EP0717158B1 - System of constructional volumes for the erection of buildings - Google Patents

System of constructional volumes for the erection of buildings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0717158B1
EP0717158B1 EP95118043A EP95118043A EP0717158B1 EP 0717158 B1 EP0717158 B1 EP 0717158B1 EP 95118043 A EP95118043 A EP 95118043A EP 95118043 A EP95118043 A EP 95118043A EP 0717158 B1 EP0717158 B1 EP 0717158B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
room
walls
room module
recesses
module system
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EP95118043A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0717158A3 (en
EP0717158A2 (en
Inventor
Franz Gärtner
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Gewie Technologietransfer GmbH
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Gewie Technologietransfer GmbH
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Publication of EP0717158A3 publication Critical patent/EP0717158A3/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/02Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
    • E04H1/04Apartment houses arranged in two or more levels
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34823Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of concrete

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a room module system for the erection of buildings, the space-forming and also static Functional building blocks are the same Height of reinforced concrete or the like includes which around rectangular spatial cells with at least three side walls and one edge-side recesses having base plate and ceiling and in the Base plate and ceiling longitudinal and cross bars cast in are.
  • DE-A-24 38 489 describes a building made of prefabricated, portable reinforced concrete cells known.
  • the reinforced concrete cells which also have a static function have rectangular shapes Floor plan and each have a longitudinal wall as well one or two transverse walls adjoining the longitudinal wall and a floor slab and a ceiling each.
  • the bottom plate and Blanket are equipped with lower and upper beams and in the latter are cast in reinforcement bars, the edge protrude or through recesses on the bottom of the base plate or stretch the blanket through.
  • the transverse wall is in the corner, that of the walls mentioned formed corner diagonally opposite, a support arranged, who in a way that is of no further interest here the reinforcement bars of the top and bottom beams the base plate is fixed or releasably connected.
  • the building described in DE-A-24 38 489 is over two mirrored spaces with one longitudinal and transverse wall and one room cell constructed with a longitudinal wall and two end walls.
  • the mirror-image of each other are arranged so that their top layers over the missing Longitudinal wall run parallel to each other.
  • the longitudinal walls the cells are on the outside and the transverse walls form one Front wall of the building.
  • the third room cell has one of the Corresponding width of the first two space cells Length and is with its open long side to the open Front of the first two space cells added.
  • DE-A-1 759 242 a for the construction of Buildings specific component set with space-forming and also the function of the structure in the large building components previously known from reinforced concrete. These large components form a rectangular one that is open on both sides Hollow profile in the manner of space disks.
  • the component set includes several standard sizes of such space disks same height and depth, but different Lengths. These discs can be together or also installed or installed at right angles to each other are and should be a variety of floor plans both in Housing construction as well as in commercial construction with each other enable transition rooms of different sizes.
  • the required openings should go through the open side surfaces and by shifting different types of space disks against each other, for what reason the wall areas of the room panes neither doors nor windows to have.
  • DE-A-34 26 119 is also a to build previously known component set of structures, the space-forming and static load-bearing elements in form Rectangular cross sections of hollow profiles with each two mutually parallel walls and a floor and Ceiling tile, special end pieces and at least comprises a light element.
  • the end parts are a front element with at least one struck Folding door and the end element is provided with a rear wall and accordingly box-shaped.
  • Traps can be built from the two closure elements be, with the folding gate at least for exposure should consist partly of translucent material. If several elements are lined up, you can choose between all or some of the neighboring elements which are an exposure of the elements mediate enclosed space.
  • This component set is exclusively for erection directed by functional buildings, especially commercial buildings and for example not for the construction of residential buildings, Suitable for hotels or administrative buildings.
  • the interiors the building blocks by the respective purpose appropriately arranged and optionally dividing partitions penetrated by door recesses, and the latter in one pour with the ceiling and the other walls are made that at least one wall of each room module at least one door recess and this wall and / or at least one other wall at least has a window recess that the door and window recesses by location and size depending on the Purpose of the respective building block selectably arranged are that in the floor slab and in the ceiling cast longitudinal and cross bars with their ends in the protruding recesses on the bottom plate and ceiling and that for connecting adjacent room modules with each other and / or for anchoring front facade elements and / or for connecting the above balcony slabs with the protruding into the recesses on the edge Ends of the longitudinal and transverse rods tie rod connectable are.
  • the room module system thus comprises individually or can be set up next to or in a level for the erection of multi-storey buildings also one above the other adjustable building blocks of the same height, their walls depending on the intended purpose with door and / or Window recesses are provided.
  • These building blocks are for the construction of single or multi-room buildings usable as well as with means for connecting supervisors Facade elements in the area of the outer walls or for Connecting protruding balcony slabs equipped.
  • the ceilings of the building blocks have proven to be useful with edges protruding all around the ceiling level Backsplashes to be provided, so that when stacking of building blocks between these spaces arise in which, for example, supply lines are relocatable.
  • the base plates cassette-like with protruding on the underside Ribs are formed and these ribs can cross from the longitudinal extension of the channels running through the building blocks be broken, over which the spaces mentioned are accessible even after the completion of a building.
  • the room building block system comprises at least two room building block types same length but different widths, and at least one other room block type with a different one Length, but the same width as one of the former Room block types.
  • the room building block system according to the invention is concerned with the fact that building block types of the same length, but possibly different widths, to create multi-room buildings next to each other, but also assigned to each other on the front in the interest of greater room depths can be. Especially with the front Assignment of the same width, but of different lengths There are many possible variations in room modules the layout. Of special interest is that the individual types of room modules with regard provided door and / or window recesses can be varied in many ways, so that without prejudice to one naturally necessary limitation of the number of used Room block types the room block system according to the invention the construction of structures allows the most adaptable to the needs of the respective application are.
  • the floor slabs can also provided with support brackets protruding from the edge be, for example, for the load absorption on the outside of the wall front facade elements.
  • the at the ends of the in the floor slabs and ceilings of the building blocks embedded Longitudinal and cross bars connectable tie rods then only have the function of retaining anchors.
  • the building blocks each from at least one prefabricated Base plate and at least one also prefabricated, the ceiling and walls and with the Bottom plate connected hollow body exist.
  • Such one Structure of the room modules has proven to be manufacturing technology proven rational and therefore inexpensive. If the Building blocks can have a large width according to a training also the bottom plate and the Hollow bodies each made of two prefabricated and one in one Longitudinal direction of the dividing joint assembled or can only be assembled at the construction site Parts exist.
  • the hollow body walls can expediently in the area of the vertically extending in these Recesses for the connecting rods, each with an access opening and these access openings in one Distance from the contact surfaces between the floor slabs and the hollow body walls may be arranged, which is approximately the measure corresponds to that of the connecting rods after casting protrude into the hollow body walls with sealing compound, and furthermore, the one pointing to the hollow body ceiling
  • the recesses are each at least one dimension apart equal to the length of the connecting rods across the access recesses continue and in these recess sections until the hollow body walls are placed on the respective one Base plate the connecting rods picked up and held can be.
  • the building blocks with each in the base plate and in the extending between these walls and the ceiling running channels for installations, electrical cables and the like are equipped.
  • the installation channels can be in the base plate parallel to the side Extend longitudinal walls and at least in sections as open to the interior and closable by covers Channels can be formed.
  • the frontal accessibility to these installation channels should go through end openings in the base plates guaranteed his.
  • Expedient are also in the walls of the building blocks vertical cable ducts spaced apart from each other arranged by the contact surfaces with the respective Ascend the floor slab from the wall recesses inside the room and thus the easiest way to lay electrical Enable installations.
  • wall recesses adjacent to the respective base plate provided as well as in the walls to these wall recesses be open anchored centering sleeves and Aligned to each centering sleeve for one Height adjustment bolt certain vertical recess itself extend through the base plate.
  • a vertically running anchor rod in each Embedded in the walls and with the ends apart the anchor rods each have a transport sleeve and a centering sleeve be firmly connected.
  • height adjustment bolts can be screwed in and penetrate these height adjustment bolts the base plate on top of each other of the upper building block in alignment with this Centering sleeve assigned to corner area.
  • Dependent on from the screw-in depth of the respective height adjustment bolt is the top tree block in the area of a centering sleeve on the upper ends of these height adjustment bolts recorded and by more or less deep screwing the height adjustment bolt is adjustable in height.
  • Building blocks For multi-storey structures with one on top of the other Building blocks are in the from the ceiling in the Walls of the lower building block and through the floor slab of the upper building block extending recesses special connecting rods with formation of casting gaps recorded and fixed by pouring potting compound connected to the walls and the base plate. These connecting rods, which are stacked on top of each other Extend building blocks, mediate precise positioning of the stacked building blocks.
  • the room module 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 acts it is a cubic structure made of reinforced concrete with a rectangular floor plan that consists of one piece manufactured base plate 11 and one also one-piece hollow body made on five sides 12 exists.
  • the hollow body 12 comprises two each Longitudinal walls 13, 13 'and two end walls 14, 14' and a ceiling 15 and is still to be described below Recorded on the base plate 11 and with this firmly connected. Furthermore, the two are each other opposite end walls 14, 14 'with window recesses 16 and in an end wall of a door recess 17 provided.
  • the room module system comprises that shown schematically in Fig. 2 in plan views Formwork units that can be manufactured using formwork machines of the type shown by way of example in FIG. 3, each from a base plate and a recorded on it attached five-sided closed hollow body.
  • formwork machines of the type shown by way of example in FIG. 3, each from a base plate and a recorded on it attached five-sided closed hollow body.
  • These building blocks have different, but on top of each other coordinated dimensions as well as two sides and End walls and a ceiling.
  • Can in the walls Window and door recesses variably arranged as well variable according to the respective purposes arrangable partitions can be provided.
  • Fig. 2 shows a selection of five formwork machines in right and left execution, which with S1 Right / S1 left to S5 right / S5 left and a formwork machine labeled S6.
  • These formwork machines are used to manufacture the in Fig. 3 example shown room module types R1R / R1L to R5R / R5L and R6. All room modules have the same Height and types R1 to R4 and R6 have the same length, the type R5, however, half the length of the other guys.
  • the right-left versions of each Types have the same width, as do types R3, R4 and R5.
  • the width of the building blocks grows from type R1 via R2 and R3 each by predetermined dimensional jumps up to type R6.
  • the window and door recesses in the Walls of the building blocks are variable and the respective Purpose by setting the Formwork elements of the formwork machines can be arranged selectively.
  • Type R6 can also be the Composition of types R1R and R1L with one each act omitted longitudinal wall. All room block types common is that door and window openings the respective Purpose arranged according to uses and also variable partitions with door recesses can be provided.
  • FIGS. 4.1 to 4.3 The one-room apartments illustrated in FIGS. 4.1 to 4.3, using different types of building blocks 2 constructed and each with Sanitary facilities and a kitchenette are vividly show the ability to vary of the building block system according to the invention.
  • the one-room apartment shown in Fig. 4.1 is based on the type R1R with partitions changed compared to FIG. 3 and also varied door and window recesses.
  • the one-room apartment according to Fig. 4.2 is the type of room module R2R with also changed compared to FIG. 3 Partitions and also modified door and Based on window recesses.
  • the room module type R3R is used, the in contrast to Fig. 3 partitions and has modified door and window recesses.
  • the room modules with all connection means for connecting the base plates with the five-sided hollow bodies as well as for anchoring the outer facade elements and for Connect adjacent or one above the other Room blocks when creating one or more storeys Buildings are provided, but also with cutouts to make the necessary connections and with all channels for receiving installation lines.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 show the ceiling area in particular.
  • the longitudinal and vertical cast into the ceiling offset Cross bars 30, 30 ', indicated schematically in Fig. 7 are in cutouts 31, 31 'on the edge the ceiling 15 before.
  • These are rods with a thread profiling at least in the area of the edge-side ceiling recesses 31, 31 'projecting Ends screwed onto the eyelets 34 equipped with nuts are.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 In the anchorages shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 they are holding anchors. The absorption of the loads takes place by means of the respective base plate 11 above support brackets 32. This is shown in Fig. 17. Any Gaps between the front and longitudinal wall insulation 20 and facade elements 22, 22 'are like Fig. 11 shows, easily fillable with insulation and sealable with joint seals.
  • the fixed connection is made using tie rods Room blocks arranged adjacent to each other on one floor or the connection of the above balcony slabs 24, 24 'in the area of the base plates 11.
  • 12 and 13 show the base plates 11 with connection recesses 39, 39 'in the edge projecting longitudinal and transverse bars 40, 40 ', the also via tie rods provided with turnbuckles with each other or with appropriate anchorages the balcony slabs are connectable. So far they are Balcony slabs also with installation openings 41 provided what Figs. 13 and 14 show.
  • Analogous to that 10 and 11 illustrated anchoring the Facade elements in Fig. 17 is a facade anchor represented by tie rods in the area of the base plate 11.
  • the facade elements stand out with her Level protruding brackets 42 on the front of the Base plate 11 protruding support brackets 32.
  • FIG. 17 is also the fixed connection of the separately manufactured base plates 11 with the Walls 13, 13 ', 14, 14' of the hollow body by means of special Connecting rods 48 can be seen.
  • These connecting rods 48 are in vertical and each accessible from the outside via an access opening 49 Recesses 50 of the hollow body walls and when placing a hollow body on a base plate 11 in the dash-dotted line in FIG. 17 Position held after putting on the walls mentioned on a prepared adhesive bed 51 of the base plate however in then with the respective recess 50 in the Recessing recesses 52 of the base plate so walls lowered that part of each connecting rod still in the vertical recess of the associated hollow body wall protrudes. A firm connection is then established by filling in the surrounding the connecting rods Potting gap 53 made with potting compound.
  • Fig. 6 shows that the bottom plates 11 with transverse to their longitudinal extension channels 21 provided which is the underside ribs of the respective base plate break through and for example access to supply lines laid in or under the base plate enable. This measure comes in particular importance for multi-storey buildings.
  • the building blocks of the invention do not allow only the construction of one-story, but also multi-story Buildings, each on the ceiling 15 of a room module 10 assigned to a lower floor a building block belonging to the next floor 10 is included.
  • the potting gaps 58 surrounding these rods are in turn included Potting compound poured out and thereby the one above the other Room blocks firmly connected.
  • Anchor rod 60 welded transport sleeves Screwed in eyelets that attach the building blocks enable suitable hoists.
  • FIG. 17 also shows, they end at least in the Corner areas of the building blocks in their hollow body walls embedded anchor rods 60 underside in wall recesses 62 and are each with one to the wall recess open centering sleeve 63 equipped.
  • Extend in alignment with the respective anchor rod 60 vertical recesses 64 through the base plate 11, in which before putting on an upper one Floor assigned to the building block in the transport sleeves 61 of the room module screwed in at the bottom Height adjustment bolt 65 with the formation of casting gaps 66 are included.
  • FIGS. 20 and 21 show the Construction of the two floors from building blocks according to the invention and their sensible interior.
  • the ground floor of these houses consists of two alongside R3R and R3L.
  • the upper floor is also made up of two with their long sides joined together building blocks of types R4R and R3L.
  • Analogous to FIG. 5 the single-family houses on the outside with thermal insulation layers and exterior facade elements.
  • FIG. 22 illustrates the construction of a row house from end-to-end interlocking building blocks of the Types R3L and R5L in an exploded view, in front of the Assemble the building blocks.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)

