EP0754926B1 - Turret for a wheeled or tracked vehicle - Google Patents

Turret for a wheeled or tracked vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0754926B1
EP0754926B1 EP96111474A EP96111474A EP0754926B1 EP 0754926 B1 EP0754926 B1 EP 0754926B1 EP 96111474 A EP96111474 A EP 96111474A EP 96111474 A EP96111474 A EP 96111474A EP 0754926 B1 EP0754926 B1 EP 0754926B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weapon
magazine
ammunition
turret
belt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96111474A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0754926A3 (en
EP0754926A2 (en
Inventor
Friedrich-Wilhelm Strasser
Peter Ertl
Hans-Jürgen Pollack
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Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH
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Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH
Publication of EP0754926A2 publication Critical patent/EP0754926A2/en
Publication of EP0754926A3 publication Critical patent/EP0754926A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0754926B1 publication Critical patent/EP0754926B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/29—Feeding of belted ammunition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A23/00—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles
    • F41A23/24—Turret gun mountings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tower for a preferably armored wheeled or tracked vehicle, with a weapon and a magazine from which the weapon ammunition is feedable.
  • Such a tower usually takes place as a so-called One-man turret on armored or unarmored wheel or Tracked vehicles use, for example for Crisis response forces and as a combat support vehicle be used.
  • a main weapon is up on the turret 30 mm caliber mounted.
  • the ammunition of the weapon is in taped form via a conveyor channel from a magazine fed that arranged below the weapon on a stage is.
  • the weapon can be used in the resulting gas pressure on the ammunition or Ammunition belt cartridges have a certain tensile force exercise, but this is usually not sufficient to the head for the belt from the magazine to the weapon overcome. Furthermore, arise in the conveyor channel Frictional forces that must also be overcome.
  • the invention has for its object a tower to create the type in which the ammunition in easier and can be reliably fed to the weapon.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in a tower mentioned type in that the ammunition of the weapon in belted form is led and that the taped ammunition is spirally wound in the magazine, the Ammunition belt from the magazine without guide device runs free of the weapon.
  • the vertical alignment of the ammunition in the magazine ensures a very good utilization of the existing Transport space, where it turned out to be advantageous that the taped ammunition is spiraling in the magazine is wound up or wound up, making them safe and pulled out of the magazine with little pulling force can be.
  • the implementation of the vertical alignment in the horizontal orientation can be in easier Way by twisting or twisting the ammunition belt respectively. It has been shown that due to the low pull-out force required from the magazine and the stiffness of the ammunition belt no guide surfaces or channels are necessary so that the ammunition belt runs freely from the magazine to the weapon.
  • the magazine preferably consists of a rotatable one Base plate with a central column, which at the same time the Axis of rotation forms.
  • the base plate can be of fixed Side or boundary walls may be surrounded.
  • the rotatable Base plate makes it easier to pull off the wound Ammunition belt, a preferred embodiment Brake device for the base plate may be provided can, the braking force is adjustable and the a ' unintentional excessive pulling out of the ammunition belt prevented.
  • a magazine is arranged on both sides of the weapon, so that there is a large ammunition stock and the Weapons an ammunition belt from both the right and left can be supplied. This is particularly advantageous if the weapon with a known Double belt conveyor is equipped.
  • the two magazines are preferably of the same size and structure, however, they can be of different sizes if necessary be executed and different ammunition if necessary Type.
  • the magazine in the outlet direction of the ammunition belt is inclined downwards.
  • the outlet of the magazine is preferably facing the weapon, so that by the inclination support for the magazine for the ammunition belt in the promotion due to a gravity component given is.
  • Outlet of the magazine is arranged to guide a snagging of the ammunition belt when pulling it out to avoid the magazine.
  • the ammunition belt is preferably clamped in the weapon and promoted by this alone.
  • the ammunition preferably runs the shortest way from the magazine to the weapon, the ammunition belt on this route automatically takes the optimal, twisted position.
  • the Ammunition belt After the cartridges in the gun from the ammunition belt removed or removed from this, the Ammunition belt out of the gun. Because the ammunition belt usually to be reused, it must be used by be stored temporarily after the next ammunition.
  • the ammunition belt usually made of consists of several interlocking belt links with Using a separator after the ammunition has been removed and exit from the weapon into his belt members is disassembled.
  • the separating device is preferably a Downstream conveyor, by means of which the isolated Belt links are fed to a collecting container can.
  • a Slide can be provided.
  • the collection container should be in Tower be arranged.
  • a guide surface can be provided as the separating device by means of which the respective outer, i.e. to individual belt link relative to the following Belt link swiveling and therefore disengageable is.
  • the empty pods of the Ammunition usually from the gun and the top Tower ejected. If the weapon is at its maximum there is an upward inclination Danger that the ejected sleeves instead of upwards, flying diagonally backwards and superstructures of the tower, especially hit and damage the target optics.
  • an ejection channel provided a guide when the weapon is tilted upwards for the sleeves to be ejected into a desired one Ejection direction, in particular forms vertically upwards.
  • the chute is out of function because the Sleeves vertically upwards from the weapon and therefore also ejected vertically to the tower. With up inclined weapon, the discharge channel ensures that the perpendicular to the weapon and tilted towards the turret Sleeves are deflected such that they are relative to the tower fly up.
  • the Ejection channel in no position of the weapon over the top of the tower.
  • the ejection channel is formed by several segments is connected in a fan-like manner and relative to each other when the weapon is pointing upwards are adjustable.
  • the weapons side segment is firmly connected to the weapon carrier, while the segment arranged at the other end of the ejection channel the tower housing is engaged. If the gun is on is directed upwards, the rear end of the 'Gun with the ejector for the sleeves relative to that Tower housing. This difference in height is then determined by the bridging segments that can be adjusted to each other in a fan-like manner, so that the sleeve always in the desired manner upwards exit.
  • the magazine and thus the ammunition is arranged in the tower, there is a risk that the Ammunition explodes when the turret is from a projectile is hit.
  • the tower housing a the tower compared to the vehicle interior below has delimiting pressure-stable base plate. The bottom plate ensures that the pressure wave of a possible Explosion of ammunition in the tower not in the one below lying vehicle interior.
  • the operator room in the tower is preferably also in which the operator sits for the weapon, through a pressure-stable bulkhead shielded from the magazines.
  • the top of the tower above the magazines at least one slightly hinged and detachable plate is provided. This puts in the event of an explosion of ammunition the tower a directed pressure reduction to the outside or upwards sure.
  • Figure 1 has a tower 10, which is usually rotatable is mounted on a vehicle, not shown, a weapon 11 on, except in its horizontal home position H in one only by the corresponding axis indicated to be inclined downwards by an angle ⁇ Position U and one inclined upwards by an angle ⁇ Position O can be adjusted.
  • a target optic 16 is arranged with which one according to FIG. 2 sitting in an operator room 28 behind the weapon Operator 15 align the weapon 11 in the desired manner can.
  • the Magazine 12 has a rotatable around a central column 12a Base plate 12b on which the ammunition belt in the wound Condition is stored.
  • the base plate 12b is adjustable by means of a not shown Brake device applied.
  • the ammunition belt 19 is in a double belt conveyor 11a the weapon 11 inserted with the ammunition in alignment enters it with a weapon. This means that the Ammunition belt 19 after leaving the magazine 12 in is rotated or twisted substantially 90 °, as in the Figures, wherein it is from the magazine 12th the weapon 11 runs freely without a guide device.
  • the empty pods 13a of the cartridges from the weapon 11 essentially vertical ejected upwards. This represents horizontal Alignment of the weapon is not a problem, since the behind the Gun-arranged target optics 16 of the ejected Sleeves 13a cannot be hit.
  • weapon in the indicated in Figure 1 to the Angle ⁇ is in the upward inclined position O.
  • a fan-like ejection channel 20 is provided, which is indicated in Figure 4.
  • the ejection channel 15 is made four fan-articulated interconnected Segments 21, 22, 23 and 24 that moved into each other can be.
  • the lower segment 21 according to FIG. 4 is firmly attached to the top of the weapon.
  • the most segment 24 arranged at the other end of the ejection channel 20 is engaged with the tower housing. This ensures that the mouth of the discharge channel 20 or the last segment 24 always one perpendicular to the tower ejection direction defined above.
  • the view for the target optics 16 is in. no position of the weapon 11 through the discharge channel 20 hindered because the segments do not over the top of the Tower.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Structure Of Belt Conveyors (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Abstract

