EP0685610B1 - Girder made of metal, in particular of steel, manufactured from a web and at least one flange, by welding them together using radiant energy and a method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Girder made of metal, in particular of steel, manufactured from a web and at least one flange, by welding them together using radiant energy and a method of manufacturing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0685610B1
EP0685610B1 EP95106287A EP95106287A EP0685610B1 EP 0685610 B1 EP0685610 B1 EP 0685610B1 EP 95106287 A EP95106287 A EP 95106287A EP 95106287 A EP95106287 A EP 95106287A EP 0685610 B1 EP0685610 B1 EP 0685610B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
cold
metal
web
flange
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP95106287A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0685610A1 (en
Inventor
Friedrich Prof. Dr.-Ing. Habil. Behr
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ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
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ThyssenKrupp Stahl AG
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/06—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/08—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D19/00—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
    • B21D19/005—Edge deburring or smoothing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/26—Seam welding of rectilinear seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/08—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel
    • B21B1/088—H- or I-sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/08—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel
    • B21B1/092—T-sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B21B1/224—Edge rolling of flat products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B15/00—Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B15/0085—Joining ends of material to continuous strip, bar or sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/16—Bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B23K2103/05—Stainless steel
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0413—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/0434—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the open cross-section free of enclosed cavities
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0452—H- or I-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/046—L- or T-shaped

Definitions

  • profile beams in the form of T and H profiles are basically hot-rolled profiles. Such Profiles must be straightened after hot forming. the fatigue strength and load-bearing capacity of these profiles depends on the metal for a given geometric dimension from. The ratio of strength of hot rolled profiles and material use is proportionate to that low strength of the material is not optimal.
  • profile beams in the form of T and H profiles known (JP 21 17 782; EP 0 445 633 A1; DE 2 056 301 A1), which serves as a web Metal strips and one or two as flange (s) serving metal strips by longitudinal seam welding with Radiant energy are produced.
  • the Narrow side of the web with the broad side of the flange connected.
  • the one to be welded on Pretreat the narrow side before welding. So can they are prismatically deformed, albeit in the Corresponding profiling on the broad side of the flange is introduced. But it can also be upset.
  • the strips used for manufacturing cold rolled profiles are also be upset.
  • the Invention a method of making one from one Web and at least one flange existing Profile carrier made of metal, especially steel, in which a serving as a first metal strip with its Narrow side on a second flange Metal strips by longitudinal seam welding with Radiant energy is welded on.
  • the invention has for its object a method to create a profile beam that regarding dimensional accuracy and fatigue strength under Consideration of the use of materials known Profile carriers is superior.
  • the subject of the invention is not consolidated and therefore easily cold deformable material the flat End face created with which the as a web serving strips without filler metal with the other strips serving as flanges Radiant energy, especially the beam of a laser, can be welded without seam incidence.
  • Radiant energy especially the beam of a laser
  • Contact pressure can even be a seam increase on both Pages totaling 0.1 times the strip thickness.
