EP0735251B2 - Exhaust collector for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Exhaust collector for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0735251B2
EP0735251B2 EP96100965A EP96100965A EP0735251B2 EP 0735251 B2 EP0735251 B2 EP 0735251B2 EP 96100965 A EP96100965 A EP 96100965A EP 96100965 A EP96100965 A EP 96100965A EP 0735251 B2 EP0735251 B2 EP 0735251B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
outer shell
inner pipe
seams
shell
flanges
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96100965A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0735251A1 (en
EP0735251B1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Augustin
Henning Dipl.-Ing. Blöcker
Pierre Dipl.-Ing. Bonny
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Jekel
Hans-Jörg Dipl.-Ing. Kaifel
Berndt Dipl.-Ing. Schütz
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Daimler Benz AG
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DaimlerChrysler AG
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Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/102Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having thermal insulation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F01N13/141Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an exhaust manifold for a Internal combustion engine, in the preamble of the claim 1 specified genus.
  • an exhaust manifold for Exhaust duct known from an internal combustion engine, the one from a multi-part inner shell and a by far surrounding outer shell as well as flange means for connecting the inner tube to several in the Spaced cylinder output channels of Internal combustion engine exists. Furthermore, to the connection an exhaust pipe provided an output flange, which is attached to the inner shell.
  • the outer shell consists of shell parts that are at their edges with each other are connected and encloses the inner shell at its ends guided in the flange means. To this Way is between the inner shell and the outer shell a space formed to the air gap insulation serve or can be filled with an insulating material.
  • the flange means for all connections of the inner shell to the cylinder head in the form of a continuous flange plate as so-called Composite flange formed in proportion to the much thinner sheet thicknesses of the inner shell and the outer shell dimensionally stable and inelastic is. Therefore, the connection areas of the individual sections of the inner shell as a sliding seat be designed so that the different strengths Strains caused by temperature changes can be compensated. For sealing such sliding seat connections are additional Sealing elements provided, which is an exit of the exhaust gas from the inner shell into the space between the Outer shell and the inner shell prevented.
  • Such Arrangement is complicated in construction, expensive in the Production and also due to the composite flange with a high weight.
  • an exhaust manifold which has four lying in a row Einzelflansche, wherein the two middle Einzelflansche are connected to a first inner tube and the two outer Einzelflansche with a second inner tube .
  • Each of these inner tubes has an outer shell, these outer shells are composed of two mutually interconnected at their edges shell parts and enclose the respective inner tube at its out in the flange means ends. Between inner tube and outer shell, a space is formed to air gap insulation.
  • the invention is based on the object, a Exhaust manifold referred to in the preamble of claim 1 Further develop genus in such a way that a simple Construction, a reduction of the total weight and a long life is achieved.
  • a preferred embodiment of the subject invention is that in the rectilinear Section of the outer shell seam connecting side bows, whose outer ends are connected to the inner tube are.
  • the outer shell is two Half shells formed, which have several seams, of which the running between the input flanges Seams a greater distance to the inner tube have as the other seams.
  • This will be a Box construction generates, through which in the areas, which are adjacent to the input flanges greater distance between inner tube and outer shell results.
  • the outer shell has in one between the input flanges and orthogonal approximately to this level Shape of a drop on.
  • This Shape of the flanging edges is especially for certain connection methods, for example laser welding, to consider.
  • the seam is out of itself overlapping edges are formed, their overlapping sections preferably about 4 mm. All seams the outer shell are welded. To ensure, that the air gap between the inner tube and the outer shell does not fall below a given distance, is between the inner tube and the outer shell at least one spacer, preferably one Spacer ring from a residue-free when heated burning material, provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of an exhaust manifold 1, which essentially consists of the exhaust gas leading inner tube 2 and an outer shell 3 and a plurality of input flanges 10, 11, 12 and an output flange 5 exists.
  • the inner tube 2 comprises a curved piece 6, a T-shaped center 7 and a Y-shaped Connector 8, wherein each of the pieces 6, 7 and 8 connected to one of the input flanges 10, 11, 12 and the connector 8 with a thereto molded connecting piece 9 in the output flange 5 is attached in the manner of a sliding seat.
  • the Elbow 6 has at its the input flange 10 remote end a connecting portion 16, in a sleeve portion 17 of the middle piece.
  • connection section 16'am Centerpiece 7 and a sleeve portion 17 'on the connector 8th is also a connection between provided the middle piece 7 and the connecting piece 8, through a connection section 16'am Centerpiece 7 and a sleeve portion 17 'on the connector 8th.
  • the outer shell 3 consists of a first half-shell 14 and a second half-shell 15, the edges thereof at seams 18, 19, 20 and 21 abut each other and welded together. This extends the first seam 18 between the input flanges 10 and 11, the second seam 19 between the input flanges 11 and 12, the third seam 20 follows at a radial distance the contour of the connecting piece 8 between the input flange 12 and the output flange 5 and the fourth seam 21 extends at a radial distance of the inner tube 2 from the input flange 10 to the output flange 5. As can be seen from Fig.
  • a box shape of the outer shell results 3, in which the distance of the outer shell to the inner tube 2 in the area between the seams 18, 19 and the inner tube 2 is substantially larger than that Distance of the seams 20, 21 to the inner tube 2.
  • the inner tube 2 forming pieces 6, 7, 8 are in the openings the input flanges 10, 11, 12 and the output flange 5 recorded.
  • the edges of the outer shell 3 can be welded into the openings of the flanges or immediately in front of the entrance flanges welded to the inner tube. To this The result is a closed space 4 for air gap insulation.
  • Fig. 2 shows a section along the line II-II in Fig. 1, wherein for reasons of clarity the representation of the input flange and in this introduced end of the elbow was omitted. From Fig. 2 it can be seen that the first half-shell 14 and the second half-shell 15 bent outward Edges 22, 22 'and 23, 23', in which the Half shells 14 and 15 mirror-symmetrically to each other lie. The edges 22, 23 and 22 ', 23' are interconnected welded and due to the shape of the edges are the Seams 18, 21 formed as flanged seams. Likewise the seams of the outer shell, not shown in Fig. 2 3 the shape of flanged seams on.
  • the cross section the outer shell 3 has substantially the Shape of a drop, wherein the first seam 18 in a much greater distance to the elbow 6 runs as the fourth seam 21.
  • the wrap angle, over the the contour of the outer shell 3 in radial the same distance to the inner tube 6, is preferably about 230 °.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 show enlarged views, respectively the connecting portions of the half-shells 14th and 15, from which the contour of the edges 22, 23 or 22 ', 23 'and the shape of the flanged seam becomes clear. It is it can be seen that the width B of the flanged edges to the mutual Plant needs to be low, one Width B of about 1 mm is considered sufficient However, it can also be larger due to the design be executed. Alternatively, an execution be provided, in which the flanged edge a half-shell is made wider than the bead the other half shell, with the supernatant the wider beading preferably 1 mm to 1.5 mm. For the connection of the half-shells 14, 15 By laser welding, this design is special suitable.
  • FIG. 5 shows a variant embodiment of FIG. 1, in which the outer shell 3 of two half-shells 24 and 25 is formed, the first seam 26 and second seam 27th extends in a curve 28 of different curvature.
  • the shape becomes a middle section 35 with large radius of curvature and laterally adjoining Sections 36 with a slightly smaller radius formed, wherein the outer end 34 of the sections 36 in a weld at the ends of Bogenstükkes 6 of the middle piece 7 and the connecting piece 8, in the openings of the input flanges 10, 11, 12th are guided, pass over.
  • the ends 34 of the bow 28th are thus also arranged at a distance L from each other.
  • This shape is the distance of the seams 26 and 27 to the inner tube 2 is not as large as in the embodiment of Fig. 1, but still significantly larger as the distance between the seam 21 and the inner tube 2, as can be seen from the illustration in FIG. Otherwise, the embodiment of FIG. 5 agrees with that of Figure 1 match; this also applies to the reference numerals for the
  • Fig. 6 shows a section along the line VI-VI in Fig. 5, wherein as well as in Fig. 2 to a representation the input flange and the connected Inner tube section was omitted. From Fig. 6 It is clear that the second seam 27 formed as a sock is at the one edge 31 of the first half-shell 24 and an edge 32 of the second half-shell 25 into each other to grab.
  • the fourth seam 21 corresponds with respect to their Shape of the flanging seam described for Fig. 2. Between the inner tube 2 and the outer shell 3 is the ring 30 ' arranged.
  • FIG. 7 shows a variant embodiment of FIG. 6, in which also the second seam 27 opposite fourth seam 33 is formed as a seam, so that the edges of the half-shells 24 and 25 in the manner of a Mesh hat box.
  • Fig. 8 is the detail VIII of FIG. 7 is shown enlarged, from which it can be seen is that the overlapping edges 31 and 32 the half-shells 24, 25 by a weld 37 with each other are connected, wherein an overlap section A is formed, which is preferably about 4 mm.
  • Fig. 9 shows a further embodiment to Fig. 1, wherein the contour of the first and second seams 39 and 40 a bow 41 of uniform curvature corresponds, the ends 42 attached to the inner tube 2 are.
  • the radius of the arc 41 is approximately the same 0.6 times the distance L between the ends 42, the Seams 39, 40 and the bow 41.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Abgaskrümmer für eine Brennkraftmaschine, der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Gattung.The invention relates to an exhaust manifold for a Internal combustion engine, in the preamble of the claim 1 specified genus.