The munitions (13) are accommodated in a vertical alignment in the magazine (12) and on feed to the weapon (11) are aligned to it. The strapped munitions are wound spirally in the magazine and the strap (919) runs freely from the magazine to the weapon without the use of a guide device. A magazine can be fitted on both sides of the weapon. The magazine has a rotatable base plate (12b) with a central column (12a) and a brake device is provided for the base plate. The munition strap in its feed to the weapon is turned from its vertical alignment to one horizontal. The magazine in the outlet direction of the munition strap is inclined downwards. Near the outlet of the magazine a guide roller (14) is arranged.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Turm für ein vorzugsweise gepanzertes Rad- oder Kettenfahrzeug, mit einer Waffe und einem Magazin, aus dem der Waffe Munition zuführbar ist.The invention relates to a tower for a preferably armored wheeled or tracked vehicle, with a weapon and a magazine from which the weapon ammunition is feedable.

Ein derartiger Turm findet üblicherweise als sogenannter Ein-Mann-Turm auf gepanzerten oder ungepanzerten Radoder Kettenfahrzeugen Verwendung, die beispielsweise für Krisenreaktionskräfte und als Kampfunterstützungsfahrzeug eingesetzt werden. Auf dem Turm ist eine Hauptwaffe bis Kaliber 30 mm montiert.Such a tower usually takes place as a so-called One-man turret on armored or unarmored wheel or Tracked vehicles use, for example for Crisis response forces and as a combat support vehicle be used. A main weapon is up on the turret 30 mm caliber mounted.

Bei dem bekannten Turm wird die Munition der Waffe in gegurteter Form über einen Förderkanal aus einem Magazin zugeführt, das unterhalb der Waffe auf einer Bühne angeordnet ist. Die Waffe kann zwar unter Ausnutzung des in ihr entstehenden Gasdruckes auf den mit Munition bzw. Patronen bestückten Munitionsgurt eine gewisse Zugkraft ausüben, diese reicht jedoch in der Regel nicht dazu aus, die Förderhöhe für den Gurt von dem Magazin zur Waffe zu überwinden. Des weiteren entstehen in dem Förderkanal Reibungskräfte, die ebenfalls überwunden werden müssen.In the known tower, the ammunition of the weapon is in taped form via a conveyor channel from a magazine fed that arranged below the weapon on a stage is. The weapon can be used in the resulting gas pressure on the ammunition or Ammunition belt cartridges have a certain tensile force exercise, but this is usually not sufficient to the head for the belt from the magazine to the weapon overcome. Furthermore, arise in the conveyor channel Frictional forces that must also be overcome.

