EP0679240A1 - Method of reprocessing residual waste - Google Patents

Method of reprocessing residual waste

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Publication number
EP0679240A1
EP0679240A1 EP95900748A EP95900748A EP0679240A1 EP 0679240 A1 EP0679240 A1 EP 0679240A1 EP 95900748 A EP95900748 A EP 95900748A EP 95900748 A EP95900748 A EP 95900748A EP 0679240 A1 EP0679240 A1 EP 0679240A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
residual waste
pyrolysis
temperatures
waste
subjected
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95900748A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Friedrich Teufert
Rudolf Schandl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SCHANDL, RUDOLF
Teufert Friedrich
Original Assignee
Schandl Rudolf
Teufert Friedrich
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schandl Rudolf, Teufert Friedrich filed Critical Schandl Rudolf
Publication of EP0679240A1 publication Critical patent/EP0679240A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/07—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G1/00—Furnaces for cremation of human or animal carcasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/302—Treating pyrosolids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/303—Burning pyrogases

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for processing residual waste, in particular fine waste, according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • the invention further relates to an apparatus for performing the method.
  • the residual waste generated at the waste sorting plants is generally either brought to a landfill or burned in waste incineration plants. Landfilling is becoming increasingly critical in view of the scarce landfill space, while waste incineration or the removal of residual waste in high-temperature reactors can create harmful substances such as dioxins, furans or NOX.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device which does not have these disadvantages and which enables the most extensive possible recycling of all substances contained in the residual waste without releasing harmful constituents.
  • the residual waste to be processed is used in the finest possible state in the process according to the invention.
  • Coarser residual waste components can be shredded in an upstream shredding stage.
  • the residual waste components are then mixed with a dry neutralizing agent, for example with quick lime, slaked lime and the like.
  • the residual waste components can also be pressed into cartridge-like compacts. After being sealed, these cartridges can be placed under vacuum, if necessary also with the addition of ozone. In this form they can be stored for a long time.
  • the rotting is interrupted by the pressing, ozone and / or vacuum treatment. Vacuum treatment prevents most aerobic processes, and ozone treatment can also prevent the additional breakdown of fatty acids and the like.
  • the cartridges can also be stored over a long period of time, which allows temporary or even longer interim storage.
  • the waste, the residual waste or the compressed cartridges, which can also be shredded, are then fed to a first drying stage, which are dried at temperatures of 100 to 150 ° C. Then they are transferred to a pyrolysis stage, in which they are processed at temperatures of 200 to 800 ° C, preferably from 300 to 600 "C and in particular from 300 to 400" C are subjected to pyrolysis.
  • the pyrolysis can also be carried out with the upstream drying stage in the same reaction vessel by gradually increasing the temperature, if appropriate also in different reaction zones.
  • the degassed material obtained in the pyrolysis is then cooled in a cooling stage, the one in the cooling stage
  • ERS ⁇ ZBL ⁇ (RULE 26) removed heat can be returned to the drying or pyrolysis stage.
  • the metals can be separated from the dry material contained in the pyrolysis. In the case of ferrous metals, this can be done, for example, in a known manner using a magnet. Furthermore, the material can be subjected to a combined roller crushing process, in which shear and rubbing stresses occur in addition to the crushing stress on the material. In the process, the inorganic materials are crushed, while the clear cross-section of metallic components is enlarged by the roll crushing treatment. This results in different grain sizes so that the metals can be screened off from the inorganic constituents.
