in the exhaust space 19 can form, which through the exhaust valve connected in parallel to the throttle valve 11 12 can be regulated.
  • the exhaust valve 12 is controlled by an actuator 13a (Fig. 1) regulated.
  • a section V - V is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the housing 17 is connected to the section 15a Cylinder head, for example 14a (Fig. 1) flanged.
  • the exhaust gas space 19 is on the one hand via the throttle point 11 and on the other hand via the exhaust valve 12 with the section 15b of the exhaust manifold 15 (Fig. 4) connected.
  • the exhaust gas to be recycled passes through the flue gas recirculation line 8 flanged to the housing 17 1 apparent air manifold 6th

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Abgasrückführung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to exhaust gas recirculation according to the preamble of Claim 1.

Aus US-PS 4 249 382 ist eine Abgasrückführung für aufgeladene Brennkraftmaschinen bekannt, bei der nur ein Teil der Zylinder einer mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschine über ein Abgassammelrohr stromaufwärts einer Regeleinrichtung, sowie eine Abgasrückführleitung, einen Abgaskühler und ein Abgasregelventil mit einem Ladeluftrohr zum Zwecke der Abgasrückführung kommuniziert. Zur Regelung der Abgasrückführrate besteht die Regeleinrichtung aus einem von einem Stellglied betätigbaren Abgasventil und einer Leitung, welche den Rest der Abgase aufnimmt, welche nicht über das Abgassammelrohr fließen. Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist nicht in der Lage vor dem Abgasventil einen höheren Abgasdruck einzustellen, der in allen Betriebszuständen der Brennkraftmaschine in der Lage wäre, den Ladeluftdruck im Ladeluftrohr zu überwinden. Über die zum Abgassammelrohr parallele Leitung fließt soviel Abgas, daß selbst bei geschlossenem Abgasventil nicht immer der Ladeluftdruck überschritten wird.From US-PS 4,249,382 is an exhaust gas recirculation for supercharged internal combustion engines known in which only a part of the cylinders of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine via an exhaust manifold upstream of a control device and an exhaust gas recirculation line, an exhaust gas cooler and an exhaust gas control valve with a charge air pipe communicated for the purpose of exhaust gas recirculation. To regulate the exhaust gas recirculation rate the control device consists of an exhaust valve which can be actuated by an actuator and a pipe that receives the rest of the exhaust gases, which do not flow over the exhaust manifold. Such a device is not able to set a higher exhaust pressure in front of the exhaust valve, which in all Operating states of the internal combustion engine would be able to, the charge air pressure in the To overcome charge air pipe. Via the line parallel to the exhaust manifold so much exhaust gas that even with the exhaust valve closed, the charge air pressure is not always is exceeded.

Aus DE 32 37 337 A1 ist eine Abgasrückführung bekannt, in der die Abgasrückführleitung vor dem Eingang der Abgasturbine von den Abgasrohren abzweigt und über ein Abgasregelventil in die Ladeluftleitung mündet. Die Regeleinrichtung besteht aus einer von einem Stellglied betätigbaren Drosselklappe, welche am Ausgang der Abgasturbine angeordnet ist. Da eine derartige Abgasrückführung alle Abgasrohre zusammenfaßt wird der durch die Drosselklappe verursachte Staudruck in allen Zylindern einer mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschine wirksam, was selbstverständlich mit einer Verminderung der Wellenleistung der Brennkraftmaschine verbunden ist. From DE 32 37 337 A1 an exhaust gas recirculation is known in which the exhaust gas recirculation line branches off from the exhaust pipes in front of the inlet of the exhaust gas turbine and via a Exhaust control valve opens into the charge air line. The control device consists of a Throttle valve which can be actuated by an actuator and which is located at the outlet of the exhaust gas turbine is arranged. Since such exhaust gas recirculation combines all exhaust pipes the back pressure caused by the throttle valve is one in all cylinders multi-cylinder internal combustion engine effective, which of course with a reduction the shaft power of the internal combustion engine is connected.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es bei aufgeladenen Brennkraftmaschinen eine ausreichende Abgasrückführung auf der Hochdruckseite im ganzen Kennfeld der Brennkraftmaschine zu ermöglichen, mit minimaler Beeinflussung der Gaswechselarbeit in den Bereichen, in denen sonst der Ladeluftdruck den Abgasdruck übersteigt.The object of the invention is sufficient in supercharged internal combustion engines Exhaust gas recirculation on the high pressure side in the entire map of the internal combustion engine to enable, with minimal influence on the gas exchange work in areas where the charge air pressure would otherwise exceed the exhaust gas pressure.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst.According to the invention the object is achieved by the features of the patent claim 1 solved.

