EP0670106B1 - Self-propelled combine harvester - Google Patents

Self-propelled combine harvester Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0670106B1
EP0670106B1 EP94114123A EP94114123A EP0670106B1 EP 0670106 B1 EP0670106 B1 EP 0670106B1 EP 94114123 A EP94114123 A EP 94114123A EP 94114123 A EP94114123 A EP 94114123A EP 0670106 B1 EP0670106 B1 EP 0670106B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
harvester according
region
conveying
straw
arranged below
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP94114123A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0670106A1 (en
Inventor
Lothar Dr.-Ing. Voss
Christian Dipl.-Ing. Noack
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Eckert
Volker Dipl.-Ing. Windisch
Wolf-Carsten Dipl.-Ing. Löbel
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Case Harvesting Systems GmbH
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Case Harvesting Systems GmbH
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D41/00Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
    • A01D41/02Self-propelled combines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D41/00Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
    • A01D41/12Details of combines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01FPROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/44Grain cleaners; Grain separators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-propelled combine harvester with a cutting device, a threshing device and a grain addition separating device.
  • Combine harvesters of this type which operate according to the axial or tangential threshing method and which are equipped with rotating or oscillating screen cleaners are already known in various designs.
  • DE 40 23 894 A1 there is an axial flow combine with threshing and Separating drums and with a cleaning device connected to them shown in which the threshing and separating drums between the cutting unit and the cleaning device in are arranged in a housing that with the machine frame in the vertical plane pivotally connected and in the area between the front wheels is arranged.
  • the discharge area of the Threshing and separating drums are discharge openings on the side attached for the straw.
  • Below the threshing and separating drums there are several screw conveyors arranged up to extend into the area of the cleaning device. The disconnect of the short grain straw mixture takes place in a rotating cleaning device.
  • the performance of this combine is determined by the possible Throughput of the threshing and separating drums as well as through the used rotating cleaning device determined. There one further increase in performance is not possible, this can Threshing and separating principle only for combine harvesters with a medium one Throughput can be used.
  • the invention has for its object by an advantageous Design and arrangement of the threshing device and the grain-straw separator a high-performance combine harvester and a compact design while maintaining the permissible dimensions for traffic on public roads develop.
  • a central screw conveyor running transversely to the direction of travel and having a conveyor fan.
  • a delivery duct connects to the discharge opening of the delivery fan and opens into the classifying room.
  • a vibrating sieve plate and two return plates located underneath are arranged in the lower area.
  • a grain tank is arranged above the area of the classifying chamber and a grain addition sieve device with flat or rotating sieves is arranged below.
  • the drum separator arranged below the delivery area of the threshing device transversely to the direction of travel consists of a driven drum with conveyor strips attached to the circumference. The drum is surrounded in the upper area by a closed semi-cylindrical cover with coiled conveyor ribs and in the lower area by a separating basket.
  • the conveying ribs are arranged so that the straw can be conveyed from the center to the two lateral ends after several revolving movements around the drum.
  • Chopping devices are arranged at both ends of the drum separator.
  • Ejection channels are connected to the chopping devices.
  • Rotating straw distributors are arranged below the discharge channels.
  • the chassis of the combine is preferably provided with a swinging front axle with steerable front wheels and a rear axle rigidly attached to the machine frame.
  • An all-wheel drive can be activated for the field trip and only one drive for the front or rear wheels is provided for the road trip.
  • the solution according to the invention creates a combine harvester with high performance and a compact design.
  • the advantageous design and arrangement of the functional modules enables compliance with the permissible external dimensions for traffic on public roads. All conveyor systems for the harvested crop perform work tasks at the same time. This saves installation space that is used for the arrangement of new functional devices and for the enlargement of the grain tank. Since the threshing device is directly connected to the cutting unit, the threshing process is terminated early and the straw is released onto the field soil, so that the following grain separating devices are not loaded with the straw and the effectiveness of these devices is thereby increased.
  • the separate air-flow classifier room also contributes to the increase in performance, in which the crop mix undergoes an intensive screening process and a large part of the light admixture components are removed from the combine harvester before the screening device. This considerably relieves the strain on the screening device and increases the degree of purity of the separated grains.
  • the crop arrives from the cutting device 1 via a straw conveyor screw 2 directly to the threshing device, which consists of two threshing and separating drums 3, 4 arranged lengthways to the direction of travel. These are arranged in a common housing 5, which is pivotally connected to the machine frame 7 about an axis 6. Axis 6 is also the input shaft for the drive gear for threshing and separating drums 3, 4. The cutting unit 1 is detachably connected to the housing 5. The cutting unit 1 is raised and lowered via hydraulic working cylinders which are arranged between the machine frame 7 and the housing 5.
  • the harvesting of the crop and the separation of the individual components takes place in the area of the threshing and separating drums 3, 4 in the course of the conveying movement between the threshing bars and the threshing and separating baskets 8, 9 in an annular channel 10.
  • Mixture passes in collecting screws 11 arranged below the threshing and separating baskets 8, 9 at the discharge end via a baffle plate 12 to a central screw conveyor 13 which runs transverse to the direction of travel.
  • a conveyor blower 14 is arranged between the two halves of the screw conveyor 13 which convey to the center and which directs the crop mixture fed in the axial direction into a conveyor channel 15 in the tangential direction and feeds it to a classifying chamber 16.
  • the split screw conveyor 13 the crop mix also from the middle to the two ends convey and via conveyor blowers arranged at the outer ends and subsequent individual funding channels direct the common classifier room 16.
  • the separate classifier room 16 is arranged in the area below the grain tank 17. His upper limit is directly through the bottom wall 18 of the grain tank 17 formed. In its lower area are a vibratory Sieve tray 19 and two return trays located underneath 20, 21 arranged. Above the sieve plate 19 takes place in the free air flow through the viewing process.
  • the grains settle as a result of the reduced air speed and the heavier short straw parts in the spacious and after from the rear open sifter chamber 16 on the sieve tray 19.
  • the grains and smaller admixtures pass through the openings in the sieve plate 19 through to the underlying obliquely inclined Return floors 20, 21 and from these to a known one Screening device which is arranged underneath.
  • the screening device consists of a blower 22 with air outlet duct 23 and two top screens 24, 25 and a bottom screen 26. Likewise it is possible instead of vibrating flat seven one use a rotating sieve.
  • the chaff is made by the Air flow from the delivery fan 14 out of the classifying chamber 16 discharged on the back of the already deposited straw swath.
  • Drum separator 33 lying in the direction of travel. It exists from a driven drum 34 attached to the circumference Conveyor bars.
  • the drum 34 is in the upper area surrounded by a closed semi-cylindrical cover 35 the inside of which are arranged coiled conveyor ribs 36.
  • in the lower region is the drum 34 of a separating basket 37 enclosed.
  • Below the separating basket 37 is a sloping one Guide plate 38 arranged for the separated residual grains, that extends to the feed area of the screw conveyor 13.
  • the straw comes from the two threshing and separating drums 3.4 in two separate streams of material via a screen plate 39 the inlet opening of the drum separator 33.
  • the still in Grains located in straw are separated on the sieve plate 39 and get into the screw conveyor 13 arranged below, which the conveying fan 14 leads. That in the tangential direction in the Gap between the rotating drum 34 and the separator basket 37 of the drum separator 33 is inserted straw on the surface the drum 34 by the action of the conveying ribs 36 the cover 35 and the conveyor strips on the drum 34 several orbital movements from the center to both lateral Conveyed ends at which chopping devices 40, 41 are arranged are. For this purpose the drum 34 is in these areas provided with chopping knives 42.
  • the chopping devices 40, 41 can be part of the drum separator 33 or as an independent Assemblies are designed with their own drive.
  • drum separator 33 can also be omitted and the straw after the threshing device via a free passage opening be delivered directly to the field floor.
  • the chassis of the combine is preferably a pendulum Front axle 47 with steerable front wheels 48, 49 and one rigidly attached to the machine frame 7 rear axle 50 with non-steerable Rear wheels 51, 52 provided.
  • the wheel drive takes place mechanically or hydrostatically via the drive motor 53. While when driving a four-wheel drive can be switched on only the front wheels 48, 49 or rear wheels 51, 52 during road travel driven. This drive concept is used in the field achieved a favorable power transmission on the floor and on the road enables high transport speeds.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen selbstfahrenden Mähdrescher mit einem Schneidwerk, einer Drescheinrichtung und einer Korn-Beimengungs-Trenneinrichtung.
Derartige Mähdrescher, die nach dem Axial- oder Tangentialdreschverfahren arbeiten und die mit rotierenden oder schwingenden Siebreinigungen ausgerüstet sind, sind bereits in verschiedenen Ausführungen bekannt.
The invention relates to a self-propelled combine harvester with a cutting device, a threshing device and a grain addition separating device.
Combine harvesters of this type which operate according to the axial or tangential threshing method and which are equipped with rotating or oscillating screen cleaners are already known in various designs.

