EP0723815B1 - Spray device for coating material - Google Patents

Spray device for coating material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0723815B1
EP0723815B1 EP95118742A EP95118742A EP0723815B1 EP 0723815 B1 EP0723815 B1 EP 0723815B1 EP 95118742 A EP95118742 A EP 95118742A EP 95118742 A EP95118742 A EP 95118742A EP 0723815 B1 EP0723815 B1 EP 0723815B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
powder
coating
electrode
pressurised
spray
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95118742A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0723815A2 (en
EP0723815A3 (en
Inventor
Eugen Thomas Dr. Bühlmann
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Gema Switzerland GmbH
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Gema Switzerland GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0723815A2 publication Critical patent/EP0723815A2/en
Publication of EP0723815A3 publication Critical patent/EP0723815A3/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/03Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by the use of gas, e.g. electrostatically assisted pneumatic spraying
    • B05B5/032Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by the use of gas, e.g. electrostatically assisted pneumatic spraying for spraying particulate materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/053Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
    • B05B5/0533Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B05B1/04Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape in flat form, e.g. fan-like, sheet-like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a powder spray device and a process for coating powder for spray coating Articles according to the preambles of claims 1 and 9.
  • DE-A-28 37 428 shows a coating powder electrostatic spray device with a cross section round powder spray nozzle opening and with one each High-voltage electrode in two compressed air outlet openings that run converging to each other in the powder flow direction.
  • DE-A-23 25 989 describes a coating powder Flat jet nozzle.
  • US-A-3,952,951 shows a spray device with a circular spray nozzle for liquid or powdery Coating material. It creates a circular Spray jet created by "shaping air" from two diametrically opposite horns of the spray nozzle is flattened (therefore sometimes also called horn air) to form a flattened spray. It is still further downstream radially outside of the flat spray in another Airflow a high voltage electrode for electronic Charging the spray jet arranged.
  • a spray device for Spray coating objects with coating powder known, which has a powder channel, the Cross section at the downstream end except for the Diameter of a spray opening reduced conically is.
  • the spray opening has the shape of a slot Generation of a flat spray.
  • the central axis the spray opening is aligned with the central axis of the Powder channel.
  • the compressed air has the job of powder particles to keep away from the electrode and electrical charges from the electrode into the coating powder transfer.
  • This known spray device has one good coating efficiency and produces good Coating qualities.
  • there is sometimes Risk of powder on the crossbars of the Electrode holder accumulates and such Powder accumulations towards this from time to time coating object to be sprayed and there small coating blemishes.
  • the in Powder flow center arranged electrode and it flowing stream of compressed air and the electrode holder sometimes cause the sprayed to split Powder stream on two finger-like or leaf-shaped Partial beams.
  • a spray device for electrostatic spray coating of objects with known liquid coating material which a Spray nozzle and two compressed air duct openings, each with a high-voltage electrode arranged therein having.
  • the two compressed air duct openings are downstream of the spray orifice and with respect to the Center axis of the spray opening diametrically opposite each other opposite on the edge of the atomized Coating material stream arranged.
  • the electrodes stand a little out of the compressed air duct openings Piece out.
  • the electrodes do the job sprayed liquid coating material charge electrostatically.
  • the one washing around them Compressed air flow has two tasks, the initial one cylindrical stream of atomized Form coating material into a flat jet and coating material from the electrodes keep away. There are these types of spray devices only for liquid coating material, not for Coating powder.
  • Both types of spray coating devices can trained as a spray gun with a handle or to be attached to a machine support.
  • the object of the invention is to be achieved to create a way by which a better Coating efficiency (less loss of sprayed coating material) and at the same time a better coating quality is achieved.
  • the invention surprisingly found that with reference to EP-B-0 236 795 not just powder deposits upstream of the Spray nozzle to be avoided, but that at the same time better efficiency (less loss of sprayed powder) is achieved when a High voltage electrode only on one side of the Coating material beam is arranged.
  • a single electrode can be a group of Electrodes on only one side of the Coating material stream are arranged, wherein however, when using multiple electrodes one mutual adverse influence can occur. For this reason, the preferred one Embodiment of the invention in the use of only a single electrode.
  • an improvement of the Efficiency up to almost 10% can be achieved (10% reached more sprayed coating powder and adhered to the object to be coated).
  • Embodiments of spray devices for Spray coating objects with coating powder are according to FIGS. 1, 4, 6 and 8 with 2.1, 2.4, 2.6 and 2.8 designated.
  • a device body 1 which is preferably made of Plastic is made. Through it leads axially to one central central axis 4 a material channel 6 for the Coating powder, its downstream End section 8 to a slot-shaped spray opening 10 is continuously smaller, in longitudinal section seen preferably arcuate with a radius R.
  • the slot-shaped spray opening 10 is symmetrical to Center axis 4 arranged.
  • the spray opening 10 can consist of a large number of individual openings.
  • the slot-shaped spray opening 10 has in all Embodiments a length 12 that is many times is larger than its width 14, each rectangular measured to each other and perpendicular to the central axis 4.
  • each Compressed air channels 16 and 17 there are at least two Compressed air channels 16 and 17 are provided, their downstream Channel openings 18 and 19 (opening edges) with With respect to the central axis 4 diametrically at a distance from each other and at a radial distance from the Central axis 4 are arranged.
  • these channel openings 18 and 19 in Fig. 1 in one flattened at right angles to the central axis 4 downstream outer end face 20.1 right next to it or just a few millimeters radially outside the Spray opening 10, which is in the center of this end face 20.1 lies; in Fig.
  • each one Form transverse edge 22 of spray opening 10 which is central in a hemispherical downstream exterior End face 20.4 is and around their entire Extends semicircle; in Fig. 6 in a hemispherical round downstream outer End face 20.6 with respect to the central axis 4 radially and with respect to the longitudinal edges 23 of the spray opening 10 each laterally offset laterally outside of this Spray opening 10, which is central in this end face 20.6 is formed; and in Fig. 8 each in one of the two Longitudinal edges 23 of the spray opening 10.
  • a high voltage electrode 26 is arranged.
  • the Electrode 26 is by a not shown electrical line, which is characterized by its Compressed air duct 16 extends through with a also electrical not shown High voltage generator is connected, and receives from it a high voltage in the range of 10,000 volts to 140,000 volts.
  • the electrode tip of the electrode 26 can within the channel opening 18, in the plane of their Opening edge or short upstream or short be arranged downstream thereof.
  • the compressed air flow in the with a Prevents compressed air duct 16 providing electrode 26, that powder particles adhere to the electrode 26.
  • the Compressed air flow of these compressed air channels 16 and Electron wind of the electrode 26 direct the Coating material flow a little bit.
  • the electrode 26 radially outside the Spray material coating material stream 10.
  • Die Compressed air duct outlet openings 18 and 19 are oblique against the central axis 4 and in Direction of coating material flow, so that their compressed air on the atomized powder stream downstream of the spray opening 10 and from it is deflected in the flow direction of the powder stream.
  • the annular surface 30 is symmetrical to the central axis 4 arranged at a cone angle 34.
  • the cross edges 22 of the spray opening 10 extend to the Embodiments according to FIGS. 4 to 9 at right angles to the central axis 4, while in the embodiment 1 to 3 in the coating material flow direction at an angle 40 away from each other diverge, according to Fig. 3 Powder flow in the spray opening 10 symmetrical to Center axis 4 pulled apart.
  • the compressed air channels 16 and 17 and their outlet openings 18 and 19 are preferably circular cylindrical Holes.
  • the device body 1 in cross section a circular shape.
  • the device body 1 in cross section a circular shape.
  • the device body 1 on a base body for example a hand spray gun or a machine-controlled Spray gun to be attached, preferably interchangeable, through which the coating material and the electrode high voltage are supplied.
  • Coating material coating powder used as Coating material coating powder used.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)

