EP0640398A2 - Centrifuge - Google Patents

Centrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0640398A2
EP0640398A2 EP94112821A EP94112821A EP0640398A2 EP 0640398 A2 EP0640398 A2 EP 0640398A2 EP 94112821 A EP94112821 A EP 94112821A EP 94112821 A EP94112821 A EP 94112821A EP 0640398 A2 EP0640398 A2 EP 0640398A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
peeling
centrifuge
liquid
channel
drum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP94112821A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0640398A3 (en
Inventor
Bernward Dipl.-Ing. Feldkamp
Peter Dr. Stelter
Bernd Dipl.-Ing. Schlieperskötter
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Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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Publication of EP0640398A2 publication Critical patent/EP0640398A2/en
Publication of EP0640398A3 publication Critical patent/EP0640398A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/08—Skimmers or scrapers for discharging ; Regulating thereof
    • B04B11/082—Skimmers for discharging liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B04B2001/2083—Configuration of liquid outlets

Definitions

  • the invention is directed to a centrifuge, in particular to a screw centrifuge, for the separation of liquid-solid mixtures, consisting of a centrifuge drum which is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis, with means for feeding the mixture to be separated into the centrifuge drum, with openings in the Centrifuge drum for the discharge of the separated heavy substances (solid) and with a peeling disc for the discharge of the light substances (liquid) from the centrifuge drum, wherein the peeling disc has at least one peeling channel which extends from the periphery of the peeling disc to the center of the peeling disc in one leads in the axial direction discharge channel.
  • the focus is on dewatering the solid as a preliminary stage to thermal drying.
  • the liquid phase flows out of the centrifuge over the weir plates of the centrifuge at high circumferential speed, during which a strong turbulence occurs with the gas (normally air) present in the centrifuge.
  • each peeling channel is assigned a discharge channel, the effective cross section of which can be changed by means of a throttle body.
  • the liquid volume flow discharged through the peeling channels can thus be regulated and adapted to the inlet quantities, so that it is ensured that the entry opening of the peeling channels always remain within the liquid.
  • turbulence can continue to arise within the peeling channels, combined with the suction of gas (air), even with strong throttling behind the peeling disc and thus a small volume flow within the peeling channels.
  • This has the advantage over the throttling behind the peeling disc, that the inlet cross-section is always adapted to the volume flow to be discharged and is not larger than necessary.
  • the peeling channel is according to the invention in the direction of drum rotation, i. H. Crescent-shaped in the direction of liquid rotation and runs divergently from the inlet area on the periphery of the peeling disk to the outlet area in the center of the peeling disk. H. its cross-sectional area increases.
  • the cross-sectional area ratio of the inlet area to the outlet area is advantageously less than 1, preferably less than 0.1.
  • the inventive design of the peeling channel not only advantageously adapts the liquid volume flow to the quantity to be discharged with the aim that the inlet opening of the peeling channel is always immersed in the liquid and no gas (air) is sucked into the peeling channel, but rather in the liquid-containing kinetic energy is converted into potential energy in a soft course with high efficiency and liquid shocks and cavitation are largely suppressed by avoiding turbulence.
  • the partial disks forming the peeling disks are advantageously arranged on tubes which are inserted into one another and which are guided axially from the outside into the centrifuge drum and can be rotated relative to one another from the outside. In this way, it is possible to change the cross-section of the peeling channel in a simple manner from the outside, even during operation of the centrifuge, by rotating the tubes, and thus to adapt the peeling channel to fluctuating operating states of the centrifuge.
  • the inner tube is at the same time also the feed tube through which the mixture to be separated is fed into the centrifuge drum from the outside.
  • Fig. 1 shows a screw centrifuge (10) with an elongated centrifuge drum (11) and a coaxial inside the centrifuge drum (11) rotating screw conveyor (12), with solids discharge openings (13) at the end of the conical part of the centrifuge drum (11) and with a peeling disc (14) arranged at the opposite end of the centrifuge drum (11) for discharging the liquid.
  • the peeling disc (14) is formed from two individual discs (15, 16) which are arranged at a distance from one another on tubes (17, 24) which are inserted into one another, so that there is between the individual discs (15, 16) forms a gap.
  • the individual disks (15, 16) have inner disks (18, 19) screwed on, which, due to their geometry (crescent-shaped contour) and arrangement on the individual disks, have a radial distance from one another and the gap formed by the individual disks (15, 16) partially fill out.
  • These inner disks (18, 19) form the peeling channel (20) in connection with the individual disks (15, 16), which runs from the periphery of the peeling disk to the center of the peeling disk (14).
  • the dimension of the peeling disc (20) is constant in the axial direction and corresponds to the distance between the individual discs (15, 16). In the radial direction, the dimension of the The peeling channel (20) is determined by the radial distance between the inner disks (18, 19), the crescent-shaped curvature of the two inner disks (18, 19) being designed so that the peeling channel (20) from the periphery of the peeling disk (14) to it Center wider and thus the cross section of the peeling channel (14) is constantly increasing.
  • the individual disks (15, 16) forming the peeling disk (14) are placed on each of the nested tubes (17, 24) - in the exemplary embodiment shown, the single disk (15) on the tube (17) and the single disk (16) on the tube (24) - and firmly connected to them, for example by welding.
  • the two nested pipes (17, 24) form a discharge channel (22) between them, which is connected to the peeling channel (20) and which functions - the discharge of the liquid - even when the pipes (17, 24) are rotated against each other maintains and is led out of the centrifuge drum (11) with the two tubes (17, 24).
  • the tubes (17, 24) leading from the outside into the centrifuge drum (11) - the inner tube (17) serves as a feed tube for feeding the suspension to be separated in the direction of arrow 23 into the centrifuge drum (11) - can be rotated relative to one another from the outside and thus also the individual disks (15, 16) attached to the pipe reels (17, 24), whereby the radial distance of the inner disks (18, 19) arranged on individual disks (15, 16) and thus the cross section of the peeling channel (20) changes.
  • the peeling disc (19) described in this exemplary embodiment consists of a total of four parts, the two individual discs (15, 16) on each of the inner discs (18, 19), the base area of which corresponds to approximately half of the one individual disc (15, 16) , is attached.
  • Such a peeling disc (14) can be produced with simple means, in particular the shape of the peeling channel can be adapted to the requirements of the liquid to be discharged by simply replacing the inner discs (18, 19) with correspondingly differently shaped inner discs.
  • the inner disks it is also possible to use more than two inner disks, the inner disks then being able to be arranged axially or radially next to one another. According to the invention, it is also possible to dispense entirely with the inner panes. In this latter case, the peeling channel contours must then be machined out of the individual disks by a metalworking process, for example by milling.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Abstract