  • the hardening associated with cold working should correspond to the hardening that occurs during cold rolling corresponds to a thickness reduction of at least 1%. A higher degree of solidification will preferably be sought. This can not only be done by the additional smoothing in a rolling stand, but also enlarge by the fact that the strips also on their not to be welded Narrow sides with rounded edges in the rounding device receive. Comparative fatigue strength tests after Libertiny, Topper and Leis (The Effect of Large Prestrains on fatigue) on samples made of cold-formed steel of quality UST 35 and ST 50 have shown that with the Profile carrier according to the invention material savings up to Let 40% reach.
  • the strip 2 is initially attached to the Edited narrow sides. Using a first pair of rollers 4, the rollers of which a groove 4a with a rounded bottom have, the edges of the strip 2 are deburred.
  • the Strip profile has the profile 2a and in front of the pair of rollers 4 after the pair of roles 4 the profile 2b. Then the runs Strip 2 into a rounding device 5 consisting of two or more pairs of rollers can exist.
  • the on the have to be welded narrow side effective rollers 5a a rectangular groove 5a * on, while that on the not to be welded narrow side effective rollers 5b rounded groove 4a, like the rollers 4 described.
  • the strip 2 leaving the rounding device 5 has the profile 2c with the compressed edge areas A, B accepted. This upsetting process has a first Strain hardening took place.
  • the non-planar strip 2 then enters Cold rolling mill 6, in which the compressed edge areas A, B and possibly also the strip 2 in the middle area be reduced in thickness.
  • the stripe experiences this 2 another work hardening.
  • the strip then leaves with the cross-section 2d the cold rolling stand b.
  • At the The narrow side to be welded on then has a flat surface End face 2d *, in particular without rounded edges and a rounded face on the other narrow side 2d **.
  • the strip 2 reaches one on the narrow sides attacking, the profile of the flat face 2d * and the rounded face 2d ** matched pair of guide rollers 7 in a straightener 8, the waviness in the strip 2 smoothes.
  • the sections cut to length by the scissors 3 Strip 2 then stand as a work hardened web for the Manufacture of the profile carrier available.
  • the strip 12 to be used for the flange is produced in a corresponding manner.
  • the production differs only in that rounded edges are formed on both ends by means of the rounding device 5.
  • Edges with a different radius of curvature R, r 2 can preferably be formed on the same end face, as corresponds to the edge geometry of conventional T-profiles.
  • the strips 2, 12 are pressed against one another by means of a clamping device and butt welded with a CO 2 laser. Since the flat end face 2d * is brought into contact with the smoothed flat broad side of the strip 12, the welding can be carried out without welding filler material without the occurrence of a seam. A seam increase can be achieved specifically if the contact pressure and the process parameters are set accordingly high.
  • FIG. 3 the tensile-fatigue fatigue strength for the rust-resistant stainless steel 1.4589, X5CrNiMoTi15 2, is shown for different degrees of cold rolling ⁇ S, which in deviation from the norm contains only 0.03% C instead of a content of 0.05% C.
  • ⁇ D denotes the tensile stress effective over the entire cross-section of the permanently effective axial tensile preload, around which the carrier swings during the test of the tension-swell fatigue strength and which can still withstand breaking after more than 2 million load cycles becomes.
  • the main advantages of the invention are that with the edge preparation of the strips by cold forming a work hardening is associated with the fatigue strength benefits. It follows that the invention Profile beams with a lower weight than one hot-rolled profile beams with comparable resilience gets along. Because of the edge preparation the work hardening that takes place is also eliminated Need from a hard-rolled band or a band assuming a quality with a high yield strength, that in one is sufficient for such a band dimensioned longitudinal cutting system can be cut would have, and its edges with for hard-rolled strips suitable tools would have to be worked on.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)

