EP0654356A2 - Wide track edge emitter assembly - Google Patents
Wide track edge emitter assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0654356A2 EP0654356A2 EP94308636A EP94308636A EP0654356A2 EP 0654356 A2 EP0654356 A2 EP 0654356A2 EP 94308636 A EP94308636 A EP 94308636A EP 94308636 A EP94308636 A EP 94308636A EP 0654356 A2 EP0654356 A2 EP 0654356A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- edge emitter
- assembly
- light
- emitter assemblies
- edge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/435—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material
- B41J2/447—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material using arrays of radiation sources
- B41J2/45—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material using arrays of radiation sources using light-emitting diode [LED] or laser arrays
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to a high resolution light source formed from a thin film electroluminescent edge emitter assembly and, more particularly, to a wide track edge emitter assembly adapted for greater than standard width applications.
- an electroluminescent device generally, and particularly a thin film electroluminescent edge emitting device, may be utilized to provide an electronically controlled, high resolution light source.
- a thin film electroluminescent edge emitting device may be utilized to provide an electronically controlled, high resolution light source.
- This patent discloses a thin film electroluminescent line array emitter structure which includes a first dielectric layer disposed on a common electrode, a second dielectric layer spaced from the first dielectric layer, a phosphor layer interposed between the first and second dielectric layers and an excitation or top electrode disposed on the second dielectric layer. At least one of the electrodes, for example, the excitation or top electrode, is segmented to form a plurality of individual control electrodes. The plurality of individual control electrodes in combination with the remaining structure define a plurality of individual light-emitting pixels.
- Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application KoKi Number 63-91998 discloses an EL luminescent edge emitter array in which the upper side of metallic electrode wraps around the reflecting end surface of the luminescent layer. Each of the EL elements in the array is surrounded by an insulating film whose refractive index is lower than that of the EL layer. The array further includes a discharge prevention area between the bottom electrode and the reflecting end of the top metallic electrode.
- United States Patent No. 4,951,064 discloses a thin film electroluminescent edge emitter assembly which includes a packaging assembly surrounding at least a portion of the edge emitter structure to enclose the linear array of light-emitting pixels in a contaminant-free environment.
- the wall of the packaging assembly adjacent to the array of pixels is made from a translucent material which permits light energy emitted by selected pixels of the array interior to the packaging assembly to pass through the wall of the packaging assembly.
- a series of edge emitter assemblies are provided within the same packaging to permit wide track printing.
- adjacent edge emitter end portions overlap.
- the translucent material light emitting edges of adjacent edge emitters are offset. As a result, the focal point of the adjacent edge emitter assemblies do not converge on the photoreceptor. Thus, the emitter assembly does not provide a continuous line.
- edge emitter assembly adapted to provide wide track printing wherein the edge emitter assembly provides a composite, continuous light source for a light-receiving surface.
- a thin film electroluminescent, composite light source assembly for directing light onto a light-receiving surface or photoreceptor is provided.
- An elongated rod means is positioned above the light-receiving surface.
- the rod means preferably has two angled bottom surfaces which are provided axially on the rod means.
- a plurality of edge emitter assemblies are axially arranged on the rod means.
- Each of the edge emitter assemblies includes a thin film electroluminescent edge emitter structure disposed on a layer of substrate material.
- Each edge emitter structure has a configuration to define a linear array of spaced-apart light-emitting pixels.
- Each of the pixels includes a first surface disposed on the layer of substrate material associated therewith. A second surface spaced apart from the first surface, and a light-emitting edge surface extending between the first and second surfaces.
- the plurality of edge emitter assemblies is oriented relative to each other on the rod means so that each assembly is positioned on the opposite bottom surface as that of its adjacent assemblies.
- the light emitting edge surfaces of the pixels of each of the edge emitter assemblies are focused on the same line of the light receiving surface.
