EP0669852B1 - Process and device for dissolving a quantity of gas in a flowing liquid quantity - Google Patents

Process and device for dissolving a quantity of gas in a flowing liquid quantity Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0669852B1
EP0669852B1 EP93920760A EP93920760A EP0669852B1 EP 0669852 B1 EP0669852 B1 EP 0669852B1 EP 93920760 A EP93920760 A EP 93920760A EP 93920760 A EP93920760 A EP 93920760A EP 0669852 B1 EP0669852 B1 EP 0669852B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
liquid
pipe
stream
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93920760A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0669852A1 (en
Inventor
Holger Grossmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Otto Tuchenhagen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Otto Tuchenhagen GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Otto Tuchenhagen GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Otto Tuchenhagen GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0669852A1 publication Critical patent/EP0669852A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0669852B1 publication Critical patent/EP0669852B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/50Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle
    • B01F25/53Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle in which the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle through a recirculation tube, into which an additional component is introduced
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/232Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/237Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media
    • B01F23/2376Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media characterised by the gas being introduced
    • B01F23/23762Carbon dioxide
    • B01F23/237621Carbon dioxide in beverages
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S261/00Gas and liquid contact apparatus
    • Y10S261/07Carbonators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S261/00Gas and liquid contact apparatus
    • Y10S261/27Gas circulated in circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for dissolving an amount of gas in a flowing amount of liquid according to the preamble of claim 1 and an arrangement for performing the method.
  • a method of the type identified in the introduction and an arrangement for carrying out the method are known from WO-A-8802276.
  • the separating device used in the known arrangement has a partition which is permeable to the bubble-free liquid and which retains the gas bubbles in the circulating liquid.
  • the procedural and fluid-mechanical requirements for the gas / liquid mass transfer are well known.
  • the gas must be supplied to the liquid, dispersed in it and distributed homogeneously over the cross-section through which the liquid flows.
  • the so-called equilibrium curve the solution equilibrium between gas and liquid, provides the maximum amount of gas that is soluble in the liquid at a given line pressure and temperature.
  • the amount of gas resulting from the solution equilibrium if it is offered to the liquid in exactly this amount, theoretically, they can only be dissolved in the liquid over an infinitely long period of time. Therefore, in practice, the solution equilibrium is generally not achieved and the choice of the changeable operating parameters ensures that there is a sufficient concentration gradient between the equilibrium concentration (also saturation concentration) and the desired and ultimately occurring actual concentration.
  • the mixture of gas and liquid supplied via the two-substance nozzle flows downward together with the two-phase mixture which is drawn in from the annular space.
  • Part of the liquid is drawn off at the lower end of the reactor.
  • the other part of the liquid flows upwards together with the gas in the annulus.
  • part of the gas degasses, while the other part together with the liquid again participates in the circulation in the reactor.
  • Loop reactors are to be understood to mean apparatuses in which at least one defined circulation of a fluid or fluidized system, which comprises the total flow, takes place. In this case, a continuous flow can be superimposed on the circulating flow, as a result of which the flow pattern of a “loop” is created. There are loop reactors with internal and external circulation.
  • a loop reactor is not particularly easy to clean or clean, particularly when used in the food and beverage industry, where it is extremely important that all areas of the reactor are cleaned biologically CIP-compliant arrangement (CIP: abbreviation for "cleaning in place”, which means “cleanable on the spot in the flow”), and on the other hand it may have to be classified as a pressure vessel that has to meet certain safety requirements, which means that it can be subject to approval or monitoring, which makes it technically complex and expensive from the outset.
  • CIP abbreviation for "cleaning in place”
  • DE 39 20 472 A1 discloses a method for the defined loading of a liquid with a gas, in which the loading process at a specific point in the flow path of the liquid is essentially ended by coalescence of the undissolved gas bubbles. Undissolved, coalesced gas bubbles are either redispersed and mixed again in the course of the flow path of the liquid to be loaded in the latter, or they are separated from the liquid.
  • the known device for carrying out the aforementioned method provides a separating device at the end of the loading section, in which a separation of undissolved gas bubbles from the liquid is achieved by centrifugal forces in the rotating liquid.
  • This separating device is a container in which the rotating liquid forms a paraboloid of revolution, over the free surface of which the undissolved gas bubbles are separated (column 4, lines 37 to 51). Because of these conditions, the separated material flow is a pure gas flow, and no further statements are made regarding its further use.
  • the object of the present invention is to increase the amount of gas which is actually soluble in a liquid under given conditions compared to known methods.
  • the arrangement for carrying out the method in the structure should be simple, flow-cleanable (CIP-capable), and its adaptation to certain practical requirements and its regulation should be as simple as possible.
  • the separation of the total flow by subjecting it to flow guidance on curved paths into a bubble-free liquid flow and a gas / liquid flow designed as a two-phase flow ensures, on the one hand, that no uncontrollable after-gassing takes place in the liquid continued from the separation point.
  • the separation is the prerequisite for the return of a partial flow.
  • the recirculated gas / liquid stream is superimposed as a recycle stream on the supplied non-gassed or fumigated liquid stream, which forms the continuous flow.
  • the recycling offers the possibility of redispersing the undissolved gas bubbles contained in the circulating stream and distributing them homogeneously in the overall stream.
  • the concentration gradient is increased at the point where the throughflow and circulation flow are brought together, and the superimposition of both flows also results in increased turbulence there.
  • the gas in the returning gas / liquid stream is at least partially redispersed in its carrier liquid before being combined with the supplied non-gassed or fumigated liquid stream (continuous flow). This measure contributes to a further improvement of the mass transfer.
  • another embodiment of the proposed method according to the invention provides that the combined gas / liquid mixture is subjected to flow guidance on curved paths and the rotational energy required for this is obtained from the energy of the flowing gas / liquid mixture is disputed, which results in a relatively simple apparatus implementation of this process step.
  • the centerpiece of the arrangement according to the invention is a separating device in which a separation of undissolved gas bubbles from the liquid is achieved by centrifugal forces in the rotating liquid, the mixing device or the solution section opening into an inlet of the separating device and, on the one hand, to an outlet of the separating device Continued pipeline section of the pipeline for the bubble-free liquid flow and, on the other hand, the return line for the remaining gas / liquid flow is connected to a head region of the separating device.
  • the gas in the gas / liquid stream to be recycled in the sense of the procedural measures already proposed above, can be at least partially and effectively effective in its carrier liquid before being combined with the supplied non-degassed or fumigated liquid stream redispersed and homogeneously distributed over the return line cross section, which serves to further improve the mass transfer.
  • the proposed arrangement can be regulated in a very simple manner by the second conveying device in the return line, so that it can be adapted very easily to changed operating conditions.
  • the separating device as a centrifugal separator, specifically in a first embodiment as a hydrocyclone, as is provided by another embodiment of the proposed arrangement, it is particularly easy to separate the total flow into a bubble-free flow and a circulation flow designed as a two-phase flow (gas / liquid flow) , but still extremely effective.
  • the return line is connected to the dip tube of the hydrocyclone.
  • the separating device When the separating device is designed as a hydrocyclone, under certain operating conditions, so-called "trombone formation" can occur, as a result of which the gas concentrating in the vortex core is partially entrained in the outlet arranged coaxially in the separating device. Special design precautions are then required in the sequence so that the gas can be retained in the separating device, at least up to a certain degree of loading of the liquid with gas, and can be discharged solely via the dip tube used to discharge the two-phase flow (gas / liquid flow).
  • the separation performance improves compared to the design of the separating device as a hydrocyclone if, as is provided by a further advantageous arrangement according to the invention, it is designed as a container into which the inlet is tangential Drain, in continuation of the direction of flow, open tangentially, and a dip tube engages a bit in the interior of the container via the discharge-side end face of a dip tube in the direction of the axis and concentrically to the lateral surface of the container, the dip tube on the other hand is connected to the return line.
  • the outlet like the inlet, is also arranged in the jacket region of the container, as a result of which the degassed liquid rotating in this region can preferably be removed.
  • the liquid rotating in the center, in the area of the container axis, and highly loaded with gas now only has the option of leaving the separating device in the form of the two-phase flow (gas / liquid flow) via the dip tube. It is essential that the immersion tube is arranged in the outlet-side area of the separating device so that the dwell time necessary for separating the gas bubbles from the jacket area into the axial area of the container is available for the gas / liquid mixture flowing through the container.
  • the second delivery device is designed as a self-priming centrifugal pump, preferably as a side channel pump is.
  • Self-priming centrifugal pumps are relatively simple in construction; they can convey both a two-phase mixture and pure gas, they are self-cleaning, they have no abrasion and therefore require little maintenance.
  • the arrangement ( Figure 1) consists of a pipe 1, which consists of the pipe sections 1a and 1b.
  • the pipe section 1a opens into a static mixing device 5, which is optionally followed by a solution section 5a.
  • the entire mixing and solution device can also consist of only one solution section 5a.
  • the static mixing device 5 can be constructed from a single static mixer or a mixing element or from a plurality of static mixers connected in series; it is referred to below as "static mixer 5".
  • the static mixer 5 or the solution section 5a are connected to an inlet 6a of a separating device 6, in which, according to the invention, the gas / liquid mixture is separated into a gas / liquid and a bubble-free liquid flow.
  • the pipeline 1 is continued behind the separating device 6 in the pipeline section 1b via an outlet 6b arranged in the foot region thereof.
  • a return line 7 is at the head region of the separating device 6 connected, which engages in the interior of the separating device 6 via an immersion tube 6c and which, on the other hand, opens into the pipeline section 1a at a second introduction point 9.
  • a gas line 3 serving the gas supply G which is led via a metering device 10, leads via an introduction point 4 into the return line 7 behind a second conveying device 8 arranged therein.
  • the introduction point 4 as provided by further configurations of the arrangement according to the invention, can also be arranged in front of or behind or at the second introduction point 9 (dash-dotted representation of the part of the gas line 3 opening at the introduction point 4). .
  • a separating device 6 designed as a cylindrical container has an inlet 6a arranged tangentially and an outlet 6b opening out tangentially from the container in continuation of the flow direction. This becomes clear in the top view of the separating device 6 (FIG. 2a).
  • wrap angle seen in a container cross-sectional plane
  • the only decisive factor is that the rotational flow in the container can flow smoothly and thus inevitably into the outlet 6b in the direction of flow. It is also irrelevant to the mode of operation of the separating device 6 whether it is arranged vertically, horizontally or in any inclined position in space with respect to its container axis.
  • An ungased amount of liquid L1 (liquid phase) is supplied via the pipe section 1a (see FIGS. 1, 2 and 2a), which is conveyed through the arrangement by means of the first conveying device 2, which can be a centrifugal pump, the amount of liquid L1 being the so-called continuous flow forms.
  • a gas quantity G (gas phase) is supplied via the gas line 3.
  • the gas flow G can be set by means of the metering device 10, which is generally designed as a throttle and control valve.
  • the gas / liquid flow G * / L2 formed as a two-phase flow is combined with the gas flow G, the entire gas fraction G + G * in the further course through the return line 7 being at least partially already in it Carrier liquid L2 can be redispersed.
  • the static mixer 5 and the solution section 5a are acted upon by the flow which is established in the return line 7.
  • the gas / liquid flow G * / L2 formed as a two-phase flow.
  • the latter forms the so-called circulation flow, which is superimposed on the flow current L1 within the pipeline 1 between the second introduction point 9 and the separation device 6.
  • a bubble-free liquid flow L1 * (liquid phase) is discharged via the outlet 6b of the separating device 6, which is connected to the pipe section 1b.
  • the second delivery device 8 Since the second delivery device 8 has to deliver both bubble-free liquid L2 and pure gas G * in addition to the two-phase flow G * / L2 under certain operating conditions, it is expediently designed as a self-priming centrifugal pump, preferably as a side channel pump. It goes without saying that the second conveying device 8 can also be substituted by another pump, such as, for example, a rotating displacement pump, in particular an impeller pump or jet pump, provided that it has the required conveying properties.
  • a rotating displacement pump such as, for example, a rotating displacement pump, in particular an impeller pump or jet pump, provided that it has the required conveying properties.
  • FIGS. 1 to 2a for carrying out the proposed method are particularly suitable for the so-called carbonization of beer.
  • Carbonation of beer refers to the enrichment of beer with CO2 gas, whereby brewery technology today demands a complete solution of a given amount of CO2 in a certain amount of beer.
  • Design criteria for such a carbonation plant are therefore firstly to ensure a certain CO2 concentration in the beer and secondly its complete and therefore bubble-free solution.

