Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23D—BURNERS
  • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
  • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
  • F23D14/68—Treating the combustion air or gas, e.g. by filtering, or moistening
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23D—BURNERS
  • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
  • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
  • F23D14/48—Nozzles
  • F23D14/52—Nozzles for torches; for blow-pipes
  • F23D14/54—Nozzles for torches; for blow-pipes for cutting or welding metal
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23D—BURNERS
  • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
  • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
  • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
  • F23D14/82—Preventing flashback or blowback

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of blowtorches, - in particular blowtorches that can be used in cutting techniques (flame cutting, for example), flame machining (in particular any oxy-fuel blowtorch), stripping, pickling, or surface quenching.
• object of the invention relates more particularly to gas torch nozzles, of the type comprising a nozzle body provided with axial gas supply channels which open out through outlet orifices associated in the vicinity of the distal end of the body nozzle.
• the danger is particularly important in the case of cutting torches, pickling, oxy-welding, oxy-brazing, or even oxygen-cutting. Indeed, if for any reason, which can be simply a negligence of the careful closing of the valves during the previous stop of the torch, oxygen is introduced into the gas circuit or vice versa , the fact of presenting the flame at the end of the nozzle ignites the mixture, and propagates the reaction wherever there is actually a flammable mixture, and this is then the accident.
• the object of the invention is to improve the safety of the torch nozzles with regard to the risk of accident due to flashback, while allowing the flame to be structured, giving the nozzle great flexibility of use. and a high operating precision.
• the object of the invention is therefore to produce a gas torch nozzle, the structure of which makes it possible to effectively counter the inadvertent ignition of a mixture of detonating gas, in particular during the lighting of the torch, whatever the type. torch, while organizing the structure of the flame to have a more concentrated heat near the outlet of the nozzle.
• a gas torch nozzle comprising a nozzle body provided with axial gas supply channels which open out through orifices of outlet associated with the vicinity of the distal end of the nozzle body, characterized in that it comprises an outlet ring mounted on the distal end of the nozzle body, said ring having a large number of small axial holes forming outlet openings, and that a through element of porous metal is interposed between the downstream end of the canals inlet and the aforementioned outlet ring, said element allowing the gases to pass through the axial holes during normal operation of the torch to obtain a fractional flame in small darts, but blocking the propagation of the flame upstream during the ignition of said torch.
• the porous metal through element is therefore close to the outlet of the nozzle, and the flame is structured in a plurality of small darts, which makes it possible to concentrate the heat in the immediate vicinity of the outlet, while making it possible to modulate without risk the flame thanks to the presence of the through element.
• the production of small heating holes also makes it possible to hinder, or even prohibit, the penetration of the liquid metal sprayed against the nozzle inside the holes by simple phenomenon of capillarity combined with the use of higher pressure. gas ejection.
• the number and the section of the axial holes of the outlet ring are chosen such that the total section of these axial holes corresponds substantially to the total section of the gas supply channels, to simultaneously perform a limiter function. noise.
• the through element is produced in the form of a crown or a flat washer, which is arranged in the immediate vicinity of a distribution chamber common to the gas supply channels.
• the traver ⁇ health element is mounted in the outlet ring, while being in abutment against an associated shoulder.
• the through element may be made of metal frit, in particular in bronze or brass.
• the nozzle may also comprise at least one filter element disposed in front of the inlet orifices of the axial gas supply channels, in order to retain the impurities carried by the gases during the operation of the torch and avoid thus the clogging of the through element.
• the proxi ale end of the nozzle body has at least one circular gas distribution groove into which open the orifices of the axial channels, this groove or each of these grooves then receiving a filter element produced in the form of a porous ring.
• the nozzle body has a central nozzle for the passage of oxygen and axial channels arranged around this nozzle for the passage of heating gases, and the through element is produced in the form of a crown mounted on the distal end of said nozzle.
• the outlet ring associated with the through element is threaded onto the distal end of the nozzle body forming the outlet of the nozzle, and this ring is fixed by brazing to said body.