Abstract

The system has modules of equal height, which form rectangular rooms and also act as supporting structures, and which are made of steel reinforced concrete, or a similar material. The modules each have a floor, a ceiling, and at least three walls. At least one wall has a gap for a door, and this or at least one other wall has a gap for a window. Longitudinal (30) and transverse (30') bars are embedded in the floor and the ceiling, and their ends project from gaps (31') in the edges of these. Tensile anchors (37) can be attached to the projecting ends, in order to connect neighbouring modules, facing elements (22), or balconies.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Raumbausteinsystem für das Errichten von Bauwerken, das raumbildende und auch statische Funktion erfüllende Raumbausteine jeweils gleicher Höhe aus Stahlbeton oder dergleichen umfaßt, bei denen sich um im Grundriß rechteckige Raumzellen mit wenigstens drei seitlichen Wänden und jeweils einer randseitige Aussparungen aufweisenden Bodenplatte und Decke handelt und in die Bodenplatte und Decke Längs- und Querstäbe eingegossen sind.The invention relates to a room module system for the erection of buildings, the space-forming and also static Functional building blocks are the same Height of reinforced concrete or the like includes which around rectangular spatial cells with at least three side walls and one edge-side recesses having base plate and ceiling and in the Base plate and ceiling longitudinal and cross bars cast in are.

Aus der DE-A-24 38 489 ist ein Gebäude aus vorgefertigten, transportablen Stahlbetonzellen vorbekannt. Die Stahlbetonzellen, die auch statische Funktion erfüllen, haben rechteckigen Grundriß und besitzen jeweils eine Längswand sowie ein oder zwei sich an die Längswand anschließende Querwände und je eine Bodenplatte und eine Decke. Die Bodenplatte und Decke sind mit Unter- bzw. Oberzügen ausgerüstet und in letztere sind Bewehrungseisen eingegossen, die randseitig vorstehen bzw. sich durch randseitige Aussparungen der Bo-denplatte bzw. Decke hindurcherstrecken. Bei den Raumzellen mit einer Längswand und einer sich daran anschließenden Querwand ist in der Ecke, die der von den genannten Wänden gebildeten Ecke diagonal gegenüberliegt, eine Stütze angeordnet, die in hier nicht weiter interessierender Weise mit den Bewehrungseisen des Oberzugs der Decke und des Unterzugs der Bodenplatte fest oder lösbar verbunden ist.DE-A-24 38 489 describes a building made of prefabricated, portable reinforced concrete cells known. The reinforced concrete cells, which also have a static function have rectangular shapes Floor plan and each have a longitudinal wall as well one or two transverse walls adjoining the longitudinal wall and a floor slab and a ceiling each. The bottom plate and Blanket are equipped with lower and upper beams and in the latter are cast in reinforcement bars, the edge protrude or through recesses on the bottom of the base plate or stretch the blanket through. With the room cells with a longitudinal wall and an adjoining one The transverse wall is in the corner, that of the walls mentioned formed corner diagonally opposite, a support arranged, who in a way that is of no further interest here the reinforcement bars of the top and bottom beams the base plate is fixed or releasably connected.

Das in der DE-A-24 38 489 vorbeschriebene Gebäude ist aus zwei spiegelbildlich zueinander ausgebildeten Raumzellen mit jeweils einer Längs- und Querwand und einer Raumzelle mit einer Längswand und zwei stirnendigen Querwänden aufgebaut. Die spiegelbildlich zueinander ausgebildeten Raumzellen sind so angeordnet, daß ihre Oberzüge über der fehlenden Längswand parallel zueinander verlaufen. Die Längswände der Raumzellen liegen außen und die Querwände bilden eine Stirnwand des Gebäudes. Die dritte Raumzelle hat eine der Breite der beiden erstgenannten Raumzellen entsprechende Länge und ist mit ihrer offenen Längsseite an die offene Stirnseite der beiden erstgenannten Raumzellen angefügt. Beim Aufbau des Gebäudes bleibt der Knotenpunkt durch die in den freien Ecken der zwei seitliche Wände aufweisenden Raumzellen angeordneten Stützen unterstützt, bis eine tragende Verbindung der Oberzüge hergestellt ist. Zu diesem Zwecke stehen an der Stirnseite der Oberzüge der letztgenannten Raumzellen Bewehrungseisen vor, die mit sich durch eine Ausnehmung des Oberzuges der stirnendig angefügten weiteren Raumzelle hindurcherstreckende Bewehrungseisen verflochten werden, worauf die Ausnehmung mit den Bewehrungseisen mit Ortbeton ausgegossen wird. Danach können die Stützen entfernt werden, so daß die drei aneinandergefügten Raumzellen einen durchgehenden großen Raum bilden. The building described in DE-A-24 38 489 is over two mirrored spaces with one longitudinal and transverse wall and one room cell constructed with a longitudinal wall and two end walls. The mirror-image of each other are arranged so that their top layers over the missing Longitudinal wall run parallel to each other. The longitudinal walls the cells are on the outside and the transverse walls form one Front wall of the building. The third room cell has one of the Corresponding width of the first two space cells Length and is with its open long side to the open Front of the first two space cells added. When building the building, the node remains through the in the free corners of the two side walls Space cells arranged supports supported until a load-bearing Connection of the top layers is established. To this Purposes are on the front of the tops of the latter Reinforcement bars in front of the building that go through with it a recess in the top layer of the front end reinforcement bars extending through the other cell are intertwined, whereupon the recess with the rebar is poured with in-situ concrete. Then you can Supports are removed so that the three are joined together Room cells form a continuous large room.

Unter Verwendung der vorbekannten Raumzellen ist ein rationelles Errichten von Rohbauten möglich. Unbefriedigend ist jedoch, daß es nach dem Errichten derartiger Rohbauten bis zu einem fertigen Gebäude noch erheblicher Baumaßnahmen bedarf, die konventionell ausgeführt werden müssen.Using the previously known room cells is a rational one Construction of unfinished buildings possible. Is unsatisfactory however, that after the erection of such unfinished buildings considerable building measures are required for a finished building, that have to be carried out conventionally.

Ferner ist aus der DE-A-1 759 242 ein zum Errichten von Bauwerken bestimmter Bauteilsatz mit raumbildenden und auch die Funktion des Tragwerks im Baukörper erfüllenden Großbauteilen aus Stahlbeton vorbekannt. Diese Großbauteile bilden jeweils ein an beiden Seitenflächen offenes, rechteckiges Hohlprofil in der Art von Raumscheiben. Der Bauteilsatz umfaßt mehrere Standardgrößen derartiger Raumscheiben jeweils gleicher Höhe und Tiefe, aber unterschiedlicher Längen. Diese Raumscheiben können aneinander oder auch rechtwinklig zueinander aufgestellt bzw. eingebaut werden und sollen eine Vielzahl von Grundrissen sowohl im Wohnungsbau als auch im gewerblichen Bau mit ineinander übergehenden Räumen unterschiedlicher Größe ermöglichen. Die benötigten Öffnungen sollen durch die offenen Seitenflächen und durch Verschiebung verschiedener Raumscheibentypen gegeneinander geschaffen werden, aus welchem Grunde die Wandbereiche der Raumscheiben weder Türen noch Fenster haben.Furthermore, from DE-A-1 759 242 a for the construction of Buildings specific component set with space-forming and also the function of the structure in the large building components previously known from reinforced concrete. These large components form a rectangular one that is open on both sides Hollow profile in the manner of space disks. The component set includes several standard sizes of such space disks same height and depth, but different Lengths. These discs can be together or also installed or installed at right angles to each other are and should be a variety of floor plans both in Housing construction as well as in commercial construction with each other enable transition rooms of different sizes. The required openings should go through the open side surfaces and by shifting different types of space disks against each other, for what reason the wall areas of the room panes neither doors nor windows to have.

