EP0773571B1 - Release mechanism, in particular for an earth fault circuit breaker - Google Patents

Release mechanism, in particular for an earth fault circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0773571B1
EP0773571B1 EP96810587A EP96810587A EP0773571B1 EP 0773571 B1 EP0773571 B1 EP 0773571B1 EP 96810587 A EP96810587 A EP 96810587A EP 96810587 A EP96810587 A EP 96810587A EP 0773571 B1 EP0773571 B1 EP 0773571B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
armature
plunger
magnetic
force
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96810587A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0773571A1 (en
Inventor
Willy Schwarz
Dominique Girardin
Siegfried Mayer
Gerhard Schneider
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ABB Schweiz AG
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ABB Schweiz AG
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Publication of EP0773571A1 publication Critical patent/EP0773571A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a trigger, especially for a residual current device (RCD), according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a trigger exhibits a constant magnetic flux leading magnetic circuit with a fixed yoke and a movable armature on as well as one on the magnetic circuit acting trip coil.
  • a trigger variable such as a fault current
  • a signal fed In the release coil is when you occur a trigger variable, such as a fault current, a signal fed.
  • This input signal generates in the trip coil a magnetic flux, which is the permanent magnetic flux on Anchor location weakens. That of a pre-tensioned spring loaded anchor will weaken the magnetic Continuous flow is lifted from the yoke and releases a pestle mechanical actuation of a device.
  • the plunger acts on a key switch, which opens the Contact arrangement of the FI switch causes. That of the trip coil input signal is proportional to the Residual current and is from a residual current transformer of the RCD educated.
  • the invention takes on a prior art of trigger devices for FI switches, as described in EP 0228 345 B1 and reprinted from “etz” issue no.13 (1984) "Residual current circuit breaker: Constructive solutions, trends and principles for your applications "Dr.J.Feitknecht c / o CMC, Schaffhausen, is described.
  • the triggers described act on a preloaded coil tension spring when the magnetic circuit is closed, the anchor with a Force which is the anchor against the force of the magnetic Lift the continuous magnetic flow from the yoke and want to open the magnetic circuit.
  • This spring also serves the drive of the after opening the magnetic circuit on the Switch lock of the RCD acting plunger.
  • the spring Since this is a relatively large force is necessary, the spring demonstrates closed magnetic circuit a considerable bias on. If a fault current occurs, it can then take off of the anchor from the yoke with the preloaded spring over the anchor act on the plunger with a force sufficient to Trigger switch lock and the contact arrangement of the FI switch to open.
  • the high preload requires a strong one magnetic circuit and accordingly a powerful one Summation current transformer with a high output power. This Output power must be at least so large that that of the Tripping coil by the current supplied by the summation current transformer formed and coupled into the magnetic circuit Flow the continuous magnetic flow in a circle so far can compensate that the magnetic holding force is less than the preload force generated by the spring.
  • a triggering device published in DE 27 10 869 A1 a latching relay which corresponds to the closest prior art according to the preamble of claim 1 has one with one in the operating state Coil spring preloaded anchor as well as a slight one bent bending leaf spring. When triggered, the strikes Anchor on the bending leaf spring and causes the spring to jump over now act with great force on a plunger of the switch Feather.
  • the invention as set out in the claims is based on the task of a trigger, especially for to create an FI switch, which is simple and small dimensions and high responsiveness distinguished.
  • the trigger according to the invention is simple and needs only low to generate large output power Input power. Accordingly, all input power determinants Elements, such as the residual current transformer of the RCD, and all elements determined by the input power, like a permanent magnet feeding the magnetic circuit, small dimensioned, and can also be small fault currents with large Security can be detected and switched off. Because of the Triggers according to the invention delivered great power in a FI switch equipped with such a release robust and therefore particularly reliable switch lock be used.
  • Trigger has a trough-shaped bottom 1 and one Cover 2 existing insulating housing.
  • the lid 2 is an opening 3 is provided which the vertical guidance of a cylindrical plunger 4 is used.
  • the plunger 4 has thickened lower end, which on one as bow-shaped curved leaf spring and designed as a snap spring 5 acting spring element sits.
  • the upward end of the plunger 4 acts on a contact arrangement via a key switch a FI switch, not shown.
  • the ram 4 is a particularly simple embodiment of one in the trigger used and in an alternative version, for example as Articulated transmission member.
  • the spring 5 has two blade ends 6 and a central part acting on the ram 4 7 on. On the central part 7 there are fasteners not shown intended to hold a cuboid trained armature 8 of a magnetic circuit on the from Side of the central part facing away from the tappet 7.
