EP0736925B1 - Doppelt wirkende Antenne und Mobiltelefon mit einer solchen Antenne - Google Patents

Doppelt wirkende Antenne und Mobiltelefon mit einer solchen Antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0736925B1
EP0736925B1 EP19960660006 EP96660006A EP0736925B1 EP 0736925 B1 EP0736925 B1 EP 0736925B1 EP 19960660006 EP19960660006 EP 19960660006 EP 96660006 A EP96660006 A EP 96660006A EP 0736925 B1 EP0736925 B1 EP 0736925B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
section
impedance
extreme position
cover
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19960660006
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0736925A3 (de
EP0736925A2 (de
Inventor
Risto Huusko
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Nokia Oyj
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Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd filed Critical Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd
Publication of EP0736925A2 publication Critical patent/EP0736925A2/de
Publication of EP0736925A3 publication Critical patent/EP0736925A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0736925B1 publication Critical patent/EP0736925B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H01Q1/244—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas extendable from a housing along a given path

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an omnidirectional antenna according to the preamble of claim 1, which is intended to transmit radio communication on radio frequencies, and which can be partly retracted within the case of a radio device in order to save space, and which functions as an antenna both in the retracted and in the extended position.
  • a common solution is to provide the mobile phone with a double-acting antenna, of which a main part is retracted within the telephone's case in the transport and storage position, and which the user can extend when required. These two positions are called the passive position and the active position, respectively.
  • the antenna is designed so that even in the passive position a functional antenna section remains outside the telephone case, through which the telephone is able to receive paging messages.
  • the electrical performance of the antenna is essentially better in the active position, so that in order to have a successful telephone connection the user is supposed to extend the antenna to the active position when he initiates a call.
  • the double-acting antenna is formed by two conducting elements according to the figures 1a and 1b, which elements are located one after another in an elongated antenna structure without a galvanic connection to each other.
  • the double-acting antenna is formed by two conducting elements according to the figures 1a and 1b, which elements are located one after another in an elongated antenna structure without a galvanic connection to each other.
  • At the top of the antenna there is a conductor wound as a cylindrical coil, or a so called helix element 1, which in the longitudinal direction of the antenna is substantially shorter than the straight conductor functioning as the shaft of the antenna, the so called whip element 2.
  • the telephone's transceiver unit When the antenna is in its active position (figure la) the telephone's transceiver unit is connected through the sliding contact 3 to the bottom end of the antenna, and it uses only the whip element as an antenna.
  • the passive position (figure 1b) the whip element 2 is wholly retracted in the telephone's case 4, and the transceiver unit is connected to the helix element 1 through the "neck" of the antenna.
  • the matching circuit 9 adapts the respective antenna impedance so that it corresponds to the impedance of the antenna port 11.
  • the disadvantage of this arrangement is the fact, that when one of these is in use the other is in a way unnecessary, because the whip element and the helix element are not electrically connected. An arrangement like this will result in quite modest space savings.
  • the telescope antenna is an antenna solution which was already used for a long time in portable radios, whereby the antenna comprises cylindrical elements within each other which slide against each other.
  • the telescopic structure is expensive and rather difficult to manufacture, and will hardly withstand mechanical stresses, so it has not gained wide acceptance in mobile phones.
  • the patent publication WO-92/16980 A presents, according to the figures 2a, 2b and 2c, a double-acting solution, which comprises a helix part 1 and a whip part 2 which are arranged one after another as in the antenna presented in the publication US-5 204 687 A, but which in this case are connected to each other with an electrically conducting joint.
  • the idea of the invention is to dimension the whip part 2 and its retraction case 5 so that in the passive position (figures 2b and 2c) the whip part is seen as a very high impedance and will not have an effect on the helix part's function as an antenna. An incorrectly dimensioned whip part would in the retracted position cause undesired reflections or unnecessary attenuation in the signal.
  • the whip part 2 is preferably dimensioned with a length of a half-wave.
  • the dimensioning of the helix is not essential to the invention presented in the publication WO-92/16980 A, but its electrical length can be e.g. a quarter-wave or a half-wave.
  • the matching circuit 9 adapts the antenna impedance to the impedance of the antenna port 11.
  • the publication also discloses an alternative embodiment, in which a sliding contact 6 is arranged in the middle of the retraction case 5 and in the passive position forms a ground contact to the whip part, so that the distance from the antenna feeding point 3 to the grounding point 6 is a quarter of the wave-length.
  • FIG. 2d illustrates in a circuit diagram the inventive idea of the publication WO-92/1 6980 A.