Durch das Zusammenspiel von Drosselstelle und regelbarem Abgasventil läßt sich der Abgasgegendruck vor der Regeleinrichtung in allen Betriebszuständen so einstellen, daß der einzustellende Abgasdurchsatz in Richtung Ladeluftsystem strömt, wenn Abgasrückführung gewünscht wird.The interplay of throttle and adjustable exhaust valve allows the Set the exhaust gas back pressure in front of the control device in all operating states that the exhaust gas flow to be set flows in the direction of the charge air system when exhaust gas recirculation it is asked for.

In den Kennfeldbereichen wo der Abgasgegendruck den Ladeluftdruck übersteigt, wird das Abgasventil geöffnet, wodurch sich die Ausschiebearbeit auf das Normalmaß reduziert. Durch die Zusammenfassung aller Elemente zu einer baulichen Einheit wird eine raumsparende und kostengünstige Lösung erzielt.In the map areas where the exhaust gas back pressure exceeds the charge air pressure the exhaust valve is opened, which reduces the push-out work to normal. By combining all elements into one structural unit achieved a space-saving and inexpensive solution.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung ist Anspruch 2 zu entnehmen. Durch Zusammenfassung zweier Zylinder kann die Rückführrate erhöht werden, ohne daß die Wellenleistung der Brennkraftmaschine zu sehr leidet.An advantageous further development can be found in claim 2. By summary the return rate of two cylinders can be increased without reducing the shaft power the internal combustion engine suffers too much.

Anspruch 3 stellt eine Weiterbildung der Regeleinrichtung zur optimalen Abgasrückführung bei minimaler Ausschiebearbeit dar.Claim 3 provides a development of the control device for optimal exhaust gas recirculation with minimal extension work.

In mehrzylindrigen Maschinen kann gemäß Anspruch 3 der dadurch entstehende höhere Abgasgegendruck auf die minimalste Zylinderzahl beschränkt werden, die eine ausreichende Abgasrückführrate sichert, so daß die Erhöhung der Gaswechselarbeit durch den höheren Gegendruck auf eine kleine Anzahl von Zylindern beschränkt bleibt.In multi-cylinder machines, the resulting higher can Exhaust back pressure can be limited to the minimum number of cylinders, which is sufficient Exhaust gas recirculation rate ensures that the increase in gas exchange work through the higher back pressure remains limited to a small number of cylinders.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung kann ferner dem Patentanspruch 4 entnommen werden.An advantageous further development can be found in claim 4.

Ausführungsbeispiele für eine Abgasrückführung an einer aufgeladenen Brennkraftmaschine sind in Zeichnungen dargestellt. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
ein Schaltschema einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Abgasturbolader und einer Regeleinrichtung zur druckseitigen Abgasrückführung.
Fig. 2
ein Schaltschema einer Brennkraftmaschine mit zweiflutiger Abgasturboaufladung, wobei die Regeleinrichtung stromabwärts von Zylinder 14a angeordnet ist.
Fig. 3
ein Schaltschema einer Brennkraftmaschine mit zweiflutiger Abgasturboaufladung, wobei die Regeleinrichtung stromabwärts der Zylinder 14a, 14b angeordnet ist.
Fig. 4
ein Beispiel einer konstruktiven Ausbildung der Einrichtung 7, die stromabwärts des Zylinders Nr. 6 angeordnet ist.
Fig. 5
einen Schnitt V-V durch die Einheit von Drossel und Abgasventil von Fig. 4.
Exemplary embodiments for exhaust gas recirculation on a supercharged internal combustion engine are shown in the drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1
a circuit diagram of an internal combustion engine with exhaust gas turbocharger and a control device for pressure-side exhaust gas recirculation.
Fig. 2
a circuit diagram of an internal combustion engine with twin-flow exhaust gas turbocharging, the control device being arranged downstream of cylinder 14a.
Fig. 3
a circuit diagram of an internal combustion engine with twin-flow exhaust gas turbocharging, the control device being arranged downstream of the cylinders 14a, 14b.
Fig. 4
an example of a structural design of the device 7, which is arranged downstream of the cylinder No. 6.
Fig. 5
a section VV through the unit of throttle and exhaust valve of Fig. 4th

