EP0772757B1 - Systeme de transfert d'energie entre une source chaude et une source froide - Google Patents
Systeme de transfert d'energie entre une source chaude et une source froide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0772757B1 EP0772757B1 EP95926430A EP95926430A EP0772757B1 EP 0772757 B1 EP0772757 B1 EP 0772757B1 EP 95926430 A EP95926430 A EP 95926430A EP 95926430 A EP95926430 A EP 95926430A EP 0772757 B1 EP0772757 B1 EP 0772757B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- capillary
- liquid
- vapor
- fluid
- evaporator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
- F28D15/043—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure forming loops, e.g. capillary pumped loops
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a system for energy transfer between a hot source and a source cold, using a pumped two-phase loop capillary.
- Two-phase capillary pump loops provide profit the following physical phenomenon: if we send, to a end of a heated capillary tube, a liquid having suitable properties, this liquid enters the tube capillary to a point where it completely vaporizes.
- the liquid and vapor phase separation surface has a curved shape, and is called "meniscus".
- meniscus we observe, at meniscus level, in the vapor phase, an increase significant pressure, which can be used to the fluid circulating in a closed circuit comprising, in addition to the evaporator capillaries, a suitable condenser.
- capillary mass that is to say a material having an open porosity with passages of substantially homogeneous dimensions, typically 2 to 20 micrometers.
- This increase in pressure results from surface tension. It depends on the temperature and the nature of the fluid and the solid walls with which it is in contact, and it is inversely proportional to the radius of the meniscus, or the equivalent radius in case the meniscus is not spherical.
- the radius of the meniscus or the equivalent radius are themselves very closely related to radius of the capillary, and more generally the radius of curvature of the solid surface in contact with which is made change of state.
- the pressure increase is therefore negligible if the liquid-vapor interface is in contact with solid surfaces with radii of curvature of a few hundreds of micrometers.
- the pressure generated at the menisci was around 5 kPa, which is sufficient to compensate for the circuit pressure losses.
- the condensers could be constituted either by radiators which radiate energy towards space, either by exchangers coupled with other analogous systems, either by change-over devices phase such as boilers or evaporators.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a apparatus which allows energy transfers in two opposite directions, in a simple way and in a limited volume.
- the invention provides a energy transfer system between a hot source and a cold source, the system comprising an evaporator capillary located in the hot spring and in which a fluid is introduced in the liquid state and passes completely in the vapor state, a vapor pipe, a condenser located in the cold source where the fluid returns to the state liquid, and a liquid conduit that brings the fluid back to the capillary evaporator, the fluid circulating in the circuit closed under the effect of the pressure generated at meniscus constituting the liquid / vapor interfaces in the evaporator capillaries, this system having for particularity that the closed fluid circuit includes two assemblies each formed by a capillary evaporator connected to the liquid conduit and condenser interposed between the capillary evaporator and the vapor duct, one of the sets located in the hot spring and the other in the cold source, and that the amount of fluid is calculated in such a way that all of the evaporation takes place in capillary passages of capillary evaporation located
- the circuit filling must be done with precision, so that changes in fluid state occur do in the places provided.
- Some latitude is provided by the length of the passages in the evaporator capillary and the dimensions of the condenser. This latitude may be exceeded in the case, for example, of a lowering of the temperature of the liquid, causing contraction of it.
- the capillary evaporator consists of a mass controlled porosity in which the liquid can spray with formation of menisci with a small radius or equivalent radius, this mass being placed in an enclosure between two chambers, one connected to the liquid pipe and the other to the vapor conduit, the source condenser cold is constituted at least in part by that of said chambers which is connected to the steam duct.
- Figure 1 is a block diagram of a system of prior art.
- Figure 2 is a block diagram of a system according to the invention.
- Figures 3 and 4 are sections respectively longitudinal and transverse of an evaporation device capillary of the usual technique.
- Figure 5 is a perspective diagram of the arrangement several capillary evaporation devices.
- Figure 6 is a diagram showing a meniscus.
- Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a system intended to transfer thermal energy from zone A, called “hot spring”, to zone B, at temperature lower, called “cold source”.
- This system includes a closed circuit in which circulates a fluid which can be, depending on temperatures of use, water, ammonia, a "Freon” etc.
- This circuit includes capillary evaporation devices 1 connected in parallel, condensers 2, also connected in parallel (or parallel series), a steam circulation 3 and a circulation duct of liquid 4. The direction of circulation of the fluid is indicated by arrows 5.
