EP0676613A1 - Cartridge with a projectile having a limited range - Google Patents

Cartridge with a projectile having a limited range Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0676613A1
EP0676613A1 EP95400452A EP95400452A EP0676613A1 EP 0676613 A1 EP0676613 A1 EP 0676613A1 EP 95400452 A EP95400452 A EP 95400452A EP 95400452 A EP95400452 A EP 95400452A EP 0676613 A1 EP0676613 A1 EP 0676613A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
cavity
hollow body
counterweight
cartridge according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95400452A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Denis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0676613A1 publication Critical patent/EP0676613A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/12—Projectiles or missiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/02—Stabilising arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projectile cartridge with limited range, in particular for a training cartridge for exercise shots.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and proposes to create a cartridge with a reduced range having excellent precision and good efficiency at reduced range and very quickly becoming harmless beyond this reduced range and in particular a cartridge of training, in particular a training cartridge having the aspect and the characteristics of shooting of a real bullet, from the point of view of the stability on its trajectory and the quality of the impact on the target while avoiding the disadvantages of the risk in a very long area of terrain behind the target or allowing close interventions without creating risk at a certain distance.
  • the cartridge according to the invention allows very precise firing at a short or relatively short distance because the projectile has excellent stability on its trajectory at relatively short distance.
  • the projectile being very strongly braked, at the end of this first part of the trajectory, it quickly becomes harmless.
  • This second part of the trajectory is that located behind the target or the objective in the event of close fire, for example a neutralization fire, without the projectile becoming dangerous for people who could be at a certain distance.
  • a cartridge according to the invention serving as an exercise cartridge it and its projectile have the appearance and even a shape identical to that of a live-fire cartridge.
  • the projectile stabilizes on its trajectory, as a live fire projectile and the impact in the target is perfectly clear; the projectile generally consisting of a cylindrical piece longer than the diameter of its section, retains its position and pierces the target at impact like a live fire projectile allowing effective control of the marksman's qualities.
  • the projectile contains a more or less large flyweight but which represents only a fraction of the weight of the actual projectile.
  • the total mass of the projectile of reduced range representing only a fraction of that of the real projectile, for example 15g against 32g, this makes it possible to significantly reduce the charge of powder of the cartridge. This translates into significant savings.
  • the barrel of the weapon is less stressed which reduces wear and in turn results in significant savings, not to mention the reduction of pollution and noise.
  • the counterweight is formed by a guide rod held in the cavity, parallel to the axis of the cavity between the front and the rear and receiving, freely sliding, a ring whose mass represents most of the flyweight.
  • the counterweight being free to move in the cavity of the hollow body, a cavity which occupies almost the entire volume of the hollow body, the body in fact constituting only an envelope with the appropriate external shape (for example with sealing rings, a skirt at the rear and a plug closing the rear), this counterweight being able to move freely, at the start of the blow it is pressed against the bottom of the projectile due to the thrust exerted by the gases on the projectile.
  • the counterweight In its path in the barrel, the counterweight receives its kinetic energy via the hollow body then at the exit of the barrel as soon as the hollow body is braked by the air, the counterweight is placed in front of the hollow body and pull it on its trajectory. This results in an excellent stability of the projectile on its trajectory because the center of gravity of the projectile is moved completely to the front.
  • the projectile cartridge of limited range which is only shown schematically in the upper part of its socket A charged with the adequate quantity of powder, comprises a projectile B.
  • the projectile B consists of a hollow body 1, made of plastic and having the shape of a live fire projectile; this form is a cylinder provided externally with rings or sealing segments, not shown, and at the rear of a skirt 2 surrounding the plug 3 which closes the cavity 4 of the hollow body 1.
  • the cavity 4 contains a weight 5 of low weight forming with the hollow body 1, a projectile of reduced mass. This means that the mass is very reduced, for example by 50% and less compared to the mass of a usual projectile.
  • the volume of the counterweight 5 is also lower than that of the cavity so as to occupy only a part, generally relatively small, of the volume of the cavity; this counterweight here consists of a certain quantity of metal balls, for example lead balls.
  • This flyweight 5 or its constituent parts have dimensions such that they can move freely inside the cavity 4.
  • This cavity 4 is moreover generally of circular cylindrical shape and corresponds to most of the hollow body 1.
  • the counterweight 5 is free to move in the cavity 4. In the vertical position shown in FIG. 1, the counterweight 5 is accumulated at the bottom of the cavity 4.
  • the counterweight 5 occupies the position shown in FIG. 1, at the rear of the cavity 4, against the plug 3.
  • the hollow body (outside) is braked by its penetration into the air while the counterweight 5 is not; it immediately advances to press against the front of the hollow body and due to its kinetic energy it tends to "pull" the projectile. This ensures excellent stabilization of the projectile on its trajectory.
  • the projectile described above has the appearance of a conventional projectile of which only the mass is reduced.
  • the precision of the shooting is also equivalent to that of a usual projectile, limited however to a reduced range. Beyond this range, the speed of the projectile decreases very quickly which makes it practically harmless beyond this range.
  • the projectile does not damage or destroy the installations behind or around the target, by ricochet or because of a bad trajectory.
  • the projectiles thus fired can be recovered.
  • the danger area around the area of operation, whether it is a firing load or a street intervention, is also very small.
  • the choice weight material will be made depending on the result to be obtained on impact; a plastic weight will be practically harmless, a lead weight will spread over a hard objective and a lead alloy weight will burst or puncture the objective.
  • FIG 2 shows an alternative embodiment. This variant is identical to the embodiment of Figure 1 by the hollow body 1. Only the counterweight is different.
  • This flyweight is formed here by a ball 5A of spherical shape or similar to the spherical shape and whose largest dimension is less than the section of the cavity 4 so that this ball 5A can circulate freely inside the cavity 4 , forward or backward.
  • this projectile is the same as that described above.
  • the ball (flyweight) 5A is applied against the bottom of the hollow body. Then when the projectile leaves the barrel, it is immediately braked while the flyweight 5A is not. It advances and is pressed against the front of the hollow body to "pull" it on its trajectory.
  • FIG. 3 shows a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 2.
  • a counterweight 5B made of a relatively malleable material such as lead
  • FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the front end 41B of the hollow body 1, in dome shape in which the masselootte 5B is housed, spherical in shape.
  • FIG. 5 shows the deformation of the damping part 6 at the time of the firing, before the ball has again moved towards the front of the cavity 4.
  • FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the invention.
  • the counterweight 5C is formed of two parts 51, 52: - Part 51 corresponding to the flyweight itself and part 52 constituting its guide.
  • the guide rod 52 is a rod placed between the front 41 of the cavity 4 and the plug 3C.
  • the latter (3C) comprises a housing 31 for centering receiving the tail 521 of the guide rod 52 whose tip 521 is placed in the housing formed by the front 41.
  • Part 51 is a ring fitted on the guide rod 52.
  • This ring 51 is the heaviest part of the assembly 51/52; its dimensions are such that the ring 51 can move forward and backward freely in the cavity without being retained either by the rod 52 or by the friction on the wall of the cavity 4.
  • Various materials are possible for the assembly 51/52.
  • the rod 52 can for example be made of a plastic; the ring 51 can preferably be made of a denser plastic than that of the rod 52 or of metal, such as lead or a lead alloy.
  • this projectile is the same as that of the embodiments previously described: - at the start of the stroke, the ring 51 is pressed against the bottom (plug 3C) then as the hollow body is braked by air, the ring advances on the rod 52 and "pulls" the projectile by its kinetic energy.
  • FIG. 7 shows a variant of the front 41D of the embodiment of FIG. 6.
  • the front 41C is hollow with a stabilization groove 42 which further improves the trajectory of the projectile while serving for the central part 43 to receive and hold the guide rod 53.
  • This rod 53 receives the movable part 54 of the counterweight 5D.
  • This mobile part 54 comprises, with unchanged mass, a cylindrical skirt 55 which extends it and facilitates its guiding on the internal surface of the hollow body 1.
  • the inertia opposed by the counterweight (5, 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D) at the start of the blow causes a certain crushing of the bottom (3, 3C) itself subjected to the action of hot gases under pressure.
  • This crushing causes a slight expansion of the hollow body favoring its sealing with respect to the wall of the barrel, which at equal reach makes it possible to reduce the powder charge while ensuring better precision.
  • the mass represented by the counterweight 5, 5A either in the form of small balls 5 (FIG. 1) or in the form of a single ball 5A or another form 5B, 5C, 5D only represents a very small fraction of the weight of the actual metallic projectile placed in a hollow plastic body for projectile shots (bullets) with smooth cannons.
  • the powder charge placed in the cartridge case is determined according to the objectives, the nature of the shot to be made and the weight of the projectile; it is significantly reduced compared to that of conventional projectiles, both those used for training and those used for close-up actions.
  • the manufacture of cartridges according to the invention does not present any particular difficulties.
  • the hollow body is preferably the hollow body used for projectiles with unlimited range and the parts placed in the cavity of the hollow body have a simple geometry easy to produce to place in the hollow body.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

