EP0741646A1 - Rubber-sprung rail-vehicle wheel - Google Patents
Rubber-sprung rail-vehicle wheelInfo
- Publication number
- EP0741646A1 EP0741646A1 EP95904424A EP95904424A EP0741646A1 EP 0741646 A1 EP0741646 A1 EP 0741646A1 EP 95904424 A EP95904424 A EP 95904424A EP 95904424 A EP95904424 A EP 95904424A EP 0741646 A1 EP0741646 A1 EP 0741646A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wheel
- rail
- rubber
- contact surfaces
- tire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B17/00—Wheels characterised by rail-engaging elements
- B60B17/0027—Resilient wheels, e.g. resilient hubs
- B60B17/0031—Resilient wheels, e.g. resilient hubs using springs
- B60B17/0034—Resilient wheels, e.g. resilient hubs using springs of rubber or other non-metallic material
- B60B17/0048—Resilient wheels, e.g. resilient hubs using springs of rubber or other non-metallic material pair of elements arranged in V-form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B17/00—Wheels characterised by rail-engaging elements
- B60B17/0027—Resilient wheels, e.g. resilient hubs
- B60B17/0031—Resilient wheels, e.g. resilient hubs using springs
- B60B17/0034—Resilient wheels, e.g. resilient hubs using springs of rubber or other non-metallic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B17/00—Wheels characterised by rail-engaging elements
- B60B17/0027—Resilient wheels, e.g. resilient hubs
- B60B17/0031—Resilient wheels, e.g. resilient hubs using springs
- B60B17/0034—Resilient wheels, e.g. resilient hubs using springs of rubber or other non-metallic material
- B60B17/0041—Resilient wheels, e.g. resilient hubs using springs of rubber or other non-metallic material of substantially rectangular cross section
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rail wheel consisting of a wheel body and wheel tires with rubber-elastic elements which lie on both sides of the wheel center plane in overlapping bearing surfaces of the wheel body and of the wheel tire and are under prestress between the contact surfaces and limit the axial and radial movement between the wheel tire and wheel body.
- the rubber-elastic elements are subjected to pressure in the rail area in the event of an axle load, while the rubber-elastic elements are relieved in the zenith area.
- another known rail wheel (DE 33 28 321 B) with overlapping parts lying parallel to one another and parallel to the wheel plane, which are connected by intermediate rubber washers, the rubber washers are only subjected to thrust under axle load.
- an overlap which has approximately V-shaped annular spaces for the rubber washers or a number of rubber bodies distributed on the corresponding pitch circles on both sides of the wheel plane, deflection of the rail wheel under load leads to a shear load and to a compression of the rubber bodies.
- the V-shape can be formed by two separate, correspondingly arranged conical rubber washers on both sides of the wheel plane, rows of rubber bodies arranged obliquely to each other or by a total of V-shaped rubber rings or V-shaped rubber bodies.
- the object of the invention is to further refine the generic rubber-sprung rail wheels with regard to the driving comfort they offer, and also to improve the sound radiation behavior in the sense of minimizing noise in the rail-wheel contact area.
- This object is achieved in that the surface normals of the contact surfaces with a component are directed to the wheel axle in such a way that under an axle load the rubber-elastic elements in the zenith area of the rail wheel are compressed beyond the preload and are relieved in the rail area of the rail wheel.
- the deflection behavior is opposite to that of conventional rail wheels.
- the rubber-elastic elements are somewhat relaxed under axle load and therefore relatively soft, so that the rail wheel has a new, less radiation-producing behavior and less screeching noises when cornering.
- the axially soft wheel-rail contact area can also better absorb side impacts, which improves driving comfort.
- the "hanging" rail wheel according to the invention leaves it with more degrees of flexibility. The vibration excitation is reduced.
- the principle of the solution according to the invention can be realized in that the contact surfaces of one annular space are mirror images of those of the other annular space with respect to the wheel center plane and have the shape of truncated cones.
- the term "truncated cone jacket” is also understood to mean a jacket with a generatrix that is not straight but curved. In any case, an embodiment is conceivable in which the imaginary tips of the truncated cone shells are directed away from or towards one another.
- the contact surfaces assigned to the same annular space are preferably parallel to one another.
- the generatrices of the truncated cone shells can lie on the parallels of an outer and an inner rhombus, one diagonal of which coincides with the wheel axis and is shorter than the other.
- an outer contact surface of the contact surfaces should be formed on a ring that can be attached to the wheel body or tire.
- a further axial annular space can be provided between the wheel body and the wheel tire, in which a radially acting elastic stop with radial play is located.
