EP0684349B1 - Coupling arrangement for two construction elements, connecting pieces and construction elements adapted for such an arrangement - Google Patents

Coupling arrangement for two construction elements, connecting pieces and construction elements adapted for such an arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0684349B1
EP0684349B1 EP95201294A EP95201294A EP0684349B1 EP 0684349 B1 EP0684349 B1 EP 0684349B1 EP 95201294 A EP95201294 A EP 95201294A EP 95201294 A EP95201294 A EP 95201294A EP 0684349 B1 EP0684349 B1 EP 0684349B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
assembly
faces
core
construction elements
assembly part
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EP95201294A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0684349A1 (en
Inventor
Luc Frédéric Wendling
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Tuileries Briqueteries Du Lauragais Guiraud Freres SA
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Tuileries Briqueteries Du Lauragais Guiraud Freres SA
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/08—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/0247—Strips or bars

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an assembly device of two building elements with faces assembly having at least one recess, of the type comprising at least one assembly part arranged for be placed between two assembly faces opposite so as to enter two opposite recesses.
  • This invention extends to assembly parts and components of construction designed for the realization of this device assembly.
  • Patent FR-A-2,344,690 thus describes a technique of making a longitudinal groove in each of the assembly faces of elements of construction consisting of briquettes intended for the making partitions, and using keys adapted to fit in the grooves opposite two building elements.
  • FR-A-1 072 942 describes for its part a device ensuring the assembly of two construction elements such as concrete blocks, the side faces of which have a midrib protruding outward from the end wall disposed between the front faces, set back from the ends of said ends front faces.
  • an I-section assembly part is arranged so as to overlap the midribs of two blocks arranged one beside on the other and fixed to said blocks by a cement joint.
  • the present invention aims to overcome this drawback and aims to provide a assembly piece of two construction elements allowing to obtain immediately perfect relative self-positioning of said construction elements.
  • the invention also relates to the construction elements used with said assembly parts and the assembly carried out by means of said elements of construction and said assembly parts.
  • the invention proposes an assembly part intended to be implemented. for the assembly of two construction elements, in particular an assembly intended for the production of partitions, comprising a central portion and two portions projecting on either side of said central portion, characterized in that said projecting portions are shaped so as to form at least one recess by relative to their end zones opposite to said central portion, each of said indentations having at least two contact surfaces.
  • each piece assembly is therefore designed to come and style studs protruding from the bottoms of the recesses formed in the assembly faces of the elements of construction, and includes, like said studs, contact surfaces ensuring relative locking without backlash said assembly part and the building element in at least one of the directions parallel to the faces assembly.
  • Relative blocking without play is therefore obtained at the contact surfaces of the assembly part distinct from the external faces by which the taking of this assembly part is ensured during its handling. Therefore, the establishment of a room of assembly on an assembly face of an element of construction, then assembly, on this first element of construction, of a second building element, can be done easily while ensuring perfect relative self-positioning of said elements of construction by cooperation of the contact ranges of these the latter with those combined with the assembly parts.
  • each assembly part presents protruding portions of shapes adapted to obtain a clearance between said protruding portions and the edges peripherals next to the recesses.
  • This arrangement allows for a game facilitating in particular the installation of an element of construction relative to an assembly part positioned on the assembly face of a first element of construction.
  • each assembly part has preferably bearing stops on the faces assembly, capable of ensuring stability and relative positioning of said parts and faces assembly.
  • the assembly parts include projecting portions suitable for accommodating themselves in each of the grooves, and with spaced opposite contact spans transversely from a distance appreciably less than the width of the central stud.
  • each recess advantageously has an end section of width appreciably greater than that of its part current, defining two parallel contact spans and opposite. This shape of the central studs makes it possible to obtain perfect locking of the assembly parts while reducing the surface of the contact surfaces and therefore the effort to be exerted during assembly.
  • Each assembly part having an H-shaped profile including the soul constitutes the central portion and whose branches constitute the portions projecting, the set up is advantageously obtained by endowing each branch with ribs external extending orthogonally to the core, giving said assembly parts a width significantly less than the total width of the recess assembly faces.
  • each branch of the assembly parts is with internal ribs extending orthogonally through relationship to the soul, arranged to constitute the spans of contact of said assembly parts.
  • Such ribs provide a surface sufficient contact to ensure relative locking without clearance of the assembly part with respect to the elements of construction, while reducing the effort required to exercise the installation of assembly parts.
  • each assembly part is pierced at least one orifice.
  • Such orifices allow the possible delivery of the binder placed on the assembly face of a construction element on which the j assembly part, causing in particular the creation of a suction cup phenomenon which holds said part assembly in position even if the later removal of the building element assembled on this assembly part, for example in case positioning error of this construction element.
  • the support stops on the assembly faces of these assembly parts constituted of an H-shaped profile are advantageously constituted bosses protruding from the outer face branches and extending substantially in the same plane than the soul.
  • these support bosses have preferably forms adapted to define two symmetrically extending parallel support planes to the web on either side of it. As a result, the pieces are reversible and have no laying direction imposed.
  • the bowl longitudinal unit formed in the lateral faces of assembly of the building elements, forms a recess longitudinal capable of accommodating the core of the assembly parts, and to be filled with binder ensuring the sealing of the faces assembly, while conferring on the wall produced the appearance of a seamless wall because the elements of construction relate to each other by through the flat lateral support bands.
  • this bowl allows any excess binder to be pushed back to the reservoir formed by the grooves, in particular between two assembly parts, since these are positioned punctually, not in the direction of the bands construction element contact planes.
  • the building elements carry one on the others by planar contact surfaces which guarantee very high stability and perfect self-alignment, and all the more so since these contact surfaces are lateral and therefore distant from the plane of symmetry longitudinal of said construction elements.
  • the invention also extends to building elements designed to be assembled with the assembly parts defined above.
  • the invention thus relates, in particular, to construction elements with two side faces assembly and two orthogonal front faces to said assembly faces, characterized in that each assembly face has at least one recess provided with minus a stud projecting from the bottom of said recess and having a height at most equal to the depth of the latter, each of said studs having at least two opposite contact surfaces and parallel to the front faces.
  • the device shown in the figures is composed of construction elements whose faces assembly have a longitudinal recess, and assembly parts arranged to be arranged between the assembly faces of two building elements of so as to penetrate into the recesses of the latter.
  • the elements of construction 1 represented in FIGS. 1b, 2, 6 and 7 are elements such as tiles, briquettes ... in particular intended for the realization of partitions.
  • Each of these building elements has two lateral assembly faces 1a, 1b each having two longitudinal grooves 2, 3 separated by a longitudinal central stud 4 high substantially less than the depth of said grooves.
  • This central stud 4 has a section in weakly accented ⁇ shape adapted so that the width of the end of said stud is substantially greater than that of its current portion, so that said end define two longitudinal bands forming spans of contact opposite and parallel to the front faces of building element 1.
  • the grooves 2, 3 comprise, as for them, external longitudinal edges presenting transversely a convex shape.
  • Each assembly face 1a, 1b forms, in in addition, a longitudinal central bowl 5 in the bottom of which open the grooves 2, 3, said bowl being laterally bordered by two longitudinal flat strips 6, 7 by which the building elements come in support.
  • the assembly parts 8 shown in Figures 1a, 3, 4 and 5 and intended to be arranged between the assembly faces 1a, 1b of the construction elements 1 consist of bars whose cross section has the general shape of an H.
  • the core 9 of these assembly parts 8 has a thickness suitable for accommodating itself in the interval defined by the bowls 5 on two sides assembly 1a, 1b, opposite. This core 9 is pierced, at regular intervals, circular holes 10 allowing the discharge of the binder during the installation of the parts assembly 8.
  • Each branch 11, 12 of this part assembly H-shaped 8 is made up of two wings 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b extending on either side of the soul, and spaced so as to be accommodated each in a groove 2, 3.
  • Each of these wings 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b has internal ribs at regular intervals 13, 14 extending orthogonally to the core 9.
  • Each of these ribs 13, 14 has a front face flat, and said ribs have a thickness adapted so that the distance between the front faces of two ribs 13, 14 facing each other, ie substantially less than the maximum width of the central stud 4.
  • the front faces of the ribs 13, 14 form arranged contact surfaces to cooperate with those of the central stud 4 so as to ensure relative locking without play of the assembly parts 8 and construction elements 1 in one direction orthogonal to the front faces of said elements of construction.
  • This arrangement provides a perfect centering between building elements 1 and assembly parts 8 which immediately leads to self-alignment front faces of said elements of construction.
  • Each of the wings 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b of the branches 11, 12 of the assembly parts 8 comprises also, in line with each internal rib 13, 14, a external rib 15, 16 giving the connection pieces 8 an overall width adapted to spare a play by relative to the grooves 2, 3 in order to facilitate the implementation places construction elements on these parts assembly 8.
  • branches 11, 12, and the internal ribs 13, 14, and external ribs 15, 16 are shaped so that each of said branches and the ribs associated with these have a profile tapered.
  • Each branch 11, 12 of the pieces assembly 8 further comprises external bosses 17 bearing on the assembly faces 1a, 1b, capable of ensuring the relative stability and positioning of said parts and assembly faces.
  • bosses arranged at the right of each external rib 15, 16, are of a shape adapted to form two support planes parallel to the core 9 extending symmetrically on either side of it, so that give a reversible character to the assembly parts 8.
  • these bosses 17 have transversely a general trapezoidal shape centered by relation to the plane of the soul 9.
  • the sides of the trapezoid forming the upper and lower faces of these bosses 17 have a concave shape combined with the shape convex of the longitudinal edges of the grooves 2, 3.
  • the core 9 is extended at level of one of its ends by a tongue 19 intended to allow the removal of the assembly part 8, if necessary, using a tool inserted between said tongue and the assembly face of the element of construction.
  • this core 9 is endowed, at the level from its end opposite to the tongue 19, of a notch 20 of conjugate shape of the section of the studs 4.
  • This notch 20 allows, when the height of the last row under the ceiling justifies placing the building elements 1 standing, i.e. with their assembly faces 1a, 1b vertical, to ensure a connection between these building elements and those of the rank inferior.
  • this connection is obtained by interposing one of the pieces assembly 8 between the vertical assembly faces 1a, 1b of the building elements of the last row, so that the notch 20 of the latter comes to cap the central stud 4 of one of the construction elements 1 of the penultimate row.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)
  • Resistance Welding (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