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for dissolving a quantity of gas in a flowing liquid quantity, especially for dissolving carbon dioxide in beer, in which streams of liquid and gas are brought together and the gas is dispersed in the liquid, mixed therewith and part of it is dissolved therein. The invention is intended to increase the actual quantity of gas soluble in a liquid in given conditions as against prior art processes. In addition, the device for implementing the process is to be of simple construction, cleanable in place (CIP) and its adaptation to certain practical requirements and its regulation is to be facilitated to the utmost. Technically this is achieved in that there is a separation into a bubble-free stream of liquid (L1*) and a gas/liquid stream (G*/L2) taking the form of a two-phase flow, the gas/liquid stream (G*/L2) is fed back and together with the supplied unaerated or aerated flow of liquid (L1 or L1/G) and the gas bubbles are redispersed therein. The device for implementing the process is characterised in that a return line (7) is connected to the head of the separator (6), the return line opens on the other side at a second introduction point (9) into a section (1a) of a pipe (1), there is a second conveying device (8) in the return line (7) and the introduction point (4) in the return line (7) is arranged behind the second conveying device (8) or in the pipe section (1a), i.e. in front of or behind or at the second introduction point (9).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Lösung einer Gasmenge in einer strömenden Flüssigkeitsmenge nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und eine Anordnung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for dissolving an amount of gas in a flowing amount of liquid according to the preamble of claim 1 and an arrangement for performing the method.

Ein Verfahren der einleitend gekennzeichneten Gattung und eine Anordnung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens sind aus der WO-A-8802276 bekannt. Die in der bekannten Anordnung verwendete Trenneinrichtung weist eine für die blasenfreie Flüssigkeit durchlässige Trennwand auf, die die Gasblasen in der Kreislaufflüssigkeit zurückhält.A method of the type identified in the introduction and an arrangement for carrying out the method are known from WO-A-8802276. The separating device used in the known arrangement has a partition which is permeable to the bubble-free liquid and which retains the gas bubbles in the circulating liquid.

Eine weitere Anordnung, die den Stand der Technik zur Lösung einer Gasmenge in einer strömenden Flüssigkeitsmenge dokumentiert, ist beispielsweise aus der Firmen-Druckschrift "Haffmans CO2-Meß- und Regelanlage", Typ AGM-05, der Firma Haffmans B.V., RD Venlo, Niederlande, Seiten 2 bis 5, bekannt. In der in dieser Druckschrift beschriebenen Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens werden CO2-Gas und Bier in einem sogenannten Karbonisiergerät zusammengeführt. Eine CO2-Leitung endet hierbei in der Mitte einer Bierleitung, und die Verteilung des CO2-Gases findet über statische Mischelemente statt. In einer dem Karbonisiergerät nachgeschalteten Lösungsstrecke sorgen weitere statische Mischelemente für die Aufrechterhaltung der Blasenverteilung, die notwendige Voraussetzung für den angestrebten Stoffübergang (Absorption von Gas in Flüssigkeit) ist.Another arrangement that documents the state of the art for solving a quantity of gas in a flowing quantity of liquid is, for example, from the company publication "Haffmans CO2 measuring and control system", type AGM-05, from Haffmans BV, RD Venlo, the Netherlands , Pages 2 to 5, known. In the arrangement for carrying out the method described in this publication, CO2 gas and beer are combined in a so-called carbonating device. A CO2 line ends in the middle of a beer line, and the distribution of the CO2 gas takes place via static mixing elements. In a solution section downstream of the carbonation device, further static mixing elements ensure that the bubble distribution is maintained, which is a necessary prerequisite for the desired mass transfer (absorption of gas in liquid).

Die verfahrenstechnischen und strömungsmechanischen Voraussetzungen für den Stoffübergang Gas/Flüssigkeit sind hinlänglich bekannt. Das Gas muß der Flüssigkeit zugeführt, in dieser dispergiert und homogen über den flüssigkeitsdurchströmten Querschnitt verteilt werden. Die sogenannte Gleichgewichtskurve, das Lösungsgleichgewicht zwischen Gas und Flüssigkeit, liefert die maximale Gasmenge, die bei gegebenem Leitungsdruck und gegebener Temperatur in der Flüssigkeit löslich ist. Die aus dem Lösungsgleichgewicht resultierende Gasmenge kann, wenn sie der Flüssigkeit genau in dieser Menge angeboten wird, theoretisch nur über eine unendlich lange Zeitspanne in der Flüssigkeit gelöst werden. Daher verzichtet man in der Praxis in der Regel auf das Erreichen des Lösungsgleichgewichtes und sorgt durch die Wahl der veränderbaren Betriebsparameter dafür, daß ein ausreichendes Konzentrationsgefälle zwischen der Gleichgewichtskonzentration (auch Sättigungskonzentration) und der gewünschten und sich schließlich einstellenden Istkonzentration gegeben ist. Es ist weiterhin hinlänglich bekannt, daß die Absorption erschwert wird durch niedrigen Druck, hohe Temperatur, hohe Sollwertkonzentration des zu lösenden Gases und, in aller Regel, niedrige Fließgeschwindigkeit. Der Druckverlust im statischen Mischer und in der sich anschließenden Lösungsstrecke führt, zumindest graduell, zu einem über den Strömungsweg stetig abnehmenden statischen Druck, der wiederum die lokale Gleichgewichtskonzentration bestimmt. Eine Reduzierung letzterer führt wiederum zu einer Verminderung des den Stoffübergang entscheidend bestimmenden wirksamen Konzentrationsgefälles.The procedural and fluid-mechanical requirements for the gas / liquid mass transfer are well known. The gas must be supplied to the liquid, dispersed in it and distributed homogeneously over the cross-section through which the liquid flows. The so-called equilibrium curve, the solution equilibrium between gas and liquid, provides the maximum amount of gas that is soluble in the liquid at a given line pressure and temperature. The amount of gas resulting from the solution equilibrium, if it is offered to the liquid in exactly this amount, theoretically, they can only be dissolved in the liquid over an infinitely long period of time. Therefore, in practice, the solution equilibrium is generally not achieved and the choice of the changeable operating parameters ensures that there is a sufficient concentration gradient between the equilibrium concentration (also saturation concentration) and the desired and ultimately occurring actual concentration. It is also well known that absorption is made difficult by low pressure, high temperature, high setpoint concentration of the gas to be dissolved and, as a rule, low flow rate. The pressure loss in the static mixer and in the subsequent solution section leads, at least gradually, to a steadily decreasing static pressure over the flow path, which in turn determines the local equilibrium concentration. A reduction in the latter in turn leads to a reduction in the effective concentration gradient that crucially determines the mass transfer.