Der vorbekannte Bauteilsatz ermöglicht durch das Neben-oder auch Übereinanderstellen der Raumscheiben ebenfalls die rationelle Errichtung ein- oder auch mehrgeschossiger Rohbauten. Unbefriedigend erscheint aber auch hier, daß nach dem Erstellen derartiger Rohbauten bis zu einem fertigen Gebäude noch erhebliche Baumaßnahmen erforderlich sind, die konventionell ausgeführt werden müssen. Auch sollen beispielsweise die offenen Querschnitte im Außenbereich der jeweils äußeren Raumscheiben eines Rohbauwerks durch andere bekannte Montageelemente kaschiert werden, wie durch Fenster-, Fenstertür- und Brüstungselemente.The previously known set of components is made possible by the secondary or also stacking the room disks also the rational construction of one or more storeys Unfinished buildings. Here too it appears unsatisfactory that after creating such rough structures to a finished one Buildings still require significant construction work that have to be carried out conventionally. Also supposed to for example the open cross-sections in the outer area of the each outer space slices of a shell by others known assembly elements are concealed, such as by window, French window and parapet elements.

Weiter ist aus der DE-A- 34 26 119 ein ebenfalls zum Errichten von Bauwerken bestimmter Bauteilsatz vorbekannt, der raumbildende und statisch tragende Elemente in Form rechteckige Querschnitte aufweisender Hohlprofile mit jeweils zwei zueinander parallelen Wänden sowie einer Boden-und Deckenplatte, spezielle Abschlußteile und wenigstens ein Lichtelement umfaßt. Bei den Abschlußteilen handelt es sich um ein Frontelement mit wenigstens einem angeschlagenen Falttor und das Endelement ist mit einer Rückwand versehen und demgemäß kastenartig ausgebildet. Im einfachsten Falle können Bauwerke aus den beiden Abschlußelementen erstellt werden, wobei zur Belichtung das Falttor zumindest teilweise aus lichtdurchlässigem Material bestehen soll. Bei der Aneinanderreihung mehrerer Elemente können zwischen allen oder einigen benachbarten Elementen Lichtelemente eingefügt werden, die eine Belichtung des von den Elementen umschlossenen Raums vermitteln.Furthermore, from DE-A-34 26 119 is also a to build previously known component set of structures, the space-forming and static load-bearing elements in form Rectangular cross sections of hollow profiles with each two mutually parallel walls and a floor and Ceiling tile, special end pieces and at least comprises a light element. The end parts are a front element with at least one struck Folding door and the end element is provided with a rear wall and accordingly box-shaped. In the simplest Traps can be built from the two closure elements be, with the folding gate at least for exposure should consist partly of translucent material. If several elements are lined up, you can choose between all or some of the neighboring elements which are an exposure of the elements mediate enclosed space.

Dieser Bauteilsatz ist ausschließlich auf die Errichtung von Zweckbauten, insbesondere von Gewerbebauten gerichtet und beispielsweise nicht für die Erstellung von Wohnbauten, Hotels oder Verwaltungsbauten geeignet.This component set is exclusively for erection directed by functional buildings, especially commercial buildings and for example not for the construction of residential buildings, Suitable for hotels or administrative buildings.

Ausgehend von dem vorstehend erläuterten Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Raumbausteinsystem zu schaffen, das den rationellen Aufbau von Bauwerken unterschiedlichster Zweckbestimmung und mit vielfach variierbaren Grundrissen in ein- oder mehrgeschossiger Bauweise ermöglicht.Starting from the prior art explained above is the object of the invention, a room block system to create the rational construction of structures different purpose and with multiple variable floor plans in single or multi-storey construction enables.

Gelöst ist diese Aufgabe dadurch, daß bei dem Raumbausteinsystem nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 die Innenräume der Raumbausteine durch der jeweiligen Zweckbestimmung entsprechend wählbar angeordnete und gegebenenfalls von Türaussparungen durchbrochene Zwischenwände unterteilt, und letztere in einem Guß mit der Decke und den übrigen Wänden hergestellt sind, daß wenigstens eine Wand eines jeden Raumbausteins zumindest eine Türaussparung und diese Wand und/oder wenigstens eine andere Wand zumindest eine Fensteraussparung aufweist, daß die Tür- und Fensteraussparungen nach Lage und Größe in Abhängigkeit von der Zweckbestimmung des jeweiligen Raumbausteins wählbar angeordnet sind, daß die in die Bodenplatte und in die Decke eingegossenen Längs- und Querstäbe mit ihren Enden in die randseitigen Aussparungen der Bodenplatte und Decke vorstehen und daß zum Verbinden jeweils benachbarter Raumbausteine miteinander und/oder zum Verankern vorgesetzter Fassadenelemente und/oder zum Anschließen vorstehender Balkonplatten mit den in die randseitigen Aussparungen vorstehenden Enden der Längs- und Querstäbe Zuganker verbindbar sind.This problem is solved in that in the room building block system according to the preamble of claim 1, the interiors the building blocks by the respective purpose appropriately arranged and optionally dividing partitions penetrated by door recesses, and the latter in one pour with the ceiling and the other walls are made that at least one wall of each room module at least one door recess and this wall and / or at least one other wall at least has a window recess that the door and window recesses by location and size depending on the Purpose of the respective building block selectably arranged are that in the floor slab and in the ceiling cast longitudinal and cross bars with their ends in the protruding recesses on the bottom plate and ceiling and that for connecting adjacent room modules with each other and / or for anchoring front facade elements and / or for connecting the above balcony slabs with the protruding into the recesses on the edge Ends of the longitudinal and transverse rods tie rod connectable are.

Das erfindungsgemäße Raumbausteinsystem umfaßt somit einzeln oder in einer Ebene nebeneinander aufstellbare bzw. zum Errichten mehrgeschossiger Bauwerke auch übereinander stellbare Raumbausteine jeweils gleicher Höhe, deren Wände in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Zweckbestimmung mit Tür-und/oder Fensteraussparungen versehen sind. Diese Raumbausteine sind zur Errichtung von ein- oder Mehrraumbauten einsetzbar sowie mit Mitteln zum Verbinden vorgesetzter Fassadenelemente im Bereich der Außenwände oder auch zum Anschließen von vorstehenden Balkonplatten ausgerüstet. Der Aufbau derartiger Bauwerke reduziert sich an der Baustelle auf das Aufstellen der für das jeweilige Bauwerk erforderlichen Raumbausteine, bei aus mehreren Raumbausteinen errichteten Bauwerken das Verbinden dieser Raumbausteine miteinander und das Anbringen von gegebenenfalls mit Wärmedämmungen ausgerüsteten Fassadenelementen an den Außenwänden und gegebenenfalls das Verankern etwaig erwünschter Balkonplatten, wobei die mit ihren Enden in die genannten Aussparungen der Bodenplatte und Decke vorstehenden Längs- und Querstäbe als Verankerungsmittel dienen, an die spezielle Zuganker anschließbar sind.The room module system according to the invention thus comprises individually or can be set up next to or in a level for the erection of multi-storey buildings also one above the other adjustable building blocks of the same height, their walls depending on the intended purpose with door and / or Window recesses are provided. These building blocks are for the construction of single or multi-room buildings usable as well as with means for connecting supervisors Facade elements in the area of the outer walls or for Connecting protruding balcony slabs equipped. The Construction of such structures is reduced at the construction site on the installation of those required for the respective building Room blocks, in the case of multiple room blocks Buildings connecting these building blocks together and the installation of thermal insulation, if necessary equipped facade elements on the outer walls and if necessary anchoring any desired balcony slabs, the ends of which are in the said recesses the floor slab and ceiling projecting longitudinal and Cross bars serve as anchoring means to the special Tie rods are connectable.

Als zweckmäßig hat sich erwiesen, die Decken der Raumbausteine mit randseitig umlaufend über die Deckenebene vorstehenden Aufkantungen zu versehen, so daß bei der Übereinanderanordnung von Raumbausteinen zwischen diesen Zwischenräume entstehen, in denen beispielsweise Versorgungsleitungen verlegbar sind. Nach einer anderen Weiterbildung sind die Bodenplatten kassettenartig mit unterseitig vorstehenden Rippen ausgebildet und diese Rippen können von quer zu der Längserstreckung der Raumbausteine verlaufenden Kanälen durchbrochen sein, über welche die genannten Zwischenräume auch nach Fertigstellung eines Bauwerks zugänglich sind.The ceilings of the building blocks have proven to be useful with edges protruding all around the ceiling level Backsplashes to be provided, so that when stacking of building blocks between these spaces arise in which, for example, supply lines are relocatable. After another training course the base plates cassette-like with protruding on the underside Ribs are formed and these ribs can cross from the longitudinal extension of the channels running through the building blocks be broken, over which the spaces mentioned are accessible even after the completion of a building.

Nach einer besonders wichtigen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfaßt das Raumbausteinsystem wenigstens zwei Raumbausteintypen gleicher Länge, jedoch unterschiedlicher Breiten, und wenigstens einen weiteren Raumbausteintyp mit abweichender Länge, jedoch gleicher Breite wie eine der erstgenannten Raumbausteintypen.According to a particularly important embodiment of the invention the room building block system comprises at least two room building block types same length but different widths, and at least one other room block type with a different one Length, but the same width as one of the former Room block types.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Raumbausteinsystem handelt es sich mithin darum, daß Raumbausteintypen gleicher Längenerstreckung, aber gegebenenfalls unterschiedlicher Breiten, zur Erstellung von Mehrraumbauten nebeneinander, aber auch im Interesse größerer Raumtiefen stirnseitig einander zugeordnet werden können. Insbesondere bei der stirnseitigen Zuordnung gleich breiter, aber unterschiedlicher Länge aufweisender Raumbausteine ergeben sich vielfältige Variationsmöglichkeiten der Grundrißgestaltung. Von besonderem Interesse dabei ist, daß die einzelnen Raumbausteintypen hinsichtlich vorzusehender Tür- und/oder Fensteraussparungen vielfältig variierbar sind, so daß unbeschadet einer naturgemäß notwendigen Begrenzung der Anzahl der einzusetzenden Raumbausteintypen das erfindungsgemäße Raumbausteinsystem die Errichtung von Bauwerken ermöglicht, die weitestgehend den Bedürfnissen des jeweiligen Anwendungsfalles anpaßbar sind.It is in the room building block system according to the invention is concerned with the fact that building block types of the same length, but possibly different widths, to create multi-room buildings next to each other, but also assigned to each other on the front in the interest of greater room depths can be. Especially with the front Assignment of the same width, but of different lengths There are many possible variations in room modules the layout. Of special interest is that the individual types of room modules with regard provided door and / or window recesses can be varied in many ways, so that without prejudice to one naturally necessary limitation of the number of used Room block types the room block system according to the invention the construction of structures allows the most adaptable to the needs of the respective application are.