Aus diesen Gründen ist es bekannt, mechanische Förderhilfen und Zugkraftverstärker, sogenannte Booster, vorzusehen, die eine ordnungsgemäße Zuführung des Munitionsgurtes zu der Waffe sicherstellen sollen.For these reasons it is known to use mechanical conveying aids and to provide traction boosters, the proper feeding of the ammunition belt to ensure the weapon.

Aufgrund der mechanischen Förderhilfen und der Zugkraftverstärker wird der konstruktive Aufbau jedoch relativ aufwendig und somit teuer. Darüber hinaus beanspruchen die Baueinheiten einen großen Bauraum und sind relativ schwer, so daß es zur Beibehaltung des Gesamtgewichts des Turms notwendig ist, die Zuladung insbesondere an Munition zu verringern, was die Kampfstärke des Turms herabsetzt. Des weiteren hat es sich gezeigt, daß es aufgrund der relativ großen Förderstrecke von dem Magazin zur Waffe zu Funktionsstörungen kommen kann.Because of the mechanical conveying aids and the traction booster however, the constructive structure becomes relative complex and therefore expensive. Claim beyond the units have a large installation space and are relative heavy so that it can help maintain the overall weight of the Tower is necessary, the payload in particular on ammunition decrease, which reduces the tower's combat strength. Furthermore, it has been shown that it is due to the relatively large conveyor line from the magazine to Weapon may malfunction.

Aus der US 4 840 108 ist ein Turm gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt, bei dem das Magazin im Turm seitlich neben der Waffe angeordnet ist. Die Munition ist im Magazin, das von einem auswechselbaren Container gebildet ist, in vertikaler Ausrichtung stehend aufgenommen. Zwischen dem Magazin und der Waffe verläuft ein flexibler Führungskanal, in dem die Munition der Waffe zugeführt wird, wobei sie mit dieser in Ausrichtung gebracht wird. Die Verwendung eines flexiblen Führungskanals ist jedoch störungsanfällig und konstruktiv aufwendig.From US 4,840,108 a tower according to the preamble of claim 1 is known, in which the Magazine is placed in the turret next to the weapon. The ammunition is in the magazine by a replaceable one Container is formed in a vertical orientation standing up. Between the magazine and the gun runs a flexible guide channel in which the ammunition the weapon is fed, being in alignment with it brought. The use of a flexible However, the guide channel is prone to failure and constructive consuming.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Turm der genannten Art zu schaffen, bei dem die Munition in einfacher und zuverlässiger Weise der Waffe zuführbar ist. The invention has for its object a tower to create the type in which the ammunition in easier and can be reliably fed to the weapon.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß bei einem Turm der genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß die Munition der Waffe in gegurteter Form nugeführt wird und daß die gegurtete Munition in dem Magazin spiralförmig aufgespult ist, wobei der Munitionsgurt von dem Magazin ohne Führungsvorrichtung frei der Waffe zuläuft.This object is achieved according to the invention in a tower mentioned type in that the ammunition of the weapon in belted form is led and that the taped ammunition is spirally wound in the magazine, the Ammunition belt from the magazine without guide device runs free of the weapon.

Da das Magazin im wesentlichen in der gleichen Höhe wie die Waffe angeordnet ist, muß beim Transport der Munition vom Magazin zur Waffe keine geodätische Höhe überwunden werden. Dies bringt den Vorteil mit sich, daß die in der Waffe entstehende Zugkraft für die Förderung des Munitionsgurtes bzw. die Zuführung der Munition ausreicht, ohne daß Förderhilfen oder Zugkraftverstärker benötigt werden. Dadurch wird der konstruktive Aufbau wesentlich vereinfacht und auch wesentlicher Bauraum sowie Gewicht eingespart.Because the magazine is essentially at the same height as the gun is in place when transporting the ammunition no geodetic height was overcome from the magazine to the weapon become. This has the advantage that the in the Gun created traction for the promotion of the ammunition belt or the ammunition is sufficient, without the need for conveying aids or traction boosters become. This makes the design structure essential simplified and also essential space and weight saved.

Die vertikale Ausrichtung der Munition in dem Magazin gewährleistet eine sehr gute Ausnutzung des vorhandenen Transportraums, wobei es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen hat, daß die gegurtete Munition in dem Magazin spiralförmig aufgespult oder aufgewickelt ist, wodurch sie sicher und mit nur geringer Auszugskraft aus dem Magazin herausgezogen werden kann. Darüber hinaus ist der weitere Vorteil gegeben, daß das Magazin in einfacher und sicherer Weise schnell beladen werden kann, indem beispielsweise ein aufmunitionierter Gurt mit an sich bekannten Einrichtungen eingekurbelt wird.The vertical alignment of the ammunition in the magazine ensures a very good utilization of the existing Transport space, where it turned out to be advantageous that the taped ammunition is spiraling in the magazine is wound up or wound up, making them safe and pulled out of the magazine with little pulling force can be. In addition, the other Given advantage that the magazine in easier and safer Way can be loaded quickly, for example an ammunition belt with known Facilities is cranked.

