EP0761343A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Anfahren einer Giesswalzenstranggussanlage - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Anfahren einer Giesswalzenstranggussanlage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0761343A1 EP0761343A1 EP96420255A EP96420255A EP0761343A1 EP 0761343 A1 EP0761343 A1 EP 0761343A1 EP 96420255 A EP96420255 A EP 96420255A EP 96420255 A EP96420255 A EP 96420255A EP 0761343 A1 EP0761343 A1 EP 0761343A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- injector
- law
- tank
- liquid metal
- cylinders
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
- B22D11/064—Accessories therefor for supplying molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of continuous casting between rolls (generally known in English as rollcasting) of aluminum and its alloys.
- the invention relates more particularly to the casting of aluminum or aluminum alloy strips of thickness less than or equal to 4.5 mm.
- strips are then cold rolled to the final thickness which depends on the intended application.
- a strip intended for the beverage can application will be cold rolled from the thickness 6/10 mm from the continuous casting machine up to approximately 0.3 mm.
- the injectors usually used in the continuous casting between cylinders of thicker strips (6-10 mm) can be used.
- These injectors have a wide variety of shapes, with or without baffles and spacers and are generally made from refractory materials such as ceramic fibers for example.
- a conventional injector is shown in fig. 3a.
- An injector has an upper part (15) and a lower part (16) between which the liquid metal flows.
- the injector has three zones: an upstream zone called tank (11) which receives the liquid metal coming from the furnace (31), a central zone (12) which can include a number of baffles and spacers and an end zone , cylinder side, which is usually designated by the term lips (13).
- FIG. 3b Such an injector is shown in FIG. 3b.
- the tank (11) which receives the liquid metal from the furnace and distributes it in the central area of the injector (12) may have a width less than the width of the central area of the injector (12). This is the case shown in fig. 4a. But in this case, "dead" zones are created in the flow of the liquid metal which make it more difficult to control the temperature of the liquid metal during the start-up period. For starting a thin strip casting ( ⁇ 4.5 mm), it is more advantageous to use a tank whose width is equal to the width of the central area of the injector (fig. 4b). This tank may or may not be equipped with an electromagnetic stirrer intended to homogenize the temperature of the metal contained.
- FIG. 5a represents a configuration where the injector is drawn in such a way that the passage between the tank (11) and the central area (12) is completely free over the entire width of the injector.
- the corresponding dam (14) is constituted by a plate in one piece over the entire width.
- FIG. 5b represents a configuration where the passage between the tank (11) and the central zone of the injector (12) is obstructed by a spacer forming an integral part of the injector. This spacer is pierced with several passage orifices distributed over the entire width of the injector. To the right of each of the orifices is a dam (14).
- the materials used for this dam (s) are all the materials usually used in the casting of aluminum such as refractory or potey steel.
- the control of the temperatures of the liquid metal all along the chain which goes from the oven to the cylinders is an essential point for a successful start-up.
- the thermal inertia of the furnace or the presence of continuous treatment and / or filtration devices make this control more difficult.
- the optimal conditions for starting with regard to the temperature of the liquid metal are significantly different from the conditions of the steady state and the transition from the start regime to the steady state requires a lot of time which affects the productivity of the machine. and the regularity of the quality of the tape. It is useful in this case to provide a reserve of extra liquid metal in an oven or an annex pocket, maintained at a precise temperature. This make-up liquid metal replaces or is added to the liquid metal coming from the oven during the start-up period.
- the sensor (21) can be inductive or capacitive or laser.
- the actuator (23) can be a stopper or hatch actuator.
- the law of evolution of the level given as a setpoint to the regulator (23) is, in a simplified version of the invention, a law predetermined by prior experiments and simply a function of time. It is also possible to give the regulator (23), as a setpoint, a level law dependent on the casting speed and not on the time. Finally, it is possible to adopt a mixed solution where the level law is a pre-established law as a function of time, possibly corrected by the speed measurement when it deviates from a given range.