Im Rahmen einer sinnvollen Weiterbildung können die Bodenplatten auch mit randseitig vorstehenden Tragkonsolen versehen sein, etwa für die Lastaufnahme etwaig wandaußenseitig vorgesetzter Fassadenelemente. Die an die Enden der in die Bodenplatten und Decken der Raumbausteine eingebetteten Längs- und Querstäbe anschließbaren Zuganker haben dann lediglich die Funktion von Halteankern.As part of a useful further education, the floor slabs can also provided with support brackets protruding from the edge be, for example, for the load absorption on the outside of the wall front facade elements. The at the ends of the in the floor slabs and ceilings of the building blocks embedded Longitudinal and cross bars connectable tie rods then only have the function of retaining anchors.

Eine andere wichtige Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Raumbausteine jeweils aus wenigstens einer vorgefertigten Bodenplatte und wenigstens einem ebenfalls vorgefertigten, die Decke und Wände aufweisenden sowie mit der Bodenplatte verbundenen Hohlkörper bestehen. Ein derartiger Aufbau der Raumbausteine hat sich als fertigungstechnisch rationell und somit kostengünstig erwiesen. Sofern die Raumbausteine große Breitenerstreckung aufweisen, können gemäß einer Weiterbildung auch die Bodenplatte und der Hohlkörper jeweils aus zwei vorgefertigten und in einer in Längsrichtung der Raumbausteine verlaufenden Teilungsfuge zusammengefügten bzw. erst an der Baustelle zusammenfügbaren Teilen bestehen.Another important embodiment of the invention provides that the building blocks each from at least one prefabricated Base plate and at least one also prefabricated, the ceiling and walls and with the Bottom plate connected hollow body exist. Such one Structure of the room modules has proven to be manufacturing technology proven rational and therefore inexpensive. If the Building blocks can have a large width according to a training also the bottom plate and the Hollow bodies each made of two prefabricated and one in one Longitudinal direction of the dividing joint assembled or can only be assembled at the construction site Parts exist.

Eine andere Weiterbildung dieser Ausgestaltung sieht vor, daß die Bodenplatten und die mit diesen verbundenen Hohlkörper mit sich von den Kontaktflächen aus in die Bodenplatten und Hohlkörperwände miteinander fluchtend hineinerstreckenden Ausnehmungen versehen und in letzteren sich über die Kontaktflächen hinwegerstreckende Verbindungsstäbe unter Ausbildung von mit Vergußmasse ausgegossenen Vergußspalten aufgenommen sind. Diese Verbindungsstäbe vermitteln nach dem Vergießen der Vergußspalte mit Vergußmasse eine dauerhaft sichere Verbindung der jeweils zu einem Raumbaustein zusammengefügten Bodenplatten und Hohlkörper.Another further development of this configuration provides that the base plates and the hollow body connected to them with itself from the contact surfaces in the floor slabs and hollow body walls, aligned with one another Provide recesses and in the latter itself connecting rods extending across the contact surfaces with formation of casting gaps poured out with casting compound are included. Convey these connecting rods after casting the casting column with casting compound one permanently secure connection of each to a room module assembled floor slabs and hollow bodies.

Im Interesse eines einfachen Verbindens der Bodenplatten mit den Hohlkörpern können zweckmäßigerweise die Hohlkörperwände im Bereich der vertikal in diesen verlaufenden Ausnehmungen für die Verbindungsstäbe mit jeweils einer Zugriffsöffnung versehen und diese Zugriffsöffnungen in einem Abstand von den Kontaktflächen zwischen den Bodenplatten und den Hohlkörperwänden angeordnet sein, der etwa dem Maß entspricht, um das die Verbindungsstäbe nach dem Umgießen mit Vergußmasse in die Hohlkörperwände hineinragen, und ferner sollten auf der zur Hohlkörperdecke hinweisenden Seite die Ausnehmungen sich jeweils um ein Maß wenigstens gleich der Länge der Verbindungsstäbe über die Zugriffsausnehmungen forterstrecken und in diesen Ausnehmungsabschnitten bis zum Aufsetzen der Hohlkörperwände auf die jeweilige Bodenplatte die Verbindungsstäbe aufgenommen und gehalten werden können.In the interest of simply connecting the floor panels with the hollow bodies, the hollow body walls can expediently in the area of the vertically extending in these Recesses for the connecting rods, each with an access opening and these access openings in one Distance from the contact surfaces between the floor slabs and the hollow body walls may be arranged, which is approximately the measure corresponds to that of the connecting rods after casting protrude into the hollow body walls with sealing compound, and furthermore, the one pointing to the hollow body ceiling The recesses are each at least one dimension apart equal to the length of the connecting rods across the access recesses continue and in these recess sections until the hollow body walls are placed on the respective one Base plate the connecting rods picked up and held can be.

Nach dem lagerichtigen Aufsetzen eines Hohlkörpers auf eine damit zu verbindende Bodenplatten bedarf es dann lediglich der Freigabe der Haltestifte, so daß diese nach unten fallend in den entsprechenden Ausnehmungen der Bodenplatte aufgenommen werden und mit über die Kontaktflächen vorstehenden Abschnitten in die Hohlkörperwände hineinragen, sowie des Ausgießens der Vergußspalte mit Vergußmasse, um die Verbindungsstäbe mit sowohl der Bodenplatte als auch den Hohlkörperwänden und mithin letztere fest miteinander zu verbinden. Ergänzend dazu können die Bodenplatten mit den Hohlkörperwänden durch Klebefugen verbunden sein.After the correct placement of a hollow body on a floor plates to be connected to it are then only required the release of the retaining pins so that they fall down in the corresponding recesses in the base plate be included and with the above the contact areas Protrude sections into the hollow body walls, as well pouring the casting column with casting compound to the Connecting rods with both the base plate and the Hollow body walls and thus the latter firmly together connect. In addition, the base plates can be used with the Hollow body walls must be connected by adhesive joints.

Gleichfalls eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Raumbausteine mit jeweils in der Bodenplatte und in den sich zwischen dieser und der Decke erstreckenden Wänden verlaufenden Kanälen für Installationen, Elektroleitungen und dergleichen ausgerüstet sind. Die Installationskanäle können sich dabei in der Bodenplatte parallel zu den seitlichen Längswänden erstrecken und zumindest abschnittsweise als zum Innenraum offene und mittels Abdeckungen verschließbare Kanäle ausgebildet sein. die stirnseitige Zugängigkeit zu diesen Installationskanälen sollte durch stirnendige Durchbrüche in den Bodenplatten gewährleistet sein. Um auch die Zugänglichkeit der Installationskanäle von unten zu gewährleisten, können sich vom Grund der Installationskanäle in deren Längsrichtung beabstandet voneinander angeordnete Durchbrechungen durch die Bodenplatte hindurcherstrecken.Likewise, a further development of the invention provides that the building blocks with each in the base plate and in the extending between these walls and the ceiling running channels for installations, electrical cables and the like are equipped. The installation channels can be in the base plate parallel to the side Extend longitudinal walls and at least in sections as open to the interior and closable by covers Channels can be formed. the frontal accessibility to these installation channels should go through end openings in the base plates guaranteed his. To ensure the accessibility of the installation ducts Ensuring from below can be from the bottom of the installation ducts spaced apart in the longitudinal direction arranged openings through the base plate stretch through.

Zweckmäßigerweise sind auch in den Wandungen der Raumbausteine jeweils beabstandet voneinander vertikale Kabelkanäle angeordnet, die von den Kontaktflächen mit der jeweiligen Bodenplatte aus rauminnenseitigen Wandaussparungen aufsteigen und somit in einfachster Weise das Verlegen elektrischer Installationen ermöglichen.Expedient are also in the walls of the building blocks vertical cable ducts spaced apart from each other arranged by the contact surfaces with the respective Ascend the floor slab from the wall recesses inside the room and thus the easiest way to lay electrical Enable installations.

Gemäß einer anderen äußerst wichtigen Weiterbildung sind zumindest in den Eckbereichen der Raumbausteine von deren Decke aus zugängige Transporthülsen mit Innengewinde in den Wänden verankert, in die in einfacher Weise Transportösen einschraubbar sind, die das Aufnehmen der Raumbausteine mittels geeigneter Hebewerkzeuge ermöglichen.According to another extremely important training course at least in the corner areas of the building blocks Cover made of accessible transport sleeves with internal thread in the Anchored in the walls in the transport eyelets in a simple manner can be screwed in to accommodate the building blocks enable by means of suitable lifting tools.

Desgleichen können zumindest in den Eckbereichen der Raumbausteine angrenzend an die jeweilige Bodenplatte Wandaussparungen vorgesehen sowie in den Wänden zu diesen Wandaussparungen hin offene Zentrierhülsen verankert sein und fluchtend zu jeder Zentrierhülse eine für die Aufnahme eines Höhenjustierbolzens bestimmte vertikale Ausnehmung sich durch die Bodenplatte hindurcherstrecken.Likewise, at least in the corner areas of the building blocks wall recesses adjacent to the respective base plate provided as well as in the walls to these wall recesses be open anchored centering sleeves and Aligned to each centering sleeve for one Height adjustment bolt certain vertical recess itself extend through the base plate.

Zweckmäßigerweise kann in den Eckbereichen der Raumbausteine auch jeweils ein vertikal verlaufender Ankerstab in den Wänden eingebettet und mit den voneinander entfernten Enden der Ankerstäbe jeweils eine Transporthülse und eine Zentrierhülse fest verbunden sein. Appropriately, in the corner areas of the building blocks also a vertically running anchor rod in each Embedded in the walls and with the ends apart the anchor rods each have a transport sleeve and a centering sleeve be firmly connected.

Beim Erstellen mehrgeschossiger Bauwerke mit übereinander angeordneten Raumbausteinen sind jeweils in die Transporthülsen der unteren Raumbausteine Höhenjustierbolzen einschraubbar und diese Höhenjustierbolzen durchdringen nach dem Übereinanderstellen der Raumbausteine die Bodenplatte des oberen Raumbausteins in jeweils fluchtend mit der diesem Eckbereich zugeordneten Zentrierhülse. In Abhängigkeit von der Einschraubtiefe des jeweiligen Höhenjustierbolzens ist der jeweils obere Baumbaustein im Bereich einer Zentrierhülse auf den oberen Enden dieser Höhenjustierbolzen aufgenommen und durch mehr oder weniger tiefes Einschrauben der Höhenjustierbolzen in der Höhe justierbar.When creating multi-storey structures with one another arranged building blocks are each in the transport sleeves of the lower room modules, height adjustment bolts can be screwed in and penetrate these height adjustment bolts the base plate on top of each other of the upper building block in alignment with this Centering sleeve assigned to corner area. Dependent on from the screw-in depth of the respective height adjustment bolt is the top tree block in the area of a centering sleeve on the upper ends of these height adjustment bolts recorded and by more or less deep screwing the height adjustment bolt is adjustable in height.