The cartridge, for a short range projectile, has a hollow plastics body (1) with an inner cavity (4), matching the weapon's calibre. The light projectile is formed by one or more parts (5), smaller than the inner cavity (4) of the body (1), with free circulation at the base and without filling the vol. of the body (1) interior (4). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne une cartouche à projectile à portée limitée, notamment pour une cartouche d'entraînement pour les tirs d'exercices.The present invention relates to a projectile cartridge with limited range, in particular for a training cartridge for exercise shots.

Pour l'entraînement des militaires, de la police ou encore pour des tirs d'entraînement de chasseurs, l'idéal est d'utiliser des cartouches à balles de tir réel. Toutefois, notamment le domaine militaire, du fait des portées très importantes, cela nécessite des zones de sécurité derrière les champs de tir, très longues, pour éviter tout danger derrière les cibles. Une autre solution consiste à prévoir des remblais mais malgré ces remblais, il est nécessaire de neutraliser une zone de sécurité de longueur également très importante derrière les cibles.For the training of the military, the police or even for training shots of hunters, the ideal is to use cartridges with bullets of real shooting. However, especially in the military field, because of the very large ranges, this requires very long safety zones behind the ranges to avoid any danger behind the targets. Another solution is to provide embankments, but despite these embankments, it is necessary to neutralize a safety zone of equally great length behind the targets.

Il existe aussi des stands de tir fermés, clos, dont les distances de tir sont réduites, avec des appareils de mesure très fragiles et très coûteux où il est préférable d'utiliser des cartouches à portée limitée pour éviter leur détérioration.There are also closed, closed shooting ranges, the shooting distances of which are reduced, with very fragile and very expensive measuring devices where it is preferable to use cartridges with limited range to avoid their deterioration.