  • the circuit diagram of the figure shows the helix part 1 functioning as the antenna and the matching circuit 9 in an exemplary embodiment when the antenna is in the passive position (cf. Figures 2b and 2c).
  • the signal will not see the whip part 2 of the antenna as a branch leaving the feeding point, and thus it will not cause detrimental reflections or attenuation, because a transmission line, which is open at one end and has the length of a half-wave, and a transmission line, which is shorted at one end and has the length of a quarter-wave, appear on the radio frequency as an infinite impedance.
  • the whip part 2 can not be made shorter than a quarter-wave, because a shorter transmission line can not be made to "vanish" from the view of the signal.
  • the publication WO-92/16980 A does not even present a whip part with the length of a quarter-wave, but only the grounding of a half-wave whip part at the middle through the slide contact 6.
  • a half of the wavelength at 450 MHz is about 30 cm, and at 900 MHz about 15 cm, so the half-wave whip element according to the publication WO-92/16980 is still quite long considering modern radiotelephones. It is obvious that the antenna design should provide still shorter solutions.
  • the object of this invention is to present an antenna structure, which both in the retracted position and in the extended position functions in the way required by a communication system, preferably a mobile phone system, and which has a very small size.
  • a communication system preferably a mobile phone system
  • the design must be simple to manufacture, and regarding manufacturing costs it should be suitable for series production of mobile stations.
  • the double-acting antenna structure which comprises a first section and a second section.
  • the first section and the second section function as an omnidirectional antenna, and when the antenna is in the retracted position the second section functions as a part of the impedance matching for the first section.
  • the antenna structure comprises further a matching part, which comprises means to be connected to the antenna and to adapt its impedance to the correct value both in the extracted and in the retracted positions.
  • the antenna structure according to the invention is characterized by the features recited in the characterizing portion of claim 1.
  • the invention is based on the perception that in the retracted or the passive position we do not try to make the second section of the antenna invisible for the signal as disclosed in the publication WO-92/16980 A, but its electrical characteristics are utilized by connecting it as an inductance between the feeding point of the antenna and the ground potential. Then the electrical length of the second section can be substantially shorter than a quarter-wave.
  • the first and second sections form a combined antenna structure, whose electrical length is sufficient to achieve an effective antenna function.
  • the matching part belonging to the antenna structure is designed in a way presented further below so that in both operating positions of the antenna it matches the antenna in an optimal way to the transceiver part of the radio device.
  • the antenna structure according to the invention is shown in figure 3a when the antenna is extracted, and it comprises a first section, preferably a helix 1, and a second section, preferably a whip 2.
  • a first section preferably a helix 1
  • a second section preferably a whip 2.
  • Both are made of conducting material, preferably a metal conductor or strip. They can be made as one body or as different bodies, whereby they are connected by a electrically conducting joint.
  • the electrical length of the first section is preferably a quarter of the wave-length for which the antenna is intended.
  • the electrical length of the second section is considerably shorter than one quarter of the wave-length, preferably about one eighth of the wave-length.
  • the directing tube may be made of plastic or metal. If it is made of metal it must be isolated from the antenna. A directing tube is not necessary if the correct movement of the antenna between the outer and inner positions or the active and passive positions can be reliably guaranteed by other means.
  • the matching part 7 of the antenna structure comprises connecting means 8 for a connection to the antenna, an impedance matching circuit 9 with which the impedance of the antenna arrangement is adapted so that it corresponds to the impedance of the antenna port 11 of the mobile phone's transceiver, and an ground contact 10, which grounds the lower end of the whip section when the antenna is pushed into the retracted position, so that the whip section will function as the inductance according to the inventive idea.
  • Figure 3 shows two alternative embodiments 10a and 10b of the grounding circuit, which will be described below.
  • the RF feeding point of the antenna is located at the connecting means 8, both in the active and in the passive positions.
  • the radiating antenna element In the active position the radiating antenna element is formed by the series connection of the whip and helix sections, the series having an electrical length which is the sum of the helix and whip sections, preferably 3 ⁇ /8.
  • the passive position In the passive position the radiating antenna element is formed by the helix section having an electrical length of about ⁇ /4. Because the electrical length of the radiating antenna element changes between the active and the passive positions, the feeding impedance of the antenna gets different values, which results in that the same impedance matching circuit 9 will not function optimally in both cases.
  • the whip section 2 and the ground contact 10 form in the passive position an inductance circuit from the antenna feeding point to the ground potential, which is illustrated in figure 3c.
  • This inductance circuit functions as a part of the impedance matching of the helix section 1 when the antenna is in the passive position.
  • the impedance matching circuit 9 is typically a low-pass structure realized with an inductive element L1 and a capacitive element C1.