  • the reference numeral 9 is an intermediate floor made of insulating material denotes which serves to hold a release coil 10, and which two led up and the attachment of the spring Has 5 enabling projections 11, 12.
  • the magnetic circle contains in addition to the armature 8 also one of two yoke plates 13, 14 and a magnetically poorly conductive air gap disk 15 formed yoke 16 and a constant permanent magnetic flux cuboid permanent magnet 17 feeding into the yoke 16.
  • the Ram 4 with its flared lower end on one biased damping spring 28 supported.
  • the damping spring 28 is centered on the side facing the ram 4 Middle part 7 of the spring 5 arranged.
  • the spring 5 is with their both ends 6 clamped in guides which in the projections 11 and 12 are incorporated.
  • the trip coil 10 is with the help of two power connections 29 led through the base 1 electrical power, which occurs when a Residual current is formed in the total current transformer.
  • switch lock is also Contact arrangement of the FI switch, not shown, opened.
  • the current becomes one Consumer and at the same time interrupted by the summation current transformer. Accordingly, the trip coil 10 does not Input power supplied.
  • the permanent magnet 17, the Yoke 16 and the armature 8 formed magnetic circuit is open, since the armature by the biased spring 5 of pole faces 30 of Yokes 16 has been removed.
  • the trigger By pushing the plunger into that of base 1 and cover 2 formed housing, the trigger can be reloaded. At the Pressing in the plunger 4 becomes the one that serves as an energy store Spring 5 is charged and at the same time the magnetic circuit through Pressing the armature 8 closed on the pole faces 30. unwanted Impact forces and associated damage to the Pole surfaces are avoided by the damping spring 28 (Fig.3).
  • the spring 5 is curved in such a way that it has the non-linear and at least sectionally negative spring characteristic curve shown in FIG. 4, shown in solid lines.
  • the working point of the spring 5 is in the rising part of the characteristic in a position in which the plunger 4 is held up with a large force F I.
  • F I a large force
  • a maximum when charging the spring characteristic exceeded and the operating point in the negative range of the characteristic curve can be the negative areas of the spring characteristic run differently. It is particularly important that after the Charging the operating point lies in an area of the characteristic curve, in which a force acts that forces the armature 8 from the pole faces 30 want to stand out, and the small compared to the especially in The maximum force of the characteristic is. This is in generally the case when the working point of the spring 5 in negative range is just above the zero crossing of the force F. As a result, there is an abortion acting on the armature 8 Ensures strength and secondly ensures that this Force is low.
  • Springs 5 with non-linear, at least partially negative, characteristic curves are particularly favorable, in which the operating point in the charged state of the trigger can be set close to zero force, since then yoke 16 and permanent magnet 17 need only have a particularly low magnetic holding force F ' II ,
  • Such springs can be designed as a snap spring. The working point can be set back to a minimum of the characteristic curve if it is designed as a bow-shaped snap spring.
  • the characteristic curve has a zero crossing, as is possible, for example, in the case of a plate spring, the magnetic holding force F '' II may be relatively low, but because of the steep rise in the characteristic curve in the area of the zero crossing, the working point must be set higher for safety reasons , This is particularly so because, for manufacturing reasons, the characteristic curve of the spring 5 deviates within a certain tolerance range from the characteristic curve of a correspondingly produced and essentially equivalent spring.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show a spring element which can be used in a particularly advantageous manner in the trigger according to the invention.
  • This spring element consists of two interacting springs 32 and 33, of which the spring 32, which is preferably designed as a snap or plate spring, has a non-linear, at least sectionally negative spring characteristic F 32 and the spring 33, preferably designed as a coil spring, has a linear spring characteristic F 33 .
  • the spring 32 is clamped on the projections 11, 12 in accordance with the spring 5 and carries the armature 8 in its central part on the side facing the magnetic circuit.
  • the spring 33 is supported at its lower end on the yoke plates 13, 14 and is supported with it from its upper end with a prestressing force on the armature 8
  • the biasing force of the spring 33 is now dimensioned by suitable dimensioning such that the spring element formed by the springs 32 and 33 has the spring characteristic F 32 + F 33 shown in FIG. 6 and formed by superimposing the two spring characteristics F 32 and F 33 .
  • This spring characteristic corresponds to the spring characteristic described in FIG. 4 in connection with the forces F I and F II .
  • the spring element formed from the springs 32 and 33 has the additional advantage that the working point of the snap or plate spring 32 in the loaded position can be suitably dimensioned by the biasing force exerted by the spring 33 State of the trigger is certainly kept in the positive force range. In this way, a reliable response of the trigger according to the invention is always guaranteed, regardless of fluctuations in the manufacturing process in the manufacture of the snap or plate spring 32.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)
  • Arc Welding Control (AREA)