When liquid/solid mixtures are separated in centrifuges, in particular in worm centrifuges, with the objective of recovering the liquid phase as a valuable material, discharging the liquid via skimmers frequently leads to eddying of the liquid with the gas (normally air) present in the centrifuge, which can lead to an undesired high degree of foam formation and to an undesired reaction of the gas with the liquid. According to the invention, in order to prevent this eddying it is proposed to construct the skimmer (14) from at least two individual discs (15, 16) which can be rotated with respect to one another and form between them at least one skimming duct (20) whose cross-sectional area can be adjusted by rotating the individual disks (15, 16) and can thus be adapted to the rate of discharge. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung ist auf eine Zentrifuge gerichtet, insbesondere auf eine Schneckenzentrifuge, für die Trennung von Flüssigkeits-Feststoffgemischen, bestehend aus einer Zentrifugentrommel, die um ihre Längsachse drehbar gelagert ist, mit Einrichtungen zum Zuführen des zu trennenden Gemisches in die Zentrifugentrommel, mit Öffnungen in der Zentrifugentrommel für den Austrag der abgetrennten schweren Stoffe (Feststoff) und mit einer Schälscheibe für den Austrag der leichten Stoffe (Flüssigkeit) aus der Zentrifugentrommel, wobei die Schälscheibe mindestens einen Schälkanal aufweist, der von der Peripherie der Schälscheibe ausgehend zum Zentrum der Schälscheibe zu einem in axialer Richtung verlaufenden Ableitkanal führt.The invention is directed to a centrifuge, in particular to a screw centrifuge, for the separation of liquid-solid mixtures, consisting of a centrifuge drum which is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis, with means for feeding the mixture to be separated into the centrifuge drum, with openings in the Centrifuge drum for the discharge of the separated heavy substances (solid) and with a peeling disc for the discharge of the light substances (liquid) from the centrifuge drum, wherein the peeling disc has at least one peeling channel which extends from the periphery of the peeling disc to the center of the peeling disc in one leads in the axial direction discharge channel.

Bei vielen Trennaufgaben in einer Zentrifuge steht die Entwässerung des Feststoffes als Vorstufe zu einer thermischen Trocknung im Vordergrund. Die flüssige Phase strömt über die Wehrplatten der Zentrifuge mit hoher Umfangsgeschwindigkeit aus der Zentrifuge, dabei tritt eine starke Verwirbelung mit dem in der Zentrifuge vorhandenem Gas (normalerweise Luft) auf.For many separation tasks in a centrifuge, the focus is on dewatering the solid as a preliminary stage to thermal drying. The liquid phase flows out of the centrifuge over the weir plates of the centrifuge at high circumferential speed, during which a strong turbulence occurs with the gas (normally air) present in the centrifuge.