Da die bekannten Anordnungen die Lösung einer vorgegebenen Gasmenge in einer bestimmten strömenden Flüssigkeitsmenge, mit hinlänglich bekannten Mitteln anstreben, sind mit diesen Anordnungen auch keine über den Stand der Technik auf diesem Gebiet hinausgehenden verfahrenstechnischen oder apparativen Vorteile zu erzielen.Since the known arrangements aim to dissolve a predetermined amount of gas in a certain flowing amount of liquid with well-known means, these arrangements do not achieve any procedural or apparatus advantages that go beyond the prior art in this field.

Auf der Suche nach Verfahren und Anordnungen zur Intensivierung des Stoffüberganges, mit denen der im vorgenannten Karbonisiergerät in Verbindung mit der nachgeschalteten Lösungsstrecke erzielbare Stoffübergang verbessert werden kann, stößt der Fachmann in der Zeitschrift Chem.-Ing.-Tech. 64 (1992) Nr. 8, Seite 762, auf einen Aufsatz zum Thema "Modellierung eines von oben begasten Schlaufenreaktors und Messung hydrodynamischer Parameter". Dort wird unter anderem ausgeführt:
   "Zur Begasung niedrigviskoser Flüssigkeiten werden in der chemischen Industrie und bei der biologischen Abwasserreinigung in zunehmendem Maße strahlgetriebene Schlaufenreaktoren eingesetzt. Das Gas und die Flüssigkeit werden einem Kompaktreaktor über eine Zweistoffdüse zugeführt, die am Kopf des Reaktors angeordnet ist. Diese Düse kann sowohl im Ejektorbetrieb als auch im Injektorbetrieb gefahren werden. Das über die Zweistoffdüse zugeführte Gemisch aus Gas und Flüssigkeit strömt zusammen mit dem Zweiphasengemisch, das aus dem Ringraum angesaugt wird, im Umlaufrohr abwärts. Am unteren Ende des Reaktors wird ein Teil der Flüssigkeit abgezogen. Der andere Teil der Flüssigkeit strömt zusammen mit dem Gas im Ringraum aufwärts. Am oberen Ende des Reaktors gast ein Teil des Gases aus, während der andere Teil zusammen mit der Flüssigkeit erneut am Umlauf im Reaktor teilnimmt."
In the search for methods and arrangements for intensifying the mass transfer, with which the mass transfer that can be achieved in the aforementioned carbonation device in connection with the downstream solution section can be improved, the person skilled in the art comes across in the journal Chem.-Ing.-Tech. 64 (1992) No. 8, page 762, on an article on the topic "Modeling a loop reactor fumigated from above and measuring hydrodynamic parameters". There is carried out among other things:
"For the gassing of low viscosity liquids in in the chemical industry and in biological wastewater treatment, jet-driven loop reactors are increasingly used. The gas and the liquid are fed to a compact reactor via a two-component nozzle which is arranged at the top of the reactor. This nozzle can be operated both in ejector mode and in injector mode. The mixture of gas and liquid supplied via the two-substance nozzle flows downward together with the two-phase mixture which is drawn in from the annular space. Part of the liquid is drawn off at the lower end of the reactor. The other part of the liquid flows upwards together with the gas in the annulus. At the top of the reactor, part of the gas degasses, while the other part together with the liquid again participates in the circulation in the reactor. "

Unter Schlaufenreaktoren sind Apparate zu verstehen, in denen zumindest ein den Gesamtstrom umfassender definiert gelenkter Umlauf eines fluiden oder fluidisierten Systems stattfindet. Dabei kann dem Umlaufstrom ein Durchlaufstrom überlagert werden, wodurch das Strömungsbild einer "Schlaufe" entsteht. Es gibt Schlaufenreaktoren mit innerem und solche mit äußerem Umlauf.Loop reactors are to be understood to mean apparatuses in which at least one defined circulation of a fluid or fluidized system, which comprises the total flow, takes place. In this case, a continuous flow can be superimposed on the circulating flow, as a result of which the flow pattern of a “loop” is created. There are loop reactors with internal and external circulation.

Eine Übertragung des vorstehend kurz umrissenen Schlaufenreaktor-Prinzips auf ein Verfahren der einleitend gekennzeichneten Gattung ist nicht ohne weiteres möglich. Zum einen wäre ein Ausgasen eines Teiles des zugeführten Gases am oberen Ende des Reaktors, welches sich nicht vollständig beseitigen läßt, unerwünscht und nachteilig; vielmehr wird angestrebt, daß die zugeführte Gasmenge auch tatsächlich gelöst wird, wodurch sich die Stoffbilanz denkbar einfach gestaltet. Zum anderen erlauben die festen Geometrieverhältnisse des Schlaufenreaktors nur eine bedingte Anpassung des Verfahrens an sich verändernde Betriebsbedingungen. Darüber hinaus ist ein Schlaufenreaktor, unabhängig davon, ob er mit einem inneren oder äußerem Umlauf arbeitet, insbesondere beim Einsatz in der Nahrungsmittel- und Getränkeindustrie, wo es auf eine biologisch einwandfreie Reinigung aller Bereiche des Reaktors in höchstem Maße ankommt, einerseits keine besonders reinigungsfreundliche bzw. CIP-gerechte Anordnung (CIP: Abkürzung für "cleaning in place", was soviel bedeutet wie "an Ort und Stelle im Durchfluß reinigungsfähig"), und andererseits muß er gegebenenfalls als Druckbehälter eingestuft werden, der bestimmte sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen zu erfüllen hat, wodurch er genehmigungs- oder überwachungspflichtig werden kann, was ihn von vornherein technisch aufwendig und teuer werden läßt.A transfer of the loop reactor principle briefly outlined above to a method of the type identified in the introduction is not readily possible. On the one hand, outgassing a part of the supplied gas at the upper end of the reactor, which cannot be completely eliminated, would be undesirable and disadvantageous; rather, the aim is that the quantity of gas supplied is actually dissolved, which makes the material balance extremely simple. On the other hand, the fixed geometric relationships of the loop reactor only allow the process to be conditionally adapted to changing ones Operating conditions. In addition, regardless of whether it works with an internal or external circulation, a loop reactor, on the one hand, is not particularly easy to clean or clean, particularly when used in the food and beverage industry, where it is extremely important that all areas of the reactor are cleaned biologically CIP-compliant arrangement (CIP: abbreviation for "cleaning in place", which means "cleanable on the spot in the flow"), and on the other hand it may have to be classified as a pressure vessel that has to meet certain safety requirements, which means that it can be subject to approval or monitoring, which makes it technically complex and expensive from the outset.

Aus der DE 39 20 472 A1 ist ein Verfahren zur definierten Beladung einer Flüssigkeit mit einem Gas bekannt, bei dem der Beladungsvorgang an einer bestimmten Stelle des Strömungsweges der Flüssigkeit durch Koaleszenz der nicht gelösten Gasblasen im wesentlichen beendet wird. Nicht gelöste, koaleszierte Gasblasen werden entweder im weiteren Verlauf des Strömungsweges der zu beladenden Flüssigkeit in letzterer erneut dispergiert und gemischt oder sie werden aus der Flüssigkeit abgeschieden. Die bekannte Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des vorgenannten Verfahrens sieht hierfür am Ende der Beladungsstrecke eine Trenneinrichtung vor, in der eine Separierung nicht gelöster Gasblasen von der Flüssigkeit durch Zentrifugalkräfte in der rotierenden Flüssigkeit erreicht wird. Bei dieser Trenneinrichtung handelt es sich um einen Behälter, in dem die rotierende Flüssigkeit einen Rotationsparaboloiden ausbildet, über dessen freie Oberfläche die nicht gelösten Gasblasen abgeschieden werden (Spalte 4, Zeilen 37 bis 51). Aufgrund dieser Verhältnisse handelt es sich bei dem abgeschiedenen Stoffstrom um eine reine Gasströmung, über deren weitere Verwendung keine Aussagen gemacht werden.DE 39 20 472 A1 discloses a method for the defined loading of a liquid with a gas, in which the loading process at a specific point in the flow path of the liquid is essentially ended by coalescence of the undissolved gas bubbles. Undissolved, coalesced gas bubbles are either redispersed and mixed again in the course of the flow path of the liquid to be loaded in the latter, or they are separated from the liquid. For this purpose, the known device for carrying out the aforementioned method provides a separating device at the end of the loading section, in which a separation of undissolved gas bubbles from the liquid is achieved by centrifugal forces in the rotating liquid. This separating device is a container in which the rotating liquid forms a paraboloid of revolution, over the free surface of which the undissolved gas bubbles are separated (column 4, lines 37 to 51). Because of these conditions, the separated material flow is a pure gas flow, and no further statements are made regarding its further use.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die in einer Flüssigkeit unter gegebenen Bedingungen tatsächlich lösbare Gasmenge gegenüber bekannten Verfahren zu erhöhen. Darüber hinaus soll die Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens im Aufbau einfach, im Durchfluß reinigbar (CIP-fähig), und ihre Anpassung an bestimmte Praxiserfordernisse und ihre Regelung sollen möglichst einfach sein.The object of the present invention is to increase the amount of gas which is actually soluble in a liquid under given conditions compared to known methods. In addition, the arrangement for carrying out the method in the structure should be simple, flow-cleanable (CIP-capable), and its adaptation to certain practical requirements and its regulation should be as simple as possible.