Abstract

The FI-switch release has a housing with a pin Ä4Ü that is displaced axially to operate contacts to operate an isolating switch. The actuator has an armature Ä8Ü that is supported on leaf spring element Ä5Ü and is normally in a position where the armature sits against pole surfaces Ä30Ü in a plate . On the underside of the plate is a yoke Ä16 and permanent magnets Ä17Ü, together with a coil Ä10Ü. When the coil current is sufficient a magnetic field is generated and the armature responds to displace the pin.

Description

TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA

Bei der Erfindung wird ausgegangen von einem Auslöser, insbesondere für einen Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter (FI-Schalter), nach dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1. Ein solcher Auslöser weist einen konstanten magnetischen Dauerfluss führenden magnetischen Kreis mit einem feststehenden Joch und einem beweglichen Anker auf sowie eine auf den magnetischen Kreis wirkende Auslösespule. In die Auslösespule wird beim Auftreten einer Auslösegrösse, etwa eines Fehlerstroms, ein Signal eingespeist. Dieses Eingangssignal erzeugt in der Auslösespule einen magnetischen Fluss, welcher den magnetischen Dauerfluss am Ort des Ankers schwächt. Der von einer vorgespannten Feder belastete Anker wird bei der Schwächung des magnetischen Dauerflusses vom Joch abgehoben und löst ein Stössel zur mechanischen Betätigung eines Gerätes aus. Bei einem FI-Schalter wirkt der Stössel auf ein Schaltschloss, welches ein Öffnen der Kontaktanordnung des FI-Schalters bewirkt. Das der Auslösespule zugeführte Eingangssignal ist hierbei proportional dem Fehlerstrom und wird von einem Summenstromwandler des FI-Schalters gebildet.The invention is based on a trigger, especially for a residual current device (RCD), according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a trigger exhibits a constant magnetic flux leading magnetic circuit with a fixed yoke and a movable armature on as well as one on the magnetic circuit acting trip coil. In the release coil is when you occur a trigger variable, such as a fault current, a signal fed. This input signal generates in the trip coil a magnetic flux, which is the permanent magnetic flux on Anchor location weakens. That of a pre-tensioned spring loaded anchor will weaken the magnetic Continuous flow is lifted from the yoke and releases a pestle mechanical actuation of a device. At an FI switch the plunger acts on a key switch, which opens the Contact arrangement of the FI switch causes. That of the trip coil input signal is proportional to the Residual current and is from a residual current transformer of the RCD educated.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Die Erfindung nimmt auf einen Stand der Technik von Auslösevorrichtungen für FI-Schalter Bezug, wie er in EP 0228 345 B1 und im Sonderdruck aus "etz" Heft Nr.13 (1984) "Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter: Konstruktive Lösungen, Entwicklungstendenzen und Grundsätze für ihre Anwendungen" Dr.J.Feitknecht c/o CMC, Schaffhausen, beschrieben ist. Bei den in diesem stand der Technik beschriebenen Auslösern beaufschlagt eine vorgespannte Schraubenzugfeder bei geschlossenem magnetischem Kreis den Anker mit einer Kraft, welche den Anker entgegen der Kraft des im magnetischen Kreis geführten magnetischen Dauerflusses vom Joch abheben und den magnetischen Kreis öffnen möchte. Diese Feder dient zugleich dem Antrieb des nach dem Öffnen des magnetischen Kreises auf das Schaltschloss des FI-Schalters wirkenden Stössels. Da hierzu eine verhältnismässig grosse Kraft notwendig ist, weist die Feder bei geschlossenem magnetischem Kreis eine beträchtliche Vorspannung auf. Beim Auftreten eines Fehlerstroms kann dann nach dem Abheben des Ankers vom Joch die vorgespannte Feder über den Anker mit einer Kraft auf den Stössel einwirken, welche ausreicht, das Schaltschloss auszulösen und die Kontaktanordnung des FI-Schalters zu öffnen. Die hohe Vorspannung bedingt jedoch einen starken magnetischen Kreis und dementsprechend auch einen leistungsstarken Summenstromwandler mit einer hohen Ausgangsleistung. Diese Ausgangsleistung muss zumindest so gross sein, dass der von der Auslösespule durch den vom Summenstromwandler zugeführten Strom gebildete und in den magnetischen Kreis eingekoppelte magnetische Fluss den im Kreis geführten magnetischen Dauerfluss soweit kompensieren kann, dass die magnetische Haltekraft kleiner als die durch die Feder erzeugte Vorspannkraft wird.The invention takes on a prior art of trigger devices for FI switches, as described in EP 0228 345 B1 and reprinted from "etz" issue no.13 (1984) "Residual current circuit breaker: Constructive solutions, trends and principles for your applications "Dr.J.Feitknecht c / o CMC, Schaffhausen, is described. In this state of the art The triggers described act on a preloaded coil tension spring when the magnetic circuit is closed, the anchor with a Force which is the anchor against the force of the magnetic Lift the continuous magnetic flow from the yoke and want to open the magnetic circuit. This spring also serves the drive of the after opening the magnetic circuit on the Switch lock of the RCD acting plunger. Since this is a relatively large force is necessary, the spring demonstrates closed magnetic circuit a considerable bias on. If a fault current occurs, it can then take off of the anchor from the yoke with the preloaded spring over the anchor act on the plunger with a force sufficient to Trigger switch lock and the contact arrangement of the FI switch to open. However, the high preload requires a strong one magnetic circuit and accordingly a powerful one Summation current transformer with a high output power. This Output power must be at least so large that that of the Tripping coil by the current supplied by the summation current transformer formed and coupled into the magnetic circuit Flow the continuous magnetic flow in a circle so far can compensate that the magnetic holding force is less than the preload force generated by the spring.

