EP0678637B1 - Method and arrangement for shuttering floors - Google Patents

Method and arrangement for shuttering floors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0678637B1
EP0678637B1 EP95105528A EP95105528A EP0678637B1 EP 0678637 B1 EP0678637 B1 EP 0678637B1 EP 95105528 A EP95105528 A EP 95105528A EP 95105528 A EP95105528 A EP 95105528A EP 0678637 B1 EP0678637 B1 EP 0678637B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
longitudinal
supports
carriers
transverse
ceiling
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP95105528A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0678637A1 (en
Inventor
Ernst Röck
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Doka Industrie GmbH
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Doka Industrie GmbH
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Publication of EP0678637A1 publication Critical patent/EP0678637A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
    • E04G11/50—Girders, beams, or the like as supporting members for forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G25/00—Shores or struts; Chocks
    • E04G2025/003—Supports therefor, e.g. tripods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for shuttering Ceilings with a number of supports at intervals be set up to each other, each with a number of parts to be aligned in line with each other on the then each side member and placed on this cross member be, so that the cross member at least two Support the side members, and finally formwork panels the cross beams are applied.
  • a slab formwork system with a number of supports, Longitudinal and cross beams and formwork panels.
  • Such a thing Procedures and a corresponding slab formwork system are for example from the prospectus of the applicant "Dokaflex", 1992 edition known.
  • a method of making ceilings from concrete is the type mentioned for a long time.
  • Columns in previously determined using calculation tables Set-up points set up (see e.g. page 20 ff. of the named prospectus).
  • the distances also from calculation tables can be seen so that they are essentially parallel lie to each other.
  • the side members are in turn essentially perpendicular to this in turn in Calculation tables set the distances between the cross beams laid parallel to each other.
  • Crossbeam formwork panels placed so that their larger Side length perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cross member for come to lie.
  • the technical problem underlying the invention exists in creating a process for shuttering ceilings, regardless of the thickness of the concrete to be concreted - up to a maximum ceiling thickness - exceeding the maximum distances between the individual elements is avoided or even excluded. Furthermore there is a technical basis of the invention Problem in it, a suitable for performing the method To create slab formwork system.
  • the technical problem underlying the invention becomes solved in that the supports, longitudinal and cross members in such a way be set up that the respective distances of the cross and Side members and supports to each other for everyone concrete slab thicknesses up to a predetermined Ceiling thickness based on optical and / or mechanical attached, fixed installation aids on the longitudinal and Cross beams and / or supports and / or formwork panels and if necessary, the supports are observed.
  • a slab formwork system with supports, Formwork panels, cross members and side members for carrying out the Procedure provided, each at equal intervals lying optically and / or mechanically effective, firm have attached installation aids.
  • the invention is based on the idea of shuttering Simplify ceilings so that no complicated Calculation tables for determining the distances between the individual Elements to each other are more necessary.
  • the maximum load capacity of the elements is specified - that Setting up the individual elements are standardized, by the optically and / or mechanically acting, firm attached installation aids on the longitudinal and cross members and / or formwork panels the distances to be observed are clearly specified. This will help when setting up the Slab formwork exceeding the maximum distances, causing a latent risk of collapse, strong reduced or prevented.
  • the Ceiling formwork system according to the invention possible for the first time in the prescribed distances easy to control.
  • the erection of the formwork elements and their mutual Assignment simplified very advantageously because through the clear identification for the support of the elements incorrect distances with the highest probability is excluded. So they can e.g. at a distance be equal from 1 m. That is, e.g. from the front of a cross or longitudinal beam every 0.5m one Installation aid lines is attached, which alternately one have a different color, shape or the like.
  • Supports 1 that have a fold-out foot have, are set up at intervals from each other. Here form a certain number of supports 1 each Support for side members 6, the holding heads 12 of each Supports 1 are placed. On these side members 6 are Cross member 3 placed perpendicular to it. The cross member 3 are essentially parallel to each other perpendicular to the side members 6, on the side members 6. In the state shown in Fig. 1 are partial Formwork panels 4 placed on the cross beams 3 so that the longer side of the formwork panels 4 perpendicular to the Longitudinal axis of the cross member 3 is.
  • intermediate supports 2 which also support the longitudinal beam 6.
  • the longitudinal members 6 instruct in this embodiment colored mounting aids on the underside of the straps this representation are not apparent.
  • the supports 1 and 2 are each on the by the colored installation aids marked positions.
  • the cross members 3 have optically effective, colored placement aids 31 at predetermined positions.
  • the installation aids 31 on the cross beams 3 can e.g. from be attached at the front sides at 0.5 m intervals, where different optically acting set-up aids 31 alternate.
  • the side members 6 are then in predetermined Arrange positions on the set-up aids 31. Just like this embodiment, in which a side member 6 on the first installation aid 31 of the cross member 3 parallel to one Wall 5 is to be arranged on which the cross member 3 with their End faces. The parallel to this next to the wall 5 arranged longitudinal beam 6 is then at a distance of to arrange four installation aids 31.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of an erected Slab formwork according to the invention, in particular contrasting set-up aids 63 on the side members 6 are visible from one another at regular intervals.
  • On the longitudinal beams 6 are arranged parallel to each other Cross member 3, on which in turn formwork panels 4th are arranged. Above this is the already concreted ceiling 7 evident.
  • the side members 6 are on the by colored or optically effective installation aids 63 through Supports 1 and 2 supported.
  • cross members 3 and longitudinal members 6 are identical, they are optically acting set-up aids 31, 63 in regular Distances attached to the cross member 3 or longitudinal member 6.
  • the distance is Supports 1, 2 on the side member 6 two sub-units, i.e. on Every second installation aid 63 is the side member 6 through to support a prop 1 or 2.
  • the distance of the The longitudinal beam 6 from each other is this Embodiment four subunits, which means that with regard to the installation aids 31 on the cross members 3 Side members 6 on every fourth set-up aid 31 Cross member 3 are arranged to each other.
  • the beam spacing the cross member 3 is in this embodiment in about 0.5 m, which means that on a formwork panel 4 Installation aids on the underside of the formwork panels are attached, as will be explained in FIG. 3.
  • the Support arm i.e. the distance of the support on a longitudinal 6 and cross member 3 is at most the distance one Installation aid 31 or 63.
  • FIG. 3 shows the underside of a formwork panel 4 with optically arranged parallel to each other at intervals acting set-up aids 41, which are in a clear manner serve to position the cross member 3.
  • the installation aids 41 can in turn optically acting and mechanically applied markings, even with harder Construction company and in the event of contamination by applied concrete are very stable.
  • FIG. 4 is again the side view of a Cross member 3 with on it at regular intervals attached installation aids 31 shown.
  • the installation aids 31 run in one Part of the outer wall of the cross member 3 all around. However, it is also possible to do this only on the bottom of the Attach the straps of the cross member 3.
  • the one shown in Fig. 4 However, the representation also meets a longitudinal beam 6 to.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross section through a cross member 3 and an underlying longitudinal beam 6 according to one shown another embodiment of the invention.
  • the Cross member 3 has one on its lower belt side conical recess 32 in which a corresponding shaped conical elevation 62 of the longitudinal beam 6 is fit.
  • This mechanically acting, essentially positive Recesses 61 and elevations 62 are in the same Distances to attach as in the embodiments 1 to 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross section through a longitudinal beam 6 and an underlying partially broken out support 1 shown.
  • the side members 6 with a conical depression 61 provided, in which a conical elevation 11 of the support 1 intervenes.
  • the tapered recesses 61 on the side member 6 on the underside of a belt of the Longitudinal member 6 molded, the same distances as already described in the previous exemplary embodiments are to be observed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The ceiling shuttering system has a number of supports (1, 2), longitudinal (6) and cross bearers (3) and shuttering plates (4). On at least the lower side in the installation position of the longitudinal and cross bearers and/or the shuttering plates and/or the supports fixed positioning aids acting at regular distances optically and/or mechanically are fitted. The positioning aids are coloured markings. On the lower side in the installation position of the longitudinal and cross bearers and/or the shuttering plates raised formations or cavities are formed at regular distances. Such formations or cavities are conical. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Einschalen von Decken, bei dem eine Anzahl von Stützen in Abständen zueinander aufgestellt werden, wobei jeweils eine Teilanzahl in einer Linie fluchtend miteinander anzuordnen ist, auf die dann jeweils Längsträger und auf diese Querträger aufgelegt werden, so daß die Querträger jeweils zumindest auf zwei Längsträgern aufliegen, und schließlich Schalungsplatten auf die Querträger aufgebracht werden. Des weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Deckenschalungssystem mit einer Anzahl Stützen, Längs- und Querträgern und Schalungsplatten. Ein derartiges Verfahren und ein entsprechendes Deckenschalungssystem sind beispielsweise aus dem Prospekt der Anmelderin "Dokaflex", Ausgabe 1992 bekannt.The invention relates to a method for shuttering Ceilings with a number of supports at intervals be set up to each other, each with a number of parts to be aligned in line with each other on the then each side member and placed on this cross member be, so that the cross member at least two Support the side members, and finally formwork panels the cross beams are applied. Furthermore concerns the Invention a slab formwork system with a number of supports, Longitudinal and cross beams and formwork panels. Such a thing Procedures and a corresponding slab formwork system are for example from the prospectus of the applicant "Dokaflex", 1992 edition known.