- the law of displacement of the injector support given as a setpoint to the regulator (44) is in a simplified version of the invention a law predetermined by prior experiments and simply a function of time. It is also possible to give the regulator (44) as a setpoint a law of displacement of the injector support depending on the measurement of the tightening of the cylinders or a law of displacement depending on a measurement in situ of the position of the injector . Finally, it is possible to adopt mixed solutions where the displacement law is a pre-established law and a function of time, possibly corrected by measuring the tightening of the cylinders and / or measuring the position of the injector when these parameters are 'deviate from a given range.
- the aim of this permanent adjustment of the position of the injector is to maintain between 0.1 and 0.5 mm the distance between the lips of the cylinders and to make the central plane of the injector coincide with the casting plane ( 53) equidistant from the two cylinders.
- the starting method and device according to the invention find their full effectiveness when all of the operations are automated, thus avoiding the risks of human failure.
- the method according to the invention can also be used while maintaining manual interventions such as for example the opening of the dam (s).
- Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a casting machine between rolls.
- Figure 2 is a schematic top view of a casting machine between rolls.
- Figure 3a shows in section a conventional tank / injector assembly.
- Figure 3b shows in section a tank / injector assembly according to a preferred version of the invention.
- FIG. 4a represents in perspective a tank / injector assembly where the tank has a width less than the width of the central zone of the injector.
- FIG. 4b represents in perspective a tank / injector assembly according to a preferred version of the invention where the width of the tank is equal to the width of the central area of the injector.
- FIG. 5a represents in perspective a tank / injector assembly where the passage between tank and central area of the injector is closed by a spacer itself pierced with passages spaced over the entire width.
- Figure 5b shows in perspective an injector tank assembly according to a preferred version of the invention where the passage between tank and central area of the injector is completely free and where the dam consists of a plate in one piece over all the width.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Control Of Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9509645 | 1995-08-03 | ||
FR9509645A FR2737430B1 (fr) | 1995-08-03 | 1995-08-03 | Procede et dispositif de demarrage d'une machine de coulee continue entre cylindres |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0761343A1 true EP0761343A1 (de) | 1997-03-12 |
EP0761343B1 EP0761343B1 (de) | 2002-02-27 |
Family
ID=9481813
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96420255A Expired - Lifetime EP0761343B1 (de) | 1995-08-03 | 1996-07-25 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Anfahren einer Giesswalzenstranggussanlage |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0761343B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3047162B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100301692B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE213676T1 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9603259A (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ230096A3 (de) |
DE (1) | DE69619445T2 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2172647T3 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2737430B1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO963204L (de) |
RU (1) | RU2153406C2 (de) |
TW (1) | TW317517B (de) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999010119A1 (en) * | 1997-08-27 | 1999-03-04 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Apparatus for adjusting the gap in a strip caster |
WO1999041031A1 (fr) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-08-19 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Bandes en alliage d'aluminium a grande homogeneite de surface et procede de fabrication de ces bandes |
FR2775916A1 (fr) * | 1998-03-13 | 1999-09-17 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Procede et dispositif de controle du profil d'epaisseur d'une bande metallique mince obtenue par coulee continue entre moules mobiles |
WO2023192797A1 (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-10-05 | Novelis Inc. | Automatic dam positioning systems and methods for controlling molten metal distribution to continuous casters |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AUPO591697A0 (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 1997-04-24 | Bhp Steel (Jla) Pty Limited | Casting metal strip |
KR100957038B1 (ko) | 2007-12-21 | 2010-05-13 | 한국기계연구원 | 판재 연속 주조장치 |
DE102015114725B3 (de) * | 2015-09-03 | 2016-12-08 | Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh | Schmelzenaufgabesystem für eine horizontale Bandgießanlage |
