EP0648563A1 - Method to cast a piece of cast iron or another metal with high melting point - Google Patents
Method to cast a piece of cast iron or another metal with high melting point Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0648563A1 EP0648563A1 EP94402317A EP94402317A EP0648563A1 EP 0648563 A1 EP0648563 A1 EP 0648563A1 EP 94402317 A EP94402317 A EP 94402317A EP 94402317 A EP94402317 A EP 94402317A EP 0648563 A1 EP0648563 A1 EP 0648563A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- envelope
- cast iron
- cast
- sheets
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for molding parts of cast iron or any other metal having a high melting temperature.
- a first method consists in using a sand mold in which the cast iron is poured. This process is generally implemented to produce parts of a large volume requiring unit manufacturing.
- sand is a material liable to be contaminated in contact with radioactive cast iron.
- the cast iron parts thus molded must undergo a control of their radioactivity. This process therefore leads to a large amount of waste, the disposal of which is expensive.
- a second method consists in using a shell mold comprising an internal shell and an external shell between which the cast iron is poured.
- the shells are then cooled, generally by a circulation of fluids, to allow the part to be removed from the mold.
- This process has the disadvantage of being rigid; it can therefore only be used for simple shapes and, preferably, for the production of parts in series.
- the shells being cooled by the circulation of a fluid, risks of contact of the fluid with the molten iron are to be expected; also, such a process cannot be implemented in a nuclear installation.
- a third molding process involves spraying the molten iron onto a rapidly rotating central shell cooled by a fluid. It is a centrifugal molding process.
- This method has drawbacks which are substantially identical to those of the second method presented above.
- this process presents a risk of rupture of the rotating part, the consequences of which could be considerable.
- the implementation of such a process cannot therefore be envisaged in a nuclear installation due to its lack of reliability.
- the subject of the present invention is precisely a process for molding cast iron parts (or of other metals with a high melting temperature) by means of collaborating forms, also called envelopes; for an application to the nuclear industry, the metal used to mold the part can be a more or less radioactive recycled metal.
- the production of the envelope may consist in welding sheets inside which the second metal is poured.
- the first metal is steel and the second metal is cast iron.
- the aggregates are preferably steel balls.
- this process allows the production of radioactive waste containers from recycled ferrous metals.
- FIG. 1 therefore represents the collaborating formwork 1, or envelope 1, used to produce, according to the method of the invention, a container capable of receiving, for example, radioactive waste.
- the envelope produced for the implementation of this method of the invention comprises an outer sheet 2 that is cylindrical and an inner sheet 4 that is cylindrical and concentric with the outer sheet 2.
- the envelope can be of rectangular shape or of any other shape.
- All the sheets 2, 4, 2b, 2a, 4a, made of a first metal, are welded together to form the envelope.
- this first metal is steel, steel having the property of being resistant to tension and compression.
- the sheets 2 and 4 are held in a fixed position relative to each other by means of metal inserts. According to the example of FIG. 1, the sheets 2 and 4 are held, at their upper ends, by six inserts welded on the one hand to the sheet 2 and on the other hand to the sheet 4. At the lower ends of the sheets 2 and 4, four metal inserts 8 are welded, on the one hand on the external face of the bottom 4a of the sheet 4 and on the other hand on the bottom 2a of the sheet 2.
- the number of metal inserts holding the two sheets is, of course, given by way of example and may vary depending on the strength of the metals used and the shape of the parts to be molded.
- the envelope may comprise only one sheet, no metal insert is then necessary.
- this collaborating formwork, or envelope When this collaborating formwork, or envelope, is produced, it is introduced into a box 10, the bottom of which is covered with aggregates. A multitude of aggregates 12 are then deposited in the box 10, all around the envelope.
- aggregates can also be introduced inside the envelope.
- aggregates are introduced inside the internal sheet 4. These aggregates maintain the envelope during the introduction of the cast iron.
- These aggregates 12 which can for example be steel balls, make it possible to prevent any deformation of the sheets 2 and 4 during the casting of the molten iron, the temperature of the sheets possibly reaching approximately 1000 C. At such a temperature , the sheets risk, in fact, deforming under the pressure of the cast iron.
- These steel balls have a size of about 0.3 to 5 mm in diameter.
- the aggregates 12 have, moreover, a preponderant role in the evacuation of the calories resulting from the casting of the molten iron, these aggregates having a high calorific capacity.