Description

Bei Profilträgern in Form von T- und H-Profilen handelt es sich grundsätzlich um warmgewalzte Profile. Solche Profile müssen nach der Warmumformung gerichtet werden. die Dauerfestigkeit und Tragfähigkeit dieser Profile hängt bei gegebener geometrischer Dimension vom Metall ab. Das Verhältnis von Festigkeit warmgewalzter Profile und Materialeinsatz ist wegen der verhältnismäßig geringen Festigkeit des Materials nicht optimal.In profile beams in the form of T and H profiles are basically hot-rolled profiles. Such Profiles must be straightened after hot forming. the fatigue strength and load-bearing capacity of these profiles depends on the metal for a given geometric dimension from. The ratio of strength of hot rolled profiles and material use is proportionate to that low strength of the material is not optimal.

Daneben sind aber auch Profilträger in Form von T- und H-Profilen bekannt (JP 21 17 782; EP 0 445 633 A1; DE 2 056 301 A1), die aus einem als Steg dienenden Metallstreifen und einem bzw. zwei als Flansch(e) dienenden Metallstreifen durch Längsnahtschweißen mit Strahlungsenergie hergestellt sind. Dabei ist die Schmalseite des Stegs mit der Breitseite des Flanschs verbunden. Insbesondere kann die anzuschweißende Schmalseite vor dem Schweißen vorbehandelt sein. So kann sie prismatisch verformt sein, wenn auch in der Breitseite des Flansches eine entsprechende Profilierung eingebracht ist. Sie kann aber auch angestaucht sein. Die für die Herstellung verwendeten Streifen können kaltgewalzte Profile sein. In addition, there are also profile beams in the form of T and H profiles known (JP 21 17 782; EP 0 445 633 A1; DE 2 056 301 A1), which serves as a web Metal strips and one or two as flange (s) serving metal strips by longitudinal seam welding with Radiant energy are produced. Here is the Narrow side of the web with the broad side of the flange connected. In particular, the one to be welded on Pretreat the narrow side before welding. So can they are prismatically deformed, albeit in the Corresponding profiling on the broad side of the flange is introduced. But it can also be upset. The strips used for manufacturing cold rolled profiles.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines aus einem Steg und mindestens einem Flansch bestehenden Profilträgers aus Metall, insbesondere Stahl, bei dem ein als Steg dienender erster Metallstreifen mit seiner Schmalseite an einem als Flansch dienenden zweiten Metallstreifen durch Längsnahtschweißung mit Strahlungsenergie angeschweißt wird.Based on this state of the art, the Invention a method of making one from one Web and at least one flange existing Profile carrier made of metal, especially steel, in which a serving as a first metal strip with its Narrow side on a second flange Metal strips by longitudinal seam welding with Radiant energy is welded on.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Profilträgers zu schaffen, der bezüglich der Maßhaltigkeit und der Dauerfestigkeit unter Berücksichtigung des Materialeinsatzes bekannten Profilträgern überlegen ist.The invention has for its object a method to create a profile beam that regarding dimensional accuracy and fatigue strength under Consideration of the use of materials known Profile carriers is superior.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei dem Verfahren der vorgenannten Art durch folgende Verfahrensschritte gelöst:

  • a) der erste Metallstreifen wird an seiner Schmalseite in einer Arrondiervorrichtung kaltverformt und erhält dabei eine ebene Stirnseite,
  • b) der erste Metallstreifen wird dann in einem Kaltwalzgerüst geglättet,
  • c) die Längsnahtschweißung erfolgt ohne Zusatzmaterial.
    • In the method of the aforementioned type, this object is achieved by the following method steps:
  • a) the first metal strip is cold-formed on its narrow side in a rounding device and thereby receives a flat end face,
  • b) the first metal strip is then smoothed in a cold rolling stand,
  • c) the longitudinal seam welding is carried out without additional material.

    • Beim Erfindungsgegenstand wird am nicht verfestigten und deshalb leicht kaltverformbaren Material die ebene Stirnfläche geschaffen, mit der sich der als Steg dienende Streifen ohne Schweißzusatzwerkstoff mit dem anderen, als Flansch dienenden Streifen stumpf durch Strahlungsenergie, insbesondere den Strahl eines Lasers, ohne Nahteinfall verschweißen läßt. Bei Anwendung von Anpreßdruck läßt sich sogar eine Nahtüberhöhung an beiden Seiten von insgesamt 0,1 mal Streifendicke erhalten. Die mit der Kaltverformung bei der Herstellung der ebenen Stirnfläche und dem Glätten und einem eventuellen nachfolgenden Richten einhergehende Verfestigung führt zu einem Profilträger, der bei gleicher Geometrie eine wesentlich verbesserte Dauerfestigkeit als nach herkömmlichen Verfahren hergestellte warmgewalzte Profilträger hat. The subject of the invention is not consolidated and therefore easily cold deformable material the flat End face created with which the as a web serving strips without filler metal with the other strips serving as flanges Radiant energy, especially the beam of a laser, can be welded without seam incidence. When using Contact pressure can even be a seam increase on both Pages totaling 0.1 times the strip thickness. The with cold forming in the manufacture of the planes Face and smoothing and a possible subsequent consolidation leads to consolidation a profile beam that has the same geometry much better fatigue strength than after hot-rolled Has profile carrier.

