EP0715288B1 - Method and device for reducing the amount of data to be transmitted from vehicles of a fleet of sample vehicles - Google Patents

Method and device for reducing the amount of data to be transmitted from vehicles of a fleet of sample vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0715288B1
EP0715288B1 EP95250283A EP95250283A EP0715288B1 EP 0715288 B1 EP0715288 B1 EP 0715288B1 EP 95250283 A EP95250283 A EP 95250283A EP 95250283 A EP95250283 A EP 95250283A EP 0715288 B1 EP0715288 B1 EP 0715288B1
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Prior art keywords
vehicle
data
preset
positional data
computer
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EP95250283A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0715288A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Dipl.-Ing. Hort
Werner Dr.Rer.Nat. Schulz
Josef Dipl.-Ing. Heimann
Andreas Dipl.-Phys. Widl
Karlheinz Dipl.-Math. Schlottbom
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ATX Europe GmbH
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Mannesmann AG
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Priority claimed from DE19521919A external-priority patent/DE19521919C2/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/20Monitoring the location of vehicles belonging to a group, e.g. fleet of vehicles, countable or determined number of vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for reducing an Vehicles of a sample vehicle fleet to be transferred from Vehicle data, information about the operating status and / or about the Environment of the vehicles included, and location data, the information about the Position of the vehicles in a predetermined coordinate system specific point in time at which the vehicle and position data in certain intervals, which a predetermined period of time or a correspond to the specified route, recorded and sent to a traffic computer be transmitted.
  • Traffic or road condition data to a sample vehicle fleet use individual sample vehicles referred to as "floating cars" for example, predetermined vehicle data and associated data via radio Transmit position data to a receiving point of a traffic computer.
  • the traffic computer can then use this data using predetermined algorithms Determine traffic situation or, for example, draw conclusions about environmental conditions such as wetness or icing of the road, fog etc.
  • predetermined algorithms Determine traffic situation or, for example, draw conclusions about environmental conditions such as wetness or icing of the road, fog etc.
  • a radio network such as Example a GSM network does not have unlimited capacity, causing it to overload of the network can come.
  • the traffic calculator must be based on the predetermined algorithms from the received data sets Calculate information or predictions.
  • the computing load of the Traffic calculator the larger the amount of data to be processed.
  • the transmitted from each "floating car" in the fleet according to a fixed scheme data records almost always contain a part that is currently superfluous, so-called redundant data that unnecessarily increase the computing load, which may a. especially then the case is when multiple vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet share the same road or drive on the same type of road.
  • a device for performing the method is to be specified.
  • the invention provides that the detected vehicle and position data already in Vehicle of at least one predetermined class of vehicle and position data, that correspond to a certain typical vehicle behavior. These classes are called vehicle behavior patterns.
  • the assigned Vehicle behavior pattern is compared with the position data of the sample vehicle transmitted at least partially in coded form to the traffic computer.
  • a particularly strong reduction in those to be transmitted to the traffic computer The amount of data is achieved in that only the identifier of the assigned predefined vehicle behavior pattern with the position data of the sample vehicle is transmitted to the traffic computer.
  • Electronic data acquisition and processing continues to be simplified in that the assignment of the detected vehicle and position data to by at least one of the predefined vehicle behavior patterns existing on-board computer in the vehicle, so that the required Hardware expenditure remains low.
  • a particularly low computing effort when assigning vehicle behavior patterns the detected vehicle and position data can be achieved in that the assignment to at least one of the predefined vehicle behavior patterns done by the on-board computer using fuzzy logic.
  • the transmission of the data to the traffic computer can expediently further reduce that current vehicle and position data assigned predefined vehicle behavior patterns with the immediately preceding the predetermined vehicle behavior patterns assigned to the vehicle and position data is compared and only if the two do not match Vehicle behavior pattern data is transmitted to the traffic computer.
  • the classified data will only be transferred if there is a change of the Vehicle behavior pattern, which e.g. usually the case is when the road type was changed by the sample vehicle or the Traffic situation (traffic density) has changed. It is under certain Under certain circumstances advantageous if the two vehicle behavior patterns match only the position data is transmitted to the traffic computer.
  • the traffic computer knows the exact position data of the Sample vehicle and knows due to the non-transmitted vehicle behavior pattern, that the last transmitted vehicle behavior pattern continues is valid.
  • the assigned to the detected vehicle and position data predefined vehicle behavior patterns with one specifically from the traffic computer predetermined vehicle behavior pattern is compared and only at Agreement of these two vehicle behavior patterns to a data transmission the traffic computer is done.
  • the specification can e.g. by submitting the Identification of this vehicle behavior pattern to all sample vehicles.
  • the vehicle behavior patterns from Traffic computers are specified, advantageously via an installed Cellular phone network or other wireless connection.
  • the Vehicle behavior patterns by classifying those that are constantly occurring in the vehicle Vehicle data can be determined by the on-board computer itself.
  • the on-board computer searches using the acquired vehicle data with the aid of predefined computing algorithms typical classifications (vehicle behavior patterns) for vehicle behavior the basis of the assignment, i.e. as a predetermined vehicle behavior pattern act.
  • the vehicle behavior patterns determined in this way are automatically changed by the on-board computer when the conditions change customized.
  • the specified calculation algorithms ensure that the Traffic computer only data that are used to record the Traffic situation needed.
  • the (predefined) vehicle behavior patterns determined by the on-board computer are displayed together with the associated location coordinates the traffic computer transmitted.
  • Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the Traffic calculator predefined vehicle behavior pattern regardless of Driving behavior of the driver. That will e.g. reached when the given Vehicle behavior patterns were averaged across many drivers.
  • the specification of such vehicle behavior patterns that are independent of the driver's driving behavior make it possible that from the constantly occurring vehicle and position data Comparison with the specified vehicle behavior patterns, driving behavior patterns, that correspond to the typical driving behavior of the driver are determined; and that the driver's driving behavior patterns with every vehicle or driver change Hand over the on-board computer of the new or old vehicle in anonymized form can be.
  • the handover could be in the form of magnetic cards or the like take place in a corresponding reading and writing device in Vehicle are introduced and a concordance between the generally applicable ones predefined vehicle behavior patterns and the corresponding one create individual driving behavior.
  • a vehicle in a sample fleet has sensors installed in the vehicle; the sensors record continuously changing state variables such as B. the Speed, the steering wheel angle, the engine speed, the outside temperature, the Humidity, etc.
  • the vehicle also has sensors that are discrete State variables, such as B. the position of various switches (wipers, Light, fog light, rear window heating, hazard warning lights, etc.).
  • the Vehicle is also equipped with devices that in the vehicle Show operation of active devices (actuators) such as of the anti-lock braking system (ABS), the traction control system (ASR), the airbag, the accident data recorder (UDS) etc.
  • the vehicle also has a GPS receiver (GPS equals global Positioning System) as a positioning device.
  • the GPS receiver continuously generates position data at predetermined time intervals that the current position (length, width, time) of the vehicle in a predetermined Coordinate system (longitude, latitude) included, and if necessary direction and / or Speed data about the current direction of movement of the Vehicle.
  • the from the sensors, the GPS receiver (movement data) and the Devices for displaying the operation of the actuators generate the data Vehicle data in connection with the corresponding position data (including the associated time data) information about the traffic situation and contain the road condition.
  • the vehicle data are collected at regular intervals by an on-board computer queried and for example in a ring buffer or in a ring buffer organized normal storage in the form of records, so that all over vehicle data accumulated during a certain previous period is available are.
  • Each data record includes the in a precisely defined order corresponding vehicle data, the time data, the position data, the Speed, the direction of movement and so on.
  • the ring buffer will for example, continuously with new data records by overwriting the oldest Data records filled, so that only the time history of the vehicle data on the immediately preceding period is available for evaluation.
  • the on-board computer retrieves the content of the Ring memory in the working memory and assigns that class to the vehicle data to which the data belongs.
  • the specified vehicle behavior patterns advantageously stored in corresponding tables, so that the assignment to at least one of the predefined behavior patterns by the on-board computer can be done quickly with the help of fuzzy logic.
  • the classes are generated by the traffic computer predetermined and each include the entirety of vehicle data that one correspond to certain typical vehicle behavior. That means one A large number of combinations of vehicle data is assigned to a single class, all of the vehicle data belonging to a class typical of the same Behavior of a vehicle in traffic.
  • the cover from Traffic calculator given classes all practically possible combinations of Vehicle data from; each vehicle data combination can have at least one assigned to a given class.
  • Two classes can use the data For example, be assigned if there is only one in the recorded period Driving on the highway and then the vehicle on one Rest area was parked.
  • the classes are called vehicle behavior patterns designated. The assignment of the data recorded in the vehicle is strong Reduction in the amount of data connected.
  • the classification corresponds to Vehicle data of a higher data quality, i.e. the recorded data indicate their Preparation in the form of the class assignment only has the characteristics required for the Further processing by the traffic computer, for example to determine the Traffic conditions are essential.
  • To carry out the classification of the vehicle data is stored in the sample vehicle by the on-board computer in the memory Computer program started, the data according to a predetermined algorithm classified. If an unambiguous assignment of the vehicle data fails, then either the vehicle data is transmitted unprocessed or it is in this If no data is transmitted to the traffic computer at all.
  • the classes are specified, i.e. of the Vehicle behavior patterns not through the traffic computer, but the classes are determined by the on-board computer based on the vehicle data.
  • the on-board computer evaluates the vehicle data so that it can be used with the help predefined calculation algorithms typical, i.e. recurring Data combinations determine and this a class, a vehicle behavior pattern assigns.
  • the class assignment of the vehicle data can e.g. thereby supported be that the driver via the on-board computer in the class recognition phase Pressing a button tells which driving maneuver he is currently performing or which one Road type he is currently moving with the vehicle, so the behavior patterns of the To capture the sample vehicle faster and more precisely.
  • the full records of the Transfer vehicle and position data to the traffic computer only that assigned vehicle behavior patterns in the form of an identifier together with the Position data of the sample vehicle.
  • the data transfer takes place via Radiotelephone.
  • the current vehicle behavior pattern cyclically or under special conditions compared to the vehicle behavior pattern that immediately before that as the penultimate has been determined from the vehicle data by the on-board computer.
  • the two agree Pattern either no information is transmitted to the traffic computer, or the traffic computer only the position data of the sample vehicle communicated.
  • the latter has the advantage that the traffic computer also has the current knows the geographical positions of the sample vehicles of the fleet.
  • the Traffic calculator can also use one of the vehicle behavior patterns for the sample vehicles Specify specifically so that a message to the traffic computer with The current vehicle position is only specified if this is from the vehicle data determined current vehicle behavior patterns with the specially specified pattern matches. This is e.g. then useful if for the traffic computer Calculating the traffic situation is only of interest on which streets in which Areas congestion occur; in such a case, the sample vehicles only the vehicle behavior pattern "traffic jam" specified, so that when a Traffic jams from the sample vehicles located there transmit data to the Traffic calculator takes place, but otherwise no data is transmitted.
  • the vehicle behavior patterns specified by the traffic computer can be independent of the driving behavior of the respective driver, especially if in determining the behavior patterns of the sample vehicles across many drivers was averaged.
  • the sample vehicles are expediently driver-independent Vehicle behavior patterns specified.
  • To the different driving behavior of the To be able to take individual drivers into account is initially based on the current Vehicle data on the basis of those specified by the traffic computer driver-independent pattern determines at least one driver behavior pattern; this are then taken into account when classifying the vehicle data. So corresponds, for example, to the medium-sized vehicle behavior pattern "Autobahn" Vehicle speed of 130 km / h.
  • An older or particularly careful driver drives on the highway e.g.
  • the driver behavior patterns of the new driver could change On-board computer of the vehicle are transmitted by the traffic computer, if one Corresponding data exchange with identifying data between vehicle and Traffic calculator done. However, this is generally not desirable.
  • the driver behavior pattern is based on, for example stored on a magnetic card or other mobile storage medium and that the driver of this storage medium when changing the vehicle a corresponding device in the vehicle reads, so that the On-board computer in this way about the typical driving behavior of this driver is informed.
  • the driver behavior patterns are thus transferred entirely anonymous.
  • the figure shows an embodiment of a device for reducing an Vehicles of a sample vehicle fleet to be transferred from Vehicle and position data.
  • the device has a transmission and Receiver unit 1 for data transmission.
  • the Device a central processor unit (CPU) 2 with a data bus 3rd connected is.
  • the data bus 3 is an organized as a ring memory Storage area 4 for storing the acquired data and a working storage area 5 connected, with a computer program in the working memory area 5 Assignment of the vehicle data to one of the predetermined classes of vehicle and Position data that corresponds to a certain typical vehicle behavior, is filed.
  • Sensors / actuators 6 are in the vehicle for recording the vehicle data arranged, which are also connected to the data bus 3.
  • the device instructs to determine the position data and special vehicle data (Speed, direction of movement) a GPS receiver 7.
  • the GPS receiver 7 is via the data bus 3 with the central processor unit (CPU) 2 electrically connected.
  • the device is wireless with one Traffic computer 8 can be connected to a transmitting and receiving unit 9 is equipped.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The data reduction system is used for the data provided by the floating car relating to the traffic and road conditions and the vehicle position within a defined coordinate system relative to a given target point. The vehicle data and position data is assigned to a corresponding class in dependence on typical vehicle characteristics, with transmission of this class, together with the position data, in coded form to the central traffic management processor. Pref. only an identification for the detected vehicle characteristics pattern is transmitted to the central traffic management processor with the position data of the floating car.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung einer aus Fahrzeugen einer Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte zu übertragenden Datenmenge von Fahrzeugdaten, die Informationen über den Betriebszustand und/oder über die Umgebung der Fahrzeuge enthalten, und Positionsdaten, die Informationen über die Position der Fahrzeuge in einem vorbestimmten Koordinatensystem zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt enthalten, bei dem die Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten in bestimmten Abständen, welche einer vorgegebenen Zeitspanne oder einer vorgegebenen Wegstrecke entsprechen, erfaßt und an einen Verkehrsrechner übertragen werden.The invention relates to a method and a device for reducing an Vehicles of a sample vehicle fleet to be transferred from Vehicle data, information about the operating status and / or about the Environment of the vehicles included, and location data, the information about the Position of the vehicles in a predetermined coordinate system specific point in time at which the vehicle and position data in certain intervals, which a predetermined period of time or a correspond to the specified route, recorded and sent to a traffic computer be transmitted.