- the collaborating forms may, as required, include reinforcements, inserts, reserves, notches, etc.
- the molten iron is, in turn, introduced into the casing 1 and, in particular between the sheets 2 and 4 for the example of FIG. 1, by a few orifices 3.
- the casting of molten iron is divided into several jets distributed over the surface of the envelope.
- Such a distribution of the cast iron ensures a better distribution of the forces due to the pressure of the molten iron on the sheets as well as of the calories due to the high temperature of the molten iron.
- Such an embodiment makes it possible to mold parts of small thickness using jets of molten cast iron of small diameter.
- the casting speed of the cast iron can be adapted to allow faster solidification of the cast iron, which reduces the pressure on the sheet 4 of the casing 1 (ferrostatic pressure effect).
- the aggregates are evacuated (by tilting or aspiration) and the molded part is recovered.
- the walls, respectively, external of the sheet 2 and internal of the sheet 4 can be previously coated with a product. poteyage.
- a cover can be produced, by this same process, to adapt to the container shown in FIG. 1.
- the container shown in this figure 2 therefore comprises the casing 1 made of steel sheets collaborating with the solidified cast iron 3.
- the steel / cast iron / sandwich steel combination has excellent strength characteristics, the cast iron having good compressive strength and the steel having good tensile and compressive strength as well as good elongation capacity allowing absorb shock. This association also constitutes good protection against radioactivity.
- FIG. 2 also shows the groove 14 for gripping the container (of ANORA® type shell C), as well as the metal inserts 6.
- This cover 16 of the container comprises an envelope 18 made of steel sheets collaborating with a layer of cast iron 20.
- the cover 16 is fixed to the container by means of a screwing system.
- This screwing system consists of several tapped holes made in the cover and in the container, inside which screws are inserted.
- two tapped holes 22 and two screws 24 are introduced introduced into said tapped holes 22.
- the fixing of the cover to the container can be achieved by means of a weld bead deposited between the cover and the container, this fixing also ensuring the tightness of the assembly.
- the method of the invention can be implemented to produce all kinds of anti-radiation protections such as doors, walls, floors, etc., the thickness of which can vary from about 40 to 350 millimeters.
- This process therefore makes it possible to produce radiation protection using the ferrous metals recycled from the nuclear industry.
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Abstract
Description
La présente invention a pour objet un procédé pour mouler des pièces en fonte ou en tout autre métal présentant une température de fusion élevée.The present invention relates to a method for molding parts of cast iron or any other metal having a high melting temperature.
Elle trouve des applications dans de nombreux domaines de l'industrie nécessitant des pièces en fonte ou en un autre métal ayant une température de fusion élevée. En particulier, elle trouve une application dans l'industrie nucléaire pour le recyclage de métaux ferreux susceptibles d'être radioactifs.It finds applications in many areas of industry requiring parts made of cast iron or another metal having a high melting temperature. In particular, it finds an application in the nuclear industry for the recycling of ferrous metals which may be radioactive.
De nombreux procédés de moulage de pièces en fonte sont actuellement connus.Many methods of molding cast iron parts are currently known.
Un premier procédé consiste à utiliser un moule en sable dans lequel est coulée la fonte. Ce procédé est généralement mis en oeuvre pour réaliser des pièces d'un volume important nécessitant une fabrication à l'unité. Or, le sable est un matériau susceptible d'être contaminé au contact de la fonte radioactive. Aussi, pour être utilisées dans une installation nucléaire ventilée et continuellement en dépression, les pièces en fonte ainsi moulées doivent subir un contrôle de leur radioactivité. Ce procédé conduit donc à une grande quantité de déchets dont l'élimination est onéreuse.A first method consists in using a sand mold in which the cast iron is poured. This process is generally implemented to produce parts of a large volume requiring unit manufacturing. However, sand is a material liable to be contaminated in contact with radioactive cast iron. Also, to be used in a ventilated nuclear installation and continuously under vacuum, the cast iron parts thus molded must undergo a control of their radioactivity. This process therefore leads to a large amount of waste, the disposal of which is expensive.