Eine weitere mit einem magnetischen Kreis arbeitende Auslösevorrichtung für einen Fehlerstromschutzschalter ist in der deutschen Auslegeschrift 2 059 052 angegeben. Bei dieser Auslösevorrichtung wirkt der Anker des magnetischen Kreises auf eine mit einer erheblichen Kraft vorgespannte, drehbare Klinke eines Schaltschlosses des Schalters. Der Anker wird durch eine geeignet eingestellte Zugfeder ausgelöst, die im Betriebszustand der Auslösevorrichtung eine geringe Kraft und beim Auslösen der Klinke eine grosse Kraft auf den Anker überträgt. Another working with a magnetic circuit Tripping device for a residual current circuit breaker is in the German specification 2 059 052 specified. At this Tripping device acts on the armature of the magnetic circuit a rotatable pawl preloaded with considerable force a switch lock of the switch. The anchor is replaced by a suitably adjusted tension spring triggered in the operating state the trigger device a small force and when triggering the Jack transfers a large force to the anchor.

Eine in DE 27 10 869 A1 veröffentlichte Auslösevorrichtung für ein Haftrelais die dem nächstkommenden Stand der Technik gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 entspricht, weist im Betriebszustand einen mit einer Schraubenfeder vorgespannten Anker sowie eine geringfügig durchgebogene Biegeblattfeder auf. Beim Auslösen schlägt der Anker auf die Biegeblattfeder und verursacht das Umspringen der nun mit grosser Kraft auf ein Stössel des Schalters wirkenden Feder.A triggering device published in DE 27 10 869 A1 a latching relay which corresponds to the closest prior art according to the preamble of claim 1 has one with one in the operating state Coil spring preloaded anchor as well as a slight one bent bending leaf spring. When triggered, the strikes Anchor on the bending leaf spring and causes the spring to jump over now act with great force on a plunger of the switch Feather.

DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNGPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Der Erfindung, wie sie in den Patentansprüchen angegeben ist, liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Auslöser, insbesondere für einen FI-Schalter zu schaffen, welcher einfach aufgebaut ist und sich durch kleine Abmessungen und eine hohe Ansprechempfindlichkeit auszeichnet.The invention as set out in the claims is based on the task of a trigger, especially for to create an FI switch, which is simple and small dimensions and high responsiveness distinguished.

Der Auslöser nach der Erfindung ist einfach aufgebaut und benötigt zur Erzeugung grosser Ausgangsleistung lediglich geringe Eingangsleistung. Dementsprechend können alle eingangsleistungsbestimmenden Elemente, wie etwa der Summenstromwandler des FI-Schalters, und alle von der Eingangsleistung bestimmten Elemente, wie ein den magnetischen Kreis speisender Permanentmagnet, klein bemessen sein, und können auch kleine Fehlerströme mit grosser Sicherheit detektiert und abgeschaltet werden. Wegen der vom Auslöser nach der Erfindung abgegebenen grossen Leistung kann in einem mit einem solchen Auslöser ausgerüsteten FI-Schalter ein robustes und daher besonders betriebssicheres Schaltschloss eingesetzt werden.The trigger according to the invention is simple and needs only low to generate large output power Input power. Accordingly, all input power determinants Elements, such as the residual current transformer of the RCD, and all elements determined by the input power, like a permanent magnet feeding the magnetic circuit, small dimensioned, and can also be small fault currents with large Security can be detected and switched off. Because of the Triggers according to the invention delivered great power in a FI switch equipped with such a release robust and therefore particularly reliable switch lock be used.

BESCHREIBUNG DER ZEICHNUNGDESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung und die damit erzielbaren weiteren Vorteile werden nachfolgend anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigt:

Fig.1
eine Explosionsdarstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform des Auslösers nach der Erfindung,
Fig.2
eine Aufsicht auf einen Schnitt durch den Auslöser gemäss Fig.1 nach einem Auslösevorgang,
Fig.3
eine Aufsicht auf einen Schnitt durch den Auslöser gemäss Fig.1 vor einem Auslösevorgang,
Fig.4
ein Diagramm, in dem die Kennlinien von Federelementen dargestellt sind, welche im Auslöser gemäss Fig.1 wahlweise eingesetzt werden können,
Fig.5
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines in einer zweiten Ausführungsform des Auslösers gemäss der Erfindung verwendbaren Federelementes, und
Fig.6
ein Diagramm, in dem die Kennlinie des Federelementes gemäss Fig.5 dargestellt ist.
Preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention and the further advantages achievable therewith are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. Here shows:
Fig.1
2 shows an exploded view of a first embodiment of the trigger according to the invention,
Fig.2
1 is a top view of a section through the trigger according to FIG. 1 after a triggering process,
Figure 3
1 is a top view of a section through the trigger according to FIG. 1 before a triggering process,
Figure 4
1 shows a diagram in which the characteristic curves of spring elements are shown, which can optionally be used in the release according to FIG. 1,
Figure 5
2 shows a perspective view of a spring element which can be used in a second embodiment of the trigger according to the invention, and
Figure 6
a diagram in which the characteristic of the spring element according to Figure 5 is shown.