Abstract

The plastic body (1) incorporates two compressed-air ducts (16, 17) leading to outlets (18, 19) on opposite sides of the central slot (10) through which the coating powder is ejected. A high-voltage electrode (26) is installed in one outlet (18) only. The blast from the other outlet (19) is directed into the stream of powder so as to counteract any deflection by the blast surrounding the electrode. For best results, the nozzle has a flattened face (20.1) at the end of a conical frustum (30) centred on the axis (4).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Pulversprühvorrichtung und ein -verfahren für Beschichtungspulver zum Sprühbeschichten von Gegenständen gemäß den Oberbegriffen der Ansprüche 1 und 9.The invention relates to a powder spray device and a process for coating powder for spray coating Articles according to the preambles of claims 1 and 9.

Solche Pulversprühvorrichtungen und -verfahren sind aus der EP-B-0 236 795 bekannt.Such powder spraying devices and processes are known from the EP-B-0 236 795 known.

Die DE-A-28 37 428 zeigt für Beschichtungspulver eine elektrostatische Sprühvorrichtung mit einer im Querschnitt runden Pulver-Sprühdüsenöffnung und mit je einer Hochspannungs-Elektrode in zwei Druckluft-Auslaßöffnungen, die in Pulverströmungsrichtung konvergierend zueinander verlaufen. Die DE-A-23 25 989 beschreibt für Beschichtungspulver eine Flachstrahldüse.DE-A-28 37 428 shows a coating powder electrostatic spray device with a cross section round powder spray nozzle opening and with one each High-voltage electrode in two compressed air outlet openings that run converging to each other in the powder flow direction. DE-A-23 25 989 describes a coating powder Flat jet nozzle.