Aus der EP 0 582 985 A1 ist ein Abgaskrümmer zur Abgasführung aus einem Verbrennungsmotor bekannt, der aus einer mehrteiligen Innenschale und einer dieses mit Abstand umgebenden Außenschale sowie Flanschmitteln zum Anschluß des Innenrohres an mehrere im Abstand angeordnete Zylinderausgangskanäle der Brennkraftmaschine besteht. Ferner ist zum Anschluß eines Abgasrohres ein Ausgangsflansch vorgesehen, der an der Innenschale befestigt ist. Die Außenschale besteht aus Schalenteilen, die an ihren Rändern miteinander verbunden sind und umschließt die Innenschale an seinen in die Flanschmittel geführten Enden. Auf diese Weise wird zwischen der Innenschale und der Außenschale ein Raum gebildet, der zur Luftspaltisolierung dienen oder mit einem Isolierstoff gefüllt sein kann.From EP 0 582 985 A1 an exhaust manifold for Exhaust duct known from an internal combustion engine, the one from a multi-part inner shell and a by far surrounding outer shell as well as flange means for connecting the inner tube to several in the Spaced cylinder output channels of Internal combustion engine exists. Furthermore, to the connection an exhaust pipe provided an output flange, which is attached to the inner shell. The outer shell consists of shell parts that are at their edges with each other are connected and encloses the inner shell at its ends guided in the flange means. To this Way is between the inner shell and the outer shell a space formed to the air gap insulation serve or can be filled with an insulating material.

