EP0633779A1 - USE OF $g(b)-CARBOLINES - Google Patents

USE OF $g(b)-CARBOLINES

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Publication number
EP0633779A1
EP0633779A1 EP93908924A EP93908924A EP0633779A1 EP 0633779 A1 EP0633779 A1 EP 0633779A1 EP 93908924 A EP93908924 A EP 93908924A EP 93908924 A EP93908924 A EP 93908924A EP 0633779 A1 EP0633779 A1 EP 0633779A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alkyl
hydrogen
phenyl
formula
compounds
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93908924A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andreas Huth
Martin Krüger
Dieter Rahtz
Dieter Seidelmann
Lechoslaw Turski
Peter-Andreas Löschmann
David-Norman Stephens
Herbert Schneider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayer Pharma AG
Original Assignee
Schering AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Schering AG filed Critical Schering AG
Publication of EP0633779A1 publication Critical patent/EP0633779A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/04Ortho-condensed systems
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/47Quinolines; Isoquinolines
    • A61K31/475Quinolines; Isoquinolines having an indole ring, e.g. yohimbine, reserpine, strychnine, vinblastine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/445Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/04Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/08Antiepileptics; Anticonvulsants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/18Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the new use of ⁇ -carbolines of the formula I and their acid addition salts for the manufacture of a medicament for the symptomatic and preventive treatment of diseases which are based on impaired glutamatergic neurotransmission in the central nervous system, medicaments which contain these compounds and the new compounds of Formula la and the method for producing the same.
  • ⁇ -carbolines are characterized by anxiolytic, anticonvulsive, antidepressant, sedative and anti-aggressive effects and also have amnestic or memory-promoting properties.
  • NMDA N-methyl-D-aspartate
  • KA kainate
  • quisqualate quisqualate receptors
  • the quisqualate receptors are also called AMPA receptors after the specific agonists (RS) -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate.
  • RS specific agonists
  • the quisqualate receptor contains a modulation point that can influence the function of the ion channel, the action on the modulation point of the quisqualate receptor enables bidirectional influencing of the receptor function.
  • Clinical and animal experiments indicate that numerous neurological and psychiatric diseases lead to increased or decreased glutamatergic neurotransmission in the CNS.
  • Neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, multi-infarct dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy; Cell damage from hypoglycemia, hypoxia and ischemia; neuronal damage caused by uncontrolled movements; neuronal damage caused by brain damage such as stroke, brain trauma and asphyxia as well
  • the compounds of the formula I act on the modulation site of the quisqualate receptor and correct the pathologically modified function of this receptor and can therefore be used for the symptomatic and preventive treatment of the abovementioned diseases.
  • R A is hydrogen, halogen, NH 2 , NO 2 , -CHR 1 -R 2 , optionally with halogen,
  • R 4 is hydrogen, phenyl, C 3-7 cycloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyl or - (CH 2 ) n -OR 8 and R 9 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl or benzyl, where
  • R is hydroxy, C 1-6 alkoxy, benzyloxy or NR 10 R 11 , wherein R 10 and R 11 are the same or different and are hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl or a saturated atom together with the nitrogen atom 5- or 6-membered heterocycle, which also contain a further sulfur, oxygen or nitrogen atom and can be substituted by phenyl or C 1-4 alkyl, R 1 is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl,
  • R 2 is hydrogen, C 1-2 alkyl optionally substituted by NR 12 R 13 ,
  • Phenyl, benzyl or phenoxy radical R 5 hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-7 cycloalkyl or an optionally substituted phenyl, benzyl, hetaryl or benzo-fused hetaryl radical, R 6 hydrogen, C 1- 6- alkyl or C 2 -6- alkenyl,
  • R 7 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, NR 14 R 15 , hydroxy, C 1-6 alkoxy,
  • -CO-R 16 C 3-7 cycloalkyl, an optionally substituted with halogen phenyl or phenyl-C 1-2 alkyl radical. or if necessary with C 1-4 alkoxy, NR 17 R 18 , hydroxy, halogen, phenyl, C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl or hydroxycarbonyl substituted C 1-6 alkyl and R 6 and R 7 together with the nitrogen atom form a 3 to
  • 6-membered saturated heterocycle which can contain a further O or N atom and with one to two C 1-4 alkyl or
  • C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl may be substituted or R 6 and R 7 together with the nitrogen atom form a 5- or
  • 6-membered unsaturated heterocycle which can contain one further O or S atom or two further N atoms
  • R 8 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy-C 1-4 alkyl or phenyl
  • R 12 and R 13 are each hydrogen, phenyl, C 1-4 alkyl or together with the
  • Nitrogen atom form a 5- or 6-membered saturated heterocycle which can contain a further O, S or N atom and which can be substituted by one to two C 1-4 alkyl or C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl, R 14 and R 15 have the meaning of R 12 and R 13 , R 17 and R 18 have the meaning of R 12 and R 13 ,
  • R 16 is hydrogen, C 1-4 alkyl or NH 2 and
  • n 1, 2 or 3.
  • R 9a is C 1-6 alkyl or benzyl
  • R A ' is phenyl, hetaryl, -CHR 1 -R 2 , -OR 5 or -CO-R optionally substituted with halogen, C 1-4 -alkyl, C 1-4 -alkoxy or amino and are mono to triple the same or different can and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R have the meaning given above.
  • the substituent R A can be in the A ring in position 5-8, preferably in 5-,
  • Alkyl contains both straight and branched chain residues such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec. Butyl, tert. Butyl, pentyl, isopentyl and hexyl.
  • Cycloalkyl can be used for cyclopropyl. Cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl. If R 5 or R A is a hetaryl radical, this is 5- or 6-membered and contains 1-3 heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen and / or sulfur.
  • R 5 is a benzo-condensed hetaryl radical, this contains 1-2 nitrogen atoms such as quinoline, isoquinoline, quinoxaline or benzimidazole.
  • the substituent of the phenyl, benzyl and hetaryl radical R can be one to three times in any position. Suitable substituents are halogens, nitro. Cyano, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, amino, C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1-4 alkylthio and trifluoromethyl.
  • Halogen is to be understood as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
  • Suitable substituents for the phenyl, benzyl and phenoxy radical R 2 are the substituents of the aramates mentioned for R 5 , in particular halogen.
