EP0752572B1 - Gefechtskopf mit Hohlladung und mit einem solchem Gefechtskopf versehene Munition - Google Patents

Gefechtskopf mit Hohlladung und mit einem solchem Gefechtskopf versehene Munition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0752572B1
EP0752572B1 EP96401342A EP96401342A EP0752572B1 EP 0752572 B1 EP0752572 B1 EP 0752572B1 EP 96401342 A EP96401342 A EP 96401342A EP 96401342 A EP96401342 A EP 96401342A EP 0752572 B1 EP0752572 B1 EP 0752572B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
envelope
axis
charge
shaped
liner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96401342A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0752572A1 (de
Inventor
Alain Kerdraon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP0752572A1 publication Critical patent/EP0752572A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0752572B1 publication Critical patent/EP0752572B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/14—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge the symmetry axis of the hollow charge forming an angle with the longitudinal axis of the projectile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/028—Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the form of the liner

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of heads dependent military trained for ammunition.
  • the coating deforms to form a core which is projected at a speed of the order of 2200 m / s towards a target.
  • Armored targets are more particularly vulnerable in their upper parts, why we are trying to define ammunition with formed charge whose direction of action is substantially vertical.
  • a munition such as a rocket or a missile, which acts over the objective and which comprises a military head whose axis of action is substantially normal to the axis of the ammunition (which is also the direction of theft of ammunition).
  • the military head having a direction of action substantially normal to the axis of the ammunition, it is not possible to give it a diameter greater than 90% of that ammunition.
  • the military head generally having a cylindrical shell, when a diameter is chosen, the height of the military head is also limited by the diameter of the ammunition, and the height of the head the smaller the diameter chosen will be bigger.
  • the splinters distributed in several directions regularly distributed radials they cannot all hit a target.
  • the invention proposes a military head which can be placed in ammunition having a direction action substantially normal to the axis of the ammunition, head military with a mass load greater than that of known heads and therefore having a higher efficiency.
  • One of the main advantages of the invention is that, for a given caliber of ammunition, you hardly find yourself not limited by this caliber to define a military head effective and having a direction of action which is substantially normal to the axis of the ammunition.
  • the subject of the invention is a military head with formed charge comprising initiating means and a explosive charge placed inside an envelope substantially cylindrical having an axis of revolution, the explosive charge being in contact with a coating intended to be set in motion by the detonation of the explosive charge in direction of action substantially perpendicular to the axis of revolution of the envelope, military head characterized in that the means priming are arranged in the vicinity of the envelope cylindrical, priming means and coating being located on either side of a median plane containing the axis of envelope revolution.
  • the coating has a convexity directed towards the axis of the envelope. He will be able to in particular present a double convexity, a first convexity in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the envelope and a second convexity in a plane passing through the axis of the envelope.
  • the coating has a concavity directed towards the axis of the envelope.
  • the coating will advantageously include a flat face.
  • the coating may be delimited by surfaces with straight generators which are parallel to the axis of the envelope.
  • the coating has a concave face oriented towards the outside of the military head, this face having a double concavity, a first concavity in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the envelope and a second concavity in a passing plane by the axis of the envelope.
  • the coating can be made of a chosen material in the following list: Iron, Copper, Tantalum, Nickel.
  • the envelope can advantageously be made in composite material.
  • the invention also relates to ammunition comprising such a military head and characterized in that that it has an axis which materializes its flight direction and in that the axis of the military head envelope is substantially parallel or coincident with the axis of the ammunition.
  • a known munition 1 for example a rocket
  • a military head 2 whose axis of action 3 is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 4 of the munition.
  • the military head known has a cylindrical envelope whose axis is confused with direction of action 3, envelope to inside which an explosive charge is placed 5 which is intended to set in motion a coating 6.
  • the explosive charge 5 is initiated by an initiating means 7 whose operation is controlled by a rocket 8 of the ammunition.