Für mehrgeschossige Bauwerke bestimmte Raumbausteine können darüber hinaus mit sich von der Decke aus in die Wände vertikal hineinerstreckenden Ausnehmungen versehen sein, und damit fluchtend die Bodenplatten des jeweils oben liegenden Raumbausteins bis in den Bereich von Wandaussparungen reichende Ausnehmungen für die Aufnahme spezieller Verbindungsstäbe aufweisen. Diese Ausnehmungen können mit Vorteil fluchtend zu in den Wänden verlaufenden Kabelkanälen angeordnet sein, wobei die Ausnehmungen in den Bodenplatten bis zu unterseitigen Wandaussparungen der Kabelkanäle reichen.Room blocks intended for multi-storey buildings moreover with yourself from the ceiling vertically into the walls extending recesses, and thus aligning the floor slabs of the top Building blocks reaching into the area of wall recesses Recesses for special connecting rods exhibit. These recesses can be advantageous arranged in alignment with cable ducts running in the walls be, with the recesses in the base plates up to the wall recesses on the underside of the cable ducts.

Bei mehrgeschossigen Bauwerken mit übereinandergestellten Raumbausteinen sind in den sich von der Decke aus in die Wände des jeweils unteren Raumbausteins und durch die Bodenplatte des oberen Raumbausteins erstreckenden Ausnehmungen spezielle Verbindungsstäbe unter Ausbildung von Vergußspalten aufgenommen und durch Umgießen mit Vergußmasse fest mit den genannten Wänden und der Bodenplatte verbunden. Diese Verbindungsstäbe, die sich über die Trennfuge aufeinandergestellter Raumbausteine hinwegerstrecken, vermitteln eine präzise Positionierung der übereinanderstehenden Raumbausteine.For multi-storey structures with one on top of the other Building blocks are in the from the ceiling in the Walls of the lower building block and through the floor slab of the upper building block extending recesses special connecting rods with formation of casting gaps recorded and fixed by pouring potting compound connected to the walls and the base plate. These connecting rods, which are stacked on top of each other Extend building blocks, mediate precise positioning of the stacked building blocks.

Anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen sollen nachstehend verschiedene Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Raumbausteine sowie deren bestimmungsgemäße Verwendung beim Erstellen von Bauwerken und so errichtete Bauwerke erläutert werden. In schematischen Ansichten zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen in Stahlbetonausführung als kubischer Hohlkörper mit Tür- und Fensteraussparungen ausgebildeten Raumbaustein in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
Fig. 2
Grundrisse verschiedener Schalungsmaschinen zum Herstellen von Raumbausteinen unterschiedlicher Typen mit variierbaren Tür- und Fensteraussparungen und ebenfalls variierbaren Zwischenwänden,
Fig. 3
Grundrisse verschiedener Raumbausteintypen,
Fig. 4.1 bis 4.3
Grundrißansichten von Einraumwohnunen als Verwendungsbeispiele einiger Raumbausteintypen nach Fig. 3,
Fig. 5
einen Raumbaustein des Typs R6 in Fig. 3 mit einer allseitigen Wärmedämmung und vorgesetzten Fassadenelementen,
Fig. 6
einen Raumbaustein mit einer über ein Stirnende vorstehenden Balkonplatte und einer vorgesetzten Fassade mit Wärmedämmung am anderen Stirnende in einer seitlichen Ansicht,
Fig. 7
eine Draufsicht auf die Decke des in Fig. 6 veranschaulichten Raumbausteins bei Weglassung der Balkonplatte und der am anderen Stirnende vorgesetzten Fassade,
Fig. 8
im Ausschnitt aus Fig. 6 eine denkbare Deckenausbildung mit einer umlaufenden Aufkantung,
Fig. 9
den Raumbaustein nach Fig. 6 in einer stirnseitigen Ansicht gemäß Pfeil IX in Fig. 6,
Fig. 10
die Verankerung der dem Raumbaustein gemäß Fig. 6 vorgesetzten Fassade in einem der Schnittlinie X-X in Fig. 7 entsprechenden Vertikalschnitt,
Fig. 11
in einem der Schnittlinie XI-XI in Fig. 10 entsprechenden Horizontalschnitt die Verankerung der dem Raumbaustein stirnseitig und an einer Längsseite vorgesetzten Fassade,
Fig. 12
einen der Schnittlinie XII-XII in Fig. 6 entsprechenden Horizontalschnitt durch den in dieser Figur dargestellten Raumbaustein bei Weglassung der an einem Stirnende auskragenden Balkonplatte,
Fig. 13
wie in Fig. 10 einen Horizontalschnitt durch den Raumbaustein gemäß Fig. 6, jedoch mit an beiden Stirnenden auskragenden Balkonplatten,
Fig. 14
eine vergrößerte Ansicht des Ausschnittes gemäß Ziff. XIV aus Fig. 13,
Fig. 15
eine Detailansicht gemäß Pfeil XV in Fig. 14,
Fig. 16
eine Detailansicht gemäß Pfeil XVI in Fig. 14,
Fig. 17
in einer der Schnittlinie XVII-XVII in Fig. 14 entsprechenden Ansicht die vertikale Verbindung übereinander angeordneter Raumbausteine,
Fig. 18
ein unter Verwendung erfindungsgemäßer Raumbausteine errichtetes zweigeschossiges Einfamilienhaus mit Giebeldach in einer Ansicht schräg von vorn,
Fig. 19
das Einfamilienhaus gemäß Fig. 18 mit Flachdach in einer Ansicht schräg von hinten,
Fig. 20
einen Erdgeschoßgrundriß des in den Fig. 18 und 19 gezeigten Einfamilienhauses,
Fig. 21
den Obergeschoßgrundriß des in den Fig. 18 und 19 veranschaulichten Einfamilienhauses,
Fig. 22
zwei für die Erstellung eines Reihenhausgeschosses bestimmte Raumbausteine unmittelbar vor dem Zusammenfügen in Grundrißansichten und
Fig. 23
den Grundriß einer Reihenhausanlage mit sechs nebeneinander angeordneten zweigeschossigen Reihenhäusern, deren Geschosse jeweils aus zwei stirnendig aneinandergefügten Raumbausteinen der in Fig. 22 veranschaulichten Typen aufgebaut sind.
Various embodiments of the room modules according to the invention and their intended use in the construction of structures and structures constructed in this way are to be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Schematic views show:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a room block made of reinforced concrete as a cubic hollow body with door and window recesses,
Fig. 2
Floor plans of various formwork machines for the production of building blocks of different types with variable door and window recesses and also variable partition walls,
Fig. 3
Floor plans of different types of building blocks,
Fig. 4.1 to 4.3
Floor plan views of one-room apartments as examples of use of some room module types according to FIG. 3,
Fig. 5
3 with an all-round thermal insulation and front facade elements,
Fig. 6
a building block with a balcony slab protruding from one end and a front facade with thermal insulation at the other end in a side view,
Fig. 7
6 shows a plan view of the ceiling of the building block illustrated in FIG. 6 when the balcony slab and the facade placed at the other end are omitted,
Fig. 8
6 a conceivable ceiling design with a circumferential upstand,
Fig. 9
6 in an end view according to arrow IX in FIG. 6,
Fig. 10
6 the anchoring of the facade placed in front of the building block according to FIG. 6 in a vertical section corresponding to section line XX in FIG. 7,
Fig. 11
in a horizontal section corresponding to the section line XI-XI in FIG. 10, the anchoring of the facade placed in front of the building block and on one long side,
Fig. 12
6 shows a horizontal section corresponding to the section line XII-XII in FIG. 6 through the room module shown in this figure when the balcony slab projecting at one end is omitted,
Fig. 13
10 shows a horizontal section through the room module according to FIG. 6, but with balcony slabs protruding on both ends,
Fig. 14
an enlarged view of the section according to para. XIV of Fig. 13,
Fig. 15
14 shows a detailed view according to arrow XV in FIG. 14,
Fig. 16
14 shows a detailed view according to arrow XVI in FIG. 14,
Fig. 17
in a view corresponding to the section line XVII-XVII in FIG. 14, the vertical connection of stacked building blocks,
Fig. 18
a two-storey single-family house with a gable roof built using the inventive building blocks in an oblique view from the front,
Fig. 19
18 with a flat roof in a view obliquely from behind,
Fig. 20
a ground floor plan of the single family house shown in Figs. 18 and 19,
Fig. 21
18 and 19, the upper floor plan of the single-family house illustrated,
Fig. 22
two room blocks intended for the creation of a row house floor immediately before the assembly in plan views and
Fig. 23
the floor plan of a row house system with six adjacent two-storey row houses, the floors of which are each constructed from two end-to-end building blocks of the types illustrated in FIG. 22.

Bei dem in Fig. 1 veranschaulichten Raumbaustein 10 handelt es sich um einen kubischen Baukörper in Stahlbetonausführung mit rechteckigem Grundriß, der aus einer einstückig gefertigten Bodenplatte 11 und einem ebenfalls einstückig hergestellten fünfseitig geschlossenen Hohlkörper 12 besteht. Der Hohlkörper 12 umfaßt je zwei Längswände 13, 13' und zwei Stirnwände 14, 14' sowie eine Decke 15 und ist in unten noch zu beschreibender Weise auf der Bodenplatte 11 aufgenommen sowie mit dieser fest verbunden. Ferner sind die beiden einander gegenüberliegenden Stirnwände 14, 14' mit Fensteraussparungen 16 und in einer Stirnwand einer Türaussparung 17 vorgesehen.The room module 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 acts it is a cubic structure made of reinforced concrete with a rectangular floor plan that consists of one piece manufactured base plate 11 and one also one-piece hollow body made on five sides 12 exists. The hollow body 12 comprises two each Longitudinal walls 13, 13 'and two end walls 14, 14' and a ceiling 15 and is still to be described below Recorded on the base plate 11 and with this firmly connected. Furthermore, the two are each other opposite end walls 14, 14 'with window recesses 16 and in an end wall of a door recess 17 provided.

Das erfindungsgemäße Raumbausteinsystem umfaßt mittels der in Fig. 2 in Grundrißansichten schematisch dargestellten Schalungsmaschinen herstellbare Raumbausteine der beispielhaft in Fig. 3 gezeigten Art, die jeweils aus einer Bodenplatte und einem darauf aufgenommenen und befestigten fünfseitig geschlossenen Hohlkörper bestehen. Diese Raumbausteine haben unterschiedliche, jedoch aufeinander abgestimmte Abmessungen sowie je zwei Seiten-und Stirnwände und eine Decke. In den Wänden können Fenster- und Türausnehmungen variabel angeordnet sowie den jeweiligen Verwendungszwecken entsprechend variabel anordbare Zwischenwände vorgesehen sein.The room module system according to the invention comprises that shown schematically in Fig. 2 in plan views Formwork units that can be manufactured using formwork machines of the type shown by way of example in FIG. 3, each from a base plate and a recorded on it attached five-sided closed hollow body. These building blocks have different, but on top of each other coordinated dimensions as well as two sides and End walls and a ceiling. Can in the walls Window and door recesses variably arranged as well variable according to the respective purposes arrangable partitions can be provided.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Auswahl von fünf Schalungsmaschinen jeweils in Rechts- und Linksausführung, die mit S1 Rechts / S1 Links bis S5 Rechts / S5 Links bezeichnet sind, und eine mit S6 bezeichnete Schalungsmaschine. Diese Schalungsmaschinen dienen zum Herstellen der in Fig. 3 beispielhaft gezeigten Raumbausteintypen R1R/R1L bis R5R/R5L und R6. Alle Raumbausteine haben gleiche Höhe und die Typen R1 bis R4 und R6 haben gleiche Längenerstreckung, hingegen die Type R5 die halbe Länge der anderen Typen. Die Rechts- Linksausführungen des jeweiligen Typs haben gleiche Breite, ebenso die Typen R3, R4 und R5. Die Breiten der Raumbausteine wachsen vom Typ R1 über R2 und R3 jeweils um vorbestimmte Abmessungssprünge bis zum Typ R6. Die Fenster- und Türaussparungen in den Wänden der Raumbausteine sind variabel und dem jeweiligen Verwendungszweck durch entsprechende Einstellung der Schalungselemente der Schalungsmaschinen wählbar anzuordnen.Fig. 2 shows a selection of five formwork machines in right and left execution, which with S1 Right / S1 left to S5 right / S5 left and a formwork machine labeled S6. These formwork machines are used to manufacture the in Fig. 3 example shown room module types R1R / R1L to R5R / R5L and R6. All room modules have the same Height and types R1 to R4 and R6 have the same length, the type R5, however, half the length of the other guys. The right-left versions of each Types have the same width, as do types R3, R4 and R5. The width of the building blocks grows from type R1 via R2 and R3 each by predetermined dimensional jumps up to type R6. The window and door recesses in the Walls of the building blocks are variable and the respective Purpose by setting the Formwork elements of the formwork machines can be arranged selectively.