  • phenyl-C 1-2 alkyl examples include benzyl, phenethyl and
  • heterocycle contains C 1-4 alkyl groups
  • 2,6-dimethylmorpholine and N-methylpiperazine may be mentioned, for example.
  • R 6 and R 7 form a 5- or 6-unsaturated heterocycle together with the nitrogen atom, imidazole, pyrrole, pyrazole, for example, are suitable.
  • the compounds of the formula I can be in the form of the stereoisomers and mixtures thereof.
  • the physiologically compatible acid addition salts are derived from the known inorganic and organic acids, such as, for example, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, glyoxylic acid and also, for example, methanesulfonic acid, such as, for example, alkanesulfonic acid, such as, for example, alkanesulfonic acid, Ethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and others
  • R 7 hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 3-7 cycloalkyl, optionally with Halogen substituted phenyl or phenyl-C 1-2 -alkyl radical, or - optionally with C 1-4 -alkoxy, NR 17 R 18 .
  • R 4 is in particular hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl or
  • the compounds of the formula Ia can be prepared in the same way as the previously known ⁇ -carbolines by using a compound of the formula II
  • R A ' , R 4 and R 3 have the abovementioned meaning, optionally after protecting hydroxyl groups, with R 9a X, in which X is halogen, tosylate,
  • Mesylate or triflate means alkylated and optionally present
  • Solvents such as methylene chloride, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide or tetrahydrofuran are preferred as solvents for the homogeneous reactions and those taking place under solid-liquid phase transfer, while methylene chloride, benzene or toluene can be used in the case of liquid-liquid phase transfer reactions.
  • a catalyst such as tetrabutylammonium hydrogensulfate or Aliquat 336 advantageous.
  • Suitable protective groups that are not attacked under the reaction conditions.
  • Examples of such protective groups are for
  • Aromatic hydroxyl protecting groups benzyl, methoxymethyl
  • Trialkylsilyl groups for the carboxyl groups alkyl esters, benzyl esters or tert-butyl esters.
  • the protective groups can optionally be removed when the reaction mixture is worked up.
  • Mineral acids and organic acids and their mixtures or tetrabutylammonium fluoride are suitable for acidic cleavages.
  • Benzyl residues are usually catalytically hydrogenated e.g. with palladium / coal.
  • Alkyl esters can be hydrolyzed under alkaline conditions.
  • the isomer mixtures can be separated into the diastereomers or enantiomers by customary methods such as, for example, crystallization, chromatography or salt formation.
  • a compound of the formula I is dissolved, for example, in a little alcohol and mixed with a concentrated solution of the desired acid.
  • the starting compounds of the formula II are obtained, for example, by hydrolysis of the ⁇ -carboline-3-carboxylic acid alkyl esters, followed by amidation of the free carboxylic acid, if appropriate after conversion into a reactive acid derivative.
  • the ⁇ -carboline-3-carboxylic acids are prepared by customary acidic or alkaline hydrolysis, for example using aqueous alkali or alkaline earth metal solutions, optionally with the addition of organic solvents such as alcohols at temperatures from room temperature to 150 ° C.
  • the amidation takes place on the free carboxylic acids or on their reactive derivatives such as, for example, acid chlorides, mixed anhydrides, imidazolides or azides by reaction with the corresponding amines at room temperature. If disubstituted amides are to be prepared, the reaction is advantageously carried out with the corresponding formamides at temperatures of 100-220 ° C.
  • mice weighing 18-22g were kept under controlled conditions (6 a.m. - 6 p.m. light / dark rhythm, with free access to food and water) and their assignment to groups was randomized.
  • the groups consisted of 5-16 animals. The animals were observed between 8 a.m. and 1 p.m.
  • Quisqualate was injected into the left ventricle by freely moving mice.
  • the applicator consisted of a cannula with a stainless steel device that limits the depth of the injection to 3.2 mm.
  • the applicator was connected to an injection pump.
  • the injection needle was inserted perpendicular to the surface of the skull according to the coordinates of Montemurro and Dukelow.
  • the animals were observed for up to 180 seconds until clonic or tonic cramps occurred.
  • the clonic movements that lasted longer than 5 seconds were counted as convulsions.
  • the beginning of the clonic convulsions was used as the end point for the determination of the convulsive threshold.
  • the dose required to increase or decrease the seizure threshold by 50% (THRD) was determined in 4-6 experiments.
  • the THRD 50 and the confidence limit were determined in a regression analysis.
  • the table below shows the example of 5-isopropoxy-4-methyl-9-methyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (A) and the example of 5-isopropoxy-4-methyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (B ) that the cramp threshold for quisqualate is increased (+) or decreased (-).
  • the compounds of formula I and their acid addition salts are suitable for the treatment of diseases which arise as a result of disorders in the glutamate-mediated neurotransmission. Treatment with ⁇ -carbolines prevents or delays the cell damage and functional disorders that occur as a result of the disease and reduces the symptoms that result.
  • ⁇ -Carbolines of the formula I are suitable according to the invention for producing a medicament for the treatment of neurological diseases which are based on neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
  • the compounds of the formula I are also suitable for the treatment of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, migraines and pain and for the treatment of withdrawal symptoms after drug abuse (opiates, hallucinogens, sedative drugs, alcohol and ***e).
  • the indications can be shown by conventional pharmacological tests.
  • the invention also encompasses pharmaceutical compositions which contain the compounds mentioned, their preparation and the use of the compounds according to the invention for the preparation of medicaments which are used for the treatment and prophylaxis of the abovementioned diseases.
  • the pharmaceuticals are produced by methods known per se by bringing the active ingredient into the form of a pharmaceutical preparation with suitable carriers, auxiliaries and / or additives, which is suitable for enteral or parenteral administration.
  • the application can take place orally or sublingually as a solid in the form of capsules or tablets or as a liquid in the form of solutions, suspensions, elixirs or emulsions or rectally in the form of suppositories or in the form of injection solutions which may also be used subcutaneously.
  • auxiliaries for the desired pharmaceutical formulation are the inert organic and inorganic carrier materials known to the person skilled in the art, such as, for example, water, gelatin, gum arabic, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, talc, vegetable oils, polyalkylene glycols, etc.
  • preservatives, stabilizers , Wetting agents, emulsifiers or salts to change the osmotic pressure or buffers may be included.
  • the pharmaceutical preparations can be in solid form, for example as tablets, dragées, suppositories, capsules or in liquid form, for example as solutions, suspensions or emulsions.