Il existe certes des cartouches à projectile d'entraînement ou pour des tirs assimilés (en cas d'émeutes ou de manifestations) constituées par un projectile en matière plastique, en caoutchouc ou analogue. Toutefois, ces projectiles se tirent très mal et l'impact sur la cible est en général très grossier et non significatif. Or, le but d'un tir d'entraînement est précisément d'avoir des impacts sur cible qui soient représentatifs des qualités du tireur.There are certainly cartridges for training projectiles or for similar shots (in the event of riots or demonstrations) consisting of a plastic, rubber or similar projectile. However, these projectiles fire very poorly and the impact on the target is generally very rough and not significant. However, the goal of a training shot is precisely to have impacts on target that are representative of the marksman's qualities.

Ces impacts sur la cible sont souvent déformés, déchirés et très dispersés, sans commune mesure avec les impacts de tirs réels.These impacts on the target are often distorted, torn and very dispersed, without common measure with the impacts of real shots.

Ces impacts sont souvent tels que la cible est déchirée ou arrachée sur une surface très importante et sans commune mesure avec l'impact d'un projectile de tir réel.These impacts are often such that the target is torn or torn off over a very large surface and incommensurate with the impact of a live fire projectile.

De plus, à la manipulation des cartouches, le tireur sait d'emblée qu'il tire une cartouche d'entraînement avec tous les inconvénients connus d'une telle cartouche, aussi est-il peu motivé à faire un bon score.In addition, when handling cartridges, the shooter knows straight away that he is shooting a training cartridge with all the known drawbacks of such a cartridge, so he has little motivation to score well.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients et se propose de créer une cartouche de portée réduite présentant une excellente précision et une bonne efficacité à portée réduite et devenant très rapidement inoffensive au-delà de cette portée réduite et notamment une cartouche d'entraînement, notamment une cartouche d'entraînement ayant l'aspect et les caractéristiques de tir d'une balle réelle, du point de vue de la stabilité sur sa trajectoire et de la qualité de l'impact sur la cible tout en évitant les inconvénients du risque dans un secteur de terrain très long à l'arrière de la cible ou permettant des interventions rapprochées sans créer de risque à une certaine distance.The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and proposes to create a cartridge with a reduced range having excellent precision and good efficiency at reduced range and very quickly becoming harmless beyond this reduced range and in particular a cartridge of training, in particular a training cartridge having the aspect and the characteristics of shooting of a real bullet, from the point of view of the stability on its trajectory and the quality of the impact on the target while avoiding the disadvantages of the risk in a very long area of terrain behind the target or allowing close interventions without creating risk at a certain distance.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne une cartouche de portée réduite caractérisée en ce que le projectile comprend :

  • un corps creux en matière plastique, de section sensiblement égale à celle du canon formant une cavité,
  • une masselotte en une ou plusieurs parties représentant une masse réduite formant un projectile léger,
  • les dimensions de la masselotte étant inférieures à celles de la cavité du corps creux pour n'occuper qu'une partie de la cavité et pouvoir circuler librement entre l'avant et l'arrière de la cavité,
  • la masselotte étant libre en mouvement dans la cavité du corps creux.
To this end, the invention relates to a cartridge of reduced range characterized in that the projectile comprises:
  • a hollow plastic body, of section substantially equal to that of the barrel forming a cavity,
  • a weight in one or more parts representing a reduced mass forming a light projectile,
  • the dimensions of the counterweight being smaller than those of the cavity of the hollow body so as to occupy only part of the cavity and being able to circulate freely between the front and the rear of the cavity,
  • the counterweight being free to move in the cavity of the hollow body.

Suivant d'autres caractéristiques intéressantes :

  • la masselotte est constituée par une bille de diamètre inférieur à la section de la cavité.
  • la masselotte est constituée par des petites billes de plomb.
  • le corps creux a une forme analogue à celle d'un projectile de tir réel.
  • le corps creux a une forme cylindrique.
  • le corps creux est fermé par un bouchon.
According to other interesting features:
  • the counterweight is constituted by a ball of diameter smaller than the section of the cavity.
  • the flyweight is made up of small lead balls.
  • the hollow body has a shape analogous to that of a live fire projectile.
  • the hollow body has a cylindrical shape.
  • the hollow body is closed by a plug.

La cartouche selon l'invention permet un tir très précis à une distance courte ou relativement courte car le projectile présente une excellente stabilité sur sa trajectoire à distance relativement courte. Le projectile étant très fortement freiné, à la fin de cette première partie de trajectoire, il devient rapidement inoffensif. Cette seconde partie de trajectoire est celle située derrière la cible ou l'objectif en cas de tir rapproché, par exemple un tir de neutralisation, sans que le projectile ne devienne dangereux pour les personnes qui pourraient se trouver à une certaine distance.The cartridge according to the invention allows very precise firing at a short or relatively short distance because the projectile has excellent stability on its trajectory at relatively short distance. The projectile being very strongly braked, at the end of this first part of the trajectory, it quickly becomes harmless. This second part of the trajectory is that located behind the target or the objective in the event of close fire, for example a neutralization fire, without the projectile becoming dangerous for people who could be at a certain distance.