Zur Herstellung von Decken aus Beton ist ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art seit langem bekannt. Hierbei werden Stützen in zuvor anhand von Berechnungstabellen bestimmten Aufstellpunkten aufgestellt (vgl. beispielsweise Seite 20 ff. des genannten Prospekts). Darauf werden Längsträger aufgelegt, deren Abstände ebenfalls aus Berechnungstabellen zu entnehmen sind, so daß diese im wesentlichen parallel zueinander liegen. Auf die Längsträger werden wiederum im wesentlichen senkrecht hierzu in wiederum in Berechnungstabellen festgelegten Abständen Querträger parallel zueinander gelegt. Schließlich werden auf die Querträger Schalungsplatten so aufgelegt, daß deren größere Seitenlänge senkrecht zu der Längsrichtung der Querträger zum liegen kommen. A method of making ceilings from concrete is the type mentioned for a long time. Here are Columns in previously determined using calculation tables Set-up points set up (see e.g. page 20 ff. of the named prospectus). On it become side members laid down, the distances also from calculation tables can be seen so that they are essentially parallel lie to each other. On the side members are in turn essentially perpendicular to this in turn in Calculation tables set the distances between the cross beams laid parallel to each other. Finally, on the Crossbeam formwork panels placed so that their larger Side length perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cross member for come to lie.

Es besteht jedoch bei diesem bekannten Verfahren das Problem, daß die Aufstellpunkte der Stützen, die Abstände der Längssowie der Querträger zueinander mittels den relativ komplizierten Berechnungstabellen in Abhängigkeit von der zu betonierenden Deckenstärke und der verwendeten einzelnen Deckenschalungselemente bestimmt werden müssen. Unter Deckenschalungselementen werden hier die Stützen, Längs- und Querträger sowie die Schalungsplatten verstanden.However, the problem with this known method is that that the erection points of the supports, the distances of the longitudinal as well as the cross member to each other by means of the relative complicated calculation tables depending on the concrete slab thickness and the individual used Slab formwork elements must be determined. Under Slab formwork elements are the columns, longitudinal and Cross beams and the formwork panels understood.