Die US-A-3,952,951 zeigt eine Sprühvorrichtung mit einer kreisrunden Sprühdüse für flüssiges oder pulverförmiges Beschichtungsmaterial. Sie erzeugt einen kreisrunden Sprühstrahl, der durch "Formungsluft" aus zwei diametral gegenüberliegenden Hörnern der Sprühdüse flachgedrückt wird (deshalb teilweise auch Hörnerluft genannt) zur Bildung eines abgeflachten Sprühstrahles. Noch weiter stromabwärts davon ist radial außerhalb des flachen Sprühstrahles in einem weiteren Luftstrom eine Hochspannungselektrode zur elektronischen Aufladung des Sprühstrahles angeordnet. US-A-3,952,951 shows a spray device with a circular spray nozzle for liquid or powdery Coating material. It creates a circular Spray jet created by "shaping air" from two diametrically opposite horns of the spray nozzle is flattened (therefore sometimes also called horn air) to form a flattened spray. It is still further downstream radially outside of the flat spray in another Airflow a high voltage electrode for electronic Charging the spray jet arranged.

Aus der EP-B-0 236 795 ist eine Sprühvorrichtung zum Sprühbeschichten von Objekten mit Beschichtungspulver bekannt, welche einen Pulverkanal aufweist, dessen Querschnitt am stromabwärtigen Ende bis auf den Durchmesser einer Sprühöffnung kegelförmig reduziert ist. Die Sprühöffnung hat die Form eines Schlitzes zur Erzeugung eines flachen Sprühstrahles. Die Mittelachse der Sprühöffnung fluchtet mit der Mittelachse des Pulverkanals. Im Pulverkanal befindet sich axial ein rohrförmiger Elektrodenhalter, welcher über Querstege an der Wand des Pulverkanals befestigt ist. Durch den Elektrodenhalter führt axial ein Druckluftkanal, in dessen stromabwärtigen Ende eine Hochspannungselektrode zur elektrischen Aufladung des Beschichtungspulvers angeordnet ist. Die Elektrode wird von der Druckluft umströmt. Die Druckluft hat die Aufgabe, Pulverpartikel von der Elektrode abzuhalten und elektrische Ladungen von der Elektrode in das Beschichtungspulver zu übertragen. Diese bekannte Sprühvorrichtung hat einen guten Beschichtungs-Wirkungsgrad und erzeugt gute Beschichtungsqualitäten. Es besteht jedoch manchmal die Gefahr, daß sich Pulver an den Querstegen des Elektrodenhalters ansammelt und solche Pulveransammlungen von Zeit zu Zeit auf das zu beschichtende Objekt gesprüht werden und dort zu kleinen Beschichtungs-Schönheitsfehlern führen. Die im Pulverstromzentrum angeordnete Elektrode und der sie umspülende Druckluftstrom sowie der Elektrodenhalter bewirken manchmal eine Aufteilung des versprühten Pulverstromes auf zwei fingerartige oder blattförmige Teilstrahlen. From EP-B-0 236 795 a spray device for Spray coating objects with coating powder known, which has a powder channel, the Cross section at the downstream end except for the Diameter of a spray opening reduced conically is. The spray opening has the shape of a slot Generation of a flat spray. The central axis the spray opening is aligned with the central axis of the Powder channel. There is an axial one in the powder channel tubular electrode holder, which cross bars is attached to the wall of the powder channel. By the Electrode holder axially guides a compressed air duct in a downstream high-voltage electrode for electrically charging the coating powder is arranged. The electrode is from the compressed air flows around. The compressed air has the job of powder particles to keep away from the electrode and electrical charges from the electrode into the coating powder transfer. This known spray device has one good coating efficiency and produces good Coating qualities. However, there is sometimes Risk of powder on the crossbars of the Electrode holder accumulates and such Powder accumulations towards this from time to time coating object to be sprayed and there small coating blemishes. The in Powder flow center arranged electrode and it flowing stream of compressed air and the electrode holder sometimes cause the sprayed to split Powder stream on two finger-like or leaf-shaped Partial beams.