  • the combined roller crushing treatment can be carried out in known devices, for example in double rollers or pan millers or roller arrangements with positive guides and the like.
  • the inorganic and carbon-containing material freed from the metal can be stored or used, for example, as fuel.
  • the gas mixtures resulting from the pyrolysis can, for example, be passed through a dust filter. They are then catalytically burned in a catalytic post-combustion stage at temperatures of 200 to 400 ° C., preferably 300 to 400 ° C.
  • the catalysts which are customary in the catalytic post-combustion are suitable.
  • the heat released in the catalytic afterburning can be utilized, for example during drying in the first stage of the reactor or for heat generation in one of the process stages, for example during drying or pyrolytic Gasification.
  • the catalytic afterburning can be followed by a washing stage in which water-soluble substances are washed out. Acids or bases can also be removed with neutralizing agents. The gas can also be passed through condensers so that the environment is only polluted with CO 2.
  • a device for carrying out the method contains a mixing device, a dryer and pyrolysis reactor downstream of the mixing device and a catalytic downstream of this
  • the system can be built in standard container construction and is then mobile. It can be constructed in units with a throughput of 30 to 10,000 kg / h and allows the recycling of all substances contained in the residual waste except C02. It enables a real economical and ecological alternative to conventional waste incineration plants or high-temperature reactors. It does not have a fireplace, nor does it give off residues. It is sewage free. For the first time, the system enables waste to be disposed of decentrally; a landfill is no longer required.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for processing residual waste, but also for waste-like materials, such as residues from food technology, paper technology or for processing carcasses or plastic waste.
  • a crushing stage 1 the residual waste is crushed and lime is added in an amount such that the acidic components are neutralized. Moreover,
  • REPLACEMENT SHEET (RULE 26 the addition of lime serves to granulate and dry the residual waste.
  • the residual waste is then pressed into cartridges in a compression stage 2 and temporarily stored in a storage container in a vacuum.
  • the vacuum is maintained by a vacuum pump.
  • a metering device for ozone can be provided.
  • the residual waste mixed with lime is dried at a temperature of approx. 130 ° C.
  • the dried material arrives in a second reactor 4, in which it is pyrolyzed at temperatures between 300 and 400 ° C., so that only carbon remains from the organic constituents as a solid phase.
  • the dust-containing particles obtained in drying stage 3 and pyrolysis stage 4 Gases are fed to a dust filter 10 together with the gas obtained in the subsequent cooling stage 5.
  • the dedusted gases are burned in a catalytic post-combustion at 300 to 400 ° C. with the aid of a suitable catalyst, the resulting combustion gases are passed outside through a condenser 12.
  • the solid material emerging from the cooling stage 5 is treated with a magnet 6 in order to separate ferrous metal. Then it is subjected to a combined roller crushing treatment with a double roller 7, in which, in addition to the squeezing effect of the rollers, shear and rubbing influences act on the solid material. This crushes carbon and inorganic materials, while the non-ferrous metals are rolled while increasing their clear cross-section. In this way, the non-ferrous metals with larger grain sizes can be separated from the solid material in a sieving stage 8. The remaining solid material, which consists of inorganic materials and carbon, can be stored in a silo 9 and then used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