Bei Trennaufgaben, die die flüssige Phase als Wertstoff haben, kann diese Verwirbelung zu starker Schaumbildung und/oder infolge des intensiven möglichen Stoffaustausches zu einer verstärkten Reaktion der Flüssigkeit mit dem Gas führen, was in der Regel unerwünscht ist. Deshalb wird bei diesen Trennaufgaben die Flüssigkeit nicht über Wehrplatten geleitet, sondern mit einer Schälscheibe aus der Zentrifuge gefördert. Die Flüssigkeit wird hierbei durch ihre hohe, der Trommeldrehzahl entsprechenden Umfangsgeschwindigkeit in die Kanäle der stillstehenden Schälscheibe und von dort über axiale Ableitkanäle aus der Zentrifuge gedrückt. Damit bei diesem Austragsvorgang kein Gas in die Kanäle der Schälscheibe gedrückt wird, was ebenfalls zu einer Schaumbildung führen wurde, ist es erforderlich, daß sich die Kanalöffnungen der Schälscheibe stets innerhalb der Flüssigkeil befindet, d. h. die Austragsmenge der Flüssigkeit ist der Menge des zugefügten Gemisches anzupassen.In separation tasks which have the liquid phase as a valuable substance, this turbulence can lead to excessive foaming and / or, as a result of the intensive possible exchange of substances, to an increased reaction of the liquid with the gas, which is generally undesirable. Therefore, in these separation tasks, the liquid is not passed over weir plates, but is conveyed out of the centrifuge with a peeling disc. Due to its high peripheral speed, which corresponds to the drum speed, the liquid is pressed into the channels of the stationary peeling disc and from there via axial discharge channels out of the centrifuge. So that no gas is pressed into the channels of the peeling disc during this discharge process, which would also lead to foam formation, it is necessary that the channel openings of the peeling disc are always within the liquid wedge, ie the discharge quantity of the liquid is to be adjusted to the quantity of the mixture added .

Aus der DE-PS 38 33 063 ist eine Schälscheibe für Schleudertrommeln bekannt, bei der jedem Schälkanal ein Ableitkanal zugeordnet ist, der mittels eines Drosselkörpers in seinem wirksamen Querschnitt verändert werden kann. Mit Hilfe dieser Drosselkörper kann somit der durch die Schälkanäle ausgetragene Flüssigkeitsvolumenstrom geregelt und den Einlaufmengen angepaßt werden, so daß sichergestellt ist, daß die Eintragsöffnung der Schälkanäle stets innerhalb der Flüssigkeit bleiben. Trotzdem können infolge der hohen Geschwindigkeit, mit der die Flüssigkeit an der Schälscheibe vorbeiströmt, innerhalb der Schälkanäle weiterhin Turbulenzen entstehen, verbunden mit einem Einsaugen von Gas (Luft), selbst bei starker Drosselung hinter der Schälscheibe und damit kleinem Volumenstrom innerhalb der Schälkanäle.From DE-PS 38 33 063 a peeling disc for centrifugal drums is known in which each peeling channel is assigned a discharge channel, the effective cross section of which can be changed by means of a throttle body. With the help of these throttle bodies, the liquid volume flow discharged through the peeling channels can thus be regulated and adapted to the inlet quantities, so that it is ensured that the entry opening of the peeling channels always remain within the liquid. Nevertheless, due to the high speed at which the liquid flows past the peeling disc, turbulence can continue to arise within the peeling channels, combined with the suction of gas (air), even with strong throttling behind the peeling disc and thus a small volume flow within the peeling channels.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Zentrifuge, insbesondere eine Schneckenzentrifuge, mit einer Schälscheibe so auszubilden, daß eine Reduzierung und Minimierung der Schaumbildung beim Austrag der Flüssigkeit aus der Zentrifuge erreicht wird.It is an object of the invention to design a centrifuge, in particular a screw centrifuge, with a peeling disc in such a way that a reduction and minimization of foam formation when the liquid is discharged from the centrifuge is achieved.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst mit den Maßnahmen des Kennzeichnungsteils des Anspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved with the measures of the characterizing part of claim 1. Advantageous refinements of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Durch die Maßnahme der Erfindung, den Schälkanal durch gegeneinander verdrehbare Einzelscheiben auszubilden, wobei durch Verdrehung der Einzelscheiben der wirksame Querschnitt des Schälkanals verändert werden kann, ist die Möglichkeit gegeben, den auszutragenden Flüssigkeitsvolumenstrom durch Veränderung der Schälkanalquerschnittsfläche zu drosseln, wobei einer kleinen Querschnittsfläche des Schälkanals im Einlaufbereich auch ein kleiner auszutragender Flüssigkeitsvolumenstrom entspricht und umgekehrt. Dies hat den Vorteil gegenüber der Drosselung hinter der Schälscheibe, daß der Einlaufquerschnitt stets dem auszutragenden Volumenstrom angepaßt ist und nicht größer ist als notwendig.The measure of the invention to form the peeling channel by means of individual disks which can be rotated relative to one another, the effective cross section of the peeling channel being able to be changed by twisting the individual disks, the possibility is provided of throttling the liquid volume flow to be discharged by changing the peeling channel cross-sectional area, with a small cross-sectional area of the peeling channel in Inlet area also corresponds to a small liquid volume flow to be discharged and vice versa. This has the advantage over the throttling behind the peeling disc, that the inlet cross-section is always adapted to the volume flow to be discharged and is not larger than necessary.