• the outlet ring is surrounded by a protective ring which is fixed simultaneously by the aforementioned brazing.
• - Figure 1 is the axial section of a gas torch nozzle, in this case a slewing torch, the structure of which is in accordance with the invention
• - Figures 2 and 3 illustrate, respectively in section and in end view, the insulated body of the nozzle of Figure 1 (without the porous metal element or the associated outlet ring)
• - Figures 4 and 5 are views respectively in plan and in section (Figure 5 is a section along V - V in Figure 4) of the through element of porous metal, here produced in the form of a flat crown , -
• - Figure 6 is a sectional view of the outlet ring which ensures the maintenance of the aforementioned porous metal through element, to better distinguish the associated support shoulder and one of the many small axial holes of this ring, these holes being here arranged in a single circular row; - Figure 7, which is close to the figure
• filter elements are further provided at the inlet of the heating gas supply channels, here in the form of two porous rings, to retain the impurities conveyed by the gases during the operation of the torch and thus avoid clogging of the through element.
• FIG. 1 makes it possible to distinguish a gas torch nozzle 100 according to the invention, comprising a nozzle body 101 (the structure of which will be better understood by referring to FIGS. 2 and 3), which is here of generally cylindrical shape (the axis of the nozzle body is marked X), said body being provided with axial gas supply channels 103 which open through outlet orifices associated in the vicinity of the distal end 111 of the nozzle body 101.
• the nozzle of torch illustrated here is used to equip a slewing torch, which explains the presence of a central nozzle 102 associated with the passage of oxygen, nozzle whose inlet is referenced 102.2 and outlet 102.1, the aforementioned axial channels 103 then being arranged around this nozzle to ensure the passage of gases from heated.
• the invention can also be applied to any other type of gas torches, in particular to conventional type heating torches, the nozzle body of which is then free of central nozzle.
• a nozzle body having in section a polygonal shape (in general rectangular or octagonal), with an axis or several parallel axes (usually two axes).
• the nozzle 100 includes an outlet ring 115 mounted on the distal end of the nozzle body 101, said ring having a large number of small axial holes 117 forming outlet orifices, and a through element 120 made of porous metal is interposed between the downstream end of the supply channels 103 and the aforementioned outlet ring 115, said through element allowing gases to pass downstream in these axial holes during normal operation of the torch for obtaining a fractional flame in small darts, but blocking the propagation of the flame upstream during the lighting of said torch.
• the through element 120 made of porous metal constitutes a barrier to the propagation of the flame, which barrier is in the immediate vicinity of the outlet of the nozzle, and prevents the ignition reaction. of a mixture of gases exploding to propagate wherever the flammable mixture is actually found, in the event that oxygen is introduced into the gas circuit or vice versa, owing in particular to negligence on the part of the operator during the previous closing of the valves when the torch stopped.
• the through element 120 does not in any way prevent the normal operation of the torch (the direction going from upstream to downstream), with its flame structured in a plurality of small darts, and constitutes an extremely effective barrier to the propagation of the flame (the direction going from downstream to upstream).
• the through element 120 can be produced in the form of a crown or a flat washer, made of sintered metal, in particular bronze or brass.
• the through element 120 is produced in the form of a circular crown, mounted on the distal end 111 of the central nozzle.
• the element traver ⁇ sant 120 may be produced in the form of a washer, circular or not, in direct support by an associated shoulder against the distal end of the nozzle body.
• the through element 120 is interposed between the nozzle body 101 and the outlet ring 115 which is also mounted on the distal end 111 of the nozzle.
• the through element 120 is here disposed in the direct vicinity of a distribution chamber 112, which is an annular chamber common to the various gas supply channels 103.
• the arrangement of this distribution chamber 112, and of the distribution channels lead 103 associated, will be better understood by referring to Figures 2 and 3.
• each of the feed channels 103 here four in number, ends on the upstream side by an axial branch opening at a orifice 104 in an associated distribution groove 107, for example associated with the arrival of heating oxygen, and also by a branch branch 105 which opens, at an associated orifice 106 in another distribution groove 108, for example associated with the fuel supply.