Da auf den Baustellen oftmals nicht die erforderliche Sorgfaltspflicht beim Ablesen der Berechnungstabellen eingehalten wird bzw. die Arbeiter nicht die hierfür erforderliche Qualifikation aufweisen, besteht die Gefahr, daß möglicherweise die einzuhaltenden Maximalabstände überschritten werden, was eine ungenügende Abstützung beim Betonieren der Decke mit möglicher Einsturzgefahr zur Folge haben kann. Des weiteren muß auf der Baustelle gemäß den Berechnungstabellen die Art der Stütze, der Quer- und Längsträger sowie der Schalungsplatten berücksichtigt werden, was zu einer Anzahl von Berechnungstabellen und einer weiteren Verkomplizierung der Bestimmung bzw. Festlegung der Abstände der einzelnen Elemente zueinander führt.Because often not the necessary on the construction sites Due diligence when reading the calculation tables is respected or the workers do not have the required have the necessary qualifications, there is a risk that possibly the maximum distances to be observed be exceeded, which is insufficient support when Concreting the ceiling with possible risk of collapse may have. Furthermore, according to the Calculation tables the type of column, cross and Longitudinal beams and formwork panels are taken into account, resulting in a number of calculation tables and one further complicating the determination or determination of the Distances of the individual elements leads to each other.

Dies gilt ebenso für die Deckenschalungssysteme, die aus den Prospekten "PERI MULTIFLEX", Ausgabe 9.1, Juli 1992 und "HÜNNEFLEX Deckenschalung", Stand September 1985 bekannt sind. Auch im Fall dieser Systeme sind jeweils Bemessungstabellen vorgesehen,welche die erforderlichen Abstände vorgeben, wobei diese im Baubetrieb nur mit erheblichem Aufwand einzuhalten und zu kontrollieren sind.This also applies to the slab formwork systems that come from the Brochures "PERI MULTIFLEX", edition 9.1, July 1992 and "HÜNNEFLEX slab formwork", as of September 1985 known are. Also in the case of these systems are each Dimensioning tables provided which the required Specify distances, these only with in construction considerable effort must be adhered to and controlled.

Das der Erfindung zugrundeliegende technische Problem besteht darin, ein Verfahren zum Einschalen von Decken zu schaffen, bei dem unabhängig von der zu betonierenden Deckenstärke - bis zu einer maximalen Deckenstärke - ein Überschreiten der maximalen Abstände der einzelnen Elemente zueinander vermieden oder sogar ausgeschlossen wird. Des weiteren besteht ein der Erfindung zugrundeliegendes technisches Problem darin, ein zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignetes Deckenschalungssystem zu schaffen.The technical problem underlying the invention exists in creating a process for shuttering ceilings, regardless of the thickness of the concrete to be concreted - up to a maximum ceiling thickness - exceeding the maximum distances between the individual elements is avoided or even excluded. Furthermore there is a technical basis of the invention Problem in it, a suitable for performing the method To create slab formwork system.

Das der Erfindung zugrundeliegende technische Problem wird dadurch gelöst, daß die Stützen, Längs- und Querträger derart aufgestellt werden, daß die jeweiligen Abstände der Quer- und Längsträger sowie der Stützen zueinander für alle zu betonierenden Deckenstärken bis zu einer vorgegebenen Deckenstärke anhand von optisch wirkenden und/oder mechanisch angebrachten, festen Aufstellhilfen an den Längs- und Querträgern und/oder Stützen und/oder Schalungsplatten und gegebenenfalls den Stützen eingehalten werden.The technical problem underlying the invention becomes solved in that the supports, longitudinal and cross members in such a way be set up that the respective distances of the cross and Side members and supports to each other for everyone concrete slab thicknesses up to a predetermined Ceiling thickness based on optical and / or mechanical attached, fixed installation aids on the longitudinal and Cross beams and / or supports and / or formwork panels and if necessary, the supports are observed.

Des weiteren wird ein Deckenschalungssystem mit Stützen, Schalungsplatten, Quer- und Längsträger zur Durchführung des Verfahrens bereitgestellt, die jeweils in gleichen Abständen liegende optisch und/oder mechanisch wirksame, fest angebrachte Aufstellhilfen aufweisen.Furthermore, a slab formwork system with supports, Formwork panels, cross members and side members for carrying out the Procedure provided, each at equal intervals lying optically and / or mechanically effective, firm have attached installation aids.