    Die mit der Kaltverformung einhergehende Verfestigung sollte einer Verfestigung entsprechen, die beim Kaltwalzen einer Dickenreduktion von mindestens 1 % entspricht. Vorzugsweise wird man eine höhere Verfestigung anstreben. Diese läßt sich nicht nur durch das zusätzliche Glätten in einem Walzgerüst, sondern auch noch dadurch vergrößern, daß die Streifen auch an ihren nicht anzuschweißenden Schmalseiten abgerundete Kanten in der Arrondiervorrichtung erhalten. Vergleichende Dauerfestigkeitsuntersuchungen nach Libertiny, Topper und Leis (The Effect of Large Prestrains on Fatigue) an Proben aus kaltverformtem Stahl der Qualität UST 35 und ST 50 haben gezeigt, daß sich mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Profilträger Materialeinsparungen bis zu 40 % erreichen lassen.The hardening associated with cold working should correspond to the hardening that occurs during cold rolling corresponds to a thickness reduction of at least 1%. A higher degree of solidification will preferably be sought. This can not only be done by the additional smoothing in a rolling stand, but also enlarge by the fact that the strips also on their not to be welded Narrow sides with rounded edges in the rounding device receive. Comparative fatigue strength tests after Libertiny, Topper and Leis (The Effect of Large Prestrains on fatigue) on samples made of cold-formed steel of quality UST 35 and ST 50 have shown that with the Profile carrier according to the invention material savings up to Let 40% reach.

    Bevor an einer Schmalseite des Streifens eine ebene Stirnfläche und gegebenenfalls an den anderen Schmalseiten der Streifen abgerundete Kanten in der Arrondiervorrichtung hergestellt werden, sollten die Kanten an den Schmalseiten entgratet werden.Before a flat on a narrow side of the strip Face and possibly on the other narrow sides the strip has rounded edges in the rounding device should be produced, the edges on the narrow sides be deburred.

    Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigen:

    Fig. 1
    eine Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung eines als Steg eines Profilträgers zu verwendenden Streifens,
    Fig. 2
    einen T-Profilträger im Querschnitt und
    Fig. 3
    ein Diagramm über den Einfluß der Kaltverformung durch Walzen auf die Zug-Schwell-Dauerschwingfestigkeit des Profilträgers.
    The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing which represents an exemplary embodiment. In detail show:
    Fig. 1
    a device for processing a strip to be used as a web of a profile beam,
    Fig. 2
    a T-beam in cross section and
    Fig. 3
    a diagram of the influence of cold deformation by rolling on the tension-swell fatigue strength of the profile beam.

    Gemäß Fig. 1 wird von einer Haspel 1 ein Streifen 2 abgewickelt, der dann verschiedenen Bearbeitungen unterworfen wird, um am Ende durch eine Schere 3 auf Teillängen abgeschnitten zu werden.1 is a strip 2 from a reel 1 handled, then the various edits is subjected to end up by scissors 3 To be cut off.

    Der Streifen 2 wird während der Bearbeitung zunächst an den Schmalseiten bearbeitet. Mittels eines ersten Rollenpaares 4, dessen Rollen eine Nut 4a mit abgerundetem Grund aufweisen, werden die Kanten des Streifens 2 entgratet. Das Streifenprofil hat vor dem Rollenpaar 4 das Profil 2a und nach dem Rollenpaar 4 das Profil 2b. Danach läuft der Streifen 2 in eine Arrondiervorrichtung 5 ein, die aus zwei oder mehr Rollenpaaren bestehen kann. Die an der anzuschweißenden Schmalseite wirksamen Rollen 5a weisen eine rechteckige Nut 5a* auf, während die an der nicht anzuschweißenden Schmalseite wirksamen Rollen 5b eine abgerundete Nut 4a haben, wie die beschriebenen Rollen 4. Der die Arrondiervorrichtung 5 verlassende Streifen 2 hat das Profil 2c mit den gestauchten Randbereichen A,B angenommen. Durch diesen Stauchvorgang hat eine erste Kaltverfestigung stattgefunden.The strip 2 is initially attached to the Edited narrow sides. Using a first pair of rollers 4, the rollers of which a groove 4a with a rounded bottom have, the edges of the strip 2 are deburred. The Strip profile has the profile 2a and in front of the pair of rollers 4 after the pair of roles 4 the profile 2b. Then the runs Strip 2 into a rounding device 5 consisting of two or more pairs of rollers can exist. The on the have to be welded narrow side effective rollers 5a a rectangular groove 5a * on, while that on the not to be welded narrow side effective rollers 5b rounded groove 4a, like the rollers 4 described. The strip 2 leaving the rounding device 5 has the profile 2c with the compressed edge areas A, B accepted. This upsetting process has a first Strain hardening took place.