Bei den Raumbausteinen der Typen R1 und R2 sind die Bodenplatten und die mit fünfseitigen Wandungen versehenen Hohlkörper jeweils einstückig ausgebildet. Angesichts der größeren Breite der Raumbausteintypen R3 bis R5 können diese zweiteilig ausgebildet sein, also jeweils aus einer in Längsrichtung geteilten und nachträglich zusammengefügten Bodenplatte und ebenfalls zwei in Längsrichtung geteilt hergestellten und nachträglich zusammengefügten Hohlkörpern bestehen. Angesichts seiner größeren Breite ist der Raumbausteintyp R6 grundsätzlich längsgeteilt. Bei dem Typ R6 kann es sich auch um die Zusammensetzung der Typen R1R und R1L mit jeweils einer weggelassenen Längswand handeln. Allen Raumbausteintypen gemeinsam ist, daß Tür- und Fensteröffnungen den jeweiligen Verwendungszwecken entsprechend variabel angeordnet und auch variable Zwischenwände mit Türausnehmungen vorgesehen sein können.For the room modules of types R1 and R2 are the Base plates and those with five-sided walls Hollow body each formed in one piece. Given the larger width of the room module types R3 to R5, these can be formed in two parts, that is each from a longitudinally divided and subsequent joined base plate and also two produced in the longitudinal direction divided and subsequently assembled hollow bodies exist. Given his The R6 room block type is generally wider slit. Type R6 can also be the Composition of types R1R and R1L with one each act omitted longitudinal wall. All room block types common is that door and window openings the respective Purpose arranged according to uses and also variable partitions with door recesses can be provided.

Die in den Figuren 4.1 bis 4.3 veranschaulichten Einraumwohnungen, die unter Verwendung verschiedener Raumbausteintypen gemäß Fig. 2 aufgebaut und jeweils mit Sanitäreinrichtungen und einer Küchenzeile ausgestattet sind, zeigen in anschaulicher weise die Variationsfähigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Raumbausteinsystems.The one-room apartments illustrated in FIGS. 4.1 to 4.3, using different types of building blocks 2 constructed and each with Sanitary facilities and a kitchenette are vividly show the ability to vary of the building block system according to the invention.

So basiert die in Fig. 4.1 gezeigte Einraumwohnung auf dem Typ R1R mit gegenüber Fig. 3 veränderten Zwischenwänden und ebenfalls variierten Tür- und Fensteraussparungen. Der Einraumwohnung nach Fig. 4.2 liegt der Raumbausteintyp R2R mit ebenfalls gegenüber Fig. 3 veränderten Zwischenwänden und gleichfalls abgewandelten Tür-und Fensteraussparungen zugrunde. Bei der Einraumwohnung nach Fig. 4.3 hingegen ist der Raumbausteintyp R3R eingesetzt, der im Unterschied zu Fig. 3 Zwischenwände und abgewandelte Tür- und Fensteraussparungen aufweist.The one-room apartment shown in Fig. 4.1 is based on the type R1R with partitions changed compared to FIG. 3 and also varied door and window recesses. The one-room apartment according to Fig. 4.2 is the type of room module R2R with also changed compared to FIG. 3 Partitions and also modified door and Based on window recesses. At the one-room apartment 4.3, however, the room module type R3R is used, the in contrast to Fig. 3 partitions and has modified door and window recesses.

Bei der in Fig. 5 ohne Inneneinrichtung im Grundriß gezeigten Einraumwohnung handelt es sich um den hinsichtlich der eingezogenen Trennwände 18 mit Türaussparungen 19 leicht variierten Raumbaustein des Typs R6 nach Fig. 3, der außenseitig mit einer wärmedämmschicht 20 und einer vorgesetzten Fassadenelementen 22, 22' aus witterungsbeständigem Material, wie Betonplatten, versehen ist. Mit dieser Ansicht korrespondiert die Seitenansicht gemäß Fig. 6, die allerdings einen mit einer stirnseitig von der Bodenplatte 11 vorstehenden Balkonplatte 24 ausgerüsteten Raumbaustein zeigt. Die Decke 15 ist mit einer randseitig umlaufend über die Deckenebene vorstehenden Aufkantung 25 versehen.In the floor plan shown in Fig. 5 without interior Studio apartment is the regarding of the retracted partitions 18 with door recesses 19 slightly varied room module of the type R6 according to FIG. 3, the outside with a thermal insulation layer 20 and one front facade elements 22, 22 'made of weatherproof Material such as concrete slabs is provided. With this view corresponds to the side view Fig. 6, which, however, one with a front of the base plate 11 protruding balcony plate 24 equipped Room module shows. The ceiling 15 is with a protruding all the way round the ceiling level Provide upstand 25.

Kennzeichnend für das erfindungsgemäße System ist, daß die Raumbausteine mit allen Anschlußmitteln zum Verbinden der Bodenplatten mit den fünfseitigen Hohlkörpern sowie zum Verankern der äußeren Fassadenelemente und zum Verbinden benachbarter oder übereinander angeordneter Raumbausteine beim Erstellen ein- oder mehrgeschossiger Bauwerke versehen sind, desgleichen aber auch mit Aussparungen zum Herstellen der erforderlichen Verbindungen und mit allen Kanälen für die Aufnahme von Installationsleitungen.It is characteristic of the system according to the invention that the room modules with all connection means for connecting the base plates with the five-sided hollow bodies as well as for anchoring the outer facade elements and for Connect adjacent or one above the other Room blocks when creating one or more storeys Buildings are provided, but also with cutouts to make the necessary connections and with all channels for receiving installation lines.

So sind in den Fig. 6 und 9 in den Wänden jeweils von der Bodenplatte 11 vertikal aufwärts verlaufende und etwa über Dreiviertel der Raumhöhe reichende Kabelkanäle 26 mit unterseitigen Wandausnehmungen 27 sowie unten noch näher zu erläuternde Mittel 28 zum festen Verbinden der Wände des Hohlkörpers mit der Bodenplatte angedeutet. In der Deckenansicht gemäß Fig. 7 sind in der Decke in Längs- und Querrichtung verlaufende Hauptverbindungsstäbe 30, 30' angedeutet, die im Bereich von randseitigen Aussparungen 31, 31' enden und in ebenfalls unten noch zu beschreibender weise die feste Verbindung benachbarter Raumbausteine sowie in Verbindung mit von der Bodenplatte 11 vorstehenden Tragkonsolen 32 das Verankern der äußeren Fassadenelemente ermöglichen.6 and 9 in the walls are each of the bottom plate 11 extending vertically and Cable ducts reaching over three quarters of the room height 26 with underside wall recesses 27 and below means 28 to be explained in more detail for the fixed Connect the walls of the hollow body to the base plate indicated. 7 are in main connecting rods running lengthways and crossways 30, 30 'indicated in the range of edge-side recesses 31, 31 'end and also the fixed connection to be described below neighboring building blocks as well as in connection with the base plate 11 projecting support brackets 32 that Allow the outer facade elements to be anchored.

Die Verankerung vorgesetzter Fassadenelemente 22, 22' im Deckenbereich zeigen insbesondere die Figuren 10 und 11. Die in die Decke höhenmäßig versetzt eingegossenen Längs-und Querstäbe 30, 30', die in Fig. 7 schematisch angedeutet sind, stehen in randseitige Aussparungen 31, 31' der Decke 15 vor. Es handelt sich dabei um Stäbe mit einer Gewindeprofilierung zumindest im Bereich der in die randseitigen Deckenaussparungen 31, 31' vorstehenden Enden, auf die mit Muttern ausgerüstete Ösen 34 aufgeschraubt sind. In diese Ösen sind mit Spannmuttern 35 versehene und ihrerseits mit in die vorgesetzten Fassadenelemente 22, 22' eingebetteten Ankern 36 verbundene Zugverankerungen 37 eingehängt und mittels der Spannmuttern so angezogen, daß unter Zwischenlage einer außenseitig auf den Wandungen des Raumbausteins aufgebrachten Wärmedämmschicht 20 ein zweischaliger Wandaufbau entsteht.The anchoring of front facade elements 22, 22 'in FIGS. 10 and 11 show the ceiling area in particular. The longitudinal and vertical cast into the ceiling offset Cross bars 30, 30 ', indicated schematically in Fig. 7 are in cutouts 31, 31 'on the edge the ceiling 15 before. These are rods with a thread profiling at least in the area of the edge-side ceiling recesses 31, 31 'projecting Ends screwed onto the eyelets 34 equipped with nuts are. In these eyelets are 35 with clamping nuts provided and in turn with in the front facade elements 22, 22 'embedded anchors 36 connected Tension anchors 37 hooked in and by means of the clamping nuts so dressed that with the interposition of a applied on the outside to the walls of the building block Thermal insulation layer 20 a two-shell wall structure arises.

Bei den in den Fig. 10 und 11 gezeigten Verankerungen handelt es sich um Halteanker. Die Aufnahme der Traglasten erfolgt mittels von der jeweiligen Bodenplatte 11 vorstehender Tragkonsolen 32. Dies zeigt Fig. 17. Etwaige Spalte zwischen den stirn- und länswandseitigen Wärmedämmungen 20 und Fassadenelementen 22, 22' sind, wie Fig. 11 zeigt, in einfacher Weise mit Dämmstoff ausfüllbar und mittels Fugendichtungen verschließbar.In the anchorages shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 they are holding anchors. The absorption of the loads takes place by means of the respective base plate 11 above support brackets 32. This is shown in Fig. 17. Any Gaps between the front and longitudinal wall insulation 20 and facade elements 22, 22 'are like Fig. 11 shows, easily fillable with insulation and sealable with joint seals.