- 1 is a rail wheel with a one-piece wheel tire in axial cross section
- 2 shows a rail wheel in an embodiment modified from FIG. 1 in the axial half cross section
- FIG. 3 shows a rail wheel with a two-part wheel tire in axial cross section
- FIG. 4 shows the rail wheel according to FIG. 1 in axial cross section with diamonds lying one inside the other as geometric locations for contact surfaces for rubber-elastic elements
- FIG. 5 shows a rail wheel with an embodiment modified from FIG. 1 in the axial half cross section
- FIG. 6 shows a rail wheel in a further embodiment modified from FIG. 1 in the axial half cross section
- Fig. 7 is a rail wheel in a modified version of FIG. 6 in the axial half cross section and
- Fig. 8 is a rail wheel in a modified version of FIGS. 1-7 in the axial half cross section.
- the rail wheel shown in FIG. 1 consists of a wheel body 1 and a one-piece wheel tire 2 as well as rubber-elastic elements 3 inserted between wheel body 1 and wheel tire 2 under pretension.
- the wheel body 1 further comprises a rim 6 with a rim shoulder 7 and a rim shoulder 8 designed as a ring which can be screwed onto the rim 6 by means of bolts 9.
- the rim shoulders 7, 8 form between there is a groove 10 in which two hard rubber rings form an inner elastic stop 11 at maximum deflection.
- the wheel tire 2 has an annular web 12 with a dovetail cross section on the inside. This web 12 overlaps with the rim shoulders 7, 8 in the radial direction.
- the rubber-elastic elements 3 lie on both sides of the wheel center plane 13 in annular spaces which are delimited by contact surfaces 15, 16 and contact surfaces 7a, 8a of the rim shoulders 7, 8 formed on the web 12.
- the contact surfaces 7a, 8a, 15, 16 lie on the mantles of truncated cones, the generatrices of which also form the parallels of an outer and inner rhombus with corner points A, B, C, D or E, F, G, H have.
- the position of the paired contact surfaces 7a, 15 and 8a, 16 is a mirror image of the wheel center plane 13. Their inclination is determined by the fact that the diagonal coinciding with the wheel axis 5 is smaller with the corner points B-D and F-H The axial and radial stiffness of the wheel can be determined as the other diagonal with the corner points A - C and E - G. via the inclination of the contact surfaces 7a, 8a, 15, 16.
- Fig. 2 differs from that of Fig. 1 in that the contact surfaces 7a, 8a, 15, 16 have no straight generatrix, but curved generatrix, i.e. are crowned.
- FIG. 3 differs from that of FIG. 1 only in that the wheel tire 2 consists of inner and outer rings 19, 20 shrunk onto one another.
- the embodiment of FIG. 5 differs from the embodiments of FIGS. 1-4 primarily in that a groove 14 formed between annular shoulders 21, 22 is located on the inner edge of the wheel tire and a web 23 overlapping with the annular shoulders 21, 22 on the wheel body 1 is trained.
- the corresponding contact surfaces 7a *, 8a *, 15 *, 16 * are the reverse of those of the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 1-4.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 differ from that of FIG. 1 in that several similar annular spaces with prestressed rubber-elastic elements are arranged one behind the other in the radial direction. With this configuration, a small axial width of the wheel with improved radial and axial spring properties is achieved.
- FIG. 8 differs from all of the foregoing primarily in that the contact surfaces 7a **, 8a **, 15 **, 16 ** for the rubber-elastic elements 3 * are not inclined to the wheel axis 5, but rather parallel or lie vertically. Despite this other geometrical design, the principle of the invention is also observed here that the normals of the coaxial contact surfaces 7a **, 8a **, 15 **, 16 ** are directed towards the wheel axle 5, such that the rubber-elastic elements 3 are applied when the axle is under load * In the zenith area Z, additional pressure loads and in the rail area S, pressure relief.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns a rail-vehicle wheel with rubber shock-absorbing elements, the wheel consisting of a main body (1), a rim (2) and elastic rubber elements (3) fitted under pre-tension in annular spaces between the main body (1) and the rim (2). The spaces are delimited in such a way by support surfaces (7a, 8a, 15, 16) for the rubber elements (3), and the support surfaces oriented in such a way, that the rubber elements (3), when subjected to a load by the axle, are compressed beyond the existing pre-tension in the region of the wheel near the vertex (Z) and are relieved of tension in the region (S) near the rail.