- Each end portion of one of the edge emitter assemblies overlaps an end portion of one of its adjacent assemblies. This arrangement enables the light-emitting pixels of the plurality of edge emitter assemblies to form a composite array of light-emitting pixels of a desired overall length.
- Lens means can be provided on the rod means immediately in the path of the light from each edge emitter assembly to the light-receiving surface.
- the lens means is adapted to focus and direct the light from the edge emitter assembly to the desired line on the light-receiving surface.
- Figure 1 is a schematic end view of a first presently preferred embodiment of the wide track edge emitter assembly of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a schematic bottom view of the wide track edge emitter assembly of Figure 1.
- Figure 3 is a schematic end view of a second presently preferred embodiment of the wide track edge emitter assembly of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a schematic end view of a third presently preferred embodiment of the wide track edge emitter assembly of the present invention.
- the wide track edge emitter assembly design of the present invention includes two or more edge emitters mounted to a central rod to expose a page greater than 8.5 inches wide to the assembly.
- a standard edge emitter requires approximately 10 inches of space to expose 8.5 inches. Accordingly, when two or more edge emitters are used, the units must join or overlap the active part of each other and print in coincidence but without overlap to avoid double exposure. Two or more sections of a line being exposed may be aligned physically at the focal point on the photoreceptor or photo-sensitive paper. In an alternate mounting method, the emitters may be physically offset, with electronics controlling time delays between information arrivals at the various segments of the assembly.
- Figure 1 is a cross section of wide track edge emitter assembly 10.
- Assembly 10 includes a central rod 12, preferably having a generally triangular cross section.
- Rod 12 includes base 14 by which assembly 10 can be secured above a light-receiving surface 16.
- Rod 12 also includes angled sides 18 and 20 upon which a plurality of edge emitter assemblies 22 are provided.
- a lens 24 may also be provided on each of sides 18 and 20 below each edge emitter assembly 22.
- the light emitted by edge emitter assembly 22 and focused by lens 24 is directed to a single focal point 26 provided on light-receiving surface 16.
- Assembly 10 is positioned at an appropriate height above light-receiving surface 16 so that the focal point 26 for the light emitted by the assemblies 22 on both sides 18 and 20 is at the same point.
- Edge emitter assemblies 22 provided on sides 18 and 20 are axially offset from one another as shown in Figure 2. This alternating and overlapping arrangement is known in the art as stitching. By being axially offset on opposing sides 18 and 20, edge emitter assemblies 22 provide a continuous, composite array of light-emitting pixels of a desired overall length. Electrical interconnetion of the edge emitter assemblies 22 enables the continuous printing of a line on light receiving surface 16.
- rod 12 is provided with grooves 28 on each of sides 18 and 20. Grooves 28 cooperate with lips 30 provided in each edge emitter assembly 22 to provide axial adjustment of edge emitter 22 along the length of rod 12.
- each edge emitter assembly 22 can be precisely located relative to its adjacent assemblies 22.
- edge emitter assemblies 22 are also adapted to be adjustable transverse to the longitudinal axis of rod 12.
- Figures 3 and 4 show alternative embodiments for wide track edge emitter assembly 10.
- the stitching arrangement of edge emitter assemblies 22 shown in Figure 2 is applied.
- the wide track edge emitter assembly 32 of Figure 3 and wide track assembly 34 of Figure 4 merely provide different arrangements for the rod 12.
- Wide track assembly 32 of Figure 3 is narrower in cross-section but deeper in height than wide track assembly 10.
- Wide track assembly 34 of Figure 4 is wider in cross-section but shorter in height than wide track assembly 10.
- the particular arrangement of rod 12 chosen for wide track edge emitter assembly 10 is merely a function of the space available for the wide track assembly 10.
- the angle of sides 18 and 20 of rod 12 is selected so that the focal points of the edge emitting light on either side of the rod converge on light receiving surface 16 along the line to be printed.