Aus der nicht vorveröffentlichten DE 195 08 486 ist es bekannt, zur Ermittlung von Verkehrslage- oder Straßenzustandsdaten eine Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte zu verwenden, bei der einzelne als "Floating Cars" bezeichnete Stichprobenfahrzeuge zum Beispiel über Funk vorbestimmte Fahrzeugdaten und dazugehörige Positionsdaten an eine Empfangsstelle eines Verkehrsrechners übermitteln. Mit Hilfe dieser Daten kann dann der Verkehrsrechner anhand vorbestimmter Algorithmen die Verkehrslage ermitteln oder zum Beispiel Rückschlüsse auf Umgebungsbedingungen wie Nässe oder Vereisung der Straße, Nebel etc. gewinnen. Dazu ist es zum Beispiel möglich, kontinuierlich oder in vorbestimmten Zeitabständen Datensätze, die die Positionsdaten der Fahrzeuge der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte und die entsprechenden Fahrzeugdaten aufweisen, von den Stichprobenfahrzeugen an die Empfangsstelle des Verkehrsrechners zu übermitteln.From the unpublished DE 195 08 486 it is known to determine Traffic or road condition data to a sample vehicle fleet use individual sample vehicles referred to as "floating cars" for example, predetermined vehicle data and associated data via radio Transmit position data to a receiving point of a traffic computer. With help The traffic computer can then use this data using predetermined algorithms Determine traffic situation or, for example, draw conclusions about environmental conditions such as wetness or icing of the road, fog etc. For example, it is possible to record continuously or at predetermined intervals the Position data of the vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet and the corresponding ones Have vehicle data from the sample vehicles to the receiving point of the To transmit traffic calculator.

