Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/86—Mixtures of anionic, cationic, and non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/835—Mixtures of non-ionic with cationic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3947—Liquid compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

• the present invention relates to bleaching compositions.
• the compositions herein are particularly useful for the bleaching of fabrics.
• compositions for the bleaching of laundry have been extensively described in the art.
• Bleaching compositions can be classified into peroxide bleaching compositions and hypochlorite bleaching compositions.
• Peroxide bleaching compositions have the advantage over hypochlorite bleaching compositions that they are generally considered as being somewhat safer to fabrics, specifically to colored fabrics.
• Peroxide compositions however have the inconveniency that they are often chemically unstable, which makes it difficult to formulate peroxide bleaching compositions which are sufficiently stable to be commercialized.
• a possible solution to this problem consists in formulating compositions with a high level of peroxide, to extend the "effective" period of the composition.
• compositions may reach the user which still comprise a high amount of peroxide, whereby possible skin itching may occur if the user's skin comes in contact with the peroxide composition, before or during use.
• This itching phenomenon is quite moderate and fully reversible, but is does constitute potential discomfort for the user.
• composition comprising a peroxygen bleach in lower amounts, i.e. in amounts where substantially no itching occurs, and which yet remain effective in bleaching fabrics.
• an aqueous composition comprising, in addition to lower amounts of peroxygen bleach, a water-soluble cationic surfactant in combination with a hydrophilic nonionic surfactant.
• compositions of the present invention comprise hydrogen peroxide or a source thereof, a cationic surfactant according to the formula R1R2R3R4N+X-, where R1 is C8-C16 alkyl or is R5-T-CO-R6, wherein T is O, NH or N-C1-C4 alkyl, R5 is a divalent C1-C3 alkylene group or (C2H4O)m, wherein m is from 1 to 8, wherein each of R2,R3,R4 is independently C1-C4 alkyl or hydroxy alkyl, benzyl, or (C2H4O)xH where x is from 2 to 5, not more than one of R2,R3,R4 being benzyl, and X is an anion, said composition further comprising a hydrophilic nonionic surfactant having an HLB above 13.
• compositions according to the present invention are peroxide bleaching compositions.
• the compositions herein comprise hydrogen peroxide or a source thereof.
• a problem which may occur with compositions comprising hydrogen peroxide above a certain level is that the skin of the user which comes in contact with the composition may itch. This itching phenomenon is harmless and quickly fully reversible, but it may nevertheless cause discomfort to the user.
• This problem will not occur directly if the composition comprises a hydrogen peroxide source instead of hydrogen peroxide per se, but it may occur upon use, when the composition is diluted in water before use and hydrogen peroxide is then formed.
• the compositions herein thus comprise hydrogen peroxide or a source thereof in amounts not causing any skin itching.
• Suitable sources of hydrogen peroxyde for use herein include perborates, percarbonates, persulfates and the like. It is preferred however to use hydrogen peroxide per se, and the compositions herein will comprise from 1% to 10% by weight of the total composition of hydrogen peroxide, preferably from 2% to 4%. Indeed, we have found that, when used in higher amounts, skin itching phenomenon start to appear.
• compositions herein comprise a cationic surfactant according to the formula R1R2R3R4N+X-, where R1 is C8-C16 alkyl or is R5-T-CO-R6, wherein T is O, NH or N-C1-C4 alkyl, R5 is a divalent C1-C3 alkylene group or (C2H4O)m, wherein m is from 1 to 8, wherein each of R2,R3,R4 is independently C1-C4 alkyl or hydroxy alkyl, benzyl, or (C2H4O)xH where x is from 2 to 5, not more than one of R2,R3,R4 being benzyl, and X is an anion. It is of course possible to use herein mixtures of different cationic surfactants according to the formula hereinabove.
• Preferred alkyl chain length for R1 is C12-15, particularly where the alkyl group is a mixture of chain length derived from coconut or palm kernel fat or is derived synthetically by olefin build up or OXO alcohol synthesis.
• Preferred groups for R2,R3 and R4 are methyl and hydroxyethyl groups and suitable anion X include halide, methosulfate, acetate and phosphate ions.