    Der nicht plane Streifen 2 gelangt dann in ein Kaltwalzgerüst 6, in dem die gestauchten Randbereiche A,B und gegebenenfalls auch der Streifen 2 mittleren Bereichs in der Dicke reduziert werden. Dadurch erfährt der Streifen 2 eine weitere Kaltverfestigung. Der Streifen verläßt dann mit dem Querschnitt 2d das Kaltwalzgerüst b. An der anzuschweißenden Schmalseite hat er dann eine ebene Stirnfläche 2d*, insbesondere ohne abgerundete Kanten und an der anderen Schmalseite eine abgerundete Stirnfläche 2d**.The non-planar strip 2 then enters Cold rolling mill 6, in which the compressed edge areas A, B and possibly also the strip 2 in the middle area be reduced in thickness. The stripe experiences this 2 another work hardening. The strip then leaves with the cross-section 2d the cold rolling stand b. At the The narrow side to be welded on then has a flat surface End face 2d *, in particular without rounded edges and a rounded face on the other narrow side 2d **.

    Der Streifen 2 gelangt über ein an den Schmalseiten angreifendes, dem Profil der ebenen Stirnseite 2d* und der abgerundeten Stirnseite 2d** angepaßtes Führungsrollenpaar 7 in einen Richtapparat 8, der Welligkeiten im Streifen 2 glättet. Die durch die Schere 3 abgelängten Abschnitte des Streifens 2 stehen dann als kaltverfestigter Steg für die Herstellung des Profilträgers zur Verfügung.The strip 2 reaches one on the narrow sides attacking, the profile of the flat face 2d * and the rounded face 2d ** matched pair of guide rollers 7 in a straightener 8, the waviness in the strip 2 smoothes. The sections cut to length by the scissors 3 Strip 2 then stand as a work hardened web for the Manufacture of the profile carrier available.

    Die Herstellung des für den Flansch zu verwendenden Streifens 12 erfolgt auf entsprechende Art und Weise. Die Herstellung unterscheidet sich dabei nur insofern, als an beiden Stirnseiten abgerundete Kanten mittels der Arrondiervorrichtung 5 geformt werden. Dabei können vorzugsweise an derselben Stirnseite Kanten mit unterschiedlichem Krümmungsradius R,r2 geformt werden, wie es der Kantengeometrie herkömmlicher T-Profile entspricht.The strip 12 to be used for the flange is produced in a corresponding manner. The production differs only in that rounded edges are formed on both ends by means of the rounding device 5. Edges with a different radius of curvature R, r 2 can preferably be formed on the same end face, as corresponds to the edge geometry of conventional T-profiles.

    Nach der Herstellung der beiden Streifen 2 und 12 für den Steg und den Flansch werden die Streifen 2,12 mittels einer Einspannvorrichtung gegeneinandergedrückt und mit einem CO2-Laser stumpf verschweißt. Da die ebene Stirnseite 2d* an der geglätteten ebenen Breitseite des Streifens 12 zur Anlage gebracht wird, läßt sich die Verschweißung ohne Schweißzusatzwerkstoff durchführen, ohne daß es deshalb zu einem Nahteinfall kommt. Eine Nahtüberhöhung läßt sich gezielt erreichen, wenn der Anpreßdruck und die Prozeßparameter entsprechend hoch eingestellt werden.After the production of the two strips 2 and 12 for the web and the flange, the strips 2, 12 are pressed against one another by means of a clamping device and butt welded with a CO 2 laser. Since the flat end face 2d * is brought into contact with the smoothed flat broad side of the strip 12, the welding can be carried out without welding filler material without the occurrence of a seam. A seam increase can be achieved specifically if the contact pressure and the process parameters are set accordingly high.