- One advantage of the wide track edge emitter assembly 10 of the present invention is the ease with which electrical connections can be made in the assembly.
- a single conduit provided in rod 12 can be used to connect each of the edge emitter assemblies 22 to one another.
- This electrical connection can be easily arranged because the electrical connection for each edge emitter assembly 22 are made on the upper end of the assembly. Such electrical connection is strongly desirable to enable a continuous and sequential printing of a line by the combination of edge emitter assemblies 22.
- the protective coating provided on the edge emitter surface prevents the convergence of the focal points on the same line on the photoreceptor.
- electrical connections are much more difficult in the face-to-face assembly because electrical connections cannot be made in the buss bar because the connectors are on opposing sides of the bar.
- Each of lenses 24 provided on rod 12 are hard fastened to the rod 12. All the lenses are cofocused.
- Each edge emitter assembly 22 can be adjusted up or down along its respective side 18 or 20 so that it has a proper focal point 26 on light receiving surface 16.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Printers Or Recording Devices Using Electromagnetic And Radiation Means (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Facsimile Heads (AREA)
- Fastening Of Light Sources Or Lamp Holders (AREA)
Abstract
A wide track edge emitter assembly (10) is provided which includes a series of edge emitter assemblies provided on the opposing bottom surfaces of an angled rod (12). The edge emitter assemblies are provided on opposing angled surfaces in an overlapping and alternating arrangement. The focal point of each of the edge emitter assemblies is adjusted so that it falls along the same line on the light receiving surface (16) for the wide track assembly. In this manner, oversized documents having a width greater than 8.5 inches can be printed using a single wide track assembly.
Description
- This invention relates generally to a high resolution light source formed from a thin film electroluminescent edge emitter assembly and, more particularly, to a wide track edge emitter assembly adapted for greater than standard width applications.
- It is well known that an electroluminescent device generally, and particularly a thin film electroluminescent edge emitting device, may be utilized to provide an electronically controlled, high resolution light source. One such type of application is disclosed in United States Patent No. 4,535,341 to Kun et al. which is assigned to the assignee of the present invention.
- This patent discloses a thin film electroluminescent line array emitter structure which includes a first dielectric layer disposed on a common electrode, a second dielectric layer spaced from the first dielectric layer, a phosphor layer interposed between the first and second dielectric layers and an excitation or top electrode disposed on the second dielectric layer. At least one of the electrodes, for example, the excitation or top electrode, is segmented to form a plurality of individual control electrodes. The plurality of individual control electrodes in combination with the remaining structure define a plurality of individual light-emitting pixels.
- Another example of a device which utilizes an electroluminescent light-emitting unit as a light source is illustrated in United States Patent No. 4,734,723. This patent discloses an electrophotographic printer which includes an optical head formed from a plurality of electroluminescent devices positioned along one edge of a substrate. A plurality of light wave guide strips are also formed on the substrate in association with the electroluminescent devices, and the wave guide strips serve to transmit the light from the electroluminescent devices to the other edge of the substrate which is brought into a face-to-face relationship with the printer photoreceptor.
- Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application KoKi Number 63-91998 discloses an EL luminescent edge emitter array in which the upper side of metallic electrode wraps around the reflecting end surface of the luminescent layer. Each of the EL elements in the array is surrounded by an insulating film whose refractive index is lower than that of the EL layer. The array further includes a discharge prevention area between the bottom electrode and the reflecting end of the top metallic electrode.
- United States Patent No. 4,951,064 discloses a thin film electroluminescent edge emitter assembly which includes a packaging assembly surrounding at least a portion of the edge emitter structure to enclose the linear array of light-emitting pixels in a contaminant-free environment. The wall of the packaging assembly adjacent to the array of pixels is made from a translucent material which permits light energy emitted by selected pixels of the array interior to the packaging assembly to pass through the wall of the packaging assembly. In one embodiment of the assembly shown as Figure 7, a series of edge emitter assemblies are provided within the same packaging to permit wide track printing. In this embodiment, adjacent edge emitter end portions overlap. However, because of the translucent material, light emitting edges of adjacent edge emitters are offset. As a result, the focal point of the adjacent edge emitter assemblies do not converge on the photoreceptor. Thus, the emitter assembly does not provide a continuous line.