  • the rocket will be a rocket of known technology, for example a radar and / or infrared proximity rocket which will detect the overflight of a target (not shown) by the ammunition 1.
  • Such a known munition sees its limited effectiveness by the small amount of explosive that it is possible to give to the military head, the dimensions of it being limited by the diameter of the body of the ammunition.
  • FIG. 2 represents a munition 1 according to the invention which differs from the previous one by the particular structure of the military head 2.
  • the military head according to the invention always has a direction of action 3 substantially perpendicular to the axis longitudinal 4 of the ammunition (which materializes the direction theft thereof).
  • the envelope that contains the load explosive 5 no longer has a cylindrical shape, an axis confused with direction of action 3, but on the contrary a cylindrical shape with an axis coincident (or parallel) with axis 4 of the ammunition.
  • Figures 3a and 3b show in more detail a first embodiment of a military head according to the invention.
  • Military head 2 includes a cylindrical casing 9 made for example of composite material (wound filamentary).
  • This envelope has its axis substantially coincides with the longitudinal axis 4 of the munition.
  • the envelope 9 is closed at each end by plugs 10a, 10b (plastic or alloy aluminum), plugs which are made integral with the envelope 9 for example by gluing.
  • Envelope 9 contains an explosive charge 5 comprising a cap concave to which a coating 6 is applied, loading which is intended to be initiated by means priming 7.
  • the priming means comprise a detonator 15 as well as a plane wave generator (11a, 12,11b).
  • the priming means 7 are arranged in the vicinity of the cylindrical casing 9 of the military head and of the other side of axis 4 thereof relative to the coating 6.
  • This arrangement of the priming means allows to orient the detonation wave which is intended to put forms the covering in a generally direction radial through the entire explosive charge.
  • the plane wave generator comprises, in a way known, a donor explosive 11a, a recipient explosive 11b and a projected plate 12.
  • the receiving explosive comprises a concave receiving surface 14 arranged opposite the plate 12.
  • the detonator 15 is disposed substantially in the middle of the height of the envelope 9 and its direction of action is confused with the direction of action 3 desired for the military head. It initiates the donor explosive 11a which causes the projection of the plate 12 into the cavity 13. The recipient explosive 11b is initiated by the impact of the plate 12.
  • the geometry of the receiving surface 14, the detonic characteristics of the donor explosives and receiver, as well as the mass and the material of the plate 12 are chosen by a person skilled in the art from a such that the detonation wave that propagates in the explosive charge 5 is flat, parallel to axis 4 of the envelope and perpendicular to the direction of action 3.
  • the coating 6 has its convexity directed towards axis 4 of the envelope.
  • the coating 6 has a double convexity, a first convexity in a plane perpendicular to the axis 4 of the envelope and a second convexity in a plane passing through the axis of the envelope and containing the direction action 3.
  • the covering 6 is delimited by surfaces such as, when cut by planes perpendicular to the axis envelope 4 (or by planes parallel to the plane containing the axis of the envelope and the direction of action 3) it has a section such that the convexity of the coating is oriented towards the axis of the envelope 4.
  • the first family of curves is that defined by the planes perpendicular to axis 4 of the envelope.
  • the second family of curves is defined by the plans parallel to the plane containing the axis of the envelope and the direction of action 3.
  • Figure 3b shows the traces X and Z sections of the covering 6 corresponding to the two planes of section XX and ZZ identified in Figure 3a.
  • Figure 3a also shows the corresponding Y curve at the rim 6a of the covering 6 in contact with the casing 9.
  • the shape of the receiving surface 14 of the plane wave generator has a geometric definition similar to that of coating 6. It is a surface having a double concavity: a first concavity in a plane perpendicular to the axis 4 of the envelope and a second concavity in a plane containing axis 4 of the envelope and the direction of action 3.
  • the thickness of the coating will preferably be chosen increasing between its peripheral edge 6a in contact with envelope 9 and its middle part (located at the intersection coating and direction of action 3).