Un second procédé consiste à utiliser un moule en coquille comportant une coquille interne et une coquille externe entre lesquelles est coulée la fonte. Les coquilles sont ensuite refroidies, généralement par une circulation de fluides, pour permettre le démoulage de la pièce. Ce procédé a pour inconvénient d'être rigide ; il ne peut donc être mis en oeuvre que pour des forme simples et, de préférence, pour la fabrication de pièces en série. En outre, les coquilles étant refroidies par la circulation d'un fluide, des risques de contact du fluide avec la fonte en fusion sont à prévoir ; aussi, un tel procédé ne peut être mis en oeuvre dans une installation nucléaire.A second method consists in using a shell mold comprising an internal shell and an external shell between which the cast iron is poured. The shells are then cooled, generally by a circulation of fluids, to allow the part to be removed from the mold. This process has the disadvantage of being rigid; it can therefore only be used for simple shapes and, preferably, for the production of parts in series. In addition, the shells being cooled by the circulation of a fluid, risks of contact of the fluid with the molten iron are to be expected; also, such a process cannot be implemented in a nuclear installation.
Un troisième procédé de moulage consiste à projeter la fonte en fusion sur une coquille centrale tournant rapidement et refroidie par un fluide. Il s'agit d'un procédé de moulage par centrifugation. Ce procédé présente des inconvénients sensiblement identiques à ceux du second procédé présenté ci-dessus. De plus, ce procédé présente un risque de rupture de la partie tournante dont les conséquences pourraient être considérables. La mise en oeuvre d'un tel procédé ne peut donc pas être envisageable dans une installation nucléaire du fait de son manque de fiabilité.A third molding process involves spraying the molten iron onto a rapidly rotating central shell cooled by a fluid. It is a centrifugal molding process. This method has drawbacks which are substantially identical to those of the second method presented above. In addition, this process presents a risk of rupture of the rotating part, the consequences of which could be considerable. The implementation of such a process cannot therefore be envisaged in a nuclear installation due to its lack of reliability.
Par ailleurs, il est connu de mouler des pièces en plomb en utilisant des coffrages collaborants, c'est-à-dire des coffrages dont au moins une partie dudit coffrage adhère au plomb pour former la pièce désirée.Furthermore, it is known to mold lead parts using collaborating formwork, that is to say formwork of which at least part of said formwork adheres to lead to form the desired part.
Le plomb présentant un point de fusion nettement inférieur (325°C) au point de fusion de la fonte (1 200°C), ainsi que de l'acier et de bien d'autres métaux, il ne peut pas être mis en oeuvre pour réaliser des pièces en fonte ou en tout autre métal ayant une température de fusion élevée.Since lead has a significantly lower melting point (325 ° C) than the melting point of cast iron (1,200 ° C), as well as steel and many other metals, it cannot be used for make parts of cast iron or any other metal with a high melting temperature.
La présente invention a justement pour objet un procédé pour mouler des pièces en fonte (ou en d'autres métaux à température de fusion élevée) au moyen de coffrages collaborants, appelés aussi enveloppes ; pour une application à l'industrie nucléaire, le métal utilisé pour mouler la pièce peut être un métal recyclé plus ou moins radioactif.The subject of the present invention is precisely a process for molding cast iron parts (or of other metals with a high melting temperature) by means of collaborating forms, also called envelopes; for an application to the nuclear industry, the metal used to mold the part can be a more or less radioactive recycled metal.
De façon plus précise, ce procédé pour mouler des pièces en métaux présentant des températures de fusion élevées consiste, pour chaque pièce à mouler, à :
- réaliser une enveloppe par assemblage de tôles en un premier métal,
- disposer des granulats autour de cette enveloppe,
- couler un second métal en fusion dans ladite enveloppe,
- après refroidissement et solidification du second métal, retirer les granulats, ledit second métal solidifié collaborant avec l'enveloppe en premier métal pour réaliser la pièce.
- make an envelope by assembling sheets of first metal,
- dispose of the aggregates around this envelope,
- pour a second molten metal into said envelope,
- after cooling and solidification of the second metal, remove the aggregates, said second solidified metal collaborating with the envelope of first metal to produce the part.
Selon l'invention, la réalisation de l'enveloppe peut consister à souder des tôles à l'intérieur desquelles est coulé le second métal.According to the invention, the production of the envelope may consist in welding sheets inside which the second metal is poured.
Elle consiste en outre, à souder des inserts métalliques sur les tôles pour les maintenir en position fixe lors de la coulée du second métal.It also consists in welding metal inserts on the sheets to keep them in a fixed position during the casting of the second metal.