• Suitable cationic surfactant for use herein are: coconut trimethyl ammonium chloride, preferred for use herein, or bromide as Cequartyl ® from Rhone Poulenc and Empigen ® 5141 from Albright & Wilson, coconut methyl dihydroxyethyl ammonium chloride or bromide, decyl triethyl ammonium chloride, decyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride or bromide, C12-15 dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride or bromide, coconut dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride or bromide, myristyl trimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, lauryl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride or bromide as Bacforbl ® 80 from Sidobre, Sinove ® and Bardac ® 205 M from Lonza. lauryl dimethyl (ethenoxy)4 ammonium chloride or bromide.
• compositions herein comprise from 0.1% to 20% by weight of the total composition of said cationic surfactants, or mixtures thereof, preferably from 1% to 5%.
• the compositions herein comprise a hydrophilic nonionic surfactant.
• suitable nonionic surfactants for use herein are those having an HLB above 13. It is of course possible to use mixtures of said nonionic surfactants.
• a wide variety of nonionic surfactants are commercially available. Typically, nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated fatty alcohols. And the HLB of a given nonionic surfactant depends on the chain length of the fatty alcohol, the nature of the alkoxylating group as well as the degree of alkoxylation.
• Surfactant catalogs are available which list nonionic surfactants with their corresponding HLBs. Suitable for use herein are those which have an HLB of above 13.
• Such nonionic surfactants are commercially available for instance under the trade name Dobanol ®, 91-8, 91-9, 91-10 and 91-12, all from Shell.
• compositions herein should comprise from 0.1% to 20% by weight of the total composition, preferably from 2% to 10% of said hydrophilic nonionic surfactant or mixtures thereof.
• said cationic surfactant and said hydrophilic nonionic surfactant should be present in a weight ratio of cationic to nonionic of about 1:3.
• the compositions herein can be advantageously formulated as emulsions comprising two nonionic surfactants with different HLBs. Indeed, by formulating in an aqueous medium at least two different nonionic surfactants having different HLBs, a stable emulsion can be obtained.
• compositions herein comprise at least one hydrophilic nonionic surfactant, which can be the nonionic surfactant described herein before, and a more hydrophobic nonionic surfactant.
• Suitable hydrophobic surfactants to form the hydrophobic phase of the emulsion typically have an HLB of less than about 9.
• the compositions of this embodiment can be made by mixing together all the hydrophilic ingredients, i.e. water, said hydrophilic nonionic surfactant, said cationic surfactant and all other hydrophilic ingredients such as dyes, optical brighteners.
• hydrophobic ingredients are mixed, i.e. said hydrophobic nonionic surfactant together with other, optional, hydrophobic ingredients which are to be formulated in the composition, such as perfumes, solvents, enzymes, bleach activators and polymers. Then, both mixtures are mixed together.
• a bleach activator i.e. a peracid precursor
• a suitable hydrophobic bleach activator for use herein includes acetyl triethyl citrate, as described in WO 93/12067, as well as compounds according to the formula R-O-O-R' where R and R' are independently alkyl, alkenyl, alkanoyl, aryl, aroyl, alkylaryl or alkylaroyl radicals.
• the pH of the compositions herein plays a role in the chemical stability of the composition. Accordingly, the compositions herein are preferably formulated at a pH of from 1 to 7, preferably 3 to 5.
• suitable means can be used for adjusting the pH of the compositions, including organic or inorganic acids, alkanolamines and the like. It may be desirable to use alkanolamines herein, as we have found that alkanolamines have an effect on the viscosity of the product, and thus can be used as viscosity regulators, if necessary.
• compositions herein may comprise a variety of optional ingredients.
• a preferred optional feature of the compositions herein is the presence of radical scavengers, which are beneficial to the stability of the compositions herein.
• Suitable radical scavengers for use herein include the well known substituted mono and di hydroxy benzenes and their analogs, alkyl and aryl carboxylates, and mixtures thereof.
• Preferred radical scavengers for use herein include butyl hydroxy toluene, mono-tert-butyl hydroquinone, benzoic acid, toluic acid, t-butyl catechol, benzylamine, 1,1,3-tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl) butane, commercially available under the trade name Topanol CA ® ex ICI, as well as n-propyl-gallate.
• Radical scavengers when used, are typically present herein in amounts ranging from 0.01% to 2% by weight of the total composition, preferably 0.01% to 0.2%.
• compositions herein may further comprise other optionals, including anionic and cationic surfactants, to be formulated in the hydrophilic phase herein, builders and chelants, as well as aesthetics, including dyes and perfumes and the like.