Ein solches System hat verschiedene Nachteile. Erstens hat ein Funknetz wie zum Beispiel ein GSM-Netz keine unbegrenzte Kapazität, so daß es zu einer Überlastung des Netzes kommen kann. Zweitens muß der Verkehrsrechner anhand der vorbestimmten Algorithmen aus den empfangenen Datensätzen die gewünschten Informationen oder Vorhersagen errechnen. Dabei wird die Rechenlast des Verkehrsrechners umso größer, je größer die zu verarbeitende Datenmenge ist. Die von jedem "Floating Car" der Flotte nach einem festen Schema übermittelten Datensätze enthalten aber fast immer einen Teil momentan überflüssige, sogenannte redundante Daten, die die Rechenlast unnötig erhöhen, was u. a. insbesondere dann der Fall ist, wenn mehrere Fahrzeuge der Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte dieselbe Straße oder auch denselben Straßentyp befahren.Such a system has several disadvantages. First, a radio network such as Example a GSM network does not have unlimited capacity, causing it to overload of the network can come. Second, the traffic calculator must be based on the predetermined algorithms from the received data sets Calculate information or predictions. The computing load of the Traffic calculator, the larger the amount of data to be processed. The transmitted from each "floating car" in the fleet according to a fixed scheme However, data records almost always contain a part that is currently superfluous, so-called redundant data that unnecessarily increase the computing load, which may a. especially then the case is when multiple vehicles in the sample vehicle fleet share the same road or drive on the same type of road.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Reduzierung der aus den Fahrzeugen einer Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte an einen Verkehrsrechner zu übertragenden Datenmenge anzugeben, das eine deutliche Verringerung der Datenmenge ohne unzulässige Einbußen bei der statistischen Aussagefähigkeit der übertragenen Daten ermöglicht. Außerdem soll eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens angegeben werden.It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for reducing the amount of data to be transmitted from the vehicles of a sample vehicle fleet to a traffic computer, which enables a significant reduction in the amount of data without undue losses in the statistical significance of the transmitted data. In addition, a device for performing the method is to be specified.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe hinsichtlich des Verfahrens ist erfindungsgemäß gekennzeichnet durch die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale. Durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der Unteransprüche 2 bis 13 ist dieses Verfahren in vorteilhafter Weise weiter ausgestaltbar. Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens weist die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 14 auf.The solution to this problem with regard to the method is characterized according to the invention by the features specified in claim 1. Due to the characterizing features of subclaims 2 to 13, this method can advantageously be further developed. A device for carrying out the method according to the invention has the features of claim 14.

Die Erfindung sieht vor, daß die erfaßten Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten bereits im Fahrzeug mindestens einer vorgegebenen Klasse von Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten, die einem bestimmten typischen Fahrzeugverhalten entsprechen, zugeordnet werden. Diese Klassen werden als Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster bezeichnet. Das zugeordnete Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster wird mit den Positionsdaten des Stichprobenfahrzeugs mindestens teilweise in kodierter Form an den Verkehrsrechner übertragen.The invention provides that the detected vehicle and position data already in Vehicle of at least one predetermined class of vehicle and position data, that correspond to a certain typical vehicle behavior. These classes are called vehicle behavior patterns. The assigned Vehicle behavior pattern is compared with the position data of the sample vehicle transmitted at least partially in coded form to the traffic computer.

Hierdurch wird eine starke Reduzierung der an den Verkehrsrechner zu übertragenden Datenmenge erreicht, ohne daß dem Verkehrsrechner wesentliche, für die Berechnung beispielweise der Verkehrslage notwendige Informationen fehlen. Die Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten werden bereits im Fahrzeug durch die Zuordnung zu bestimmten Fahrzeugverhaltensmustern in einer solchen Form aufbereitet, daß der Verkehrsrechner die übermittelten Daten unmittelbar für die Verkehrslageberechnung einsetzen kann. Aufgrund der so erzielten hohen Datenqualität kann jedes Stichprobenfahrzeug darüber hinaus mit verhältnismäßig geringem Aufwand in vielen Fällen anhand von Vorgaben selbständig entscheiden, ob eine Kommunikationsaufnahme zur Datenübermittlung an den Verkehrsrechner erforderlich ist.This will greatly reduce the amount of data to be transmitted to the traffic computer Amount of data reached without the traffic computer essential for the Calculation, for example, of the necessary traffic situation information is missing. The Vehicle and position data are already assigned in the vehicle certain vehicle behavior patterns prepared in such a form that the Traffic computer the transmitted data directly for the traffic situation calculation can use. Because of the high data quality achieved in this way, everyone can Sample vehicle also with relatively little effort in many Decide independently on the basis of guidelines whether a Communication required to transmit data to the traffic computer is.

Eine besonders starke Reduzierung der an den Verkehrsrechner zu übertragenden Datenmenge wird dadurch erreicht, daß nur noch die Kennung des zugeordneten vorgegebenen Fahrzeugverhaltensmusters mit den Positionsdaten des Stichprobenfahrzeugs an den Verkehrsrechner übertragen wird.A particularly strong reduction in those to be transmitted to the traffic computer The amount of data is achieved in that only the identifier of the assigned predefined vehicle behavior pattern with the position data of the sample vehicle is transmitted to the traffic computer.

Die elektronische Datenerfassung und -aufbereitung vereinfacht sich weiterhin dadurch, daß die Zuordnung der erfaßten Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten zu mindestens einem der vorgegebenen Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster durch einen ohnehin im Fahrzeug vorhandenen Bordcomputer erfolgt, so daß der erforderliche Hardwareaufwand gering bleibt.Electronic data acquisition and processing continues to be simplified in that the assignment of the detected vehicle and position data to by at least one of the predefined vehicle behavior patterns existing on-board computer in the vehicle, so that the required Hardware expenditure remains low.

Eine besonders geringer Rechenaufwand bei der Fahrzeugverhaltensmusterzuordnung der erfaßten Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten läßt sich dadurch erzielen, daß die Zuordnung zu mindestens einem der vorgegebenen Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster durch den Bordcomputer mit Hilfe der Fuzzy-Logik erfolgt.A particularly low computing effort when assigning vehicle behavior patterns the detected vehicle and position data can be achieved in that the assignment to at least one of the predefined vehicle behavior patterns done by the on-board computer using fuzzy logic.