Die verfahrenstechnische Aufgabe wird durch Anwendung der Merkmale des Kennzeichens des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des vorgeschlagenen Verfahrens sind Gegenstand der Ansprüche 2 bis 4. Eine Anordnung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens wird durch Anwendung der Kennzeichenmerkmale des Nebenanspruchs 5 realisiert, während vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der vorgeschlagenen Anordnung Gegenstand der weiteren Unteransprüche sind.The procedural problem is solved by applying the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. Advantageous refinements of the proposed method are the subject of claims 2 to 4. An arrangement for carrying out the method is implemented by using the characterizing features of the dependent claim 5, while advantageous refinements of the proposed arrangement are the subject of the further subclaims.

Die Trennung des Gesamtstromes durch dessen Unterwerfung unter eine Strömungsführung auf gekrümmten Bahnen in einen blasenfreien Flüssigkeitsstrom und einen als Zweiphasenströmung ausgebildeten Gas/Flüssigkeitsstrom stellt zum einen sicher, daß in der von der Trennungsstelle fortgeführten Flüssigkeit keine unkontrollierbare Nachbegasung erfolgt. Zum anderen ist die Trennung die Voraussetzung für die Rückführung eines Teilstromes. Der rückgeführte Gas/Flüssigkeitsstrom überlagert sich als Umlaufstrom dem zugeführten unbegasten oder begasten Flüssigkeitsstrom, der den Durchlaufstrom bildet. Durch die Rückführung bietet sich die Möglichkeit, die im Umlaufstrom enthaltenen nicht gelösten Gasblasen erneut zu redispergieren und im Gesamtstrom homogen zu verteilen. Darüberhinaus wird das Konzentrationsgefälle an der Stelle der Zusammenführung von Durchlauf- und Umlaufstrom erhöht und aus der Überlagerung beider Ströme resultiert dort zusätzlich eine erhöhte Turbulenz.The separation of the total flow by subjecting it to flow guidance on curved paths into a bubble-free liquid flow and a gas / liquid flow designed as a two-phase flow ensures, on the one hand, that no uncontrollable after-gassing takes place in the liquid continued from the separation point. On the other hand, the separation is the prerequisite for the return of a partial flow. The recirculated gas / liquid stream is superimposed as a recycle stream on the supplied non-gassed or fumigated liquid stream, which forms the continuous flow. The recycling offers the possibility of redispersing the undissolved gas bubbles contained in the circulating stream and distributing them homogeneously in the overall stream. In addition, the concentration gradient is increased at the point where the throughflow and circulation flow are brought together, and the superimposition of both flows also results in increased turbulence there.

Im Gegensatz zu bekannten Belüftungs- und Begasungsverfahren (stellvertretend hierfür steht die eingangs kurz umrissene Haffmans-Anordnung), die sämtlich die Gaslösung in einem einmaligen Durchlauf anstreben und sich demzufolge mit einer geringeren erreichbaren Istkonzentration des zu lösenden Gases begnügen oder die eine relativ lange und damit in hohem Maße druckverlustbehaftete Misch- und Lösungsstrecke erfordern, ist beim vorliegenden Anmeldungsgegenstand das Wirkungsprinzip "Trennung des nicht gelösten Gasanteiles von der Flüssigkeit und sich wiederholende Rückführung" konsequent realisiert, und zwar dergstalt, daß der nicht gelöste Gasanteil in Form einer Zweiphasenströmung (Gas/Flüssigkeitsströmung) vom blasenfreien Flüssigkeitsstrom über einen besonders wirkungsvollen Trennmechanismus separiert wird.In contrast to known ventilation and gassing processes (representative of this is the briefly outlined Haffmans arrangement), which all strive for the gas solution in a single pass and are therefore content with a lower achievable actual concentration of the gas to be dissolved, or which are a relatively long and therefore highly pressure-lossy mixing and solution section require, the principle of action "separation of the undissolved gas portion from the liquid and repetitive recirculation" has been consistently implemented in the subject of the application, such that the undissolved gas portion in the form of a two-phase flow (gas / liquid flow) from the bubble-free liquid flow via a particularly effective Separation mechanism is separated.

Es hat sich sowohl verfahrenstechnisch als auch apparativ als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wie dies eine Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung vorsieht, wenn die Gasströmung in den rückführenden Gas/Flüssigkeitstrom eingebracht wird. Hierdurch findet einerseits bereits in der Zweiphasenströmung eine Dispergierung der frisch zugeführten Gasströmung statt, andererseits kann der apparative Aufwand gegenüber einer Anordnung reduziert werden, in der die Gasströmung unmittelbar in die Rohrleitung eingeleitet wird, da die die rückführende Gas/Flüssigkeitsströmung aufnehmende Rückführleitung im Nennquerschnitt stets kleiner als der den unbegasten Flüssigkeitsstrom führende Rohrleitungsabschnitt ausgebildet ist.It has been found to be advantageous both in terms of process technology and apparatus, as is provided by an embodiment of the method according to the invention, when the gas flow is introduced into the returning gas / liquid flow. On the one hand, this results in the freshly supplied gas flow being dispersed in the two-phase flow, on the other hand, the outlay on equipment can be reduced compared to an arrangement in which the gas flow is introduced directly into the pipeline, since the return line receiving the returning gas / liquid flow is always smaller in the nominal cross section as the pipeline section guiding the non-degassed liquid flow.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des vorgeschlagenen Verfahrens wird das Gas im rückführenden Gas/Flüssigkeitsstrom vor der Zusammenführung mit dem zugeführten unbegasten bzw. begasten Flüssigkeitsstrom (Durchlaufstrom) wenigstens teilweise in seiner Trägerflüssigkeit redispergiert. Diese Maßnahme trägt zu einer weiteren Verbesserung des Stoffüberganges bei.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the proposed method, the gas in the returning gas / liquid stream is at least partially redispersed in its carrier liquid before being combined with the supplied non-gassed or fumigated liquid stream (continuous flow). This measure contributes to a further improvement of the mass transfer.

Um die Trennung in einen blasenfreien Flüssigkeitsstrom und einen Gas/Flüssigkeitsstrom zu intensivieren und zu forcieren, sieht eine andere Ausgestaltung des vorgeschlagenen Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung vor, daß das zusammengeführte Gas/Flüssigkeitsgemisch einer Strömungsführung auf gekrümmten Bahnen unterworfen und die hierzu notwendige Rotationsenergie aus der Energie des strömenden Gas/Flüssigkeitsgemisches bestritten wird, was eine relativ einfache apparative Realisierung dieses Verfahrensschrittes zur Folge hat.In order to intensify and force the separation into a bubble-free liquid flow and a gas / liquid flow, another embodiment of the proposed method according to the invention provides that the combined gas / liquid mixture is subjected to flow guidance on curved paths and the rotational energy required for this is obtained from the energy of the flowing gas / liquid mixture is disputed, which results in a relatively simple apparatus implementation of this process step.