Der Erfindung liegt der Gedanke zugrunde, das Einschalen von Decken derart zu vereinfachen, daß keine komplizierten Berechungstabellen zum Bestimmen der Abstände der einzelnen Elemente zueinander mehr notwendig sind. Erfindungsgemäß kann erstmals nun unabhängig von der zu betonierenden Deckenstärke - bis natürlich zu einer maximalen Deckenstärke, die durch die maximale Tragkraft der Elemente vorgegeben ist - das Aufstellen der einzelnen Elemente standardisiert werden, indem durch die optisch und/oder mechanisch wirkenden, fest angebrachten Aufstellhilfen an den Längs-, Querträgern und/oder Schalungsplatten die einzuhaltenden Abstände eindeutig vorgegeben sind. Dadurch wird beim Aufstellen der Deckenschalung ein Überschreiten der maximalen Abstände, wodurch eine latente Einsturzgefahr hervorgerufen wird, stark verringert bzw. verhindert. Des weiteren ist es bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Deckenschalungssystem erstmals möglich, in aufgestelltem Zustand die vorgeschriebenen Abstände problemlos zu kontrollieren. Denn anhand der Aufstellhilfen kann ein nicht korrekt plaziertes Element sofort ohne weitere Hilfsmittel erkannt werden. Beim Stand der Technik hingegen mußten sich probenhaft - was wiederum eine gewisse Unsicherheit bedingt - mit einem Metermaß die einzelnen Abstände kontrolliert werden. Dies kann nun durch einen einfachen Kontrollblick ersetzt werden, was wiederum einen großen Zeitgewinn und eine größere Sicherheit zur Folge hat.The invention is based on the idea of shuttering Simplify ceilings so that no complicated Calculation tables for determining the distances between the individual Elements to each other are more necessary. According to the invention for the first time regardless of the slab thickness to be concreted - up to a maximum ceiling thickness, of course the maximum load capacity of the elements is specified - that Setting up the individual elements are standardized, by the optically and / or mechanically acting, firm attached installation aids on the longitudinal and cross members and / or formwork panels the distances to be observed are clearly specified. This will help when setting up the Slab formwork exceeding the maximum distances, causing a latent risk of collapse, strong reduced or prevented. Furthermore, it is with the Ceiling formwork system according to the invention possible for the first time in the prescribed distances easy to control. Because based on the installation aids can an incorrectly placed element immediately without further Aids are recognized. In contrast, in the prior art had to test each other - which in turn was a certain one Uncertainty causes - with a meter the individual Distances are checked. This can now be done by a simple control gaze can be replaced, which in turn can saves a lot of time and increases security.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bzw. das erfindungsgemäße Deckenschalungssystem wird die Sicherheit der Deckenschalung stark erhöht. Zudem ist es ein großer Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, daß das Aufstellen auch mit einer großen Zeitersparnis einhergeht. Zwar wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bei einer sehr geringen zu betonierenden Deckenstärke der maximal mögliche Abstand der einzelnen Elemente zueinander unterschritten und somit mehr Material verwendetals unbedingt notwendig wäre, jedoch steht dieser zusätzliche Materialaufwand und dessen Kosten in keinem Verhältnis zu der gewonnenen Zeitersparnis beim Aufstellen der Deckenschalung. Denn die zusätzlichen Kosten durch den höheren Materialaufwand sind um ein Vielfaches geringer als die durch den geringeren Zeitaufwand gewonnene Kostenersparnis. Anhand von vielen praktisch nachgerechneten Deckenschalungen ist nachgewiesen, daß sich der Materialaufwand bei Deckenstärken bis zu etwa 30 cm lediglich um im Durchschnitt 5% erhöht.By the inventive method or Ceiling formwork system according to the invention is safety the slab formwork is greatly increased. It's also a big one Advantage of the method according to the invention that the erection also saves a lot of time. Although at the method according to the invention at a very low the maximum possible distance of the concrete slab thickness individual elements fell short of each other and thus more Material used as absolutely necessary, but stands this additional material expenditure and its costs in no relation to the time saved with Setting up the slab formwork. Because the additional costs due to the higher cost of materials are many times over less than the time gained Cost savings. Based on many practically recalculated Slab formwork has been proven that the Material expenditure for ceiling thicknesses up to about 30 cm only increased by an average of 5%.

Durch das erfingungsgemäße Verfahren bzw. Deckenschalungssystem ist also ein beträchtlicher Gewinn an Einfachheit, Schnelligkeit und Sicherheit gegenüber dem bekannten Verfahren erreicht.Through the method according to the invention or Slab formwork system is therefore a considerable gain Simplicity, speed and security compared to that known method achieved.

Vorteilhafterweise werden die jeweiligen Abstände der Quer- und Längsträger sowie der Stützen zueinander entsprechend der maximal zu betonierenden Deckenstärke, die unter Berücksichtigung der Geometrie und Werkstoffdaten der Schalungsplatten, Quer- und Längsträger sowie der Stützen berechnet wird, festgelegt. Denn hierdurch wird bis zu einer maximalen Deckenstärke die volle Tragfähigkeit der einzelnen Schalungssystemelemente gewährleistet. The respective distances of the transverse and Side members and the supports to each other according to the maximum ceiling thickness to be concreted, the under Consideration of the geometry and material data of the Formwork panels, cross members and side members as well as the supports is calculated. Because this makes up to one maximum ceiling thickness the full load-bearing capacity of the individual Formwork system elements guaranteed.

Sehr vorteilhaft ist es, daß das Aufstellen der Schalungselemente anhand von jeweils auf zumindest in Einbaulage unteren Seite der Quer- und Längsträger und/oder der Schalungsplatten angebrachten Aufstellhilfen erfolgt, wodurch für einen Arbeiter die erforderlichen Abstände bereits eindeutig vorbestimmt sind.It is very advantageous that the installation of the Formwork elements based on at least in Installation position lower side of the cross and side members and / or the formwork panels attached to the formwork panels, whereby the necessary distances for a worker are already clearly predetermined.

Sehr einfach und kostengünstig aufzubringen sind farbige, parallel zueinanderliegende Markierungen auf den Schalungselementen. Zudem schwächen derartige Markierungen bzw. Aufstellhilfen die einzelnen Elemente des Systems nicht.Colored, parallel markings on the Formwork elements. Such markings also weaken the individual elements of the system.