Die Übertragung der Daten an den Verkehrsrechner läßt sich zweckmäßigerweise dadurch weiter reduzieren, daß das den erfaßten Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten aktuell zugeordnete vorgegebene Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster mit dem unmittelbar davor den erfaßten Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten zugeordneten vorgegebenen Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster verglichen wird und nur bei Nichtübereinstimmung der beiden Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster eine Datenübertragung an den Verkehrsrechner erfolgt. Die klassifizierten Daten werden also nur dann übertragen, wenn ein Wechsel des Fahrzeugverhaltensmusters stattgefunden hat, was z.B. normalerweise dann der Fall ist, wenn der Straßentyp vom Stichprobenfahrzeug gewechselt wurde oder sich die Verkehrssituation (Verkehrsdichte) geändert hat. Dabei ist es unter bestimmten Umständen vorteilhaft, wenn bei Übereinstimmung der beiden Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster nur eine Übertragung der Positionsdaten an den Verkehrsrechner erfolgt. Der Verkehrsrechner kennt in diesem Fall die genauen Positionsdaten des Stichprobenfahrzeugs und weiß aufgrund des nicht mitübertragenen Fahrzeugverhaltensmusters, daß das zuletzt übermittelte Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster weiterhin gültig ist.The transmission of the data to the traffic computer can expediently further reduce that current vehicle and position data assigned predefined vehicle behavior patterns with the immediately preceding the predetermined vehicle behavior patterns assigned to the vehicle and position data is compared and only if the two do not match Vehicle behavior pattern data is transmitted to the traffic computer. The classified data will only be transferred if there is a change of the Vehicle behavior pattern, which e.g. usually the case is when the road type was changed by the sample vehicle or the Traffic situation (traffic density) has changed. It is under certain Under certain circumstances advantageous if the two vehicle behavior patterns match only the position data is transmitted to the traffic computer. Of the In this case, the traffic computer knows the exact position data of the Sample vehicle and knows due to the non-transmitted vehicle behavior pattern, that the last transmitted vehicle behavior pattern continues is valid.

Um den Bedarf des Verkehrsrechners an bestimmten Informationen bei gleichzeitiger Verringerung der Datenmenge besser steuern zu können, ohne die Rechenlast des Verkehrsrechners und ohne die Kommunikationsverbindungen unnötig zu belasten, ist es vorgesehen, daß das den erfaßten Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten zugeordnete vorgegebene Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster mit einem vom Verkehrsrechner speziell vorgegebenen Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster verglichen wird und nur bei Übereinstimmung dieser beiden Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster eine Datenübertragung an den Verkehrsrechner erfolgt. Die Vorgabe kann dabei z.B. durch die Übermittlung der Kennung dieses Fahrzeugverhaltensmusters an alle Stichprobenfahrzeuge erfolgen.To meet the needs of the traffic calculator for certain information at the same time Controlling the reduction in the amount of data better without the computing load of the Traffic computer and without unnecessarily burdening the communication connections it is provided that the assigned to the detected vehicle and position data predefined vehicle behavior patterns with one specifically from the traffic computer predetermined vehicle behavior pattern is compared and only at Agreement of these two vehicle behavior patterns to a data transmission the traffic computer is done. The specification can e.g. by submitting the Identification of this vehicle behavior pattern to all sample vehicles.

Zu Beginn der Stichprobennahme durch die Stichprobenfahrzeuge oder bei einer Änderung der speziell vorgegebenen Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster durch den Verkehrsrechner ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster vom Verkehrsrechner vorgegeben werden, und zwar vorteilhafterweise über ein installiertes Funktelefonnetz oder eine sonstige Drahtlosverbindung.At the start of sampling by the sample vehicles or at a Change of the specifically prescribed vehicle behavior patterns by the Traffic calculator it is useful if the vehicle behavior patterns from Traffic computers are specified, advantageously via an installed Cellular phone network or other wireless connection.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, daß die Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster durch Klassifizierung der ständig im Fahrzeug anfallenden Fahrzeugdaten vom Bordcomputer selbst bestimmt werden. Der Bordcomputer sucht dabei anhand der erfaßten Fahrzeugdaten mit Hilfe vorgegebener Rechenalgorithmen typische Klasseneinteilungen (Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster) für das Fahrzeugverhalten heraus, die der Zuordnug zugrunde gelegt werden, also als vorgegebene Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster fungieren. Die auf diesem Wege bestimmten Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster werden vom Bordcomputer bei sich verändernden Bedingungen automatisch angepaßt. Dabei stellen die vorgegebenen Rechenalgorithmen sicher, daß an den Verkehrsrechner nur Daten übertragen werden, die dieser zur Erfassung der Verkehrslage benötigt. Die vom Bordcomputer ermittelten (vorgegebenen) Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster werden jeweils zusammen mit den zugehörigen Ortskoordinaten an den Verkehrsrechner übermittelt. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the Vehicle behavior patterns by classifying those that are constantly occurring in the vehicle Vehicle data can be determined by the on-board computer itself. The on-board computer searches using the acquired vehicle data with the aid of predefined computing algorithms typical classifications (vehicle behavior patterns) for vehicle behavior the basis of the assignment, i.e. as a predetermined vehicle behavior pattern act. The vehicle behavior patterns determined in this way are automatically changed by the on-board computer when the conditions change customized. The specified calculation algorithms ensure that the Traffic computer only data that are used to record the Traffic situation needed. The (predefined) vehicle behavior patterns determined by the on-board computer are displayed together with the associated location coordinates the traffic computer transmitted.

Als besonders zweckmäßig hat es sich erwiesen, die Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster in Abhängigkeit vom Straßentyp zu bestimmen. So unterscheiden sich die Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster auf einer Autobahn wesentlich von denen auf einer Landstraße, wodurch sich eine Klassifizierung mit dem Straßentyp als Parameter als besonders günstig erweist.It has proven particularly expedient to show the vehicle behavior patterns in Determine dependence on the type of road. This is how the vehicle behavior patterns differ on a highway much different from those on a country road, which makes a classification with the street type as a parameter as special proves favorable.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die vom Verkehrsrechner vorgegebenen Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster unabhängig vom Fahrverhalten des Fahrers sind. Das wird z.B. erreicht, wenn die vorgegebenen Fahrzeugverhaltensmustern über viele Fahrer gemittelt wurden. Die Vorgabe solcher vom Fahrverhalten des Fahrers unabhängiger Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster macht es möglich, daß aus den ständig anfallenden Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten durch Vergleich mit den vorgegebenen Fahrzeugverhaltensmustern Fahrverhaltensmuster, die dem typischen Fahrverhalten des Fahrers entsprechen, bestimmt werden; und daß die Fahrverhaltensmuster des Fahrers bei jedem Fahrzeug- oder Fahrerwechsel dem Bordcomputer des neuen bzw. alten Fahrzeugs in anonymisierter Form übergeben werden können. Die Übergabe könnte dabei in Form von Magnetkarten oder dergleichen erfolgen, die in eine entsprechende Lese- und Schreibvorrichtung im Fahrzeug eingeführt werden und eine Konkordanz zwischen den allgemein gültigen vorgegebenen Fahrzeugverhaltensmustern und dem diesem entsprechenden individuellen Fahrverhalten herstellen.Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the Traffic calculator predefined vehicle behavior pattern regardless of Driving behavior of the driver. That will e.g. reached when the given Vehicle behavior patterns were averaged across many drivers. The specification of such vehicle behavior patterns that are independent of the driver's driving behavior make it possible that from the constantly occurring vehicle and position data Comparison with the specified vehicle behavior patterns, driving behavior patterns, that correspond to the typical driving behavior of the driver are determined; and that the driver's driving behavior patterns with every vehicle or driver change Hand over the on-board computer of the new or old vehicle in anonymized form can be. The handover could be in the form of magnetic cards or the like take place in a corresponding reading and writing device in Vehicle are introduced and a concordance between the generally applicable ones predefined vehicle behavior patterns and the corresponding one create individual driving behavior.