Figur 1 stellt ein Schaltschema einer druckseitigen Abgasrückführung einer aufgeladenen Brennkraftmaschine dar. Das Beispiel zeigt eine sechszylindrige Brennkraftmaschine 1 mit einem Turbolader 2, bestehend aus Turbine 3 und Verdichter 4. Die Ladeluft kann durch einen Ladeluftkühler 5 rückgekühlt und einem Ladeluftrohr 6 zugeführt werden. Erfindungsgemäß können Teile des Abgases durch eine Variation der Drosselwirkung der Regeleinrichtung 7 über eine Abgasrückführleitung 8 und ein Abgasregelventil 9 ins Ladeluftrohr 6 zurückgeführt werden. Zur Kühlung des Abgases kann dem Abgasregelventil 9 ein Abgaskühler 10 vor- bzw. nachgeschaltet sein.Figure 1 shows a circuit diagram of a pressure-side exhaust gas recirculation of a supercharged Internal combustion engine. The example shows a six-cylinder internal combustion engine 1 with a turbocharger 2, consisting of turbine 3 and compressor 4. The charge air can be recooled by a charge air cooler 5 and fed to a charge air pipe 6 will. According to the invention, parts of the exhaust gas can be obtained by varying the Throttling effect of the control device 7 via an exhaust gas recirculation line 8 and an exhaust gas control valve 9 are returned to the charge air tube 6. For cooling the exhaust gas An exhaust gas cooler 10 can be connected upstream or downstream of the exhaust gas control valve 9.

Die erfindungsgemäße Regeleinrichtung 7 besteht aus einerLeitung 12a mit Drosselstelle 11 und einem dazu parallel geschalteten Abgasventil 12, welches durch ein Stellglied 13a regelbar ist. Vor der Regeleinrichtung 7 zweigt von einem Abgassammelrohr 15 die Abgasrückführleitung 8 ab, welche über das Abgasregelventil 9 in den druckseitigen Bereich des Ladeluftrohres 6 mündet. Die Regeleinrichtung 7 mit einer Drosselstelle 11 und einem dazu parallel geschalteten Abgasregelventil 12 und Stellglied 13a ist zwischen dem Abgassammelrohr 15 und Abgastur bine 5 eingeschaltet. Auf dem Weg vom Abgassammelrohr 15 zum Ladeluftrohr 6 kann in der Abgasrückführleitung 8 ein Flatterventil 7a angeordnet werden. Damit wird auch bei voll geöffnetem Abgasventil 12 in Bereichen hoher Abgasdruckpulsation eine gewisse Abgasrückführung erreicht.The control device 7 according to the invention consists of a line 12a with a throttle point 11 and an exhaust gas valve 12 connected in parallel thereto, which by a Actuator 13a is adjustable. In front of the control device 7 branches from an exhaust manifold 15 from the exhaust gas recirculation line 8, which via the exhaust gas control valve 9 in the area on the pressure side of the charge air pipe 6 opens out. The control device 7 with a Throttle point 11 and an exhaust gas control valve 12 and actuator connected in parallel therewith 13a is between the exhaust manifold 15 and exhaust gas bine 5 switched on. On the way from the exhaust manifold 15 to the charge air pipe 6 a flap valve 7a can be arranged in the exhaust gas recirculation line 8. In order to is also with fully opened exhaust valve 12 in areas of high exhaust pressure pulsation reached a certain exhaust gas recirculation.