Bei der bekannten Anordnung sind die Flanschmittel für alle Anschlüsse der Innenschale an den Zylinderkopf in Form einer durchgehenden Flanschplatte als sogenannter Verbundflansch ausgebildet, der im Verhältnis zu den wesentlich dünneren Blechstärken der Innenschale und der Außenschale formbeständig und unelastisch ist. Daher müssen die Verbindungsbereiche der einzelnen Abschnitte der Innenschale als Schiebesitz ausgestaltet werden, damit die unterschiedlich starken Dehnungen, die durch Temperaturwechsel hervorgerufen werden, ausgeglichen werden können. Zur Abdichtung solcher Schiebesitzverbindungen sind zusätzliche Dichtelemente vorgesehen, die ein Austreten des Abgases aus der Innenschale in den Raum zwischen der Außenschale und der Innenschale verhindert. Eine solche Anordnung ist kompliziert im Aufbau, teuer in der Herstellung und außerdem aufgrund des Verbundflansches mit einem hohen Gewicht behaftet.In the known arrangement, the flange means for all connections of the inner shell to the cylinder head in the form of a continuous flange plate as so-called Composite flange formed in proportion to the much thinner sheet thicknesses of the inner shell and the outer shell dimensionally stable and inelastic is. Therefore, the connection areas of the individual sections of the inner shell as a sliding seat be designed so that the different strengths Strains caused by temperature changes can be compensated. For sealing such sliding seat connections are additional Sealing elements provided, which is an exit of the exhaust gas from the inner shell into the space between the Outer shell and the inner shell prevented. Such Arrangement is complicated in construction, expensive in the Production and also due to the composite flange with a high weight.

In dem DE-GM 80 04 882 ist ein Abgaskrümmer beschrieben, der vier in einer Reihe liegende Einzelflansche aufweist, wobei die beiden mittleren Einzelflansche mit einem ersten Innenrohr und die beiden äußeren Einzelflansche mit einem zweiten Innenrohr verbunden sind. Jedes dieser Innenrohre besitzt eine Außenschale, wobei diese Außenschalen aus jeweils zwei an ihren Rändern miteinander verbundenen Schalenteilen zusammengesetzt sind und das jeweilige Innenrohr an seinen in die Flanschmittel geführten Enden umschließen. Zwischen Innenrohr und Außenschale ist ein Raum zu Luftspaltisolierung gebildet.In the DE-GM 80 04 882 an exhaust manifold is described which has four lying in a row Einzelflansche, wherein the two middle Einzelflansche are connected to a first inner tube and the two outer Einzelflansche with a second inner tube . Each of these inner tubes has an outer shell, these outer shells are composed of two mutually interconnected at their edges shell parts and enclose the respective inner tube at its out in the flange means ends. Between inner tube and outer shell, a space is formed to air gap insulation.

Bei der bekannten Anordnung sind zwar Einzelflansche vorgesehen, aufgrund der doppelten Anordnung von Verbindungsrohren und Außenschalen ist der Abgaskrümmer aufwendig gestaltet und aufgrund der wesentlich längeren Nähte zwischen den Außenschalen teuer in der Herstellung.In the known arrangement, although individual flanges provided, due to the double arrangement of connecting pipes and outer shells is the exhaust manifold elaborately designed and due to the essential longer seams between the outer shells expensive in the production.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Abgaskrümmer der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannten Gattung derart weiterzubilden, daß ein einfacher Aufbau, eine Reduzierung des Gesamtgewichts sowie eine hohe Lebensdauer erreicht wird.The invention is based on the object, a Exhaust manifold referred to in the preamble of claim 1 Further develop genus in such a way that a simple Construction, a reduction of the total weight and a long life is achieved.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Abgaskrümmer mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This task is accompanied by an exhaust manifold the features of claim 1 solved.