    In Fig. 3 ist für verschiedene Kaltwalzgrade ΔS die Zug-Schwell-Dauerschwingfestigkeit für den rostträgen Edelstahl 1.4589, X5CrNiMoTi15 2, dargestellt, der abweichend von der Norm statt eines Gehaltes von 0,05 % C nur 0,03 % C enthält. In dem Diagramm der Fig. 3 wird mit σD die über den gesamten Querschnitt wirksame Zugspannung der dauernd wirksamen axialen Zugvorlast bezeichnet, um die der Träger beim Versuch der Zug-Schwell-Dauerschwingfestigkeit schwingt und die nach mehr als 2 Millionen Lastspielen ohne Bruch noch ertragen wird. Mit σo and σu wird die bei diesem Versuch auftretende maximale und minimale Spannung in den am meisten belasteten weil von der neutralen Achse des Flächenträgheitsmomentes am entferntesten liegenden Bereich des Trägers bezeichnet. Sofern σu = σo und damit R = σu/σo = 1 ist, liegt keine Schwingung vor. In diesem Fall wird R mit Rm beschrieben, das ist dann die Bruch-Zugspannung.In FIG. 3, the tensile-fatigue fatigue strength for the rust-resistant stainless steel 1.4589, X5CrNiMoTi15 2, is shown for different degrees of cold rolling ΔS, which in deviation from the norm contains only 0.03% C instead of a content of 0.05% C. In the diagram in FIG. 3, σ D denotes the tensile stress effective over the entire cross-section of the permanently effective axial tensile preload, around which the carrier swings during the test of the tension-swell fatigue strength and which can still withstand breaking after more than 2 million load cycles becomes. With σ o and σ u the maximum and minimum stress occurring in this test in the most loaded area because the distance from the neutral axis of the moment of inertia is the most distant area of the beam. If σ u = σ o and thus R = σ u / σ o = 1, there is no vibration. In this case, R is described as R m , which is the breaking tensile stress.

    Die Vorteile der Erfindung bestehen vor allem darin, daß mit der Kantenvorbereitung der Streifen durch Kaltverformen eine Kaltverfestigung einhergeht, die der Dauerfestigkeit zugute kommt. Daraus folgt, daß der erfindungsgemäße Profilträger mit einem geringeren Gewicht als ein warmgewalzter Profilträger bei vergleichbarer Belastbarkeit auskommt. Wegen der bei der Kantenvorbereitung stattfindenden Kaltverfestigung entfällt auch die Notwendigkeit, von einem walzharten Band oder einem Band aus einer Qualität mit einer hohen Streckgrenze auszugehen, das in einer für ein solches Band ausreichend dimensionierten Längszerteilanlage geschnitten werden müßte, und dessen Kanten mit für walzharte Bänder geeigneten Werkzeugen angearbeitet werden müßten.The main advantages of the invention are that with the edge preparation of the strips by cold forming a work hardening is associated with the fatigue strength benefits. It follows that the invention Profile beams with a lower weight than one hot-rolled profile beams with comparable resilience gets along. Because of the edge preparation the work hardening that takes place is also eliminated Need from a hard-rolled band or a band assuming a quality with a high yield strength, that in one is sufficient for such a band dimensioned longitudinal cutting system can be cut would have, and its edges with for hard-rolled strips suitable tools would have to be worked on.