Aus der DE-B-24 46 022 ist eine Sprühvorrichtung zum elektrostatischen Sprühbeschichten von Objekten mit flüssigem Beschichtungsmaterial bekannt, welche eine Sprühdüse und zwei Druckluftkanal-Öffnungen mit je einer darin angeordneten Hochspannungselektrode aufweist. Die beiden Druckluftkanal-Öffnungen sind stromabwärts der Sprühöffnung und mit Bezug auf die Mittelachse der Sprühöffnung einander diametral gegenüberliegend am Rand des zerstäubten Beschichtungsmaterialstromes angeordnet. Die Elektroden stehen aus den Druckluftkanalöffnungen ein kleines Stück heraus. Die Elektroden haben die Aufgabe, das versprühte flüssige Beschichtungsmaterial elektrostatisch aufzuladen. Der sie umspülende Druckluftstrom hat zwei Aufgaben, nämlich den anfangs zylindrischen Strom von zerstäubtem Beschichtungsmaterial in einen Flachstrahl umzuformen und Beschichtungsmaterial von den Elektroden fernzuhalten. Diese Art von Sprühvorrichtungen gibt es nur für flüssiges Beschichtungsmaterial, nicht für Beschichtungspulver.From DE-B-24 46 022 a spray device for electrostatic spray coating of objects with known liquid coating material, which a Spray nozzle and two compressed air duct openings, each with a high-voltage electrode arranged therein having. The two compressed air duct openings are downstream of the spray orifice and with respect to the Center axis of the spray opening diametrically opposite each other opposite on the edge of the atomized Coating material stream arranged. The electrodes stand a little out of the compressed air duct openings Piece out. The electrodes do the job sprayed liquid coating material charge electrostatically. The one washing around them Compressed air flow has two tasks, the initial one cylindrical stream of atomized Form coating material into a flat jet and coating material from the electrodes keep away. There are these types of spray devices only for liquid coating material, not for Coating powder.

Beide Arten von Sprühbeschichtungsvorrichtungen können als Sprühpistole mit einem Handgriff ausgebildet oder an einem Maschinenträger befestigt werden.Both types of spray coating devices can trained as a spray gun with a handle or to be attached to a machine support.

Durch die Erfindung soll die Aufgabe gelöst werden, eine Möglichkeit zu schaffen, durch welche ein besserer Beschichtungs-Wirkungsgrad (weniger Verlust von versprühtem Beschichtungsmaterial) und gleichzeitig eine bessere Beschichtungsqualität erreicht wird.The object of the invention is to be achieved to create a way by which a better Coating efficiency (less loss of sprayed coating material) and at the same time a better coating quality is achieved.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 und die Verfahrensschritte des Anspruchs 9 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1 and the method steps of claim 9.

Weitere Merkmale und vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen enthalten.Further features and advantageous embodiments of the Invention are contained in the subclaims.

Durch die Erfindung wurde überraschenderweise festgestellt, daß mit Bezug auf die EP-B-0 236 795 nicht nur Pulverablagerungen stromaufwärts der Sprühdüse vermieden werden, sondern daß gleichzeitig ein besserer Wirkungsgrad (weniger Verlust an versprühtem Pulver) erzielt wird, wenn eine Hochspannungs-Elektrode nur auf einer Seite des Beschichtungsmaterialstrahles angeordnet wird. Anstelle einer einzigen Elektrode kann eine Gruppe von Elektroden auf nur einer Seite des Beschichtungsmaterialstromes angeordnet werden, wobei jedoch bei Verwendung von mehreren Elektroden eine gegenseitige nachteilige Beeinflussung auftreten kann. Aus diesem Grunde besteht die bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung in der Verwendung von nur einer einzigen Elektrode. Bei Versuchen mit nur einer einzigen Elektrode, welche auf nur einer Seite des Pulverstromes angeordnet wurde, konnte mit Beschichtungspulver eine Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrades bis zu nahezu 10% erreicht werden (10% mehr versprühtes Beschichtungspulver erreichte und haftete auf dem zu beschichtenden Objekt). The invention surprisingly found that with reference to EP-B-0 236 795 not just powder deposits upstream of the Spray nozzle to be avoided, but that at the same time better efficiency (less loss of sprayed powder) is achieved when a High voltage electrode only on one side of the Coating material beam is arranged. Instead of a single electrode can be a group of Electrodes on only one side of the Coating material stream are arranged, wherein however, when using multiple electrodes one mutual adverse influence can occur. For this reason, the preferred one Embodiment of the invention in the use of only a single electrode. When trying with only one single electrode, which is on only one side of the Powder stream could be arranged with Coating powder an improvement of the Efficiency up to almost 10% can be achieved (10% reached more sprayed coating powder and adhered to the object to be coated).

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden mit Bezug auf die Zeichnungen anhand von mehreren bevorzugten Ausführungsformen als Beispiel beschrieben. In den Zeichnungen zeigen