Da die Anordnung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens sowohl im Bereich des Durchlauf-, des Gesamt- als auch des Umlaufstromes in Form von einfachen Rohrleitungen ausgebildet werden kann, ergeben sich äußerst reinigungsfreundliche und damit CIP-gerechte Strömungs- und Anlagenbereiche, die keine Druckbehälter im Sinne der einschlägigen Vorschriften enthalten. Kernstück der Anordnung gemäß der Erfindung ist eine Trenneinrichtung, in der eine Separierung nicht gelöster Gasblasen von der Flüssigkeit durch Zentrifugalkräfte in der rotierenden Flüssigkeit erreicht wird, wobei in einen Zulauf der Trenneinrichtung die Mischeinrichtung oder die Lösungsstrecke einmündet und zum einen an einen Ablauf der Trenneinrichtung ein fortgeführter Rohrleitungsabschnitt der Rohrleitung für den blasenfreien Flüssigkeitsstrom und zum anderen an einen Kopfbereich der Trenneinrichtung die Rückführleitung für den verbleibenden Gas/Flüssigkeitsstrom angeschlossen ist. Mit der in der Rückführleitung angeordneten zweiten Fördereinrichtung kann das Gas im rückzuführenden Gas/Flüssigkeitsstrom, im Sinne der vorstehend bereits vorgeschlagenen verfahrenstechnischen Maßnahmen, vor der Zusammenführung mit dem zugeführten unbegasten bzw. begasten Flüssigkeitsstrom wenigstens teilweise in seiner Trägerflüssigkeit besonders einfach und wirkungsvoll redispergiert und dort homogen über den Rückführleitungsquerschnitt verteilt werden, was der weiteren Verbesserung des Stoffüberganges dient. Durch die zweite Fördereinrichtung in der Rückführleitung kann die vorgeschlagene Anordnung denkbar einfach geregelt werden, so daß ihre Anpassung an veränderte Betriebsbedingungen sehr leicht möglich ist.Since the arrangement for carrying out the method can be designed in the form of simple pipelines in the area of the flow, the total as well as the circulation flow, this results in extremely easy-to-clean and thus CIP-compliant flow and system areas which do not contain pressure vessels in the sense of contain relevant regulations. The centerpiece of the arrangement according to the invention is a separating device in which a separation of undissolved gas bubbles from the liquid is achieved by centrifugal forces in the rotating liquid, the mixing device or the solution section opening into an inlet of the separating device and, on the one hand, to an outlet of the separating device Continued pipeline section of the pipeline for the bubble-free liquid flow and, on the other hand, the return line for the remaining gas / liquid flow is connected to a head region of the separating device. With the second conveying device arranged in the return line, the gas in the gas / liquid stream to be recycled, in the sense of the procedural measures already proposed above, can be at least partially and effectively effective in its carrier liquid before being combined with the supplied non-degassed or fumigated liquid stream redispersed and homogeneously distributed over the return line cross section, which serves to further improve the mass transfer. The proposed arrangement can be regulated in a very simple manner by the second conveying device in the return line, so that it can be adapted very easily to changed operating conditions.

Über die Ausbildung der Trenneinrichtung als Fliehkraftabscheider, und zwar in einer ersten Ausführungsform als Hydrozyklon, wie dies eine andere Ausgestaltung der vorgeschlagenen Anordnung vorsieht, ist eine Trennung des Gesamtstromes in einen blasenfreien Durchlaufstrom und einen als Zweiphasenströmung (Gas/Flüssigkeitsströmung) ausgebildeten Umlaufstrom in besonders einfacher, aber dennoch außerordentlich wirksamer Weise möglich. Dabei wird die Rückführleitung an das Tauchrohr des Hydrozyklons angeschlossen.By designing the separating device as a centrifugal separator, specifically in a first embodiment as a hydrocyclone, as is provided by another embodiment of the proposed arrangement, it is particularly easy to separate the total flow into a bubble-free flow and a circulation flow designed as a two-phase flow (gas / liquid flow) , but still extremely effective. The return line is connected to the dip tube of the hydrocyclone.

Bei der Ausbildung der Trenneinrichtung als Hydrozyklon kann es unter bestimmten Betriebsbedigungen zur sogenannten "Trombenbildung" kommen, wodurch das sich im Wirbelkern konzentrierende Gas teilweise in den koaxial in der Trenneinrichtung angeordneten Ablauf mitgerissen wird. Es bedarf dann besonderer konstruktiver Vorkehrungen im Ablauf, damit das Gas, zumindest bis zu einem bestimmten Grad der Beladung der Flüssigkeit mit Gas, in der Trenneinrichtung zurückgehalten und allein über das der Abfuhr der Zweiphasenströmung (Gas/Flüssigkeitsströmung) dienende Tauchrohr ausgebracht werden kann.When the separating device is designed as a hydrocyclone, under certain operating conditions, so-called "trombone formation" can occur, as a result of which the gas concentrating in the vortex core is partially entrained in the outlet arranged coaxially in the separating device. Special design precautions are then required in the sequence so that the gas can be retained in the separating device, at least up to a certain degree of loading of the liquid with gas, and can be discharged solely via the dip tube used to discharge the two-phase flow (gas / liquid flow).

Die Abscheideleistung auch unter den Bedingungen extrem hoch mit Gas beladener Flüssigkeiten verbessert sich gegenüber der Ausbildung der Trenneinrichtung als Hydrozyklon, wenn diese, wie dies eine weitere vorteilhafte Anordnung gemäß der Erfindung vorsieht, als Behälter ausgebildet ist, in den der Zulauf tangential ein- und der Ablauf, in Fortsetzung der Strömungsrichtung, tangential ausmünden, und über dessen ablaufseitige stirnseitige Begrenzungsfläche ein Tauchrohr in Richtung der Achse und konzentrisch zur Mantelfläche des Behälters ein Stück in den Behälterinnenraum eingreift, wobei das Tauchrohr andererseits an die Rückführleitung angeschlossen ist. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung ist auch der Ablauf, ebenso wie der Zulauf, im Mantelbereich des Behälters angeordnet, wodurch vorzugsweise die in diesem Bereich rotierende entgaste Flüssigkeit abgeführt werden kann. Die im Zentrum, im Bereich der Behälterachse, rotierende und hochgradig mit Gas beladene Flüssigkeit hat nunmehr nur noch die Möglichkeit, die Trenneinrichtung in Form der Zweiphasenströmung (Gas/Flüssigkeitsströmung) über das Tauchrohr zu verlassen. Dabei ist wesentlich, daß das Tauchrohr im ablaufseitigen Bereich der Trenneinrichtung angeordnet wird, damit die zur Abscheidung der Gasblasen aus dem Mantelbereich in den axialen Bereich des Behälters notwendige Verweilzeit für das den Behälter durchströmende Gas/Flüssigkeitsgemisch zur Verfügung steht.The separation performance, even under the conditions of extremely high gas-laden liquids, improves compared to the design of the separating device as a hydrocyclone if, as is provided by a further advantageous arrangement according to the invention, it is designed as a container into which the inlet is tangential Drain, in continuation of the direction of flow, open tangentially, and a dip tube engages a bit in the interior of the container via the discharge-side end face of a dip tube in the direction of the axis and concentrically to the lateral surface of the container, the dip tube on the other hand is connected to the return line. In this embodiment, the outlet, like the inlet, is also arranged in the jacket region of the container, as a result of which the degassed liquid rotating in this region can preferably be removed. The liquid rotating in the center, in the area of the container axis, and highly loaded with gas now only has the option of leaving the separating device in the form of the two-phase flow (gas / liquid flow) via the dip tube. It is essential that the immersion tube is arranged in the outlet-side area of the separating device so that the dwell time necessary for separating the gas bubbles from the jacket area into the axial area of the container is available for the gas / liquid mixture flowing through the container.

Eine sehr einfache und leistungsfähige Trenneinrichtung ergibt sich, wenn der Behälter als schlanker Zylinder ausgebildet ist, wobei sein Zylindermantel eine gegenüber seinem Durchmesser D nennenswert größere Höhe H aufweist, vorzugsweise ein Verhältnis H/D = 3 bis 6

Figure imgb0001
.A very simple and efficient separating device is obtained if the container is designed as a slim cylinder, its cylinder jacket having a height H that is appreciably greater than its diameter D, preferably a ratio H / D = 3 to 6
Figure imgb0001
.

Als besonders wirksam im Hinblick auf eine Redispergierung und homogene Verteilung der noch nicht gelösten Gasblasen im rückzuführenden Gas/Flüssigkeitsstrom hat es sich erwiesen, wenn, wie dies eine weitere Ausgestaltung der vorgeschlagenen Anordnung vorsieht, die zweite Fördereinrichtung als selbstansaugende Kreiselpumpe, vorzugsweise als Seitenkanalpumpe, ausgebildet ist. Selbstansaugende Kreiselpumpen sind im Aufbau relativ einfache Pumpen; sie können sowohl ein Zweiphasengemisch als auch reines Gas fördern, sie sind selbstreinigend, sie haben keinen Abrieb und erfordern daher geringen Wartungsaufwand.It has proven to be particularly effective with regard to redispersion and homogeneous distribution of the as yet undissolved gas bubbles in the gas / liquid stream to be recirculated if, as a further embodiment of the proposed arrangement provides, the second delivery device is designed as a self-priming centrifugal pump, preferably as a side channel pump is. Self-priming centrifugal pumps are relatively simple in construction; they can convey both a two-phase mixture and pure gas, they are self-cleaning, they have no abrasion and therefore require little maintenance.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der vorgeschlagenen Anordnung werden durch Einleitung der Gasströmung in die Rückführleitung hinter der zweiten Fördereinrichtung deren die Redispergierung der Gasblasen günstig beeinflussenden Eigenschaften auch für die Frisch zugeführte Gasströmung nutzbar gemacht. Darüberhinaus reduziert sich bei dieser Ausführungsform, wie vorstehend bereits dargelegt, der apparative Aufwand gegenüber einer Ausgestaltung der Anordnung, bei der die Einleitung der Gasströmung unmittelbar in die Rohrleitung erfolgt.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the proposed arrangement, by introducing the gas flow into the return line behind the second conveying device, its properties which have a favorable effect on the redispersion of the gas bubbles are also made usable for the freshly supplied gas flow. In addition, in this embodiment, as already explained above, the outlay on equipment is reduced compared to an embodiment of the arrangement in which the gas flow is introduced directly into the pipeline.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Anordnung zur Durchführung des vorgeschlagenen Verfahrens werden nachfolgend an Hand der Figuren der Zeichnung dargestellt und kurz erläutert.Exemplary embodiments of the arrangement for carrying out the proposed method are described below using the Figures of the drawing shown and briefly explained.

