EP0726383B1 - Injection anchor for tunnels and trenches - Google Patents
Injection anchor for tunnels and trenches Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0726383B1 EP0726383B1 EP96101053A EP96101053A EP0726383B1 EP 0726383 B1 EP0726383 B1 EP 0726383B1 EP 96101053 A EP96101053 A EP 96101053A EP 96101053 A EP96101053 A EP 96101053A EP 0726383 B1 EP0726383 B1 EP 0726383B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- reinforcing elements
- elements
- ground
- tunnels
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002990 reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/80—Ground anchors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/028—Devices or accesories for injecting a grouting liquid in a bore-hole
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
- E21D9/0671—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end with means for consolidating the rock in front of the shield by injection of consolidating substances through boreholes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for consolidating and stabilizing ground, to preventing collapse or deformation of the ground during excavation of tunnels or trenches.
- a device having the features as set forth in the preamble portion of claim 1 is known for example from FR-A-2,101,916.
- the boreholes are then filled with cement mortar, which acts as a binding and retaining element.
- the small area of contact between the tube and the cement mortar and the low adhesion coefficient of the tube surface do not allow the resistance of the reinforcement to be transmitted completely to the ground, thus leaving it partly unused.
- the aim of the present invention is to overcome all the disadvantages listed above, providing a device for stabilizing the excavation or working face and preventing landslides or deformation of the ground in tunnels or trenches, which ensures that the reinforcement is highly resistant.
- Another aim of the invention is to allow the high tensile strength of the reinforcement to be transmitted to the injection mixture even over very short lengths.
- Yet another aim of the invention is to guarantee complete and uniform distribution of the cement mixture inside the borehole by means of a plastic tube, advantageously with valves.
- Yet another aim of the invention is to guarantee the possibility of inserting reinforcements of any length, even in very small spaces and without transport problems, with no breaks or falls in the strength of the reinforcements along the entire borehole.
- It comprises a plurality of strong elements, made from glass fibres impregnated with synthetic resins (fibreglass-reinforced plastic) mounted by means of centering spacers around a plastic injection tube, preferably a valved tube.
- the device is kept perfectly centered in the injection mixture by means of centering spacers; in this way the surfaces of the reinforcement, advantageously consisting of fiberglass-reinforced plastic straps, are completely surrounded by the cement, and a possible surface treatment of the straps with quartz sand allows a complete bond between reinforcement and injected mixture, thus allowing the reinforcement's strengthening capacity to be completely transmitted to the ground.
- the reinforcement advantageously consisting of fiberglass-reinforced plastic straps
- the strengthening elements of the device that is the straps, can be rolled for transport, and the device itself can be assembled directly near the borehole, allowing continuous reinforcements to be made, without any break in strength, with a length of the order of a hundred metres.
- Structural elements 4 are inserted in the ground 3 and in the front 1, in order to consolidate the ground.
- the structural elements inserted in the excavation front 1 serve as reinforcements for consolidation and stabilization of the ground, so as to prevent landslides or deformation of the ground during excavation of the tunnel.
- the structural elements 4 for consolidation of the front 1 consist of a device comprising a tube 5 which in the figures is shown as a tube with valves around which a plurality of fiberglass straps 7 (three in the example) are positioned by means of centering spacers 6.
- the centering spacers 6 are put on the tube 5, whilst the strong fiberglass straps 7 are fitted outside them and fixed to them by means of fastening elements 8 consisting, for example, of a metal band or a binding of fiberglass reinforced adhesive tape.
- the tube 5 is provided with "manchette" valves 10 (i.e. valves comprising an elastic annular band around a perforated portion of the tube) which, as is known, when subjected to pressure within the tube 5, allow the injection mixture to escape through the holes 11 (see Figure 4), completely surrounding the straps 7 and completely filling the borehole 20 in which the device is inserted.
- "manchette" valves 10 i.e. valves comprising an elastic annular band around a perforated portion of the tube
- a quartz sand coating is advantageously applied to the surface of said straps, making it possible to obtain a very high friction coefficient and a good chemical compatibility with the injection mixtures.
- the device according to the invention also has the peculiarity of being able to be assembled easily near the borehole.
- the fiberglass straps 7 can be rolled in the desired length with an external diameter of less than 2.30 metres, whilst the tubes 5, manufactured in the desired lengths, have threaded ends 30 and are complete with coupling sleeves 31, threaded on the inside.
- FIG. 6 shows a possible variant embodiment in which the straps 7 are replaced by round bars 7', which may be held together by outer bands 8.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- A device for reinforcement, consolidation and stabilization of the ground, particularly to prevent landslides or deformations of the excavation front in tunnels or trenches, comprising an injection tube (5) for injecting cement mortar, said tube to be inserted in a respective borehole (20) in the ground (3), characterized in that it has a plurality of reinforcing elements (7, 7') mounted by means of centering spacers (6) around said tube (5) and possibly held together by external fastening elements (8).
- A device according to claim 1, characterized in that said reinforcing elements (7, 7') are made of fiberglass.