The proposed method of reprocessing residual waste or similar material, especially finely divided residual waste, is characterized by the fact that the residual waste constituents are mixed (1) with a dry neutralising agent such as burnt lime, dried (3) at temperatures of between 100 and 150 DEG C, subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures of between 200 and 800 DEG C (4), the gases obtained during pyrolysis undergoing catalytic post-combustion (11) at temperatures of 200-400 DEG C.

Description

VERFAHREN ZUM AUFARBEITEN VON RESTMULL METHOD FOR PROCESSING RESTMULL
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Aufarbeiten von Restmüll, insbesondere feinteiligem Restmüll, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruches. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The present invention relates to a method for processing residual waste, in particular fine waste, according to the preamble of the main claim. The invention further relates to an apparatus for performing the method.
Der bei den Müllsortieranlagen anfallende Restmüll wird im allgemeinen entweder auf eine Deponie geschafft oder in Müllverbrennungsanlagen verbrannt. Die Deponierung wird angesichts des knappen Deponieraumes immer kritischer, bei der MüllVerbrennung oder bei der Beseitung des Restmülls in Hochtemperaturreaktoren können schädliche Stoffe, wie beispielsweise Dioxine, Furane oder NOX gebildet werden.The residual waste generated at the waste sorting plants is generally either brought to a landfill or burned in waste incineration plants. Landfilling is becoming increasingly critical in view of the scarce landfill space, while waste incineration or the removal of residual waste in high-temperature reactors can create harmful substances such as dioxins, furans or NOX.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, die diese Nachteile nicht aufweist und eine möglichst umfassende Wiederverwertung aller im Restmüll enthaltenen Stoffe ermöglicht, ohne dabei schädliche Bestandteile freizusetzen.The object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device which does not have these disadvantages and which enables the most extensive possible recycling of all substances contained in the residual waste without releasing harmful constituents.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe in einem gattungsgemäßen Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruches durch dessen kennzeichnende Merkmale. Die Unteransprüche geben bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung wieder.This object is achieved in a generic method according to the preamble of the main claim by its characterizing features. The subclaims give preferred embodiments of the invention.
εftSATZBLAπ (REGEL 26) Der aufzuarbeitende Restmüll wird in möglichst feinteiligem Zustand in das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eingesetzt. Gröbere Restmüllbestandteile können in einer vorgeschalteten Zerkleinerungsstufe zerkleinert werden. Die Restmüllbestandteile werden dann mit einem trockenen Neutralisationsmittel vermischt, beispielsweise mit Brennkalk, gelöschtem Kalk und dergleichen.εftSATZBLAπ (RULE 26) The residual waste to be processed is used in the finest possible state in the process according to the invention. Coarser residual waste components can be shredded in an upstream shredding stage. The residual waste components are then mixed with a dry neutralizing agent, for example with quick lime, slaked lime and the like.