Die Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Abgaskrümmers sind nicht nur in der Reduzierung des Gewichts und den geringeren Herstellkosten zu sehen, sondern auch in der längeren Haltbarkeit, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Außenschale. Letzteres wird dadurch erreicht, daß aufgrund der Gestaltung der Außenschale enge Radien nicht vorhanden sind und durch die Gestaltung der Nähte zwischen den Eingangsflanschen die resultierenden Spannungen erheblich niedriger liegen als bei den bekannten Konstruktionen.The advantages of the exhaust manifold according to the invention are not just in the reduction of weight and to see the lower manufacturing costs, but also in the longer shelf life, especially in terms of the outer shell. The latter is achieved by that due to the design of the outer shell close Radii are not present and by the design the seams between the input flanges the resulting Voltages are considerably lower than at the known constructions.

Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung des Erfindungsgegenstandes besteht darin, daß sich an den geradlinigen Abschnitt der Außenschalennaht seitliche Bögen anschließen, deren äußere Enden mit dem Innenrohr verbunden sind. Bei einer solchen Lösung wirken die infolge Wärmedehnung entstehenden Kräfte nahezu ausschließlich in Längsrichtung der Flanschebene, so daß keine nennenswerte Biegebeanspruchung bei Temperaturwechseln auftritt.A preferred embodiment of the subject invention is that in the rectilinear Section of the outer shell seam connecting side bows, whose outer ends are connected to the inner tube are. In such a solution, the result Thermal expansion forces almost exclusively in the longitudinal direction of the flange plane, so that no appreciable bending stress during temperature changes occurs.

Die Außenschale ist aus zwei Halbschalen gebildet, die mehrere Nähte aufweisen, von denen die zwischen den Eingangsflanschen verlaufenden Nähte einen größeren Abstand zum Innenrohr aufweisen als die übrigen Nähte. Hierdurch wird eine Kastenbauweise erzeugt, durch die sich in den Bereichen, die den Eingangsflanschen benachbart sind, ein größerer Abstand zwischen Innenrohr und Außenschale ergibt. Die Außenschale weist in einer zwischen den Eingangsflanschen liegenden und orthogonal zu diesen verlaufenden Ebene annähernd die Form eines Tropfens auf.The outer shell is two Half shells formed, which have several seams, of which the running between the input flanges Seams a greater distance to the inner tube have as the other seams. This will be a Box construction generates, through which in the areas, which are adjacent to the input flanges greater distance between inner tube and outer shell results. The outer shell has in one between the input flanges and orthogonal approximately to this level Shape of a drop on.

Um die Halbschalen zur Bildung der Außenschale zusammenzufügen, sind unterschiedliche Arten der Gestaltung der Nähte denkbar. Als besonders vorteilhaft werden Ausführungen als Stecknaht oder als Bördelnaht angesehen, wobei es durchaus zweckmäßig sein kann, verschiedene Nähte der Außenschale unterschiedlich zu gestalten. Als besonders geeignete Ausführung wird angesehen, daß die zwischen den Eingangsflanschen verlaufenen Nähte als Stecknaht und die übrigen Nähte als Bördelnaht ausgeführt sind. Für die Bördelnaht sind Bördelränder vorgesehen, deren Breite zur gegenseitigen Anlage vorzugsweise ca. 1 mm beträgt. Eine größere Breite ist zwar möglich, aber nicht unbedingt erforderlich. Eine weitere Ausführungsform besteht darin, daß der Bördelrand einer Halbschale breiter ausgeführt ist als der Bördelrand der anderen Halbschale, wobei der Überstand des breiteren Bördelrandes vorzugsweise 1 mm bis 1,5 mm beträgt. Diese Form der Bördelränder ist besonders für bestimmte Verbindungsverfahren, beispielsweise das Laserschweißen, in Betracht zu ziehen. Die Stecknaht ist aus sich überlappenden Rändern gebildet, deren Überlappungsabschnitte vorzugsweise ca. 4 mm beträgt. Alle Nähte der Außenschale sind geschweißt. Um sicherzustellen, daß der Luftspalt zwischen dem Innenrohr und der Außenschale einen vorgegebenen Abstand nicht unterschreitet, ist zwischen dem Innenrohr und der Außenschale mindestens ein Distanzmittel, vorzugsweise ein Distanzring aus einem bei Erwärmung rückstandsfrei verbrennendem Material, vorgesehen.Around the half shells to form the outer shell Joining together are different ways of designing the seams conceivable. As a particularly advantageous be versions as a seam or as flanged seam It may well be appropriate may, different seams of the outer shell are different to design. As a particularly suitable design is considered that between the input flanges Run seams as a seam and the remaining seams are designed as flanged seam. For the hemming seam are provided Bördelränder whose Width for mutual attachment preferably about 1 mm is. A larger width is possible, but not absolutely necessary. Another embodiment is that the beaded edge of a half-shell wider than the crimping edge of the other Half shell, wherein the supernatant of the broader bead preferably 1 mm to 1.5 mm. This Shape of the flanging edges is especially for certain connection methods, for example laser welding, to consider. The seam is out of itself overlapping edges are formed, their overlapping sections preferably about 4 mm. All seams the outer shell are welded. To ensure, that the air gap between the inner tube and the outer shell does not fall below a given distance, is between the inner tube and the outer shell at least one spacer, preferably one Spacer ring from a residue-free when heated burning material, provided.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt:
wobei nur die Fig. 1-4 die erfindung bertriffen