Description
Gummigefedertes SchienenradRubber-sprung rail wheel
Die Erfindung betrifft ein aus Radkörper und Radreifen bestehendes Schienenrad mit gummielastischen Elementen, die beidseits der Radmittelebene in von einander überlappenden Anlageflächen des Radkörpers und des Radreifens begrenzten Ringräumen unter Vorspannung zwischen den Anlageflächen liegen und die axiale und radiale Bewegung zwischen Radreifen und Radkörper begrenzen.The invention relates to a rail wheel consisting of a wheel body and wheel tires with rubber-elastic elements which lie on both sides of the wheel center plane in overlapping bearing surfaces of the wheel body and of the wheel tire and are under prestress between the contact surfaces and limit the axial and radial movement between the wheel tire and wheel body.
Bei einem bekannten Schienenrad der eingangs genannten Art (DE 24 06 206 C3) ragt in eine im Querschnitt U-förmige äußere Nut des Radkörpers der Radreifen mit einem Steg hinein, so daß beidseits der Radmittelebene Ringräume für die gummielastischen Elemente gebildet sind. Diese Ringräume werden jeweils von zwei zylindrischen Anlageflächen des Radkörpers und des Radreifens einer radialen Anlagefläche des Radkörpers und einer zur Radmittelebene geneigten Anlagefläche des Steges des Radreifens begrenzt. Die gummielastischen Elemente liegen in diesen Ringräumen an allen Seiten in Anlage an den Anlageflächen. Bei einem solchen Schienenrad werden aufgrund dieser Gestaltung die gummielastischen Elemente bei Achslast im Schienenbereich im wesentlichen auf Druck belastet, während im Zenitbereich eine Entlastung der gummielastischen Elemente eintritt.
Bei einem anderen bekannten Schienenrad (DE 33 28 321 B) mit parallel zueinander und parallel zur Radebene liegenden überlappenden Teilen, die durch dazwischenliegende Gummischeiben verbunden sind, werden bei Achslast die Gummischeiben nur auf Schub beansprucht. Bei einer Überlappung, die etwa V-förmige Ringräume für die Gummischeiben oder eine Anzahl auf den entsprechenden Teilkreisen verteilte Gummikörper beidseits der Radebene aufweist, führt ein Einfedern des Schienenrades unter Last zu einer Schubbelastung und zu einer Komprimierung der Gummikörper. Die V-Form kann dabei durch zwei getrennte, entsprechend zueinander beidseits der Radebene angeordnete konische Gummischeiben, schräg zueinander angeordnete Gummikörperreihen oder über insgesamt V-förmig gestaltete Gummiringe oder V-förmig gestaltete Gummikörper gebildet sein.In a known rail wheel of the type mentioned (DE 24 06 206 C3) protrudes into a cross-sectionally U-shaped outer groove of the wheel body of the wheel tire with a web, so that annular spaces are formed on both sides of the wheel center plane for the rubber-elastic elements. These annular spaces are each delimited by two cylindrical contact surfaces of the wheel body and the wheel tire, a radial contact surface of the wheel body and a contact surface of the web of the wheel tire inclined to the wheel center plane. The rubber-elastic elements are in contact with the contact surfaces on all sides in these annular spaces. With such a rail wheel, due to this design, the rubber-elastic elements are subjected to pressure in the rail area in the event of an axle load, while the rubber-elastic elements are relieved in the zenith area. In another known rail wheel (DE 33 28 321 B) with overlapping parts lying parallel to one another and parallel to the wheel plane, which are connected by intermediate rubber washers, the rubber washers are only subjected to thrust under axle load. In the case of an overlap, which has approximately V-shaped annular spaces for the rubber washers or a number of rubber bodies distributed on the corresponding pitch circles on both sides of the wheel plane, deflection of the rail wheel under load leads to a shear load and to a compression of the rubber bodies. The V-shape can be formed by two separate, correspondingly arranged conical rubber washers on both sides of the wheel plane, rows of rubber bodies arranged obliquely to each other or by a total of V-shaped rubber rings or V-shaped rubber bodies.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die gattungsgemäßen gummigefederten Schienenräder bezüglich des Fahrkomforts, den sie bieten, noch weiter zu verfeinern, wie auch das Schallabstrahlverhalten im Sinne einer möglichst geringen Geräuschentwicklung im Kontaktbereich Schiene - Rad zu verbessern.The object of the invention is to further refine the generic rubber-sprung rail wheels with regard to the driving comfort they offer, and also to improve the sound radiation behavior in the sense of minimizing noise in the rail-wheel contact area.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Flächennormalen der Anlageflächen mit einer Komponenten auf die Radachse derart gerichtet sind, daß unter einer Achslast die gummielastischen Elemente im Zenitbereich des Schienenrades über die Vorspanung hinaus komprimiert und im Schienenbereich des Schienenrades entlastet sind.This object is achieved in that the surface normals of the contact surfaces with a component are directed to the wheel axle in such a way that under an axle load the rubber-elastic elements in the zenith area of the rail wheel are compressed beyond the preload and are relieved in the rail area of the rail wheel.