Durch erfindungsgemäß abwechselnd farbige Markierungen wird das Aufstellen der Schalungselemente und deren gegenseitige Zuordnung sehr vorteilhaft vereinfacht, da durch die eindeutige Kennzeichnung zur Auflage der Elemente fehlerhafte Abstände mit höchster Wahrscheinlichkeit ausgeschlossen wird. So können diese z.B. in einem Abstand von 1 m gleich sein. Das heißt, daß z.B. von der Stirnseite eines Quer- oder Längsträgers aus alle 0.5m eine Aufstellhilfelinien angebracht ist, die abwechselnd eine andere Farbe, Gestalt oder dergleichen aufweisen.By alternating colored markings according to the invention the erection of the formwork elements and their mutual Assignment simplified very advantageously because through the clear identification for the support of the elements incorrect distances with the highest probability is excluded. So they can e.g. at a distance be equal from 1 m. That is, e.g. from the front of a cross or longitudinal beam every 0.5m one Installation aid lines is attached, which alternately one have a different color, shape or the like.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn an den Stützen, Längs- wie auch an den Querträgern und eventuell auch an den Schalungsplatten in den erforderlichen Abständen mechanische Aufstellhilfen angebracht sind, in die die jeweils aufeinanderliegenden Schalungselemente ineinandergreifen. Hierdurch wird ein Unterschreiten der vorbestimmten Abstände mit höchster Zuverlässigkeit vermieden. So ist es z.B. denkbar, daß die Stützen in ihrem Tragkopf zur Aufnahme eines Längsträgers eine kleine Erhebung aufweisen, die in eine entsprechend angepaßte Vertiefung im Längsträger einpaßbar ist. Dadurch wird ein Aufstellen der Träger in einem unerlaubten Abstand erst gar nicht ermöglicht. Die anderen Schalungselemente weisen dabei ebenso auf Ober- und Unterseite zueinander passende Erhebungen oder Vertiefungen auf. Es besteht zudem die Möglichkeit optisch und mechanisch wirkende Aufstellhilfen an den Schalungselementen zu kombinieren. So ist es z.B. möglich auf den Schalungsplatten optische Aufstellhilfen anzubringen und die restlichen Elemente mit mechanischen auszustatten.It is particularly advantageous if on the supports, lengthways and also on the cross members and possibly also on the Formwork panels mechanical at the required intervals Installation aids are attached, in which each interlocking formwork elements. As a result, the predetermined distances are undershot avoided with the highest reliability. So it is e.g. conceivable that the supports in their support head for receiving a Longitudinal beam have a small elevation that in a suitably adapted recess in the side member is. This will allow the beams to be set up in one unauthorized distance is not possible at all. The others Formwork elements also have top and Matching elevations or depressions on the underside on. There is also the option of optically and mechanically effective installation aids on the formwork elements combine. So it is e.g. possible on the formwork panels attach optical positioning aids and the rest Equip elements with mechanical.

Die Verwendung von Stützen, die in ihrer Höhe verstellbar sind und unabhängig von der eingestellten Höhe immer die gleiche Tragkraft haben, ist bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Deckenschalungssystem sehr vorteilhaft, da hierdurch unabhängig von der Höhe über dem Boden, in der die Decke eingeschalt werden soll, immer die gleichen erfindungsgemäßen Längs- und Querträger sowie Schalungsplatten mit den jeweils darauf angebrachten optisch und/oder mechanisch wirksamen, festen Aufstellhilfen verwendet werden können.The use of supports that are adjustable in height are always the same regardless of the set height have the same load capacity is in the invention Slab formwork system very advantageous because of this regardless of the height above the floor at which the ceiling should be switched on, always the same according to the invention Longitudinal and cross beams as well as formwork panels with each optically and / or mechanically effective, fixed installation aids can be used.

Sehr vorteilhaft sind kegelförmige Vertiefungen bzw. entsprechende Erhebungen an den einzelnen Deckenschalungselementen, da damit automatisch die aufeinanderliegenden Elemente mittig zentriert werden. Conical depressions or corresponding surveys on the individual Slab formwork elements, because it automatically elements lying on top of each other are centered.

Im folgenden sind zur weiteren Erläuterung und zum besseren Verständnis der Erfindung mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher beschrieben und erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine räumliche Darstellung eines Deckenschalungssystems nach der Erfindung mit teilweise aufgelegten Schalungsplatten auf den Querträgern,
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht auf eine aufgestellte Deckenschalung, bei der besonders die Aufstellhilfen an den Längsträgern ersichtlich sind,
Fig. 3
eine Unteransicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Schalungsplatte mit darauf angebrachten Aufstellhilfen,
Fig. 4
einen erfindungsgemäßen Längsträger oder auch Querträger mit erfindungsgemäßen darauf angebrachten Aufstellhilfen,
Fig. 5
einen Querschnitt durch einen Querträger und darunterliegendem Längsträger gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, und
Fig. 6
einen Querschnitt durch einen Längsträger, der auf einer erfindungsgemäßen Stütze aufliegt.
In the following, several exemplary embodiments are described and explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings for further explanation and for a better understanding of the invention. It shows:
Fig. 1
3 shows a spatial representation of a slab formwork system according to the invention with partially placed formwork panels on the cross beams,
Fig. 2
a side view of erected slab formwork, in which the installation aids on the longitudinal members are particularly visible,
Fig. 3
a bottom view of a formwork panel according to the invention with mounting aids mounted thereon,
Fig. 4
a longitudinal beam according to the invention or also cross beam with mounting aids according to the invention mounted thereon,
Fig. 5
a cross section through a cross member and underlying longitudinal beam according to another embodiment of the invention, and
Fig. 6
a cross section through a longitudinal beam, which rests on a support according to the invention.