Es zeigen

Figur 1
in schematischer Darstellung ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung mit einer als Hydrozyklon ausgebildeten Trenneinrichtung;
Figur 2
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung, wobei die Trenneinrichtung nach einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform gemäß der Erfindung ausgebildet ist und
Figur 2a
eine Draufsicht auf die Trenneinrichtung gemäß Figur 2 mit den Anschlüssen für Zulauf, Ablauf und Tauchrohr.
Show it
Figure 1
a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the arrangement for performing the method according to the invention with a separation device designed as a hydrocyclone;
Figure 2
a second embodiment of the arrangement for performing the method according to the invention, wherein the separating device is designed according to a particularly advantageous embodiment according to the invention and
Figure 2a
a plan view of the separation device according to Figure 2 with the connections for inlet, outlet and dip tube.

Die Anordnung (Figur 1) besteht aus einer Rohrleitung 1, die aus den Rohrleitungsabschnitten 1a und 1b besteht. Der Rohrleitungsabschnitt 1a mündet in eine statische Mischeinrichtung 5, der sich ggf. eine Lösungsstrecke 5a anschließt. Die gesamte Misch- und Lösungseinrichtung kann auch nur aus einer Lösungsstrecke 5a bestehen. Die statische Mischeinrichtung 5 kann aus einem einzelnen statischen Mischer bzw. einem Mischelement oder aus mehreren hintereinander geschalteten statischen Mischern aufgebaut sein; sie wird im folgenden mit "statischer Mischer 5" bezeichnet. Der statische Mischer 5 bzw. die Lösungsstrecke 5a sind an einen Zulauf 6a einer Trenneinrichtung 6 angeschlossen, in der erfindungsgemäß die Trennung des Gas/Flüssigkeitsgemisches in einen Gas/Flüssigkeits- und einen blasenfreien Flüssigkeitsstrom erfolgt. Die Rohrleitung 1 wird hinter der Trenneinrichtung 6 über einen in deren Fußbereich angeordneten Ablauf 6b in dem Rohrleitungsabschnitt 1b fortgeführt. An den Kopfbereich der Trenneinrichtung 6 ist eine Rückführleitung 7 angeschlossen, die über ein Tauchrohr 6c in den Innenraum der Trenneinrichtung 6 eingreift und die andererseits an einer zweiten Einleitungsstelle 9 in den Rohrleitungsabschnitt 1a einmündet.The arrangement (Figure 1) consists of a pipe 1, which consists of the pipe sections 1a and 1b. The pipe section 1a opens into a static mixing device 5, which is optionally followed by a solution section 5a. The entire mixing and solution device can also consist of only one solution section 5a. The static mixing device 5 can be constructed from a single static mixer or a mixing element or from a plurality of static mixers connected in series; it is referred to below as "static mixer 5". The static mixer 5 or the solution section 5a are connected to an inlet 6a of a separating device 6, in which, according to the invention, the gas / liquid mixture is separated into a gas / liquid and a bubble-free liquid flow. The pipeline 1 is continued behind the separating device 6 in the pipeline section 1b via an outlet 6b arranged in the foot region thereof. A return line 7 is at the head region of the separating device 6 connected, which engages in the interior of the separating device 6 via an immersion tube 6c and which, on the other hand, opens into the pipeline section 1a at a second introduction point 9.

In einer ersten, besonders vorteilhaften, weil apparativ besonders einfachen Ausgestaltung gemäß der Erfindung mündet eine der Gaszuführung G dienende Gasleitung 3, die über eine Dosiereinrichtung 10 geführt ist, über eine Einleitungsstelle 4 in die Rückführleitung 7 hinter einer in dieser angeordneten zweiten Fördereinrichtung 8 ein. Bezogen auf die Strömungsrichtung innerhalb der Rohrleitung 1 kann die Einleitungsstelle 4, wie dies weitere Ausgestaltungen der Anordnung gemäß der Erfindung vorsehen, auch vor oder hinter oder an der zweiten Einleitungsstelle 9 angeordnet werden (strichpunktierte Darstellung des an der Einleitungsstelle 4 einmündenden Teiles der Gasleitung 3).In a first, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention which is particularly simple in terms of apparatus, a gas line 3 serving the gas supply G, which is led via a metering device 10, leads via an introduction point 4 into the return line 7 behind a second conveying device 8 arranged therein. In relation to the direction of flow within the pipeline 1, the introduction point 4, as provided by further configurations of the arrangement according to the invention, can also be arranged in front of or behind or at the second introduction point 9 (dash-dotted representation of the part of the gas line 3 opening at the introduction point 4). .

Eine als zylindrischer Behälter ausgebildete Trenneinrichtung 6 (Figur 2) verfügt über einen tangential angeordneten Zulauf 6a und einen tangential, in Fortsetzung der Strömungsrichtung, aus dem Behälter ausmündenden Ablauf 6b. Dies wird in der Draufsicht der Trenneinrichtung 6 (Figur 2a) deutlich. Für die Wirkungsweise der Trenneinrichtung 6 ist es ohne Bedeutung, welchen Umschlingungswinkel (in einer Behälterquerschnittsebene gesehen) Zu- und Ablauf 6a bzw. 6b zueinander einnehmen. Entscheidend ist lediglich, daß die Rotationsströmung im Behälter stroßfrei und damit zwangsläufig in Strömungsrichtung in den Ablauf 6b gelangen kann. Es ist weiterhin für die Wirkungsweise der Trenneinrichtung 6 ohne Belang, ob diese bezüglich ihrer Behälterachse vertikal, waagerecht oder in beliebiger Schräglage im Raum angeordnet wird. Wesentlich jedoch ist, daß das Tauchrohr 6c über die ablaufseitige stirnseitige Begrenzungsfläche des Behälters der Trenneinrichtung 6, und zwar in Richtung der Achse und konzentrisch zur Mantelfläche des Behälters, ein Stück in den Behälterinnenraum eingreift, wobei es andererseits an die Rückführleitung 7 angeschlossen ist. Zu- und Ablauf 6a bzw. 6b der Trenneinrichtung 6 sind in gleicher Weise in die Gesamtanordnung eingebunden, wie dies bei der Anordnung gemäß Figur 1 der Fall ist und dort bereits beschrieben wurde.A separating device 6 designed as a cylindrical container (FIG. 2) has an inlet 6a arranged tangentially and an outlet 6b opening out tangentially from the container in continuation of the flow direction. This becomes clear in the top view of the separating device 6 (FIG. 2a). For the mode of operation of the separating device 6, it is irrelevant which wrap angle (seen in a container cross-sectional plane) the inlet and outlet 6a and 6b to each other. The only decisive factor is that the rotational flow in the container can flow smoothly and thus inevitably into the outlet 6b in the direction of flow. It is also irrelevant to the mode of operation of the separating device 6 whether it is arranged vertically, horizontally or in any inclined position in space with respect to its container axis. It is essential, however, that the immersion tube 6c over the outlet-side end face of the container of the separating device 6, in the direction of Axis and concentrically to the lateral surface of the container, a piece engages in the container interior, wherein it is connected to the return line 7 on the other hand. Inlet and outlet 6a and 6b of the separation device 6 are integrated into the overall arrangement in the same way as is the case with the arrangement according to FIG. 1 and has already been described there.

Über den Rohrleitungsabschnitt 1a wird eine unbegaste Flüssigkeitsmenge L1 (Liquid-Phase) zugeführt (vgl. Figuren 1, 2 und 2a), die mittels der ersten Fördereinrichtung 2, die ein Kreiselpumpe sein kann, durch die Anordnung gefördert wird, wobei die Flüssigkeitsmenge L1 die sogenannte Durchlaufströmung bildet. Über die Gasleitung 3 erfolgt die Zufuhr einer Gasmenge G (Gas-Phase). Mittels der Dosiereinrichtung 10, die in der Regel als Drossel- und Regelventil ausgebildet ist, kann der Gasstrom G eingestellt werden. An der Einleitungsstelle 4 der Gasleitung 3 in die Rückführleitung 7 erfolgt die Zusammenführung der als Zweiphasenströmung ausgebildeten Gas/Flüssigkeitsströmung G*/L2 mit der Gasströmung G, wobei der gesamte Gasanteil G+G* im weiteren Verlauf durch die Rückführleitung 7 wenigstens teilweise bereits in seiner Trägerflüssigkeit L2 redispergiert werden kann. An der zweiten Einleitungsstelle 9 werden der unbegaste Flüssigkeitsstrom L1 im Rohrleitungsabschnitt 1a mit dem Gas/Flüssigkeitsstrom (G+G*)/L2

Figure imgb0002
in der Rückführleitung 7 zusammengeführt; beide Ströme treten dann in ihrem weiteren Verlauf durch den statischen Mischer 5 und ggf. durch die sich anschließende Lösungsstrecke 5a in den gewünschten Stoffaustausch miteinander.An ungased amount of liquid L1 (liquid phase) is supplied via the pipe section 1a (see FIGS. 1, 2 and 2a), which is conveyed through the arrangement by means of the first conveying device 2, which can be a centrifugal pump, the amount of liquid L1 being the so-called continuous flow forms. A gas quantity G (gas phase) is supplied via the gas line 3. The gas flow G can be set by means of the metering device 10, which is generally designed as a throttle and control valve. At the point of introduction 4 of the gas line 3 into the return line 7, the gas / liquid flow G * / L2 formed as a two-phase flow is combined with the gas flow G, the entire gas fraction G + G * in the further course through the return line 7 being at least partially already in it Carrier liquid L2 can be redispersed. At the second introduction point 9, the non-degassed liquid flow L1 in the pipeline section 1a with the gas / liquid flow (G + G *) / L2
Figure imgb0002
merged in the return line 7; in their further course both streams then pass through the static mixer 5 and possibly through the subsequent solution section 5a into the desired mass exchange with one another.