Zweckmäßigerweise umfaßt eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens:

  • Einrichtungen zum Erfassen der anfallenden Fahrzeugdaten und
  • eine Positionsbestimmungsvorrichtung zur Ermittlung der Positionsdaten sowie spezieller Fahrzeugdaten (Geschwindigkeit, Bewegungsrichtung) in bestimmten Abständen, welche einer vorgegebenen Zeitspanne oder einer vorgegebenen Wegstrecke entsprechen,
  • mindestens einen als Ringspeicher organisierten Speicherbereich zum Ablegen der erfaßten Daten
  • mindestens einen Arbeitsspeicherbereich mit einem Rechenprogramm zur Zuordnung der Fahrzeugdaten zu einer der vorgegebenen Klassen von Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten, die einem bestimmten typischen Fahrzeugverhalten entsprechen,
  • eine Einrichtung zur Übermittlung der Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten an den Verkehrsrechner,
  • eine zentrale Prozessoreinheit und
  • einen Datenbus, der mit den Einrichtungen verbunden ist.
A device for carrying out the method expediently comprises:
  • Devices for recording the vehicle data and
  • a position determining device for determining the position data as well as special vehicle data (speed, direction of movement) at certain intervals, which correspond to a predetermined time span or a predetermined distance,
  • at least one memory area organized as a ring memory for storing the acquired data
  • at least one working memory area with a computer program for assigning the vehicle data to one of the predetermined classes of vehicle and position data which correspond to a specific typical vehicle behavior,
  • a device for transmitting the vehicle and position data to the traffic computer,
  • a central processor unit and
  • a data bus connected to the devices.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels und der in der einzigen Figur dargestellten Vorrichtung.Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following Description of an embodiment and that shown in the single figure Contraption.

Ein Fahrzeug einer Stichprobenflotte weist in dem Fahrzeug installierte Sensoren auf; die Sensoren erfassen kontinuierlich veränderliche Zustandsgrößen wie z. B. die Geschwindigkeit, den Lenkradeinschlag, die Motordrehzahl, die Außentemperatur, die Luftfeuchtigkeit etc. Das Fahrzeug weist weiter Sensoren auf, die diskrete Zustandsgrößen, wie z. B. die Stellung verschiedener Schalter (Scheibenwischer, Licht, Nebellicht, Heckscheibenheizung, Warnblinkanlage etc.) erfassen. Das Fahrzeug ist weiterhin mit Vorrichtungen ausgestattet, die in dem Fahrzeug den Betrieb von aktiven Vorrichtungen (Aktoren) anzeigen wie z.B. des Antiblockiersystems (ABS), der Antriebsschlupfregelung (ASR), des Airbags, des Unfalldatenschreibers (UDS) etc. Das Fahrzeug besitzt außerdem einen GPS-Empfänger (GPS gleich Global Positioning System) als Positionsbestimmungsvorrichtung. Der GPS-Empfänger erzeugt fortlaufend in vorbestimmten Zeitabständen Positionsdaten, die die momentane Position (Länge, Breite, Zeit) des Fahrzeugs in einem vorbestimmten Koordinatensystem (Längengrade, Breitengrade) enthalten, sowie ggf. Richtungsund/oder Geschwindigkeitsdaten über die momentane Bewegungsrichtung des Fahrzeugs. Die von den Sensoren, dem GPS-Empfänger (Bewegungsdaten) und den Vorrichtungen zum Anzeigen des Betriebs der Aktoren erzeugten Daten bilden die Fahrzeugdaten, die in Verbindung mit den entsprechenden Positionsdaten (einschließlich der zugeordneten Zeitdaten) Informationen über die Verkehrslage und den Straßenzustand enthalten.A vehicle in a sample fleet has sensors installed in the vehicle; the sensors record continuously changing state variables such as B. the Speed, the steering wheel angle, the engine speed, the outside temperature, the Humidity, etc. The vehicle also has sensors that are discrete State variables, such as B. the position of various switches (wipers, Light, fog light, rear window heating, hazard warning lights, etc.). The Vehicle is also equipped with devices that in the vehicle Show operation of active devices (actuators) such as of the anti-lock braking system (ABS), the traction control system (ASR), the airbag, the accident data recorder (UDS) etc. The vehicle also has a GPS receiver (GPS equals global Positioning System) as a positioning device. The GPS receiver continuously generates position data at predetermined time intervals that the current position (length, width, time) of the vehicle in a predetermined Coordinate system (longitude, latitude) included, and if necessary direction and / or Speed data about the current direction of movement of the Vehicle. The from the sensors, the GPS receiver (movement data) and the Devices for displaying the operation of the actuators generate the data Vehicle data in connection with the corresponding position data (including the associated time data) information about the traffic situation and contain the road condition.

Die Fahrzeugdaten werden in regelmäßigen Zeitabständen von einem Bordcomputer abgefragt und beispielsweise in einem Ringspeicher oder in einem als Ringspeicher organisierten normalen Speicher in Form von Datensätzen abgelegt, so daß alle über einen bestimmten vorangegangenen Zeitraum angefallenen Fahrzeugdaten verfügbar sind. Zu jedem Datensatz gehören jeweils in genau festgelegter Reihenfolge die entsprechenden Fahrzeugdaten, die Zeitdaten, die Positionsdaten, die Geschwindigkeit, die Bewegungsrichtung und so weiter. Der Ringspeicher wird beispielsweise fortlaufend mit neuen Datensätzen durch Überschreiben der ältesten Datensätze gefüllt, so daß immer nur der zeitliche Verlauf der Fahrzeugdaten über den unmittelbar vorangegangenen Zeitraum zum Auswerten zur Verfügung steht. Zur Reduzierung der erfaßten Datenmenge holt der Bordcomputer den Inhalt des Ringspeichers in den Arbeitsspeicher und ordnet den Fahrzeugdaten diejenige Klasse zu, zu der die Daten gehören. Dazu werden die vorgegebenen Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster vorteilhafterweise in entsprechenden Tabellen abgelegt, so daß die Zuordnung zu mindestens einem der vorgegebenen Verhaltensmuster durch den Bordcomputer mit Hilfe der Fuzzy-Logik schnell erfolgen kann.The vehicle data are collected at regular intervals by an on-board computer queried and for example in a ring buffer or in a ring buffer organized normal storage in the form of records, so that all over vehicle data accumulated during a certain previous period is available are. Each data record includes the in a precisely defined order corresponding vehicle data, the time data, the position data, the Speed, the direction of movement and so on. The ring buffer will for example, continuously with new data records by overwriting the oldest Data records filled, so that only the time history of the vehicle data on the immediately preceding period is available for evaluation. For Reducing the amount of data recorded, the on-board computer retrieves the content of the Ring memory in the working memory and assigns that class to the vehicle data to which the data belongs. To do this, the specified vehicle behavior patterns advantageously stored in corresponding tables, so that the assignment to at least one of the predefined behavior patterns by the on-board computer can be done quickly with the help of fuzzy logic.