Fig. 1
eine Draufsicht auf einen luftspaltisolierten Abgaskrümmer, teilweise im Schnitt,
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt entlang der Linie II - II in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Einzelheit III in Fig. 2,
Fig. 4
eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Einzelheit IV in Fig. 2,
Fig. 5
eine nicht erfindungsgemässe Ausführungsvariante zu Fig. 1,
Fig. 6
einen Schnitt entlang der Linie VI - VI in Fig. 5,
Fig. 7
eine Ausführungsvariante zu Fig. 6,
Fig. 8
eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Einzelheit VIII in Fig. 7,
Fig. 9
eine weitere nicht erfindungsgemässe Ausführungsvariante zu Fig. 1.
Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. In the drawing shows:
wherein only Figs. 1-4 the invention intersected
Fig. 1
a top view of an air gap insulated exhaust manifold, partly in section,
Fig. 2
a section along the line II - II in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
an enlarged view of the detail III in Fig. 2,
Fig. 4
an enlarged view of the detail IV in Fig. 2,
Fig. 5
1 not according to the embodiment variant of FIG. 1,
Fig. 6
a section along the line VI - VI in Fig. 5,
Fig. 7
a variant of FIG. 6,
Fig. 8
an enlarged view of the detail VIII in Fig. 7,
Fig. 9
a further non-inventive embodiment of FIG. 1.

In Fig. 1 ist die Draufsicht auf einen Abgaskrümmer 1 gezeigt, der im wesentlichen aus einem das Abgas führenden Innenrohr 2 und einer Außenschale 3 sowie mehreren Eingangsflanschen 10, 11, 12 und einem Ausgangsflansch 5 besteht. Das Innenrohr 2 umfaßt ein Bogenstück 6, ein T-förmiges Mittelstück 7 und ein Y-förmiges Anschlußstück 8, wobei jedes der Stücke 6, 7 und 8 an einem der Eingangsflansche 10, 11, 12 angeschlossen und das Anschlußstück 8 mit einem daran angeformten Anschlußstutzen 9 in dem Ausgangsflansch 5 nach Art eines Schiebesitzes befestigt ist. Das Bogenstück 6 besitzt an seinem dem Eingangsflansch 10 entfernt liegenden Ende einen Verbindungsabschnitt 16, der in einen Hülsenabschnitt 17 des Mittelstückes 7 gesteckt und in diesem gegen die Außenseite des Innenrohres 2 anliegend, ggf. mit geringem Spiel, aufgenommen ist. Außerdem ist eine Verbindung zwischen dem Mittelstück 7 und dem Anschlußstück 8 vorgesehen, und zwar durch einen Verbindungsabschnitt 16'am Mittelstück 7 und einem Hülsenabschnitt 17' am Anschlußstück 8.In Fig. 1 is a plan view of an exhaust manifold 1, which essentially consists of the exhaust gas leading inner tube 2 and an outer shell 3 and a plurality of input flanges 10, 11, 12 and an output flange 5 exists. The inner tube 2 comprises a curved piece 6, a T-shaped center 7 and a Y-shaped Connector 8, wherein each of the pieces 6, 7 and 8 connected to one of the input flanges 10, 11, 12 and the connector 8 with a thereto molded connecting piece 9 in the output flange 5 is attached in the manner of a sliding seat. The Elbow 6 has at its the input flange 10 remote end a connecting portion 16, in a sleeve portion 17 of the middle piece. 7 inserted and in this against the outside of the inner tube 2 adjacent, possibly with little play, added is. There is also a connection between provided the middle piece 7 and the connecting piece 8, through a connection section 16'am Centerpiece 7 and a sleeve portion 17 'on the connector 8th.

Die Außenschale 3 besteht aus einer ersten Halbschale 14 und einer zweiten Halbschale 15, deren Ränder an Nähten 18, 19, 20 und 21 aneinander liegen und miteinander verschweißt sind. Dabei erstreckt sich die erste Naht 18 zwischen den Eingangsflanschen 10 und 11, die zweite Naht 19 zwischen den Eingangsflanschen 11 und 12, die dritte Naht 20 folgt in radialem Abstand der Kontur des Anschlußstückes 8 zwischen dem Eingangsflansch 12 und dem Ausgangsflansch 5 und die vierte Naht 21 verläuft in radialem Abstand des Innenrohres 2 von dem Eingangsflansch 10 zum Ausgangsflansch 5. Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, liegen die erste und zweite Naht 18, 19 in einer Ebene E nahe der Flanschebene, wobei der Verlauf der Nähte 18, 19 über einen Abschnitt 38 mindestens annähernd geradlinig ist und zu den Eingangsflanschen 10, 11, 12 hin in einem Bogen 13 mit großem Radius übergehen. Die jeweils äußeren Enden 29 der Bögen 13 bilden die Verbindung zu den Stücken 6, 7, 8 des Innenrohres 2, wobei der Abstand zwischen den Enden 29 mit L bezeichnet ist.The outer shell 3 consists of a first half-shell 14 and a second half-shell 15, the edges thereof at seams 18, 19, 20 and 21 abut each other and welded together. This extends the first seam 18 between the input flanges 10 and 11, the second seam 19 between the input flanges 11 and 12, the third seam 20 follows at a radial distance the contour of the connecting piece 8 between the input flange 12 and the output flange 5 and the fourth seam 21 extends at a radial distance of the inner tube 2 from the input flange 10 to the output flange 5. As can be seen from Fig. 1, are the first and second seam 18, 19 in a plane E near the Flange plane, wherein the course of the seams 18, 19 via a section 38 is at least approximately rectilinear and to the input flanges 10, 11, 12 out in a Pass over arch 13 with a large radius. The respectively outer ends 29 of the sheets 13 form the connection to the pieces 6, 7, 8 of the inner tube 2, wherein the Distance between the ends 29 is denoted by L.