Fig. 1
schematisch einen Längsschnitt durch den stromabwärtigen Teil ( Sprühdüse) einer Sprühvorrichtung nach der Erfindung zum Sprühbeschichten von Objekten mit Beschichtungspulver,
Fig. 2
eine rückwärtige Stirnansicht der Sprühvorrichtung von Fig. 1 in Richtung eines Pfeiles II gesehen,
Fig. 3
einen abgebrochenen Längsschnitt eines als Flachstrahldüse ausgebildeten stromabwärtigen Endteils eines Pulverkanals der Sprühvorrichtung von Fig. 1 längs der Ebene III-III gesehen,
Fig. 4
einen Längsschnitt des stromabwärtigen Teils (Sprühdüse) einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Sprühvorrichtung nach der Erfindung,
Fig. 5
eine rückwärtige Stirnansicht des stromabwärten Teils von Fig. 4,
Fig. 6
einen Längsschnitt des stromabwärtigen Teils (Sprühdüse) einer nochmals anderen Ausführungsform einer Sprühvorrichtung nach der Erfindung,
Fig. 7
eine rückwärtige Stirnansicht des stromabwärtigen Teils von Fig. 6,
Fig. 8
einen Längsschnitt des stromabwärtigen Teils (Sprühdüse) einer nochmals weiteren Ausführungsform einer Sprühvorrichtung nach der Erfindung,
Fig. 9
eine rückwärtige Stirnansicht des stromabwärtigen Teils von Fig. 8.
The invention is described below with reference to the drawings using several preferred embodiments as an example. Show in the drawings
Fig. 1
schematically shows a longitudinal section through the downstream part (spray nozzle) of a spray device according to the invention for spray coating objects with coating powder,
Fig. 2
2 seen a rear end view of the spray device of FIG. 1 in the direction of an arrow II,
Fig. 3
FIG. 2 shows a broken longitudinal section of a downstream end part of a powder channel of the spray device of FIG. 1, designed as a flat jet nozzle, along the plane III-III,
Fig. 4
2 shows a longitudinal section of the downstream part (spray nozzle) of a further embodiment of a spray device according to the invention,
Fig. 5
3 shows a rear end view of the downstream part of FIG. 4,
Fig. 6
2 shows a longitudinal section of the downstream part (spray nozzle) of yet another embodiment of a spray device according to the invention,
Fig. 7
6 shows a rear end view of the downstream part of FIG. 6,
Fig. 8
2 shows a longitudinal section of the downstream part (spray nozzle) of yet another embodiment of a spray device according to the invention,
Fig. 9
8 shows a rear end view of the downstream part of FIG. 8.

Die in den Fig. 1 bis 9 dargestellten verschiedenen Ausführungsformen von Sprühvorrichtungen zum Sprühbeschichten von Objekten mit Beschichtungspulver sind entsprechend den Fig. 1, 4, 6 und 8 mit 2.1, 2.4, 2.6 und 2.8 bezeichnet. Alle Ausführungsformen haben einen Vorrichtungskörper 1, der vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff besteht. Durch ihn führt axial zu einer zentralen Mittelachse 4 ein Materialkanal 6 für das Beschichtungspulver, dessen stromabwärtiger Endabschnitt 8 zu einer schlitzförmigen Sprühöffnung 10 hin stufenlos kleiner ausgebildet ist, im Längsschnitt gesehen vorzugsweise bogenförmig mit einem Radius R. Die schlitzförmige Sprühöffnung 10 ist symmetrisch zur Mittelachse 4 angeordnet. Gemäß einer nicht dargestellten anderen Ausführungsform ist die Sprühöffnung 10 in einem Düsenkörper aus Metall, aus Keramik oder einem anderen abriebfesten Material gebildet, welcher in den Vorrichtungskörper 1 eingesetzt ist oder ihn bildet. Die Sprühöffnung 10 kann aus einer Vielzahl von Einzel-Öffnungen bestehen.The various shown in Figs. 1 to 9 Embodiments of spray devices for Spray coating objects with coating powder are according to FIGS. 1, 4, 6 and 8 with 2.1, 2.4, 2.6 and 2.8 designated. Have all embodiments a device body 1, which is preferably made of Plastic is made. Through it leads axially to one central central axis 4 a material channel 6 for the Coating powder, its downstream End section 8 to a slot-shaped spray opening 10 is continuously smaller, in longitudinal section seen preferably arcuate with a radius R. The slot-shaped spray opening 10 is symmetrical to Center axis 4 arranged. According to one, not Another embodiment shown is the Spray opening 10 in a nozzle body made of metal Ceramic or other abrasion resistant material formed, which in the device body 1 is inserted or forms it. The spray opening 10 can consist of a large number of individual openings.

Die schlitzförmige Sprühöffnung 10 hat bei allen Ausführungsformen eine Länge 12, die um ein Vielfaches größer ist als ihre Breite 14, je rechtwinklig zueinander und rechtwinklig zur Mittelachse 4 gemessen.The slot-shaped spray opening 10 has in all Embodiments a length 12 that is many times is larger than its width 14, each rectangular measured to each other and perpendicular to the central axis 4.