- Figures 3 and 4 show the structure of a capillary evaporation device in common use.
- This device comprises a metal tube 6 having a inlet 7 at one end and outlet 8 at the end opposite. Inside the tube, a cylinder of material porous 9 is held by spacers 10 coaxially to tube 6.
- This porous material consists of fibers parallels arranged so as to constitute between them passages of maximum controlled dimension, for example of on the order of 20 micrometers, and forming what is called a "capillary wick”.
- the porous material can consist of any material having pores of suitable dimensions and substantially homogeneous, for example sintered materials metallic or plastic, or ceramic.
- Figure 5 shows a hot spring consisting of a plate 11 on one side of which are mounted equipment 12 which gives off heat and / or which is desired cool.
- mounted equipment 12 which gives off heat and / or which is desired cool.
- On the opposite side of the plate are fixed capillary evaporation devices 1 whose input 7 is connected to a liquid line 5 and communicates with the vacuum inside 13 (see FIG. 4) of the capillary wick 9, and whose outlet 8 is connected to a steam pipe 3 and communicates with the annular space 14 located between the tube 6 and the hair wick 9.
- the internal vacuum 13 is filled with liquid, and the annular space 14 is filled with steam.
- the liquid-vapor interface consists of a set of menisci 15 (see Figure 6), rays substantially equal equivalents, all of which are found in the thickness of the porous mass 9.
- the circulation of the fluid is due to the increase in steam pressure, in capillary evaporators, which is generated at the menisci where the total vaporization of the liquid takes place. during the passage of the capillary wick, the liquid gets heats up very quickly (the flow rates are very low) and vaporizes completely at the menisci at temperature almost constant.
- the increase in pressure is proportional to the surface tension of the fluid and inversely proportional to the equivalent radius of menisci (we work with radii less than 10 ⁇ m).
- the fluid flow in each evaporator is thus constantly self-adjusting to have only steam pure at the outlet of each evaporator.
- an insulator 16 ( Figure 1) must be positioned at the inlet of each evaporator. The role of this isolator is to prevent a return of vapor (in the main tube of liquid from the loop) which could occur in a evaporator during accidental defusing (during too strong power injection for example).
- a sub-cooler 17 is positioned on the outlet tube liquid.
- the role of this sub-cooler is to condense vapor which, accidentally, for situations not nominal, would not have been fully condensed at the exit of one of the last condensers.
- the operating temperature of the loop is controlled by a two-phase pressurizer tank 18.
- This tank is thermally controlled (heating system and cooling) so as to ensure control of its vaporization temperature which is also the temperature vaporization at the "cold plates" 11 and exchangers (except for pressure losses, which are minimal).
- the maximum power that can be transported is conditioned by the maximum pressure rise that can supply capillary evaporators and by the sum circuit pressure losses for maximum power considered. With ammonia and equivalent radii of menisci of 10 ⁇ m, we can reach lifts of pressure of the order of 5000Pa.
- Figure 2 shows the diagram of a transfer system of energy according to the invention.
- the circuit includes sets each consisting of a capillary evaporator 1A, 1B in series with a condenser 2A, 2B, a steam 3 being connected to each of the condensers 2A, 2B, and a liquid conduit 4 being connected to each of the evaporators capillaries 1A, 1B.
- a means of reheating the duct low power steam 20 is expected.
- the direction of circulation of the fluid is the one indicated by the arrows 21.
- the evaporators lA are active.
- the liquid at the inlet of the evaporators crosses the capillary strands 9 and vaporizes there.
- Steam leaves each evaporator device (with an increase of capillary pressure) and passes through the "hot" condensers 2A which are therefore inactive.
- Steam is collected at the output of these condensers and is transported in a tube 3 up to the inlet of the "cold" condensers 2B.
- the steam is partially or fully condenses in these condensers.
- a two-phase or single-phase liquid mixture therefore enters in evaporator devices 1B with "counter-direction" by compared to normal operation for an evaporator.
- the remaining vapor condenses completely in space ring 14 of the evaporator devices 1B.
- the liquid is collected and is transported in tube 4 to the entry of 1A evaporators, which closes the loop. In the tube liquid; you can temporarily allow a spray partial liquid.
- the direction of circulation of the fluid is that of the arrows 22.