  • Auxiliaries close to the surface such as salts of bile acids or animal or vegetable phospholipids, but also mixtures thereof and liposomes or their components can also be used as carrier systems.
  • tablets coated tablets or capsules with talc and / or hydrocarbon carriers or binders, such as
  • Example lactose corn or potato starch, suitable. They can also be used in liquid form, for example as juice, to which a sweetener may be added.
  • Injection solutions or suspensions in particular aqueous solutions of the active compounds in polyhydroxyethoxylated castor oil, are particularly suitable for parenteral use.
  • the dosage of the active ingredients can vary depending on the type of application, age and weight of the patient, type and severity of the disease to be treated and similar factors.
  • the daily dose can be given as a single dose to be administered once or divided into 2 or more daily doses.
  • the compounds are introduced in a dose unit of 0.05 to 100 mg of active substance in a physiologically acceptable carrier. Generally, a dose of 0.1-500 mg / day, preferably 0.1-50 mg / day, is used.
  • the compounds of the formula I are known or can be prepared analogously to known compounds and known processes.
  • the preparation of the compounds of the formula is described in the following protective rights: EP-30254, EP-54507, EP-128415, EP-130140, EP-130141, EP-137390, EP-161575, EP-222693, EP-234173, EP -232675, EP-237467, WO 92/21679 and DOS-4130933.2.
  • a suspension of 724 mg (2 mmol) of 5-benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid is mixed in 29 ml of absolute dimethylformamide with 32 ml of a 0.25 molar solution of thionylimidazole in tetrahydrofuran and stirred for 2 hours at room temperature .
  • a clear solution was then created. 100 ml of water are added and the mixture is extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The organic phase is washed with saturated sodium chloride solution, dried, filtered and concentrated.

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Abstract

The invention concerns the use of compounds of formula (I), in which R?3, R4, R9 and RA¿ are as defined in the description, as non-competitive glutamate antagonists in the preparation of a drug for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders. The invention also concerns drugs containing these compounds, as well as the new compounds of formula (Ia) and a method of preparing them.

Description

Neue Verwendung von B-Carbolinen  New use of B-carbolines
Die Erfindung betrifft die neue Verwendung von ß-Carbolinen der Formel I und deren Säureadditionssalzen zur Herstellung eines Arzneimittels zur symptomatischen und präventiven Behandlung von Erkrankungen, die auf gestörter glutamaterger Neurotransmission im Zentralen Nervensystem beruhen, Arzneimittel, die diese Verbindungen enthalten, sowie die neuen Verbindungen der Formel la und das Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben. The invention relates to the new use of β-carbolines of the formula I and their acid addition salts for the manufacture of a medicament for the symptomatic and preventive treatment of diseases which are based on impaired glutamatergic neurotransmission in the central nervous system, medicaments which contain these compounds and the new compounds of Formula la and the method for producing the same.
Aus zahlreichen Publikationen ist bekannt-, daß ß-Carboline gute Affinität zu den Benzodiazepin-Rezeptoren besitzen und auf die von den Benzodiazepinen bekannten Eigenschaften antagonistische, invers agonistische und agonistische Wirkung ausüben. Die bekannten Verbindungen der Formel I werden beispielsweise in EP-30254, EP-A-54507, EP-A-130141, EP-A-137390, EP-A-222B93. EP-A-234173. EP-A-232675, EP-A- 237467, WO 92/21679 und DOS-4130933.2 als Wirkstoffe bzw. als Ausgangsverbindungen zur Herstellung der Wirkstoffe oder als Zwischenverbindungen beschrieben. Diesen It is known from numerous publications that β-carbolines have good affinity for the benzodiazepine receptors and exert antagonistic, inverse agonistic and agonistic effects on the properties known from the benzodiazepines. The known compounds of formula I are described, for example, in EP-30254, EP-A-54507, EP-A-130141, EP-A-137390, EP-A-222B93. EP-A-234173. EP-A-232675, EP-A-237467, WO 92/21679 and DOS-4130933.2 are described as active substances or as starting compounds for the preparation of the active substances or as intermediate compounds. This one
Publikationen ist zu entnehmen, daß sich β-Carboline durch anxiolytische, anticonvulsive, antidepressive, sedative und anti-agressive Wirksamkeit auszeichnen und auch amnestische bzw. gedächtnisfördernde Eigenschaften haben. Publications show that β-carbolines are characterized by anxiolytic, anticonvulsive, antidepressant, sedative and anti-aggressive effects and also have amnestic or memory-promoting properties.
Im zentralen Nervensystem von Säugern, einschließlich der Menschen, sind hohe Konzentrationen von exzitatorischen Aminosäuren wie Glutamat und Aspartat vorhanden. Für die exzitatorischen Aminosäuren existieren ver-schiedene Rezeptoren, die entsprechend ihrer spezifischen Agonisten als N-Methyl-D-aspartat (NMDA)-, Kainat (KA)- und Quisqualat (QUIS)-Rezeptor bezeichnet werden. Die Quisqualat-Rezeptoren werden nach den spezifischen Agonisten (RS)-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolpropionat auch AMPA-Rezeptoren genannt. Die synaptische Funktion der exzitatorischen Aminosäure L-Glutamat wird vorwiegend über Quisqualat-Rezeptoren vermittelt. Da der Quisqualat-Rezeptor eine Modulationsstelle beeinhaltet, die die Funktion des Ionenkanals beeinflussen kann, ermöglicht die Einwirkung auf die Modulationsstelle des Quisqualatrezeptors bidirektionale Beeinflussung der Rezeptorfunktion. Klinische und tierexperimentelle Befunde deuten daraufhin, daß es bei zahlreichen neurologischen und psychiatrischen Krankheiten zu gesteigerter oder verminderter glutamaterger Neurotransmission im ZNS kommt. There are high concentrations of excitatory amino acids such as glutamate and aspartate in the central nervous system of mammals, including humans. Various receptors exist for the excitatory amino acids, which are referred to as N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), kainate (KA) and quisqualate (QUIS) receptor according to their specific agonists. The quisqualate receptors are also called AMPA receptors after the specific agonists (RS) -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate. The synaptic function of the excitatory amino acid L-glutamate is mediated primarily via quisqualate receptors. Since the quisqualate receptor contains a modulation point that can influence the function of the ion channel, the action on the modulation point of the quisqualate receptor enables bidirectional influencing of the receptor function. Clinical and animal experiments indicate that numerous neurological and psychiatric diseases lead to increased or decreased glutamatergic neurotransmission in the CNS.