Um die mit hoher Umfangsgeschwindigkeit umlaufende Flüssigkeit (bis etwa 50 m/s) auf eine für Rohrleitungen sinnvolle Geschwindigkeit herunterzudrosseln (ca. 2 bis 4 m/s) und dabei die kinetische Energie der Flüssigkeit mit hohem Wirkungsgrad d. h. ohne hohem Druckverlust in potentielle Energie (Druck) umzuwandeln, ist der Schälkanal erfindungsgemäß in Trommeldrehrichtung, d. h. in Flüssigkeitsdrehrichtung sichelförmig gekrümmt ausgebildet und verläuft vom Einlaufbereich an der Peripherie der Schälscheibe zum Auslaufbereich im Zentrum der Schälscheibe divergent, d. h. seine Querschnittsfläche vergrößert sich. Erfindungsgemäß ist hierbei mit Vorteil das Querschnittsflächenverhältnis vom Einlaufbereich zum Auslaufbereich kleiner 1, vorzugsweise kleiner 0,1.In order to throttle down the liquid circulating at high peripheral speed (up to about 50 m / s) to a speed that is reasonable for pipelines (approx. 2 to 4 m / s) and thereby reduce the kinetic energy of the liquid with high efficiency d. H. To convert into potential energy (pressure) without high pressure loss, the peeling channel is according to the invention in the direction of drum rotation, i. H. Crescent-shaped in the direction of liquid rotation and runs divergently from the inlet area on the periphery of the peeling disk to the outlet area in the center of the peeling disk. H. its cross-sectional area increases. According to the invention, the cross-sectional area ratio of the inlet area to the outlet area is advantageously less than 1, preferably less than 0.1.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung des Schälkanals wird nicht nur mit Vorteil eine optimale Anpassung des Flüssigkeitsvolumenstroms an die auszutragende Menge erreicht mit dem Ziel, daß die Einlauföffnung des Schälkanals stets in der Flüssigkeit eintaucht und kein Gas (Luft) in den Schälkanal gesaugt wird, sondern die in der Flüssigkeit enthaltende kinetische Energie in einem weichen Verlauf mit hohem Wirkungsgrad in potentielle Energie umgewandelt und Flüssigkeitsstöße und Kavitation durch Vermeidung von Turbulenzen weitgehend unterdrückt.The inventive design of the peeling channel not only advantageously adapts the liquid volume flow to the quantity to be discharged with the aim that the inlet opening of the peeling channel is always immersed in the liquid and no gas (air) is sucked into the peeling channel, but rather in the liquid-containing kinetic energy is converted into potential energy in a soft course with high efficiency and liquid shocks and cavitation are largely suppressed by avoiding turbulence.

Mit Vorteil sind gemäß der Erfindung die die Schälscheiben bildenden Teilscheiben auf ineinander gesteckte Rohre angeordnet, die axial von außen in die Zentrifugentrommel hineingeführt sind und von außen gegeneinander verdrehbar sind. Auf diese Weise wird es möglich, von außen auch während des Betriebes der Zentrifuge durch Verdrehen der Rohre in einfacher Weise den Schälkanal in seinem Querschnitt zu verändern und so den Schälkanal schwankenden Betriebszuständen der Zentrifuge anzupassen.According to the invention, the partial disks forming the peeling disks are advantageously arranged on tubes which are inserted into one another and which are guided axially from the outside into the centrifuge drum and can be rotated relative to one another from the outside. In this way, it is possible to change the cross-section of the peeling channel in a simple manner from the outside, even during operation of the centrifuge, by rotating the tubes, and thus to adapt the peeling channel to fluctuating operating states of the centrifuge.

In konstruktiv einfacher Weise ist mit Vorteil gemäß der Erfindung hierbei das innere Rohr gleichzeitig auch das Aufgaberohr, durch das das zu trennende Gemisch von außen in die Zentrifugentrommel hinein aufgegeben wird.In a structurally simple manner, according to the invention, the inner tube is at the same time also the feed tube through which the mixture to be separated is fed into the centrifuge drum from the outside.