Bei allen Ausführungsformen sind mindestens zwei Druckluftkanäle 16 und 17 vorgesehen, deren stromabwärtige Kanalöffnungen 18 und 19 (Öffnungsränder) mit Bezug auf die Mittelachse 4 diametral mit Abstand voneinander und mit radialem Abstand von der Mittelachse 4 angeordnet sind. Dadurch befinden sich diese Kanalöffnungen 18 und 19 in Fig. 1 in einer rechtwinklig zur Mittelachse 4 abgeflachten stromabwärtigen äußeren Stirnfläche 20.1 direkt neben oder nur wenige Millimeter radial außerhalb der Sprühöffnung 10, welche im Zentrum dieser Stirnfläche 20.1 liegt; in Fig. 4 in zwei mit Bezug auf die Strömungsrichtung des Pulverstromes des Pulverkanals 6 stromabwärts zeigenden Stirnflächen 22, die je einen Querrand 22 der Sprühöffnung 10 bilden, welche zentral in einer halbkugelförmigen stromabwärtigen äußeren Stirnfläche 20.4 liegt und sich um deren gesamten Halbkreisumfang erstreckt; in Fig. 6 in einer halbkugelförmig runden stromabwärtigen äußeren Stirnfläche 20.6 mit Bezug auf die Mittelachse 4 radial und mit Bezug auf die Längsränder 23 der Sprühöffnung 10 je rechtwinklig seitlich versetzt außerhalb dieser Sprühöffnung 10, welche zentral in dieser Stirnfläche 20.6 gebildet ist; und in Fig. 8 je in einem der beiden Längsränder 23 der Sprühöffnung 10. Bei allen Ausführungsformen zeigen die Querränder 22 der Sprühöffnung 10 stromabwärts der Pulverströmungsrichtung und ihre beiden Längsränder 23 liegen einander mit Abstand parallel gegenüber. Bei der Ausführungsform von Fig. 8 erstreckt sich die Sprühöffnung 10 mittig und symmetrisch durch die Spitze einer kegelstumpfförmigen stromabwärtigen Stirnfläche 20.8.In all embodiments, there are at least two Compressed air channels 16 and 17 are provided, their downstream Channel openings 18 and 19 (opening edges) with With respect to the central axis 4 diametrically at a distance from each other and at a radial distance from the Central axis 4 are arranged. Thereby are these channel openings 18 and 19 in Fig. 1 in one flattened at right angles to the central axis 4 downstream outer end face 20.1 right next to it or just a few millimeters radially outside the Spray opening 10, which is in the center of this end face 20.1 lies; in Fig. 4 in two with reference to the Flow direction of the powder flow of the powder channel 6 downstream end faces 22, each one Form transverse edge 22 of spray opening 10, which is central in a hemispherical downstream exterior End face 20.4 is and around their entire Extends semicircle; in Fig. 6 in a hemispherical round downstream outer End face 20.6 with respect to the central axis 4 radially and with respect to the longitudinal edges 23 of the spray opening 10 each laterally offset laterally outside of this Spray opening 10, which is central in this end face 20.6 is formed; and in Fig. 8 each in one of the two Longitudinal edges 23 of the spray opening 10. In all Embodiments show the transverse edges 22 of FIG Spray opening 10 downstream of the Powder flow direction and its two longitudinal edges 23 are parallel to each other at a distance. In the 8 extends the Spray opening 10 centrally and symmetrically through the tip a frustoconical downstream face 8/20

Bei allen Ausführungsformen ist nur in einer Kanalöffnung 18 der beiden Kanalöffnungen 18 und 19 eine Hochspannungs-Elektrode 26 angeordnet. Die Elektrode 26 ist durch eine nicht dargestellte elektrische Leitung, die sich durch ihren Druckluftkanal 16 hindurch erstreckt, mit einem ebenfalls nicht dargestellten elektrischen Hochspannungserzeuger verbunden ist, und erhält von ihm eine Hochspannung im Bereich von 10 000 Volt bis 140 000 Volt. Die Elektrodenspitze der Elektrode 26 kann innerhalb der Kanalöffnung 18, in der Ebene ihres Öffnungsrandes oder kurz stromaufwärts oder kurz stromabwärts davon angeordnet sein. Durch beide Druckluftkanäle 16 und 17, sowohl durch die mit einer Elektrode 26 als auch durch die ohne Elektrode 26, strömt Druckluft von einer nicht dargestellten Druckluftquelle zu den Kanalöffnungen 18 und 19 und von ihnen auf den Beschichtungsmaterialstrom des Materialkanals 6. Der Druckluftstrom in dem mit einer Elektrode 26 versehenden Druckluftkanal 16 verhindert, daß Pulverpartikel an der Elektrode 26 haften. Der Druckluftstrom dieser Druckluftkanäle 16 und der Elektronenwind der Elektrode 26 lenken den Beschichtungsmaterialstrom ein klein wenig ab. Die Druckluft, welche aus der Kanalöffnung 19 des anderen Druckluftkanals 17 ausströmt, wirkt dieser vorgenannten Ablenkung des Beschichtungsmaterialstromes entgegen, vorzugsweise so stark, daß die Ablenkung vollständig kompensiert wird.In all embodiments, only one Channel opening 18 of the two channel openings 18 and 19 a high voltage electrode 26 is arranged. The Electrode 26 is by a not shown electrical line, which is characterized by its Compressed air duct 16 extends through with a also electrical not shown High voltage generator is connected, and receives from it a high voltage in the range of 10,000 volts to 140,000 volts. The electrode tip of the electrode 26 can within the channel opening 18, in the plane of their Opening edge or short upstream or short be arranged downstream thereof. Through both Compressed air channels 16 and 17, both through the one Electrode 26 as well as by the without electrode 26, compressed air flows from a not shown Compressed air source to the channel openings 18 and 19 and from them on the coating material stream of the Material channel 6. The compressed air flow in the with a Prevents compressed air duct 16 providing electrode 26, that powder particles adhere to the electrode 26. The Compressed air flow of these compressed air channels 16 and Electron wind of the electrode 26 direct the Coating material flow a little bit. The Compressed air, which from the channel opening 19 of the other Compressed air duct 17 flows out, this acts Deflection of the coating material flow against preferably so strong that the distraction is complete is compensated.