In der Fig. 1 ist ein Deckenschalungssystem gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung in aufgestelltem Zustand gezeigt. Stützen 1, die einen ausklappbaren Fuß aufweisen, sind in Abständen voneinander aufgestellt. Dabei bilden jeweils eine bestimmte Anzahl der Stützen 1 eine Auflage für Längsträger 6, die in Halteköpfe 12 der einzelnen Stützen 1 aufgelegt sind. Auf diesen Längsträgern 6 sind senkrecht dazu Querträger 3 aufgelegt. Die Querträger 3 liegen dabei jeweils parallel zueinander, im wesentlichen senkrecht zu den Längsträgern 6, auf den Längsträgern 6 auf. Bei dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Zustand sind teilweise Schalungsplatten 4 auf den Querträgern 3 aufgelegt, so daß die längere Seite der Schalungsplatten 4 senkrecht zu der Längsachse der Querträger 3 liegt.1 is a slab formwork system according to a first embodiment of the invention in erected Condition shown. Supports 1 that have a fold-out foot have, are set up at intervals from each other. Here form a certain number of supports 1 each Support for side members 6, the holding heads 12 of each Supports 1 are placed. On these side members 6 are Cross member 3 placed perpendicular to it. The cross member 3 are essentially parallel to each other perpendicular to the side members 6, on the side members 6. In the state shown in Fig. 1 are partial Formwork panels 4 placed on the cross beams 3 so that the longer side of the formwork panels 4 perpendicular to the Longitudinal axis of the cross member 3 is.

Zwischen den Stützen 1 sind jeweils noch Zwischenstützen 2 angeordnet, die ebenso die Längsträger 6 unterstützen.Between the supports 1 there are still intermediate supports 2 arranged, which also support the longitudinal beam 6.

Die Längsträger 6 weisen bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel an der Unterseite der Gurte farbliche Aufstellhilfen auf, die in dieser Darstellung nicht ersichtlich sind. Die Stützen 1 und 2 sind jeweils an den durch die farblichen Aufstellhilfen gekennzeichneten Positionen aufgestellt.The longitudinal members 6 instruct in this embodiment colored mounting aids on the underside of the straps this representation are not apparent. The supports 1 and 2 are each on the by the colored installation aids marked positions.

Die Querträger 3 weisen in Abständen optisch wirksame, farbige Aufstellhilfen 31 an vorbestimmten Positionen auf. Die Aufstellhilfen 31 an den Querträgern 3 können z.B. von den Stirnseiten aus in 0,5 m -Abständen angebracht sein, wobei sich unterschiedlich optisch wirkende Aufstellhilfen 31 abwechseln. Die Längsträger 6 sind dann in vorbestimmten Positionen an den Aufstellhilfen 31 anzuordnen. So wie bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem ein Längsträger 6 an der ersten Aufstellhilfe 31 der Querträger 3 parallel zu einer Wand 5 anzuordnen ist, an der die Querträger 3 mit ihren Stirnseiten anliegen. Der parallel zu diesem nächst der Wand 5 angeordneten Längsträger 6 ist dann in einem Abstand von vier Aufstellhilfen 31 anzuordnen.The cross members 3 have optically effective, colored placement aids 31 at predetermined positions. The installation aids 31 on the cross beams 3 can e.g. from be attached at the front sides at 0.5 m intervals, where different optically acting set-up aids 31 alternate. The side members 6 are then in predetermined Arrange positions on the set-up aids 31. Just like this embodiment, in which a side member 6 on the first installation aid 31 of the cross member 3 parallel to one Wall 5 is to be arranged on which the cross member 3 with their End faces. The parallel to this next to the wall 5 arranged longitudinal beam 6 is then at a distance of to arrange four installation aids 31.

In der Fig. 2 ist eine Seitenansicht auf eine aufgestellte erfindungsgemäße Deckenschalung, bei der insbesondere farblich abgesetzte Aufstellhilfen 63 an den Längsträgern 6 in regelmäßigen Abständen voneinander ersichtlich sind. Auf den Längsträgern 6 liegen parallel zueinander angeordnete Querträger 3 auf, auf denen wiederum Schalungsplatten 4 angeordnet sind. Darüber ist die bereits betonierte Decke 7 ersichtlich. Die Längsträger 6 sind dabei an den durch die farbigen bzw. optisch wirkenden Aufstellhilfen 63 durch Stützen 1 und 2 unterstützt.2 is a side view of an erected Slab formwork according to the invention, in particular contrasting set-up aids 63 on the side members 6 are visible from one another at regular intervals. On the longitudinal beams 6 are arranged parallel to each other Cross member 3, on which in turn formwork panels 4th are arranged. Above this is the already concreted ceiling 7 evident. The side members 6 are on the by colored or optically effective installation aids 63 through Supports 1 and 2 supported.

Bei Baugleichheit der Quer- 3 und Längsträger 6 sind die optisch wirkenden Aufstellhilfen 31, 63 in regelmäßigen Abständen an dem Quer- 3 bzw. Längsträger 6 angebracht.If the cross members 3 and longitudinal members 6 are identical, they are optically acting set-up aids 31, 63 in regular Distances attached to the cross member 3 or longitudinal member 6.

So beträgt bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel der Abstand der Stützen 1, 2 am Längsträger 6 zwei Teileinheiten, d.h. an jeder zweiten Aufstellhilfe 63 ist der Längsträger 6 durch eine Stütze 1 oder 2 zu unterstützen. Der Abstand der Längsträger 6 voneinander beträgt bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel vier Teileinheiten, was bedeutet, daß bezüglich der Aufstellhilfen 31 an den Querträgern 3 die Längsträger 6 an jeder vierten Aufstellhilfe 31 eines Querträgers 3 zueinander angeordnet sind. Der Trägerabstand der Querträger 3 beträgt bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel in etwa 0,5 m, das bedeutet, daß an einer Schalungsplatte 4 Aufstellhilfen auf der Unterseite der Schalungsplatten angebracht sind, wie noch in der Fig. 3 erläutert wird. Der Tragarm, d.h. der Abstand der Unterstützung an einem Längs- 6 und Querträger 3 beträgt maximal den Abstand einer Aufstellhilfe 31 bzw. 63.In this embodiment, the distance is Supports 1, 2 on the side member 6 two sub-units, i.e. on Every second installation aid 63 is the side member 6 through to support a prop 1 or 2. The distance of the The longitudinal beam 6 from each other is this Embodiment four subunits, which means that with regard to the installation aids 31 on the cross members 3 Side members 6 on every fourth set-up aid 31 Cross member 3 are arranged to each other. The beam spacing the cross member 3 is in this embodiment in about 0.5 m, which means that on a formwork panel 4 Installation aids on the underside of the formwork panels are attached, as will be explained in FIG. 3. Of the Support arm, i.e. the distance of the support on a longitudinal 6 and cross member 3 is at most the distance one Installation aid 31 or 63.