Wenn eine im Munitionsgurt befindliche Patrone mit diesem aus dem Magazin herausgezogen wird, weist sie noch eine im wesentlichen vertikale Ausrichtung auf. Um automatisch in die Waffe gelangen zu können, muß die Patrone jedoch mit dieser in Ausrichtung gebracht werden, was bei horizontaler Waffe auch eine horizontale Ausrichtung der If a cartridge in the ammunition belt with this is pulled out of the magazine, it has one more essentially vertical alignment. To automatically However, the cartridge must be able to get into the weapon be aligned with this, which is horizontal Gun also has a horizontal orientation

Patrone bedingt. Die Umsetzung von der vertikalen Ausrichtung in die horizontale Ausrichtung kann in einfacher Weise durch eine Verdrehung oder Verdrillung des Munitionsgurtes erfolgen. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß aufgrund der geringen notwendigen Auszugskraft aus dem Magazin und der Eigensteifigkeit des Munitionsgurtes keine Führungsflächen oder Kanäle notwendig sind, so daß der Munitionsgurt von dem Magazin frei der Waffe zuläuft.Cartridge limited. The implementation of the vertical alignment in the horizontal orientation can be in easier Way by twisting or twisting the ammunition belt respectively. It has been shown that due to the low pull-out force required from the magazine and the stiffness of the ammunition belt no guide surfaces or channels are necessary so that the ammunition belt runs freely from the magazine to the weapon.

Vorzugsweise besteht das Magazin aus einer drehbaren Grundplatte mit einer Mittelsäule, die gleichzeitig die Drehachse bildet. Die Grundplatte kann von ortsfesten Seiten- bzw. Begrenzungswänden umgeben sein. Die drehbare Grundplatte erleichtert das Abziehen des aufgespulten Munitionsgurtes, wobei in bevorzugter Ausgestaltung eine Bremsvorrichtung für die Grundplatte vorgesehen sein kann, deren Bremskraft einstellbar ist und die ein' unbeabsichtigtes übermäßiges Herausziehen des Munitionsgurtes verhindert.The magazine preferably consists of a rotatable one Base plate with a central column, which at the same time the Axis of rotation forms. The base plate can be of fixed Side or boundary walls may be surrounded. The rotatable Base plate makes it easier to pull off the wound Ammunition belt, a preferred embodiment Brake device for the base plate may be provided can, the braking force is adjustable and the a ' unintentional excessive pulling out of the ammunition belt prevented.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß zu beiden Seiten der Waffe ein Magazin angeordnet ist, so daß ein großer Munitionsvorrat vorhanden ist und der Waffe sowohl von rechts als auch von links ein Munitionsgurt zugeführt werden kann. Dies ist insbesondere vorteilhaft, wenn die Waffe mit einem an sich bekannten Doppelgurt-Förderer ausgerüstet ist. Die beiden Magazine sind vorzugsweise gleich groß und gleichartig aufgebaut, jedoch können Sie bei Bedarf auch unterschiedlich groß ausgeführt sein und gegebenenfalls Munition unterschiedlichen Typs aufnehmen.In a further development of the invention it is provided that a magazine is arranged on both sides of the weapon, so that there is a large ammunition stock and the Weapons an ammunition belt from both the right and left can be supplied. This is particularly advantageous if the weapon with a known Double belt conveyor is equipped. The two magazines are preferably of the same size and structure, however, they can be of different sizes if necessary be executed and different ammunition if necessary Type.

In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß das Magazin in Auslaßrichtung des Munitionsgurtes nach unten geneigt ist. Der Auslaß des Magazins ist vorzugsweise der Waffe zugewandt, so daß durch die Neigung des Magazins für den Munitionsgurt eine Unterstützung bei der Förderung infolge einer Schwerkraftkomponente gegeben ist.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, that the magazine in the outlet direction of the ammunition belt is inclined downwards. The outlet of the magazine is preferably facing the weapon, so that by the inclination support for the magazine for the ammunition belt in the promotion due to a gravity component given is.

Es hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn nahe dem Auslaß des Magazins eine Führungsrolle angeordnet ist, um ein Verhaken des Munitionsgurtes beim Herausziehen aus dem Magazin zu vermeiden.It has proven beneficial if close to that Outlet of the magazine is arranged to guide a snagging of the ammunition belt when pulling it out to avoid the magazine.

Vorzugsweise wird der Munitionsgurt in die Waffe eingespannt und allein durch diese gefördert. Die Munition läuft dabei vorzugsweise auf kürzestem Weg von dem Magazin zur Waffe, wobei der Munitionsgurt auf dieser Strecke von selbst die optimale, in sich verdrehte Lage einnimmt.The ammunition belt is preferably clamped in the weapon and promoted by this alone. The ammunition preferably runs the shortest way from the magazine to the weapon, the ammunition belt on this route automatically takes the optimal, twisted position.