CN108480577A (zh) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-09-04 | 闻喜县远华冶金材料有限公司 | 铸轧镁合金型材的生产方法 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB897412A (en) * | 1958-01-31 | 1962-05-30 | Pechiney | Continuous casting of metals and other fusible materials |
US3405757A (en) * | 1967-04-12 | 1968-10-15 | Harvey Aluminum Inc | Method and apparatus for continuous casting of metal between oppositely rotatable cooling rolls set generally one above the other |
FR2398565A1 (fr) * | 1977-07-27 | 1979-02-23 | Scal Gp Condit Aluminium | Busette d'alimentation en metal liquide pour machine de coulee continue de bande |
US4550767A (en) * | 1984-04-09 | 1985-11-05 | Aluminum Company Of America | Roll caster apparatus having uniform flow of molten metal into novel nozzle tip assembly |
EP0443204A1 (de) * | 1990-02-19 | 1991-08-28 | Lauener Engineering AG | Metallschmelzezuführung in einer Bandgiessvorrichtung |
EP0596202A1 (de) * | 1992-10-06 | 1994-05-11 | Reynolds Metals Company | Einstellbare Fliess-Kontrolleinrichtung zum Stranggiessen von Metallbändern |
US5343932A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1994-09-06 | Reynolds Metals Company | System for feeding molten metal stream to continuous strand caster |
-
1995
- 1995-08-03 FR FR9509645A patent/FR2737430B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-07-23 TW TW085108957A patent/TW317517B/zh active
- 1996-07-25 EP EP96420255A patent/EP0761343B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-25 AT AT96420255T patent/ATE213676T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-07-25 ES ES96420255T patent/ES2172647T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-25 DE DE69619445T patent/DE69619445T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-07-31 NO NO963204A patent/NO963204L/no unknown
- 1996-08-02 BR BR9603259A patent/BR9603259A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-08-02 RU RU96115365/02A patent/RU2153406C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-08-02 CZ CZ962300A patent/CZ230096A3/cs unknown
- 1996-08-03 KR KR1019960032729A patent/KR100301692B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-08-05 JP JP8220802A patent/JP3047162B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB897412A (en) * | 1958-01-31 | 1962-05-30 | Pechiney | Continuous casting of metals and other fusible materials |
US3405757A (en) * | 1967-04-12 | 1968-10-15 | Harvey Aluminum Inc | Method and apparatus for continuous casting of metal between oppositely rotatable cooling rolls set generally one above the other |
FR2398565A1 (fr) * | 1977-07-27 | 1979-02-23 | Scal Gp Condit Aluminium | Busette d'alimentation en metal liquide pour machine de coulee continue de bande |
US4550767A (en) * | 1984-04-09 | 1985-11-05 | Aluminum Company Of America | Roll caster apparatus having uniform flow of molten metal into novel nozzle tip assembly |
EP0443204A1 (de) * | 1990-02-19 | 1991-08-28 | Lauener Engineering AG | Metallschmelzezuführung in einer Bandgiessvorrichtung |
EP0596202A1 (de) * | 1992-10-06 | 1994-05-11 | Reynolds Metals Company | Einstellbare Fliess-Kontrolleinrichtung zum Stranggiessen von Metallbändern |
US5343932A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1994-09-06 | Reynolds Metals Company | System for feeding molten metal stream to continuous strand caster |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999010119A1 (en) * | 1997-08-27 | 1999-03-04 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Apparatus for adjusting the gap in a strip caster |
US6044896A (en) * | 1997-08-27 | 2000-04-04 | Alcoa Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling the gap in a strip caster |
WO1999041031A1 (fr) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-08-19 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Bandes en alliage d'aluminium a grande homogeneite de surface et procede de fabrication de ces bandes |
FR2774930A1 (fr) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-08-20 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Bandes en alliage d'aluminium a grande homogeneite de surface et procede de fabrication de ces bandes |
US6834708B1 (en) | 1998-02-13 | 2004-12-28 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Aluminium alloys strips with high surface homogeneity and method for making same |
FR2775916A1 (fr) * | 1998-03-13 | 1999-09-17 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Procede et dispositif de controle du profil d'epaisseur d'une bande metallique mince obtenue par coulee continue entre moules mobiles |
WO1999047293A1 (fr) * | 1998-03-13 | 1999-09-23 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Procede et dispositif de controle du profil d'epaisseur d'une bande metallique mince obtenue par coulee continue entre moules mobiles |
WO2023192797A1 (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-10-05 | Novelis Inc. | Automatic dam positioning systems and methods for controlling molten metal distribution to continuous casters |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CZ230096A3 (en) | 1997-02-12 |
FR2737430A1 (fr) | 1997-02-07 |
FR2737430B1 (fr) | 1997-09-05 |