Selon le mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le premier métal est de l'acier et le second métal est de la fonte.According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the first metal is steel and the second metal is cast iron.
Les granulats sont préférentiellement des billes d'acier.The aggregates are preferably steel balls.
Selon une application de l'invention, ce procédé permet la réalisation de conteneurs de déchets radioactifs à partir de métaux ferreux recyclés.According to an application of the invention, this process allows the production of radioactive waste containers from recycled ferrous metals.
- · la figure 1 représente une vue en perspective partiellement coupée d'un coffrage collaborant pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention ;· Figure 1 shows a partially cut perspective view of a formwork collaborating for the implementation of the method according to the invention;
- · la figure 2 représente, schématiquement, une vue en coupe d'un conteneur de déchets radioactifs réalisé selon le procédé de l'invention.· Figure 2 shows, schematically, a sectional view of a radioactive waste container produced according to the method of the invention.
Dans la description qui va suivre, le procédé de l'invention va être décrit dans son application à la réalisation d'un conteneur en fonte. Il peut, cependant, être mis en oeuvre pour réaliser toutes sortes de pièces de formes et de poids très variés, en fonte ou en tout autre métal présentant une température de fusion élevée.In the following description, the process of the invention will be described in its application to the production of a cast iron container. It can, however, be used to produce all kinds of parts of very varied shapes and weights, made of cast iron or any other metal having a high melting temperature.
La figure 1 représente donc le coffrage collaborant 1, ou enveloppe 1, utilisé pour réaliser, selon le procédé de l'invention, un conteneur apte à recevoir, par exemple, des déchets radioactifs. L'enveloppe réalisée pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé de l'invention, comporte une tôle extérieure 2 cylindrique et une tôle intérieure 4 cylindrique et concentrique à la tôle extérieure 2.FIG. 1 therefore represents the collaborating formwork 1, or envelope 1, used to produce, according to the method of the invention, a container capable of receiving, for example, radioactive waste. The envelope produced for the implementation of this method of the invention comprises an
Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, non représenté sur la figure, l'enveloppe peut être de forme parallélépipédique ou d'une toute autre forme.According to another embodiment of the invention, not shown in the figure, the envelope can be of rectangular shape or of any other shape.
Les extrémités inférieures de ces tôles 2 et 4 sont fermées par des fonds 2a et 4a. A leurs extrémités supérieures une tôle 2b assure une fermeture de l'enveloppe. Cette tôle 2b comporte cependant des orifices 3 de remplissage.The lower ends of these
Toutes les tôles 2, 4, 2b, 2a, 4a, réalisées en un premier métal, sont soudées entre elles pour former l'enveloppe.All the
Selon le mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, ce premier métal est de l'acier, l'acier ayant la propriété d'être résistant en traction et en compression.According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, this first metal is steel, steel having the property of being resistant to tension and compression.
Les tôles 2 et 4 sont maintenues dans une position fixe l'une par rapport à l'autre au moyen d'inserts métalliques. Selon l'exemple de la figure 1, les tôles 2 et 4 sont maintenues, à leurs extrémités supérieures, par six inserts soudés d'une part sur la tôle 2 et d'autre part sur la tôle 4. Aux extrémités inférieures des tôles 2 et 4, quatre inserts métalliques 8 sont soudés, d'une part sur la face extérieure du fond 4a de la tôle 4 et d'autre part sur le fond 2a de la tôle 2.The
Le nombre d'inserts métalliques maintenant les deux tôles est, bien entendu, donné à titre d'exemple et peut varier en fonction de la résistance des métaux employés et de la forme des pièces à mouler.The number of metal inserts holding the two sheets is, of course, given by way of example and may vary depending on the strength of the metals used and the shape of the parts to be molded.
Pour des pièces à mouler de forme très simple, l'enveloppe peut ne comporter qu'une seule tôle, aucun insert métallique n'est alors nécessaire.For very simple shape molding parts, the envelope may comprise only one sheet, no metal insert is then necessary.