- Therefore, there is a need for a thin film electroluminescent edge emitter assembly adapted to provide wide track printing wherein the edge emitter assembly provides a composite, continuous light source for a light-receiving surface.
- A thin film electroluminescent, composite light source assembly for directing light onto a light-receiving surface or photoreceptor is provided. An elongated rod means is positioned above the light-receiving surface. The rod means preferably has two angled bottom surfaces which are provided axially on the rod means.
- A plurality of edge emitter assemblies are axially arranged on the rod means. Each of the edge emitter assemblies includes a thin film electroluminescent edge emitter structure disposed on a layer of substrate material. Each edge emitter structure has a configuration to define a linear array of spaced-apart light-emitting pixels. Each of the pixels includes a first surface disposed on the layer of substrate material associated therewith. A second surface spaced apart from the first surface, and a light-emitting edge surface extending between the first and second surfaces.
- The plurality of edge emitter assemblies is oriented relative to each other on the rod means so that each assembly is positioned on the opposite bottom surface as that of its adjacent assemblies. In this arrangement, the light emitting edge surfaces of the pixels of each of the edge emitter assemblies are focused on the same line of the light receiving surface. Each end portion of one of the edge emitter assemblies overlaps an end portion of one of its adjacent assemblies. This arrangement enables the light-emitting pixels of the plurality of edge emitter assemblies to form a composite array of light-emitting pixels of a desired overall length.
- Lens means can be provided on the rod means immediately in the path of the light from each edge emitter assembly to the light-receiving surface. The lens means is adapted to focus and direct the light from the edge emitter assembly to the desired line on the light-receiving surface.
- Figure 1 is a schematic end view of a first presently preferred embodiment of the wide track edge emitter assembly of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a schematic bottom view of the wide track edge emitter assembly of Figure 1.
- Figure 3 is a schematic end view of a second presently preferred embodiment of the wide track edge emitter assembly of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a schematic end view of a third presently preferred embodiment of the wide track edge emitter assembly of the present invention.
- The wide track edge emitter assembly design of the present invention includes two or more edge emitters mounted to a central rod to expose a page greater than 8.5 inches wide to the assembly. A standard edge emitter requires approximately 10 inches of space to expose 8.5 inches. Accordingly, when two or more edge emitters are used, the units must join or overlap the active part of each other and print in coincidence but without overlap to avoid double exposure. Two or more sections of a line being exposed may be aligned physically at the focal point on the photoreceptor or photo-sensitive paper. In an alternate mounting method, the emitters may be physically offset, with electronics controlling time delays between information arrivals at the various segments of the assembly.