    Claims (6)

    1. A method for manufacturing a structural girder made of metal, especially steel, consisting of a web and at least one flange, where the narrow side of a first metal strip (2) serving as the web is welded to a second metal strip (12) serving as a flange by longitudinal seam welding using radiation energy,
      characterised by the following process steps
      a) the narrow side of the first metal strip (2) is cold-formed in a finishing device (5) and thereby acquires a plane face (2d*),
      b) the first metal strip (2) is then smoothed in a cold-rolling stand (6),
      c) the longitudinal seam weld is made without any additional material.
    2. The method according to Claim 1,
      characterised in that during smoothing in the cold-rolling stand the first strip (2) is subjected to cold rolling which corresponds to at least a 1% reduction in thickness of the strip (2).
    3. The method according to Claim 1 or 2,
      characterised in that after smoothing in the cold-rolling stand (6) the first strip (2) is directed into a roll straightener (8).
    4. The method according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
      characterised in that at every narrow side not to be welded the first and/or the second strip (2, 12) acquires rounded edges in a finishing device.
    5. The method according to Claim 4,
      characterised in that after the rounded edges have been produced at every narrow side not to be welded, the first and/or second strip (2, 12) is smoothed in a rolling stand.
    6. The method according to Claims 1 to 5,
      characterised in that the narrow sides of the first and/or second strips (2, 12) are deburred at the edges before machining in the finishing device (5) for the plane face and/or the rounded edges.
    EP95106287A 1994-06-03 1995-04-27 Girder made of metal, in particular of steel, manufactured from a web and at least one flange, by welding them together using radiant energy and a method of manufacturing the same Expired - Lifetime EP0685610B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE4419349A DE4419349C1 (en) 1994-06-03 1994-06-03 From a web and at least one flange welded together by radiation energy profile carrier made of metal, in particular steel and method for its production
    DE4419349 1994-06-03

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0685610A1 EP0685610A1 (en) 1995-12-06
    EP0685610B1 true EP0685610B1 (en) 2002-07-17

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    EP95106287A Expired - Lifetime EP0685610B1 (en) 1994-06-03 1995-04-27 Girder made of metal, in particular of steel, manufactured from a web and at least one flange, by welding them together using radiant energy and a method of manufacturing the same

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    EP (1) EP0685610B1 (en)
    DE (2) DE4419349C1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2180594T3 (en)

    Families Citing this family (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE19532084C1 (en) * 1995-08-31 1996-10-02 Thyssen Stahl Ag T- and H-profile steel bar mfr.
    AT509197B1 (en) * 2010-03-10 2011-07-15 Hinterreither Ronald CARRYING PROFILE AND METHOD FOR ITS MANUFACTURE

    Family Cites Families (10)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    GB439940A (en) * 1934-10-11 1935-12-17 Rudolf Benjamin Process for the cold rolling of sections which are to have different hardnesses and strengths at different cross sectional parts
    US2353289A (en) * 1940-08-03 1944-07-11 Crucible Steel Co America Method and apparatus for rolling strip metal
    DE1302820B (en) * 1963-12-18 1970-11-05
    DE1609905B1 (en) * 1965-07-29 1971-08-12 Agnieres Zehnle Geb Risacher D Hot or cold rolled steel beam
    AT296731B (en) * 1969-12-05 1972-02-25 Voest Ag Process for the production of girders having a central web and flanges
    DE3432926A1 (en) * 1984-09-07 1986-03-20 Selzer Fertigungstechnik Gmbh & Co, 6349 Driedorf Brake disc, in particular for motor vehicles
    DE8713471U1 (en) * 1987-10-07 1987-12-03 Rofin-Sinar Laser Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg, De
    JPH02117782A (en) * 1988-10-25 1990-05-02 Nippon Steel Corp Method for welding t-joint by electron beam welding
    DE3904742A1 (en) * 1989-02-16 1990-08-23 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUSLY TREATING AN EDGE OF A METAL FLAT ROLLED PRODUCT
    IT1239663B (en) * 1990-03-05 1993-11-11 Prima Cimolai WELDING PROCEDURE FOR METAL BEAMS AND METAL BEAMS SO OBTAINED

    Also Published As

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    EP0685610A1 (en) 1995-12-06
    ES2180594T3 (en) 2003-02-16
    DE59510280D1 (en) 2002-08-22
    DE4419349C1 (en) 1996-02-01

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