• compositions according to the present invention are useful as laundry bleaches, including for the pretreatment of stains on laundry items prior washing. Indeed, pretreatment of fabrics before washing allows a close contact of the product with the stains, and the bleaching mechanism described herein occurs at a later stage, when the pretreated fabrics are contacted with warm water.
• the compositions herein can also be formulated as detergent compositions per se, or as detergency additives, to be used in addition to a detergent.
• Compositions herein can further be used as dishwashing compositions, or as hard surface cleaners, provided that contact with warm water occurs at some point in time in the washing process.
• the present invention further encompasses a process of bleaching fabrics, dishes or hard surfaces wherein said fabrics, dishes or hard surfaces are contacted with a bleaching liquor comprising a composition according to any of the preceding claims in an aqueous medium at a temperature of from 30°C to 90°C, and said bleaching liquor is subsequently rinsed off of said fabrics, dishes or hard surfaces.
• the composition described herein is first applied to fabrics, as a so-called pretreater, preferably to the stained portions of said fabrics, and said pretreated fabrics are subsequently contacted with an aqueous medium at a temperature of from 30°C to 70°C, for a period of time sufficient to bleach said fabrics.
• said bleaching liquor is formed at the time the fabrics are introduced in said aqueous medium. Subsequently, said bleaching liquor is rinsed off of said fabrics.
• composition 1 Dobanol ® 91-8 3% Coconut trimethyl ammonium chloride 1% H2O2 4% Sodium Coconut Alkyl Sulfate 10% Dobanol ® 23-3 5% Water and minors to balance pH 4
• Composition 2 Dobanol ® 91-8 3% Coconut trimethyl ammonium chloride 1% H2O2 4% Sodium Coconut Alkyl Sulfate 4% Dobanol ® 23-3 10% Water and minors to balance pH 4
• Composition 3 Dobanol ® 91-10 3% Coconut trimethyl ammonium chloride 1% H2O2 4% Sodium Coconut Alkyl Sulfate 2% Dobanol ® 23-3 7% Water and minors to balance pH 4
• Composition 4 Dobanol 91-8 3% Bardac ® 205M 1% H2O2 4% Sodium Coconut Alkyl Sulfate 2% Dobanol ® 23-3 7% Water and minors to balance pH 4
• Composition 4 Dobanol 91-8
• the present invention concerns the incorporation of a specific cationic/nonionic surfactant system in a liquid peroxygen bleaching composition which allows to reduce the amount of peroxygen bleach without losing performance.
• the technical data below illustrate the present invention.
• the tests are made with the following conditions. The tests are performed on cotton fabrics, with 6 replicates per test. The fabrics are stained as indicated hereinabove, and 0.2g of prototype is applied to the stains, prior to washing. Then the fabrics are washed in a Launder-O-meter, with 5 g of Dash Ultra Powder in 500 ml water. There is no waiting period between application of the prototype on the stains, and the subsequent washing.
• Prototype A is a composition as composition 1 hereinabove, but without Dobanol 91-8 and without cationic surfactant.
• Prototype B is the same as Prototype A, but with 7% level instead of 4%. The results are listed in the table below. Stains Prototype 1 vs. Prototype B 40° C Comp. 1 vs. Prototype B 40° C Prototype A vs. Prototype B 60° C Comp. 1 vs.
• Prototype B 60° C Grass -0.8 s -0.2 -1.0 s -0.3 Cocoa +0.1 +0.3 -0.9 0.0 Tea -0.4 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 Wine -0.8 -0.3 -0.7 s 0.0 Vegetal Oil -1.0 s +0.1 -1.0 s 0.0 Blood -3.2 s -1.7 s -4.0 s -0.8 s
• composition 2 exemplified hereinbefore is compared to a reference composition.
• composition according to the present invention performs better than an activated bleaching composition comprising a higher amount of hydrogen peroxide.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Cosmetics (AREA)

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Publications (2)

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Cited By (9)

Citations (4)

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• 1994
  • 1994-06-17 ES ES94870098T patent/ES2152974T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-06-17 DE DE1994626597 patent/DE69426597T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-06-17 EP EP19940870098 patent/EP0687727B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1995
  • 1995-05-18 JP JP8502166A patent/JPH10503162A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 1995-05-18 AU AU25934/95A patent/AU703720B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1995-05-18 WO PCT/US1995/006224 patent/WO1995035256A1/en active Application Filing
  • 1995-05-18 MX MX9606568A patent/MX9606568A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1995-05-18 CA CA002191572A patent/CA2191572A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2001
  • 2001-01-18 GR GR20000402862T patent/GR3035270T3/el not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (4)

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