So ist beispielsweise in der DE 40 23 894 A1 ein Axialflußmähdrescher mit längs zur Fahrtrichtung angeordneten Dresch- und Trenntrommeln sowie mit einer sich daran anschließenden Reinigungseinrichtung dargestellt, bei dem die Dresch- und Trenntrommeln zwischen dem Schneidwerk und der Reinigungseinrichtung in einem Gehäuse angeordnet sind, das mit dem Maschinenrahmen in der vertikalen Ebene schwenkbar verbunden und im Bereich zwischen den Vorderrädern angeordnet ist. Im Auswurfbereich der Dresch- und Trenntrommeln sind seitlich angebrachte Abgabeöffnungen für das Stroh angebracht. Unterhalb der Dresch- und Trenntrommeln sind mehrere Förderschnecken angeordnet, die sich bis in den Bereich der Reinigungseinrichtung erstrecken. Das Trennen des Korn-Kurzstroh-Gemisches erfolgt in einer rotierenden Reinigungseinrichtung.For example, in DE 40 23 894 A1 there is an axial flow combine with threshing and Separating drums and with a cleaning device connected to them shown in which the threshing and separating drums between the cutting unit and the cleaning device in are arranged in a housing that with the machine frame in the vertical plane pivotally connected and in the area between the front wheels is arranged. In the discharge area of the Threshing and separating drums are discharge openings on the side attached for the straw. Below the threshing and separating drums there are several screw conveyors arranged up to extend into the area of the cleaning device. The disconnect of the short grain straw mixture takes place in a rotating cleaning device.