Die Klassen werden bei einer ersten Ausführungsform vom Verkehrsrechner vorgegeben und umfassen jeweils die Gesamtheit von Fahrzeugdaten, die einem bestimmten typischen Fahrzeugverhalten entsprechen. Das bedeutet, daß einer Vielzahl von Kombinationen der Fahrzeugdaten eine einzelne Klasse zugeordnet wird, wobei alle die Fahrzeugdaten einer Klasse angehören, die demselben typischen Verhalten eines Fahrzeugs im Straßenverkehr entsprechen. Dabei decken die vom Verkehrsrechner vorgegebenen Klassen alle praktisch möglichen Kombinationen der Fahrzeugdaten ab; jede Fahrzeugdatenkombination kann mindestens einer vorgegebenen Klasse zugeordnet werden. Zwei Klassen können den Daten beispielsweise dann zugeordnet werden, wenn in der erfaßten Zeitspanne erst eine Fahrt auf der Autobahn stattgefunden hat und das Fahrzeug anschließend auf einem Rastplatz eingeparkt wurde. Die Klassen werden als Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster bezeichnet. Die Zuordnung der im Fahrzeug erfaßten Daten ist mit einer starken Reduzierung der Datenmenge verbunden. Weiterhin entspricht die Klassifizierung der Fahrzeugdaten einer höheren Datenqualität, d.h. die erfaßten Daten weisen nach ihrer Aufbereitung in Form der Klassenzuordnung nur noch die Merkmale auf, die für die Weiterverarbeitung durch den Verkehrsrechner beispielweise zur Bestimmung der Verkehrslage wesentlich sind. Zur Durchführung der Klassifizierung der Fahrzeugdaten wird im Stichprobenfahrzeug durch den Bordcomputer ein im Speicher abgelegtes Rechenprogramm gestartet, welche die Daten nach einem vorgegebenen Algorithmus klassifiziert. Mißlingt eine eindeutige Zuordnung der Fahrzeugdaten, so werden entweder die Fahrzeugdaten unaufbereitet übertragen oder aber es werden in diesem Fall überhaupt keine Daten an den Verkehrsrechner übertragen. In a first embodiment, the classes are generated by the traffic computer predetermined and each include the entirety of vehicle data that one correspond to certain typical vehicle behavior. That means one A large number of combinations of vehicle data is assigned to a single class, all of the vehicle data belonging to a class typical of the same Behavior of a vehicle in traffic. The cover from Traffic calculator given classes all practically possible combinations of Vehicle data from; each vehicle data combination can have at least one assigned to a given class. Two classes can use the data For example, be assigned if there is only one in the recorded period Driving on the highway and then the vehicle on one Rest area was parked. The classes are called vehicle behavior patterns designated. The assignment of the data recorded in the vehicle is strong Reduction in the amount of data connected. Furthermore, the classification corresponds to Vehicle data of a higher data quality, i.e. the recorded data indicate their Preparation in the form of the class assignment only has the characteristics required for the Further processing by the traffic computer, for example to determine the Traffic conditions are essential. To carry out the classification of the vehicle data is stored in the sample vehicle by the on-board computer in the memory Computer program started, the data according to a predetermined algorithm classified. If an unambiguous assignment of the vehicle data fails, then either the vehicle data is transmitted unprocessed or it is in this If no data is transmitted to the traffic computer at all.

Bei einer zweiten Ausführungsform erfolgt die Vorgabe der Klassen, d.h. der Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster nicht durch den Verkehrsrechner, sondern die Klassen werden durch den Bordcomputer anhand der anfallenden Fahrzeugdaten bestimmt. Dazu wertet der Bordcomputer die Fahrzeugdaten dahingehend aus, daß er mit Hilfe vorgegebener Rechenalgorithmen typische, d.h. immer wieder auftretende Datenkombinationen bestimmt und diesen eine Klasse, ein Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster zuordnet. Die Klassenzuordnung der Fahrzeugdaten kann z.B. dadurch unterstützt werden, daß der Fahrer dem Bordcomputer in der Klassenerkennungsphase per Tastendruck mitteilt, welches Fahrmanöver er gerade ausführt oder auf welchem Straßentyp er sich gerade mit dem Fahrzeug bewegt, um so die Verhaltensmuster des Stichprobenfahrzeugs schneller und gezielter zu erfassen. Es ist aber auch möglich, die Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster allein mittels eines Rechenprogramms zu bestimmen. In diesem Fall ist es vorgesehen, daß alle Stichprobenfahrzeuge dasselbe Rechenprogramm zur Verhaltensmusterbestimmung verwenden. Das hat den Vorteil, daß dem Verkehrsrechner die Klassifizierungsgrundlage bekannt ist.In a second embodiment, the classes are specified, i.e. of the Vehicle behavior patterns not through the traffic computer, but the classes are determined by the on-board computer based on the vehicle data. For this purpose, the on-board computer evaluates the vehicle data so that it can be used with the help predefined calculation algorithms typical, i.e. recurring Data combinations determine and this a class, a vehicle behavior pattern assigns. The class assignment of the vehicle data can e.g. thereby supported be that the driver via the on-board computer in the class recognition phase Pressing a button tells which driving maneuver he is currently performing or which one Road type he is currently moving with the vehicle, so the behavior patterns of the To capture the sample vehicle faster and more precisely. But it is also possible to determine the vehicle behavior patterns solely by means of a computer program. In this case, it is provided that all of the sample vehicles are the same Use a computer program to determine behavior patterns. That has the advantage, that the traffic computer knows the classification basis.

Bei beiden Ausführungsformen werden nicht die vollständigen Datensätze der Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten an den Verkehrsrechner übertragen, sondern nur das zugeordnete Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster in Form einer Kennnung zusammen mit den Positionsdaten des Stichprobenfahrzeugs. Die Datenübertragung erfolgt dabei über Funktelefon. Um die Rechenlast des Verkehrsrechners weiter zu verringern, wird zyklisch oder unter speziellen Bedingungen das aktuelle Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster mit dem Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster verglichen, das unmittelbar davor als vorletztes vom Bordcomputer aus den Fahrzeugdaten ermittelt worden ist. Stimmen die beiden Muster überein, wird entweder keine Information an den Verkehrsrechner übertragen, oder dem Verkehrsrechner werden nur die Positionsdaten des Stichprobenfahrzeugs mitgeteilt. Letzteres hat den Vorteil, daß der Verkehrsrechner außerdem die aktuellen geographischen Positionen der Stichprobenfahrzeuge der Flotte kennt. Der Verkehrsrechner kann den Stichprobenfahrzeugen aber auch eines der Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster speziell vorgeben, so daß eine Meldung an den Verkehrsrechner mit Angabe der aktuellen Fahrzeugposition nur erfolgt, wenn das aus den Fahrzeugdaten ermittelte aktuelle Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster mit dem speziell vorgegebenen Muster übereinstimmt. Das ist z.B. dann zweckmäßig, wenn für den Verkehrsrechner zur Berechnung der Verkehrslage nur von Interesse ist, auf welchen Straßen in welchen Bereichen Staus auftreten; in einem solchen Fall wird den Stichprobenfahrzeugen lediglich das Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster "Stau" vorgegeben, so daß bei Auftreten eines Staus von den dort befindlichen Stichprobenfahrzeugen eine Datenübertragung an den Verkehrsrechner erfolgt, ansonsten aber keine Daten übertragen werden.In either embodiment, the full records of the Transfer vehicle and position data to the traffic computer, only that assigned vehicle behavior patterns in the form of an identifier together with the Position data of the sample vehicle. The data transfer takes place via Radiotelephone. To further reduce the computing load of the traffic computer, the current vehicle behavior pattern cyclically or under special conditions compared to the vehicle behavior pattern that immediately before that as the penultimate has been determined from the vehicle data by the on-board computer. The two agree Pattern, either no information is transmitted to the traffic computer, or the traffic computer only the position data of the sample vehicle communicated. The latter has the advantage that the traffic computer also has the current knows the geographical positions of the sample vehicles of the fleet. Of the Traffic calculator can also use one of the vehicle behavior patterns for the sample vehicles Specify specifically so that a message to the traffic computer with The current vehicle position is only specified if this is from the vehicle data determined current vehicle behavior patterns with the specially specified pattern matches. This is e.g. then useful if for the traffic computer Calculating the traffic situation is only of interest on which streets in which Areas congestion occur; in such a case, the sample vehicles only the vehicle behavior pattern "traffic jam" specified, so that when a Traffic jams from the sample vehicles located there transmit data to the Traffic calculator takes place, but otherwise no data is transmitted.