Nachdem die Patronen in der Waffe aus dem Munitionsgurt herausgelöst bzw. aus diesem entnommen wurden, tritt der Munitionsgurt aus der Waffe aus. Da der Munitionsgurt üblicherweise wiederverwendet werden soll, muß er bis zum nächsten Aufmunitionieren zwischengelagert werden. In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dabei vorgesehen, daß der Munitionsgurt, der üblicherweise aus mehreren ineinander greifenden Gurtgliedern besteht, mit Hilfe einer Trennvorrichtung nach der Entnahme der Munition und dem Austritt aus der Waffe in seine Gurtglieder zerlegt wird. Vorzugsweise ist der Trennvorrichtung eine Fördervorrichtung nachgeschaltet, mittels der die vereinzelten Gurtglieder einem Sammelbehältnis zugeführt werden können. Als Fördervorrichtung kann beispielsweise eine Rutsche vorgesehen sein. Das Sammelbehältnis sollte im Turm angeordnet sein.After the cartridges in the gun from the ammunition belt removed or removed from this, the Ammunition belt out of the gun. Because the ammunition belt usually to be reused, it must be used by be stored temporarily after the next ammunition. In advantageous embodiment of the invention provided that the ammunition belt, usually made of consists of several interlocking belt links with Using a separator after the ammunition has been removed and exit from the weapon into his belt members is disassembled. The separating device is preferably a Downstream conveyor, by means of which the isolated Belt links are fed to a collecting container can. For example, a Slide can be provided. The collection container should be in Tower be arranged.

Es hat sich bewährt, daß die Trennvorrichtung direkt an der Waffe bzw. dem Doppelgurtzuführer der Waffe montiert ist. Als Trennvorrichtung kann eine Führungsfläche vorgesehen sein, mittels der das jeweils äußere, d.h. zu vereinzelnde Gurtglied relativ zu dem nachfolgenden Gurtglied schwenkbar und dadurch außer Eingriff bringbar ist. Als besonders wirkungsvoll hat sich eine konkave, nach oben gekrümmte Führungsfläche erwiesen.It has been proven that the separator directly the weapon or the double belt feeder of the weapon is. A guide surface can be provided as the separating device by means of which the respective outer, i.e. to individual belt link relative to the following Belt link swiveling and therefore disengageable is. A concave, proven upward curved guide surface.

Nach Abfeuern des Geschosses werden die leeren Hülsen der Munition üblicherweise nach oben aus der Waffe und dem Turm ausgeworfen. Wenn die Waffe sich in ihrer maximalen nach oben gerichteten Neigung befindet, besteht die Gefahr, daß die ausgeworfenen Hülsen statt nach oben, nach schräg hinten fliegen und Aufbauten des Turms, insbesondere die Zieloptik treffen und beschädigen. In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist deshalb ein Auswurfkanal vorgesehen, der bei nach oben geneigter Waffe eine Führung für die auszuwerfenden Hülsen in eine gewünschte Auswurfrichtung, insbesondere vertikal nach oben bildet. Wenn die Waffe sich in ihrer horizontalen Grundstellung befindet, ist der Auswurfkanal außer Funktion, da die Hülsen vertikal nach oben aus der Waffe und somit auch vertikal zum Turm ausgeworfen werden. Bei nach oben geneigter Waffe sorgt der Auswurfkanal dafür, daß die senkrecht zur Waffe und geneigt zum Turm ausgeworfenen Hülsen derart umgelenkt werden, daß sie relativ zum Turm nach oben fliegen.After firing the bullet, the empty pods of the Ammunition usually from the gun and the top Tower ejected. If the weapon is at its maximum there is an upward inclination Danger that the ejected sleeves instead of upwards, flying diagonally backwards and superstructures of the tower, especially hit and damage the target optics. In Further development of the invention is therefore an ejection channel provided a guide when the weapon is tilted upwards for the sleeves to be ejected into a desired one Ejection direction, in particular forms vertically upwards. When the weapon is in its horizontal home position the chute is out of function because the Sleeves vertically upwards from the weapon and therefore also ejected vertically to the tower. With up inclined weapon, the discharge channel ensures that the perpendicular to the weapon and tilted towards the turret Sleeves are deflected such that they are relative to the tower fly up.

Um die Sicht für die Zieloptik freizuhalten, darf der Auswurfkanal in keiner Stellung der Waffe über die Oberseite des Turmes vorstehen. Aus diesem Grunde kann in vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen sein, daß der Auswurfkanal von mehreren Segmenten gebildet ist, die fächerartig gelenkig miteinander verbunden sind und bei nach oben gerichteter Waffe relativ zueinander verstellbar sind. Das waffenseitige Segment ist dabei fest mit dem Waffenträger verbunden, während das am anderen Ende des Auswurfkanals angeordnete Segment mit dem Turmgehäuse in Eingriff steht. Wenn die Waffe nach oben gerichtet wird, senkt sich das hintere Ende der 'Waffe mit dem Auswerfer für die Hülsen relativ zu dem Turmgehäuse ab. Diese Höhendifferenz wird dann durch die fächerartig zueinander verstellbaren Segmente überbrückt, so daß die Hülse immer in gewünschter Weise nach oben austritt.To keep the view clear for the target optics, the Ejection channel in no position of the weapon over the top of the tower. For this reason, in advantageous embodiment of the invention provided be that the ejection channel is formed by several segments is connected in a fan-like manner and relative to each other when the weapon is pointing upwards are adjustable. The weapons side segment is firmly connected to the weapon carrier, while the segment arranged at the other end of the ejection channel the tower housing is engaged. If the gun is on is directed upwards, the rear end of the 'Gun with the ejector for the sleeves relative to that Tower housing. This difference in height is then determined by the bridging segments that can be adjusted to each other in a fan-like manner, so that the sleeve always in the desired manner upwards exit.