Die Restmüllbestandteile können auch zu kartuschenartigen Preßkörpern verpreßt werden. Diese Kartuschen können nach dem Verschließen unter Vakuum gesetzt werden, gegebenenfalls auch unter Zusatz von Ozon. In dieser Form können sie längere Zeit gelagert werden. Durch die Verpressung, Ozon- und/oder Vakuumbehandlung wird die Verrottung unterbrochen. Eine Vakuumbehandlung unterbindet die meisten aeroben Vorgänge, durch eine Ozonbehandlung kann auch der zusätzliche Abbau von Fettsäuren und dergleichen unterbunden werden. In dieser Form sind die Kartuschen also auch über längere Zeit lagerfähig, wodurch eine vorübergehende oder auch längere Zwischendeponierung ermöglicht werden kann.The residual waste components can also be pressed into cartridge-like compacts. After being sealed, these cartridges can be placed under vacuum, if necessary also with the addition of ozone. In this form they can be stored for a long time. The rotting is interrupted by the pressing, ozone and / or vacuum treatment. Vacuum treatment prevents most aerobic processes, and ozone treatment can also prevent the additional breakdown of fatty acids and the like. In this form, the cartridges can also be stored over a long period of time, which allows temporary or even longer interim storage.
Der Müll, der Restmüll bzw. die verpreßten Kartuschen, die auch zerkleinert werden können, werden dann einer ersten Trocknungsstufe zugeführt, die bei Temperaturen von 100 bis 150"C getrocknet werden. Anschließend werden sie in eine Pyrolysestufe überführt, in der sie bei Temperaturen von 200 bis 800°C, bevorzugt von 300 bis 600"C und insbesondere von 300 bis 400"C einer Pyrolyse unterworfen werden.The waste, the residual waste or the compressed cartridges, which can also be shredded, are then fed to a first drying stage, which are dried at temperatures of 100 to 150 ° C. Then they are transferred to a pyrolysis stage, in which they are processed at temperatures of 200 to 800 ° C, preferably from 300 to 600 "C and in particular from 300 to 400" C are subjected to pyrolysis.
Die Pyrolyse kann auch mit der vorgeschalteten Trocknungsstufe im gleichen Reaktionsgefäß durch schrittweise TemperaturSteigerung, gegebenenfalls auch in unterschiedlichen Reaktionszonen, durchgeführt werden.The pyrolysis can also be carried out with the upstream drying stage in the same reaction vessel by gradually increasing the temperature, if appropriate also in different reaction zones.
Das bei der Pyrolyse erhaltene entgaste Material wird dann in einer Kühlstufe abgekühlt, wobei die in der KühlstufeThe degassed material obtained in the pyrolysis is then cooled in a cooling stage, the one in the cooling stage
ERSÄΓZBLÄΓΓ (REGEL 26) abgeführte Wärmemenge in die Trocknungs- bzw. Pyrolysestufe zurückgeführt werden kann.ERSÄΓZBLÄΓΓ (RULE 26) removed heat can be returned to the drying or pyrolysis stage.
Aus dem bei der Pyrolyse enthaltenen trockenen Material können die Metalle abgeschieden werden. Dies kann bei Eisenmetallen beispielsweise in bekannter Weise mit einem Magneten geschehen. Weiterhin kann das Material einem kombinierten Walzquetschverfahren unterzogen werden, bei dem zusätzlich zu der quetschenden Beanspruchung des Materials scherende und reibende Beanspruchungen auftreten. Dabei werden die anorganischen Materialien zerkleinert, während metallische Bestandteile durch die Walzquetschbehandlung in ihrem lichten Querschnitt vergrößert werden. Dadurch ergeben sich unterschiedliche Korngrößen, so daß die Metalle von den anorganischen Bestandteilen abgesiebt werden können. Die kombinierte Walzquetschbehandlung kann in bekannten Vorrichtungen durchgeführt werden, beispielsweise in Doppelwalzen bzw. Kollergängen oder Walzenanordnungen mit Zwangsführungen und dergleichen.The metals can be separated from the dry material contained in the pyrolysis. In the case of ferrous metals, this can be done, for example, in a known manner using a magnet. Furthermore, the material can be subjected to a combined roller crushing process, in which shear and rubbing stresses occur in addition to the crushing stress on the material. In the process, the inorganic materials are crushed, while the clear cross-section of metallic components is enlarged by the roll crushing treatment. This results in different grain sizes so that the metals can be screened off from the inorganic constituents. The combined roller crushing treatment can be carried out in known devices, for example in double rollers or pan millers or roller arrangements with positive guides and the like.