In gleicher Weise wie die Verankerung vorgesetzter Fassadenelemente mittels Zuganker erfolgt die feste Verbindung in einer Geschoßebene benachbart angeordneter Raumbausteine oder auch der Anschluß vorstehender Balkonplatten 24, 24' im Bereich der Bodenplatten 11. Dafür sind, wie die Fig. 12 und 13 zeigen, auch die Bodenplatten 11 mit in randseitige Verbindungsaussparungen 39, 39' vorstehenden Längs- und Querstäben 40, 40' ausgerüstet, die ebenfalls über mit Spannschlössern versehene Zuganker miteinander bzw. mit entsprechenden Verankerungen der Balkonplatten verbindbar sind. Insoweit sind die Balkonplatten ebenfalls mit Installationsdurchbrüchen 41 versehen, was die Fig. 13 und 14 zeigen. Analog zu der in den Fig. 10 und 11 veranschaulichten Verankerung der Fassadenelemente ist in Fig. 17 eine Fassadenverankerung mittels Zuganker im Bereich der Bodenplatte 11 dargestellt. Dabei stehen die Fassadenelemente mit aus ihrer Ebene vorstehenden Konsolen 42 auf stirnseitig von der Bodenplatte 11 vorstehenden Tragkonsolen 32 auf.In the same way as the anchoring of the facade elements the fixed connection is made using tie rods Room blocks arranged adjacent to each other on one floor or the connection of the above balcony slabs 24, 24 'in the area of the base plates 11. For this 12 and 13 show the base plates 11 with connection recesses 39, 39 'in the edge projecting longitudinal and transverse bars 40, 40 ', the also via tie rods provided with turnbuckles with each other or with appropriate anchorages the balcony slabs are connectable. So far they are Balcony slabs also with installation openings 41 provided what Figs. 13 and 14 show. Analogous to that 10 and 11 illustrated anchoring the Facade elements in Fig. 17 is a facade anchor represented by tie rods in the area of the base plate 11. The facade elements stand out with her Level protruding brackets 42 on the front of the Base plate 11 protruding support brackets 32.

Ferner zeigen die Fig. 12 und 13, daß die Bodenplatten 11 mit in Plattenlängsrichtung verlaufenden Installationskanälen 44 versehen sind, die sich innenseitig von den Längswänden 13, 13' des mit der Bodenplatte 11 verbundenen Hohlkörpers und etwa in der Mitte der Bodenplatte erstrecken. Diese Installationskanäle 43 sind zum Innenraum des Raumbausteins offen, aber mit Abdeckungen 44 versehen, und haben in Richtung ihrer Längserstreckungen voneinander beabstandete sowie die Bodenplatte nach unten durchdringende Aussparungen 45. Stirnendig münden die Installationskanäle in Durchgängen 46 aus, was in Fig. 16 veranschaulicht ist.12 and 13 show that the bottom plates 11th with installation ducts running in the longitudinal direction of the panel 44 are provided, which are on the inside of the Longitudinal walls 13, 13 'of the connected to the base plate 11 Hollow body and approximately in the middle of the base plate extend. These installation channels 43 are to the interior of the room module is open, but with covers 44 provided, and have in the direction of their longitudinal extensions spaced apart as well as the bottom plate down penetrating recesses 45. Open at the front the installation ducts in passages 46 from what in 16 is illustrated.

Insbesondere aus Fig. 17 ist auch die feste Verbindung der jeweils getrennt gefertigten Bodenplatten 11 mit den Wänden 13, 13', 14, 14' der Hohlkörper mittels spezieller Verbindungsstäbe 48 ersichtlich. Diese Verbindungsstäbe 48 sind in vertikal verlaufenden und jeweils über eine Zugriffsöffnung 49 von außen zugänglichen Ausnehmungen 50 der Hohlkörperwände aufgenommen und werden beim Aufsetzen eines Hohlkörpers auf eine Bodenplatte 11 in der in Fig. 17 strichpunktiert angedeuteten Lage gehalten, nach dem Aufsetzen der genannten Wände auf ein vorbereitetes Klebebett 51 der Bodenplatte jedoch in dann mit der jeweiligen Ausnehmung 50 in den Wänden fluchtende Ausnehmungen 52 der Bodenplatte so abgesenkt, daß ein Teil eines jeden Verbindungsstabes noch in die vertikale Ausnehmung der zugehörigen Hohlkörperwand hineinragt. Eine feste Verbindung wird dann durch Ausfüllen der die Verbindungsstäbe umgebenden Vergußspalte 53 mit Vergußmasse hergestellt.17 is also the fixed connection of the separately manufactured base plates 11 with the Walls 13, 13 ', 14, 14' of the hollow body by means of special Connecting rods 48 can be seen. These connecting rods 48 are in vertical and each accessible from the outside via an access opening 49 Recesses 50 of the hollow body walls and when placing a hollow body on a base plate 11 in the dash-dotted line in FIG. 17 Position held after putting on the walls mentioned on a prepared adhesive bed 51 of the base plate however in then with the respective recess 50 in the Recessing recesses 52 of the base plate so walls lowered that part of each connecting rod still in the vertical recess of the associated hollow body wall protrudes. A firm connection is then established by filling in the surrounding the connecting rods Potting gap 53 made with potting compound.

Ferner zeigt Fig. 6, daß die Bodenplatten 11 mit quer zu ihrer Längserstreckung verlaufenden Kanälen 21 versehen ist, welche die unterseitigen Rippen der jeweiligen Bodenplatte durchbrechen und beispielsweise den Zugang zu in oder unter der Bodenplatte verlegten Versorgungsleitungen ermöglichen. Dieser Maßnahme kommt insbesondere bei mehrgeschossigen Bauwerken Bedeutung zu.Furthermore, Fig. 6 shows that the bottom plates 11 with transverse to their longitudinal extension channels 21 provided which is the underside ribs of the respective base plate break through and for example access to supply lines laid in or under the base plate enable. This measure comes in particular importance for multi-storey buildings.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Raumbausteine ermöglichen nicht nur den Aufbau eingeschossiger, sondern auch mehrgeschossiger Bauwerke, wobei jeweils auf der Decke 15 eines einem unteren Geschoß zugeordneten Raumbausteins 10 ein zum nächstfolgenden Geschoß gehörender Raumbaustein 10 aufgenommen ist. Die feste Verbindung vermitteln wiederum spezielle Verbindungsstäbe 55, die in vertikalen Ausnehmungen 56, 57 aufgenommen sind, welche sich fluchtend zu den Kabelkanälen 26 in den Hohlkörperwänden durch die jeweilige Bodenplatte 11 hindurch und von der Oberseite eines untergeschossigen Raumbausteins in dessen seitliche Wandungen hineinerstrecken. Die diese Stäbe umgebende Vergußspalte 58 sind wiederum mit Vergußmasse ausgegossen und dadurch die übereinanderstehenden Raumbausteine fest miteinander verbunden.The building blocks of the invention do not allow only the construction of one-story, but also multi-story Buildings, each on the ceiling 15 of a room module 10 assigned to a lower floor a building block belonging to the next floor 10 is included. Communicate the firm connection again special connecting rods 55, which in vertical recesses 56, 57 are received, which aligned with the cable channels 26 in the hollow body walls through the respective base plate 11 and from the top of a basement building block stretch into its side walls. The potting gaps 58 surrounding these rods are in turn included Potting compound poured out and thereby the one above the other Room blocks firmly connected.

Schließlich sind zumindest in den Eckbereichen der Hohlkörperwandungen Ankerstäbe 60 mit einer von der Decke des jeweiligen Raumbausteins aus zugänglichen Transporthülse 61 mit Innengewinde eingegossen. Für den Transport der Raumbausteine werden in diese mit dem jeweiligen Ankerstab 60 fest verschweißten Transporthülsen Ösen eingeschraubt, die das Anhängen der Raumbausteine an geeignete Hebezeuge ermöglichen.Finally, at least in the corner areas Hollow body walls anchor rods 60 with one of the Ceiling of the respective building block from accessible Casting sleeve 61 with internal thread. For the Transport of the building blocks are in these with the respective Anchor rod 60 welded transport sleeves Screwed in eyelets that attach the building blocks enable suitable hoists.

Wie Fig. 17 ebenfalls zeigt, enden die zumindest in den Eckbereichen der Raumbausteine in deren Hohlkörperwandungen eingebetteten Ankerstäbe 60 unterseitig in Wandaussparungen 62 und sind jeweils mit einer zu der Wandaussparung hin offenen Zentrierhülse 63 ausgerüstet. Fluchtend zu dem jeweiligen Ankerstab 60 erstrecken sich vertikale Ausnehmungen 64 durch die Bodenplatte 11 hindurch, in denen vor dem Aufsetzen des jeweils einem oberen Geschoß zugeordneten Raumbausteins in die Transporthülsen 61 des unterseitigen Raumbausteins eingeschraubte Höhenjustierbolzen 65 unter Ausbildung von Vergußspalten 66 aufgenommen sind. Diese Höhenjustierbolzen ermöglichen vor dem festen Verbinden übereinanderstehender Raumbausteine durch Vergießen der die speziellen Verbindungsstäbe 55 umgebenden Vergußspalte 58 mit Vergußmasse eine Höhenjustierung in der Weise, daß die mit ihren oberen Enden in die Wandaussparungen 62 vorstehenden Höhenjustierbolzen 65 durch mehr oder weniger Einschrauben in die den Bolzen aufnehmende Transporthülse 61 des unteren Raumbausteins in die zu den genannten Wandaussparungen offenen Zentrierhülsen 63 eingreifen und innerhalb vorbestimmter Grenzen eine Höhenjustierung des jeweils oberen Raumbausteins ermöglicht, indem die unterseitigen Enden der Ankerstäbe des oberen Raumbausteins dann auf den Höhenjustierbolzen 65 aufstehen. Nach der präzisen Höhenjustierung werden dann die die Höhenjustierbolzen 65 umgebenden Vergußspalte 66 und die Vergußspalte 58 der Verbindungsstäbe 55 in der oben bereits erläuterten Weise mit Vergußmasse ausgegossen. Nach dem Vergießen und Aushärten der Vergußmasse ist eine feste Verbindung übereinanderstehender Raumbausteine gewährleistet.As FIG. 17 also shows, they end at least in the Corner areas of the building blocks in their hollow body walls embedded anchor rods 60 underside in wall recesses 62 and are each with one to the wall recess open centering sleeve 63 equipped. Extend in alignment with the respective anchor rod 60 vertical recesses 64 through the base plate 11, in which before putting on an upper one Floor assigned to the building block in the transport sleeves 61 of the room module screwed in at the bottom Height adjustment bolt 65 with the formation of casting gaps 66 are included. Allow these height adjustment bolts before firmly connecting one above the other Building blocks by casting the special connecting rods 55 surrounding casting column 58 with casting compound a height adjustment in such a way that with their upper ends protruding into the wall recesses 62 Height adjustment bolt 65 by screwing in more or less in the transport sleeve 61 receiving the bolt lower building block into the mentioned wall recesses engage open centering sleeves 63 and inside predetermined limits a height adjustment of each upper building block enabled by the underside Ends of the anchor rods of the upper building block then get up on the height adjustment bolt 65. After The height adjustment bolts are then used for precise height adjustment 65 surrounding casting column 66 and the casting column 58 of the connecting rods 55 in the above already poured out with potting compound. After this Pouring and curing the potting compound is a firm one Connection of stacked building blocks guaranteed.