JPH09103851A (ja) | 1997-04-22 |
DE69619445T2 (de) | 2002-10-24 |
JP3047162B2 (ja) | 2000-05-29 |
TW317517B (de) | 1997-10-11 |
EP0761343B1 (de) | 2002-02-27 |
KR100301692B1 (ko) | 2001-11-22 |
RU2153406C2 (ru) | 2000-07-27 |
ATE213676T1 (de) | 2002-03-15 |
DE69619445D1 (de) | 2002-04-04 |
NO963204D0 (no) | 1996-07-31 |
NO963204L (no) | 1997-02-04 |
ES2172647T3 (es) | 2002-10-01 |
BR9603259A (pt) | 1998-04-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0761343B1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Anfahren einer Giesswalzenstranggussanlage | |
DE69602633T2 (de) | Giessen eines Stahlbandes | |
JP3274684B2 (ja) | 薄板圧延鋳造法 | |
EP0719607B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Regelung des kontinuierlichen Giessens zwischen Walzen | |
FR2590189A1 (fr) | Procede de coulee continue d'un ruban metallique | |
AU2008328228A1 (en) | Method and device for producing a metal strip | |
FR2566297A1 (fr) | Procede de coulee d'un bain metallique | |
US6793006B1 (en) | Automation of a high-speed continuous casting plant | |
CA2191180C (en) | Method for the controlled pre rolling of thin slabs leaving a continuous casting plant | |
FR2664515A1 (fr) | Procede pour le reglage des conditions operatoires dans un procede de production d'alliage continu. | |
FR2610551A1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication de bandes minces de bronze au phosphore | |
JP2001259810A (ja) | 連続鋳造方法 | |
FR2591135A1 (fr) | Procede ameliore de reglage des conditions de coulee en continu. | |
US3811491A (en) | Method and apparatus for minimizing surface defects on itr cast strip | |
EP0258894A2 (de) | Stranggussverfahren | |
FR2479795A1 (fr) | Procede d'amincissement de verre produit par flottage | |
JP3546297B2 (ja) | 連続鋳造鋳片の中心偏析低減方法 | |
JPH07132349A (ja) | 双ロール式連続鋳造方法 | |
US4592410A (en) | Continuous casting of thin slabs | |
CA2013853A1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif d'obtention de produits metalliques minces par coulee continue | |
FR2522287A1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication de toles ou plaques d'acier | |
Flick et al. | VAI's advanced equipments for high-performance casters | |
JP3045212B2 (ja) | 双ドラム式薄板連続鋳造方法 | |
FR2607738A3 (fr) | Dispositif pour l'alimentation en metal en fusion des lingotieres de coulee continue | |
FR2775916A1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif de controle du profil d'epaisseur d'une bande metallique mince obtenue par coulee continue entre moules mobiles |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE DE ES FR GB GR IT LU SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19970414 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19981117 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE DE ES FR GB GR IT LU SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 213676 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 20020315 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69619445 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20020404 |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20020516 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20020617 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Payment date: 20020618 Year of fee payment: 7 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20020618 Year of fee payment: 7 Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20020618 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20020625 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
RAP2 | Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred) |
Owner name: PECHINEY RHENALU |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Payment date: 20020628 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20020712 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20020819 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GR Ref legal event code: EP Ref document number: 20020401589 Country of ref document: GR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2172647 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20021128 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030725 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030725 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030725 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030726 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030726 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030731 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: *PECHINEY RHENALU Effective date: 20030731 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040203 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040205 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed | ||
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20030725 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20030726 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: TP Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: CL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: AU |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20150717 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20150727 Year of fee payment: 20 |