WEGE ZUR AUSFÜHRUNG DER ERFINDUNGWAYS OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

In allen Zeichnungen beziehen sich gleiche Bezugszeichen auf gleichwirkende Teile. Der in den Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellte Auslöser weist ein aus einem wannenförmigen Boden 1 und einem Deckel 2 bestehendes Isolierstoffgehäuse auf. Im Deckel 2 ist eine Öffnung 3 vorgesehen, welche der vertikalen Führung eines zylinderförmigen Stössels 4 dient. Der Stössel 4 weist ein verdicktes unteres Ende auf, welches auf einem als bügelförmig gekrümmte Blattfeder ausgebildeten und als Schnappfeder 5 wirkenden Federelement aufsitzt. Das nach oben gerichtete Ende des Stössels 4 wirkt über ein Schaltschloss auf eine Kontaktanordnung eines nicht dargestellten FI-Schalters. Das Stössel 4 ist eine besonders einfache Ausführungsform eines im Auslöser eingesetzten und in alternativer Ausführung beispielsweise als Gelenk ausgebildeten Kraftübertragungsglieds. Die Feder 5 weist zwei Blattenden 6 und ein auf den Stössel 4 wirkendes Mittelteil 7 auf. Am Mittelteil 7 sind nicht bezeichnete Befestigungselemente vorgesehen zur Halterung eines quaderförmig ausgebildeten Ankers 8 eines magnetischen Kreises auf der vom Stössel abgewandten Seite des Mittelteils 7.The same reference numbers refer to all drawings equivalent parts. The one shown in Figures 1 to 3 Trigger has a trough-shaped bottom 1 and one Cover 2 existing insulating housing. In the lid 2 is an opening 3 is provided which the vertical guidance of a cylindrical plunger 4 is used. The plunger 4 has thickened lower end, which on one as bow-shaped curved leaf spring and designed as a snap spring 5 acting spring element sits. The upward end of the plunger 4 acts on a contact arrangement via a key switch a FI switch, not shown. The ram 4 is a particularly simple embodiment of one in the trigger used and in an alternative version, for example as Articulated transmission member. The spring 5 has two blade ends 6 and a central part acting on the ram 4 7 on. On the central part 7 there are fasteners not shown intended to hold a cuboid trained armature 8 of a magnetic circuit on the from Side of the central part facing away from the tappet 7.

Mit dem Bezugszeichen 9 ist ein Zwischenboden aus Isolierstoff bezeichnet, welcher der Halterung einer Auslösespule 10 dient, und welcher zwei nach oben geführte und die Befestigung der Feder 5 ermöglichende Vorsprünge 11, 12 aufweist. Der magnetische Kreis enthält neben dem Anker 8 auch ein von zwei Jochblechen 13, 14 und einer magnetisch schlecht leitenden Luftspaltscheibe 15 gebildetes Joch 16 sowie einen konstanten magnetischen Dauerfluss in das Joch 16 einspeisenden quaderförmigen Permanentmagneten 17.With the reference numeral 9 is an intermediate floor made of insulating material denotes which serves to hold a release coil 10, and which two led up and the attachment of the spring Has 5 enabling projections 11, 12. The magnetic circle contains in addition to the armature 8 also one of two yoke plates 13, 14 and a magnetically poorly conductive air gap disk 15 formed yoke 16 and a constant permanent magnetic flux cuboid permanent magnet 17 feeding into the yoke 16.

Wie aus den Figuren 2 und 3 entnommen werden kann, ist der Stössel 4 mit seinem aufgeweiteten unteren Ende auf einer vorgespannten Dämpfungsfeder 28 abgestützt. Die Dämpfungsfeder 28 ist zentrisch auf der dem Stössel 4 zugewandten Seite des Mittelteils 7 der Feder 5 angeordnet. Die Feder 5 ist mit ihren beiden Enden 6 in Führungen eingespannt, welche in die Vorsprünge 11 und 12 eingearbeitet sind. Die Auslösespule 10 wird mit Hilfe von zwei durch den Boden 1 geführten Stromanschlüsse 29 mit elektrischer Leistung versorgt, welche beim Auftreten eines Fehlerstroms im Summenstromwandler gebildet wird.As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the Ram 4 with its flared lower end on one biased damping spring 28 supported. The damping spring 28 is centered on the side facing the ram 4 Middle part 7 of the spring 5 arranged. The spring 5 is with their both ends 6 clamped in guides which in the projections 11 and 12 are incorporated. The trip coil 10 is with the help of two power connections 29 led through the base 1 electrical power, which occurs when a Residual current is formed in the total current transformer.

Bei dem in Fig.2 dargestellten Zustand hat der Auslöser ausgelöst Über den nach oben geführten Stössel 4 und das vom Stössel 4 betätigte, nicht dargestellte Schaltschloss ist die ebenfalls nicht dargestellte Kontaktanordnung des FI-Schalters geöffnet. Durch das Öffnen der Kontaktanordnung ist der Strom zu einem Verbraucher und zugleich durch den Summenstromwandler unterbrochen. Dementsprechend wird der Auslösespule 10 keine Eingangsleistung zugeführt. Der vom Permanentmagneten 17, dem Joch 16 und dem Anker 8 gebildete magnetische Kreis ist geöffnet, da der Anker durch die vorgespannte Feder 5 von Polflächen 30 des Jochs 16 entfernt worden ist.In the state shown in Figure 2, the trigger has triggered Via the plunger 4 and the plunger 4 actuated, not shown switch lock is also Contact arrangement of the FI switch, not shown, opened. By opening the contact assembly, the current becomes one Consumer and at the same time interrupted by the summation current transformer. Accordingly, the trip coil 10 does not Input power supplied. The permanent magnet 17, the Yoke 16 and the armature 8 formed magnetic circuit is open, since the armature by the biased spring 5 of pole faces 30 of Yokes 16 has been removed.