The assembly element has a H-shaped cross-section and is fitted into slots (2, 3) in the facing surfaces of two components (1), with a projection (4) in between each pair of slots. The assembly element comprises a central cross-piece (9) which fits between the two components, and two side-pieces (11, 12) on either side of it, with the side pieces having projecting contact surfaces to engage with the sides of the slots and projections and lock the assembly element in place. It also has lateral projections in the middle of the side pieces, made with concave thrust surfaces to ensure stable positioning.

Description

L'invention vise un dispositif d'assemblage de deux éléments de construction dotés de faces d'assemblage présentant au moins un évidement, du type comprenant au moins une pièce d'assemblage agencée pour être disposée entre deux faces d'assemblage en regard de façon à pénétrer dans deux évidements en vis-à-vis. Cette invention s'étend aux pièces d'assemblage et aux éléments de construction conçus pour la réalisation de ce dispositif d'assemblage.The invention relates to an assembly device of two building elements with faces assembly having at least one recess, of the type comprising at least one assembly part arranged for be placed between two assembly faces opposite so as to enter two opposite recesses. This invention extends to assembly parts and components of construction designed for the realization of this device assembly.

Il existe à l'heure actuelle des techniques visant à faciliter l'assemblage d'éléments de construction tels que par exemple des briquettes ou des briques pour la réalisation de parois verticales.There are techniques today aimed at facilitating the assembly of building elements such as for example briquettes or bricks for the realization of vertical walls.