Das vom Metall befreite anorganische und kohlenstoffhaltige Material kann gelagert oder beispielsweise als Brennstoff verwertet werden.The inorganic and carbon-containing material freed from the metal can be stored or used, for example, as fuel.
Die bei der Pyrolyse entstehenden Gasgemische können beispielsweise über einen Staubfilter geführt werden. Sie werden anschließend in einer katalytischen Nachverbrennungsstufe bei Temperaturen von 200 bis 400°C, bevorzugt 300 bis 400"C, katalytisch verbrannt. Als Katalysatoren eignen sich die üblichen bei der katalytischen Nachverbrennung eingesetzten Katalysatoren.The gas mixtures resulting from the pyrolysis can, for example, be passed through a dust filter. They are then catalytically burned in a catalytic post-combustion stage at temperatures of 200 to 400 ° C., preferably 300 to 400 ° C. The catalysts which are customary in the catalytic post-combustion are suitable.
Die in der katalytischen Nachverbrennung freiwerdende Wärme kann verwertet werden, beispielsweise bei der Trocknung in der ersten Stufe des Reaktors oder zur Wärmeerzeugung in einer der Verfahrensstufen, beispielsweise beim Trocknen oder der pyrolytischen Vergasung.The heat released in the catalytic afterburning can be utilized, for example during drying in the first stage of the reactor or for heat generation in one of the process stages, for example during drying or pyrolytic Gasification.
Der katalytischen Nachverbrennung kann eine Waschstufe nachgeschaltet werden, in der wasserlösliche Stoffe ausgewaschen werden. Mit Neutralisationsmitteln können auch Säuren bzw. Basen entfernt werden. Das Gas kann auch über Kondensatoren geführt werden, so daß die Umwelt lediglich mit C02 belastet wird.The catalytic afterburning can be followed by a washing stage in which water-soluble substances are washed out. Acids or bases can also be removed with neutralizing agents. The gas can also be passed through condensers so that the environment is only polluted with CO 2.
Entsprechend den erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren enthält eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens eine Mischvorrichtung, einen der Mischvorrichtung nachgeschalteten Trockner und Pyrolysereaktor sowie einen diesen nachgeschalteten katalytischenIn accordance with the method according to the invention, a device for carrying out the method contains a mixing device, a dryer and pyrolysis reactor downstream of the mixing device and a catalytic downstream of this
Nachverbrennungsreaktor. Die Anlage kann in Normcontainerbauweise erstellt werden und ist dann mobil. Sie kann in Einheiten von 30 bis 10.000 kg/h Durchsatz konstruiert werden und erlaubt die Wiederverwertung aller im Restmüll enthaltenen Stoffe außer C02. Sie ermöglicht eine echte ökonomische und ökologische Alternative zu den herkömmlichen Müllverbrennungsanlagen oder Hochtemperaturreaktoren. Sie hat weder einen Kamin, noch gibt sie Reststoffe ab. Sie ist abwasserfrei. Die Anlage ergibt erstmals die Möglichkeit, Müll dezentral zu entsorgen, eine Mülldeponie wird nicht mehr benötigt.Afterburning reactor. The system can be built in standard container construction and is then mobile. It can be constructed in units with a throughput of 30 to 10,000 kg / h and allows the recycling of all substances contained in the residual waste except C02. It enables a real economical and ecological alternative to conventional waste incineration plants or high-temperature reactors. It does not have a fireplace, nor does it give off residues. It is sewage free. For the first time, the system enables waste to be disposed of decentrally; a landfill is no longer required.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich insbesondere zur Aufarbeitung von Restmüll, aber auch von Restmüll-ähnlichen Stoffen, wie Rückständen aus der Lebensmitteltechnologie, Papiertechnologie oder zur Aufarbeitung von Kadavern oder Kunststoffabfällen.The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for processing residual waste, but also for waste-like materials, such as residues from food technology, paper technology or for processing carcasses or plastic waste.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand des Verfahrensschemas beispielsweise näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the process scheme, for example.