Die vom Verkehrsrechner vorgegebenen Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster können unabhängig vom Fahrverhalten des jeweiligen Fahrers sein, insbesondere dann, wenn bei der Bestimmung der Verhaltensmuster der Stichprobenfahrzeuge über viele Fahrer gemittelt wurde. Bei einer Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte, wo die Fahrer häufig wechseln, werden den Stichprobenfahrzeugen zweckmäßigerweise fahrerunabhängige Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster vorgegeben. Um das unterschiedliche Fahrverhalten der einzelnen Fahrer berücksichtigen zu können, wird zunächst aus den aktuellen Fahrzeugdaten unter Zugrundelegung der vom Verkehrsrechner vorgegebenen fahrerunabhängigen Muster mindestens ein Fahrerverhaltensmuster bestimmt; diese werden dann bei der Klassifizierung der anfallenden Fahrzeugdaten berücksichtigt. So entspricht beispielsweise dem Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster "Autobahn" eine mittlere Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit von 130 km/h. Ein älterer oder besonders vorsichtiger Fahrer fährt auf der Autobahn z.B. aber nur 90 km/h, verhält sich aber ansonsten auf der Autobahn im Mittel wie jeder andere Fahrer. Die Besonderheit dieses Fahrers, nämlich 90 km/h anstatt 130 km/h auf der Autobahn zu fahren, ist im Fahrerverhaltensmuster "Autobahn" enthalten; unter Berücksichtigung dieses Fahrerverhaltensmusters ordnet der Bordcomputer also den Fahrzeugdaten (mit der mittleren Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit 90 km/h) fehlerfrei das Fahrzeugverhaltensmuster "Autobahn" zu, also diejenige Klasse, zu der die Daten auch wirklich gehören.The vehicle behavior patterns specified by the traffic computer can be independent of the driving behavior of the respective driver, especially if in determining the behavior patterns of the sample vehicles across many drivers was averaged. In a sample vehicle fleet where drivers change frequently, the sample vehicles are expediently driver-independent Vehicle behavior patterns specified. To the different driving behavior of the To be able to take individual drivers into account is initially based on the current Vehicle data on the basis of those specified by the traffic computer driver-independent pattern determines at least one driver behavior pattern; this are then taken into account when classifying the vehicle data. So corresponds, for example, to the medium-sized vehicle behavior pattern "Autobahn" Vehicle speed of 130 km / h. An older or particularly careful driver drives on the highway e.g. but only 90 km / h, but otherwise behaves on the Motorway on average like any other driver. The peculiarity of this driver, namely Driving at 90 km / h instead of 130 km / h on the motorway is in the driver behavior pattern "Autobahn" included; orders taking into account this driver behavior pattern the on-board computer is the vehicle data (with the average vehicle speed 90 km / h) the vehicle behavior pattern "Autobahn", ie the one Class to which the data really belongs.

Beim Fahrerwechsel könnten die Fahrerverhaltensmuster des neuen Fahrers dem Bordcomputer des Fahrzeugs vom Verkehrsrechner übermittelt werden, sofern ein entsprechender Datenaustausch mit identifizierenden Daten zwischen Fahrzeug und Verkehrsrechner erfolgt. Dies ist jedoch im allgemeinen nicht erwünscht. Eine andere Möglichkeit besteht daher darin, daß die Fahrerverhaltensmuster beispielsweise auf einer Magnetkarte oder einem anderen mobilen Speichermedium abgespeichert werden und daß der Fahrer bei Wechsel des Fahrzeugs dieses Speichermedium von einer entsprechenden Vorrichtung in dem Fahrzeug lesen läßt, so daß der Bordcomputer auf diesem Wege über das typische Fahrverhalten dieses Fahrers informiert ist. Die Übergabe der Fahrerverhaltensmuster erfolgt dabei also völlig anonym. When changing drivers, the driver behavior patterns of the new driver could change On-board computer of the vehicle are transmitted by the traffic computer, if one Corresponding data exchange with identifying data between vehicle and Traffic calculator done. However, this is generally not desirable. Another It is therefore possible that the driver behavior pattern is based on, for example stored on a magnetic card or other mobile storage medium and that the driver of this storage medium when changing the vehicle a corresponding device in the vehicle reads, so that the On-board computer in this way about the typical driving behavior of this driver is informed. The driver behavior patterns are thus transferred entirely anonymous.

Die Figur zeigt eine Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung einer aus Fahrzeugen einer Stichprobenfahrzeugflotte zu übertragenden Datenmenge von Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten. Die Vorrichtung weist eine Sende- und Empfangseinheit 1 zur Datenübertragung auf. Wie die Figur erkennen läßt, umfaßt die Vorrichtung eine zentrale Prozessoreinheit (CPU) 2, die mit einem Datenbus 3 verbunden ist. Weiterhin sind mit dem Datenbus 3 ein als Ringspeicher organisierter Speicherbereich 4 zum Ablegen der erfaßten Daten und ein Arbeitsspeicherbereich 5 verbunden, wobei in dem Arbeitsspeicherbereich 5 ein Rechenprogramm zur Zuordnung der Fahrzeugdaten zu einer der vorgegebenen Klassen von Fahrzeug- und Positionsdaten, die einem bestimmten typischen Fahrzeugverhalten entsprechen, abgelegt ist. Zur Erfassung der Fahrzeugdaten sind im Fahrzeug Sensoren/Aktoren 6 angeordnet, die ebenfalls an dem Datenbus 3 angeschlossen sind. Die Vorrichtung weist zur Bestimmung der Positionsdaten und spezieller Fahrzeugdaten (Geschwindigkeit, Bewegungsrichtung) einen GPS-Empfänger 7 auf. Der GPS-Empfänger 7 ist über den Datenbus 3 mit der zentralen Prozessoreinheit (CPU) 2 elektrisch verbunden. Datentechnisch ist die Vorrichtung drahtlos mit einem Verkehrsrechner 8 verbindbar, der mit einer Sende- und Empfangseinheit 9 ausgerüstet ist.The figure shows an embodiment of a device for reducing an Vehicles of a sample vehicle fleet to be transferred from Vehicle and position data. The device has a transmission and Receiver unit 1 for data transmission. As the figure shows, the Device a central processor unit (CPU) 2 with a data bus 3rd connected is. Furthermore, the data bus 3 is an organized as a ring memory Storage area 4 for storing the acquired data and a working storage area 5 connected, with a computer program in the working memory area 5 Assignment of the vehicle data to one of the predetermined classes of vehicle and Position data that corresponds to a certain typical vehicle behavior, is filed. Sensors / actuators 6 are in the vehicle for recording the vehicle data arranged, which are also connected to the data bus 3. The device instructs to determine the position data and special vehicle data (Speed, direction of movement) a GPS receiver 7. The GPS receiver 7 is via the data bus 3 with the central processor unit (CPU) 2 electrically connected. In terms of data technology, the device is wireless with one Traffic computer 8 can be connected to a transmitting and receiving unit 9 is equipped.