Beim Einfedern eines herkömmlichen gummigefederten Schienenrades der eingangs genannten Art werden dagegen die gummielastischen Elemente im Schienenbereich des Rades komprimiert und im Zenitbereich des Rades entlastet. Der
auf den gummielastischen Elementen im Schienenbereich lastende Druck macht diese durch die Einfederung relativ steif und behindert jedenfalls die Schallabstrahlung im Berührungsbereich Rad - Schiene nicht. Das konventionelle Schienenrad ist also im Aufstandspunkt hart mit geringer axialer Einstellbarkeit.In contrast, when a conventional rubber-sprung rail wheel of the type mentioned is deflected, the rubber-elastic elements in the rail region of the wheel are compressed and relieved in the zenith region of the wheel. The Pressure exerted on the rubber-elastic elements in the rail area makes them relatively stiff due to the spring deflection and in any case does not hinder the sound radiation in the wheel-rail contact area. The conventional rail wheel is therefore hard at the contact point with little axial adjustability.
Beim erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Schienenrad ist das Einfederungsverhalten den konventionellen Schienenrädern gegenüber entgegengesetzt. Gerade im Kontaktbereich Rad - Schiene sind die gummielastischen Elemente bei Achslast etwas entspannt und deshalb relativ weich, so daß sich für das Schienenrad ein neues, eine geringere Abstrahlung von Schall bewirkendes Verhalten ergibt und bei Kurvenfahrten weniger Kreischgeräusche entstehen. Bei Kurvenfahrten, insbesondere bei engen Kurven von Straßenbahnen, vermag der axial weiche Rad-Schiene-Kontaktbereich auch seitliche Stöße besser aufzufangen, wodurch sich der Fahrkomfort verbessert. Insgesamt läßt das erfindungsgemäß "hängende" Schienenrad demselben mehr Feiheitsgrade. Die Schwingungsanregung ist reduziert.In the rail wheel designed according to the invention, the deflection behavior is opposite to that of conventional rail wheels. Especially in the wheel-rail contact area, the rubber-elastic elements are somewhat relaxed under axle load and therefore relatively soft, so that the rail wheel has a new, less radiation-producing behavior and less screeching noises when cornering. When cornering, especially when cornering trams, the axially soft wheel-rail contact area can also better absorb side impacts, which improves driving comfort. Overall, the "hanging" rail wheel according to the invention leaves it with more degrees of flexibility. The vibration excitation is reduced.
Nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung läßt sich das Prinzip der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung dadurch verwirklichen, daß die Anlageflächen des einen Ringraums zu denen des anderen Ringraums bezogen auf die Radmittelebene spiegelbildlich liegen und die Form von Kegelstumpfmänteln haben. Dabei wird unter "Kegelstumpfmäntel" auch ein Mantel mit einer nicht geraden, sondern gebogenen Erzeugenden verstanden. In jedem Fall ist eine Ausführung denkbar, bei der die gedachten Spitzen der Kegelstumpfmäntel voneinander weg oder aufeinander zugerichtet sind.
Vorzugsweise liegen die demselben Ringraum zugeordneten Anlageflächen einander parallel.According to one embodiment of the invention, the principle of the solution according to the invention can be realized in that the contact surfaces of one annular space are mirror images of those of the other annular space with respect to the wheel center plane and have the shape of truncated cones. The term "truncated cone jacket" is also understood to mean a jacket with a generatrix that is not straight but curved. In any case, an embodiment is conceivable in which the imaginary tips of the truncated cone shells are directed away from or towards one another. The contact surfaces assigned to the same annular space are preferably parallel to one another.
Die Erzeugenden der Kegelstumpfmäntel können auf den Parallelen eines äußeren und eines inneren Rhombus liegen, deren eine mit der Radachse zusammenfallende Diagonale kürzer als die andere ist.The generatrices of the truncated cone shells can lie on the parallels of an outer and an inner rhombus, one diagonal of which coincides with the wheel axis and is shorter than the other.
Um die Montage des Schienenrades zu erleichtern, sollte von den Anlageflächen eine äußere Anlagefläche an einem am Radkörper bzw. Radreifen befestigbaren Ring ausgebildet sein.In order to facilitate the assembly of the rail wheel, an outer contact surface of the contact surfaces should be formed on a ring that can be attached to the wheel body or tire.