Zu den Krankheiten, die von der Dysfunktion excitatorischer Aminosäuren bzw. veränderter glutamaterger Neurotransmission ausgelöst werden können, gehören beispielsweise neurodegenerative Störungen wie Morbus Parkinson, Morbus Huntington, Morbus Alzheimer, Senile Demenz, Multiinfarkt Demenz, Amyotrophe Lateralsklerose, Epilepsie; Zellschäden durch Hypoglykämie, Hypoxie und Ischämie; neuronale Schäden, die durch unkontrollierte Bewegungen entstehen; neuronale Schäden, die durch Schädigung des Gehirns ausgelöst werden wie Schlaganfall, Gehirntrauma und Asphyxie sowie Diseases that can be triggered by the dysfunction of excitatory amino acids or altered glutamatergic neurotransmission include, for example, neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, multi-infarct dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy; Cell damage from hypoglycemia, hypoxia and ischemia; neuronal damage caused by uncontrolled movements; neuronal damage caused by brain damage such as stroke, brain trauma and asphyxia as well
Psychosen, Schizophrenie, Angstzustände, Schmerzzustände, Migräne und Emesis. Auch funktionelle Störungen wie Gedächtnisstörungen (Amnesie), Störungen des Lernprozesses, Vigilanzerscheinungen und Entzugserscheinungen nach chronischer Einnahme von Suchtmitteln wie Benzodiazepinen, Halluzinogenen, Alkohol, Kokain und Opiaten basieren auf der Dysfunktion glutamaterger Neurotransmission. Psychoses, schizophrenia, anxiety, pain, migraines and vomiting. Functional disorders such as memory disorders (amnesia), disorders of the learning process, vigilance symptoms and withdrawal symptoms after chronic use of addictive substances such as benzodiazepines, hallucinogens, alcohol, ***e and opiates are based on the dysfunction of glutamaterergic neurotransmission.
Überraschenderweise wurde nun gefunden, daß die Verbindungen der Formel I auf die Modulationsstelle des Quisqualat-Rezeptors einwirken und die pathologisch veränderte Funktion dieses Rezeptors korrigieren und daher zur symptomatischen und präventiven Behandlung der vorstehend genannten Krankheiten verwendet werden können. Surprisingly, it has now been found that the compounds of the formula I act on the modulation site of the quisqualate receptor and correct the pathologically modified function of this receptor and can therefore be used for the symptomatic and preventive treatment of the abovementioned diseases.
Erfindungsgemäβ geeignet sind Verbindungen der Formel I sowie deren Säureadditionssalze Compounds of the formula I and their acid addition salts are suitable according to the invention
worin wherein
R A Wasserstoff, Halogen, NH2, NO2, -CHR1-R2, gegebenenfalls mit Halogen,R A is hydrogen, halogen, NH 2 , NO 2 , -CHR 1 -R 2 , optionally with halogen,
C1-4-Alkyl, C1-4-Alkoxy oder Amino substituiertes Phenyl, Hetaryl, -OR5 oder -CO-R bedeutet und ein- bis dreifach gleich oder verschieden stehen kann, C 1-4 -alkyl, C 1-4 -alkoxy or amino-substituted phenyl, hetaryl, -OR 5 or -CO-R and can be one to three times the same or different,
R3Hydroxy, C1 -6-Alkoxy oder NR6R7 , R 3 hydroxy, C 1 -6 alkoxy or NR 6 R 7 ,
R 4Wassersoff, Phenyl, C3-7-Cycloalkyl, C1-6-Alkyl oder -(CH2)n-O-R8 und R9Wasserstoff, C1-6-Alkyl oder Benzyl bedeutet, wobei R 4 is hydrogen, phenyl, C 3-7 cycloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyl or - (CH 2 ) n -OR 8 and R 9 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl or benzyl, where
R Hydroxy, C1-6-Alkoxy, Benzyloxy oder NR10R11, worin R10 und R11 gleich oder verschieden sind und Wasserstoff, C 1-6-Alkyl, C2-6-Alkenyl oder gemeinsam mit dem Stickstoffatom einen gesättigten 5- oder 6-gliedrigen Heterocyclus bedeuten, der noch ein weiteres Schwefel, Sauerstoff- oder Stickstoffatom enthalten und mit Phenyl oder C 1-4-Alkyl substituiert sein kann, R1Wasserstoff oder C 1-4-Alkyl, R is hydroxy, C 1-6 alkoxy, benzyloxy or NR 10 R 11 , wherein R 10 and R 11 are the same or different and are hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl or a saturated atom together with the nitrogen atom 5- or 6-membered heterocycle, which also contain a further sulfur, oxygen or nitrogen atom and can be substituted by phenyl or C 1-4 alkyl, R 1 is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl,
R 2Wasserstoff, gegebenenfalls mit NR12R13 substituiertes C 1-2-Alkyl, R 2 is hydrogen, C 1-2 alkyl optionally substituted by NR 12 R 13 ,
-O-C 1-6-Alkyl, -S-C 1-6-Alkyl oder einen gegebenenfalls substituierten-OC 1-6 alkyl, -SC 1-6 alkyl or an optionally substituted
Phenyl-, Benzyl- oder Phenoxy-Rest, R5 Wasserstoff, C 1-6-Alkyl, C3-7-Cycloalkyl oder einen gegebenenfalls substituierten Phenyl-, Benzyl-, Hetaryl- oder benzokondensierten Hetarylrest, R6Wasserstoff, C1-6-Alkyl oder C2 -6-Alkenyl, Phenyl, benzyl or phenoxy radical, R 5 hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-7 cycloalkyl or an optionally substituted phenyl, benzyl, hetaryl or benzo-fused hetaryl radical, R 6 hydrogen, C 1- 6- alkyl or C 2 -6- alkenyl,
R7Wasserstoff, C1-6-Alkyl, C 2-6-Alkenyl, NR14R15, Hydroxy, C1-6-Alkoxy,R 7 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, NR 14 R 15 , hydroxy, C 1-6 alkoxy,