Le brevet FR-A-2 344 690 décrit ainsi une technique consistant à ménager une rainure longitudinale dans chacune des faces d'assemblage d'éléments de construction consistant en des briquettes destinées à la réalisation de cloisons, et à utiliser des clavettes adaptées pour se loger dans les rainures en regard de deux éléments de construction.Patent FR-A-2,344,690 thus describes a technique of making a longitudinal groove in each of the assembly faces of elements of construction consisting of briquettes intended for the making partitions, and using keys adapted to fit in the grooves opposite two building elements.

Le brevet FR-A-1 072 942 décrit pour sa part un dispositif assurant l'assemblage de deux éléments de construction tels que des parpaings dont les faces latérales présentent une nervure médiane dépassant, vers l'extérieur, de la cloison de bout disposée entre les faces frontales, en retrait par rapport aux extrémités desdites faces frontales. Dans ce brevet, une pièce d'assemblage à section en I est disposée de manière à chevaucher les nervures médianes de deux blocs disposés l'un à côté de l'autre et fixée auxdits blocs par un joint de ciment.FR-A-1 072 942 describes for its part a device ensuring the assembly of two construction elements such as concrete blocks, the side faces of which have a midrib protruding outward from the end wall disposed between the front faces, set back from the ends of said ends front faces. In this patent, an I-section assembly part is arranged so as to overlap the midribs of two blocks arranged one beside on the other and fixed to said blocks by a cement joint.

De telles techniques permettent de faciliter l'assemblage des éléments de construction car les clavettes ou pièces d'assemblage forment des cales de positionnement relatif de ces derniers. Toutefois, ces techniques présentent des limites inhérentes à leur concept même, et ne permettent pas de maítriser de façon efficace la planéité des parois réalisées, obligeant à rectifier quasi-systématiquement la position des éléments de construction lors de la prise du liant. Such techniques facilitate assembly of construction elements because the keys or assembly pieces form relative positioning shims of these last. However, these techniques have limitations inherent in their very concept, and do not allow effectively control the flatness of the walls almost always systematically rectifying the position of the construction elements when taking the binder.

La présente invention vise à pallier cet inconvénient et a pour objectif de fournir une pièce d'assemblage de deux éléments de construction permettant d'obtenir d'emblée un parfait auto-positionnement relatif desdits éléments de construction.The present invention aims to overcome this drawback and aims to provide a assembly piece of two construction elements allowing to obtain immediately perfect relative self-positioning of said construction elements.

L'invention concerne également les éléments de construction mis en oeuvre avec lesdites pièces d'assemblage et l'assemblage réalisé au moyen desdits éléments de construction et desdites pièces d'assemblage.The invention also relates to the construction elements used with said assembly parts and the assembly carried out by means of said elements of construction and said assembly parts.

A cet effet l'invention propose une pièce d'assemblage destinée à être mise en oeuvre pour l'assemblage de deux éléments de construction, notamment un assemblage destiné à la réalisation de cloisons, comportant une portion centrale et deux portions en saillie de part et d'autre de ladite portion centrale, caractérisée en ce que lesdites portions en saillie sont conformées de façon à former au moins un renfoncement par rapport à leurs zones d'extrémité opposées à ladite portion centrale, chacun desdits renfoncements comportant au moins deux portées de contact.To this end, the invention proposes an assembly part intended to be implemented. for the assembly of two construction elements, in particular an assembly intended for the production of partitions, comprising a central portion and two portions projecting on either side of said central portion, characterized in that said projecting portions are shaped so as to form at least one recess by relative to their end zones opposite to said central portion, each of said indentations having at least two contact surfaces.

Selon l'invention, chaque pièce d'assemblage est donc conçue pour venir coiffer des plots ménagés en saillie par rapport aux fonds des évidements ménagés dans les faces d'assemblage des éléments de construction, et comporte, de même que lesdits plots, des portées de contact assurant un blocage relatif sans jeu de ladite pièce d'assemblage et de l'élément de construction selon au moins une des directions parallèles aux faces d'assemblage.According to the invention, each piece assembly is therefore designed to come and style studs protruding from the bottoms of the recesses formed in the assembly faces of the elements of construction, and includes, like said studs, contact surfaces ensuring relative locking without backlash said assembly part and the building element in at least one of the directions parallel to the faces assembly.

Le blocage relatif sans jeu est donc obtenu au droit de surfaces de contact de la pièce d'assemblage distinctes des faces externes par lesquelles la prise de cette pièce d'assemblage est assurée lors de sa manutention. De ce fait, la mise en place d'une pièce d'assemblage sur une face d'assemblage d'un élément de construction, puis l'assemblage, sur ce premier élément de construction, d'un deuxième élément de construction, peuvent être effectués de façon aisée tout en garantissant un parfait auto-positionnement relatif desdits éléments de construction par coopération des portées de contact de ces derniers avec celles conjuguées des pièces d'assemblage.Relative blocking without play is therefore obtained at the contact surfaces of the assembly part distinct from the external faces by which the taking of this assembly part is ensured during its handling. Therefore, the establishment of a room of assembly on an assembly face of an element of construction, then assembly, on this first element of construction, of a second building element, can be done easily while ensuring perfect relative self-positioning of said elements of construction by cooperation of the contact ranges of these the latter with those combined with the assembly parts.

Concernant, par exemple, l'assemblage d'éléments de construction dotés de deux faces frontales orthogonales aux faces d'assemblage, cet auto-positionnement destiné à réaliser un alignement parfait des faces frontales desdits éléments de construction, est ainsi obtenu au moyen de plots comportant deux portées de contact opposées s'étendant parallèlement aux faces frontales.Regarding, for example, the assembly construction elements with two front faces orthogonal to the assembly faces, this self-positioning intended to achieve perfect alignment of front faces of said construction elements, is thus obtained by means of studs comprising two contact spans opposite extending parallel to the front faces.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, chaque pièce d'assemblage présente des portions en saillie de formes adaptées pour obtenir un jeu entre lesdites portions en saillie et les bords périphériques en regard des évidements.According to another characteristic of the invention, each assembly part presents protruding portions of shapes adapted to obtain a clearance between said protruding portions and the edges peripherals next to the recesses.