- the 1B evaporators play their role evaporators, the 2B condensers are inactive, the 2A condensers are active and the evaporator devices 1A act as additional condensers at the level of their annular space 14.
- the steam tube 3 When you want to perform a heat transfer between the different sources and that the transfer does not take place no, the steam tube 3 must be slightly heated (typically with 1W / m) using the heating means 20 typically for an hour to expel the liquid which could be there.
- the system according to the invention can be used to transfer heat between the different parts of a spacecraft subject to different heat fluxes as a function of time (daily or seasonal sunshine, dissipation thermal, ..).
- the advantages of this type of loop by compared to the current concept basically consist of the possibility of heat transfers bidirectional with a single loop, which contributes to simplification and reduction of the mass balance.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Central Heating Systems (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Description
Claims (4)
- Système de transfert d'énergie entre une source chaude (A) et une source froide (B), le système comprenant un évaporateur capillaire situé dans la source chaude, et dans lequel un fluide est introduit à l'état liquide et passe intégralement à l'état de vapeur à l'intérieur des passages capillaires, un conduit de vapeur (3), un condenseur (2) situé dans la source froide où le fluide repasse à l'état liquide en se condensant sur des surfaces à grand rayon de courbure, et un conduit de liquide (5) qui ramène le fluide à l'évaporateur capillaire, le fluide circulant en circuit fermé sous l'effet de la pression générée au niveau de ménisque constituant les interfaces liquide/vapeur dans les passages capillaires de l'évaporateur,
dans lequel :le circuit fermé de fluide comprend deux ensembles formés chacun d'un évaporateur capillaire relié au conduit de liquide et d'un condenseur intercalé entre l'évaporateur capillaire et le conduit de vapeur, l'un des ensembles se trouvant dans la source chaude et l'autre dans la source froide;et la quantité de fluide est calculée de telle façon que l'évaporation se fait intégralement dans les passages capillaires de l'évaporateur capillaire situé dans la source chaude et que la condensation se fait dans le condenseur situé dans la source froide. - Système selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la quantité de fluide est calculée pour que, dans toutes les conditions de fonctionnement, au moins une interface liquide-vapeur se trouve, une bulle de vapeur sans communication avec le conduit de vapeur pouvant néanmoins se trouver éventuellement du côté liquide de l'évaporateur capillaire.
- Système selon la revendication 1, dans lequel, l'évaporateur capillaire est constitué d'une masse à porosité contrôlée dans laquelle le liquide peut se vaporiser avec formation de ménisques (15) à faible rayon ou rayon équivalent, cette masse étant placée dans une enceinte entre deux chambres (13, 14) reliées l'une au conduit de liquide et l'autre au conduit de vapeur (3) , et le condenseur de la source froide est constitué au moins en partie par celle (14) desdites chambres qui est reliée au conduit de vapeur (3).
- Système selon la revendication 1, dans lequel il existe plusieurs sources chaudes et/ou plusieurs sources froides, et il est prévu au moins un desdits ensembles formés d'un évaporateur capillaire et d'un condenseur dans chaque source chaude et chaque source froide.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9409459 | 1994-07-29 | ||
FR9409459A FR2723187B1 (fr) | 1994-07-29 | 1994-07-29 | Systeme de transfert d'energie entre une source chaude et une source froide |
PCT/FR1995/001004 WO1996004517A1 (fr) | 1994-07-29 | 1995-07-26 | Systeme de transfert d'energie entre une source chaude et une source froide |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0772757A1 EP0772757A1 (fr) | 1997-05-14 |
EP0772757B1 true EP0772757B1 (fr) | 1998-08-26 |
Family
ID=9465913
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95926430A Expired - Lifetime EP0772757B1 (fr) | 1994-07-29 | 1995-07-26 | Systeme de transfert d'energie entre une source chaude et une source froide |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5842513A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0772757B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH10503580A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2196045A1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE772757T1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2723187B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1996004517A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ATE286133T1 (de) | 1995-07-06 | 2005-01-15 | Univ Leland Stanford Junior | Zellfreie synthese von polyketiden |