- Figure 1 is a cross section of wide track
edge emitter assembly 10.Assembly 10 includes acentral rod 12, preferably having a generally triangular cross section.Rod 12 includesbase 14 by whichassembly 10 can be secured above a light-receivingsurface 16.Rod 12 also includesangled sides edge emitter assemblies 22 are provided. Alens 24 may also be provided on each ofsides edge emitter assembly 22. The light emitted byedge emitter assembly 22 and focused bylens 24 is directed to a singlefocal point 26 provided on light-receivingsurface 16.Assembly 10 is positioned at an appropriate height above light-receivingsurface 16 so that thefocal point 26 for the light emitted by theassemblies 22 on bothsides -
Edge emitter assemblies 22 provided onsides opposing sides edge emitter assemblies 22 provide a continuous, composite array of light-emitting pixels of a desired overall length. Electrical interconnetion of the edge emitter assemblies 22 enables the continuous printing of a line onlight receiving surface 16. - In the embodiment shown in Figure 1,
rod 12 is provided withgrooves 28 on each ofsides Grooves 28 cooperate withlips 30 provided in eachedge emitter assembly 22 to provide axial adjustment ofedge emitter 22 along the length ofrod 12. Thus, eachedge emitter assembly 22 can be precisely located relative to itsadjacent assemblies 22. In addition,edge emitter assemblies 22 are also adapted to be adjustable transverse to the longitudinal axis ofrod 12. - Figures 3 and 4 show alternative embodiments for wide track
edge emitter assembly 10. In each of Figures 3 and 4, the stitching arrangement ofedge emitter assemblies 22 shown in Figure 2 is applied. The wide trackedge emitter assembly 32 of Figure 3 andwide track assembly 34 of Figure 4 merely provide different arrangements for therod 12.Wide track assembly 32 of Figure 3 is narrower in cross-section but deeper in height thanwide track assembly 10.Wide track assembly 34 of Figure 4 is wider in cross-section but shorter in height thanwide track assembly 10. The particular arrangement ofrod 12 chosen for wide trackedge emitter assembly 10 is merely a function of the space available for thewide track assembly 10. - The angle of
sides rod 12 is selected so that the focal points of the edge emitting light on either side of the rod converge on light receivingsurface 16 along the line to be printed. - One advantage of the wide track
edge emitter assembly 10 of the present invention is the ease with which electrical connections can be made in the assembly. A single conduit provided inrod 12 can be used to connect each of theedge emitter assemblies 22 to one another. This electrical connection can be easily arranged because the electrical connection for eachedge emitter assembly 22 are made on the upper end of the assembly. Such electrical connection is strongly desirable to enable a continuous and sequential printing of a line by the combination ofedge emitter assemblies 22. - In the face-to-face edge emitter assemblies of the prior art, the protective coating provided on the edge emitter surface prevents the convergence of the focal points on the same line on the photoreceptor. Moreover, electrical connections are much more difficult in the face-to-face assembly because electrical connections cannot be made in the buss bar because the connectors are on opposing sides of the bar.
- Each of
lenses 24 provided onrod 12 are hard fastened to therod 12. All the lenses are cofocused. Eachedge emitter assembly 22 can be adjusted up or down along itsrespective side focal point 26 onlight receiving surface 16. - In the foregoing specification certain preferred practices and embodiments of this invention have been set out, however, it will be understood that the invention may be otherwise embodied within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (7)
- A thin film electroluminescent, composite light source assembly (10) for directing light on to a light-receiving.surface (16), comprising:a. elongated rod means (12) provided above said surface (16), said rod means (12) having two angled bottom surfaces (18, 20) provided axially thereon; andb. a plurality of edge emitter assemblies (22) axially arranged on said rod means (12), each of said plurality of edge emitter assemblies (22) including a thin film electroluminescent edge emitter structure disposed on a layer of substrate material, each structure having a configuration to define a linear array of spaced-apart, light-emitting pixels, each said pixel of each said structure including a first surface disposed on the layer of substrate material associated therewith, a second surface spaced from said first surface and a light-emitting edge surface extending between said first and second surfaces, said plurality of edge emitter assemblies (22) being oriented relative to each other on said rod means (12) so that each assembly (22) is positioned on the opposite bottom surface (18, 20) as that of its adjacent assemblies (22), with the light emitting edge surfaces of said pixels of each of said edge emitter assemblies being focussed (26) on the same line of said light-receiving surface (16), adjacent end portions of each of said plurality of edge emitter assemblies (22) overlapping each other to provide that the light-emitting pixels of said plurality of edge emitter assemblies (22) form a composite array of light-emitting pixels of desired overall length.
- The assembly (10) of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of lens means (24) provided on said rod means (12), each of said plurality of lens means (24) positioned on one of said two angled bottom surfaces (18, 20) of said rod means (12) adjacent to one of said plurality of edge emitter assemblies (22), said lens means (24) adapted to focus (26) and direct the light from said assembly (22) to said light-receiving surface (16).