Weitere Vorteile, Einzelheiten und Merkmale der Erfindung werden anhand von schematischen Zeichnungsfiguren an einem Ausführungsbeispiel nachfolgende näher erläutert:
Es zeigen

Fig. 1:
einen schematischen Axialschnitt durch eine Schneckenzentrifuge mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Schälscheibe;
Fig. 2:
einen schematischen Axialschnitt in vergrößertem Maßstab durch eine Schälscheibe gemäß der Erfindung;
Fig. 3:
einen Radialschnitt entsprechend der Linie III-III der Fig. 2.
Further advantages, details and features of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to schematic drawing figures using an exemplary embodiment:
Show it
Fig. 1:
a schematic axial section through a screw centrifuge with a peeling disc according to the invention;
Fig. 2:
a schematic axial section on an enlarged scale through a peeling disc according to the invention;
Fig. 3:
a radial section along the line III-III of FIG. 2nd

Die Fig. 1 zeigt eine Schneckenzentrifuge (10) mit einer länglich umlaufenden Zentrifugentrommel (11) und einer koaxial innerhalb der Zentrifugentrommel (11) umlaufenden Förderschnecke (12), mit Feststoffaustragsöffnungen (13) am Ende des konischen Teils der Zentrifugentrommel (11) und mit einer am entgegengesetzten Ende der Zentrifugentrommel (11) angeordnete Schälscheibe (14) zum Austrag der Flüssigkeit.Fig. 1 shows a screw centrifuge (10) with an elongated centrifuge drum (11) and a coaxial inside the centrifuge drum (11) rotating screw conveyor (12), with solids discharge openings (13) at the end of the conical part of the centrifuge drum (11) and with a peeling disc (14) arranged at the opposite end of the centrifuge drum (11) for discharging the liquid.

Wie insbesondere die Fig. 2 zeigt, wird die Schälscheibe (14) aus zwei Einzelscheiben (15, 16) gebildet, die mit Abstand voneinander auf ineinandergesteckte Rohre (17, 24) angeordnet sind, so daß sich zwischen den Einzelscheiben (15, 16) ein Spalt ausbildet.As shown in FIG. 2 in particular, the peeling disc (14) is formed from two individual discs (15, 16) which are arranged at a distance from one another on tubes (17, 24) which are inserted into one another, so that there is between the individual discs (15, 16) forms a gap.

Innen sind an die Einzelscheiben (15, 16) Innenscheiben (18, 19) angeschraubt` die aufgrund ihrer Geometrie (sichelförmig gekrümmte Kontur) und Anordnung auf den Einzelscheiben einen radialen Abstand voneinander haben und die den aus den Einzelscheiben (15, 16) gebildeten Spalt teilweise ausfüllen.Inside, the individual disks (15, 16) have inner disks (18, 19) screwed on, which, due to their geometry (crescent-shaped contour) and arrangement on the individual disks, have a radial distance from one another and the gap formed by the individual disks (15, 16) partially fill out.

Durch diese Innenscheiben (18, 19) wird in Verbindung mit den Einzelscheiben (15, 16) der Schälkanal (20) gebildet, der von der Peripherie der Schälscheibe zum Zentrum der Schälscheibe (14) verläuft. Die Abmessung der Schälscheibe (20) ist in axialer Richtung dabei konstant und entspricht dem Abstand der Einzelscheiben (15, 16) voneinander. In radialer Richtung wird die Abmessung des Schälkanals (20) durch den radialen Abstand der Innenscheiben (18, 19) voneinander bestimmt, wobei die sichelförmige Krümmung der beiden Innenscheiben (18, 19) so ausgeführt ist, daß der Schälkanal (20) von der Peripherie der Schälscheibe (14) zu ihrem Zentrum hin breiter und somit der Querschnitt des Schälkanals (14) stetig größer wird.These inner disks (18, 19) form the peeling channel (20) in connection with the individual disks (15, 16), which runs from the periphery of the peeling disk to the center of the peeling disk (14). The dimension of the peeling disc (20) is constant in the axial direction and corresponds to the distance between the individual discs (15, 16). In the radial direction, the dimension of the The peeling channel (20) is determined by the radial distance between the inner disks (18, 19), the crescent-shaped curvature of the two inner disks (18, 19) being designed so that the peeling channel (20) from the periphery of the peeling disk (14) to it Center wider and thus the cross section of the peeling channel (14) is constantly increasing.