Cette disposition permet de ménager un jeu facilitant notamment la mise en place d'un élément de construction relativement à une pièce d'assemblage positionnée sur la face d'assemblage d'un premier élément de construction.This arrangement allows for a game facilitating in particular the installation of an element of construction relative to an assembly part positioned on the assembly face of a first element of construction.

De plus, chaque pièce d'assemblage comporte préférentiellement des butées d'appui sur les faces d'assemblage, aptes à assurer la stabilité et le positionnement relatifs desdites pièces et faces d'assemblage.In addition, each assembly part has preferably bearing stops on the faces assembly, capable of ensuring stability and relative positioning of said parts and faces assembly.

Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel du dispositif d'assemblage selon l'invention, les pièces d'assemblage comportent des portions en saillie aptes à venir se loger dans chacune des rainures, et dotées de portées de contact opposées espacées transversalement d'une distance sensiblement inférieure à la largeur du plot central.According to a preferred embodiment of the assembly device according to the invention, the assembly parts include projecting portions suitable for accommodating themselves in each of the grooves, and with spaced opposite contact spans transversely from a distance appreciably less than the width of the central stud.

De plus, le plot central de chaque évidement présente avantageusement un tronçon d'extrémité de largeur sensiblement supérieure à celle de sa partie courante, définissant deux portées de contact parallèles et opposées. Cette forme des plots centraux permet d'obtenir un parfait blocage des pièces d'assemblage tout en réduisant la surface des portées de contact et donc l'effort à exercer lors de l'assemblage.In addition, the central stud of each recess advantageously has an end section of width appreciably greater than that of its part current, defining two parallel contact spans and opposite. This shape of the central studs makes it possible to obtain perfect locking of the assembly parts while reducing the surface of the contact surfaces and therefore the effort to be exerted during assembly.

Chaque pièce d'assemblage ayant un profil en forme de H dont l'âme constitue la portion centrale et dont les branches constituent les portions en saillie, le jeu de mise en place est avantageusement obtenu en dotant chaque branche de nervures externes s'étendant orthogonalement par rapport à l'âme, conférant auxdites pièces d'assemblage une largeur sensiblement inférieure à la largeur totale de l'évidement des faces d'assemblage.Each assembly part having an H-shaped profile including the soul constitutes the central portion and whose branches constitute the portions projecting, the set up is advantageously obtained by endowing each branch with ribs external extending orthogonally to the core, giving said assembly parts a width significantly less than the total width of the recess assembly faces.

En outre, selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, chaque branche des pièces d'assemblage est dotée de nervures internes s'étendant orthogonalement par rapport à l'âme, agencées pour constituer les portées de contact desdites pièces d'assemblage.In addition, according to another characteristic of the invention, each branch of the assembly parts is with internal ribs extending orthogonally through relationship to the soul, arranged to constitute the spans of contact of said assembly parts.

De telles nervures fournissent une surface de contact suffisante pour assurer un blocage relatif sans jeu de la pièce d'assemblage vis-à-vis des éléments de construction, tout en réduisant l'effort à exercer en vue de la mise en place des pièces d'assemblage.Such ribs provide a surface sufficient contact to ensure relative locking without clearance of the assembly part with respect to the elements of construction, while reducing the effort required to exercise the installation of assembly parts.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'âme de chaque pièce d'assemblage est percée d'au moins un orifice.According to another characteristic of the invention, the core of each assembly part is pierced at least one orifice.

De tels orifices permettent l'éventuel refoulement du liant disposé sur la face d'assemblage d'un élément de construction sur laquelle est mise en place la j pièce d'assemblage, provoquant notamment la création d'un phénomène de ventouse qui maintient ladite pièce d'assemblage en position même si l'on doit procéder au retrait de l'élément de construction ultérieurement assemblé sur cette pièce d'assemblage, par exemple en cas d'erreur de positionnement de cet élément de construction.Such orifices allow the possible delivery of the binder placed on the assembly face of a construction element on which the j assembly part, causing in particular the creation of a suction cup phenomenon which holds said part assembly in position even if the later removal of the building element assembled on this assembly part, for example in case positioning error of this construction element.

Par ailleurs, les butées d'appui sur les faces d'assemblage de ces pièces d'assemblage constituées d'un profil en forme de H sont avantageusement constituées de bossages faisant saillie par rapport à la face externe des branches et s'étendant sensiblement dans le même plan que l'âme.Furthermore, the support stops on the assembly faces of these assembly parts constituted of an H-shaped profile are advantageously constituted bosses protruding from the outer face branches and extending substantially in the same plane than the soul.

De plus, ces bossages d'appui présentent préférentiellement des formes adaptées pour définir deux plans d'appui parallèles à l'âme s'étendant symétriquement de part et d'autre de celle-ci. De ce fait, les pièces d'assemblage sont réversibles et n'ont pas de sens de pose imposé.In addition, these support bosses have preferably forms adapted to define two symmetrically extending parallel support planes to the web on either side of it. As a result, the pieces are reversible and have no laying direction imposed.

La cuvette centrale longitudinale, formée dans les faces latérales d'assemblage des éléments de construction, forme un renfoncement longitudinal apte à loger l'âme des pièces d'assemblage, et à être rempli de liant assurant le scellement des faces d'assemblage, tout en conférant à la paroi réalisée l'aspect d'une paroi sans joint du fait que les éléments de construction portent les uns sur les autres par l'intermédiaire des bandes planes latérales d'appui.The bowl longitudinal unit, formed in the lateral faces of assembly of the building elements, forms a recess longitudinal capable of accommodating the core of the assembly parts, and to be filled with binder ensuring the sealing of the faces assembly, while conferring on the wall produced the appearance of a seamless wall because the elements of construction relate to each other by through the flat lateral support bands.