  • the explosive charge 5 causes the deformation of the coating 6 which destroys the envelope wall 9.
  • the deformation mode of the coating is analogous to the one encountered for the core generating charges presenting a symmetry of revolution around their direction of action.
  • the coating thus forms an elongated core whose front consists of the middle part of the covering and the rear by the edge of the covering. This nucleus is projected towards a target at a speed of the order of 2000 m / s.
  • the different components will be obtained by machining using controlled machines parameters which will have received by programming the parameters different surfaces to be executed.
  • the explosive charge and the various components of the plane wave generator we then realize bonding the plane wave generator, the coating and loading, then we place the assembly at inside the cylindrical casing 9.
  • the plugs closure 10a and 10b are fixed last, as well as the detonator 15.
  • Such a load has a power similar to that of a core generating charge which is axis cylindrical confused with the direction of action and diameter 130 to 140mm. However, this last charge cannot be implemented. place in the envisaged ammunition which cannot receive than a cylindrical load of 80mm maximum diameter.
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to equip a given munition with a military head having an increased power of almost 100%.
  • Figures 4a and 4b show a second mode of production of a military head according to the invention.
  • Military head 2 again includes an envelope cylindrical 9 made for example of composite material and whose axis is substantially coincident with the axis longitudinal 4 of the ammunition.
  • the envelope 9 is closed at each end by plugs 10a, 10b which are made integral with the envelope for example by gluing.
  • the priming means include a detonator 15 as well as a plane wave generator (11a, 12,11b).
  • This embodiment differs from the previous one in that the coating 6 is disposed against the envelope 9, and its concavity is directed towards axis 4 of the envelope.
  • This covering is delimited by generator surfaces straight lines that are parallel to the axis of the envelope it is therefore easier to manufacture than the coating previously described with reference to Figures 3a, 3b.
  • the outer surface of the coating 6 is located here applied against the inner surface of the envelope, we thus improves the mechanical strength of the military head and the envelope protects the coating.
  • the thickness of the coating is again chosen increasing between its rectilinear edges 6a, 6b and its part median (located at the intersection of the coating and the direction of action 3).
  • This military head is equipped with a wave generator plane which has the same structure as that described above with reference to Figures 3a, 3b.
  • the initiation of the explosive charge 5 will cause the deformation of the coating 6 which destroys the wall of the envelope 9; the lateral edges 6a and 6b of the covering are projected along directions 16a and 16b and are substantially join at the level of a plan defined by axis 4 and direction 3, and in front of the part central coating.
  • the coating thus forms an elongated core "in the form of corner or ax iron "which is projected towards a target at a speed of the order of 2000m / s.
  • the wedge-shaped core it generates has a certain width (of the order of the length of envelope) and its aerodynamic stability is lower. The distance of action of this military head is therefore reduced.
  • the military head according to the first mode of realization allows on the other hand to generate a nucleus whose geometry is more compact and closer that of a bar (width or radial dimension less than the length of the envelope 9), its stability in flight is therefore better and the shot can be made at more great distances from the target.
  • Figures 5a and 5b show a third mode of production of a military head according to the invention.
  • the priming means 7 again include a plane wave generator (11a, 12,11b).
  • This mode differs from the previous one by the shape of the coating 6 which here has a flat face 6p in contact with the explosive.
  • the advantage of such a variant is that it simplifies machining of the explosive and coating.
  • the coating is attached to the explosive by gluing.
  • the thickness of the coating is again chosen growing between its straight edges 6a 6b and its part median (located at the intersection of the coating and the direction of action 3). The thickness is also increasing between edges 6c and 6d in contact with the plugs end 10a, 10b and the middle part of the coating.
  • the coating has a flat face (6p) and a 6th side with double convexity: convexity in a plane perpendicular to the axis 4 of the envelope and a second convexity in a plane passing through axis 4 of the envelope and containing the direction of action 3.
  • the coating When initiating the explosive charge 5, the coating deforms analogously to that of coating of Figures 4a, 4b.