Die Leistungsfähigkeit dieses Mähdreschers wird durch den möglichen Durchsatz der Dresch- und Trenntrommeln sowie durch die verwendete rotierende Reinigungseinrichtung bestimmt. Da eine weitere Leistungssteigerung damit nicht möglich ist, kann dieses Dresch- und Trennprinzip nur für Mähdrescher mit einer mittleren Durchsatzleistung verwendet werden.The performance of this combine is determined by the possible Throughput of the threshing and separating drums as well as through the used rotating cleaning device determined. There one further increase in performance is not possible, this can Threshing and separating principle only for combine harvesters with a medium one Throughput can be used.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, durch eine vorteilhafte Ausführung und Anordnung der Drescheinrichtung sowie der Korn-Stroh-Trenneinrichtung einen Mähdrescher mit einer hohen Leistungsfähigkeit und einer kompakten Bauweise bei Einhaltung der zulässigen Abmessungen beim Verkehr auf öffentlichen Straßen zu entwickeln. The invention has for its object by an advantageous Design and arrangement of the threshing device and the grain-straw separator a high-performance combine harvester and a compact design while maintaining the permissible dimensions for traffic on public roads develop.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch folgende Merkmale gelöst:

  • a) die Drescheinrichtung ist in einem schwenkbaren Gehäuse angeordnet, das sich unmittelbar an das Schneidwerk anschließt und mit diesem lösbar verbunden ist,
  • b) unterhalb des abgabeseitigen Abscheidebereiches der Drescheinrichtung ist eine pneumatische Fördereinrichtung angeordnet,
  • c) an den Auswurfbereich der pneumatischen Fördereinrichtung schließt sich ein luftdurchströmter Sichterraum an,
  • d) unterhalb des Sichterraumes ist eine Siebeinrichtung angeordnet,
  • e) unterhalb des Abgabebereiches der Drescheinrichtung ist, für das Stroh ein Trommelseparator oder eine freie Durchtrittsöffnung zum Feldboden angeordnet.
  • This is solved according to the invention by the following features:
  • a) the threshing device is arranged in a pivotable housing which connects directly to the cutting unit and is detachably connected to it,
  • b) a pneumatic conveying device is arranged below the discharge area of the threshing device on the delivery side,
  • c) the discharge area of the pneumatic conveying device is adjoined by an air-flow classifier area,
  • d) a screening device is arranged below the classifying area,
  • e) a drum separator or a free passage opening to the field floor is arranged for the straw below the delivery area of the threshing device.
  • Nach weiteren Merkmalen der Erfindung ist unterhalb des abgabeseitigen Abscheidebereiches der Drescheinrichtung eine quer zur Fahrtrichtung verlaufende, mittig geteilte Förderschnecke mit einem Fördergebläse angeordnet. An die Auswurföffnung des Fördergebläses schließt sich ein Förderkanal an, der in den Sichterraum mündet. In dem nach hinten offenen Sichterraum sind im unteren Bereich ein schwingbeweglicher Siebboden und zwei darunter befindliche Rücklaufböden angeordnet. Oberhalb des Bereiches des Sichterraumes ist ein Korntank und unterhalb eine Korn-Beimengungs-Siebeinrichtung mit ebenen oder rotierenden Sieben angeordnet. Der unterhalb des Abgabebereiches der Drescheinrichtung quer zur Fahrtrichtung angeordnete Trommelseparator besteht aus einer angetriebenen Trommel mit am Umfang angebrachten Förderleisten.
    Die Trommel ist im oberen Bereich von einer geschlossenen halbzylindrischen Abdeckung mit gewendelten Förderrippen und im unteren Bereich von einem Abscheidekorb umgeben.
    According to further features of the invention, below the discharge-side separation area of the threshing device there is a central screw conveyor running transversely to the direction of travel and having a conveyor fan. A delivery duct connects to the discharge opening of the delivery fan and opens into the classifying room. In the sifter room, which is open to the rear, a vibrating sieve plate and two return plates located underneath are arranged in the lower area. A grain tank is arranged above the area of the classifying chamber and a grain addition sieve device with flat or rotating sieves is arranged below. The drum separator arranged below the delivery area of the threshing device transversely to the direction of travel consists of a driven drum with conveyor strips attached to the circumference.
    The drum is surrounded in the upper area by a closed semi-cylindrical cover with coiled conveyor ribs and in the lower area by a separating basket.

    Die Förderrippen sind so angeordnet, daß das Stroh nach mehreren Umlaufbewegungen um die Trommel von der Mitte aus nach beiden seitlichen Enden förderbar ist. An beiden Enden des Trommelseparators sind Häckseleinrichtungen angeordnet. An die Häckseleinrichtungen schließen sich Auswurfkanäle an. Unterhalb der Auswurfkanäle sind rotierende Strohverteiler angeordnet.
    Das Fahrwerk des Mähdreschers ist vorzugsweise mit einer pendelnden Vorderachse mit lenkbaren Vorderrädern und einer starr am Maschinenrahmen befestigten Hinterachse versehen. Für die Feldfahrt ist ein Allradantrieb zuschaltbar und für die Straßenfahrt nur ein Antrieb der Vorderräder oder Hinterräder vorgesehen.
    The conveying ribs are arranged so that the straw can be conveyed from the center to the two lateral ends after several revolving movements around the drum. Chopping devices are arranged at both ends of the drum separator. Ejection channels are connected to the chopping devices. Rotating straw distributors are arranged below the discharge channels.
    The chassis of the combine is preferably provided with a swinging front axle with steerable front wheels and a rear axle rigidly attached to the machine frame. An all-wheel drive can be activated for the field trip and only one drive for the front or rear wheels is provided for the road trip.

    Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung wird ein Mähdrescher mit einer hohen Leistungsfähigkeit und einer kompakten Bauweise geschaffen.
    Die vorteilhafte Ausbildung und Anordnung der Funktionsbaugruppen ermöglicht die Einhaltung der zulässigen Außenabmessungen beim Verkehr auf öffentlichen Straßen. Sämtliche Fördereinrichtungen für das Erntegut erfüllen gleichzeitig Arbeitsaufgaben. Dadurch wird Bauraum eingespart, der für die Anordnung von neuen Funktionseinrichtungen und für die Vergrößerung des Korntanks verwendet wird. Da sich die Drescheinrichtung unmittelbar an das Schneidwerk anschließt, wird der Dreschvorgang frühzeitig beendet und das Stroh auf den Feldboden abgegeben, so daß keine Belastung der folgenden Korn-Trenneinrichtungen mit dem Stroh erfolgt und dadurch die Effektivität dieser Einrichtungen gesteigert wird.
    Zur Leistungssteigerung trägt ebenfalls der separate luftdurchströmte Sichterraum bei, in dem das Erntegutgemisch einem intensiven Sichtungsvorgang unterzogen und ein Großteil der leichten Beimengungsbestandteile schon vor der Siebeinrichtung aus dem Mähdrescher entfernt wird. Dadurch wird die Siebeinrichtung wesentlich entlastet und der Reinheitsgrad der abgeschiedenen Körner erhöht.
    The solution according to the invention creates a combine harvester with high performance and a compact design.
    The advantageous design and arrangement of the functional modules enables compliance with the permissible external dimensions for traffic on public roads. All conveyor systems for the harvested crop perform work tasks at the same time. This saves installation space that is used for the arrangement of new functional devices and for the enlargement of the grain tank. Since the threshing device is directly connected to the cutting unit, the threshing process is terminated early and the straw is released onto the field soil, so that the following grain separating devices are not loaded with the straw and the effectiveness of these devices is thereby increased.
    The separate air-flow classifier room also contributes to the increase in performance, in which the crop mix undergoes an intensive screening process and a large part of the light admixture components are removed from the combine harvester before the screening device. This considerably relieves the strain on the screening device and increases the degree of purity of the separated grains.

    Die Erfindung wird nachstehend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel mit mehreren Varianten näher erläutert. In der zugehörigen Zeichnung zeigt

    Fig. 1
    eine schematische Darstellung eines Mähdreschers im teilweisen Längsschnitt,
    Fig. 2
    den Schnitt A-A nach Fig. 1,
    Fig. 3
    den Schnitt B-B nach Fig. 1.
    The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment with several variants. In the accompanying drawing shows
    Fig. 1
    1 shows a schematic illustration of a combine harvester in partial longitudinal section,
    Fig. 2
    the section AA of FIG. 1,
    Fig. 3
    the section BB of FIG. 1st

    Bei dem in der Zeichnung dargestellten Axialflußmähdrescher gelangt das Erntegut vom Schneidwerk 1 über eine Halmförderschnecke 2 direkt zu der Drescheinrichtung, die aus zwei längs zur Fahrtrichtung angeordneten Dresch- und Trenntrommeln 3,4 besteht.
    Diese sind in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse 5 angeordnet, das um eine Achse 6 schwenkbar mit dem Maschinenrahmen 7 verbunden ist. Die Achse 6 ist zugleich die Eingangswelle für das Antriebsgetriebe für die Dresch- und Trenntrommeln 3,4. Das Schneidwerk 1 ist mit dem Gehäuse 5 lösbar verbunden. Das Heben und Senken des Schneidwerks 1 erfolgt über hydraulische Arbeitszylinder, die zwischen dem Maschinenrahmen 7 und dem Gehäuse 5 angeordnet sind. Das Ausdreschen des Erntegutes und das Trennen der einzelnen Bestandteile geschieht im Bereich der Dresch- und Trenntrommeln 3,4 im Verlauf der Förderbewegung zwischen den Dreschleisten und den Dresch- und Trennkörben 8,9 in einem Ringkanal 10. Das abgeschiedene Korn-Spreu-Kurzstroh-Gemisch gelangt in unterhalb von den Dresch- und Trennkörben 8,9 angeordneten Sammelschnecken 11 am abgabeseitigen Ende über ein Leitblech 12 zu einer quer zur Fahrtrichtung verlaufenden, mittig geteilten Förderschnecke 13.
    Zwischen den beiden zur Mitte fördernden Hälften der Förderschnecke 13 ist ein Fördergebläse 14 angeordnet, das das in axialer Richtung zugeführte Erntegemisch in tangentialer Richtung in einen Förderkanal 15 leitet und über diesen einem Sichterraum 16 zuführt.
    In the axial flow combine shown in the drawing, the crop arrives from the cutting device 1 via a straw conveyor screw 2 directly to the threshing device, which consists of two threshing and separating drums 3, 4 arranged lengthways to the direction of travel.
    These are arranged in a common housing 5, which is pivotally connected to the machine frame 7 about an axis 6. Axis 6 is also the input shaft for the drive gear for threshing and separating drums 3, 4. The cutting unit 1 is detachably connected to the housing 5. The cutting unit 1 is raised and lowered via hydraulic working cylinders which are arranged between the machine frame 7 and the housing 5. The harvesting of the crop and the separation of the individual components takes place in the area of the threshing and separating drums 3, 4 in the course of the conveying movement between the threshing bars and the threshing and separating baskets 8, 9 in an annular channel 10. Mixture passes in collecting screws 11 arranged below the threshing and separating baskets 8, 9 at the discharge end via a baffle plate 12 to a central screw conveyor 13 which runs transverse to the direction of travel.
    A conveyor blower 14 is arranged between the two halves of the screw conveyor 13 which convey to the center and which directs the crop mixture fed in the axial direction into a conveyor channel 15 in the tangential direction and feeds it to a classifying chamber 16.