De plus, la présence de cette cuvette permet de refouler l'éventuel excédent de liant vers le réservoir que forment les rainures, notamment entre deux pièces d'assemblage, du fait que ces dernières sont positionnées ponctuellement, et non en direction des bandes planes de contact des éléments de construction. Par conséquent, les éléments de construction portent les uns sur les autres par des surfaces de contact planes qui garantissent une très grande stabilité et un parfait auto-alignement, et ce d'autant plus que ces surfaces de contact sont latérales et donc éloignées du plan de symétrie longitudinal desdits éléments de construction.In addition, the presence of this bowl allows any excess binder to be pushed back to the reservoir formed by the grooves, in particular between two assembly parts, since these are positioned punctually, not in the direction of the bands construction element contact planes. Through therefore, the building elements carry one on the others by planar contact surfaces which guarantee very high stability and perfect self-alignment, and all the more so since these contact surfaces are lateral and therefore distant from the plane of symmetry longitudinal of said construction elements.

En outre, la technique de pose de tels éléments de construction est très aisée car elle s'avère similaire à la technique de pose à sec d'éléments de construction.In addition, the technique of laying such construction elements is very easy because it turns out similar to the dry lay technique construction.

L'invention s'étend également à des éléments de construction conçus pour être assemblés avec les pièces d'assemblage ci-dessus définies.The invention also extends to building elements designed to be assembled with the assembly parts defined above.

L'invention vise ainsi, notamment, des éléments de construction dotés de deux faces latérales d'assemblage et de deux faces frontales orthogonales auxdites faces d'assemblage, caractérisés en ce que chaque face d'assemblage comporte au moins un évidement doté d'au moins un plot s'étendant en saillie par rapport au fond dudit évidement et présentant une hauteur au plus égale à la profondeur de ce dernier, chacun desdits plots présentant au moins deux portées de contact opposées et parallèles au faces frontales. The invention thus relates, in particular, to construction elements with two side faces assembly and two orthogonal front faces to said assembly faces, characterized in that each assembly face has at least one recess provided with minus a stud projecting from the bottom of said recess and having a height at most equal to the depth of the latter, each of said studs having at least two opposite contact surfaces and parallel to the front faces.

D'autres caractéristiques, buts et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description détaillée qui suit en référence aux dessins annexés qui en représentent, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, deux modes de réalisation préférentiels. Sur ces dessins qui font partie intégrante de la présente description :

  • la figure 1a est une vue en perspective d'une pièce d'assemblage conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 1b est une vue en perspective d'un élément de construction tel qu'un carreau pour la réalisation de cloisons, et de deux pièces d'assemblage, conformes à l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une coupe transversale représentant deux éléments de construction tels qu'utilisés pour la réalisation de cloisons, assemblés conformément à l'invention,
  • la figure 3 est une coupe transversale d'une pièce d'assemblage conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 4 est une vue latérale de cette pièce d'assemblage,
  • la figure 5 en est une vue de dessus,
  • la figure 6 est une vue en perspective partielle d'une cloison réalisée conformément à l'invention,
  • la figure 7 est une coupe transversale par un plan vertical de cette cloison.
Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the invention will emerge from the detailed description which follows with reference to the appended drawings which show, by way of non-limiting examples, two preferred embodiments. On these drawings which form an integral part of this description:
  • FIG. 1a is a perspective view of an assembly part according to the invention,
  • FIG. 1b is a perspective view of a construction element such as a tile for the production of partitions, and of two assembly parts, in accordance with the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section representing two construction elements as used for the production of partitions, assembled in accordance with the invention,
  • FIG. 3 is a cross section of an assembly part according to the invention,
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of this assembly part,
  • FIG. 5 is a top view thereof,
  • FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of a partition produced in accordance with the invention,
  • Figure 7 is a cross section through a vertical plane of this partition.

Le dispositif représenté aux figures se compose d'éléments de construction dont les faces d'assemblage sont dotées d'un évidement longitudinal, et de pièces d'assemblage agencées pour être disposées entre les faces d'assemblage de deux éléments de construction de façon à pénétrer dans les évidements de ces dernières.The device shown in the figures is composed of construction elements whose faces assembly have a longitudinal recess, and assembly parts arranged to be arranged between the assembly faces of two building elements of so as to penetrate into the recesses of the latter.

En premier lieu, les éléments de construction 1 représentés aux figures 1b, 2, 6 et 7 sont des éléments du type carreaux, briquettes... notamment destinés à la réalisation de cloisons.First, the elements of construction 1 represented in FIGS. 1b, 2, 6 and 7 are elements such as tiles, briquettes ... in particular intended for the realization of partitions.

Chacun de ces éléments de construction présente deux faces latérales d'assemblage 1a, 1b comportant chacune deux rainures longitudinales 2, 3 séparées par un plot central longitudinal 4 de hauteur sensiblement inférieure à la profondeur desdites rainures.Each of these building elements has two lateral assembly faces 1a, 1b each having two longitudinal grooves 2, 3 separated by a longitudinal central stud 4 high substantially less than the depth of said grooves.

Ce plot central 4 présente une section en forme de Ω faiblement accentué adaptée pour que la largeur de l'extrémité dudit plot soit sensiblement supérieure à celle de sa portion courante, de façon que ladite extrémité définisse deux bandes longitudinales formant des portées de contact opposées et parallèles aux faces frontales de l'élément de construction 1.This central stud 4 has a section in weakly accented Ω shape adapted so that the width of the end of said stud is substantially greater than that of its current portion, so that said end define two longitudinal bands forming spans of contact opposite and parallel to the front faces of building element 1.

Les rainures 2, 3 comportent, quant à elles, des bords longitudinaux externes présentant transversalement une forme convexe.The grooves 2, 3 comprise, as for them, external longitudinal edges presenting transversely a convex shape.