Dans le cas d'une cartouche selon l'invention servant de cartouche d'exercice elle et son projectile ont l'aspect et même une forme identique à celle d'une cartouche de tir réel. Au moment du tir, le projectile se stabilise sur sa trajectoire, comme un projectile de tir réel et l'impact dans la cible est parfaitement net ; le projectile constitué en général par une pièce de forme cylindrique plus longue que le diamètre de sa section, conserve sa position et troue la cible à l'impact comme un projectile de tir réel permettant le contrôle efficace des qualités du tireur.In the case of a cartridge according to the invention serving as an exercise cartridge, it and its projectile have the appearance and even a shape identical to that of a live-fire cartridge. When fired, the projectile stabilizes on its trajectory, as a live fire projectile and the impact in the target is perfectly clear; the projectile generally consisting of a cylindrical piece longer than the diameter of its section, retains its position and pierces the target at impact like a live fire projectile allowing effective control of the marksman's qualities.

Des essais ont montré que pour des cibles en carton placées devant une bute, le projectile ayant traversé la cible ne pénètre que très légèrement dans la bute, évitant ainsi tout risque à longue distance au-delà de la cible.Tests have shown that for cardboard targets placed in front of a stop, the projectile having passed through the target penetrates only very slightly into the stop, thus avoiding any risk at long distance beyond the target.

Suivant l'usage, le projectile contient une masselotte plus ou moins importante mais qui ne représente qu'une fraction du poids du projectile réel.Depending on usage, the projectile contains a more or less large flyweight but which represents only a fraction of the weight of the actual projectile.

Comme le projectile traverse la cible en papier ou carton sans abîmer la cible et sans être abîmé, il est possible de le récupérer dans le talus derrière la cible.As the projectile crosses the target made of paper or cardboard without damaging the target and without being damaged, it is possible to recover it from the slope behind the target.

La masse totale du projectile de portée réduite ne représentant qu'une fraction de celle du projectile réel, par exemple 15g contre 32g, cela permet de réduire de manière importante la charge de poudre de la cartouche. Cela se traduit par une économie importante.The total mass of the projectile of reduced range representing only a fraction of that of the real projectile, for example 15g against 32g, this makes it possible to significantly reduce the charge of powder of the cartridge. This translates into significant savings.

De plus, le canon de l'arme est moins sollicité ce qui en réduit l'usure et se traduit à son tour par une économie importante, sans compter la réduction de la pollution et du bruit.In addition, the barrel of the weapon is less stressed which reduces wear and in turn results in significant savings, not to mention the reduction of pollution and noise.

Suivant une autre caractéristique intéressante, la masselotte est formée d'une tige de guidage maintenue dans la cavité, parallèlement à l'axe de la cavité entre l'avant et l'arrière et recevant, libre en coulissement, un anneau dont la masse représente la plus grande partie de la masselotte.According to another advantageous characteristic, the counterweight is formed by a guide rod held in the cavity, parallel to the axis of the cavity between the front and the rear and receiving, freely sliding, a ring whose mass represents most of the flyweight.

La masselotte étant libre en mouvement dans la cavité du corps creux, cavité qui occupe la quasi totalité du volume du corps creux, le corps ne constituant en fait qu'une enveloppe avec la forme extérieure appropriée (par exemple avec des anneaux d'étanchéité, une jupe à l'arrière et un bouchon fermant l'arrière), cette masselotte pouvant se déplacer librement, au départ du coup elle est plaquée contre le fond du projectile du fait de la poussée exercée par les gaz sur le projectile. Dans son trajet dans le canon, la masselotte reçoit son énergie cinétique par l'intermédiaire du corps creux puis à la sortie du canon dès que le corps creux est freiné par l'air, la masselotte se place à l'avant du corps creux et tire celui-ci sur sa trajectoire. Cela se traduit par une excellente stabilité du projectile sur sa trajectoire du fait que le centre de gravité du projectile est déplacé complètement à l'avant.The counterweight being free to move in the cavity of the hollow body, a cavity which occupies almost the entire volume of the hollow body, the body in fact constituting only an envelope with the appropriate external shape (for example with sealing rings, a skirt at the rear and a plug closing the rear), this counterweight being able to move freely, at the start of the blow it is pressed against the bottom of the projectile due to the thrust exerted by the gases on the projectile. In its path in the barrel, the counterweight receives its kinetic energy via the hollow body then at the exit of the barrel as soon as the hollow body is braked by the air, the counterweight is placed in front of the hollow body and pull it on its trajectory. This results in an excellent stability of the projectile on its trajectory because the center of gravity of the projectile is moved completely to the front.

Très rapidement au-delà de la première partie de trajectoire suivie par le projectile (partie utile de la trajectoire) le freinage dans l'air devient très important et absorbe toute l'énergie du projectile devenant ainsi inoffensif.Very quickly beyond the first part of the trajectory followed by the projectile (useful part of the trajectory) braking in the air becomes very important and absorbs all the energy of the projectile thus becoming harmless.

La présente invention sera décrite ci-après de manière plus détaillée à l'aide des dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un premier mode de réalisation d'un projectile de cartouche d'entraînement selon l'invention.
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe d'un second mode de réalisation d'un projectile selon l'invention.
  • la figure 3 montre un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention.
  • la figure 4 montre une variante de forme du corps creux de la figure 3.
  • la figure 5 montre le mode de réalisation de la figure 3, après le tir.
  • la figure 6 montre une autre variante de réalisation de la masselotte et du corps creux.
  • la figure 7 montre une variante de la figure 6.
The present invention will be described below in more detail with the aid of the accompanying drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of a drive cartridge projectile according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of a projectile according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 4 shows a variant form of the hollow body of FIG. 3.
  • Figure 5 shows the embodiment of Figure 3, after firing.
  • Figure 6 shows another alternative embodiment of the counterweight and the hollow body.
  • FIG. 7 shows a variant of FIG. 6.