FR2752291B1 (fr) | 1996-08-12 | 1998-09-25 | Centre Nat Etd Spatiales | Evaporateur capillaire pour boucle diphasique de transfert d'energie entre une source chaude et une source froide |
FR2783313A1 (fr) | 1998-09-15 | 2000-03-17 | Matra Marconi Space France | Dispositif de tranfert de chaleur |
US6938679B1 (en) * | 1998-09-15 | 2005-09-06 | The Boeing Company | Heat transport apparatus |
FR2783312A1 (fr) | 1998-09-15 | 2000-03-17 | Matra Marconi Space France | Boucle fluide a pompage capillaire |
JP2000241089A (ja) * | 1999-02-19 | 2000-09-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 蒸発器、吸熱器、熱輸送システム及び熱輸送方法 |
US8047268B1 (en) | 2002-10-02 | 2011-11-01 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Two-phase heat transfer system and evaporators and condensers for use in heat transfer systems |
US7004240B1 (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2006-02-28 | Swales & Associates, Inc. | Heat transport system |
US7549461B2 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2009-06-23 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Thermal management system |
AU2001271574A1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-14 | Swales Aerospace | Phase control in the capillary evaporators |
US7931072B1 (en) | 2002-10-02 | 2011-04-26 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | High heat flux evaporator, heat transfer systems |
US7086452B1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2006-08-08 | Intel Corporation | Method and an apparatus for cooling a computer |
US7708053B2 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2010-05-04 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Heat transfer system |
US7251889B2 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2007-08-07 | Swales & Associates, Inc. | Manufacture of a heat transfer system |
US8109325B2 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2012-02-07 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Heat transfer system |
US8136580B2 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2012-03-20 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Evaporator for a heat transfer system |
WO2002010661A1 (fr) * | 2000-07-27 | 2002-02-07 | Advanced Technologies Limited | Systeme haute performance de regulation de la temperature d'un ordinateur |
US6615912B2 (en) * | 2001-06-20 | 2003-09-09 | Thermal Corp. | Porous vapor valve for improved loop thermosiphon performance |
CN100449244C (zh) * | 2002-10-28 | 2009-01-07 | 斯沃勒斯联合公司 | 传热*** |
BRPI0315812B1 (pt) * | 2002-10-28 | 2019-01-15 | Swales & Ass Inc | sistema termodinâmico e método de utilizar o sistema termodinâmico |
US7013956B2 (en) * | 2003-09-02 | 2006-03-21 | Thermal Corp. | Heat pipe evaporator with porous valve |
KR20070100785A (ko) * | 2005-02-02 | 2007-10-11 | 캐리어 코포레이션 | 다공성 인서트들을 포함하는 병류 열교환기 |
US7661464B2 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2010-02-16 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Evaporator for use in a heat transfer system |
US10345052B2 (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2019-07-09 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Porous media evaporator |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3889096A (en) * | 1970-07-11 | 1975-06-10 | Philips Corp | Electric soldering iron delivering heat by change of state of a liquid heat transporting medium |
US4312402A (en) * | 1979-09-19 | 1982-01-26 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Osmotically pumped environmental control device |
JPS59221593A (ja) * | 1983-05-31 | 1984-12-13 | Toyo Seisakusho:Kk | ヒ−トパイプ式熱交換器 |
SU1430709A1 (ru) * | 1987-01-04 | 1988-10-15 | Московский энергетический институт | Теплопередающее устройство |
US4903761A (en) * | 1987-06-03 | 1990-02-27 | Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc. | Wick assembly for self-regulated fluid management in a pumped two-phase heat transfer system |
JPH063354B2 (ja) * | 1987-06-23 | 1994-01-12 | アクトロニクス株式会社 | ル−プ型細管ヒ−トパイプ |
US4899810A (en) * | 1987-10-22 | 1990-02-13 | General Electric Company | Low pressure drop condenser/heat pipe heat exchanger |
EP0351173A3 (fr) * | 1988-07-14 | 1991-06-05 | Osaka Prefecture | Substance à activité antirétrovirale |
US4869313A (en) * | 1988-07-15 | 1989-09-26 | General Electric Company | Low pressure drop condenser/evaporator pump heat exchanger |
DE3908994A1 (de) * | 1989-03-18 | 1990-09-20 | Daimler Benz Ag | Fahrgastraumheizung, insbesondere omnibusheizung |
US5036905A (en) * | 1989-10-26 | 1991-08-06 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | High efficiency heat exchanger |
US5103897A (en) * | 1991-06-05 | 1992-04-14 | Martin Marietta Corporation | Flowrate controller for hybrid capillary/mechanical two-phase thermal loops |
US5303768A (en) * | 1993-02-17 | 1994-04-19 | Grumman Aerospace Corporation | Capillary pump evaporator |
-
1994