Chaque face d'assemblage 1a, 1b forme, en outre, une cuvette centrale longitudinale 5 dans le fond de laquelle débouchent les rainures 2, 3, ladite cuvette étant bordée latéralement par deux bandes planes longitudinales 6, 7 par lesquelles les éléments de construction viennent en appui.Each assembly face 1a, 1b forms, in in addition, a longitudinal central bowl 5 in the bottom of which open the grooves 2, 3, said bowl being laterally bordered by two longitudinal flat strips 6, 7 by which the building elements come in support.

Les pièces d'assemblage 8 représentées aux figures la, 3, 4 et 5 et destinées à être disposées entre les faces d'assemblage 1a, 1b des éléments de construction 1 consistent quant à elles en des barrettes dont la section présente la forme générale d'un H.The assembly parts 8 shown in Figures 1a, 3, 4 and 5 and intended to be arranged between the assembly faces 1a, 1b of the construction elements 1 consist of bars whose cross section has the general shape of an H.

L'âme 9 de ces pièces d'assemblage 8 présente une épaisseur adaptée pour venir se loger dans l'intervalle défini par les cuvettes 5 de deux faces d'assemblage 1a, 1b, en regard. Cette âme 9 est percée, à intervalles réguliers, d'orifices circulaires 10 permettant le refoulement du liant lors de la mise en place des pièces d'assemblage 8.The core 9 of these assembly parts 8 has a thickness suitable for accommodating itself in the interval defined by the bowls 5 on two sides assembly 1a, 1b, opposite. This core 9 is pierced, at regular intervals, circular holes 10 allowing the discharge of the binder during the installation of the parts assembly 8.

Chaque branche 11, 12 de cette pièce d'assemblage 8 en forme de H est formée, quant à elle, de deux ailes 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b s'étendant de part et d'autre de l'âme, et espacées de façon à venir se loger chacune dans une rainure 2, 3.Each branch 11, 12 of this part assembly H-shaped 8 is made up of two wings 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b extending on either side of the soul, and spaced so as to be accommodated each in a groove 2, 3.

Chacune de ces ailes 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, comporte, à intervalles réguliers, des nervures internes 13, 14 s'étendant orthogonalement par rapport à l'âme 9. Chacune de ces nervures 13, 14 présente une face frontale plane, et lesdites nervures présentent une épaisseur adaptée pour que la distance séparant les faces frontales de deux nervures 13, 14 en vis-à-vis soit sensiblement inférieure à la largeur maximale du plot central 4.Each of these wings 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, has internal ribs at regular intervals 13, 14 extending orthogonally to the core 9. Each of these ribs 13, 14 has a front face flat, and said ribs have a thickness adapted so that the distance between the front faces of two ribs 13, 14 facing each other, ie substantially less than the maximum width of the central stud 4.

De ce fait, les faces frontales des nervures 13, 14 forment des portées de contact agencées pour coopérer avec celles du plot central 4 de façon à assurer un blocage relatif sans jeu des pièces d'assemblage 8 et des éléments de construction 1 selon une direction orthogonale aux faces frontales desdits éléments de construction.As a result, the front faces of the ribs 13, 14 form arranged contact surfaces to cooperate with those of the central stud 4 so as to ensure relative locking without play of the assembly parts 8 and construction elements 1 in one direction orthogonal to the front faces of said elements of construction.

Cette disposition permet d'obtenir un parfait centrage entre les éléments de construction 1 et les pièces d'assemblage 8 qui conduit d'emblée à un auto-alignement des faces frontales desdits éléments de construction.This arrangement provides a perfect centering between building elements 1 and assembly parts 8 which immediately leads to self-alignment front faces of said elements of construction.

De plus, les portées de contact des pièces d'assemblage 8 étant ponctuelles, la force à exercer pour assembler ces pièces d'assemblage et les éléments de construction 1 se trouve limitée, facilitant la mise en place et autorisant un retrait éventuel en cas de nécessité.In addition, the contact ranges of the parts assembly 8 being punctual, the force to be exerted for assemble these assembly parts and the elements of construction 1 is limited, facilitating the implementation place and authorizing a possible withdrawal in case of need.

Chacune des ailes 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b des branches 11, 12 des pièces d'assemblage 8 comporte également, au droit de chaque nervure interne 13, 14, une nervure externe 15, 16 conférant aux pièces d'assemblage 8 une largeur hors tout adaptée pour ménager un jeu par rapport aux rainures 2, 3 en vue de faciliter la mise en place des éléments de construction sur ces pièces d'assemblage 8.Each of the wings 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b of the branches 11, 12 of the assembly parts 8 comprises also, in line with each internal rib 13, 14, a external rib 15, 16 giving the connection pieces 8 an overall width adapted to spare a play by relative to the grooves 2, 3 in order to facilitate the implementation places construction elements on these parts assembly 8.

De plus, les branches 11, 12, et les nervures internes 13, 14, et externes 15, 16 sont conformées de façon que chacune desdites branches et les nervures associées à ces dernières présentent un profil effilé.In addition, branches 11, 12, and the internal ribs 13, 14, and external ribs 15, 16 are shaped so that each of said branches and the ribs associated with these have a profile tapered.

Chaque branche 11, 12 des pièces d'assemblage 8 comporte, en outre, des bossages externes 17 d'appui sur les faces d'assemblage 1a, 1b, aptes à assurer la stabilité et le positionnement relatifs desdites pièces et faces d'assemblage.Each branch 11, 12 of the pieces assembly 8 further comprises external bosses 17 bearing on the assembly faces 1a, 1b, capable of ensuring the relative stability and positioning of said parts and assembly faces.

Ces bossages, disposés au droit de chaque nervure externe 15, 16, sont de forme adaptée pour former deux plans d'appui parallèles à l'âme 9 s'étendant symétriquement de part et d'autre de celle-ci, de façon à conférer un caractère réversible aux pièces d'assemblage 8.These bosses, arranged at the right of each external rib 15, 16, are of a shape adapted to form two support planes parallel to the core 9 extending symmetrically on either side of it, so that give a reversible character to the assembly parts 8.