Dans toutes les figures, les parois du corps creux formant le projectile sont représentées avec une épaisseur exagérée, non à l'échelle, pour mieux montrer l'invention. Par ailleurs, des références identiques ou voisines seront utilisées pour les éléments identiques ou analogues dans les différentes figures.In all the figures, the walls of the hollow body forming the projectile are shown with an exaggerated thickness, not to scale, to better show the invention. Furthermore, identical or similar references will be used for identical or similar elements in the different figures.

Selon la figure 1, la cartouche à projectile de portée limitée qui n'est représentée que schématiquement dans la partie supérieure de sa douille A chargée de la quantité adéquate de poudre, comporte un projectile B. Le projectile B se compose d'un corps creux 1, en matière plastique et ayant la forme d'un projectile de tir réel ; cette forme est un cylindre muni extérieurement d'anneaux ou segments d'étanchéité non représentés et à l'arrière d'une jupe 2 entourant le bouchon 3 qui ferme la cavité 4 du corps creux 1.According to FIG. 1, the projectile cartridge of limited range which is only shown schematically in the upper part of its socket A charged with the adequate quantity of powder, comprises a projectile B. The projectile B consists of a hollow body 1, made of plastic and having the shape of a live fire projectile; this form is a cylinder provided externally with rings or sealing segments, not shown, and at the rear of a skirt 2 surrounding the plug 3 which closes the cavity 4 of the hollow body 1.

La cavité 4 contient une masselotte 5 de poids faible formant avec le corps creux 1, un projectile de masse réduite. Cela signifie que la masse est très réduite, par exemple de 50 % et moins par rapport à la masse d'un projectile usuel. Le volume de la masselotte 5 est également plus faible que celui de la cavité de manière à n'occuper qu'une partie, en général relativement faible du volume de la cavité ; cette masselotte est constituée ici d'une certaine quantité de billes de métal, par exemple de billes de plomb. Cette masselotte 5 ou ses parties constitutives ont des dimensions telles qu'elles peuvent se déplacer librement à l'intérieur de la cavité 4. Cette cavité 4 est d'ailleurs en général de forme cylindrique circulaire et correspond à la plus grande partie du corps creux 1.The cavity 4 contains a weight 5 of low weight forming with the hollow body 1, a projectile of reduced mass. This means that the mass is very reduced, for example by 50% and less compared to the mass of a usual projectile. The volume of the counterweight 5 is also lower than that of the cavity so as to occupy only a part, generally relatively small, of the volume of the cavity; this counterweight here consists of a certain quantity of metal balls, for example lead balls. This flyweight 5 or its constituent parts have dimensions such that they can move freely inside the cavity 4. This cavity 4 is moreover generally of circular cylindrical shape and corresponds to most of the hollow body 1.

La masselotte 5 est libre en mouvement dans la cavité 4. Dans la position verticale représentée à la figure 1, la masselotte 5 est accumulée au fond de la cavité 4.The counterweight 5 is free to move in the cavity 4. In the vertical position shown in FIG. 1, the counterweight 5 is accumulated at the bottom of the cavity 4.

Au moment du départ du coup, la masselotte 5 occupe la position représentée à la figure 1, à l'arrière de la cavité 4, contre le bouchon 3.When the shot starts, the counterweight 5 occupies the position shown in FIG. 1, at the rear of the cavity 4, against the plug 3.

Par contre, après la sortie du projectile du canon de l'arme, le corps creux (extérieur) est freiné par sa pénétration dans l'air alors que la masselotte 5 ne l'est pas ; elle avance immédiatement pour se plaquer contre l'avant du corps creux et du fait de son énergie cinétique elle a tendance à "tracter" le projectile. Cela assure une excellente stabilisation du projectile sur sa trajectoire.On the other hand, after the exit of the projectile from the barrel of the weapon, the hollow body (outside) is braked by its penetration into the air while the counterweight 5 is not; it immediately advances to press against the front of the hollow body and due to its kinetic energy it tends to "pull" the projectile. This ensures excellent stabilization of the projectile on its trajectory.

Le projectile décrit ci-dessus a l'aspect d'un projectile usuel dont seule la masse est réduite. La précision du tir est également équivalente à celle d'un projectile usuel, limitée toutefois à une portée réduite. Au-delà de cette portée, la vitesse du projectile diminue très rapidement ce qui le rend pratiquement inoffensif au-delà de cette portée.The projectile described above has the appearance of a conventional projectile of which only the mass is reduced. The precision of the shooting is also equivalent to that of a usual projectile, limited however to a reduced range. Beyond this range, the speed of the projectile decreases very quickly which makes it practically harmless beyond this range.

De ce fait, le projectile n'abîme, ni ne détruit les installations derrière la cible ou autour de celle-ci, par ricochet ou à cause d'une mauvaise trajectoire. Les projectiles ainsi tirés peuvent être récupérés. Comme la portée est limitée, la zone dangereuse autour de la zone d'opération, qu'il s'agisse d'une charge de tir ou d'une intervention dans la rue, est également très réduite.As a result, the projectile does not damage or destroy the installations behind or around the target, by ricochet or because of a bad trajectory. The projectiles thus fired can be recovered. As the range is limited, the danger area around the area of operation, whether it is a firing load or a street intervention, is also very small.

A poids égal (donc à portée donnée) le choix du matériau de la masselotte sera fait en fonction du résultat à obtenir à l'impact ; une masselotte en plastique sera pratiquement inoffensive, une masselotte en plomb s'étalera sur un objectif dur et une masselotte en alliage de plomb éclatera ou perforera l'objectif.At equal weight (therefore at given range) the choice weight material will be made depending on the result to be obtained on impact; a plastic weight will be practically harmless, a lead weight will spread over a hard objective and a lead alloy weight will burst or puncture the objective.