    Nach einer anderen Variante kann die geteilte Förderschnecke 13 das Erntegutgemisch auch von der Mitte aus zu den beiden Enden fördern und über jeweils an den äußeren Enden angeordnete Fördergebläse und sich daran anschließende einzelne Förderkanäle zu dem gemeinsamen Sichterraum 16 leiten. Der separate Sichterraum 16 ist im Bereich unterhalb des Korntanks 17 angeordnet. Seine obere Begrenzung wird direkt durch die Bodenwand 18 des Korntanks 17 gebildet. In seinem unteren Bereich sind ein schwingbeweglicher Siebboden 19 und zwei darunter befindliche Rücklaufböden 20, 21 angeordnet. Oberhalb des Siebbodens 19 erfolgt in dem freien luftdurchströmten Raum der Sichtvorgang.According to another variant, the split screw conveyor 13 the crop mix also from the middle to the two ends convey and via conveyor blowers arranged at the outer ends and subsequent individual funding channels direct the common classifier room 16. The separate classifier room 16 is arranged in the area below the grain tank 17. His upper limit is directly through the bottom wall 18 of the grain tank 17 formed. In its lower area are a vibratory Sieve tray 19 and two return trays located underneath 20, 21 arranged. Above the sieve plate 19 takes place in the free air flow through the viewing process.

    Infolge der verringerten Luftgeschwindigkeit setzen sich die Körner und die schwereren Kurzstrohteile in dem großräumigen und nach hinten offenen Sichterraum 16 auf dem Siebboden 19 ab. Die Körner und kleineren Beimengungen gelangen durch die Öffnungen des Siebbodens 19 hindurch auf die darunterliegenden schräg geneigt verlaufenden Rücklaufböden 20, 21 und von diesen zu einer bekannten Siebeinrichtung, die darunter angeordnet ist. Die Siebeinrichtung besteht aus einem Gebläse 22 mit Luftaustrittskanal 23 und aus zwei Obersieben 24, 25 sowie aus einem Untersieb 26. Ebenso ist es möglich, anstelle von schwingbeweglichen ebenen Sieben eine rotierende Siebeinrichtung einzusetzen. Die Spreu wird durch die Luftströmung des Fördergebläses 14 aus dem Sichterraum 16 nach hinten auf den bereits abgelegten Strohschwad ausgetragen. Durch diese Ablageart ist es möglich, auch die auf dem Stroh obenliegenden kleinen Bestandteile, wie die Spreu und Unkrautsamen in einem gemeinsamen Schwad vom Feldboden aufzunehmen. Die an der Siebeinrichtung abgeschiedenen Körner gelangen über eine Körnerschnecke 27 und einen sich daran anschließenden Elevator 28 zu einer Füllschnecke 29 und über diese in den Korntank 17. Der großvolumig ausgebildete Korntank 17 ist über eine schwenkbare Abtankschnecke 30 entleerbar. Das am Endbereich des Obersiebes 25 abgeschiedene Gutgemisch wird über eine Förderschnecke 31 und einen Elevator 32 zum Siebboden 19 gefördert und auf diesem zum nochmaligen Trennvorgang abgegeben. The grains settle as a result of the reduced air speed and the heavier short straw parts in the spacious and after from the rear open sifter chamber 16 on the sieve tray 19. The grains and smaller admixtures pass through the openings in the sieve plate 19 through to the underlying obliquely inclined Return floors 20, 21 and from these to a known one Screening device which is arranged underneath. The screening device consists of a blower 22 with air outlet duct 23 and two top screens 24, 25 and a bottom screen 26. Likewise it is possible instead of vibrating flat seven one use a rotating sieve. The chaff is made by the Air flow from the delivery fan 14 out of the classifying chamber 16 discharged on the back of the already deposited straw swath. By this type of storage is possible, even those on top of the straw small ingredients, like the chaff and weed seeds in to collect a common swath from the field floor. The on the Screened grains pass through a grain screw 27 and an adjoining elevator 28 a filling screw 29 and over this into the grain tank 17. Der large-sized grain tank 17 is pivotable Abtankschnecke 30 emptied. That at the end of the top sieve 25 separated good mixture is 31 via a screw conveyor and an elevator 32 is conveyed to and on the sieve tray 19 submitted to the repeated separation process.