Durch Eindrücken des Stössels in das von Boden 1 und Deckel 2 gebildete Gehäuse kann der Auslöser wieder geladen werden. Beim Eindrücken des Stössels 4 wird die als Energiespeicher dienende Feder 5 aufgeladen und wird zugleich der magnetische Kreis durch Aufdrücken des Ankers 8 auf die Polflächen 30 geschlossen. Unerwünschte Prallkräfte und eine damit verbundene Beschädigung der Polflächen werden durch die Dämpfungsfeder 28 vermieden (Fig.3).By pushing the plunger into that of base 1 and cover 2 formed housing, the trigger can be reloaded. At the Pressing in the plunger 4 becomes the one that serves as an energy store Spring 5 is charged and at the same time the magnetic circuit through Pressing the armature 8 closed on the pole faces 30. unwanted Impact forces and associated damage to the Pole surfaces are avoided by the damping spring 28 (Fig.3).

Die Feder 5 ist derart gekrümmt ausgebildet, dass sie die aus Fig.4 ersichtliche, ausgezogen dargestellte, nichtlineare und zumindest abschnittsweise negative Federkennlinie aufweist. In dem aus Fig.2 ersichtlichen Zustand befindet sich der Arbeitspunkt der Feder 5 im ansteigenden Teil der Kennlinie in einer Position, in der der Stössel 4 mit einer grossen Kraft FI oben gehalten wird. Durch Eindrücken des Stössels 4 wird der Federweg s vergrössert und die Feder 5 sukzessive aufgeladen.The spring 5 is curved in such a way that it has the non-linear and at least sectionally negative spring characteristic curve shown in FIG. 4, shown in solid lines. In the state shown in FIG. 2, the working point of the spring 5 is in the rising part of the characteristic in a position in which the plunger 4 is held up with a large force F I. By pushing the plunger 4, the spring travel s is increased and the spring 5 is successively charged.

Beim Auslöser nach der Erfindung wird beim Aufladen ein Maximum der Federkennlinie überschritten und der Arbeitspunkt in den negativen Bereich der Kennlinie geführt. Je nach Ausbildung der Feder 5 können die negativen Bereiche der Federkennlinie unterschiedlich verlaufen. Wichtig ist vor allem, dass nach dem Aufladen der Arbeitspunkt in einem Bereich der Kennlinie liegt, in dem eine Kraft wirkt, die den Anker 8 von den Polflächen 30 abheben möchte, und die klein gegenüber der insbesondere im Maximum der Kennlinie auftretenden Kraft ist. Dies ist im allgemeinen dann der Fall, wenn der Arbeitspunkt der Feder 5 im negativen Bereich knapp über dem Nulldurchgang der Kraft F liegt. Dadurch ist zum einen eine auf den Anker 8 wirkende abtreibende Kraft sichergestellt und zum anderen gewährleistet, dass diese Kraft gering ist.In the trigger according to the invention, a maximum when charging the spring characteristic exceeded and the operating point in the negative range of the characteristic curve. Depending on the training of the Spring 5 can be the negative areas of the spring characteristic run differently. It is particularly important that after the Charging the operating point lies in an area of the characteristic curve, in which a force acts that forces the armature 8 from the pole faces 30 want to stand out, and the small compared to the especially in The maximum force of the characteristic is. This is in generally the case when the working point of the spring 5 in negative range is just above the zero crossing of the force F. As a result, there is an abortion acting on the armature 8 Ensures strength and secondly ensures that this Force is low.

Bei einer in Auslösern nach dem Stand der Technik verwendeten Feder hingegen liegt der Arbeitspunkt nach dem Aufladen sehr viel höher als im entladenen Zustand. Auf eine entsprechend hohe Kraft muss daher auch der magnetische Kreis ausgelegt sein.One used in prior art releases Spring, on the other hand, is the working point very much after charging higher than when unloaded. A correspondingly high force the magnetic circuit must therefore also be designed.

Bei einer im geladenen Zustand des Auslösers nach der Erfindung (Fig.3) mit einer Kraft FII geringfügig vorgespannten Feder 5 (Fig.4) befindet sich der Arbeitspunkt in einem Minimum der Kennlinie. Dies weist den zusätzlichen Vorteil auf, dass der Anker 8 beim Öffnen des magnetischen Kreises am Anfang mit einer relativ kleinen Kraft geführt wird, und dass erst später bei sich verkürzendem Weg s die von der Feder 5 abgegebene Kraft stark zunimmt und im Bereich des Maximums über den Stössel 4 mit grosser Kraft auf das Schaltschloss wirken kann. Eine solche Kennlinie ist typisch für eine Schnappfeder.In the case of a spring 5 (FIG. 4) which is slightly biased in the loaded state of the trigger according to the invention (FIG. 3) with a force F II (FIG. 4), the operating point is at a minimum of the characteristic curve. This has the additional advantage that the armature 8 is initially guided with a relatively small force when the magnetic circuit is opened, and that the force emitted by the spring 5 increases sharply and later in the range of the maximum as the distance s decreases the plunger 4 can act with great force on the key switch. Such a characteristic is typical of a snap spring.