  • the lateral edges 6a and 6b of the coating are projected along directions 16a and 16b and meet substantially at the level of a plane defined by axis 4 and direction 3 and in front of the central part of the covering.
  • the coating thus forms an elongated core "in the form of corner or ax iron "which is projected towards a target at a speed of the order of 2000m / s.
  • FIGS 6a and 6b partially show a variant of this embodiment in which it is the biconvex side 6e which is in contact with the explosive 5.
  • Figures 7a and 7b show a fourth mode of production of a military head according to the invention.
  • the priming means 7 again include a plane wave generator (11a, 12,11b) and will not be described in more detail.
  • the coating 6 has a flat face 6p in contact with the load explosive 5, which simplifies machining.
  • the other side of the coating has a 6th concave surface whose concavity is oriented towards the outside of the head military 1.
  • This surface has a double concavity. It presents a first concavity in a plane perpendicular to axis 4 of the envelope and a second concavity in a plane passing through the axis of the envelope.
  • the covering 6 is delimited here by surfaces such as when cut by planes perpendicular to the axis of the envelope 4 (or well by planes parallel to the plane containing the axis of the envelope and the direction of action 3) it presents a section such that the concavity of the 6th face is oriented towards the outside of the envelope 4.
  • the first family of curves is that defined by the planes perpendicular to axis 4 of the envelope.
  • the second family of curves is defined by the plans parallel to the plane containing the axis of the envelope and the direction of action 3.
  • Figure 7b shows the traces X and Z sections of the covering 6 corresponding to the two planes of section XX and ZZ identified in FIG. 7a.
  • Figure 7a also shows the corresponding Y curve at the rim 6a of the covering 6 in contact with the casing 9.
  • the coating 6 has a thickness which decreases from its most periphery away from the direction of action towards a central part closest to the direction of action.
  • This military head therefore makes it possible to generate a elongated projectile whose configuration approximates that of a hollow charge jet.
  • This jet has a part forward (jet head) with a speed between 2500 m / s and 3500 m / s (formed by the central part of the coating) and followed by a slower core (1500 to 2500 m / s) formed by the peripheral part of the covering.
  • this head military has piercing capabilities that are greater than those of the preceding embodiments. However it should only be initiated at a distance reduced from the target (less than 100 times the diameter of the military head).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Gefechtskopf (2) mit zusammengesetzter Ladung zum Inhalt, der Zündmittel (7) und eine Sprengladung (5) enthält, die im Inneren eines zylindrischen Gehäuses (9) mit Drehachse (4) angebracht ist, wobei die Sprengladung in Kontakt mit einem Mantel (6) ist, der dazu dient, durch die Zündung der Sprengladung (5) einer Aktionsrichtung (3) folgend, die senkrecht zur Drehachse (4) des Gehäuses (9) verläuft, in Bewegung gesetzt zu werden, eine Gefechtskopf, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Zündmittel (7) in der Nähe des zylindrischen Gehäuses (9) angebracht sind, wobei Zündmittel (7) und Mantel (6) beidseitig einer Mittelebene liegen, die die Drehachse (4) des Gehäuses bildet.
  2. Gefechtskopf nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mantel (6) zur Gehäuseachse (4) hin konvex ist.
  3. Gefechtskopf nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mantel (6) doppelt konvex ist, zum einen senkrecht zur Gehäuseachse (9) (4) und zum anderen auf einer Ebene, die entlang der Gehäuseachse (4) verläuft.
  4. Gefechtskopf nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mantel (6) konkav zur Gehäuseachse (4) hin ausgerichtet ist.
  5. Gefechtskopf nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mantel (6) eine abgeflachte Seite (6p) hat.
  6. Gefechtskopf nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mantel (6) durch gerade verlaufende Mantelflächen begrenzt ist, die parallel zur Gehäuseachse (4) liegen.