Damit die Verluste in der Gaswechselphase bei Erhöhung des von der Regeleinrichtung 7 erzeugten Auspuffgegendruckes zum Zwecke der Erstellung der gewünschten Abgasrückführrate minimal bleiben, soll bei mehrzylindrigen Maschinen die Anzahl n der vom erhöhten Gegendruck beaufschlagten Zylindern so klein wie möglich gehalten werden. Die Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen den Fall einer 6-Zylinder-Reihenmaschine mit zweiflutiger Turboaufladung. Nach Fig. 2 wird nur ein Zylinder, und zwar der schwungradseitige Zylinder 14a der regelbaren Drosselwirkung der Regeleinrichtung 7 unterworfen. Trotz des pulsierenden Abgasdruckes stromaufwärts der Regeleinrichtung 7 ist bei dieser Zylinderzahl n = 1 eine für bestimmte NOx-Konzentrationen im Abgas ausreichende Abgasrückführrate einstellbar.In order for the losses in the gas exchange phase to remain minimal when the exhaust back pressure generated by the control device 7 is increased for the purpose of creating the desired exhaust gas recirculation rate, the number n of cylinders acted upon by the increased back pressure should be kept as small as possible. Figures 2 and 3 show the case of a 6-cylinder in-line engine with double-flow turbocharging. According to FIG. 2, only one cylinder, namely the cylinder 14a on the flywheel side, is subjected to the controllable throttling action of the control device 7. Despite the pulsating exhaust gas pressure upstream of the control device 7, an exhaust gas recirculation rate that is sufficient for certain NO x concentrations in the exhaust gas can be set at this number of cylinders n = 1.

Eine Erhöhung der Abgasrückführrate ergibt sich nach Fig. 3 dadurch, daß die Zahl der Zylinder auf n = 2 erhöht wird. Der Regeleinrichtung 7 sind dann die Zylinder 14a und 14b vorgeschaltet.An increase in the exhaust gas recirculation rate results from FIG. 3 in that the number of Cylinder is increased to n = 2. The control device 7 are then the cylinders 14a and 14b upstream.

Die Regeleinrichtung 7 kann bis stromabwärts des Zylinders 14c (Fig. 2) angeordnet werden und somit alle 3 Zylinder 14a, 14b, 14c einer Abgasflut für die Erzeugung des Abgasgegendruckes und des rückzuführenden Abgasstroms benutzen.The control device 7 can be arranged downstream of the cylinder 14c (FIG. 2) and thus all 3 cylinders 14a, 14b, 14c of an exhaust gas flood for the generation of the Use exhaust back pressure and the exhaust gas flow to be recirculated.

Soll nun in einem bestimmten Motorkennfeld Abgas zurückgeführt werden, so kann durch Feinregulierung mittels Stellglied 13a der Durchfluß durch das Abgasventil 12 gegenüber der Drosselstelle 11 so eingestellt werden, daß sich vor der Regeleinrichtung 7 ein definierter Abgasdruck aufbaut, der den Ladeluftdruck im Ladeluftrohr 6 übersteigt. Die Menge des über die Abgasleitung 8 rückgeführten Abgases kann durch die Lage des Abgasventils 12 eingestellt werden. Ferner ist die Drosselstelle 11 so zu dimmensionieren, daß bei geschlossenem Abgasventil 12 in dem Bereich des Motorkennfeldes, wo das positive Spülgefälle am größten ist, sich eine ausreichende Abgasrückführrate einstellt, daß in den anderen Bereichen des Motorkennfeldes das Abgasventil 12 soweit geöffnet wird, daß sich die jeweils notwendige Abgasrückführrate bei jeweils kleinstmöglichem Abgasgegendruck stromaufwärts der Regeleinrichtung 7 einstellt, und daß bei voll geöffnetem Abgasventil 12 in den Bereichen des Motorkennfeldes, wo kein Medienaustausch zwischen Abgas- und Luftsystem stattfinden soll, das Abgasregelventil 9 geschlossen wird.If exhaust gas is now to be recirculated in a specific engine map, it can the flow through the exhaust valve 12 by means of fine adjustment by means of actuator 13a Compared to the throttle point 11 so that in front of the control device 7 builds up a defined exhaust gas pressure, which the charge air pressure in the charge air pipe 6 exceeds. The amount of the exhaust gas recirculated via the exhaust gas line 8 can be determined by the position of the exhaust valve 12 can be adjusted. Furthermore, the throttle point 11 is too dimension that with exhaust valve 12 closed in the area of the engine map, where the positive purge gradient is greatest, there is a sufficient exhaust gas recirculation rate sets the exhaust valve in the other areas of the engine map 12 is opened so far that the necessary exhaust gas recirculation rate is in each case the smallest possible exhaust gas back pressure upstream of the control device 7 sets, and that when the exhaust valve 12 is fully open in the areas of the engine map, where there should be no media exchange between the exhaust and air systems, the Exhaust gas control valve 9 is closed.