• the outlet ring 115 has a central bore 116 which corresponds to the outside diameter of the distal end 111 of the nozzle body, so as to avoid any untimely passage of gas at the contact surfaces.
• the outlet ring 115 also has a large number of small axial holes 117 which are associated with the outlet of the heating gases, for example arranged in a single circular row as illustrated here.
• large number should be understood a number much greater than that of the gas supply channels, and by “small section” means a section much smaller than that of said supply channels.
• These small axial holes 117 carry out a fractionation of the flame, which takes the form of as many small darts concentrating the heat at a short distance, which can be determined with precision, from the outlet of the nozzle.
• the number and the section of the axial holes are chosen such that the total section corresponds substantially to the total section of the gas supply channels 103, so as to simultaneously perform a noise limiter function.
• the number and the section of the axial holes are chosen such that the total section corresponds substantially to the total section of the gas supply channels 103, so as to simultaneously perform a noise limiter function.
• four supply channels 103 whose inlet diameter is of the order of 4.5 mm, thirty-eight to sixty axial holes 117 of a diameter of 1.5 to 1.2 mm, for example distributed regularly over a circumference of the retaining ring, the length of these axial holes being in the order of 10 mm.
• the arrangement of these axial holes will more generally be provided along one or more lines, this or these lines being able to be rectilinear or curved as the case may be: the distribution along a circular line illustrated here therefore constitutes only one example.
• the outlet ring 115 also has, on the upstream side, a support shoulder 118, against which the through element 120 abuts: the through element is then mounted in the outlet ring.
• a shoulder 119 is also provided which comes into direct contact with the circular bearing edge 113 of the nozzle body 101, so as to avoid any risk of crushing of the porous metal through element during precise mounting. of the ring 115.
• the through element 120 is in the present case in the form of a circular crown of sintered metal, the thickness of which can be of the order of 3 mm, with an internal diameter which is here of the order of 20 mm, and an outside diameter of the order of 32 mm.
• the outlet ring 115 which is for example made of cupro-tellurium, is preferably threaded with the through element 120, after prior positioning of the latter, on the distal end 111 of the nozzle body 101, and the connection of this ring to said nozzle body is ensured by soldering denoted 125 in FIG. 1.
• a protection ring 114 is also provided here surrounding the outlet ring 115, a protection ring which is preferably also fixed simultaneously by the aforementioned brazing.
• the torch nozzle thus equipped can have any geometry on the outside, and its fixing can be carried out in a completely traditional way by a fixing nut 109 mounted rotatably on the nozzle body.
• Figure 7 which is similar to Figure 1, illustrates a variant of the previous nozzle, in which filter elements are further provided to retain the impurities carried by the gases during the operation of the torch and thus avoid clogging of the through element.
• the torch nozzle illustrated in FIG. 7 differs from the previous one only by the presence of two filter elements 121, 122, which are arranged in front of the inlet orifices 104, 106 of the axial gas supply channels 103.
• two filter elements 121, 122 are each provided in the form of a ring porous.
• the presence of such filter elements is particularly advantageous insofar as the sintered metal has the disadvantage of retaining the impurities conveyed by the gases, from which there arises a risk of clogging which can impair the proper functioning of the nozzle.
• porous rings 121, 122 may also be glued to the nozzle body, or simply wedged in the associated distribution grooves of said nozzle body.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Gas Burners (AREA)
• Nozzles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=9437264

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (6)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1992
  • 1992-12-30 FR FR9215902A patent/FR2699988B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1993
  • 1993-12-28 WO PCT/FR1993/001305 patent/WO1994016270A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1993-12-28 CA CA 2152397 patent/CA2152397A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1993-12-28 DE DE69303915T patent/DE69303915T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-12-28 EP EP94902864A patent/EP0676024B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-12-28 AU AU57041/94A patent/AU5704194A/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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