Bei Tests hat sich gezeigt, daß dann der beste Wirkungsgrad (geringster Verlust an versprühtem Beschichtungspulver) und eine sehr gute Beschichtungsqualität (keine Aufteilung des Pulverstromes) erreicht wird, wenn nur eine einzige Elektrode 26 auf nur einer Seite des Beschichtungsmaterialstromes entsprechend den dargestellten Ausführungsformen angeordnet wird. Die am meisten bevorzugte Ausführungsform ist in den Fig. 1, 2 und 3 dargestellt, welche eine abgeflachte vordere Stirnfläche 20.1 hat. Statt einer Elektrode 26 kann eine Gruppe von Elektroden 26 einseitig neben dem Beschichtungsmaterialstrom angeordnet werden. Jedoch ist eine einzige Elektrode 26 vorzuziehen, weil mehrere Elektroden 26 sich gegenseitig elektrostatisch nachteilig beeinflussen können. Tests have shown that the best Efficiency (lowest loss of sprayed Coating powder) and a very good one Coating quality (no division of the Powder flow) is achieved if only one Electrode 26 on only one side of the Coating material flow according to the illustrated embodiments is arranged. The most most preferred embodiment is in FIGS. 1, 2 and Figure 3, which shows a flattened front Has end face 20.1. Instead of an electrode 26 can a group of electrodes 26 on one side next to the Coating material stream are arranged. However a single electrode 26 is preferable because several Electrodes 26 mutually electrostatically can adversely affect.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach den Fig. 1, 2 und 3 liegt die Elektrode 26 radial außerhalb des Beschichtungsmaterialstromes der Sprühöffnung 10. Die Druckluftkanal-Auslaßöffnungen 18 und 19 sind schräg gegen die Mittelachse 4 und in Beschichtungsmaterialstrom-Strömungsrichtung gerichtet, so daß ihre Druckluft auf den zerstäubten Pulverstrom stromabwärts der Sprühöffnung 10 auftrifft und von ihm in Strömungsrichtung des Pulverstromes umgelenkt wird. An die flache Stirnfläche 20.1 schließt sich radial außen eine kegelstumpfförmig schräg nach hinten und nach außen verlaufende stirnseitige Ringfläche 30 an. Die Ringfläche 30 ist symmetrisch zur Mittelachse 4 unter einem Kegelwinkel 34 angeordnet. Die Querränder 22 der Sprühöffnung 10 erstrecken sich nach den Ausführungsformen nach den Fig. 4 bis 9 rechtwinklig zur Mittelachse 4, während sie bei der Ausführungsform der Fig. 1 bis 3 in Beschichtungsmaterial-Strömungsrichtung unter einem Winkel 40 voneinander weg divergieren, entsprechend Fig. 3. Dadurch wird der Pulverstrom in der Sprühöffnung 10 symmetrisch zur Mittelachse 4 auseinandergezogen.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 the electrode 26 radially outside the Spray material coating material stream 10. Die Compressed air duct outlet openings 18 and 19 are oblique against the central axis 4 and in Direction of coating material flow, so that their compressed air on the atomized powder stream downstream of the spray opening 10 and from it is deflected in the flow direction of the powder stream. Radially adjoins the flat end face 20.1 outside a truncated cone obliquely backwards and outwardly extending end face annular surface 30. The annular surface 30 is symmetrical to the central axis 4 arranged at a cone angle 34. The cross edges 22 of the spray opening 10 extend to the Embodiments according to FIGS. 4 to 9 at right angles to the central axis 4, while in the embodiment 1 to 3 in the coating material flow direction at an angle 40 away from each other diverge, according to Fig. 3 Powder flow in the spray opening 10 symmetrical to Center axis 4 pulled apart.

Die Druckluftkanäle 16 und 17 und ihre Auslaßöffnungen 18 und 19 sind vorzugsweise kreiszylindrische Bohrungen.The compressed air channels 16 and 17 and their outlet openings 18 and 19 are preferably circular cylindrical Holes.