Lorsque ce coffrage collaborant, ou enveloppe, est réalisé, il est introduit dans un caisson 10 dont le fond est recouvert de granulats. Une multitude de granulats 12 sont ensuite déposés dans le caisson 10, tout autour de l'enveloppe.When this collaborating formwork, or envelope, is produced, it is introduced into a
Selon la forme des pièces à mouler, des granulats peuvent être également introduits à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe. En particulier, pour l'exemple de l'enveloppe de la figure 1, des granulats sont introduits à l'intérieur de la tôle intérieure 4. Ces granulats assurent le maintien de l'enveloppe lors de l'introduction de la fonte.Depending on the shape of the parts to be molded, aggregates can also be introduced inside the envelope. In particular, for the example of the envelope of FIG. 1, aggregates are introduced inside the
Ces granulats 12, qui peuvent être par exemple des billes d'acier, permettent d'empêcher toutes déformations des tôles 2 et 4 lors de la coulée de la fonte en fusion, la température des tôles pouvant atteindre environ 1000 C. A une telle température, les tôles risquent, en effet, de se déformer sous la pression de la coulée de fonte.These
Ces billes d'acier ont une taille d'environ 0,3 à 5 mm de diamètre.These steel balls have a size of about 0.3 to 5 mm in diameter.
Les granulats 12 ont, en outre, un rôle prépondérant dans l'évacuation des calories résultant de la coulée de la fonte en fusion, ces granulats ayant une forte capacité calorifique.The
En outre, les coffrages collaborants, du type décrit précédemment, peuvent, selon les besoins, comporter des renforts, des inserts, des réserves, des encoches, etc.In addition, the collaborating forms, of the type described above, may, as required, include reinforcements, inserts, reserves, notches, etc.
Lorsque les granulats ont été introduits, la fonte en fusion est, à son tour, introduite dans l'enveloppe 1 et, en particulier entre les tôles 2 et 4 pour l'exemple de la figure 1, par quelques orifices 3.When the aggregates have been introduced, the molten iron is, in turn, introduced into the casing 1 and, in particular between the
Selon un mode de réalisation du procédé, la coulée de fonte en fusion est divisée en plusieurs jets répartis à la surface de l'enveloppe. Une telle distribution de la coulée de fonte assure une meilleure répartition des efforts dus à la pression de la fonte en fusion sur les tôles ainsi que des calories dues à la forte température de la fonte en fusion.According to one embodiment of the method, the casting of molten iron is divided into several jets distributed over the surface of the envelope. Such a distribution of the cast iron ensures a better distribution of the forces due to the pressure of the molten iron on the sheets as well as of the calories due to the high temperature of the molten iron.
Un tel mode de réalisation permet de mouler des pièces de faible épaisseur en utilisant des jets de fonte en fusion de faible diamètre.Such an embodiment makes it possible to mold parts of small thickness using jets of molten cast iron of small diameter.
En outre, la vitesse de coulée de la fonte peut être adaptée afin de permettre une solidification plus rapide de la fonte, ce qui réduit la pression subie par la tôle 4 de l'enveloppe 1 (effet de pression ferrostatique).In addition, the casting speed of the cast iron can be adapted to allow faster solidification of the cast iron, which reduces the pressure on the
Lorsque la fonte ainsi coulée est refroidie, les granulats sont évacués (par basculement ou aspiration) et la pièce moulée est récupérée.When the cast iron thus cast is cooled, the aggregates are evacuated (by tilting or aspiration) and the molded part is recovered.
Afin de permettre une évacuation plus aisée des granulats 12, et donc de limiter les risques de collage des granulats contre l'enveloppe, les parois, respectivement, externe de la tôle 2 et interne de la tôle 4 peuvent être préalablement enduites d'un produit de poteyage.In order to allow an easier evacuation of the
On a décrit précédemment la réalisation, selon le procédé de l'invention, d'un conteneur en fonte. Un couvercle peut être réalisé, par ce même procédé, pour s'adapter sur le conteneur montré sur la figure 1.We have previously described the production, according to the method of the invention, of a cast iron container. A cover can be produced, by this same process, to adapt to the container shown in FIG. 1.
Sur la figure 2, on a représenté, en coupe, le conteneur de la figure 1, avec son couvercle, obtenu par le procédé de l'invention.In Figure 2, there is shown, in section, the container of Figure 1, with its cover, obtained by the method of the invention.
Les références, portées sur cette figure 2, qui sont identiques aux références de la figure 1 représentent des éléments identiques.The references, given in this FIG. 2, which are identical to the references in FIG. 1, represent identical elements.