Besonders günstig sind Federn 5 mit nichtlinearen, zumindest abschnittsweise negativ ausgebildeten Kennlinien, bei denen der Arbeitspunkt im geladenen Zustand des Auslösers nahe an die Kraft Null gelegt werden kann, da dann Joch 16 und Permanentmagnet 17 nur eine besonders geringe magnetische Haltekraft F'II aufweisen müssen. Solche Federn können als Schnappfeder ausgeführt werden. Der Arbeitspunkt kann bei Ausbildung als bügelförmige Schnappfeder wieder in ein Minimum der Kennlinie gelegt werden. Weist die Kennlinie hingegen einen Nulldurchgang auf, wie dies beispielsweise bei einer Tellerfeder möglich ist, so kann zwar die magnetische Haltekraft F''II relativ gering sein, jedoch ist wegen des steilen Anstiegs der Kennlinie im Bereich des Nulldurchgangs der Arbeitspunkt aus Sicherheitsgründen höher zu legen. Dies insbesondere deswegen, da aus fertigungstechnischen Gründen die Kennlinie der Feder 5 innerhalb eines bestimmten Toleranzbereiches von der Kennlinie einer entsprechend hergestellten und im wesentlichen gleichwirkenden weiteren Feder abweicht.Springs 5 with non-linear, at least partially negative, characteristic curves are particularly favorable, in which the operating point in the charged state of the trigger can be set close to zero force, since then yoke 16 and permanent magnet 17 need only have a particularly low magnetic holding force F ' II , Such springs can be designed as a snap spring. The working point can be set back to a minimum of the characteristic curve if it is designed as a bow-shaped snap spring. If, on the other hand, the characteristic curve has a zero crossing, as is possible, for example, in the case of a plate spring, the magnetic holding force F '' II may be relatively low, but because of the steep rise in the characteristic curve in the area of the zero crossing, the working point must be set higher for safety reasons , This is particularly so because, for manufacturing reasons, the characteristic curve of the spring 5 deviates within a certain tolerance range from the characteristic curve of a correspondingly produced and essentially equivalent spring.

Bei dem mit der Feder 5 versehene Auslöser ist daher die auf den Anker 8 wirkende, von der Feder 5 erzeugte Vorspannkraft kleiner bemessen ist als die vom Stössel 4 bei dessen Wirkung auf die Kontaktanordnung des FI-Schalters übertragene Kraft. Daher kann der Auslöser mit einer äusserst geringen Leistung ausgelöst werden. Da die Kennlinie der Feder 5 ein Maximum aufweist, gibt der Auslöser erst nach der Auslösung und nach Ablauf eines erwünschten Federwegs seine volle Kraft ab.In the case of the trigger provided with the spring 5 is therefore on the Armature 8 acting, generated by the spring 5 biasing force smaller is dimensioned as that of the tappet 4 when it acts on the Contact arrangement of the FI switch transmitted force. Therefore the trigger is triggered with an extremely low power become. Since the characteristic of the spring 5 has a maximum, there is the trigger only after the release and after a desired travel from its full force.

In den Figuren 5 und 6 ist eine Federelement angegeben, welches sich in besonders vorteilhafter Weise im Auslöser nach der Erfindung verwenden lässt. Dieses Federelement besteht aus zwei zusammenwirkenden Federn 32 und 33, von denen die vorzugsweise als Schnapp- oder Tellerfeder ausgebildete Feder 32 eine nichtlineare, zumindest abschnittsweise negative Federkennlinie F32 und die vorzugsweise als Schraubenfeder ausgebildete Feder 33 eine lineare Federkennlinie F33 aufweist. Die Feder 32 ist entsprechend der Feder 5 an den Vorsprüngen 11, 12 eingespannt und trägt in ihrem Mittelteil auf der dem magnetischen Kreis zugewandten Seite den Anker 8. Die Feder 33 ist mit ihrem unteren Ende auf den Jochblechen 13, 14 gelagert und stützt sich mit ihrem oberen Ende unter Bildung einer Vorspannkraft auf dem Anker 8 ab. Die Vorspannkraft der Feder 33 wird durch geeignete Dimensionierung nun so bemessen, dass das von den Federn 32 und 33 gebildete Federelement die aus Fig.6 ersichtliche und durch Überlagerung der beiden Federkennlinien F32 und F33 gebildete Federkennlinie F32+F33 aufweist.FIGS. 5 and 6 show a spring element which can be used in a particularly advantageous manner in the trigger according to the invention. This spring element consists of two interacting springs 32 and 33, of which the spring 32, which is preferably designed as a snap or plate spring, has a non-linear, at least sectionally negative spring characteristic F 32 and the spring 33, preferably designed as a coil spring, has a linear spring characteristic F 33 . The spring 32 is clamped on the projections 11, 12 in accordance with the spring 5 and carries the armature 8 in its central part on the side facing the magnetic circuit. The spring 33 is supported at its lower end on the yoke plates 13, 14 and is supported with it from its upper end with a prestressing force on the armature 8 The biasing force of the spring 33 is now dimensioned by suitable dimensioning such that the spring element formed by the springs 32 and 33 has the spring characteristic F 32 + F 33 shown in FIG. 6 and formed by superimposing the two spring characteristics F 32 and F 33 .