A cet effet, ces bossages 17 présentent transversalement une forme générale trapézoïdale axée par rapport au plan de l'âme 9. De plus, les côtés du trapèze formant les faces supérieure et inférieure de ces bossages 17 présentent une forme concave conjuguée de la forme convexe des bords longitudinaux des rainures 2, 3.To this end, these bosses 17 have transversely a general trapezoidal shape centered by relation to the plane of the soul 9. In addition, the sides of the trapezoid forming the upper and lower faces of these bosses 17 have a concave shape combined with the shape convex of the longitudinal edges of the grooves 2, 3.

Par ailleurs, l'âme 9 est prolongée au niveau d'une de ses extrémités par une languette 19 destinée à permettre le retrait de la pièce d'assemblage 8, en cas de nécessité, au moyen d'un outil inséré entre ladite languette et la face d'assemblage de l'élément de construction.Furthermore, the core 9 is extended at level of one of its ends by a tongue 19 intended to allow the removal of the assembly part 8, if necessary, using a tool inserted between said tongue and the assembly face of the element of construction.

De plus, cette âme 9 est dotée, au niveau de son extrémité opposée à la languette 19, d'une échancrure 20 de forme conjuguée de la section des plots centraux 4. Cette échancrure 20 permet, lorsque la hauteur du dernier rang sous plafond justifie de disposer les éléments de construction 1 debout, c'est-à-dire avec leurs faces d'assemblage 1a, 1b verticales, d'assurer une liaison entre ces éléments de construction et ceux du rang inférieur.In addition, this core 9 is endowed, at the level from its end opposite to the tongue 19, of a notch 20 of conjugate shape of the section of the studs 4. This notch 20 allows, when the height of the last row under the ceiling justifies placing the building elements 1 standing, i.e. with their assembly faces 1a, 1b vertical, to ensure a connection between these building elements and those of the rank inferior.

Tel que représenté aux figures 6 et 7, cette liaison est obtenue en interposant une des pièces d'assemblage 8 entre les faces d'assemblage verticales 1a, 1b des éléments de construction du dernier rang, de façon que l'échancrure 20 de cette dernière vienne coiffer le plot central 4 d'un des éléments de construction 1 de l'avant-dernier rang.As shown in Figures 6 and 7, this connection is obtained by interposing one of the pieces assembly 8 between the vertical assembly faces 1a, 1b of the building elements of the last row, so that the notch 20 of the latter comes to cap the central stud 4 of one of the construction elements 1 of the penultimate row.

Claims (24)