  7. Gefechtskopf nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mantel (6) eine konkave Fläche (6e) besitzt, die sich zum Äußeren des Gefechtskopfes (2) richtet, wobei diese Fläche doppelt konkav ist, einmal senkrecht zur Gehäuseachse (4) und einmal auf einer Ebene, die entlang der Gehäuseachse (4) verläuft.
  8. Gefechtskopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke des Mantels (6) von seiner der Aktionsrichtung (3) entferntesten äußeren Linie zum der Aktionsrichtung (3) am nächsten liegenden Mittelteil hin zunimmt.
  9. Gefechtskopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zündmittel (7) einen ebenen Flachwellengenerator durch Plattenprojektion enthalten.
  10. Gefechtskopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mantel aus folgenden Materialien ist: Eisen, Kupfer, Tantal, Nickel.
  11. Gefechtskopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse (9) aus einem Verbundwerkstoff hergestellt ist.
  12. Munition (1), das einen Gefechtskopf (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß seine Achse die Flugrichtung bestimmt und die Gehäuseachse (4) des Gefechtskopfes parallel zur Achse der Munition (1) verläuft oder mit ihr zusammenfällt.
EP96401342A 1995-07-07 1996-06-20 Gefechtskopf mit Hohlladung und mit einem solchem Gefechtskopf versehene Munition Expired - Lifetime EP0752572B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9508246A FR2736424B1 (fr) 1995-07-07 1995-07-07 Tete militaire a charge formee
FR9508246 1995-07-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0752572A1 EP0752572A1 (de) 1997-01-08
EP0752572B1 true EP0752572B1 (de) 2000-07-12

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96401342A Expired - Lifetime EP0752572B1 (de) 1995-07-07 1996-06-20 Gefechtskopf mit Hohlladung und mit einem solchem Gefechtskopf versehene Munition

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5801323A (de)
EP (1) EP0752572B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69609252T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2149436T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2736424B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2771166B1 (fr) * 1997-11-20 1999-12-17 Giat Ind Sa Projectile ayant une direction d'action radiale
FR2848657B1 (fr) * 2002-12-13 2005-01-28 Tda Armements Sas Charge generatrice de noyau
US7921775B1 (en) 2006-08-29 2011-04-12 Raytheon Company Warhead booster explosive lens
IL222989A (en) * 2012-11-12 2016-02-29 Israel Aerospace Ind Ltd Combat head
DE102014019202A1 (de) 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Geschoss
DE102019001597B3 (de) 2019-03-07 2020-07-30 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH Wirksystem für einen Flugkörper

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US397527A (en) * 1889-02-12 Steam or hot-water radiator
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FR2406800A1 (fr) * 1977-10-18 1979-05-18 Aerospatiale Missile d'attaque en survol
US4297946A (en) * 1978-12-05 1981-11-03 Paton Boris E Extended shaped charge and method of making same
FR2514123B1 (fr) * 1981-10-01 1987-01-16 Serat Perfectionnements apportes aux charges militaires agissant contre des cibles en vol ou au sol
FR2672380B1 (fr) * 1983-08-18 1993-12-31 Commissariat A Energie Atomique Charge formee a hautes performances.
DE3336853A1 (de) * 1983-10-11 1985-04-25 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Mehrzweckgefechtskopf
DE3531412A1 (de) * 1985-09-03 1987-03-12 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Hohlladung
FR2590973B1 (fr) * 1985-11-29 1988-02-12 France Etat Armement Dispositif de basculement de projectile sur trajectoire
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USH1504H (en) * 1995-02-21 1995-12-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Anti-armor warhead assembly
US5524546A (en) * 1995-06-30 1996-06-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Breeching device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69609252T2 (de) 2001-02-08
FR2736424B1 (fr) 1997-08-08
DE69609252D1 (de) 2000-08-17
FR2736424A1 (fr) 1997-01-10
EP0752572A1 (de) 1997-01-08
US5801323A (en) 1998-09-01
ES2149436T3 (es) 2000-11-01

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