Um bei einem radialen Durchfedern des Rades einen metallischen Berührungskontakt zu vermeiden, kann zwischen den Ringräumen ein weiterer axialer Ringraum zwischen dem Radkörper und dem Radreifen vorgesehen sein, in dem ein radial wirkender elastischer Anschlag mit radialem Spiel sitzt.In order to avoid a metallic contact contact in the event of radial spring deflection of the wheel, a further axial annular space can be provided between the wheel body and the wheel tire, in which a radially acting elastic stop with radial play is located.
Um bei einem Schienenrad sowohl große Anlageflcähe zu erhalten, ohne daß das Schienenrad eine zu große axiale Breite erhält, können mehrere gleichartige Ringräume mit darin angeordneten gummielastischen Elementen in verschiedenen radialen Bereichen angeordnet sein. Es ergibt sich dann ein "kaskadenförmiger" Aufbau.In order to obtain both a large contact surface on a rail wheel without the rail wheel being too large in axial width, a plurality of annular spaces of the same type with rubber-elastic elements arranged therein can be arranged in different radial areas. The result is a "cascade" structure.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer Ausführungsbeispiele darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigenThe invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a drawing showing exemplary embodiments. Show in detail
Fig. 1 ein Schienenrad mit einem einstückigen Radreifen im axialen Querschnitt,
Fig. 2 ein Schienenrad in einer zur Fig. 1 abgewandelten Ausführung im axialen Halbquerschnitt,1 is a rail wheel with a one-piece wheel tire in axial cross section, 2 shows a rail wheel in an embodiment modified from FIG. 1 in the axial half cross section,
Fig. 3 ein Schienenrad mit einem zweiteiligen Radreifen im axialen Querschnitt,3 shows a rail wheel with a two-part wheel tire in axial cross section,
Fig. 4 das Schienenrad gemäß Fig. 1 im axialen Querschnitt mit ineinanderliegenden Rhomben als geometrische Orte für Anlageflächen für gummielastische Elemente,4 shows the rail wheel according to FIG. 1 in axial cross section with diamonds lying one inside the other as geometric locations for contact surfaces for rubber-elastic elements,
Fig. 5 ein Schienenrad mit einer zur Fig. 1 abgewandelten Ausführung im axialen Halbquerschnitt,5 shows a rail wheel with an embodiment modified from FIG. 1 in the axial half cross section,
Fig. 6 ein Schienenrad in einer zur Fig. 1 abgewandelten weiteren Ausführung im axialen Halbquerschnitt,6 shows a rail wheel in a further embodiment modified from FIG. 1 in the axial half cross section,
Fig. 7 ein Schienenrad in einer zu Fig. 6 abgewandelten Ausführung im axialen Halbquerschnitt undFig. 7 is a rail wheel in a modified version of FIG. 6 in the axial half cross section and
Fig. 8 ein Schienenrad in einer zu den Fig. 1-7 abgewandelten Ausführung im axialen Halbquerschnitt.Fig. 8 is a rail wheel in a modified version of FIGS. 1-7 in the axial half cross section.
Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Schienenrad besteht aus einem Radkörper 1 und einem einstückigen Radreifen 2 sowie zwischen Radkörper 1 und Radreifen 2 unter Vorspannaung eingesetzten gummielastischen Elementen 3.The rail wheel shown in FIG. 1 consists of a wheel body 1 and a one-piece wheel tire 2 as well as rubber-elastic elements 3 inserted between wheel body 1 and wheel tire 2 under pretension.
Zum Radkörper 1 gehört eine Radnabe 4, in der eine als strichpunktierte Linie angedeutete Radachse 5 sitzt. Der Radkörper 1 umfaßt ferner eine Felge 6 mit einer Felgenschulter 7 und einer als ein mittels Schraubenbolzen 9 an der Felge 6 anschraubarer Ring ausgebildeten Felgenschulter 8. Die Felgenschultern 7, 8 bilden zwischen
sich eine Nut 10, in der zwei bei maximaler Durchfederung einen inneren elastischen Anschlag 11 bildende Hartgummiringe liegen.A wheel hub 4, in which a wheel axle 5 indicated as a dash-dotted line sits, belongs to the wheel body 1. The wheel body 1 further comprises a rim 6 with a rim shoulder 7 and a rim shoulder 8 designed as a ring which can be screwed onto the rim 6 by means of bolts 9. The rim shoulders 7, 8 form between there is a groove 10 in which two hard rubber rings form an inner elastic stop 11 at maximum deflection.