  1. An assembly part intended for use for assembling two construction elements, in particular an assembly intended for producing partitions, comprising a central portion (9) and two portions (11, 12) projecting on either side of said central portion (9), characterised in that said projecting portions (11, 12) are shaped so as to form at least one indentation relative to their end zones opposite said central portion (9), each of said indentations comprising at least two contact surfaces (13, 14).
  2. An assembly part according to Claim 1, characterised in that it consists of an H-shaped profile, the core (9) of which constitutes the central portion, and the branches (11, 12) of which constitute the projecting portions.
  3. An assembly part according to Claim 2, characterised in that each branch (11, 12) is provided with internal ribs (13, 14) extending orthogonally relative to the core (9), which ribs are arranged to form the contact surfaces of said assembly parts.
  4. An assembly part according to one of Claims 2 or 3, characterised in that each branch (11, 12) is provided with external ribs (15, 16) extending orthogonally relative to the core (9).
  5. An assembly part according to Claims 2 to 4 taken together, characterised in that the branches (11, 12) and the internal ribs (13, 14) and external ribs (15, 16) are shaped such that each branch (11, 12) and the ribs (13, 15), (14, 16) associated with the latter have a tapered profile.
  6. An assembly part according to one of Claims 2 to 5, characterised in that the core (9) is provided with at least one orifice (10).
  7. An assembly part according to one of Claims 2 to 6, characterised in that it comprises bearing surfaces formed of tenons (17) projecting relative to the outer face of the branches (11, 12) and extending substantially in the same plane as the core (9).
  8. An assembly part according to Claim 7, characterised in that the bearing tenons (17) are of shapes suitable for defining two parallel bearing planes extending symmetrically on either side of the plane of the core (9).
  9. An assembly part according to one of Claims 2 to 8, characterised in that the core (9) is extended by a plate (19) at one of its ends.
  10. An assembly part according to one of Claims 2 to 9, characterised in that the core (9) has a cutout (20) at one of its ends.
  11. A construction element for producing walls by means of assembly parts according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, comprising two front faces orthogonal to two lateral assembly faces (1a, 1b) comprising at least one recess bordered by two flat longitudinal strips (6, 7) and formed of a central longitudinal dish (5) into which open two longitudinal grooves (2, 3) separated by a longitudinal central block (4), or rib, comprising two opposed contact surfaces extending parallel to the front faces of the construction element, characterised in that said central block (4) has an end section of a width substantially greater than that of its running part, defining the contact surfaces of said block.
  12. An assembly, in particular intended for the production of partitions, comprising two construction elements (1) according to Claim 11, provided with front faces and assembly faces (1a, 1b), said assembly faces (1a, 1b) each having at least one recess bordered by two longitudinal flat strips (6, 7), the recesses of the assembly faces of the two construction elements being arranged so as to face each other when they are arranged opposite each other for forming a partition, the two construction elements (1) coming to bear one against the other by said longitudinal flat strips (6, 7) and having their front faces aligned, and at least one assembly part (8) according to any one of Claims 1 to 10 arranged to be located in said recesses opposite the construction elements (1),
    in which:
    each recess of the assembly faces is formed by a central longitudinal dish (5) into which two longitudinal grooves (2, 3) open which are separated by a longitudinal central block (4), or rib, comprising two opposed contact surfaces extending parallel to the front faces of the construction element (1),
    each assembly part (8) is formed by an H-section bar and has a core (9) forming a central portion and two branches (11, 12) each formed of two wings (11a, 11b; 12a, 12b) extending on either side of said core (9) and spaced so as to each come to be housed in a groove (2, 3),
    said assembly part (8) being arranged between the two construction elements (1) with its core (9) housed in the space defined by the central dishes (5) of the two assembly faces (1a, 1b) opposite said construction elements (1) and each wing (11a, 11b; 12a, 12b) of the two branches (11, 12) arranged in a groove (2, 3) of the recesses of the assembly faces (1a, 1b),
    characterised in that each wing (11a, 11b; 12a, 12b) of the assembly part (8) comprises contact surfaces (13, 14) such that the distance between them is less than the maximum width of a central block (4) or rib such that said contact surfaces (13, 14) effect relative locking without play of the assembly part (8) and of the construction elements (1) in at least one of the directions parallel to the assembly faces.
  13. An assembly according to Claim 12, characterised in that the branches (11, 12) of each assembly part (8) are of a shape suitable for obtaining play between them and the opposite peripheral edges of the grooves (2, 3).
  14. An assembly according to Claim 12 or Claim 13, characterised in that each assembly part (8) comprises bearing surfaces (17) on the assembly faces (1a, 1b) which are suitable for ensuring the stability and the relative positioning of said assembly parts and faces.
  15. An assembly according to any one of Claims 12 to 14, characterised in that the central bloc (4) of each recess has an end section of a width substantially greater than that of its running part, defining two parallel, opposed contact surfaces.
  16. An assembly according to any one of Claims 12 to 15, characterised in that each branch (11, 12) of the assembly parts (8) is provided with external ribs (15, 16) extending orthogonally relative to the core (9), imparting to said assembly parts a width substantially less than the total width of the groove (2, 3) of the assembly faces (1a, 1b).
  17. An assembly according to any one of Claims 12 to 16, characterised in that each branch (11, 12) of the assembly parts (8) is provided with internal ribs (13, 14) extending orthogonally relative to the core (9), which are arranged to form the contact surfaces of said assembly parts.
  18. An assembly according to Claims 16 and 17 taken together, characterised in that the branches (11, 12) and the internal ribs (13, 14) and external ribs (15, 16) are shaped such that each branch (11, 12) and the ribs (13, 15), (14, 16) associated with the latter have a tapered profile.
  19. An assembly according to any one of Claims 12 to 18, characterised in that the core (9) of each assembly part (8) is provided with at least one orifice (10).
  20. An assembly according to one of Claims 14 to 19, characterised in that the bearing surfaces on the assembly faces (1a, 1b) are formed of boss stops (17) projecting relative to the external face of the branches (11, 12) and extending substantially in the same plane as the core (9).
  21. An assembly according to Claim 20, characterised in that the bearing bosses (17) are of suitable shapes for defining two bearing planes parallel to the core (9) extending symmetrically on either side thereof.
  22. An assembly according to one of Claims 20 or 21, characterised in that the grooves (2, 3) comprise external longitudinal edges having transversely a convex shape, the bearing bosses (17) comprising bearing faces of conjugated concave shape.
  23. An assembly according to any one of Claims 12 to 22, characterised in that the core (9) of each assembly part (8) is extended by a tongue (19) at the level of one of its ends.
  24. An assembly according to one of Claims 12 to 23, characterised in that the core of each assembly part has, at the level of one of its ends, a cutout of conjugated form of the section of the central blocks of the assembly faces, such that it is possible to position certain construction elements with their assembly faces arranged perpendicular to the assembly faces of the construction elements of the lower row, and to position an assembly part with its cutout capping the central block of the construction element of the lower row.
EP95201294A 1994-05-24 1995-05-18 Coupling arrangement for two construction elements, connecting pieces and construction elements adapted for such an arrangement Expired - Lifetime EP0684349B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9406494 1994-05-24
FR9406494A FR2720425B1 (en) 1994-05-24 1994-05-24 Device for assembling two construction elements, assembly parts and construction elements designed for the production of this assembly device.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0684349A1 EP0684349A1 (en) 1995-11-29
EP0684349B1 true EP0684349B1 (en) 1999-10-20

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95201294A Expired - Lifetime EP0684349B1 (en) 1994-05-24 1995-05-18 Coupling arrangement for two construction elements, connecting pieces and construction elements adapted for such an arrangement

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EP (1) EP0684349B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE185864T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69512828T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2138700T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2720425B1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19706897A1 (en) * 1997-02-21 1998-09-03 Huurne Andre Ter Building blocks for construction of wall
EP3445924B1 (en) 2016-04-18 2023-12-20 B&D Opmeer B.V. Method of building a dry wall building

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE518725A (en) *
FR1072942A (en) * 1953-03-13 1954-09-16 prefabricated parts for building houses and the like
FR2307097A1 (en) * 1975-04-09 1976-11-05 Messina Fernand Cement free block wall constructions - uses keybolts inserted into dovetail grooves in side faces fo blocks
FR2344690A1 (en) * 1976-03-15 1977-10-14 Ind Regionale Batiment Cellular brick construction element - has supple key pieces engaging grooves in adjacent elements
AU2841577A (en) * 1977-08-31 1979-03-08 Montanelli M Construction of vertical walls of buildings
DE8437222U1 (en) * 1984-12-20 1985-04-04 Lüdenscheider Betonstein- und Mischwerke GmbH & Co KG, 5880 Lüdenscheid FORMSTEIN
US4986048A (en) * 1990-01-11 1991-01-22 Pittsburgh Corning Corporation Method and apparatus for erecting a glass block wall

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69512828D1 (en) 1999-11-25
EP0684349A1 (en) 1995-11-29
FR2720425B1 (en) 1996-08-02
FR2720425A1 (en) 1995-12-01
ATE185864T1 (en) 1999-11-15
ES2138700T3 (en) 2000-01-16
DE69512828T2 (en) 2000-06-15

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