Die die Schälscheibe (14) bildenden Einzelscheiben (15, 16) sind auf je einem der ineinandergesteckten Rohre (17, 24) aufgesteckt - im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel die Einzelscheibe (15) auf das Rohr (17) und die Einzelscheibe (16) auf das Rohr (24) - und mit diesen fest verbunden, beispielsweise durch Verschweissen.The individual disks (15, 16) forming the peeling disk (14) are placed on each of the nested tubes (17, 24) - in the exemplary embodiment shown, the single disk (15) on the tube (17) and the single disk (16) on the tube (24) - and firmly connected to them, for example by welding.

Die beiden ineinandergesteckten Rohre (17, 24) bilden zwischen sich einen Ableitkanal (22) aus, der mit dem Schälkanal (20) in Verbindung steht und der seine Funktion - den Austrag der Flüssigkeit - auch bei Verdrehung der Rohre (17, 24) gegeneinander beibehält und mit den beiden Rohren (17, 24) aus der Zentrifugentrommel (11) herausgeführt wird. Die von außen in die Zentrifugentrommel (11) hineinführenden Rohre (17, 24) - das innere Rohr (17) dient als Aufgaberohr zur Zuführung der zu trennenden Suspension in Pfeilrichtung 23 in die Zentrifugentrommel (11) - sind gegeneinander von außen her verdrehbar und damit auch die auf den Rohrren (17, 24) aufgesteckten Einzelscheiben (15, 16), wodurch sich der radiale Abstand der auf Einzelscheiben (15, 16) angeordneten Innenscheiben (18, 19) und damit der Querschnitt des Schälkanals (20) verändert.The two nested pipes (17, 24) form a discharge channel (22) between them, which is connected to the peeling channel (20) and which functions - the discharge of the liquid - even when the pipes (17, 24) are rotated against each other maintains and is led out of the centrifuge drum (11) with the two tubes (17, 24). The tubes (17, 24) leading from the outside into the centrifuge drum (11) - the inner tube (17) serves as a feed tube for feeding the suspension to be separated in the direction of arrow 23 into the centrifuge drum (11) - can be rotated relative to one another from the outside and thus also the individual disks (15, 16) attached to the pipe reels (17, 24), whereby the radial distance of the inner disks (18, 19) arranged on individual disks (15, 16) and thus the cross section of the peeling channel (20) changes.

Die in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel beschriebene Schälscheibe (19) besteht aus insgesamt vier Teilen, den zwei Einzelscheiben (15, 16) auf die jeweils eine der Innenscheiben (18, 19), deren Basisfläche jeweils etwa der Hälfte der einen Einzelscheibe (15, 16) entspricht, befestigt ist. Eine derartig zusammengesetzte Schälscheibe (14) läßt sich mit einfachen Mitteln herstellen, insbesondere kann durch einfaches Auswechseln der Innenscheiben (18, 19) durch entsprechend anders geformte Innenscheiben die Form des Schälkanals den Erfordernissen der auszutragenden Flüssigkeit angepaßt werden.The peeling disc (19) described in this exemplary embodiment consists of a total of four parts, the two individual discs (15, 16) on each of the inner discs (18, 19), the base area of which corresponds to approximately half of the one individual disc (15, 16) , is attached. Such a peeling disc (14) can be produced with simple means, in particular the shape of the peeling channel can be adapted to the requirements of the liquid to be discharged by simply replacing the inner discs (18, 19) with correspondingly differently shaped inner discs.

Es ist gemäß der Erfindung jedoch auch möglich, mehr als zwei Innenscheiben zu verwenden, wobei die Innenscheiben dann axial oder radial nebeneinander angeordnet sein können. Es ist gemäß der Erfindung weiterhin auch möglich, auf die Innenscheiben in Gänze zu verzichten. In diesem letzteren Fall müssen dann die Schälkanalkonturen aus den Einzelscheiben durch einen Metallbearbeitungsvorgang, beispielsweise durch Fräsen herausgearbeitet werden.According to the invention, however, it is also possible to use more than two inner disks, the inner disks then being able to be arranged axially or radially next to one another. According to the invention, it is also possible to dispense entirely with the inner panes. In this latter case, the peeling channel contours must then be machined out of the individual disks by a metalworking process, for example by milling.