Der Radreifen 2 weist innenseitig einen ringförmigen, im Querschnitt schwalbenschwanzförmigen Steg 12 auf. Dieser Steg 12 überlappt in radialer Richtung mit den Felgenschultern 7, 8. Die gummielastischen Elemente 3 liegen beidseits der Radmittelebene 13 in Ringräumen, die von am Steg 12 ausgebildeten Anlageflächen 15, 16 und Anlageflächen 7a, 8a der Felgenschultern 7, 8 begrenzt sind.The wheel tire 2 has an annular web 12 with a dovetail cross section on the inside. This web 12 overlaps with the rim shoulders 7, 8 in the radial direction. The rubber-elastic elements 3 lie on both sides of the wheel center plane 13 in annular spaces which are delimited by contact surfaces 15, 16 and contact surfaces 7a, 8a of the rim shoulders 7, 8 formed on the web 12.
Wie vor allem aus Fig. 4 hervorgeht, liegen die Anlageflächen 7a, 8a, 15, 16 auf den Mänteln von Kegelstümpfen, deren Erzeugende auch die Parallelen eines äußeren und inneren Rhombus mit Eckpunkten A, B, C, D bzw. E, F, G, H haben. Bei dieser Ausführung ist die Lage der paarweise zugeordneten Anlageflächen 7a, 15 bzw. 8a, 16 spiegelbildlich zur Radmittelebene 13. Ihre Neigung wird dadurch bestimmt, daß die mit der Radachse 5 zusammenfallende Diagonale mit den Eckpunkten B - D bzw. F - H kleiner ist als die andere Diagonale mit den Eckpunkten A - C bzw. E - G. über die Neigung der Anlageflächen 7a, 8a, 15, 16 läßt sich die axiale und radiale Steifigkeit des Rades bestimmen.As can be seen above all from FIG. 4, the contact surfaces 7a, 8a, 15, 16 lie on the mantles of truncated cones, the generatrices of which also form the parallels of an outer and inner rhombus with corner points A, B, C, D or E, F, G, H have. In this embodiment, the position of the paired contact surfaces 7a, 15 and 8a, 16 is a mirror image of the wheel center plane 13. Their inclination is determined by the fact that the diagonal coinciding with the wheel axis 5 is smaller with the corner points B-D and F-H The axial and radial stiffness of the wheel can be determined as the other diagonal with the corner points A - C and E - G. via the inclination of the contact surfaces 7a, 8a, 15, 16.
Das Ausführungsbeispiel Der Fig. 2 unterscheidet sich von dem der Fig. 1 darin, daß die Anlageflächen 7a, 8a, 15, 16 keine geraden Erzeugenden, sondern gekrümmte Erzeugende haben, d.h. ballig sind.The embodiment of Fig. 2 differs from that of Fig. 1 in that the contact surfaces 7a, 8a, 15, 16 have no straight generatrix, but curved generatrix, i.e. are crowned.
Das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 3 unterscheidet sich von dem der Fig. 1 nur darin, daß der Radreifen 2 aus einander aufgeschrumpften inneren und äußeren Ringen 19, 20 besteht.
Das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 5 unterscheidet sich von den Ausführungsbeispielen der Fig. 1-4 vor allem darin, daß eine zwischen Ringschultern 21, 22 ausgebildete Nut 14 sich am Innenrand des Radreifens befindet und ein mit den Ringschultern 21, 22 überlappender Steg 23 am Radkörper 1 ausgbildet ist. Die entsprechenden Anlageflächen 7a*, 8a*, 15*, 16* sind umgekehrt zu denen der Ausführungsbeispiele der Fig. 1-4 orientiert. Aber auch in diesem Fall ist das erfindungsgemäße Prinzip gewahrt, daß unter der besonderen Neigung der Anlageflächen 7a*, 8a*, 15*, 16* bei Achslast eine zusätzliche Kompression der gummielastischen Körper im Zenitbereich Z und eine Entlastung im Schienenbereich S stattfinden.The embodiment of FIG. 3 differs from that of FIG. 1 only in that the wheel tire 2 consists of inner and outer rings 19, 20 shrunk onto one another. The embodiment of FIG. 5 differs from the embodiments of FIGS. 1-4 primarily in that a groove 14 formed between annular shoulders 21, 22 is located on the inner edge of the wheel tire and a web 23 overlapping with the annular shoulders 21, 22 on the wheel body 1 is trained. The corresponding contact surfaces 7a *, 8a *, 15 *, 16 * are the reverse of those of the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 1-4. But even in this case, the principle according to the invention is observed that under the special inclination of the contact surfaces 7a *, 8a *, 15 *, 16 * with axle load, there is an additional compression of the rubber-elastic body in the zenith area Z and a relief in the rail area S.