Die Fig. 3 zeigt die Unterseite einer Schalungsplatte 4 mit darauf in Abständen zueinander parallel angeordneten, optisch wirkenden Aufstellhilfen 41, die in eindeutiger Art und Weise zum Positionieren der Querträger 3 dienen. Die Aufstellhilfen 41 können wiederum optisch wirkende und mechanisch aufgebrachte Markierungen sein, die auch bei härterem Baubetrieb und bei Verschmutzung durch aufgebrachten Beton sehr beständig sind.3 shows the underside of a formwork panel 4 with optically arranged parallel to each other at intervals acting set-up aids 41, which are in a clear manner serve to position the cross member 3. The installation aids 41 can in turn optically acting and mechanically applied markings, even with harder Construction company and in the event of contamination by applied concrete are very stable.

Dies trifft auch für die Aufstellhilfen 31, 63 an Quer- 3 bzw. Längsträgern 6 zu, die zum Beispiel durch Einbrennen in das Holz der Quer- 3 und Längsträger 6 erzeugt werden können. Es können aber auch z.B. extra angebrachte, gegen mechanische Einwirkung widerstandsfähige Markierungsplatten oder dergleichen die gleiche Funktion erfüllen.This also applies to the set-up aids 31, 63 on the transverse 3 or longitudinal beams 6, for example by baking in the wood of the cross members 3 and 6 longitudinal members can be produced. However, e.g. specially attached, against mechanical Resistant marking plates or the like perform the same function.

In der Fig. 4 ist nochmals die Seitenansicht eines Querträgers 3 mit darauf in regelmäßigen Abständen angebrachten Aufstellhilfen 31 gezeigt. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel laufen die Aufstellhilfen 31 in einem Teilbereich der Außenwandung des Querträgers 3 umlaufend um. Es ist jedoch ebenso möglich, dies nur auf der Unterseite der Gurte des Querträgers 3 anzubringen. Die in Fig. 4 gezeigte Darstellung trifft aber auch ebenso auf einen Längsträger 6 zu.4 is again the side view of a Cross member 3 with on it at regular intervals attached installation aids 31 shown. With this In one embodiment, the installation aids 31 run in one Part of the outer wall of the cross member 3 all around. However, it is also possible to do this only on the bottom of the Attach the straps of the cross member 3. The one shown in Fig. 4 However, the representation also meets a longitudinal beam 6 to.

In der Fig. 5 ist ein Querschnitt durch einen Querträger 3 und einen darunterliegenden Längsträger 6 gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung gezeigt. Der Querträger 3 weist an seiner unteren Gurtseite eine kegelförmige Vertiefung 32 auf, in die eine entsprechend geformte kegelförmige Erhebung 62 des Längsträgers 6 einpaßbar ist. Somit sind beim Aufstellen der Deckenschalung die Auflagerpositionen der Längsträger 6 und der der Querträger 3 einwandfrei und unzweifelhaft festgelegt. Diese mechanisch wirkenden, im wesentlichen formschlüssigen Vertiefungen 61 bzw. Erhebungen 62 sind in den gleichen Abständen anzubringen wie bei den Ausführungsbeispielen nach Fig. 1 bis 4. 5 is a cross section through a cross member 3 and an underlying longitudinal beam 6 according to one shown another embodiment of the invention. Of the Cross member 3 has one on its lower belt side conical recess 32 in which a corresponding shaped conical elevation 62 of the longitudinal beam 6 is fit. Thus, when setting up the slab formwork the bearing positions of the side members 6 and the Cross member 3 set flawlessly and undoubtedly. This mechanically acting, essentially positive Recesses 61 and elevations 62 are in the same Distances to attach as in the embodiments 1 to 4.

In der Fig. 6 ist ein Querschnitt durch einen Längsträger 6 und einer darunterliegenden teilweise ausgebrochenen Stütze 1 gezeigt. Wie aus dieser Darstellung ersichtlich, sind wiederum die Längsträger 6 mit einer kegelförmigen Vertiefung 61 versehen, in die eine kegelförmige Erhebung 11 der Stütze 1 eingreift. Wiederum sind die kegelförmigen Vertiefungen 61 am Längsträger 6 an der Unterseite eines Gurtes des Längsträgers 6 eingeformt, wobei die gleichen Abstände wie bereits im vorigen Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben einzuhalten sind.6 is a cross section through a longitudinal beam 6 and an underlying partially broken out support 1 shown. As can be seen from this illustration again the side members 6 with a conical depression 61 provided, in which a conical elevation 11 of the support 1 intervenes. Again, the tapered recesses 61 on the side member 6 on the underside of a belt of the Longitudinal member 6 molded, the same distances as already described in the previous exemplary embodiments are to be observed.