La figure 2 montre une variante de réalisation. Cette variante est identique au mode de réalisation de la figure 1 par le corps creux 1. Seule la masselotte est différente. Cette masselotte est constituée ici par une bille 5A de forme sphérique ou assimilée à la forme sphérique et dont la plus grande dimension est inférieure à la section de la cavité 4 de façon que cette bille 5A puisse circuler librement à l'intérieur de la cavité 4, vers l'avant ou vers l'arrière.Figure 2 shows an alternative embodiment. This variant is identical to the embodiment of Figure 1 by the hollow body 1. Only the counterweight is different. This flyweight is formed here by a ball 5A of spherical shape or similar to the spherical shape and whose largest dimension is less than the section of the cavity 4 so that this ball 5A can circulate freely inside the cavity 4 , forward or backward.

Le fonctionnement de ce projectile est le même que celui décrit ci-dessus. Au départ du coup la bille (masselotte) 5A se trouve appliquée contre le fond du corps creux. Puis lorsque le projectile quitte le canon, il est immédiatement freiné alors que la masselotte 5A ne l'est pas. Elle avance et se plaque contre l'avant du corps creux pour le "tirer" sur sa trajectoire.The operation of this projectile is the same as that described above. At the start of the blow, the ball (flyweight) 5A is applied against the bottom of the hollow body. Then when the projectile leaves the barrel, it is immediately braked while the flyweight 5A is not. It advances and is pressed against the front of the hollow body to "pull" it on its trajectory.

La figure 3 montre une variante du mode de réalisation de la figure 2. En effet, dans le cas d'une masselotte 5B en une matière relativement malléable comme du plomb il peut être intéressant de munir le fond de la cavité 4 d'une pièce d'amortissement 6 par exemple une pastille de bourre qui soutient la bille 5B au moment du tir, pour que la bille 5B ne s'aplatisse pas (au moins partiellement) contre le fond (bouchon 3) de la cavité 4.FIG. 3 shows a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 2. In fact, in the case of a counterweight 5B made of a relatively malleable material such as lead, it may be advantageous to provide the bottom of the cavity 4 with a part damping 6 for example a fluff pad which supports the ball 5B at the time of firing, so that the ball 5B does not flatten (at least partially) against the bottom (plug 3) of the cavity 4.

La figure 4 montre un autre mode de réalisation de l'extrémité avant 41B du corps creux 1, en forme de dôme dans lequel se loge la masselootte 5B, de forme sphérique.FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the front end 41B of the hollow body 1, in dome shape in which the masselootte 5B is housed, spherical in shape.

La figure 5 montre la déformation de la pièce d'amortissement 6 au moment du tir, avant que la bille ne se soit de nouveau déplacée vers l'avant de la cavité 4.FIG. 5 shows the deformation of the damping part 6 at the time of the firing, before the ball has again moved towards the front of the cavity 4.

La figure 6 montre un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention.Figure 6 shows another embodiment of the invention.

Dans ce cas la masselotte 5C est formée de deux parties 51, 52 :
- la partie 51 correspondant à la masselotte proprement dite et la partie 52 constituant son guide.In this case the counterweight 5C is formed of two parts 51, 52:
- Part 51 corresponding to the flyweight itself and part 52 constituting its guide.

La tige de guidage 52 est une tige placée entre l'avant 41 de la cavité 4 et le bouchon 3C. Ce dernier (3C) comporte un logement 31 de centrage recevant la queue 521 de la tige de guidage 52 dont la pointe 521 se place dans le logement formé par l'avant 41.The guide rod 52 is a rod placed between the front 41 of the cavity 4 and the plug 3C. The latter (3C) comprises a housing 31 for centering receiving the tail 521 of the guide rod 52 whose tip 521 is placed in the housing formed by the front 41.

La partie 51 est un anneau emmanché sur la tige de guidage 52. Cet anneau 51 est la partie la plus lourde de l'ensemble 51/52 ; ses dimensions sont telles que l'anneau 51 puisse avancer et reculer librement dans la cavité sans être retenu ni par la tige 52 ni par le frottement sur la paroi de la cavité 4. Divers matériaux sont envisageables pour l'ensemble 51/52.Part 51 is a ring fitted on the guide rod 52. This ring 51 is the heaviest part of the assembly 51/52; its dimensions are such that the ring 51 can move forward and backward freely in the cavity without being retained either by the rod 52 or by the friction on the wall of the cavity 4. Various materials are possible for the assembly 51/52.

La tige 52 peut par exemple être réalisée dans un plastique ; l'anneau 51 est réalisable de préférence en un plastique plus dense que celui de la tige 52 ou en métal, tel que du plomb ou un alliage de plomb.The rod 52 can for example be made of a plastic; the ring 51 can preferably be made of a denser plastic than that of the rod 52 or of metal, such as lead or a lead alloy.

Le fonctionnement de ce projectile est le même que celui des modes de réalisation précédemment décrits :
- au départ du coup l'anneau 51 se plaque contre le fond (bouchon 3C) puis comme le corps creux est freiné par l'air, l'anneau avance sur la tige 52 et "tire" le projectile par son énergie cinétique.The operation of this projectile is the same as that of the embodiments previously described:
- at the start of the stroke, the ring 51 is pressed against the bottom (plug 3C) then as the hollow body is braked by air, the ring advances on the rod 52 and "pulls" the projectile by its kinetic energy.