Auf diese Weise ergibt sich eine Kastenform der Außenschale 3, bei welcher der Abstand der Außenschale zum Innenrohr 2 im Bereich zwischen den Nähten 18, 19 und dem Innenrohr 2 wesentlich größer ist als der Abstand der Nähte 20, 21 zum Innenrohr 2. Die das Innenrohr 2 bildenden Stücke 6, 7, 8 sind in den Öffnungen der Eingangsflansche 10, 11, 12 bzw. des Ausgangsflansches 5 aufgenommen. Die Ränder der Außenschale 3 können in die Öffnungen der Flansche eingeschweißt oder unmittelbar vor den Eingangsflanschen an das Innenrohr angeschweißt sein. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich ein abgeschlossener Raum 4 zur Luftspaltisolierung.In this way, a box shape of the outer shell results 3, in which the distance of the outer shell to the inner tube 2 in the area between the seams 18, 19 and the inner tube 2 is substantially larger than that Distance of the seams 20, 21 to the inner tube 2. The inner tube 2 forming pieces 6, 7, 8 are in the openings the input flanges 10, 11, 12 and the output flange 5 recorded. The edges of the outer shell 3 can be welded into the openings of the flanges or immediately in front of the entrance flanges welded to the inner tube. To this The result is a closed space 4 for air gap insulation.

Auf dem Innenrohr 2 befinden sich zwei in axialem Abstand angeordnete Ringe 30, 30', die aus einem Material bestehen, das sich bei entsprechender Erwärmung auflöst. Hierfür kommt als Werkstoff Polyethylen in Betracht, das rückstandsfrei verbrennt und keine Belastung für die Umwelt darstellt. Diese Ringe 30, 30' dienen als Distanzmittel zwischen dem Innenrohr 2 und der Außenschale 3, damit ein Mindestluftspalt zwischen diesen Teilen nicht unterschritten wird.On the inner tube 2 are two in axial Spaced rings 30, 30 'made of a material exist, which with appropriate warming dissolves. For this comes as a material polyethylene into consideration, which burns residue-free and no load represents the environment. These rings 30, 30 'serve as a spacer between the inner tube 2 and the Outer shell 3, hence a minimum air gap between these parts are not fallen below.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt einen Schnitt entlang der Linie II-II in Fig. 1, wobei aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit auf die Darstellung des Eingangsflansches und das in diesen eingeführte Ende des Bogenstückes verzichtet wurde. Aus Fig. 2 ist ersichtlich, daß die erste Halbschale 14 und die zweite Halbschale 15 nach außen gebogene Ränder 22, 22' und 23, 23' aufweisen, an denen die Halbschalen 14 und 15 spiegelsymmetrisch aneinander liegen. Die Ränder 22, 23 bzw. 22', 23' sind miteinander verschweißt und aufgrund der Form der Ränder sind die Nähte 18, 21 als Bördelnähte ausgebildet. Ebenso weisen die in Fig. 2 nicht dargestellten Nähte der Außenschale 3 die Form von Bördelnähten auf. Der Querschnitt der Außenschale 3 weist im wesentlichen die Form eines Tropfens auf, wobei die erste Naht 18 in einem wesentlich größeren Abstand zum Bogenstück 6 verläuft als die vierte Naht 21. Der Umschließungswinkel, über den die Kontur der Außenschale 3 in radial gleichbleibendem Abstand zum Innenrohr 6 verläuft, beträgt vorzugsweise ca. 230°.Fig. 2 shows a section along the line II-II in Fig. 1, wherein for reasons of clarity the representation of the input flange and in this introduced end of the elbow was omitted. From Fig. 2 it can be seen that the first half-shell 14 and the second half-shell 15 bent outward Edges 22, 22 'and 23, 23', in which the Half shells 14 and 15 mirror-symmetrically to each other lie. The edges 22, 23 and 22 ', 23' are interconnected welded and due to the shape of the edges are the Seams 18, 21 formed as flanged seams. Likewise the seams of the outer shell, not shown in Fig. 2 3 the shape of flanged seams on. The cross section the outer shell 3 has substantially the Shape of a drop, wherein the first seam 18 in a much greater distance to the elbow 6 runs as the fourth seam 21. The wrap angle, over the the contour of the outer shell 3 in radial the same distance to the inner tube 6, is preferably about 230 °.