Wenn erfindungsgemäß die Magazine und somit die Munition im Turm angeordnet ist, besteht die Gefahr, daß die Munition explodiert, wenn der Turm von einem Geschoß getroffen wird. Um eine Beschädigung des den Turm tragenden Fahrzeugs zu verhindern, ist in vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung vorgesehen, daß das Turmgehäuse eine den Turm gegenüber dem darunter angeordneten Fahrzeuginnenraum abgrenzende druckstabile Bodenplatte aufweist. Die Bodenplatte stellt sicher, daß die Druckwelle einer eventuellen Explosion der Munition im Turm nicht in den darunter liegenden Fahrzeuginnenraum gelangt.If according to the invention the magazine and thus the ammunition is arranged in the tower, there is a risk that the Ammunition explodes when the turret is from a projectile is hit. To damage the tower Preventing the vehicle is an advantageous embodiment provided that the tower housing a the tower compared to the vehicle interior below has delimiting pressure-stable base plate. The bottom plate ensures that the pressure wave of a possible Explosion of ammunition in the tower not in the one below lying vehicle interior.

Vorzugsweise ist auch der Bedienerraum in dem Turm, in dem die Bedienperson für die Waffe sitzt, durch eine druckstabile Schottwand von den Magazinen abgeschirmt. In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß auf der Turmoberseite oberhalb der Magazine zumindest eine leicht aufklappbare und absprengbare Platte vorgesehen ist. Dies stellt im Falle einer Explosion der Munition innerhalb des Turmes einen gerichteten Druckabbau nach außen bzw. nach oben sicher.The operator room in the tower is preferably also in which the operator sits for the weapon, through a pressure-stable bulkhead shielded from the magazines. In Further development of the invention provides that The top of the tower above the magazines at least one slightly hinged and detachable plate is provided. This puts in the event of an explosion of ammunition the tower a directed pressure reduction to the outside or upwards sure.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Merkmale der Erfindung sind aus der folgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung ersichtlich. Es zeigen:

Figur 1:
einen vertikalen Längsschnitt durch einen Turm,
Figur 2:
einen horizontalen Schnitt durch den Turm gemäß Figur 1
Figur 3:
einen vertikalen Schnitt durch den Turm gemäß Figur 1 und
Figur 4:
den Auswurfkanal für Munitionshülsen.
Further details and features of the invention are apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Figure 1:
a vertical longitudinal section through a tower,
Figure 2:
a horizontal section through the tower of Figure 1
Figure 3:
a vertical section through the tower of Figure 1 and
Figure 4:
the ejection channel for ammunition cases.

Gemäß Figur 1 weist ein Turm 10, der üblicherweise drehbar auf einem nicht dargestellten Fahrzeug montiert ist, eine Waffe 11 auf, die außer in ihrer horizontalen Grundstellung H in eine nur durch die entsprechende Achse angedeutete, um einen Winkel β nach unten geneigten Stellung U und eine um einen Winkel α nach oben geneigte Stellung O verstellt werden kann. Hinter der Waffe ist eine Zieloptik 16 angeordnet, mit der eine gemäß Figur 2 in einem Bedienerraum 28 hinter der Waffe sitzender Bedienperson 15 die Waffe 11 in gewünschter Weise ausrichten kann.According to Figure 1 has a tower 10, which is usually rotatable is mounted on a vehicle, not shown, a weapon 11 on, except in its horizontal home position H in one only by the corresponding axis indicated to be inclined downwards by an angle β Position U and one inclined upwards by an angle α Position O can be adjusted. Is behind the gun a target optic 16 is arranged with which one according to FIG. 2 sitting in an operator room 28 behind the weapon Operator 15 align the weapon 11 in the desired manner can.

Zu beiden Seiten der Waffe 11 ist jeweils ein Magazin 12 angeordnet, in dem ein Munitionsgurt 19 mit aufmunitionierten Patronen 13 spiralförmig aufgewickelt ist. Wie insbesondere Figur 1 zeigt, sind die Patronen 13 innerhalb des Magazins 12 im wesentlichen in vertikaler Ausrichtung stehend angeordnet, wobei das Magazin 12 leicht nach unten zur Waffe 11 hin geneigt ist. Nahe dem Auslaß des Magazins 12, das durch innenseitige Leitwände 18 begrenzt ist, ist jeweils eine Führungsrolle 14 angeordnet, die ein Verhaken des Munitionsgurtes 19 bei der Förderung verhindert. Der Bereich des Turms, in dem sich die Magazine 12 befinden, ist von dem Bedienerraum 28 durch eine druckfeste Schottwand 27 abgetrennt. Das Magazin 12 weist eine um eine Mittelsäule 12a drehbare Grundplatte 12b auf, auf der der Munitionsgurt im aufgewickelten Zustand aufgelagert ist. Die Grundplatte 12b ist mittels einer nicht dargestellten, einstellbaren Bremsvorrichtung beaufschlagt.There is a magazine 12 on each side of the weapon 11 arranged in which an ammunition belt 19 with ammunition Cartridges 13 is wound spirally. How 1 shows, in particular, the cartridges 13 are inside of the magazine 12 essentially in a vertical orientation arranged upright, the magazine 12 easily is inclined down towards the weapon 11. Near the outlet of the magazine 12, which is guided by inside guide walls 18 is limited, a guide roller 14 is arranged in each case, the hooking of the ammunition belt 19 in the Funding prevented. The area of the tower in which magazines 12 are located from operator room 28 separated by a pressure-resistant bulkhead 27. The Magazine 12 has a rotatable around a central column 12a Base plate 12b on which the ammunition belt in the wound Condition is stored. The base plate 12b is adjustable by means of a not shown Brake device applied.