In den Fig. 18 und 19 sind mittels erfindungsgemäßer Raumbausteine aufgebaute zweigeschossige Einfamilienhäuser mit Giebeldach und Flachdach veranschaulicht. Die Grundrißansichten nach den Fig. 20 und 21 zeigen den Aufbau der beiden Geschosse aus erfindungsgemäßen Raumbausteinen und deren sinnvolle Inneneinrichtung. Das Erdgeschoß dieser Häuser besteht aus zwei längsseitig aneinander angefügten Raumbausteinen der Typen R3R und R3L. Das Obergeschoß hingegen ist aus gleichfalls zwei mit ihren Längsseiten aneinandergefügten Raumbausteinen der Typen R4R und R3L aufgebaut. Analog zu Fig. 5 sind die Einfamilienhäuser außenseitig mit Wärmedämmschichten und äußeren Fassadenelementen ausgerüstet.18 and 19 are according to the invention Building blocks of two-storey detached houses illustrated with a gable roof and flat roof. The Floor plans according to FIGS. 20 and 21 show the Construction of the two floors from building blocks according to the invention and their sensible interior. The The ground floor of these houses consists of two alongside R3R and R3L. The upper floor, on the other hand, is also made up of two with their long sides joined together building blocks of types R4R and R3L. Analogous to FIG. 5 the single-family houses on the outside with thermal insulation layers and exterior facade elements.

Fig. 22 veranschaulicht den Aufbau eines Reihenhauses aus stirnendig aneinanderfügbaren Raumbausteinen der Typen R3L und R5L in einer Sprengansicht, also vor dem Zusammenfügen der Raumbausteine. Durch Zusammenschieben der beiden genannten Raumbausteine mit ihren einander zugewandten stirnseitigen Wänden und deren festes Verbinden sind Reihenhausanlagen der in Fig. 23 veranschaulichten Art aufbaubar, wobei jeweils in beliebiger Anzahl derartige Reihenhäuser nebeneinander angeordnet werden können. Abweichend von der Reihenhausanlage gemäß Fig. 23 können die einzelnen Reihenhäuser der Anlage auch versetzt zueinander angeordnet werden.22 illustrates the construction of a row house from end-to-end interlocking building blocks of the Types R3L and R5L in an exploded view, in front of the Assemble the building blocks. By pushing together of the two building blocks mentioned with their each other facing end walls and their fixed connection are row house systems of that illustrated in Fig. 23 Kind buildable, each in any number such row houses arranged side by side can be. Deviating from the row house system according to Fig. 23 can the individual terraced houses of the plant can also be staggered.

Claims (22)

  1. Room module system for the erection of buildings, which comprises room modules, which are each of the same height and of reinforced concrete or the like, forming rooms and fulfilling static functions, the room modules being, in plan, rectangular room cells with at least three side walls and a floor plate and a ceiling each having a recess at the edge and longitudinal and transverse rods being cast in place in the floor plate and ceiling, characterised in that the interior spaces of the room modules (10) are subdivided by partition walls (18) selectably arranged in correspondence with the respective intended purpose and optionally interrupted by door cut-outs (19), the partition walls being produced in one casting with the ceiling (15) and the remaining walls (13, 13'; 14, 14'), that at least one wall of each room module (13, 13'; 14, 14') has at least one door cut-out (17) and this wall and/or at least one other wall has at least one window cut-out (16), that the door and window cut-outs (16, 17) are selectably arranged with respect to position and size in dependence on the intended purpose of the respective room module (10), that the longitudinal and transverse rods (30, 30' and 40, 40') cast in place in the floor plate (11) and the ceiling (15) project by their ends into the edge recesses (31, 31' or 39, 39') and that for the connecting together of respectively adjacent room modules (10) and/or for anchoring facade elements (22, 22') placed in front and/or for attaching protruding balcony plates (24, 24') tie rods (37) are connectible with the ends of the longitudinal and transverse rods (30, 30' and 40, 40') projecting in the edge recesses (31, 31' or 39, 39') of the floor plate (11) and ceiling (15).
  2. Room module system according to claim 1, characterised in that the ceilings (15) of the room modules (10) are provided with edge flanges (25) encircling the edge and protruding above the plane of the ceiling.
  3. Room module system according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the floor plates (11) of the room modules (10) are formed in modular manner with ribs protruding at the underside.
  4. Room module system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that at least two room module types have the same lengths, but different widths, and that at least one further room module type has a different length, but the same width, as one of the first-mentioned types.
  5. Room module system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the floor plates (11) are provided with support brackets (32), which protrude at the edge, for accepting the load of possible facade elements (22, 22') placed on the front of outside walls.
  6. Room module system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the room modules (10) each consist of at least one prefabricated floor plate (11) and at least one similarly prefabricated hollow body (12) having the ceiling (15) and the walls (13, 13'; 14, 14') as well as connected with the floor plate (11).
  7. Room module system according to claim 5, characterised in that in the case of room modules of larger widths extent the floor plate (11) and the hollow body (12) each consist of two prefabricated parts joined together at a dividing joint extending in longitudinal direction of the room module.
  8. Room module system according to claim 7, characterised in that the floor plates (11) and the hollow bodies (12) connected therewith are provided with recesses (50, 52) extending in mutual alignment from the contact surfaces out into the floor plates (11) and hollow body walls (13, 13'; 14, 14'), and connecting rods (48) extend in the recesses away beyond the contact surfaces whilst forming grouting gaps (53) filled with a casting mass.
  9. Room module system according to claim 8, characterised in that the hollow body walls (13, 13'; 14, 14') are each provided in the region of the recesses (50), which extend vertically therein, for the connecting rods (48) with a respective access opening (49) and the latter are arranged at a spacing from the contact surfaces between the floor plates (11) and the hollow body walls (13, 13'; 14, 14'), which spacing approximately corresponds to the dimension by which the connecting rods (48) project into the hollow body walls (13, 13'; 14, 14') after casting around with a casting mass, that the recesses (50) each continue on the side, which faces the hollow body ceiling (15), beyond the access openings (49) by an amount at least equal to the length of the connecting rods (48) and that until placing of the hollow body walls (13, 13'; 14, 14') on the floor plates (11) the connecting rods (48) can be received and retained in the sections of the said recesses (50) respectively facing the hollow body ceiling (15).
  10. Room module system according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterised in that the floor plates (11) are connected with the hollow body walls (13, 13'; 14, 14') by means of glue joints (51).
  11. Room module system according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the room modules are furnished with channels (26, 43), which extend in each of the floor plates (11) and the hollow body walls (13, 13'; 14, 14'), for installations, electrical leads and the like.
  12. Room module system according to claim 11, characterised in that installation channels (43) which are open relative to the interior at least in sections and are closable by means of covers (44), extend along in the floor plate parallel to the hollow body walls (13, 13').
  13. Room module system according to claim 12, characterised in that the floor plates (11) are provided in the region of the installation channels (43) with passages (46) at the end faces.
  14. Room module system according to claim 12 or 13, characterised in that passages (45), which are arranged at mutual spacings on the base of installation channels (43) in the longitudinal direction thereof, extend through the floor plate (11).
  15. Room module system according to claim 11, characterised in that cable channels (26) are arranged to extend at mutual spacings in the hollow body walls (13, 13'; 14, 14') and rise up from the contact surfaces between the hollow body walls (13, 13'; 14, 14') and the floor plate (11) out of wall cut-outs (27) at the side of the room interior.
  16. Room module system according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that transport sleeves (61) with interior threads are anchored in the walls (13, 13'; 14, 14') at least in the corner regions of the room modules (10) to be accessible from the ceiling thereof.
  17. Room module system according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that wall cut-outs (62) are provided at least in the corner regions of the room modules (10) adjoining the respective floor plate (11) as well as centring sleeves (63) open towards these wall cut-outs (62) are anchored in the walls (13, 13'; 14, 14') and that a vertical recess (64) aligned with each centring sleeve (63) and intended for the reception of a height-adjusting bolt (65), which in the installed state is supported on a foundation or a room module (10) of a lower storey, extends through the floor plate (11).
  18. Room module system according to claim 16 or 17, characterised in that a respective anchoring rod (60) is embedded in the walls (13, 13', 14, 14') in the corner regions of the room modules (10) and that a transport sleeve (61) and a centring sleeve (62) are firmly connected with the mutually remote ends of the anchoring rods (60).
  19. Room module system according to claim 18, characterised in that on erection of multi-storey buildings with room modules (10) arranged one above the other, respective height-adjusting bolts are threadable into the transport sleeves (61) of the lower room modules (65) and after placing of the room modules (10) one on the other penetrate the floor plate (11) of the upper room module in the recesses (64), which are arranged in the respective corner region in alignment with the centring sleeve associated with this corner region, as well as enable an adjustment in height of the upper room module by a greater or lesser extent of screwing into the receiving transport sleeve (61) of the lower room module.
  20. Room module system according to one of claims 15 to 19, characterised in that room modules (10) for multi-storey buildings are provided with recesses (57) vertically extending from the ceiling (15) into the walls and the floor plates (11) of the modules respectively lying above have recesses (56), which are in alignment with the recesses (57) and reach up to the region of wall cut-outs (27) at the side of the room interior, for the reception of special connecting rods (55).
  21. Room module system according to claim 20, characterised in that the recesses (56, 57) for the reception of the connecting rods (58) are arranged in alignment with the cable channels (26) extending in the walls and that the recesses (57) in the floor plates reach to underside wall cut-outs (27) of the cable channels (26).
  22. Room module system according to one of claims 19 to 20, characterised in that in the case of multi-storey buildings with room modules (10) placed one above the other, connecting rods (55) are received in the recesses (56, 57), which extend from the ceiling (15) out in the walls (13, 13'; 14, 14') of the respective lower room module (10) and through the floor plate (11) of the upper room module, and bridge over the separating joint between the room modules standing one above the other whilst forming grouting gaps (58) and the room modules are fixedly connected together by casting around the connecting rods with a casting mass.
EP95118043A 1994-12-16 1995-11-16 System of constructional volumes for the erection of buildings Expired - Lifetime EP0717158B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4444921 1994-12-16
DE4444921A DE4444921C2 (en) 1994-12-16 1994-12-16 Room block system for the erection of buildings

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0717158A2 EP0717158A2 (en) 1996-06-19
EP0717158A3 EP0717158A3 (en) 1997-05-14
EP0717158B1 true EP0717158B1 (en) 2001-05-30

Family

ID=6536030

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95118043A Expired - Lifetime EP0717158B1 (en) 1994-12-16 1995-11-16 System of constructional volumes for the erection of buildings

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0717158B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE201731T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4444921C2 (en)

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DE202015105915U1 (en) 2015-11-05 2016-01-07 Immobilien Zentrum Gesellschaft mbH modular house

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DE202016104722U1 (en) * 2016-08-29 2016-09-08 Immobilien Zentrum Gesellschaft mbH modular house

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DE202015105915U1 (en) 2015-11-05 2016-01-07 Immobilien Zentrum Gesellschaft mbH modular house

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59509304D1 (en) 2001-07-05
DE4444921C2 (en) 1998-04-09
DE4444921A1 (en) 1996-06-27
EP0717158A3 (en) 1997-05-14
EP0717158A2 (en) 1996-06-19
ATE201731T1 (en) 2001-06-15

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