Die Ausführungsbeispiele der Fig. 6 und 7 unterscheiden sich von dem der Fig. 1 darin, daß mehrere gleichartige Ringräume mit vorgespannten gummielastischen Elementen in radialer Richtung hintereinander angeordnet sind. Mit dieser Ausgestaltung wird eine kleine axiale Breite des Rades mit verbesserten radialen und axialen Federeigenschaften erreicht.The exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 6 and 7 differ from that of FIG. 1 in that several similar annular spaces with prestressed rubber-elastic elements are arranged one behind the other in the radial direction. With this configuration, a small axial width of the wheel with improved radial and axial spring properties is achieved.
Das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 8 unterscheidet sich von allen vorangehenden vor allem darin, daß die Anlageflächen 7a**, 8a**, 15**, 16** für die gummielastischen Elemente 3* nicht geneigt zur Radachse 5, sondern dazu parallel bzw. senkrecht liegen. Trotz dieser anderen geometrischen Gestaltung ist aber auch hier das Erfindungsprinzip gewahrt, daß die Normalen der koaxial liegenden Anlageflächen 7a**, 8a**, 15**, 16** zur Radachse 5 gerichtet sind, derart, daß bei Achslast die gummielastischen Elemente 3* im Zenitbereich Z zusätzlich druckbelastet und im Schienenbereich S druckentlastet werden.
The embodiment of FIG. 8 differs from all of the foregoing primarily in that the contact surfaces 7a **, 8a **, 15 **, 16 ** for the rubber-elastic elements 3 * are not inclined to the wheel axis 5, but rather parallel or lie vertically. Despite this other geometrical design, the principle of the invention is also observed here that the normals of the coaxial contact surfaces 7a **, 8a **, 15 **, 16 ** are directed towards the wheel axle 5, such that the rubber-elastic elements 3 are applied when the axle is under load * In the zenith area Z, additional pressure loads and in the rail area S, pressure relief.
Claims
1. Aus Radkörper (1) und Radreifen (2) bestehendes Schienenrad mit gummielastischen Elementen (3, 3*), die beidseits der Radmittelebene (13) in von einander überlappenden Anlageflächen (7a, 8a, 15, 16, 7a*, 8a*, 15*, 16*, 7a**, 8a**, 15**, 16**) des Radkörpers (1) und des Radreifens (2) begrenzten Ringräumen unter Vorspannung zwischen den Anlageflächen (7a, 8a, 15, 16, 16, 7a*, 8a*, 15*, 16*, 7a**, 8a**7 15**, 16**) liegen und die axiale und radiale Bewegung zwischen Radreifen (2) und Radkörper (1) begrenzen, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Flächennormalen der Anlageflächen (7a, 8a, 15, 16, 7a*, 8a*, 15*, 16*, 7a**, 8a**, 15**, 16**) mit jeweils einer Komponenten auf die Radachse (5) derart gerichtet sind, daß unter Achslast (P) die gummielastischen Elemente (3, 3*) im Zenitbereich (Z) des Schienenrades über die Vorspannung hinaus komprimiert und im Schienenbereich (S) des Schienenrades entlastet sind.1. From wheel body (1) and wheel tire (2) existing rail wheel with rubber-elastic elements (3, 3 *), which on both sides of the wheel center plane (13) in mutually overlapping contact surfaces (7a, 8a, 15, 16, 7a *, 8a * , 15 *, 16 *, 7a **, 8a **, 15 **, 16 **) of the wheel body (1) and the wheel tire (2) limited annular spaces under prestress between the contact surfaces (7a, 8a, 15, 16, 16, 7a *, 8a *, 15 *, 16 *, 7a **, 8a ** 7 15 **, 16 **) and limit the axial and radial movement between the tire (2) and the wheel body (1), characterized that the surface normals of the contact surfaces (7a, 8a, 15, 16, 7a *, 8a *, 15 *, 16 *, 7a **, 8a **, 15 **, 16 **) each have a component on the wheel axle (5) are directed such that under axle load (P) the rubber-elastic elements (3, 3 *) in the zenith area (Z) of the rail wheel are compressed beyond the preload and relieved in the rail area (S) of the rail wheel.
2. Schienenrad nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Anlageflächen (7a, 8a, 15, 16, 7a*, 8a*, 15*, 16*, 7a**, 8a**, 15**, 16**) des einen Ringraumes zu denen des anderen Ringraumes bezogen auf die Radmittelebene (13) spiegelbildlich liegen und die Form von Kegelstumpfmänteln haben. 2. Rail wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact surfaces (7a, 8a, 15, 16, 7a *, 8a *, 15 *, 16 *, 7a **, 8a **, 15 **, 16 **) of one annulus to those of the other annulus are mirror images of the wheel center plane (13) and have the shape of truncated cone shells.