Diese Federkennlinie entspricht der in Fig.4 in Zusammenhang mit den Kräften FI und FII beschriebenen Federkennlinie. Gegenüber dem dieser Kennlinie zugeordneten und nur aus einer einzigen Feder 5 bestehenden Federelement weist das aus den Federn 32 und 33 gebildete Federelement den zusätzlichen Vorteil auf, dass durch geeignete Bemessung der von der Feder 33 ausgeübten Vorspannkraft der Arbeitspunkt der Schnapp- oder Tellerfeder 32 im geladenen Zustand des Auslösers mit Sicherheit im positiven Kraftbereich gehalten wird. Hierdurch ist unabhängig von fertigungstechnischen Schwankungen bei der Herstellung der Schnapp- oder Tellerfeder 32 stets ein sicheres Ansprechen des Auslösers nach der Erfindung gewährleistet. This spring characteristic corresponds to the spring characteristic described in FIG. 4 in connection with the forces F I and F II . Compared to the spring element associated with this characteristic and consisting of only a single spring 5, the spring element formed from the springs 32 and 33 has the additional advantage that the working point of the snap or plate spring 32 in the loaded position can be suitably dimensioned by the biasing force exerted by the spring 33 State of the trigger is certainly kept in the positive force range. In this way, a reliable response of the trigger according to the invention is always guaranteed, regardless of fluctuations in the manufacturing process in the manufacture of the snap or plate spring 32.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Bodenground
22
Deckelcover
33
Öffnungopening
44
Stösseltappet
55
Federfeather
66
Blattendensheet ends
77
Mittelteilmidsection
88th
Ankeranchor
99
Zwischenbodenfalse floor
1010
Auslösespuletrip coil
11, 1211, 12
Vorsprüngeprojections
13, 1413, 14
Jochblecheyokes
1515
LuftspaltscheibeAir gap disc
1616
Jochyoke
1717
Permanentmagnetpermanent magnet
2828
Dämpfungsfederdamping spring
2929
Stromanschlüssepower connectors
3030
Polflächenpole faces
3131
Verbindungsstellejunction
3232
Schnappfedercatch spring
3333
Schraubenfedercoil spring

Claims (2)

  1. Release, in particular for an earth leakage current circuit breaker,
    having
    a magnetic circuit which carries a constant magnetic continuous flux and contains a stationary yoke (16) and a moving armature (8),
    a tripping coil (10), which acts on the magnetic circuit, in order to form a magnetic flux which weakens the magnetic continuous flux at the location of the armature (8) when a tripping variable occurs, in particular an earth leakage current,
    a prestressed spring element for loading the armature (8) against a force which is produced by the magnetic continuous flux and for opening the magnetic circuit by lifting the armature (8) off the yoke (16) when the tripping variable occurs,
    a plunger (4) which can be released by the lifting armature (8) in order to operate an appliance, in particular a switching mechanism of an earth leakage current circuit breaker, and having
    a snap-action spring (5, 32) which is in the form of a leaf spring which is curved in the form of a bracket and is mounted with its ends (6) in holders (11, 12), and a centre part (7), which acts on the plunger,
    characterized in that the spring element contains the snap-action spring (5, 32), and in that the centre part (7) is fitted on the side facing away from the plunger (4) with the armature (8), and on the side facing the plunger (4) with a damping spring (28).
  2. Release according to Claim 1, characterized in that, in addition to the snap-action spring (32), the spring element has a helical spring (33) which applies a prestressing force to the snap-action spring (32).
EP96810587A 1995-11-09 1996-09-06 Release mechanism, in particular for an earth fault circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime EP0773571B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19541789 1995-11-09
DE19541789 1995-11-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0773571A1 EP0773571A1 (en) 1997-05-14
EP0773571B1 true EP0773571B1 (en) 2002-10-30

Family

ID=7777025

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96810587A Expired - Lifetime EP0773571B1 (en) 1995-11-09 1996-09-06 Release mechanism, in particular for an earth fault circuit breaker

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0773571B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE227048T1 (en)
DE (1) DE59609833D1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1192301B (en) * 1964-04-28 1965-05-06 August Stuke Residual current protection circuit
US3293577A (en) * 1965-09-21 1966-12-20 Gen Electric Undervoltage release for circuit breaker
DE2710869A1 (en) * 1977-03-12 1978-09-14 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk HIGH-SENSITIVELY ADJUSTABLE ELECTRIC RELAY
ES2011457B3 (en) * 1985-12-13 1990-01-16 Cmc Carl Maier + Cie Ag MAGNET DISCONNECT FOR DEFECT CURRENT PROTECTION SWITCHES
US5343179A (en) * 1993-01-29 1994-08-30 Eaton Corporation Miniaturized solenoid operated trip device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59609833D1 (en) 2002-12-05
EP0773571A1 (en) 1997-05-14
ATE227048T1 (en) 2002-11-15

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