- 1994-07-29 FR FR9409459A patent/FR2723187B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-07-26 CA CA002196045A patent/CA2196045A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1995-07-26 DE DE0772757T patent/DE772757T1/de active Pending
- 1995-07-26 JP JP8506241A patent/JPH10503580A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1995-07-26 WO PCT/FR1995/001004 patent/WO1996004517A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1995-07-26 DE DE69504357T patent/DE69504357T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-26 EP EP95926430A patent/EP0772757B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-01-29 US US08/797,510 patent/US5842513A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69504357D1 (de) | 1998-10-01 |
CA2196045A1 (fr) | 1996-02-15 |
FR2723187B1 (fr) | 1996-09-27 |
FR2723187A1 (fr) | 1996-02-02 |
EP0772757A1 (fr) | 1997-05-14 |
JPH10503580A (ja) | 1998-03-31 |
DE772757T1 (de) | 1997-09-25 |
WO1996004517A1 (fr) | 1996-02-15 |
US5842513A (en) | 1998-12-01 |
DE69504357T2 (de) | 1999-04-22 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0772757B1 (fr) | Systeme de transfert d'energie entre une source chaude et une source froide | |
BE1009410A3 (fr) | Dispositif de transport de chaleur. | |
EP1293428B1 (fr) | Dispositif de transfert de chaleur | |
EP2795226B1 (fr) | Dispositif de refroidissement | |
FR2752291A1 (fr) | Evaporateur capillaire pour boucle diphasique de transfert d'energie entre une source chaude et une source froide | |
FR2699365A1 (fr) | Système de dissipation de l'énergie calorifique dégagée par un composant électronique. | |
FR2903222A1 (fr) | Disposition de regulation thermique passive a base de boucle fluide diphasique a pompage capillaire avec capacite thermique. | |
FR2783313A1 (fr) | Dispositif de tranfert de chaleur | |
EP2379951A1 (fr) | Radiateur pour chauffage domestique a fluide caloporteur diphasique | |
EP0166661A2 (fr) | Dispositif de captage et de transfert d'énergie de rayonnement tel que le rayonnement solaire | |
JP2904199B2 (ja) | キャピラリポンプループ用蒸発器及びその熱交換方法 | |
FR2468085A1 (fr) | Appareil frigorifique a sorption, procede pour la mise en service de cet appareil et utilisation de ce dernier | |
FR3032027A1 (fr) | Boucle diphasique de refroidissement a evaporateurs satellites | |
EP0767081B1 (fr) | Dispositif de récupération de la chaleur des gaz d'échappement d'un véhicule | |
WO2012101384A1 (fr) | Dispositif de refroidissement pour systeme electronique de puissance dans un vehicule | |
EP4323711B1 (fr) | Dispositif diphasique de transfert de chaleur à réservoir d'excédent de liquide | |
FR2871221A1 (fr) | Dispositif d'echange et de transfert thermique, notamment pour vehicule automobile | |
FR2783312A1 (fr) | Boucle fluide a pompage capillaire | |
FR3081214A1 (fr) | Evaporateur d'une boucle fluide et boucle fluide comprenant un tel evaporateur | |
FR2756621A1 (fr) | Thermo-frigopompe | |
BE899256A (fr) | Pompe a chaleur. | |
WO2014154984A1 (fr) | Caloduc comportant un bouchon gazeux de coupure | |
WO2011023900A1 (fr) | Dispositif de refroidissement pour système électronique de puissance dans un véhicule | |
FR2615276A1 (fr) | Capteur du type solaire | |
BE851734A (fr) | Installation de transfert de chaleur a fluide caloporteur |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19970207 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT |
|
GBC | Gb: translation of claims filed (gb section 78(7)/1977) | ||
ITCL | It: translation for ep claims filed |
Representative=s name: STUDIO CONSUL.BREVETTUALE S.R.L. |
|
DET | De: translation of patent claims | ||
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19971127 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69504357 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19981001 |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 19981005 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: TQ |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20120723 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20120816 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20120713 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20120720 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20120726 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: CENTRE NATIONAL D'*ETUDES SPATIALES Effective date: 20130731 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20130726 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 69504357 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20140201 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20140331 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130731 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140201 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130726 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130731 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130726 |