-CO-R16, C 3-7-Cycloalkyl, ein gegebenenfalls mit Halogen substituierter Phenyl- oder Phenyl-C 1-2-alkyl-Rest. oder gegebenenfalls mit C1-4-Alkoxy, NR17R18, Hydroxy, Halogen, Phenyl, C1-4-Alkoxycarbonyl oder Hydroxycarbonyl substituiertes C 1-6-Alkyl und R6 und R7 bilden gemeinsam mit dem Stickstoffatom einen 3- bis -CO-R 16 , C 3-7 cycloalkyl, an optionally substituted with halogen phenyl or phenyl-C 1-2 alkyl radical. or if necessary with C 1-4 alkoxy, NR 17 R 18 , hydroxy, halogen, phenyl, C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl or hydroxycarbonyl substituted C 1-6 alkyl and R 6 and R 7 together with the nitrogen atom form a 3 to
6-gliedrigen gesättigten Heterocyclus, der ein weiteres O- oder N-Atom enthalten kann und der mit ein- bis zwei C 1-4-Alkyl- oder 6-membered saturated heterocycle, which can contain a further O or N atom and with one to two C 1-4 alkyl or
C 1-4-Alkoxycarbonyl substituiert sein kann oder R6 und R7 bilden gemeinsam mit dem Stickstoffatom einen 5- oder C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl may be substituted or R 6 and R 7 together with the nitrogen atom form a 5- or
6-gliedrigen ungesättigten Heterocyclus, der ein weiteres O- oder S-Atom oder zwei weitere N-Atome enthalten kann,  6-membered unsaturated heterocycle which can contain one further O or S atom or two further N atoms,
R8Wasserstoff, C 1-6-Alkyl, C 1-4-Alkoxy-C 1-4-Alkyl oder Phenyl, R12 und R13 jeweils Wasserstoff, Phenyl, C 1-4-Alkyl oder gemeinsam mit demR 8 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy-C 1-4 alkyl or phenyl, R 12 and R 13 are each hydrogen, phenyl, C 1-4 alkyl or together with the
Stickstoffatom einen 5- oder 6-gliedrigen gesättigten Heterocyclus bilden, der ein weiteres O-, S- oder N-Atom enthalten kann und der mit ein- bis zwei C 1-4-Alkyl oder C 1-4-Alkoxycarbonyl substituiert sein kann, R14 und R15 die Bedeutung von R12 und R13 hat, R17 und R18 die Bedeutung von R12 und R13 hat, Nitrogen atom form a 5- or 6-membered saturated heterocycle which can contain a further O, S or N atom and which can be substituted by one to two C 1-4 alkyl or C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl, R 14 and R 15 have the meaning of R 12 and R 13 , R 17 and R 18 have the meaning of R 12 and R 13 ,
R16 Wasserstoff, C 1-4-Alkyl oder NH2 und R 16 is hydrogen, C 1-4 alkyl or NH 2 and
n 1, 2 oder 3 bedeutet. n means 1, 2 or 3.
Zuvor unbekannte Verbindungen der Formel I sind die Verbindungen der Previously unknown compounds of formula I are the compounds of
Formel la Formula la
worin wherein
R9a C 1-6-Alkyl oder Benzyl, R 9a is C 1-6 alkyl or benzyl,
RA'gegebenenfalls mit Halogen, C 1-4-Alkyl, C 1-4-Alkoxy oder Amino substituiertes Phenyl, Hetaryl, -CHR1-R2 , -OR5 oder -CO-R bedeutet und einbis dreifach gleich oder verschieden stehen kann und R1, R2, R3, R4 , R5 und R die oben angegebene Bedeutung haben. Der Substituent RA kann im A-Ring in Position 5-8, bevorzugt in 5-,R A ' is phenyl, hetaryl, -CHR 1 -R 2 , -OR 5 or -CO-R optionally substituted with halogen, C 1-4 -alkyl, C 1-4 -alkoxy or amino and are mono to triple the same or different can and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R have the meaning given above. The substituent R A can be in the A ring in position 5-8, preferably in 5-,
6-und/oder 7-Stellung stehen. 6 and / or 7 position.
Alkyl beinhaltet jeweils sowohl gerad- als auch verzweigt-kettige Reste wie beispielsweise Methyl, Ethyl, Propyl, Isopropyl, Butyl, Isobutyl, sek. Butyl, tert. Butyl, Pentyl, Isopentyl und Hexyl. Alkyl contains both straight and branched chain residues such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec. Butyl, tert. Butyl, pentyl, isopentyl and hexyl.
Cycloalkyl kann jeweils für Cyclopropyl. Cyclobutyl, Cyclopentyl, Cyclohexyl, Cycloheptyl stehen. Bedeutet R5 oder RA einen Hetarylrest, so ist dieser 5- oder 6-gliedrig und enthält 1-3 Heteroatome wie Stickstoff, Sauerstoff- und/oder Schwefel.Cycloalkyl can be used for cyclopropyl. Cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl. If R 5 or R A is a hetaryl radical, this is 5- or 6-membered and contains 1-3 heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen and / or sulfur.
Beispielsweise seien die folgenden 5- und 6-Ring Heteroaromaten genannt:For example, the following 5- and 6-ring heteroaromatics may be mentioned:
Pyridin, Pyrimidin, Pyrazin, Pyridazin, Furan, Thiophen, Pyrrol, Thiazol,Pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyridazine, furan, thiophene, pyrrole, thiazole,
Imidazol, Triazin. Imidazole, triazine.
Bedeutet R5 einen benzokondensierten Hetarylrest, so enthält dieser 1-2 Stickstoffatome wie Chinolin, Isochinolin, Chinoxalin oder Benzimidazol. If R 5 is a benzo-condensed hetaryl radical, this contains 1-2 nitrogen atoms such as quinoline, isoquinoline, quinoxaline or benzimidazole.
Der Substituent des Phenyl-, Benzyl- und Hetarylrestes R kann ein- bis dreifach in jeder beliebigen Position stehen. Geeignete Substituenten sind Halogene, Nitro. Cyano, C 1-4-Alkyl, C 1-4-Alkoxy, Amino, C 1-4-Alkoxycarbonyl, C 1-4-Alkylthio und Trifluormethyl. The substituent of the phenyl, benzyl and hetaryl radical R can be one to three times in any position. Suitable substituents are halogens, nitro. Cyano, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, amino, C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1-4 alkylthio and trifluoromethyl.