Ist das gesamte Deckenschalungssystem aufgestellt, so kann der Polier mit einem einfachen Kontrollblick die korrekten Abstände der einzelnen Elemente wie Stützen 1, 2, Längs- 6 und Querträger 3 zueinander kontrollieren, da die jeweils zugehörigen optischen Aufstellhilfen 31, 41, 63 bei korrekter Stellung entweder durch die Schalungselemente 1, 2, 3, 6 im wesentlichen verdeckt werden - sind diese auf der Unterseite der Elemente 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 angebracht - oder im wesentlichen im Bereich dieser Aufstellhilfen 31, 41, 63 die zugehörigen Decken-Schalungselemente 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 liegen müssen. Dies trifft ebenso für die mechanisch wirkenden Aufstellhilfen 11, 32, 61, 42 zu, die bei nicht korrekter Stellung offensichtlich nicht korrekt aufliegen bzw. eindeutig falsch angeordnet sind.Once the entire slab formwork system has been set up, you can the polisher with a simple control look the correct ones Distances of the individual elements such as columns 1, 2, longitudinal 6 and crossmember 3 to each other, since each associated optical set-up aids 31, 41, 63 when correct Position either through the formwork elements 1, 2, 3, 6 in are essentially covered - these are on the bottom of elements 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 attached - or essentially in the area of these set-up aids 31, 41, 63 the associated Ceiling formwork elements 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 must lie. This also applies to the mechanically acting installation aids 11, 32, 61, 42 too, if the position is incorrect obviously not lying correctly or clearly wrong are arranged.

Claims (10)

  1. Method of encasing ceilings, in which a number of supports (1,2) are erected at spacings apart, a respective partial number to be disposed in a flush line, upon which then respective longitudinal carriers (6) and, upon these latter, transverse carriers (3) are laid, so that the transverse carriers (3) each lie on at least two longitudinal carriers (6), and finally casing panels (4) are applied to the transverse carriers (3),
    characterised in that
    the supports (1,2), longitudinal (6) and transverse carriers (3) are erected such that the respective spacings between the transverse (3) and longitudinal carriers (6) and the supports (1,2) are maintained for all ceiling thicknesses to be concreted, up to a predetermined ceiling thickness, with reference to optically (31,63) and/or mechanically acting (32,61,62) fixed auxiliary mounting means on the longitudinal (6) and transverse carriers (3) and/or casing panels (4), and if necessary the supports (1,2).
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the respective spacings between the transverse (3) and longitudinal carriers (6) and the supports (1,2) are calculated in accordance with the maximum ceiling thickness to be concreted, taking into account the data relating to geometry and materials of the casing panels (1,2), transverse (3) and longitudinal carriers (6) and of the supports (1,2), and the auxiliary mounting means (31,41,32,62,11,61) are correspondingly attached to the respective casing elements.
  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that during erection of the casing the individual spacings between the transverse (3) and longitudinal carriers (6) and the supports (1,2) are set with reference to the auxiliary mounting means (31,41,32,62,61,11), which are attached at least on the underside of the casing elements.
  4. Ceiling encasing system with:
    a number of supports(1,2) which may be erected at spacings from one another, flush in line with a partial number,
    longitudinal carriers (6), which may be laid on to the supports,
    transverse carriers (3) which may be laid on to the longitudinal carriers (6),
    casing panels (4), which may be applied to the transverse carriers (3),
    characterised in that
    optically and/or mechanically acting fixed auxiliary mounting means are attached at regular intervals to the longitudinal (6) and transverse carriers (3) and/or to the casing panels (4) and if necessary to the supports (1,2).
  5. Ceiling encasing system according to claim 4,
    characterised in that
    the auxiliary mounting means are each attached at least to the side which in the built-in position is the underside.
  6. Ceiling encasing system according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the auxiliary mounting means are markings in contrasting colours.
  7. Ceiling encasing system according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the auxiliary mounting means are substantially marking lines (31,41,63) which do not weaken the casing elements (1,2,3,4,6), and which are alternately identical.
  8. Ceiling encasing system according to claim 4, characterised in that there are moulded or attached at regular spacings to each of the sides which in the built-in position are the undersides, of the longitudinal (6) and transverse carriers (3) and/or of the casing panels (4), raised or recessed portions which interengage in a substantially form-locking manner with corresponding raised or recessed portions moulded or attached on the upper side of the supports (1,2), of the longitudinal (6) and of the transverse carriers (3).
  9. Ceiling encasing system according to claim 8, characterised in that the raised or recessed portions are conical.
  10. Ceiling encasing system according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterised in that the supports (1,2) are adjustable in height, and always have the same load-bearing capacity, irrespective of the height set.
EP95105528A 1994-04-21 1995-04-12 Method and arrangement for shuttering floors Expired - Lifetime EP0678637B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4413931A DE4413931C1 (en) 1994-04-21 1994-04-21 Ceiling formwork system for formwork ceilings
DE4413931 1994-04-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0678637A1 EP0678637A1 (en) 1995-10-25
EP0678637B1 true EP0678637B1 (en) 1998-07-29

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Country Link
US (1) US6176463B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0678637B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07292971A (en)
AT (1) ATE169081T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2147406C (en)
DE (3) DE4413931C1 (en)

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ES2918018A1 (en) * 2021-10-13 2022-07-13 Sist Tecnicos De Encofrados Sa Recoverable roof formwork and recovery procedure (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
CN115370188B (en) * 2022-08-24 2024-04-05 山西省安装集团股份有限公司 Support device for prestressed concrete steel pipe truss composite plate

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US20220228365A1 (en) * 2016-06-24 2022-07-21 Apache Industrial Services, Inc Formwork System
CN110565946A (en) * 2019-07-31 2019-12-13 常州第一建筑集团有限公司 Construction method for supporting post-cast strip of basement of large-scale overhanging structure building

Also Published As

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DE9421250U1 (en) 1995-08-31
DE59502944D1 (en) 1998-09-03
EP0678637A1 (en) 1995-10-25
CA2147406A1 (en) 1995-10-22
ATE169081T1 (en) 1998-08-15
US6176463B1 (en) 2001-01-23
CA2147406C (en) 2005-12-06
DE4413931C1 (en) 1995-12-14
JPH07292971A (en) 1995-11-07

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