Le conteneur représenté sur cette figure 2 comporte donc l'enveloppe 1 en tôles d'acier collaborant avec la fonte 3 solidifiée. L'association acier/fonte/acier en "sandwich" présente des caractéristiques de résistance excellentes, la fonte ayant une bonne résistance en compression et l'acier ayant une bonne résistance en traction et en compression ainsi qu'une bonne capacité d'allongement permettant d'absorber les chocs. Cette association constitue, en outre, une bonne protection contre la radioactivité.The container shown in this figure 2 therefore comprises the casing 1 made of steel sheets collaborating with the solidified
On a également représenté sur la figure 2 la rainure 14 de préhension du conteneur (de type ANORA® coque C), ainsi que les inserts métalliques 6.FIG. 2 also shows the
En outre, on a représenté le couvercle 16 du conteneur. Ce couvercle comporte une enveloppe 18 en tôles d'acier collaborant avec une couche de fonte 20.In addition, there is shown the
Selon l'exemple représenté sur cette figure 2, le couvercle 16 est fixé sur le conteneur au moyen d'un système de vissage. Ce système de vissage consiste en plusieurs trous taraudés réalisés dans le couvercle et dans le conteneur, à l'intérieur desquels sont introduites des vis. Sur la figure 2, on a représenté deux trous taraudés 22 et deux vis 24 introduites dans lesdits trous taraudés 22.According to the example shown in this figure 2, the
Selon un autre exemple, la fixation du couvercle sur le conteneur peut être réalisé au moyen d'un cordon de soudure déposé entre le couvercle et le conteneur, cette fixation assurant en outre l'étanchéité de l'ensemble.According to another example, the fixing of the cover to the container can be achieved by means of a weld bead deposited between the cover and the container, this fixing also ensuring the tightness of the assembly.
Outre l'application au conteneur de déchets radioactifs, le procédé de l'invention peut être mis en oeuvre pour réaliser toutes sortes de protections anti-rayonnements telles que des portes, des murs, des sols, etc., dont l'épaisseur peut varier d'environ 40 à 350 millimètres.In addition to the application to the container of radioactive waste, the method of the invention can be implemented to produce all kinds of anti-radiation protections such as doors, walls, floors, etc., the thickness of which can vary from about 40 to 350 millimeters.
Ce procédé permet donc de réaliser des protections contre les rayonnements en utilisant les métaux ferreux recyclés de l'industrie nucléaire.This process therefore makes it possible to produce radiation protection using the ferrous metals recycled from the nuclear industry.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9312440A FR2711329B1 (en) | 1993-10-19 | 1993-10-19 | Process for molding cast iron or other metal parts with a high melting temperature. |
FR9312440 | 1993-10-19 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0648563A1 true EP0648563A1 (en) | 1995-04-19 |
EP0648563B1 EP0648563B1 (en) | 1998-04-29 |
Family
ID=9451985
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP19940402317 Expired - Lifetime EP0648563B1 (en) | 1993-10-19 | 1994-10-17 | Method to cast a piece of cast iron or another metal with high melting point |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0648563B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2118291A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69409905T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2117772T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2711329B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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RU2468887C1 (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2012-12-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Чепецкий механический завод" (ОАО ЧМЗ) | Safety device |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE2739074A1 (en) * | 1976-09-01 | 1978-03-02 | Saurer Ag Adolph | HEAD SOUND ABSORBING CASTING PART, PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF AND ITS USE |
JPS5993851A (en) * | 1982-11-19 | 1984-05-30 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Sintered b4c-cu plate for cast coating |
DE3324929A1 (en) * | 1983-07-09 | 1985-01-17 | Buderus Ag, 6330 Wetzlar | Process for the production of a thick-walled container base of high notch toughness |
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1993
- 1993-10-19 FR FR9312440A patent/FR2711329B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1994
- 1994-10-17 EP EP19940402317 patent/EP0648563B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-17 CA CA 2118291 patent/CA2118291A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-10-17 DE DE1994609905 patent/DE69409905T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-17 ES ES94402317T patent/ES2117772T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ES2117772T3 (en) | 1998-08-16 |
EP0648563B1 (en) | 1998-04-29 |
DE69409905T2 (en) | 1998-10-22 |
FR2711329B1 (en) | 1995-12-22 |
CA2118291A1 (en) | 1995-04-20 |
FR2711329A1 (en) | 1995-04-28 |
DE69409905D1 (en) | 1998-06-04 |
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