Unter Halogen ist jeweils Fluor, Chlor, Brom oder Jod zu verstehen. Als Substituenten des Phenyl-, Benzyl- und Phenoxy-Restes R2 sind die für R5 genannten Substituenten der Arαmaten geeignet, insbesondere Halogen. Halogen is to be understood as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. Suitable substituents for the phenyl, benzyl and phenoxy radical R 2 are the substituents of the aramates mentioned for R 5 , in particular halogen.
Als Phenyl-C 1-2-Alkyl seien beispielsweise Benzyl, Phenethyl und Examples of phenyl-C 1-2 alkyl include benzyl, phenethyl and
α-Methyl-benzyl genannt. Called α-methyl-benzyl.
Als gesättigter stickstoffhaltiger Heterocyclus ist jeweils beispielsweiseAs a saturated nitrogen-containing heterocycle, for example
Piperidin, Morpholin, Piperazin, Pyrrolidin, Imidazolidin, Pyrazolidin und, falls der Heterocyclus ein Schwefelatom enthält Thiomorpholin undPiperidine, morpholine, piperazine, pyrrolidine, imidazolidine, pyrazolidine and, if the heterocycle contains a sulfur atom, thiomorpholine and
Isothiazolidin geeignet. Enthält der Heterocyclus C 1-4-Alkylgruppen, so seien beispielsweise 2,6-Dimethyl-morpholin und N-Methyl-piperazin genannt. Bilden R6 und R7 gemeinsam mit dem Stickstoffatom einen 5- oder 6-ungesättigten Heterocyclus, so kommen beispielsweise Imidazol, Pyrrol, Pyrazol in Betracht. Isothiazolidine suitable. If the heterocycle contains C 1-4 alkyl groups, 2,6-dimethylmorpholine and N-methylpiperazine may be mentioned, for example. If R 6 and R 7 form a 5- or 6-unsaturated heterocycle together with the nitrogen atom, imidazole, pyrrole, pyrazole, for example, are suitable.
Falls chirale Zentren, vorhanden sind, können die Verbindungen der Formel I in Form der Stereoisomeren und deren Gemische vorliegen. If chiral centers are present, the compounds of the formula I can be in the form of the stereoisomers and mixtures thereof.
Die physiologisch verträglichen Säureadditionssalze leiten sich von den bekannten anorganischen und organischen Säuren ab wie beispielsweise Salzsäure, Bromwasserstoffsäure, Schwefelsäure, Phosphorsäure, Ameisensäure, Essigsäure, Benzoesäure, Maleinsäure, Fumarsäure, Succinsäure, Weinsäure, Zitronensäure, Oxalsäure, Glyoxylsäure sowie von Alkansulfonsäuren wie beispielsweise Methansulfonsäure, Ethansulfonsäure, Benzolsulfonsäure, p-Toluolsulfonsäure u.a. The physiologically compatible acid addition salts are derived from the known inorganic and organic acids, such as, for example, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, glyoxylic acid and also, for example, methanesulfonic acid, such as, for example, alkanesulfonic acid, such as, for example, alkanesulfonic acid, Ethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and others
Bedeutet der Substituent R3 =NR6R7, so sind für R7 die folgenden Bedeutungen als bevorzugt zu betrachten: Wasserstoff, C 1-6-Alkyl, C 2-6-Alkenyl, C 3-7-Cycloalkyl, ein gegebenenfalls mit Halogen substituierter Phenyloder Phenyl-C1-2-alkyl-Rest, oder -gegebenenfalls mit C 1-4-Alkoxy, NR17R18.If the substituent R 3 = NR 6 R 7 , the following meanings are preferred for R 7 : hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 3-7 cycloalkyl, optionally with Halogen substituted phenyl or phenyl-C 1-2 -alkyl radical, or - optionally with C 1-4 -alkoxy, NR 17 R 18 .
Hydroxy, Halogen, Phenyl, C 1-4-Alkoxycarbonyl oder Hydroxycarbonyl substituiertes C 1-6-Alkyl und R und R bilden gemeinsam mit dem Stickstoffatom einen 3- bis 6-gliedrigen gesättigten Heterocyclus, der ein weiteres O-oder N-Atome enthalten kann und der mit ein- bis zwei C1-4-Alkyl- oder C 1-4-Alkoxycarb-onyl substituiert sein kann. Als Substituent R4 ist insbesondere Wasserstoff, C 1-6-Alkyl oder Hydroxy, halogen, phenyl, C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl or hydroxycarbonyl substituted C 1-6 alkyl and R and R together with the nitrogen atom form a 3- to 6-membered saturated heterocycle which is a can contain further O or N atoms and which can be substituted with one to two C 1-4 alkyl or C 1-4 alkoxycarb-onyl. The substituent R 4 is in particular hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl or
-CH2-O-C 1-6-Alkyl geeignet. -CH 2 -OC 1-6 alkyl suitable.
Die Verbindungen der Formel la können in gleicher Weise hergestellt werden wie die vorbekannten ß-Carboline, indem man eine Verbindung der Formel II The compounds of the formula Ia can be prepared in the same way as the previously known β-carbolines by using a compound of the formula II
worin RA', R4 und R3 die oben genannte Bedeutung haben, gegebenenfalls nach Schutz von Hydroxy-Gruppen, mit R9aX, worin X Halogen, Tosylat, in which R A ' , R 4 and R 3 have the abovementioned meaning, optionally after protecting hydroxyl groups, with R 9a X, in which X is halogen, tosylate,
Mesylat oder Triflat bedeutet, alkyliert und gegebenenfalls vorhandeneMesylate or triflate means alkylated and optionally present
Schutzgruppen anschliessend abspaltet oder Ester verseift. Protective groups then split off or saponified esters.