In einer Zerkleinerungsstufe 1 wird der Restmüll zerkleinert und Brennkalk hinzugegeben in einer Menge, daß die sauren Bestandteile neutralisiert werden. AußerdemIn a crushing stage 1, the residual waste is crushed and lime is added in an amount such that the acidic components are neutralized. Moreover
ERSATZBLATT(REGEL26 dient die Kalkzugabe der Granulierung und Trocknung des Restmülls. Der Restmüll wird dann einer Preßstufe 2 zu Kartuschen gepreßt und in einem Vorratsbehälter im Vakuum zwischengelagert. Das Vakuum wird durch eine Vakuumpumpe aufrechterhalten. Eine Dosiereinrichtung für Ozon kann vorgesehen sein.REPLACEMENT SHEET (RULE 26 the addition of lime serves to granulate and dry the residual waste. The residual waste is then pressed into cartridges in a compression stage 2 and temporarily stored in a storage container in a vacuum. The vacuum is maintained by a vacuum pump. A metering device for ozone can be provided.
In einem nachgeschalteten ersten Reaktor 3 wird das mit Kalk versetzte Restmüllgut bei einer Temperatur von ca. 130°C getrocknet. Aus der Trocknungsstufe gelangt das getrocknete Gut in einen zweiten Reaktor 4, in dem es bei Temperaturen zwischen 300 und 400"C pyrolisiert wird, so daß von den organischen Bestandteilen lediglich Kohlenstoff als feste Phase zurückbleibt. Die in der Trocknungsstufe 3 und Pyrolysestufe 4 anfallenden staubhaltigen Gase werden gemeinsam mit dem in der anschließenden Kühlstufe 5 anfallenden Gas einem Staubfilter 10 zugeleitet. Die entstaubten Gase werden in einer katalytischen Nachverbrennung bei 300 bis 400°C unter Zuhilfenahme eines geeignetes Katalysators verbrannt, die entstehenden Verbrennungsgase werden durch einen Kondensator 12 ins Freie geleitet.In a downstream first reactor 3, the residual waste mixed with lime is dried at a temperature of approx. 130 ° C. From the drying stage, the dried material arrives in a second reactor 4, in which it is pyrolyzed at temperatures between 300 and 400 ° C., so that only carbon remains from the organic constituents as a solid phase. The dust-containing particles obtained in drying stage 3 and pyrolysis stage 4 Gases are fed to a dust filter 10 together with the gas obtained in the subsequent cooling stage 5. The dedusted gases are burned in a catalytic post-combustion at 300 to 400 ° C. with the aid of a suitable catalyst, the resulting combustion gases are passed outside through a condenser 12.
Das aus der Kühlstufe 5 austretende feste Gut wird mit einem Magneten 6 behandelt, um Eisenmetall abzuscheiden. Anschließend wird es mit einer Doppelwalze 7 einer kombinierten Walzquetschbehandlung unterzogen, bei welcher zusätzlich zur quetschenden Wirkung der Walzen scherende und reibende Einflüsse auf das feste Gut einwirken. Dadurch werden Kohlenstoff und anorganische Materialien zerkleinert, während die Nichteisenmetalle unter Vergrößerung ihres lichten Querschnitts gewalzt werden. Auf diese Weise können die Nichteisenmetalle mit größeren Korngrößen in einer Siebungsstufe 8 vom festen Material getrennt werden. Das zurückbleibende Feεtstoffmaterial, das aus anorganischen Materialien und Kohlenstoff besteht, kann in einem Silo 9 zwischengelagert und anschließend seiner Verwendung zugeführt werden. The solid material emerging from the cooling stage 5 is treated with a magnet 6 in order to separate ferrous metal. Then it is subjected to a combined roller crushing treatment with a double roller 7, in which, in addition to the squeezing effect of the rollers, shear and rubbing influences act on the solid material. This crushes carbon and inorganic materials, while the non-ferrous metals are rolled while increasing their clear cross-section. In this way, the non-ferrous metals with larger grain sizes can be separated from the solid material in a sieving stage 8. The remaining solid material, which consists of inorganic materials and carbon, can be stored in a silo 9 and then used.