  • a high-pass structure, a strip element structure, or any other antenna matching circuit known by a person skilled in the art may also come into question.
  • the circuit is dimension according to the active position, i.e. it adapts the impedance of the series connected whip section 2 and helix section 1 to be 50 ⁇ . Due to the grounding 10 in the passive position the whip section is connected between the antenna feeding point 8 and the ground potential, i.e. in the figure as a parallel inductance in parallel with the capacitive element C1, whereby the combined circuit of the whip section and the matching circuit 9 should adapt the impedance of the helix section to be 50 ⁇ .
  • the antenna structure according to the invention is remarkably small sized, because the whip element has a length of only one eighth of the wave-length.
  • the antenna provides a good performance, because in the active position its electrical length is longer than the length of either part alone, and the impedance matching is optimal both in the active and in the passive positions.
  • the design is simple and mechanically strong, and its manufacturing costs are low.
  • the antenna design according to the invention can be used in all transceiver devices, where the antenna preferably is small sized and retractable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Antennenanordnung für die Kommunikation durch eine Funk-Kommunikationsvorrichtung mit einem Antennenanschluß (11) zum Übertragen des Antennensignals und einem Gehäuse (4), wobei die Antennenanordnung enthält:
    eine Antenne, die einen ersten Abschnitt (1) und einen zweiten Abschnitt (2) umfaßt, wodurch die Antenne in bezug auf das Gehäuse der Funk-Kommunikationseinrichtung zwischen einer ersten Extremposition und einer zweiten Extremposition bewegt werden kann, wobei die ersten und zweiten Abschnitte in der ersten Extremposition im wesentlichen außerhalb des Gehäuses sind und der zweite Abschnitt in der zweiten Extremposition im wesentlichen im Gehäuse ist; und
    einen Abgleichteil (7), der die Impedanz der Antenne so anpaßt, daß sie der Impedanz des Antennenanschlusses (11) entspricht, wobei der Abgleichteil eine Impedanzabgleichschaltung (9) zwischen der Antenne und dem Antennenanschluß enthält;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    die elektrische Länge des zweiten Antennenabschnitts (2) wesentlich kürzer ist als ein Viertel der Wellenlänge, bei der die Antenne verwendet werden soll, und der zweite Antennenabschnitt in der zweiten Extremposition zusammen mit dem Abgleichteil (7) eine Verbindung bildet, bei der der zweite Antennenabschnitt (2) ein Teil einer Schaltung ist, die so beschaffen ist, daß sie als ein Teil des Impedanzabgleichs des ersten Antennenabschnitts (1) wirkt, um die Impedanz des ersten Antennenabschnitts (1) so anzupassen, daß sie der Impedanz des Antennenanschlusses (11) entspricht.
  2. Antennenanordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrische Länge des zweiten Antennenabschnitts (2) im wesentlichen ein Achtel der Wellenlänge beträgt, bei der die Antenne verwendet werden soll.
  3. Antennenanordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zweite Antennenabschnitt (2) ein erstes Ende und ein zweites Ende enthält, wovon das erste Ende mit dem ersten Antennenabschnitt (1) verbunden ist, und der Abgleichteil (7) eine Einrichtung umfaßt, um eine Verbindung (10) zwischen dem zweiten Ende und dem Massepotential einzurichten, wenn die Antenne in der zweiten Extremposition ist.
  4. Antennenanordnung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zweite Antennenabschnitt (2) und die Verbindung (10) im wesentlichen eine induktive Verbindung (10b) zwischen dem ersten Antennenabschnitt (1) und dem Massepotential (Fig. 3b) bildet.
  5. Antennenanordnung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindung (10b) zwischen dem zweiten Ende der Antenne und dem Massepotential eine Reiheninduktivität (L2) (Fig. 3b) enthält.
  6. Antennenanordnung nach Anspruch 3, 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindung (10a) zwischen dem zweiten Ende der Antenne und dem Massepotential eine Reihenkapazität (C2) enthält.
  7. Antennenanordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Antennenabschnitt (1) ein Leiter ist, der zu einer zylindrischen Spule gewickelt ist.
  8. Antennenanordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zweite Antennenabschnitt (2) ein geradliniger Leiter ist.