Claims (7)

Zentrifuge, insbesondere Schneckenzentrifuge, für die Trennung von Flüssigkeits-Feststoffgemischen, bestehend aus einer Zentrifugentrommel, die um ihre Längsachse drehbar gelagert ist, mit Einrichtungen zum Zuführen des zu trennenden Gemisches in die Zentrifugentrommel, mit Öffnungen in der Zentrifugentrommel für den Austrag der abgetrennten schweren Stoffe (Feststoff) und mit einer Schälscheibe für den Austrag der leichten Stoffe (Flüssigkeit) aus der Zentrifugentrommel, wobei die Schälscheibe mindestens einen Schälkanal aufweist, der von der Peripherie der Schälscheibe ausgehend zum Zentrum der Schälscheibe zu einem in axialer Richtung verlaufenden Ableitkanal führt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schälscheibe (14) aus mindestens zwei gegeneinander verdrehbaren Einzelscheiben (15, 16) zusammengesetzt ist, die zwischen sich mindestens einen Schälkanal (20) ausbilden, dessen Querschnittsfläche durch Verdrehung der Einzelscheiben (15, 16) verstellbar ist.Centrifuge, in particular screw centrifuge, for the separation of liquid-solid mixtures, consisting of a centrifuge drum, which is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis, with devices for feeding the mixture to be separated into the centrifuge drum, with openings in the centrifuge drum for the discharge of the separated heavy substances (Solid) and with a peeling disk for the discharge of the light substances (liquid) from the centrifuge drum, wherein the peeling disk has at least one peeling channel, which leads from the periphery of the peeling disk to the center of the peeling disk to a discharge channel running in the axial direction, characterized in that the paring disc (14) is composed of at least two mutually rotatable individual panes (15, 16) having at least one paring channel between them form (20) whose cross-sectional area is adjustable by rotation of the individual discs (15, 16). Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die die Schälscheibe (14) bildenden Einzelscheiben (15, 16) auf ineinandergesteckte Rohre (17, 24) angeordnet sind, die von außen koaxial in die Zentrifugentrommel (11) hineinführen und von außerhalb der Zentrifuge (11) gegeneinander verdrehbar sind.Centrifuge according to Claim 1, characterized in that the individual disks (15, 16) forming the peeling disk (14) are arranged on tubes (17, 24) which are inserted into one another and which lead coaxially into the centrifuge drum (11) from the outside and from outside the centrifuge ( 11) are rotatable against each other. Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das innere Rohr (17) der beiden ineinander gesteckten Rohre (17, 24) zum Zuführen des zu trennenden Gemisches in die Zentrifugentrommel (11) verwendet wird.Centrifuge according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner tube (17) of the two nested tubes (17, 24) is used to feed the mixture to be separated into the centrifuge drum (11). Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schälkanal (20) sichelförmig gekrümmt in Trommeldrehrichtung von der Peripherie zum Zentrum der Schälscheibe (14) verläuft.Centrifuge according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the peeling channel (20) extends in a crescent shape in the drum rotation direction from the periphery to the center of the peeling disc (14). Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schälkanal-Querschnittsfläche von der Peripherie zum Zentrum der Schälscheibe (14) hin sich stetig vergrößert.Centrifuge according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the peeling channel cross-sectional area increases continuously from the periphery to the center of the peeling disc (14). Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis der Schälkanal-Querschnittsflächen zwischen dem Einlaufbereich an der Peripherie der Schälscheibe (14) und dem Auslaufbereich im Zentrum der Schälscheibe (14) kleiner 1, vorzugsweise kleiner 0,1 ist.Centrifuge according to claim 5, characterized in that the ratio of the peeling channel cross-sectional areas between the inlet area at the periphery of the peeling disk (14) and the outlet area in the center of the peeling disk (14) is less than 1, preferably less than 0.1. Zentrifuge nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zentrifugentrommeldurchmesser mindestens 200 mm beträgt, und daß die Schälscheibe (14) so dimensioniert ist, daß die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Suspension am Eintrittsquerschnitt der Schälscheibe (14) bei einer Zentrifugentrommeldrehzahl von mindestens 600 min⁻¹ mindestens 45 m.sec⁻¹ beträgt.Centrifuge according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the centrifuge drum diameter is at least 200 mm and that the peeling disc (14) is dimensioned such that the peripheral speed of the suspension at the inlet cross section of the peeling disc (14) at a centrifuge drum speed of at least 600 min ⁻¹ is at least 45 m.sec⁻¹.
EP94112821A 1993-08-25 1994-08-17 Centrifuge. Withdrawn EP0640398A3 (en)

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DE19934328369 DE4328369A1 (en) 1993-08-25 1993-08-25 centrifuge
DE4328369 1993-08-25

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EP0640398A3 EP0640398A3 (en) 1995-05-31