Claims

A N S P R U C H E EXPECTATIONS
1. Verfahren zum Aufarbeiten von Restmüll oder Restmüll-ähnlichen Stoffen, insbesondere feinteiligem Restmüll,1. Process for processing residual waste or substances similar to residual waste, in particular fine residual waste,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t,characterized,
daß die Restmüllbestandteile mit einem trockenen Neutralisationsmittel, wie Brennkalk gemischt werden,that the residual waste components are mixed with a dry neutralizing agent, such as quick lime,
bei Temperaturen von 100° bis 150"C getrocknet werden,dried at temperatures from 100 ° to 150 "C,
bei Temperaturen von 200 bis 800"C eine Pyrolyse unterworfen werden, undbe subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures from 200 to 800 ° C., and
die bei der Pyrolyse erhaltenen Gase einer katalytischen Nachverbrennung bei Temperaturen von 200 bis 400"C unterworfen werden.the gases obtained in the pyrolysis are subjected to catalytic afterburning at temperatures of 200 to 400 ° C.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Pyrolysetemperatur 300 bis 600"C beträgt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pyrolysis temperature is 300 to 600 "C.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Temperatur der katalytischen Nachverbrennung 250 bis 400°C beträgt.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the catalytic post-combustion is 250 to 400 ° C.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der katalytischen Nachverbrennung eine Waschstufe mit Generator vorgeschaltet wird. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the catalytic afterburning is preceded by a washing stage with a generator.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der katalytischen Nachverbrennung eine Waschstufe nachgeschaltet wird.5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the catalytic afterburning is followed by a washing stage.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Restmüllbestandteile mit Brennkalk zu Kartuschen verpreßt werden.6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the residual waste components are pressed with lime to cartridges.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Pyrolyserückstände einer Walzquetschbehandlung unterzogen werden.7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pyrolysis residues are subjected to a roll crushing treatment.
8. Verwendung des Verfahrens nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3 zur Aufarbeitung von Rückständen aus der Lebensmitteltechnologie, Papiertechnologie oder zur Aufarbeitung von Kadavern oder Kunststoffabfallen.8. Use of the method according to claims 1 to 3 for working up residues from food technology, paper technology or for working up carcasses or plastic waste.
9. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es eine Mischvorrichtung, einen nachgeschalteten Trockner und Pyrolysereaktor und einen katalytischen Nachverbrennungsreaktor enthält. 9. Device for performing the method according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it contains a mixing device, a downstream dryer and pyrolysis reactor and a catalytic afterburning reactor.
EP95900748A 1993-11-16 1994-11-16 Method of reprocessing residual waste Withdrawn EP0679240A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4339157 1993-11-16
DE19934339157 DE4339157A1 (en) 1993-11-16 1993-11-16 Process for processing residual waste
PCT/EP1994/003798 WO1995014193A1 (en) 1993-11-16 1994-11-16 Method of reprocessing residual waste

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PL1709364T3 (en) 2004-01-08 2011-04-29 Wysocki Michal System for treating organic materials to reduce them to inorganic components and methods for treating organic materials to reduce them to inorganic components
GB0604907D0 (en) 2006-03-10 2006-04-19 Morgan Everett Ltd Pyrolysis apparatus and method
GB0823362D0 (en) * 2008-12-22 2009-01-28 Morgan Everett Ltd Processing of off-gas from waste treatment

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DE1526089A1 (en) * 1965-10-18 1970-02-12 Matteini Dr Ing Silvano Process and plant for processing urban waste
DE2432504B2 (en) * 1974-07-04 1976-12-16 Kiener, Karl, Dipl.-Ing., 7080 Goldshöfe PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING COMBUSTION GASES FROM COMPONENT DOMESTIC AND INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURING ETC.
DE2651302C3 (en) * 1976-05-12 1981-07-09 PLS Gesellschaft für Pyrolyse-Müllverwertungsverfahren mbH, 8000 München Device for generating distillation gas from waste
DE2925620A1 (en) * 1979-06-25 1981-01-15 Babcock Krauss Maffei Ind Pyrolysis of waste contg. halogenated polymers - in presence of basic material to absorb hydrogen halide(s)
DE3644673A1 (en) * 1986-12-30 1988-07-14 Deutsche Kommunal Anlagen Process for thermal treatment of compacted organic wastes with immobilisation of the acid-forming substances
DE3823575A1 (en) * 1988-07-12 1990-01-18 Rothemuehle Brandt Kritzler METHOD FOR REDUCING NITROGEN OXIDES (NO (DOWN ARROW) X (DOWN ARROW)) FROM FIRE EXHAUST GASES
NL8902749A (en) * 1989-11-07 1991-06-03 Leonardus Mathijs Marie Nevels METHOD FOR COMBUSTION OF VARIOUS WASTE MATERIAL, INCLUDING OVEN, AND UNIVERSAL WASTE COMBUSTION SYSTEM WITH NUMBER OF SUCH OVENS.

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See references of WO9514193A1 *

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WO1995014193A8 (en) 2001-04-12
WO1995014193A1 (en) 1995-05-26

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