  9. Mobiltelephon für die Kommunikation in einem Mobilfunknetz, wobei das Mobiltelephon ein Gehäuse, einen Sender-Empfänger-Antennenanschluß und eine Antennenanordnung enthält, wobei die Antennenanordnung umfaßt:
    eine Antenne, die einen ersten Abschnitt (1) und einen zweiten Abschnitt (2) enthält, wodurch die Antenne in bezug auf das Gehäuse des Mobiltelephons zwischen einer ersten Extremposition und einer zweiten Extremposition bewegt werden kann, wobei die ersten und zweiten Abschnitte in der ersten Extremposition im wesentlichen außerhalb des Gehäuses sind und der zweite Abschnitt in der zweiten Extremposition im wesentlichen im Gehäuse ist; und
    ein Abgleichteil (7), der die Impedanz der Antenne so anpaßt, daß sie der Impedanz des Antennenanschlusses entspricht, wobei der Abgleichteil eine Impedanzabgleichschaltung (9) zwischen der Antenne und dem Antennenanschluß enthält;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    die elektrische Länge des zweiten Antennenabschnitts (2) wesentlich kürzer ist als ein Viertel der Wellenlänge, bei der die Antenne verwendet werden soll, und der zweite Antennenabschnitt in der zweiten Extremposition zusammen mit dem Abgleichteil (7) eine Verbindung bildet, bei der der zweite Antennenabschnitt (2) ein Teil einer Schaltung ist, die so beschaffen ist, daß sie als ein Teil des Impedanzabgleichs des ersten Antennenabschnitts (1) wirkt, um die Impedanz des ersten Antennenabschnitts (1) so anzupassen, daß sie der Impedanz des Antennenanschlusses (11) entspricht.
  10. Verwendung der Antennenanordnung nach Anspruch 1 in einem Mobiltelephon.
EP19960660006 1995-04-07 1996-03-22 Doppelt wirkende Antenne und Mobiltelefon mit einer solchen Antenne Expired - Lifetime EP0736925B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI951668A FI97499C (fi) 1995-04-07 1995-04-07 Kaksitoiminen antenni
FI951668 1995-04-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0736925A2 EP0736925A2 (de) 1996-10-09
EP0736925A3 EP0736925A3 (de) 1997-11-05
EP0736925B1 true EP0736925B1 (de) 2001-10-17

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EP19960660006 Expired - Lifetime EP0736925B1 (de) 1995-04-07 1996-03-22 Doppelt wirkende Antenne und Mobiltelefon mit einer solchen Antenne

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EP (1) EP0736925B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH08316716A (de)
DE (1) DE69615897T2 (de)
FI (1) FI97499C (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5717408A (en) * 1995-12-18 1998-02-10 Centurion International, Inc. Retractable antenna for a cellular telephone
SE507244C2 (sv) * 1996-08-29 1998-04-27 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Antennanordning och förfarande vid portabel radioutrustning samt förfarande för åstadkommande av en sådan antennanordning
EP1675213A1 (de) 1997-01-28 2006-06-28 Yokowo Co., Ltd. Antenne zum Anbau an einem Fahrzeug, Antennenelement und Herstellungsverfahren dafür
SE518575C2 (sv) * 1997-03-24 2002-10-22 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Skjutbar antenn med skiftande elektrisk längd
US6097934A (en) * 1997-12-31 2000-08-01 Ericsson Inc. Retractable radiotelephone antennas with extended feeds
BR9917171A (pt) * 1998-02-27 2001-12-04 Motorola Inc Antena adaptada para operar em várias bandas defrequência
JP3395696B2 (ja) 1999-03-15 2003-04-14 日本電気株式会社 ウェハ処理装置およびウェハ処理方法
JP3492613B2 (ja) 2000-04-14 2004-02-03 埼玉日本電気株式会社 携帯無線機用アンテナ

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5204687A (en) * 1990-07-19 1993-04-20 Galtronics Ltd. Electrical device and electrical transmitter-receiver particularly useful in a ct2 cordless telephone
DK168346B1 (da) * 1991-03-19 1994-03-14 Dancall Telecom As Antennekonstruktion med udtrækkeligt antenneelement
EP0522806B1 (de) * 1991-07-08 1996-11-20 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Ausfahrbares Antennensystem
JPH07504795A (ja) * 1993-01-29 1995-05-25 モトローラ・インコーポレイテッド 無線回路用アンテナ構造体およびその方法
CA2116384C (en) * 1993-02-25 1997-01-21 Kenji Takamoro Antenna for a radio communication apparatus
JP2520557B2 (ja) * 1993-02-26 1996-07-31 日本電気株式会社 無線機用アンテナ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0736925A3 (de) 1997-11-05
DE69615897T2 (de) 2002-04-25
EP0736925A2 (de) 1996-10-09
FI97499B (fi) 1996-09-13
JPH08316716A (ja) 1996-11-29
FI97499C (fi) 1996-12-27
FI951668A0 (fi) 1995-04-07
DE69615897D1 (de) 2001-11-22

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