    Unterhalb des Abgabebereiches der Drescheinrichtung ist für das aus den beiden Ringkanälen 10 aus tretende Stroh ein quer zur Fahrtrichtung liegender Trommelseparator 33 angeordnet. Er besteht aus einer angetriebenen Trommel 34 mit am Umfang angebrachten Förderleisten. Die Trommel 34 ist im oberen Bereich mit einer geschlossenen halbzylindrischen Abdeckung 35 umgeben, an deren Innenseite gewendelte Förderrippen 36 angeordnet sind. Im unteren Bereich ist die Trommel 34 von einem Abscheidekorb 37 umschlossen. Unterhalb des Abscheidekorbes 37 ist ein schräg verlaufendes Leitblech 38 für die abgeschiedenen Restkörner angeordnet, das bis zum Einzugsbereich der Förderschnecke 13 reicht.Below the delivery area of the threshing device is for the from the two ring channels 10 of stepping straw across to Drum separator 33 lying in the direction of travel. It exists from a driven drum 34 attached to the circumference Conveyor bars. The drum 34 is in the upper area surrounded by a closed semi-cylindrical cover 35 the inside of which are arranged coiled conveyor ribs 36. in the the lower region is the drum 34 of a separating basket 37 enclosed. Below the separating basket 37 is a sloping one Guide plate 38 arranged for the separated residual grains, that extends to the feed area of the screw conveyor 13.

    Das Stroh gelangt von den beiden Dresch- und Trenntrommeln 3,4 in zwei voneinander getrennten Gutströmen über ein Siebblech 39 zu der Einlauföffnung des Trommelseparators 33. Die sich noch im Stroh befindenden Körner werden am Siebblech 39 abgeschieden und gelangen in die darunter angeordnete Förderschnecke 13, die zu dem Fördergebläse 14 führt. Das in tangentialer Richtung in den Spalt zwischen der rotierenden Trommel 34 und dem Abscheidekorb 37 des Trommelseparators 33 eingeführte Stroh wird an der Oberfläche der Trommel 34 durch die Wirkung der Förderrippen 36 an der Abdeckung 35 und der Förderleisten an der Trommel 34 nach mehreren Umlaufbewegungen von der Mitte aus nach beiden seitlichen Enden gefördert, an denen Häckseleinrichtungen 40,41 angeordnet sind. Zu diesem Zweck ist die Trommel 34 in diesen Bereichen mit Häckselmessern 42 versehen. In axialer Verlängerung des Abscheidekorbes 37 sind an schwenkbaren Klappen Gegenschneiden befestigt, die mit den Häckselmessern 42 zusammenwirken. Das gehäckselte Stroh gelangt in tangentialer Richtung über sich an die Häckseleinrichtungen 40, 41 anschließende Auswurfkanäle 43,44 auf darunter angeordnete rotierende Strohverteiler 45, 46, die das Stroh entsprechend der Drehrichtung zur Mitte fördern und dort in einem Schwad auf dem Feld ablegen oder nach beiden Seiten neben dem Mähdrescher großflächig verteilen. The straw comes from the two threshing and separating drums 3.4 in two separate streams of material via a screen plate 39 the inlet opening of the drum separator 33. The still in Grains located in straw are separated on the sieve plate 39 and get into the screw conveyor 13 arranged below, which the conveying fan 14 leads. That in the tangential direction in the Gap between the rotating drum 34 and the separator basket 37 of the drum separator 33 is inserted straw on the surface the drum 34 by the action of the conveying ribs 36 the cover 35 and the conveyor strips on the drum 34 several orbital movements from the center to both lateral Conveyed ends at which chopping devices 40, 41 are arranged are. For this purpose the drum 34 is in these areas provided with chopping knives 42. In axial extension of the separating basket 37 are counter-blades on pivotable flaps attached, which cooperate with the chopping knives 42. The chopped straw arrives above itself in the tangential direction the chopping devices 40, 41 adjoining discharge channels 43, 44 to rotating straw distributors 45, 46 arranged underneath, the convey the straw towards the center according to the direction of rotation and place there in a swath on the field or on both sides Spread over a large area next to the combine.

    Sofern das Stroh nicht gehäckselt werden soll, werden die Klappen mit den Gegenschneiden aus dem Wirkungsbereich der Häckselmesser 42 weggeschwenkt. Dadurch fällt das Stroh ungehäckselt auf die Strohverteiler 45, 46. Die Häckseleinrichtungen 40, 41 können ein Bestandteil des Trommelseparators 33 sein oder als selbständige Baugruppen mit einem eigenen Antrieb ausgebildet sein.If the straw is not to be chopped, the flaps are with the shearbars from the range of the chopping knife 42 pivoted away. As a result, the straw falls uncrushed on the Straw spreaders 45, 46. The chopping devices 40, 41 can be part of the drum separator 33 or as an independent Assemblies are designed with their own drive.

    Bei Mähdreschern mit einer geringeren Leistungsfähigkeit oder bei der ständigen Ernte von Halmfrüchten mit einem niedrigen Strohanteil kann der Trommelseparator 33 auch entfallen und das Stroh nach der Drescheinrichtung über eine freie Durchtrittsöffnung direkt auf den Feldboden abgegeben werden.For combine harvesters with a lower performance or at the constant harvest of straw crops with a low straw content the drum separator 33 can also be omitted and the straw after the threshing device via a free passage opening be delivered directly to the field floor.