Zur Alkylierung können gebräuchliche Verfahren angewendet werden wie beispielsweise in J. Org. Chem. 1980, 3172; J. Org. Chem. 1988, 4873 J. med. Chem. 1987, 1555 oder Bull. Soc. Chem. Jpn. 19B3. 280 beschrieben. Genannt seien zum Beispiel die Alkylierung in Gegenwart von Basen wie Alkalihydroxyde, Alkalihydrid, Alkalicarbonat, Alkali-tert.-butylat, die im Überschuß eingesetzt werden. Die Reaktionen können homogen oder unter fest flüssig oder flüssig flüssig Phasentransferbedingungen ablaufen. Als Lösungsmittel für die homogenen und die unter fest flüssig Phasentransfer ablaufenden Reaktionen sind Lösungsmittel wie Methylenchlorid, Dimethylsulfoxyd, Dimethylformamid oder Tetrahydrofuran bevorzugt, während bei flüssig flüssig Phasentransferreaktionen beispielsweise Methylenchlorid, Benzol oder Toluol benutzt werden können. Für Phasentransferreaktionen ist ein Katalysator wie beispielsweise Tetrabutylammoniumhdrogensulfat oder Aliquat 336 vorteilhaft. Conventional methods can be used for the alkylation, for example in J. Org. Chem. 1980, 3172; J. Org. Chem. 1988, 4873 J. med. Chem. 1987, 1555 or Bull. Soc. Chem. Jpn. 19B3. 280 described. The alkylation in the presence of bases such as alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal hydride, alkali metal carbonate and alkali metal tert-butylate, which are used in excess, may be mentioned, for example. The reactions can proceed homogeneously or under solid liquid or liquid liquid phase transfer conditions. Solvents such as methylene chloride, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide or tetrahydrofuran are preferred as solvents for the homogeneous reactions and those taking place under solid-liquid phase transfer, while methylene chloride, benzene or toluene can be used in the case of liquid-liquid phase transfer reactions. For phase transfer reactions is a catalyst such as tetrabutylammonium hydrogensulfate or Aliquat 336 advantageous.
Als Hydroxyschutzgruppen sind alle üblicherweise verwendeten All commonly used hydroxyl protective groups are
Schutzgruppen geeignet, die unter den Reaktionsbedingungen nicht angegriffen werden. Beispiele für solche Schutzgruppen sind für am Suitable protective groups that are not attacked under the reaction conditions. Examples of such protective groups are for
Aromaten stehende Hydroxyschutzgruppen, Benzyl-, Methoxymethyl-, Aromatic hydroxyl protecting groups, benzyl, methoxymethyl,
Trialkylsilylgruppen, für die Carboxylgruppen Alkylester, Benzylester oder tert.-Butylester . Trialkylsilyl groups, for the carboxyl groups alkyl esters, benzyl esters or tert-butyl esters.
Die Schutzgruppen können in Abhängigkeit von der Art der Schutzgruppen, gegebenenfalls bei der Aufarbeitung des Reaktionsgemisches entfernt werden. Für saure Spaltungen sind Mineralsäuren und organische Säuren und deren Gemische geeignet oder Tetrabutylammoniumfluorid. Benzylreste werden üblicherweise katalytisch abhydriert z.B. mit Palladium/Kohle. Alkylester können alkalisch hydrolysiert werden. Depending on the nature of the protective groups, the protective groups can optionally be removed when the reaction mixture is worked up. Mineral acids and organic acids and their mixtures or tetrabutylammonium fluoride are suitable for acidic cleavages. Benzyl residues are usually catalytically hydrogenated e.g. with palladium / coal. Alkyl esters can be hydrolyzed under alkaline conditions.
Die Isomerengemische können nach den üblichen Methoden wie beispielsweise Kristallisation, Chromatographie oder Salzbildung in die Diastereomeren bzw. Enantiomeren getrennt werden. The isomer mixtures can be separated into the diastereomers or enantiomers by customary methods such as, for example, crystallization, chromatography or salt formation.
Zur Bildung der physiologisch verträglichen Säureadditionssalze wird eine Verbindung der Formel I beispielsweise in wenig Alkohol gelöst und mit einer konzentrierten Lösung der gewünschten Säure versetzt. To form the physiologically compatible acid addition salts, a compound of the formula I is dissolved, for example, in a little alcohol and mixed with a concentrated solution of the desired acid.
Soweit die Herstellung der Ausgangsverbindungen nicht beschrieben wird, sind diese bekannt oder analog zu bekannten Verbindungen oder hier beschriebenen Verfahren herstellbar. If the preparation of the starting compounds is not described, they are known or can be prepared analogously to known compounds or processes described here.
Die Ausgangsverbindungen der Formel II erhält man beispielsweise durch Hydrolyse der ß-Carbolin-3-carbonsäurealkylester, anschließender Amidierung der freien Carbonsäure, gegebenenfalls nach Überführung in ein reaktives Säurederivat. Die Herstellung der ß-Carbolin-3-carbonsäuren erfolgt durch übliche saure oder alkalische Hydrolyse, beispielsweise mit wässrigen Alkali- oder Erdalkalilösungen, gegebenenfalls unter Zusatz von organischen Lösungsmitteln wie Alkoholen bei Temperaturen von Raumtemperatur bis 150 °C. The starting compounds of the formula II are obtained, for example, by hydrolysis of the β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid alkyl esters, followed by amidation of the free carboxylic acid, if appropriate after conversion into a reactive acid derivative. The β-carboline-3-carboxylic acids are prepared by customary acidic or alkaline hydrolysis, for example using aqueous alkali or alkaline earth metal solutions, optionally with the addition of organic solvents such as alcohols at temperatures from room temperature to 150 ° C.
Die Amidierung erfolgt an den freien Carbonsäuren oder an deren reaktiven Derivaten wie beispielsweise Säurechloriden, gemischten Anhydriden, Imidazoliden oder Aziden durch Umsetzung mit den entsprechenden Aminen bei Raumtemperatur. Sollen disubstituierte Amide hergestellt werden, so setzt man vorteilhafterweise mit den entsprechenden Formamiden bei Temperaturen von 100 - 220 °C um. The amidation takes place on the free carboxylic acids or on their reactive derivatives such as, for example, acid chlorides, mixed anhydrides, imidazolides or azides by reaction with the corresponding amines at room temperature. If disubstituted amides are to be prepared, the reaction is advantageously carried out with the corresponding formamides at temperatures of 100-220 ° C.
Die pharmakologische Wirksamkeit der Verbindungen der Formel I wurde mittels der nachfolgend beschriebenen Teste bestimmt: The pharmacological activity of the compounds of the formula I was determined using the tests described below:
Männliche NMRI Mäuse mit einem Gewicht von 18-22g wurden unter kontrollierten Verhältnissen (6.00 - 18.00 Uhr Hell/Dunkelrythmus, bei freiem Zugang zu Futter und Wasser) gehalten und ihre Zuordnung zu Gruppen wurde randomisiert. Die Gruppen bestanden aus 5-16 Tieren. Die Beobachtung der Tiere wurde zwischen 8.00 und 13.00 Uhr vorgenommen. Male NMRI mice weighing 18-22g were kept under controlled conditions (6 a.m. - 6 p.m. light / dark rhythm, with free access to food and water) and their assignment to groups was randomized. The groups consisted of 5-16 animals. The animals were observed between 8 a.m. and 1 p.m.