Claims (14)

  1. A method of reducing the amount of vehicle data to be transmitted from vehicles in a fleet of sample vehicles, which vehicle data comprise information relating to the operating status and/or the surroundings of the vehicles, and the amount of positional data, which comprise information relating to the position of the vehicles in a predetermined system of coordinates at a set point in time, the vehicle and positional data being detected at predetermined intervals, which correspond to a preset time span or a preset distance, and transmitted to a traffic computer,
    characterised in that
    the detected vehicle and positional data are allocated in the vehicle to at least one preset category of vehicle and positional data corresponding to a certain type of vehicle behaviour and the allocated category, corresponding to a current allocated preset vehicle behaviour pattern, is transmitted, together with the positional data of the sample vehicle, in encoded form to the traffic computer.
  2. A method according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    only the identification signal of the allocated preset vehicle behaviour pattern is transmitted to the traffic computer with the positional data of the sample vehicle.
  3. A method according to claim 1 or claim 2,
    characterised in that
    allocation of the detected vehicle and positional data to at least one of the preset vehicle behaviour patterns is effected by a computer on board the vehicle.
  4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
    characterised in that
    allocation of the detected vehicle and positional data to at least one of the preset vehicle behaviour patterns is effected by the on-board computer with the aid of fuzzy logic.
  5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterised in that
    the preset vehicle behaviour pattern currently allocated to the detected vehicle and positional data is compared with the preset vehicle behaviour pattern allocated immediately therebefore to the detected vehicle and positional data and data are transmitted to the traffic computer if the two vehicle behaviour patterns do not match.
  6. A method according to claim 5,
    characterised in that,
    when the two vehicle behaviour patterns match, only the positional data are transmitted to the traffic computer.
  7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterised in that
    the preset vehicle behaviour pattern allocated to the detected vehicle and positional data is compared with a specifically preset vehicle behaviour pattern and data transmission to the traffic computer only occurs when these two vehicle behaviour patterns match.
  8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
    characterised in that
    the vehicle behaviour patterns, in particular the specific vehicle behaviour patterns, are preset by the traffic computer via radio telephone or a similar wireless connection.
  9. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
    characterised in that
    the vehicle behaviour patterns are determined by the on-board computer by categorisation of the vehicle and positional data generated constantly in the vehicle.
  10. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterised in that
    the vehicle behaviour patterns are determined as a function of road type.
  11. A method according to either one of claims 8 or 10,
    characterised in that
    the vehicle behaviour patterns preset by the traffic computer are independent of the driving behaviour of the driver.
  12. A method according to claim 9,
    characterised in that
    driving behaviour patterns, which correspond to the typical driving behaviour of the driver, are determined by comparing the vehicle and positional data generated constantly with generally preset vehicle behaviour patterns and used for further data reduction.
  13. A method according to claim 12,
    characterised in that
    the driving behaviour patterns of the driver are transferred to the on-board computer of the new vehicle when a driver changes vehicle.
  14. A device for carrying out a method according to claim 1 for reducing the amount of vehicle data to be transmitted from vehicles in a fleet of sample vehicles, which vehicle data comprise information relating to the operating status and/or the surroundings of the vehicles, and the amount of positional data, which comprise information relating to the position of the vehicles in a predetermined system of coordinates at a set point in time, the vehicle and positional data being detected at predetermined intervals, which correspond to a preset time span or a preset distance, and transmitted to a traffic computer,
    comprising
    devices (6) for detecting the vehicle data generated and
    a position determining device (7) for detecting the positional data as well as specific vehicle data, such as speed or direction of movement for example, at certain intervals, which correspond to a preset time span or a preset distance,
    at least one memory zone (4) organised as a toroidalcore memory for storing the data detected
    at least one working memory zone (5) with a computer program for allocation of the vehicle and positional data to one of the preset categories of vehicle and positional data, which correspond to a certain type of vehicle behaviour,
    a device (1) for transmitting the vehicle and positional data to the traffic computer (8),
    a central processor unit (2) and
    a data bus (3) which is connected with the device (1) for transmission, with the central processing unit (2), with the memory zone (4) for storing detected data, with the working memory zone (5), with the devices (6) for detecting the vehicle data generated and with the position determining device (7).
EP95250283A 1994-11-28 1995-11-20 Method and device for reducing the amount of data to be transmitted from vehicles of a fleet of sample vehicles Revoked EP0715288B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4444390 1994-11-28
DE4444390 1994-11-28
DE19521919A DE19521919C2 (en) 1994-11-28 1995-06-09 Method and device for reducing a quantity of data to be transmitted from vehicles in a sample vehicle fleet
DE19521919 1995-06-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0715288A1 EP0715288A1 (en) 1996-06-05
EP0715288B1 true EP0715288B1 (en) 1999-05-12

Family

ID=25942821

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95250283A Revoked EP0715288B1 (en) 1994-11-28 1995-11-20 Method and device for reducing the amount of data to be transmitted from vehicles of a fleet of sample vehicles

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0715288B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE180086T1 (en)
DK (1) DK0715288T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2131268T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3030196T3 (en)

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DE59700886D1 (en) * 1996-02-08 2000-01-27 Mannesmann Ag METHOD FOR DETECTING TRAFFIC POSITION DATA
DE59700887D1 (en) * 1996-02-08 2000-01-27 Mannesmann Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING DATA ABOUT THE TRAFFIC SITUATION
EP0817134A3 (en) * 1996-07-05 1999-10-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus for determining the distance travelled by a motor vehicle
DE19755875A1 (en) * 1996-12-09 1998-06-10 Mannesmann Ag Method for transmitting location data and measurement data from a terminal, in particular a telematics terminal to a traffic control center
ES2159410T3 (en) * 1996-12-16 2001-10-01 Mannesmann Ag PROCEDURE TO INFORM A CENTRAL ABOUT THE JOURNEY TRAVELED BY A VEHICLE IN A COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK, TERMINAL, CENTRAL.
FR2784486A1 (en) * 1998-10-13 2000-04-14 Roland Moreno Method for processing road traffic data from a vehicle onboard map terminal via a radio channel to a remote site, uses a bonus system to encourage drivers to transmit traffic information
DE19917154B4 (en) * 1999-04-16 2013-09-05 Deutsche Telekom Ag Method for detecting congestion situations on roads and vehicle equipment with a unit for carrying out the method
US6587781B2 (en) 2000-08-28 2003-07-01 Estimotion, Inc. Method and system for modeling and processing vehicular traffic data and information and applying thereof
JP2005032226A (en) * 2003-06-20 2005-02-03 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Device for processing measured data, and measured data processing system
US7620402B2 (en) 2004-07-09 2009-11-17 Itis Uk Limited System and method for geographically locating a mobile device
GB0901588D0 (en) 2009-02-02 2009-03-11 Itis Holdings Plc Apparatus and methods for providing journey information
DE102009037087A1 (en) * 2009-08-11 2011-02-17 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Transmission or processing of traffic information
GB2492369B (en) 2011-06-29 2014-04-02 Itis Holdings Plc Method and system for collecting traffic data

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FR2642875B1 (en) * 1989-02-03 1994-02-18 Urba 2000 INFORMATION COLLECTION AND DISSEMINATION SYSTEM FOR MOTORISTS
DE4105584C1 (en) * 1991-02-22 1992-02-20 Audi Ag, 8070 Ingolstadt, De Traffic information system using mobile telephones - provides two=way communication between subscribers and central via organisation channel(s)
GB2261977B (en) * 1991-11-29 1994-09-28 John Bernard Leonard Method and apparatus for controlling movements of vehicles and/or persons
DE4321437A1 (en) * 1993-06-28 1994-02-17 Kraiss Karl Friedrich Prof Dr Traffic regulation using radio link to vehicle - installing central traffic controller with facility to enter specific data followed by exchange of modified information

Also Published As

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DK0715288T3 (en) 1999-11-01
GR3030196T3 (en) 1999-08-31
ES2131268T3 (en) 1999-07-16
EP0715288A1 (en) 1996-06-05
ATE180086T1 (en) 1999-05-15

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