- The assembly (10) of claim 2 wherein each of said plurality of edge emitter assemblies (22) is adjustable axially on said rod means (12).
- The assembly (10) of claim 1 wherein each of said plurality of edge emitter assemblies (22) is adjustable axially on said rod means (12).
- The assembly (10) of claim 1 wherein each of said plurality of edge emitter assemblies (22) is transversely adjustable on said rod means (12).
- The assembly (10) of claim 1 wherein said rod means (12) is generally triangular in cross-section, said cross-section including a base (14) and two sides (18, 20), each of said plurality of edge emitter assemblies (22) provided on one of said sides (18, 20) of said cross-section.
- The assembly (10) of claim 6 wherein each side of said cross-section is grooved, said groove (28) corresponding to a lip (30) provided on each of said plurality of edge emitter assemblies (22) to permit axial adjustment of each of said edge emitter assemblies (22) on said rod means (12).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15775693A | 1993-11-24 | 1993-11-24 | |
US157756 | 1993-11-24 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0654356A2 true EP0654356A2 (en) | 1995-05-24 |
EP0654356A3 EP0654356A3 (en) | 1998-01-07 |
Family
ID=22565133
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94308636A Withdrawn EP0654356A3 (en) | 1993-11-24 | 1994-11-23 | Wide track edge emitter assembly |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0654356A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH07232453A (en) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4318597A (en) * | 1979-08-21 | 1982-03-09 | Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. | Optical print head for optical printing devices |
JPS61205154A (en) * | 1985-03-08 | 1986-09-11 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for aligning light emitting element module in optical printing head |
JPS63112172A (en) * | 1986-10-31 | 1988-05-17 | Nec Corp | Light emitting diode array head |
US4875057A (en) * | 1988-09-01 | 1989-10-17 | Eastman Kodak Company | Modular optical printhead for hard copy printers |
US4899184A (en) * | 1989-04-24 | 1990-02-06 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Multiplexed thin film electroluminescent edge emitter structure and electronic drive system therefrom |
EP0428088A2 (en) * | 1989-11-13 | 1991-05-22 | Alcatel SEL Aktiengesellschaft | Electrooptical printer |
JPH05100555A (en) * | 1991-10-11 | 1993-04-23 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Optical head |
-
1994
- 1994-11-16 JP JP30828894A patent/JPH07232453A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-11-23 EP EP94308636A patent/EP0654356A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4318597A (en) * | 1979-08-21 | 1982-03-09 | Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. | Optical print head for optical printing devices |
JPS61205154A (en) * | 1985-03-08 | 1986-09-11 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for aligning light emitting element module in optical printing head |
JPS63112172A (en) * | 1986-10-31 | 1988-05-17 | Nec Corp | Light emitting diode array head |
US4875057A (en) * | 1988-09-01 | 1989-10-17 | Eastman Kodak Company | Modular optical printhead for hard copy printers |
US4899184A (en) * | 1989-04-24 | 1990-02-06 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Multiplexed thin film electroluminescent edge emitter structure and electronic drive system therefrom |
EP0428088A2 (en) * | 1989-11-13 | 1991-05-22 | Alcatel SEL Aktiengesellschaft | Electrooptical printer |
JPH05100555A (en) * | 1991-10-11 | 1993-04-23 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Optical head |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 011, no. 039 (M-559), 5 February 1987 & JP 61 205154 A (OKI ELECTRIC IND CO LTD), 11 September 1986, * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 356 (M-745), 26 September 1988 & JP 63 112172 A (NEC CORP), 17 May 1988, * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 451 (P-1595), 18 August 1993 & JP 05 100555 A (MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC IND CO LTD), 23 April 1993, * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH07232453A (en) | 1995-09-05 |
EP0654356A3 (en) | 1998-01-07 |
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