Ist bei voll geöffnetem Abgasventil 12 der Abgasgegendruck höher als der Ladedruck, regelt das Abgasregelventil 9 die Abgasrückführrate.If the exhaust gas back pressure is higher than the boost pressure when the exhaust valve 12 is fully open, regulates the exhaust gas recirculation rate 9.

Soll kein Abgas zurückgeführt werden und kein Abgas- bzw. Ladeluftaustausch zwischen Abgaskrümmer und Ladeluftrohr stattfinden, so wird das Abgasregelventil 9 vollständig gesperrt. Somit strömt keine Druckluft vom Ladeluftrohr in den Auspuffkrümmer und keine Nachteile in der Gaswechselschleife sind zu verzeichnen. (Fig. 1)No exhaust gas should be returned and no exhaust gas or charge air exchange between Exhaust manifold and charge air pipe take place, the exhaust gas control valve 9 completely locked. This means that no compressed air flows from the charge air pipe into the exhaust manifold and there are no disadvantages in the gas exchange loop. (Fig. 1)

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel für die Regeleinrichtung 7 ist in den Figuren 4, 5 dargestellt. Nach Fig. 4 ist die Regeleinrichtung 7 seitlich zusammen mit dem Abgaskrümmer 15 mittels Schrauben 16a, 16b an einen Zylinderkopf angeflanscht. Das Gehäuse 17 vereinigt das Abgasventil 12 und die Drosselstelle 11 und bildet mit den Abschnitten 15a, 15b des Abgaskrümmers 15 eine bauliche Einheit. Die Drosselstelle 11 verbindet die Abschnitte 15a, 15b des Abgaskrümmers 15, so daß sich im Abgasraum 19 ein Überdruck ausbilden kann, welcher durch das zur Drosselstelle 11 parallel geschaltete Abgasventil 12 geregelt werden kann. Das Abgasventil 12 wird durch ein Stellglied 13a (Fig. 1) geregelt. Zur Kühlung des Abgasventils 12 ist es vorteilhaft, die Ventilführung 20 mit Kühlrippen 21 zu versehen.An embodiment of the control device 7 is shown in Figures 4, 5. 4, the control device 7 is laterally together with the exhaust manifold 15 flanged to a cylinder head by means of screws 16a, 16b. The housing 17 merges the exhaust valve 12 and the throttle point 11 and forms with the sections 15a, 15b of the exhaust manifold 15 is a structural unit. The throttle point 11 connects the Sections 15a, 15b of the exhaust manifold 15, so that there is an overpressure in the exhaust space 19 can form, which through the exhaust valve connected in parallel to the throttle valve 11 12 can be regulated. The exhaust valve 12 is controlled by an actuator 13a (Fig. 1) regulated. To cool the exhaust valve 12, it is advantageous to guide the valve 20 to be provided with cooling fins 21.

Einen Schnitt V - V zeigt Fig. 5. Das Gehäuse 17 ist mittels des Abschnittes 15a an den Zylinderkopf, beispielsweise 14a ( Fig. 1 ) angeflanscht. Der Abgasraum 19 ist einerseits über die Drosselstelle 11 und andererseits über das Abgasventil 12 mit dem Abschnitt 15b des Abgaskrümmers 15 (Fig. 4 ) verbunden. Das rückzuführende Abgas gelangt über die an das Gehäuse 17 angeflanschte Abgasrückführleitung 8 in das aus Fig. 1 ersichtliche Luftsammelrohr 6.A section V - V is shown in FIG. 5. The housing 17 is connected to the section 15a Cylinder head, for example 14a (Fig. 1) flanged. The exhaust gas space 19 is on the one hand via the throttle point 11 and on the other hand via the exhaust valve 12 with the section 15b of the exhaust manifold 15 (Fig. 4) connected. The exhaust gas to be recycled passes through the flue gas recirculation line 8 flanged to the housing 17 1 apparent air manifold 6th