Zusätzlich zur Flüssigkeitsströmung L1 (Durchlaufstrom) werden der statische Mischer 5 und die ggf. vorgesehene Lösungsstrecke 5a von der sich in der Rückführleitung 7 einstellenden Strömung beaufschlagt. Durch die Ausgestaltung der Trenneinrichtung 6 gemäß der Erfindung liegt in der Rückführleitung 7 die als Zweiphasenströmung ausgebildete Gas/Flüssigkeitsströmung G*/L2 vor. Letztere bildet den sogenannten Umlaufstrom, der sich dem Durchlaufstrom L1 innerhalb der Rohrleitung 1 zwischen zweiter Einleitungsstelle 9 und Trenneinrichtung 6 überlagert. Über den Ablauf 6b der Trenneinrichtung 6, der mit dem Rohrleitungsabschnitt 1b verbunden ist, wird ein blasenfreier Flüssigkeitsstrom L1* (Liquid-Phase) abgeführt. Da die zweite Fördereinrichtung 8 unter bestimmten Betriebsbedingungen neben der Zweiphasenströmung G*/L2 sowohl blasenfreie Flüssigkeit L2 als auch reines Gas G* zu fördern hat, ist sie zweckmäßigerweise als selbstansaugende Kreiselpumpe, vorzugsweise als Seitenkanalpumpe, ausgebildet. Es versteht sich, daß die zweite Fördereinrichtung 8 auch durch eine andere Pumpe, wie beispielsweise durch eine rotierende Verdrängerpumpe, insbesondere Impellerpumpe, oder Strahlpumpe, substituiert werden kann, sofern diese die geforderten Fördereigenschaften aufweist.In addition to the liquid flow L1 (continuous flow), the static mixer 5 and the solution section 5a, if provided, are acted upon by the flow which is established in the return line 7. Due to the design of the separation device 6 according to the invention in the return line 7 the gas / liquid flow G * / L2 formed as a two-phase flow. The latter forms the so-called circulation flow, which is superimposed on the flow current L1 within the pipeline 1 between the second introduction point 9 and the separation device 6. A bubble-free liquid flow L1 * (liquid phase) is discharged via the outlet 6b of the separating device 6, which is connected to the pipe section 1b. Since the second delivery device 8 has to deliver both bubble-free liquid L2 and pure gas G * in addition to the two-phase flow G * / L2 under certain operating conditions, it is expediently designed as a self-priming centrifugal pump, preferably as a side channel pump. It goes without saying that the second conveying device 8 can also be substituted by another pump, such as, for example, a rotating displacement pump, in particular an impeller pump or jet pump, provided that it has the required conveying properties.

Die in den Figuren 1 bis 2a dargestellten Anordnungen zum Durchführen des vorgeschlagenen Verfahrens sind in besonderer Weise zur sogenannten Karbonisierung von Bier geeignet. Unter Karbonisierung von Bier wird die Anreicherung des Bieres mit CO2-Gas bezeichnet, wobei die Brauereitechnik heute nach einer vollständigen Lösung einer vorgegebenen CO2-Menge in einer bestimmten Biermenge verlangt. Auslegungskriterien für eine derartige Karbonisierungsanlage sind daher zum einen die Sicherstellung einer bestimmten CO2-Konzentration im Bier und zum anderen dessen vollständige und damit blasenfreie Lösung.The arrangements shown in FIGS. 1 to 2a for carrying out the proposed method are particularly suitable for the so-called carbonization of beer. Carbonation of beer refers to the enrichment of beer with CO2 gas, whereby brewery technology today demands a complete solution of a given amount of CO2 in a certain amount of beer. Design criteria for such a carbonation plant are therefore firstly to ensure a certain CO2 concentration in the beer and secondly its complete and therefore bubble-free solution.

Ähnlich gelagerte Karbonisierungsaufgaben erwachsen in anderen Bereichen der Nahrungsmittel- und Getränkeindustrie, wo Flüssigkeiten mit einem ganz bestimmten Gehalt an CO2-Gas anzureichern sind (u.a. Limonaden, Soft-drinks).Similar carbonation tasks arise in other areas of the food and beverage industry, where liquids with a specific content of CO2 gas have to be enriched (including lemonades, soft drinks).

Die dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren zugrunde liegenden Wirkmechanismen, auf die die in diesem Umfang nicht erwartete Erhöhung der tatsächlich blasenfrei lösbaren Gasmenge entscheidend zurückzuführen ist, wurden einleitend bereits dargelegt.The mechanisms of action on which the proposed method is based, to which the increase in the amount of gas which can actually be released without bubbles to a decisive extent is to be attributed, have already been explained in the introduction.

Claims (11)

  1. Process for dissolving a quantity of gas in a flowing liquid quantity, especially for dissolving carbon dioxide in beer, in which streams of liquid (L1) and gas (G) are supplied and brought together and the gas is dispersed in the liquid, mixed therewith and part of it is dissolved therein, and subsequently a bubble-free stream of liquid (L1*) is separated from a gas/liquid mixture, and a remaining gas/liquid stream (G*/L2) is fed back and together with the supplied unaerated or aerated flow of liquid (L1 or L1/G) and the gas bubbles are redispersed in the gas/liquid mixture, characterized in that the gas/liquid mixture is subject to a flow guidance on curved tracks, causing the separation into the bubble-free stream of liquid (L1*) and the gas/liquid stream (G*/L2) to be returned.
  2. Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the stream of gas (G) is supplied to the returning gas/liquid stream (G*/L2).
  3. Process according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gas (G*, G+G*) in the returning gas/liquid stream (G*/L2 or (G+G*)/L2
    Figure imgb0005
    ) is at least partly redispersed in its support liquid (L2) before being brought together with the supplied unaerated or aerated stream of liquid (L1, L1/G).
  4. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rotational energy necessary for the flow guidance on curved tracks is generated from the energy of the flowing gas/liquid mixture.
  5. Device for implementing the process according to one of Claims 1 to 4 with an introduction point (4) for the gas (G) into the liquid (L1) flowing in a pipe (1), with a first conveying device (2) in a section (1a) of a pipe (1) and with a subsequent mixing device (5), preferably a statical one, and/or a dissolving area (5a) possibly adjacent to the latter, with a return line (7) branching off from the pipe (1) behind the mixing device (5) or the dissolving area (5a) that on the other hand flows into a pipe section (1a) at a second introduction point (9) and in which a second conveying device (8) is provided, characterized in that a separator (6) is provided in which a separation of unsolved gas bubbles from the liquid is achieved by centrifugal forces in the rotating liquid, with the mixing device (5) or the dissolving area (5a) discharging into a supply (6a) of the separator (6), and on one hand an extended section (1b) of the pipe (1) is connected to a drain (6b) of the separator (6) for the bubble-free stream of liquid (L1*) and on the other hand the return pipe (7) for the remaining gas/liquid stream (G*/L2) is connected to a top area of the separator (6).
  6. Device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the separator (6) is designed as a hydrocylone and that the return line (7) is connected to its immersion pipe (6c).
  7. Device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the separator (6) is designed as a container into which the supply (6a) discharges tangentially and from which the drain (6b) discharges tangentially in continuation of the flowing direction, through its area of contact at the drain and front side an immersion pipe (6c) being engaged partly into the interior of the container in direction of the axle and concentrically to the shell surface of the container with the immersion pipe (6c) being connected on the other hand to the return pipe (7).
  8. Device according to Claim 7, characterized in that the container is designed cylindrically, with the cylinder shell providing a height (H) substantially larger than its cross-section (D), preferably H/D = 3 to 6
    Figure imgb0006
    .
  9. Device according to one of Claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the second conveying device (8) is designed as a self-priming centrifugal pump, preferably as a lateral channel pump.
  10. Device according to one of Claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the second conveying device (8) is designed as a rotary pump, preferably as an impeller pump.
  11. Device according to one of Claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the introduction point (4) is arranged in the return pipe (7) behind the second conveying device (8) or in the pipe section (1a) in front of or behind or at the second introduction point (9).
EP93920760A 1992-11-19 1993-09-18 Process and device for dissolving a quantity of gas in a flowing liquid quantity Expired - Lifetime EP0669852B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4238971 1992-11-19
DE4238971A DE4238971C2 (en) 1992-11-19 1992-11-19 Method and arrangement for dissolving a quantity of gas in a flowing quantity of liquid
PCT/EP1993/002527 WO1994011097A1 (en) 1992-11-19 1993-09-18 Process and device for dissolving a quantity of gas in a flowing liquid quantity