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Cited By (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5800332A (en) * 1996-07-03 1998-09-01 Hensley; Gary L. Decanting centrifuge employing elements with differing rates of rotation
US5971907A (en) * 1998-05-19 1999-10-26 Bp Amoco Corporation Continuous centrifugal separator with tapered internal feed distributor
WO2000041813A1 (en) * 1999-01-11 2000-07-20 Westfalia Separator Ag Centrifuge comprising two stripping discs
WO2003024606A1 (en) * 2001-09-05 2003-03-27 Westfalia Separator Ag Skimmer device for discharging liquid from a centrifugal drum
US6986733B2 (en) * 2001-10-02 2006-01-17 Westfalia Separator Industry Gmbh Solid bowl helical conveyor centrifuge with a pressurized housing
US7056273B2 (en) * 2002-05-29 2006-06-06 Westfalia Separator Ag Solid bowl screw centrifuge comprising a peeling disk, and method for the operation thereof
US7255670B2 (en) * 2004-03-04 2007-08-14 Hutchison Hayes, L.P. Three phase decanter centrifuge
US7510519B2 (en) * 2003-08-08 2009-03-31 Westfalia Separator Ag Solid bowl screw centrifuge comprising a centripetal pump with a throtting device
US20100041535A1 (en) * 2006-02-10 2010-02-18 Westfalia Separator Ag Solid-bowl screw centrifuge and process for its operation
US20140341714A1 (en) * 2013-04-23 2014-11-20 Andritz Frautech S.R.L. Device For Drawing Off Fluid Of A Centrifugation Device
DE102018114843A1 (en) * 2018-03-21 2019-09-26 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh Centrifuge with a paring disc

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GB494211A (en) * 1936-12-10 1938-10-21 Separator Ab Improvements in paring or skimming devices for centrifugal separators
EP0068869A2 (en) * 1981-06-30 1983-01-05 Alfa-Laval Separation A/S A centrifuge with a skimmer disc for discharging a liquid phase
DE3936150A1 (en) * 1988-12-07 1990-06-13 Nagema Veb K Skimmer disc for centrifugal separator - has peripheral intersection of entry channel inner flank and evolvent-shaped external surface located at largest dia. of disc

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DE3833063C1 (en) * 1988-09-29 1989-10-05 Westfalia Separator Ag, 4740 Oelde, De Skimming disc for discharging fluids from centrifuge drums

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GB494211A (en) * 1936-12-10 1938-10-21 Separator Ab Improvements in paring or skimming devices for centrifugal separators
EP0068869A2 (en) * 1981-06-30 1983-01-05 Alfa-Laval Separation A/S A centrifuge with a skimmer disc for discharging a liquid phase
DE3936150A1 (en) * 1988-12-07 1990-06-13 Nagema Veb K Skimmer disc for centrifugal separator - has peripheral intersection of entry channel inner flank and evolvent-shaped external surface located at largest dia. of disc

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5800332A (en) * 1996-07-03 1998-09-01 Hensley; Gary L. Decanting centrifuge employing elements with differing rates of rotation
US5971907A (en) * 1998-05-19 1999-10-26 Bp Amoco Corporation Continuous centrifugal separator with tapered internal feed distributor
WO2000041813A1 (en) * 1999-01-11 2000-07-20 Westfalia Separator Ag Centrifuge comprising two stripping discs
AU750491B2 (en) * 1999-01-11 2002-07-18 Westfalia Separator Ag Centrifuge comprising two stripping discs
US6623417B1 (en) * 1999-01-11 2003-09-23 Westfalia Separator Ag Centrifuge having a rotatable sleeve and a restriction point
WO2003024606A1 (en) * 2001-09-05 2003-03-27 Westfalia Separator Ag Skimmer device for discharging liquid from a centrifugal drum
US6986733B2 (en) * 2001-10-02 2006-01-17 Westfalia Separator Industry Gmbh Solid bowl helical conveyor centrifuge with a pressurized housing
US7056273B2 (en) * 2002-05-29 2006-06-06 Westfalia Separator Ag Solid bowl screw centrifuge comprising a peeling disk, and method for the operation thereof
US7510519B2 (en) * 2003-08-08 2009-03-31 Westfalia Separator Ag Solid bowl screw centrifuge comprising a centripetal pump with a throtting device
US7255670B2 (en) * 2004-03-04 2007-08-14 Hutchison Hayes, L.P. Three phase decanter centrifuge
US20100041535A1 (en) * 2006-02-10 2010-02-18 Westfalia Separator Ag Solid-bowl screw centrifuge and process for its operation
US8444541B2 (en) * 2006-02-10 2013-05-21 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh Solid-bowl centrifuge having a liquid discharge sealed such that a pond level in a separation space remains unchanged when pressurization occurs
US20140341714A1 (en) * 2013-04-23 2014-11-20 Andritz Frautech S.R.L. Device For Drawing Off Fluid Of A Centrifugation Device
US9856879B2 (en) * 2013-04-23 2018-01-02 Andritz Frautech S.R.L. Centrifugation device with adjustable vanes
DE102018114843A1 (en) * 2018-03-21 2019-09-26 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh Centrifuge with a paring disc

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0640398A3 (en) 1995-05-31
DE4328369A1 (en) 1995-03-02
JPH07163907A (en) 1995-06-27

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