Bei Motoren mit einflutiger Turboaufladung (Fig. 1) und bei mechanisch aufgeladenen Motoren ist die Anbringung der Vorrichtung 7 unmittelbar vor Eingang der Abgasturbine bzw. am Ausgang des Abgassammelrohrs möglich. Die Beaufschlagung sämtlicher Zylinder n mit erhöhtem Abgasgegendruck verursacht zwar größere Verluste in der Gaswechselphase bzw. ungünstigere Verhältnisse für die Turboaufladung, bietet jedoch Vorteile im gleichmäßigen und pulsationsarmen Abgasstrom in der Rückführleitung.For engines with single-flow turbocharging (Fig. 1) and for mechanically charged ones Motors is the attachment of the device 7 immediately before the input of the exhaust gas turbine or at the outlet of the exhaust manifold. The application of all Cylinder n with increased exhaust gas back pressure causes greater losses in the gas exchange phase or less favorable conditions for turbocharging however, advantages in the uniform and low-pulsation exhaust gas flow in the return line.

Claims (4)

  1. An exhaust-gas recirculation system in supercharged internal-combustion engines, wherein the exhaust gas from one or more cylinders is extracted from an exhaust manifold (15) upstream of a control arrangement (7) and fed back into a charge-air pipe (6) via an exhaust-gas recirculation line (8), an exhaust-gas cooler (10) and an exhaust-gas control valve (9), wherein the control arrangement (7) comprises an exhaust-gas valve (12) controllable by means of a control element (13a), characterised in that the control arrangement (7) also has a line (12a) connected parallel to the exhaust-gas valve (12), in that a throttle point (11) is incorporated into the line (12a) in such a manner that the throttle point (11) and the exhaust-gas valve (12) are combined in a housing (17) to form a structural unit, in that the housing (17) is incorporated into an exhaust manifold (15) between pipe sections (15a, 15b), and in that an exhaust-gas chamber (19), arranged between the sections (15a, 15b), is connected to the charge-air pipe (6) via an exhaust-gas recirculation line (8) and an exhaust-gas control valve (9).
  2. An exhaust-gas recirculation system according to claim 1, characterised in that the control arrangement (7) is arranged between two adjacent cylinders (14a, 14b) in multi-cylinder internal-combustion engines, the outer cylinder (14a) being associated with the flywheel end of the internal-combustion engine.
  3. An exhaust-gas recirculation system according to claim 1, characterised in that, in n-cylinder engines, the control arrangement (7) is connected downstream of a number of cylinders smaller than n.
  4. An exhaust-gas recirculation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that a flutter valve (7a) is arranged in the exhaust-gas recirculation line (8) between the exhaust manifold (15) and the charge-air pipe (6).
EP96116740A 1995-11-21 1996-10-18 Exhaust gas recirculation for supercharged internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime EP0775817B1 (en)

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DE19543290A DE19543290C2 (en) 1995-11-21 1995-11-21 Exhaust gas recirculation on supercharged internal combustion engines
DE19543290 1995-11-21

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DE19744936A1 (en) * 1997-10-10 1999-04-15 Deutz Ag Turbocharged internal combustion engine with exhaust gas recycling
DE19836677C2 (en) * 1998-08-13 2001-04-19 Daimler Chrysler Ag Engine brake device for an internal combustion engine with an exhaust gas turbocharger
US6089019A (en) * 1999-01-15 2000-07-18 Borgwarner Inc. Turbocharger and EGR system
DE19929449A1 (en) * 1999-06-26 2000-12-28 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Exhaust gas recirculation line for internal combustion engines
AT413863B (en) * 1999-08-04 2006-06-15 Man Steyr Ag EXHAUST GAS RECYCLING METHOD ON A MULTI-CYLINDER HUB PISTON COMBUSTION ENGINE RECHARGED BY ABSOLUTE EXHAUST BOLDER
US20120325187A1 (en) * 2011-06-21 2012-12-27 Caterpillar Inc. Egr flow control for large engines

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DE19543290C2 (en) 1998-07-02
DE59600861D1 (en) 1999-01-07
DE19543290A1 (en) 1997-05-22

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