Die Fig. 3 und 4 zeigen jeweils vergrößerte Darstellungen der Verbindungsbereiche der Halbschalen 14 und 15, woraus die Kontur der Ränder 22, 23 bzw. 22', 23' und die Gestalt der Bördelnaht deutlich wird. Es ist ersichtlich, daß die Breite B der Bördelränder zur gegenseitigen Anlage lediglich gering zu sein braucht, eine Breite B von ca. 1 mm wird als ausreichend angesehen, sie kann jedoch konstruktionsbedingt auch größer ausgeführt werden. Alternativ dazu kann auch eine Ausführung vorgesehen werden, bei welcher der Bördelrand einer Halbschale breiter ausgeführt ist als der Bördelrand der anderen Halbschale, wobei der Überstand des breiteren Bördelrandes vorzugsweise 1 mm bis 1,5 mm beträgt. Für die Verbindung der Halbschalen 14, 15 mittels Laserschweißen ist diese Ausführung besonders geeignet.Figs. 3 and 4 show enlarged views, respectively the connecting portions of the half-shells 14th and 15, from which the contour of the edges 22, 23 or 22 ', 23 'and the shape of the flanged seam becomes clear. It is it can be seen that the width B of the flanged edges to the mutual Plant needs to be low, one Width B of about 1 mm is considered sufficient However, it can also be larger due to the design be executed. Alternatively, an execution be provided, in which the flanged edge a half-shell is made wider than the bead the other half shell, with the supernatant the wider beading preferably 1 mm to 1.5 mm. For the connection of the half-shells 14, 15 By laser welding, this design is special suitable.

Die Fig. 5 zeigt eine Ausführungsvariante zu Fig. 1, bei der die Außenschale 3 aus zwei Halbschalen 24 und 25 gebildet ist, deren erste Naht 26 und zweite Naht 27 in einem Bogen 28 unterschiedlicher Krümmung verläuft. Dabei wird die Form aus einem mittleren Abschnitt 35 mit großem Krümmungsradius und seitlich daran anschließenden Abschnitten 36 mit etwas geringerem Radius gebildet, wobei das äußere Ende 34 der Abschnitte 36 in eine Schweißnaht an den Enden des Bogenstükkes 6 des Mittelstückes 7 und des Anschlußstückes 8, die in die Öffnungen der Eingangsflansche 10, 11, 12 geführt sind, übergehen. Die Enden 34 des Bogens 28 sind somit ebenfalls in einem Abstand L zueinander angeordnet. Durch diese Form ist der Abstand der Nähte 26 und 27 zum Innenrohr 2 nicht so groß wie im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1, aber noch deutlich größer als der Abstand zwischen der Naht 21 und dem Innenrohr 2, wie dies aus der Darstellung in Fig. 6 hervorgeht. Im übrigen stimmt die Ausführung der Fig. 5 mit derjenigen der Fig. 1 überein; dies betrifft auch die Bezugszeichen für gleiche Teile.5 shows a variant embodiment of FIG. 1, in which the outer shell 3 of two half-shells 24 and 25 is formed, the first seam 26 and second seam 27th extends in a curve 28 of different curvature. The shape becomes a middle section 35 with large radius of curvature and laterally adjoining Sections 36 with a slightly smaller radius formed, wherein the outer end 34 of the sections 36 in a weld at the ends of Bogenstükkes 6 of the middle piece 7 and the connecting piece 8, in the openings of the input flanges 10, 11, 12th are guided, pass over. The ends 34 of the bow 28th are thus also arranged at a distance L from each other. This shape is the distance of the seams 26 and 27 to the inner tube 2 is not as large as in the embodiment of Fig. 1, but still significantly larger as the distance between the seam 21 and the inner tube 2, as can be seen from the illustration in FIG. Otherwise, the embodiment of FIG. 5 agrees with that of Figure 1 match; this also applies to the reference numerals for the same parts.

Die Fig. 6 zeigt einen Schnitt entlang der Linie VI-VI in Fig. 5, wobei ebenso wie in Fig. 2 auf eine Darstellung des Eingangsflansches und des daran angeschlossenen Innenrohrabschnitts verzichtet wurde. Aus Fig. 6 wird deutlich, daß die zweite Naht 27 als Stecknaht ausgebildet ist, bei der ein Rand 31 der ersten Halbschale 24 und ein Rand 32 der zweiten Halbschale 25 ineinander greifen. Die vierte Naht 21 entspricht bezüglich ihrer Form der zu Fig. 2 beschriebenen Bördelnaht. Zwischen dem Innenrohr 2 und der Außenschale 3 ist der Ring 30' angeordnet.Fig. 6 shows a section along the line VI-VI in Fig. 5, wherein as well as in Fig. 2 to a representation the input flange and the connected Inner tube section was omitted. From Fig. 6 It is clear that the second seam 27 formed as a sock is at the one edge 31 of the first half-shell 24 and an edge 32 of the second half-shell 25 into each other to grab. The fourth seam 21 corresponds with respect to their Shape of the flanging seam described for Fig. 2. Between the inner tube 2 and the outer shell 3 is the ring 30 ' arranged.