La figure 7 montre une variante de l'avant 41D du mode de réalisation de la figure 6.FIG. 7 shows a variant of the front 41D of the embodiment of FIG. 6.

Dans ce cas l'avant 41C est creux avec une gorge 42 de stabilisation qui améliore encore plus la trajectoire du projectile tout en servant pour la partie centrale 43 à recevoir et tenir la tige de guidage 53.In this case, the front 41C is hollow with a stabilization groove 42 which further improves the trajectory of the projectile while serving for the central part 43 to receive and hold the guide rod 53.

Cette tige 53 reçoit la partie mobile 54 de la masselotte 5D.This rod 53 receives the movable part 54 of the counterweight 5D.

Cette partie mobile 54 comporte, à masse inchangée, une jupe cylindrique 55 qui la prolonge et facilite son guidage sur la surface intérieure du corps creux 1.This mobile part 54 comprises, with unchanged mass, a cylindrical skirt 55 which extends it and facilitates its guiding on the internal surface of the hollow body 1.

Il est à remarquer que l'inertie opposée par la masselotte (5, 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D) au départ du coup provoque un certain écrasement du fond (3, 3C) lui-même soumis à l'action des gaz chauds sous pression. Cet écrasement provoque une légère dilatation du corps creux favorisant son étanchéité par rapport à la paroi du canon, ce qui à portée égale permet de réduire la charge de poudre tout en assurant une meilleure précision.It should be noted that the inertia opposed by the counterweight (5, 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D) at the start of the blow causes a certain crushing of the bottom (3, 3C) itself subjected to the action of hot gases under pressure. This crushing causes a slight expansion of the hollow body favoring its sealing with respect to the wall of the barrel, which at equal reach makes it possible to reduce the powder charge while ensuring better precision.

Comme déjà indiqué ci-dessus, la masse représentée par la masselotte 5, 5A soit sous forme de petites billes 5 (figure 1) ou sous la forme d'une seule bille 5A ou une autre forme 5B, 5C, 5D ne représente qu'une fraction très faible du poids du projectile métallique réel placé dans un corps creux en matière plastique pour les tirs à projectiles (balles) avec des canons lisses.As already indicated above, the mass represented by the counterweight 5, 5A either in the form of small balls 5 (FIG. 1) or in the form of a single ball 5A or another form 5B, 5C, 5D only represents a very small fraction of the weight of the actual metallic projectile placed in a hollow plastic body for projectile shots (bullets) with smooth cannons.

La charge de poudre placée dans la douille de la cartouche est déterminée suivant les objectifs, la nature du tir à réaliser et le poids du projectile ; elle est significativement réduite par rapport à celle des projectiles classiques tant ceux utilisés pour l'entraînement que ceux servant aux actions rapprochées.The powder charge placed in the cartridge case is determined according to the objectives, the nature of the shot to be made and the weight of the projectile; it is significantly reduced compared to that of conventional projectiles, both those used for training and those used for close-up actions.

La fabrication des cartouches selon l'invention ne présente pas de difficultés particulières. Le corps creux est de préférence le corps creux utilisé pour des projectiles à portée non limitée et les pièces placées dans la cavité du corps creux présentent une géométrie simple facile à réaliser à placer dans le corps creux.The manufacture of cartridges according to the invention does not present any particular difficulties. The hollow body is preferably the hollow body used for projectiles with unlimited range and the parts placed in the cavity of the hollow body have a simple geometry easy to produce to place in the hollow body.

Claims (8)

1°) Cartouche à projectile à portée limitée pour une arme à feu, caractérisée en ce que le projectile comprend : - un corps creux (1) en matière plastique, de section sensiblement égale à celle du canon formant une cavité (4), - une masselotte (5) en une ou plusieurs parties représentant une masse réduite formant un projectile léger, - les dimensions de la masselotte (5) étant inférieures à celles de la cavité (4) du corps creux (1) pour n'occuper qu'une partie de la cavité et pouvoir circuler librement entre l'avant et l'arrière de la cavité, - la masselotte (5) étant libre en mouvement dans la cavité du corps creux. 1 °) Projectile cartridge with limited range for a firearm, characterized in that the projectile comprises: a hollow body (1) of plastic material, of section substantially equal to that of the barrel forming a cavity (4), - a counterweight (5) in one or more parts representing a reduced mass forming a light projectile, the dimensions of the counterweight (5) being smaller than those of the cavity (4) of the hollow body (1) so as to occupy only part of the cavity and being able to circulate freely between the front and the rear of the cavity, - the counterweight (5) being free to move in the cavity of the hollow body. 2°) Cartouche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la masselotte est constituée par une bille (5A, 5B) de diamètre inférieur à la section de la cavité. 2) Cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the counterweight is constituted by a ball (5A, 5B) of diameter less than the section of the cavity. 3°) Cartouche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la masselotte (5) est constituée par des petites billes de plomb. 3 °) Cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the weight (5) consists of small lead balls. 4°) Cartouche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le corps creux (1) a une forme analogue à celle d'un projectile de tir usuel. 4 °) Cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow body (1) has a shape similar to that of a conventional shooting projectile. 5°) Cartouche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le corps creux (1) a une forme cylindrique. 5 °) cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow body (1) has a cylindrical shape. 6°) Cartouche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le corps creux (1) est fermé par un bouchon (3, 3C). 6 °) Cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow body (1) is closed by a plug (3, 3C). 7°) Cartouche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une pièce d'amortisseur (6) entre le fond de la cavité (4) et la masselotte (5B). 7 °) cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a damper part (6) between the bottom of the cavity (4) and the flyweight (5B). 8°) Cartouche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la masselotte (5C) est formée d'une tige de guidage (52) maintenue dans la cavité (4), parallèlement à l'axe de la cavité entre l'avant (41) et l'arrière (3C) et recevant, libre en coulissement, un anneau dont la masse représente la plus grande partie de la masselotte (5C). 8 °) cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the counterweight (5C) is formed of a guide rod (52) held in the cavity (4), parallel to the axis of the cavity between the front ( 41) and the rear (3C) and receiving, free to slide, a ring whose mass represents the largest part of the counterweight (5C).
EP95400452A 1994-03-08 1995-03-02 Cartridge with a projectile having a limited range Withdrawn EP0676613A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9402658A FR2717258B1 (en) 1994-03-08 1994-03-08 Projectile cartridge with limited range.
FR9402658 1994-03-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0676613A1 true EP0676613A1 (en) 1995-10-11