Bei allen Ausführungsformen hat der Vorrichtungskörper 1 im Querschnitt eine kreisrunde Form. Jedoch sind noch andere Formen möglich. In all embodiments, the device body 1 in cross section a circular shape. However, are still other shapes possible.

Bei allen Ausführungsformen kann der Vorrichtungskörper 1 an einem Grundkörper, zum Beispiel einer Hand-Sprühpistole oder einer maschinengesteuerten Sprühpistole befestigt werden, vorzugsweise austauschbar, durch welchen das Beschichtungsmaterial und die Elektroden-Hochspannung zugeführt werden.In all embodiments, the device body 1 on a base body, for example a hand spray gun or a machine-controlled Spray gun to be attached, preferably interchangeable, through which the coating material and the electrode high voltage are supplied.

Bei allen Ausführungsformen wird als Beschichtungsmaterial Beschichtungspulver verwendet.In all embodiments, as Coating material coating powder used.

Claims (10)

  1. Powder-spraying device for coating powder, for the spray-coating of objects, having the following features: a material channel (6) in which coating powder flows to a downstream channel end (8); at least one slit-like spray opening (10), at the downstream channel end, through which the coating powder is sprayed in the form of a flat spray jet; at least one high-voltage electrode (26), past which a first pressurised-air stream of a first pressurised-air channel (16) flows, for electrically charging the coating powder in or in the vicinity of the spray opening (10), characterised in that the at least one high-voltage electrode (26) is arranged off-centre unilaterally on only one side of the flow path (6, 10) of the coating powder, and in that, on the side of the coating-powder stream diametrically opposite the high-voltage electrode (26), at least one second pressurised-air outlet (19) is provided for delivering at least one compensating pressurised-air stream, along whose flow path there is no high-pressure electrode, so that it does not have any contact with a high-voltage electrode, and in that the second pressurised-air outlet (19) and its compensating pressurised-air stream are directed into the coating-powder stream in such a way that the compensating pressurised-air stream counteracts deflection of the coating-powder stream by the first pressurised-air stream flowing past the high-voltage electrode (26).
  2. Powder-spraying device according to Claim 1, characterised in that it is provided with only a single electrode (26).
  3. Powder-spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cross section of the spray opening (10) is smaller than the internal cross section of the coating-material channel (6), and in that the coating-material channel (6) has an end section (8) in which its internal cross section is reduced continuously to the cross section of the spray opening (10).
  4. Powder-spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the electrode (26) is arranged in a body (1) forming the spray opening (10).
  5. Powder-spraying device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the electrode (26) is arranged in a body (1) forming the coating-material channel (6).
  6. Powder-spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the spray opening (10) is situated in a flat outer end face (20.1), which extends at a right angle to the central axis (4) of the coating-material channel (6) and the spray opening (10).
  7. Powder-spraying device according to Claim 6, characterised in that the electrode (26) is arranged in the flat outer end face (20.1).
  8. Powder-spraying device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the electrode (26) is arranged in the spray opening (10).
  9. Powder-spraying method for the spray-coating of objects with coating powder, according to which the coating powder is sprayed onto the objects through a slit-like spray opening (10), and according to which the coating powder is electrically charged in or in the vicinity of the spray opening (10) by means of at least one high-voltage electrode (26), which is flushed by a first pressurised-air stream (16, 18), characterised in that the at least one high-pressure electrode (26) and its first pressurised-air stream are used only off-centre unilaterally with respect to the coating-powder stream, and in that, on the diametrically opposite other side of the coating-powder stream, at least one compensating pressurised-air stream (17, 19), which does not touch any high-voltage electrode, is directed at the coating-powder stream in order to counteract deflection of this coating-powder stream by the first pressurised-air stream (16, 18).
  10. Powder-spraying method according to Claim 9, characterised in that only a single electrode (26) is used.
EP95118742A 1995-01-27 1995-11-29 Spray device for coating material Expired - Lifetime EP0723815B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19502522A DE19502522A1 (en) 1995-01-27 1995-01-27 Spraying device for coating material
DE19502522 1995-01-27

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EP0723815A2 EP0723815A2 (en) 1996-07-31
EP0723815A3 EP0723815A3 (en) 1999-03-17
EP0723815B1 true EP0723815B1 (en) 2001-03-21

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US (1) US5686149A (en)
EP (1) EP0723815B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3842324B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE199844T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19502522A1 (en)

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JP5602002B2 (en) * 2010-12-20 2014-10-08 旭サナック株式会社 Powder coating equipment
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DE19502522A1 (en) 1996-08-01
ATE199844T1 (en) 2001-04-15
EP0723815A2 (en) 1996-07-31
US5686149A (en) 1997-11-11
JPH08229440A (en) 1996-09-10
JP3842324B2 (en) 2006-11-08
DE59509112D1 (en) 2001-04-26
EP0723815A3 (en) 1999-03-17

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