Der Munitionsgurt 19 wird in einen Doppelgurtförderer 11a der Waffe 11 eingelegt, wobei die Munition in Ausrichtung mit der Waffe in diese eintritt. Dies bedingt, daß der Munitionsgurt 19 nach dem Verlassen des Magazins 12 um im wesentlichen 90° verdreht bzw. verdrillt wird, wie in den Figuren dargestellt ist, wobei er von dem Magazin 12 ohne Führungsvorrichtung frei der Waffe 11 zuläuft.The ammunition belt 19 is in a double belt conveyor 11a the weapon 11 inserted with the ammunition in alignment enters it with a weapon. This means that the Ammunition belt 19 after leaving the magazine 12 in is rotated or twisted substantially 90 °, as in the Figures, wherein it is from the magazine 12th the weapon 11 runs freely without a guide device.

Wenn die Patronen 13 in der Waffe den Munitionsgurt 19 entnommen sind und der leere Munitionsgurt aus der Waffe 11 austritt, läuft das äußere Gurtglied des Munitionsgurtes 19 auf eine konkave, nach oben gekrümmte Führungsfläche 17 (siehe Figur 3) auf, wodurch es relativ zu dem nachfolgenden Gurtglied geschwenkt wird. Dadurch kommen die beiden ineinander verhakten Gurtglieder außer Eingriff, so daß das äußere, nunmehr vereinzelte Gurtglied über die als Rutsche ausgebildete Führungsfläche 17 einem nicht dargestellten Sammelbehältnis innerhalb des Turms 10 zugeführt werden kann.If the cartridges 13 in the weapon the ammunition belt 19th are removed and the empty ammunition belt from the weapon 11 emerges, the outer belt member of the ammunition belt runs 19 on a concave, upwardly curved guide surface 17 (see Figure 3), making it relative to the subsequent belt link is pivoted. Come through this the two interlocking belt links disengaged, so that the outer, now isolated belt link a guide surface 17 designed as a slide not shown collection container inside the tower 10 can be supplied.

Wie in Figur 4 dargestellt ist, werden die leeren Hülsen 13a der Patronen aus der Waffe 11 im wesentlichen senkrecht nach oben ausgeworfen. Dies stellt bei horizontaler Ausrichtung der Waffe kein Problem dar, da die hinter der Waffe angeordnete Zieloptik 16 von den ausgeworfenen Hülsen 13a nicht getroffen werden kann. Wenn sich die Waffe jedoch in der in Figur 1 angedeuteten, um den Winkel α nach oben geneigten Stellung O befindet, werden die senkrecht zur Waffe ausgeworfenen Hülsen 13a nunmehr relativ zum Turm schräg nach hinten ausgeworfen. Um dabei zu verhindern, daß die Hülsen 13a die Zieloptik 16 treffen, ist ein fächerartiger Auswurfkanal 20 vorgesehen, der in Figur 4 angedeutet ist. Der Auswurfkanal 15 besteht aus vier fächerartig gelenkig miteinander verbundenen Segmenten 21,22,23 und 24, die ineinander verschoben werden können. Das gemäß Figur 4 untere Segment 21 ist fest mit der Oberseite der Waffe verbunden. Das am anderen Ende des Auswurfkanals 20 angeordnete Segment 24 steht mit dem Turmgehäuse in Eingriff. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, daß die Mündung des Auswurfkanals 20 bzw. das letzte Segment 24 immer eine senkrecht zum Turm nach oben gerichtete Auswurfrichtung definiert.As shown in Figure 4, the empty pods 13a of the cartridges from the weapon 11 essentially vertical ejected upwards. This represents horizontal Alignment of the weapon is not a problem, since the behind the Gun-arranged target optics 16 of the ejected Sleeves 13a cannot be hit. If the However, weapon in the indicated in Figure 1 to the Angle α is in the upward inclined position O. the sleeves 13a ejected perpendicular to the weapon ejected obliquely to the rear of the tower. To be there to prevent the sleeves 13a from hitting the target optics 16, a fan-like ejection channel 20 is provided, which is indicated in Figure 4. The ejection channel 15 is made four fan-articulated interconnected Segments 21, 22, 23 and 24 that moved into each other can be. The lower segment 21 according to FIG. 4 is firmly attached to the top of the weapon. The most segment 24 arranged at the other end of the ejection channel 20 is engaged with the tower housing. This ensures that the mouth of the discharge channel 20 or the last segment 24 always one perpendicular to the tower ejection direction defined above.