Family

ID=9460801

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95400452A Withdrawn EP0676613A1 (en) 1994-03-08 1995-03-02 Cartridge with a projectile having a limited range

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0676613A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2717258B1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3117177A4 (en) * 2014-03-10 2018-03-14 Nostromo Holdings, LLC Ammunition cartridge with induced instability at a pre-set range
US9952024B2 (en) 2014-03-10 2018-04-24 Nostromo Holdings, Llc Ammunition cartridge with induced instability at a pre-set range
CN115111972A (en) * 2022-08-30 2022-09-27 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 Self-service air film damping device for high-speed underwater projectile body

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2160621A1 (en) * 1971-12-07 1973-06-14 Eta Corp FLOOR, IN PARTICULAR ARTILLERY OR ROCKET FLOOR
DE2350596A1 (en) * 1973-10-09 1979-10-25 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Infantry projectile with internal stabiliser - has internal inclined channel with additional rolling mass ensuring trimming action
DE3335997A1 (en) * 1983-10-04 1985-04-11 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf TRAINING FLOOR

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2160621A1 (en) * 1971-12-07 1973-06-14 Eta Corp FLOOR, IN PARTICULAR ARTILLERY OR ROCKET FLOOR
DE2350596A1 (en) * 1973-10-09 1979-10-25 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Infantry projectile with internal stabiliser - has internal inclined channel with additional rolling mass ensuring trimming action
DE3335997A1 (en) * 1983-10-04 1985-04-11 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf TRAINING FLOOR

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3117177A4 (en) * 2014-03-10 2018-03-14 Nostromo Holdings, LLC Ammunition cartridge with induced instability at a pre-set range
US9952024B2 (en) 2014-03-10 2018-04-24 Nostromo Holdings, Llc Ammunition cartridge with induced instability at a pre-set range
CN115111972A (en) * 2022-08-30 2022-09-27 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 Self-service air film damping device for high-speed underwater projectile body

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2717258A1 (en) 1995-09-15
FR2717258B1 (en) 1997-04-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2558031C (en) Hunting bullet comprising an expansion ring
FR2487063A1 (en) BOURRE AND PROJECTILE FOR CARTRIDGE OF HUNTING RIFLE
EP0723131B1 (en) Muzzle brake for middle or large-bore barrel
FR2529319A1 (en) AMMUNITION COMPRISING A PROPULSIVE LOAD AND A FINISH STABILIZED PROJECTILE
FR2726357A1 (en) TELESCOPED BOOM HUNTING BALL, COMPRISING A SUB-PROJECTILE ASSOCIATED WITH A LAUNCHER
EP0407288B1 (en) Training projectile for an automatically or hand-operated firearm
EP0676613A1 (en) Cartridge with a projectile having a limited range
EP0728293B1 (en) Close range dual penetration bullet for hunting
CA2146443C (en) Sabot with controlled separation of segments for sub-calibre projectiles
WO2010029272A1 (en) Pneumatic mechanism for a toy weapon that fires lightweight paintballs or plastic beads, actuated by special pyrotechnic ammunition
WO2019025576A1 (en) Training ammunition for firearms, method of manufacturing and method of using same
EP0752571B1 (en) Short trajectory projectile
FR2475210A1 (en) IMPROVEMENTS ON BULLETS FOR FIREARMS
CA2176029C (en) Close range dual penetration bullet for hunting
EP0530287B1 (en) Centrally sealed twin launch system
FR2677444A1 (en) PORTABLE FIREARM HAVING A CHAMBER FOR A CARTRIDGE WITHOUT SLEEVE.
FR2537714A1 (en) PROPULSION SHELL GUIDE
EP3022519B1 (en) Projectile, in particular ammunition, for a defense launcher
CA2179066C (en) Telescoping arrow-type hunting bullet with a sub-projectile combined with a launching element
FR2467380A1 (en) SHOOTING DEVICE WITHOUT EJECTION OF GAS TOWARDS REAR
BE840898A (en) TRAINING AMMUNITION
EP0072368A1 (en) One-piece bullet trap
CH711974B1 (en) Armament equipment and projectile specially adapted for such armament equipment.
FR2658599A1 (en) RIFLE EXERCISE GRENADE FOR RIFLE AND INSTRUCTION SYSTEM FOR SHOOTING RIFLES.
CH457194A (en) Assembly comprising a projectile and its launching device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19960409

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19980202

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19980813