3. Radreifen nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die demselben Ringraum zugeordneten Anlageflächen (7a, 8a, 15, 16,7a*, 8a*, 15*, 16*, 7a**, 8a**, 15**, 16**) einander parallel liegen.3. A wheel tire according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the contact surfaces assigned to the same annular space (7a, 8a, 15, 16.7a *, 8a *, 15 *, 16 *, 7a **, 8a **, 15 **, 16 **) are parallel to each other.
4. Schienenrad nach Anspruch 2 und 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Erzeugenden der Kegelstumpfmäntel auf den Parallelen eines äußeren und eines inneren Rhombus (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H) liegen, deren eine mit der Radachse (5) zusammenfallende Diagonale kürzer als die andere Diagonale ist.4. Rail wheel according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that the generatrix of the truncated cones lie on the parallels of an outer and an inner rhombus (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H), one of which with the wheel axis ( 5) coincident diagonal is shorter than the other diagonal.
5. Schienenrad nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß von den Anlageflächen (7a, 8a, 15, 16) äußere Anlagefläche (8a) an einem am Radkörper (1) befestigbaren Ring ausgebildet ist.5. Rail wheel according to one of claims 1 to 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that of the contact surfaces (7 a, 8 a, 15, 16) outer contact surface (8 a) is formed on a ring on the wheel body (1) attachable.
6. Schienenrad nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß zwischen den Ringräumen für die gummielastischen Elemente (3, 3*) ein weiterer axialer Ringraum zwischen dem Radkörper (1) und dem Radreifen (2) vorgesehen ist, in dem ein radial wirkender elastischer Anschlag (11) mit radialem Spiel sitzt.6. Rail wheel according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that between the annular spaces for the rubber-elastic elements (3, 3 *) a further axial annular space between the wheel body (1) and the wheel tire (2) is provided, in which a radial acting elastic stop (11) with radial play.
7. Schienenrad nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß mehrere gleichartige Ringräume mit darin angeordneten gummielastischen Elementen auf verschiedenen radialen Ebenen angeordnet sind. 7. Rail wheel according to one of claims 1 to 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that several similar annular spaces with rubber-elastic elements arranged therein are arranged on different radial planes.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4402686 | 1994-01-29 | ||
DE4402686 | 1994-01-29 | ||
DE4430342A DE4430342C2 (en) | 1994-01-29 | 1994-08-26 | Rubber-sprung rail wheel |
DE4430342 | 1994-08-26 | ||
PCT/EP1994/004053 WO1995020499A1 (en) | 1994-01-29 | 1994-12-06 | Rubber-sprung rail-vehicle wheel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0741646A1 true EP0741646A1 (en) | 1996-11-13 |
Family
ID=25933382
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95904424A Withdrawn EP0741646A1 (en) | 1994-01-29 | 1994-12-06 | Rubber-sprung rail-vehicle wheel |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0741646A1 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ207496A3 (en) |
NO (1) | NO963065L (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995020499A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001008903A1 (en) * | 1999-08-02 | 2001-02-08 | Bridgestone Corporation | Elastic wheel |
CN100544972C (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2009-09-30 | 尹学军 | Damping wheel |
ES2389425B1 (en) | 2012-07-30 | 2013-06-05 | Construcciones Y Auxiliar De Ferrocarriles, S.A. | Elastic wheel for rail vehicles |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB792376A (en) * | 1954-07-06 | 1958-03-26 | Gomma Antivibranti Applic | Improvements relating to resilient vehicle wheels |
DE2406206C3 (en) * | 1974-02-09 | 1981-05-07 | Klöckner-Werke AG, 4100 Duisburg | Rubber-sprung rail wheel |
DE2406246A1 (en) * | 1974-02-09 | 1975-08-14 | Kloeckner Werke Ag | Rubber sprung railway wheel - having segmented inner rim to stress rubber insert rings evenly |
DE4300553A1 (en) * | 1993-01-12 | 1994-07-14 | Hermann Ortwein | Rubber-sprung rail wheel |
-
1994
- 1994-12-06 EP EP95904424A patent/EP0741646A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-12-06 CZ CZ962074A patent/CZ207496A3/en unknown
- 1994-12-06 WO PCT/EP1994/004053 patent/WO1995020499A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1996
- 1996-07-23 NO NO963065A patent/NO963065L/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
---|
DE-A- 2 406 246 * |
DE-A- 4 300 553 * |
DE-C- 2 406 206 * |
GB-A- 792 376 * |
See also references of WO9520499A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO963065D0 (en) | 1996-07-23 |
CZ207496A3 (en) | 1996-11-13 |
WO1995020499A1 (en) | 1995-08-03 |
NO963065L (en) | 1996-07-23 |
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