    Das Fahrwerk des Mähdreschers ist vorzugsweise mit einer pendelnden Vorderachse 47 mit lenkbaren Vorderrädern 48, 49 und einer starr am Maschinenrahmen 7 befestigten Hinterachse 50 mit nichtlenkbaren Hinterrädern 51, 52 versehen. Der Radantrieb erfolgt mechanisch oder hydrostatisch über den Antriebsmotor 53. Während bei der Feldfahrt ein Allradantrieb zuschaltbar ist, werden bei der Staßenfahrt nur die Vorderräder 48, 49 oder Hinterräder 51,52 angetrieben. Durch diese Antriebskonzeption wird auf dem Feld eine günstige Kraftübertragung auf dem Boden erreicht und auf der Straße hohe Transportgeschwindigkeiten ermöglicht. The chassis of the combine is preferably a pendulum Front axle 47 with steerable front wheels 48, 49 and one rigidly attached to the machine frame 7 rear axle 50 with non-steerable Rear wheels 51, 52 provided. The wheel drive takes place mechanically or hydrostatically via the drive motor 53. While when driving a four-wheel drive can be switched on only the front wheels 48, 49 or rear wheels 51, 52 during road travel driven. This drive concept is used in the field achieved a favorable power transmission on the floor and on the road enables high transport speeds.

    BezugszeichenaufstellungList of reference symbols

    11
    SchneidwerkCutting unit
    22nd
    HalmförderschneckeCrop conveyor screw
    3,43.4
    Dresch- und TrenntrommelnThreshing and separating drums
    55
    Gehäusecasing
    66
    Achseaxis
    77
    MaschinenrahmenMachine frame
    8,98.9
    Dresch- und TrennkörbeThreshing and separating baskets
    1010th
    RingkanalRing channel
    1111
    SammelschneckeCollecting screw
    1212th
    LeitblechBaffle
    1313
    FörderschneckeAuger
    1414
    FördergebläseConveyor blower
    1515
    FörderkanalConveyor channel
    1616
    SichterraumClassifier room
    1717th
    KorntankGrain tank
    1818th
    BodenwandBottom wall
    1919th
    SiebbodenSieve bottom
    20,2120.21
    RücklaufbödenReturn floors
    2222
    Gebläsefan
    2323
    LuftaustrittskanalAir outlet duct
    24,2524.25
    ObersiebTop sieve
    2626
    UntersiebBottom sieve
    2727
    KörnerschneckeGrain snail
    2828
    ElevatorElevator
    2929
    FüllschneckeFilling screw
    3030th
    AbtankschneckeAbtankschnecke
    3131
    FörderschneckeAuger
    3232
    ElevatorElevator
    3333
    TrommelseparatorDrum separator
    3434
    Trommeldrum
    3535
    Abdeckung cover
    3636
    FörderrippenRibs
    3737
    AbscheidekorbSeparation basket
    3838
    LeitblechBaffle
    3939
    SiebblechScreen plate
    40,4140.41
    HäckseleinrichtungChopping device
    4242
    HäckselmesserChopping knife
    43,4443.44
    AuswurfkanäleEjection channels
    45,4645.46
    StrohverteilerStraw distributor
    4747
    VorderachseFront axle
    48,4948.49
    VorderräderFront wheels
    5050
    HinterachseRear axle
    51,5251.52
    HinterräderRear wheels
    5353
    AntriebsmotorDrive motor

    Claims (11)

    1. Automotive harvester with a cutting mechanism (1), a threshing device and a grain/straw mixture-separating device, wherein the threshing device is arranged in a pivotable housing (5) which directly adjoins the cutting mechanism (1) and is detachably connected therewith, characterised by the following features.
      a) a pneumatic conveying device is arranged below the separating region, which is at the delivery side, of the threshing device,
      b) a sifting chamber (16) flowed through by air adjoins the discharge region of the pneumatic conveying device,
      c) a sieve device is arranged below the sifting chamber (16) and
      d) a drum separator (33) for the straw or a free passage opening for the field soil is arranged below the delivery region of the threshing device.
    2. Automotive harvester according to claim 1, characterised in that a centrally divided conveying worm (13), which extends transversely to the travel direction, with a conveying blower (14) is arranged below the separating region, which is at the delivery side, of the threshing device.
    3. Automotive harvester according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that a conveying channel (15), which opens into the sitting chamber (16), adjoins the discharge opening of the conveying blower (14).
    4. Automotive harvester according to claims 1 to 3, characterised in that an oscillatingly movable sieve base (19) and two return movement bases (20, 21) disposed thereunder are arranged in the rearwardly open sitting chamber (16) in the lower region.
    5. Automotive harvester according to claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a grain tank (17) is arranged above the region of the sifting chamber (16) and a grain mixture sieving device with flat or rotating sieves is arranged below the region of the sifting chamber (16).
    6. Automotive harvester according to claim 1, characterised in that the drum separator (33), which is arranged below the delivery region of the threshing device transversely to the travel direction, consists of a driven drum (34) with conveying strips, which are mounted at the circumference and which are enclosed in the upper region by a closed semi-cylindrical cover (35) with coiled conveying ribs (36) and in the lower region by a separating basket (37).
    7. Automotive harvester according to claims 1 and 6, characterised in that the conveying ribs (36) are so arranged that the straw can be conveyed, after several circulations around the drum (34), from the middle out to both lateral ends.
    8. Automotive harvester according to claims 1, 6 and 7, characterised in that chopping devices (40, 41) are arranged at both ends of the drum separator (33).
    9. Automotive harvester according to claims 1 and 7, characterised in that discharge channels (43, 44) adjoin the chopping devices (40, 41) and that rotating straw distributors (45, 46) are arranged below the discharge channels (43, 44).
    10. Automotive harvester according to claim 1, characterised in that the chassis is provided with a swinging front axle (47) with steerable front wheels (48, 49) and a rear axle (50) rigidly fixed to the machine frame (7).
    11. Automotive harvester according to claims 1 and 10, characterised in that an all-wheel drive can be switched on for field travel and only a drive of the front wheels (48, 49) or rear wheels (51, 52) is provided for road travel.
    EP94114123A 1994-02-19 1994-09-08 Self-propelled combine harvester Expired - Lifetime EP0670106B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE4405337A DE4405337A1 (en) 1994-02-19 1994-02-19 Self-propelled combine
    DE4405337 1994-02-19