Wenn die Waffe um das Drehlager 25 nach oben geschwenkt wird, wird das an der Waffe befestigte Segment 21 um den gemeinsamen Drehpunkt 26 nach unten verschwenkt. Da das am anderen Ende angeordnete Segment 24 mit dem Turm in Eingriff steht, wird der Auswurfkanal 20 in seine ausgezogene, in Figur 4 gezeigte Stellung gebracht. Die in diesem Zustand aus der Waffe mit Bezug zum Turm schräg nach hinten ausgeworfenen Hülsen 13a werden durch den Auswurfkanal 20 derart umgelenkt, daß sie im wesentlichen vertikal nach oben austreten.When the weapon is pivoted up around the pivot bearing 25 the segment 21 attached to the weapon is around the common pivot point 26 pivoted downward. Since that segment 24 arranged at the other end with the tower in Is engaged, the ejection channel 20 is in its extended, brought in position shown in Figure 4. In the this condition from the weapon with reference to the turret sleeves ejected to the rear are replaced by the Ejection channel 20 deflected such that it essentially Exit vertically upwards.

Wie Figur 4 zeigt, ist die Sicht für die Zieloptik 16 in. keiner Stellung der Waffe 11 durch den Auswurfkanal 20 behindert, da die Segmente nicht über die Oberkante des Turmes vorstehen.As FIG. 4 shows, the view for the target optics 16 is in. no position of the weapon 11 through the discharge channel 20 hindered because the segments do not over the top of the Tower.

Claims (17)

  1. Turret for a preferably armoured wheel-mounted or tracked vehicle, with a weapon (11) and a magazine (12) from which the weapon can be supplied with ammunition, the magazine (12) in the turret (10) being positioned laterally alongside the weapon (11) and substantially at the same height and the ammunition (13) is received in the magazine (12) in a substantially vertical orientation and during supply to the weapon (11) can be brought into alignment therewith, characterized in that the ammunition of the weapon is supplied in belt form and the belted ammunition (13) is spirally wound in the magazine (12), the ammunition belt (19) passing freely to the weapon (11) from the magazine (12) without any guidance means.
  2. Turret according to claim 1, characterized in that a magazine (12) is located on both sides of the weapon (11).
  3. Turret according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the magazine (12) has a rotary base plate (12b) with a central column (12a), a braking mechanism being associated with the base plate (12b).
  4. Turret according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that during the supply of the weapon (11), the ammunition belt (19) is rotated from a substantially vertical orientation into a substantially horizontal orientation.
  5. Turret according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the magazine (12) is downwardly inclined in the outlet direction of the ammunition belt (19).
  6. Turret according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ammunition belt (19) is fixed in the weapon (11) and can be delivered by the latter.
  7. Turret according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a guide pulley (14) is positioned close to the outlet of the magazine (12).
  8. Turret according to one of the claims 1 to 7, in which the ammunition belt comprises several interengaging belt links, characterized by a separating device (17) by means of which the belt links can be separated following the removal of the ammunition (13) and discharge from the weapon (11).
  9. Turret according to claim 8, characterized in that the separating device (17) is fitted to the weapon (11).
  10. Turret according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the separating device has a guide surface (17) by means of which the in each case outer belt link. can be pivoted relative to the following belt link and consequently disengaged.
  11. Turret according to claim 10, characterized in that the guide surface (17) is curved in upwardly concave manner.
  12. Turret according to one of the claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the separating device (17) is followed by a conveying mechanism by means of which the separated belt links can be supplied to a collecting container.
  13. Turret according to one of the claims 1 to 12, in which the empty ammunition cases are preferably ejected upwards out of the weapon, characterized by an ejection channel (20), which in the case of an upwardly inclined weapon (11) forms a guide for the cases (13a) to be ejected so as to ensure a desired ejection direction.
  14. Turret according to claim 13. characterized in that the ejection channel (20) is formed by several segments (21, 22, 23, 24), which are interconnected in an articulated, fan-like manner and are adjustable relative to one another with an upwardly directed inclination of the weapon.
  15. Turret according to one of the claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the turret casing has a pressure-stable base plate defining the turret with respect to the vehicle interior located below it.
  16. Turret according to claim 15, characterized in that the magazines are shielded by means of a pressure-stable bulkhead (27) from an operator area (28) of the turret and the vehicle interior.
  17. Turret according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that at least one easily depositable and blow-off plate is provided above the magazines (12) on the top of the turret.
EP96111474A 1995-07-21 1996-07-17 Turret for a wheeled or tracked vehicle Expired - Lifetime EP0754926B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19526664A DE19526664A1 (en) 1995-07-21 1995-07-21 Tower for a wheeled or tracked vehicle
DE19526664 1995-07-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0754926A2 EP0754926A2 (en) 1997-01-22
EP0754926A3 EP0754926A3 (en) 2001-12-19
EP0754926B1 true EP0754926B1 (en) 2004-01-14

Family

ID=7767430

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96111474A Expired - Lifetime EP0754926B1 (en) 1995-07-21 1996-07-17 Turret for a wheeled or tracked vehicle

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US5684265A (en)
EP (1) EP0754926B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE257940T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2181630A1 (en)
DE (2) DE19526664A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2211924T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2181630A1 (en) 1997-01-22
US5684265A (en) 1997-11-04
ES2211924T3 (en) 2004-07-16
DE19526664A1 (en) 1997-01-23
EP0754926A3 (en) 2001-12-19
ATE257940T1 (en) 2004-01-15
DE59610891D1 (en) 2004-02-19
EP0754926A2 (en) 1997-01-22

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