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0669852A1 EP0669852A1 (en) 1995-09-06
EP0669852B1 true EP0669852B1 (en) 1996-06-12

Family

ID=6473225

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93920760A Expired - Lifetime EP0669852B1 (en) 1992-11-19 1993-09-18 Process and device for dissolving a quantity of gas in a flowing liquid quantity

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5762687A (en)
EP (1) EP0669852B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2681711B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9307485A (en)
CA (1) CA2149775A1 (en)
DE (2) DE4238971C2 (en)
DK (1) DK0669852T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2091034T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1994011097A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19801695C1 (en) * 1997-04-21 1999-05-27 Tuchenhagen Gmbh Process for starting up a liquid dosing system with in-line properties, especially in the production of soft drinks from water, syrup and carbon dioxide
DE19716447C1 (en) * 1997-04-21 1998-05-07 Tuchenhagen Gmbh Start-up process for soft drinks manufacturing assembly
AU9263498A (en) 1997-08-22 1999-03-16 Tuchenhagen Gmbh Method and device for filling non-carbonated beverages into thin-walled containers stabilised by internal pressure
RU2142074C1 (en) * 1998-04-17 1999-11-27 Попов Сергей Анатольевич Pump-ejector compressor plant (versions)
US6730214B2 (en) * 2001-10-26 2004-05-04 Angelo L. Mazzei System and apparatus for accelerating mass transfer of a gas into a liquid
DE102004007727A1 (en) * 2004-02-16 2005-09-01 Margret Spiegel Conventional carbonator systems or impregnation systems in addition at least one hollow body inline impregnator filled with bulk material to nachkarbonisieren or impregnate already carbonated or impregnated liquids
EP1998878B1 (en) * 2006-03-29 2009-06-24 Carbotek Holding GmbH Impregnator
JP5122912B2 (en) 2007-10-25 2013-01-16 サントリーホールディングス株式会社 Method for producing carbonated beverages
JP5627877B2 (en) 2009-11-18 2014-11-19 サントリーホールディングス株式会社 Method for producing carbonated beverages
DE102010025690A1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-05 Khs Gmbh Process and plant for the preparation of fluid mixtures, e.g. drinks
DE102012219159B4 (en) 2012-10-19 2024-03-07 Krones Ag Device for carbonizing a liquid medium and method for carbonizing a liquid medium
CN107008168B (en) * 2017-05-19 2023-10-31 北京东方同华科技股份有限公司 Single-cycle two-stage gas dissolving system and gas dissolving method thereof
WO2020008885A1 (en) * 2018-07-05 2020-01-09 日本スピンドル製造株式会社 Slurry manufacturing apparatus and method for manufacturing slurry
JP7260429B2 (en) * 2019-07-19 2023-04-18 株式会社荏原製作所 Gas solution manufacturing equipment

Family Cites Families (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US547816A (en) * 1895-10-15 Soda-water apparatus
US655727A (en) * 1899-02-10 1900-08-14 New Era Carbonator Company Carbonating apparatus.
DE398640C (en) * 1922-09-19 1924-07-15 Pfisterer Karl Device for the treatment of substances with different physical properties with one another
FR909115A (en) * 1944-09-27 1946-04-30 Ets Kuhlmann Device for bringing one or more gases into intimate contact with a liquid
US3256802A (en) * 1962-03-14 1966-06-21 Shasta Beverage Division Of Co Continuous carbonation system
GB1051907A (en) * 1963-05-07
US3572550A (en) * 1968-10-14 1971-03-30 Eaton Yale & Towne Method of and apparatus for carbonating, having intersecting streams of gas and liquid
DE1915135B2 (en) * 1969-03-25 1971-10-28 STARTING SWITCH FOR A SINGLE-PHASE ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR
FR2098483A5 (en) * 1970-01-27 1972-03-10 Cem Comp Electro Mec
US3900420A (en) * 1970-05-18 1975-08-19 Felix Sebba Microgas emulsions and method of forming same
FR2123649A6 (en) * 1971-01-26 1972-09-15 Cem Comp Electro Mec Liquid-gas contactor - giving high surface /volume ratio between the phases
GB1368023A (en) * 1971-02-24 1974-09-25 Zanussi A Spa Industrie Device for the production of carbonated beverages
US3780198A (en) * 1971-06-07 1973-12-18 Crown Cork & Seal Co System for carbonating beverages
US3877358A (en) * 1972-06-19 1975-04-15 Shasta Beverages Carbonated beverage system
JPS5126685A (en) * 1974-08-29 1976-03-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp
GB1589306A (en) * 1978-05-24 1981-05-13 Grace W R Ltd Method and apparatus for mixing polyurethane foam
ZA793185B (en) * 1978-08-30 1981-02-25 Dorr Oliver Inc Apparatus and process for dissolution of gases in liquid
US4483826A (en) * 1980-08-12 1984-11-20 Phillips Petroleum Company Combination reaction vessel and aspirator-mixer
US4584002A (en) * 1981-06-22 1986-04-22 Halliburton Company Recirculating foam generator
FR2530484B1 (en) * 1982-07-26 1989-09-08 Sgn Soc Gen Tech Nouvelle METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE DISSOLUTION OF GASES IN A LIQUID
FR2597003B1 (en) * 1986-04-15 1990-09-07 Air Liquide METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATING A FOOD LIQUID WITH A GAS
FR2604371B1 (en) * 1986-09-30 1990-07-06 Toulouse Inst Nal Sciences App METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EXCHANGING BETWEEN A GAS AND A LIQUID
DE3920472A1 (en) * 1989-06-22 1991-01-10 Tuchenhagen Otto Gmbh Bubble column for aerating beer wort - stops a required concn. when undissolved air is centrifugally sepd.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2149775A1 (en) 1994-05-26
JP2681711B2 (en) 1997-11-26
EP0669852A1 (en) 1995-09-06
DE59302951D1 (en) 1996-07-18
US5762687A (en) 1998-06-09
DE4238971A1 (en) 1994-05-26
BR9307485A (en) 1999-08-24
JPH07509181A (en) 1995-10-12
ES2091034T3 (en) 1996-10-16
WO1994011097A1 (en) 1994-05-26
DE4238971C2 (en) 1996-08-29
DK0669852T3 (en) 1996-10-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0669852B1 (en) Process and device for dissolving a quantity of gas in a flowing liquid quantity
EP0819101B1 (en) Plant and process for oxidizing an aqueous medium
DE60108407T2 (en) DEVICE AND METHOD FOR INCREASING THE OXYGEN CONTENT IN A LIQUID
DE2722826A1 (en) DEVICE FOR INJECTION OF GAS INTO A LIQUID
DE3047101A1 (en) METHOD FOR IMPROVING GAS DISTRIBUTION IN MAMMOTH LOOP REACTORS
DE4240572A1 (en) Pickling plant and method for operating the pickling plant
EP0044498B1 (en) Apparatus for the gasification of liquids or suspensions
DE2708653C3 (en) Plant for the treatment of pumpable waste material
DE2710516A1 (en) METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR LIQUID TREATMENT
DE2516371A1 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE SOLUTION OF GASEOUS OXYGEN IN A LIQUID
WO1995032795A1 (en) Device for mixing two fluids
DE4337091A1 (en) Method for operating a water aeration system and apparatus, in particular for carrying out the method
DE19842332A1 (en) Waste water treatment sub-divided into transport and reactor zones facilitating the simultaneous aerobic and anaerobic processes, accelerating biological break-down
DE2552228A1 (en) Microflotation of particles from waste water using microbubbles - using liq. under pressure and avoiding agglomeration of bubbles
DE2359656B2 (en) Device for clarifying waste water containing solids or the like. liquids
DE2647913A1 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GAS TRANSFER WITH DILUTION CONTROL
DE19625108C2 (en) Method and device for degassing liquids, in particular for removing oxygen from water
DE3331993A1 (en) Process and equipment for degassing gas/liquid systems without foam formation
DE3633864A1 (en) Process and apparatus for extracting metals from waste waters
DE2603798B1 (en) DEVICE FOR FASTENING LIQUIDS AND / OR LIQUID-SOLID MIXTURES
DE8524206U1 (en) Device for gas injection into liquids
DE1557197A1 (en) Method and device for stirring and homogenizing the contents of large containers
DE3920472A1 (en) Bubble column for aerating beer wort - stops a required concn. when undissolved air is centrifugally sepd.
DE2310027A1 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DISPERSING GAS IN A LIQUID
DE8608486U1 (en) Device for enriching water with oxygen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19950427

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE DK ES FR GB IT NL SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19951108

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: OTTO TUCHENHAGEN GMBH & CO. KG

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE DK ES FR GB IT NL SE

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: BARZANO' E ZANARDO MILANO S.P.A.

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59302951

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19960718

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19960802

ET Fr: translation filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2091034

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2091034

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19990705

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19990721

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 19990916

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19990928

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000918

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000919

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 20000929

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 93920760.1

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010531

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20010930

Year of fee payment: 9

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20030401

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20030901

Year of fee payment: 11

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20011011

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20040918

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20040918

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050918

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20060913

Year of fee payment: 14

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080401