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0670106A1 EP0670106A1 (en) 1995-09-06
    EP0670106B1 true EP0670106B1 (en) 1999-06-16

    Family

    ID=6510657

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP94114123A Expired - Lifetime EP0670106B1 (en) 1994-02-19 1994-09-08 Self-propelled combine harvester

    Country Status (4)

    Country Link
    US (1) US5519987A (en)
    EP (1) EP0670106B1 (en)
    DE (2) DE4405337A1 (en)
    RU (1) RU2127507C1 (en)

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    CN105875027A (en) * 2015-05-05 2016-08-24 大通丰收农牧科技有限公司 Broad bean combine harvester

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    EP0750834B1 (en) * 1995-06-28 2000-02-02 Case Harvesting Systems GmbH Self-propelled combine
    ITVI980113A1 (en) * 1998-06-10 1999-12-10 Giuseppe Loppoli CHOPPER-MIXER-DISTRIBUTOR WAGON FOR THE TREATMENT OF MATERIALS SUITABLE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOST
    US20080066316A1 (en) * 2006-09-15 2008-03-20 Tommy Lee Schwab Corn stripper
    US7524242B2 (en) * 2007-04-23 2009-04-28 Cobco Manufacturing, Inc. Collecting kernels of corn and cobs
    US8398469B2 (en) * 2008-07-09 2013-03-19 Deere & Company Agricultural work machine having an unloading system for unloading an agricultural product
    US8180534B2 (en) * 2008-09-18 2012-05-15 Deere & Company Multiple harvester unloading system
    WO2011113426A2 (en) * 2010-03-19 2011-09-22 Johann Rumpler Method and device for harvesting threshed crops
    US8251788B2 (en) 2010-10-30 2012-08-28 Stukenholtz Ty E Agricultural material separator
    BR112014004142B1 (en) * 2011-08-22 2019-04-24 Cnh Industrial America Llc GRAIN HARVEST WITH CLEANING SYSTEM HAVING EARLY CLEAN GRAIN EVACUATION
    CN102812823B (en) * 2012-09-07 2014-07-02 齐齐哈尔北坤农机制造有限公司 Efficient corn thresher
    CN102812824B (en) * 2012-09-07 2014-07-02 齐齐哈尔北坤农机制造有限公司 Efficient corn-threshing method
    BE1021163B1 (en) 2013-09-19 2016-01-15 Cnh Industrial Belgium Nv CUTTER WITH HIGH-CLEANING SET-UP.
    USD754758S1 (en) * 2014-11-07 2016-04-26 Joseph Alexander Shearer Combine unload auger adjustable spout attachment
    RU2709763C2 (en) * 2014-11-14 2019-12-19 СиЭнЭйч ИНДАСТРИАЛ АМЕРИКА ЭлЭлСи Agricultural harvesting machine with rotary elevator
    CN104798549A (en) * 2015-05-07 2015-07-29 民勤县成达顺圆农机具制造有限公司 Multifunctional grain separating and screening machine
    EP3340769B1 (en) * 2015-08-28 2020-01-01 CNH Industrial Belgium NV Agricultural harvester with laterally moving grain pan
    RU182483U1 (en) * 2017-08-25 2018-08-21 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Завод инновационных продуктов "КТЗ" GRAIN Pneumatic Conveyor Harvester
    DE102017125590A1 (en) * 2017-11-02 2019-05-02 Kalverkamp Innovation Gmbh Process for harvesting dried fruit and apparatus therefor for a harvester
    RU208603U1 (en) * 2021-01-12 2021-12-28 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "АПРИОРНЫЕ РЕШЕНИЯ МАШИН" Self-propelled agricultural machine

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    CN105875027B (en) * 2015-05-05 2018-08-28 大通丰收农牧科技有限公司 A kind of broad bean combine harvester

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    RU94040842A (en) 1996-09-27
    US5519987A (en) 1996-05-28
    DE4405337A1 (en) 1995-08-24
    EP0670106A1 (en) 1995-09-06
    RU2127507C1 (en) 1999-03-20
    DE59408418D1 (en) 1999-07-22

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