- A device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said reinforcing elements (7, 7') have their outer surface treated with a coating of quartz sand.
- A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said reinforcing elements (7, 7') are made of aramidic fibre, carbon fibre, polyvinyl alcohol fibre and the like.
- A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said tube (5) has an open front end (23) where a cone-shaped guide cap (24) is provided.
- A device according to any one of the previous claims, characterized in that said tube is a valved tube (5), provided with manchette valves for localized injections.
- A device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that said reinforcing elements (7) are continuous straps.
- A device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said reinforcing elements (7') are continuous round bars.
- A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said tube (5) is manufactured in elements that can be joined together by means of coupling sleeves (31) that can be screwed on terminal threads (30) of said tube elements.
- A device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that said retaining elements (8) holding the reinforcing elements (7, 7') consist of metal bands, binding with fiberglass reinforced adhesive tape and the like.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITMI950235 | 1995-02-09 | ||
ITMI950235A IT1275231B (en) | 1995-02-09 | 1995-02-09 | DEVICE FOR REINFORCEMENT THE CONSOLIDATION AND STABILIZATION OF THE LAND PARTICULARLY SUITABLE FOR PREVENTING LANDSLIDES OR DEFORMATIONS OF THE EXCAVATION FRONT IN GALLERIES OR EXCAVATIONS IN THE TRENCH |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0726383A1 EP0726383A1 (en) | 1996-08-14 |
EP0726383B1 true EP0726383B1 (en) | 1998-01-21 |
EP0726383B2 EP0726383B2 (en) | 2002-03-20 |
Family
ID=11370485
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96101053A Expired - Lifetime EP0726383B2 (en) | 1995-02-09 | 1996-01-25 | Injection anchor for tunnels and trenches |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0726383B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE162593T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69600147T3 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1275231B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0945553A1 (en) | 1998-03-25 | 1999-09-29 | Wolfgang Habe | Apparatus for stabilising a wall body |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100715237B1 (en) | 2003-10-10 | 2007-05-10 | 정성필 | Nailing device |
CN102155234B (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2012-12-26 | 中铁上海设计院集团有限公司 | Excavation construction method for unsymmetrical small-space tunnel |
WO2014147623A1 (en) | 2013-03-20 | 2014-09-25 | Lipsker & Co. Engineering Services (1975) Ltd. | Ground anchor system and method |
ITMI20131116A1 (en) | 2013-07-03 | 2015-01-04 | Sireg S P A | VALVE PIPE WITH BUCKETS IN BIODEGRADABLE BIOPLASTIC |
JP6263979B2 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2018-01-24 | 株式会社大林組 | Natural mountain reinforcement and natural mountain reinforcement structure |
CN113047864A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-29 | 上海应用技术大学 | Deep thick and soft surrounding rock roadway girth fusion supporting method |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2041526C3 (en) * | 1970-08-21 | 1980-06-04 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag, 8000 Muenchen | Tension member for a grouting anchor |
FR2423591A1 (en) * | 1978-04-18 | 1979-11-16 | Sif Entreprise Bachy | IMPROVEMENTS TO THE REALIZATION OF ANCHOR TIE RODS |
FR2467532A1 (en) * | 1979-10-25 | 1981-04-30 | Tokyo Chika Koji Kk | Lance for soil stabilisation - has chamber to mix two separately fed chemicals, with radial bores leading to casing barrel groove locating rubber sleeve |
DE3507732A1 (en) * | 1985-03-05 | 1986-09-18 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München | TIE LINK FOR A ROCK BOLT OR THE LIKE |
DE3536998C1 (en) * | 1985-10-17 | 1986-11-06 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Injection rod |
AT392501B (en) * | 1988-12-06 | 1991-04-25 | Mayreder Kraus & Co Ing | Method of increasing the stability of plastic, clayey- silty ground |
FR2643096B1 (en) * | 1989-02-14 | 1991-05-10 | Soletanche | ANCHOR TIE |
DE9004177U1 (en) * | 1990-04-11 | 1990-06-28 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Injection drilling anchor |
-
1995
- 1995-02-09 IT ITMI950235A patent/IT1275231B/en active IP Right Grant
-
1996
- 1996-01-25 EP EP96101053A patent/EP0726383B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-25 DE DE69600147T patent/DE69600147T3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-01-25 AT AT96101053T patent/ATE162593T1/en active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0945553A1 (en) | 1998-03-25 | 1999-09-29 | Wolfgang Habe | Apparatus for stabilising a wall body |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69600147T2 (en) | 1998-07-02 |
ITMI950235A1 (en) | 1996-08-09 |
EP0726383A1 (en) | 1996-08-14 |
DE69600147D1 (en) | 1998-02-26 |
ITMI950235A0 (en) | 1995-02-09 |
EP0726383B2 (en) | 2002-03-20 |
DE69600147T3 (en) | 2003-02-06 |
ATE162593T1 (en) | 1998-02-15 |
IT1275231B (en) | 1997-07-31 |
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