Die Fig. 7 zeigt eine Ausführungsvariante zu Fig. 6, bei der auch die der zweiten Naht 27 gegenüberliegende vierte Naht 33 als Stecknaht ausgebildet ist, so daß die Ränder der Halbschalen 24 und 25 nach Art einer Hutschachtel ineinandergreifen. In Fig. 8 ist die Einzelheit VIII der Fig. 7 vergrößert dargestellt, woraus ersichtlich ist, daß die sich überlappenden Ränder 31 und 32 der Halbschalen 24, 25 durch eine Schweißnaht 37 miteinander verbunden sind, wobei ein Überlappungsabschnitt A gebildet ist, der vorzugsweise ca. 4 mm beträgt.FIG. 7 shows a variant embodiment of FIG. 6, in which also the second seam 27 opposite fourth seam 33 is formed as a seam, so that the edges of the half-shells 24 and 25 in the manner of a Mesh hat box. In Fig. 8 is the detail VIII of FIG. 7 is shown enlarged, from which it can be seen is that the overlapping edges 31 and 32 the half-shells 24, 25 by a weld 37 with each other are connected, wherein an overlap section A is formed, which is preferably about 4 mm.

Die Fig. 9 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsvariante zu Fig. 1, bei der die Kontur der ersten und zweiten Nähte 39 und 40 einem Bogen 41 gleichmäßiger Krümmung entspricht, dessen Enden 42 am Innenrohr 2 befestigt sind. Dabei beträgt der Radius des Bogens 41 etwa das 0,6-fache des Abstandes L zwischen den Enden 42, der Nähte 39, 40 bzw. des Bogens 41. Im übrigen stimmt diese Ausführung mit derjenigen der Fig. 5 überein, dies gilt auch für die Bezugszeichen für gleiche Teile.Fig. 9 shows a further embodiment to Fig. 1, wherein the contour of the first and second seams 39 and 40 a bow 41 of uniform curvature corresponds, the ends 42 attached to the inner tube 2 are. The radius of the arc 41 is approximately the same 0.6 times the distance L between the ends 42, the Seams 39, 40 and the bow 41. For the rest, true this embodiment with that of FIG. 5, this also applies to the reference numerals for the same parts.

Claims (2)

  1. An exhaust manifold (1) for an internal combustion engine having an inner pipe (2) and an outer shell (3) which encompasses the inner pipe at a distance therefrom, and having at least two inlet flanges (10, 11, 12) positioned a certain distance apart from one another which can be fixed to a cylinder head for connecting the inner pipe to at least two cylinder outlet passages of the internal combustion engine positioned at a certain distance and an outlet flange (5) fixed to the inner pipe (2) for connecting an exhaust pipe, the outer shell (3) comprising at least two shell parts which are connected together at their edges (22, 23; 31, 32) and enclosing the ends of the inner pipe (2) which are inserted into the flange means, there being a space (4) formed for air gap insulation between the inner pipe (2) and the outer shell (3) and the outer shell (3) being formed of two half shells (13, 14) which feature several seams (18 to 21),
    characterised in that
    the seams (18, 19) run between two neighbouring inlet flanges, these seams (18, 19) being further from the inner pipe (2) than the other seams (20, 21), in that in a plane lying between the inlet flanges (10, 11, 12) and orthogonal to them the outer shell (3) has roughly the form of a droplet and in that a seam (18, 19) on the outer shell (3) running between the inlet flanges (10, 11, 12) has a contour which, in essence, comprises a straight section (38) lying in a parallel plane (E) near the input flanges (10, 11, 12) resulting in a box shape of the outer shell (3) in which the distance from the outer shell to the inner pipe (2) in the area between seams (18, 19), which run between two neighbouring input flanges, to the inner pipe (2) is, in essence, greater than the distance to the other seams (20, 21).
  2. An exhaust manifold in accordance with Claim 1,
    characterised in that
    lateral curves (13) adjoin the straight section (38), the outer ends thereof (29) being connected to the inner pipe (2).
EP96100965A 1995-03-29 1996-01-24 Exhaust collector for an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0735251B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19511514A DE19511514C1 (en) 1995-03-29 1995-03-29 Exhaust manifold for IC engine
DE19511514 1995-03-29

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EP0735251B1 EP0735251B1 (en) 1998-12-02
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EP0735251A1 (en) 1996-10-02
DE59600885D1 (en) 1999-01-14
DE19511514C1 (en) 1996-08-01
EP0735251B1 (en) 1998-12-02
US5682741A (en) 1997-11-04

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