Quisqualat wurde in den linken Ventrikel von frei beweglichen Mäusen gespritzt. Der Applikator bestand aus einer Kanüle mit einer Vorrichtung aus rostfreiem Stahl, die die Tiefe der Injektion auf 3,2 mm begrenzt. Der Applikator war an eine Injektionspumpe angeschlossen. Die Injektionsnadel wurde perpendicular zu der Oberfläche des Schädels nach den Koordinaten von Montemurro und Dukelow eingeführt. Die Tiere wurden bis zum Auftreten von clonischen bzw. tonischen Krämpfen bis zu 180 sec beobachtet. Die klonischen Bewegungen, die länger als 5 sec andauern, wurden als Krämpfe gezählt. Der Anfang der clonischen Krämpfe wurde als Endpunkt für die Bestimmung der Krampfschwelle verwendet. Die Dosis, die notwendig war, um die Krampfschwelle um 50% herauf- bzw. herabzusetzen (THRD ) wurde in 4-6 Experimenten bestimmt. Die THRD50 und die Vertrauensgrenze wurden in einer Regressionsanalyse bestimmt. Der nachfolgenden Tabelle ist am Beispiel von 5-Isopropoxy-4-methyl-9-methyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäureethylester (A) und am Beispiel von 5-Isopropoxy-4-methyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäureethylester (B) zu entnehmen, daß die Krampfschwelle für Quisqualat erhöht (+) bzw. erniedrigt wird (-). Quisqualate was injected into the left ventricle by freely moving mice. The applicator consisted of a cannula with a stainless steel device that limits the depth of the injection to 3.2 mm. The applicator was connected to an injection pump. The injection needle was inserted perpendicular to the surface of the skull according to the coordinates of Montemurro and Dukelow. The animals were observed for up to 180 seconds until clonic or tonic cramps occurred. The clonic movements that lasted longer than 5 seconds were counted as convulsions. The beginning of the clonic convulsions was used as the end point for the determination of the convulsive threshold. The dose required to increase or decrease the seizure threshold by 50% (THRD) was determined in 4-6 experiments. The THRD 50 and the confidence limit were determined in a regression analysis. The table below shows the example of 5-isopropoxy-4-methyl-9-methyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (A) and the example of 5-isopropoxy-4-methyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (B ) that the cramp threshold for quisqualate is increased (+) or decreased (-).
T A B E L L E TABLE
Verbindung Schwellenbestimmung (THRD50(mg/kg] Connection threshold determination (THRD 50 (mg / kg)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
A + 26.4 (20.0 - 33,9) A + 26.4 (20.0 - 33.9)
B - 50,6 (25.0 -102,1)  B - 50.6 (25.0 -102.1)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Die Ergebnisse dieser Versuchs zeigen, daß die Verbindungen der Formel I und deren Säureadditionssalze funktioneile Störungen des Glutamatrezeptors beeinflussen. Sie eignen sich daher zur Herstellung von Arzneimitteln zur symptomatischen und präventiven Behandlung von Erkrankungen, die durch Veränderung der Funktion des Glutamat-Rezeptors-Komplexes ausgelöst werden. The results of this experiment show that the compounds of the formula I and their acid addition salts influence functional disorders of the glutamate receptor. They are therefore suitable for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals for the symptomatic and preventive treatment of diseases which are triggered by changes in the function of the glutamate-receptor complex.
In Ergänzung zu den bisher bekannten Wirkungen der ß-Carboline. eignen sich die Verbindungen der Formel I und deren Säureadditionssalze zur Behandlung von Krankheiten, die durch Störungen der Glutamat-vermittelten Neurotransmission entstehen. Die Behandlung mit ß-Carbolinen verhindert bzw. verzögert die infolge der Erkrankung auftretenden Zellschädigungen unnd funktioneilen Störungen und vermindert die dadurch entstehenden Symptome. In addition to the previously known effects of ß-carbolines. the compounds of formula I and their acid addition salts are suitable for the treatment of diseases which arise as a result of disorders in the glutamate-mediated neurotransmission. Treatment with β-carbolines prevents or delays the cell damage and functional disorders that occur as a result of the disease and reduces the symptoms that result.
Erfindungsgemäß geeignet sind ß-Carboline der Formel I zur Herstellung eines Arzneimittels zur Behandlung neurologischer Erkrankungen, die auf neurodegenerativen Störungen beruhen wie Morbus Parkinson, Amyotrophe Lateralsklerose. Morbus Alzheimer, Morbus Huntington, Senile Demenz, Multiinfarkt Demzenz oder Zellschäden durch Hypoglykämie, Hypoxie und Ischämie oder zur Behandlung neuronaler Schädea, die durch unkontrollierte Bewegungen oder Schädigung des Gehirns wie nach Β-Carbolines of the formula I are suitable according to the invention for producing a medicament for the treatment of neurological diseases which are based on neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, senile dementia, multi-infarct dementia or cell damage caused by hypoglycemia, hypoxia and ischemia or used to treat neuronal damage caused by uncontrolled movements or brain damage like after
Schlaganfall, Gehirntrauma und Asphyxie entstehen. Ferner eignen sich die Verbindungen der Formel I zur Behandlung psychiatrischer Erkrankungen wie Schizophrenie, Migräne und Schmerzzustände und zur Behandlung der Entzugssymptomatik nach Drogenmißbrauch (Opiate, Halluzinogene, sedative Arzneimittel, Alkohol und Kokain). Stroke, brain trauma and asphyxia develop. The compounds of the formula I are also suitable for the treatment of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, migraines and pain and for the treatment of withdrawal symptoms after drug abuse (opiates, hallucinogens, sedative drugs, alcohol and ***e).
Durch übliche pharmakologische Teste können die Indikationen gezeigt werden. The indications can be shown by conventional pharmacological tests.
Die Erfindung umfaßt auch pharmazeutische Mittel, die die genannten Verbindungen enthalten, deren Herstellung sowie die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen zur Herstellung von Arzneimitteln, die zur Behandlung und Prophylaxe der vorstehend genannten Krankheiten eingesetzt werden. Die Arzneimittel werden nach an sich bekannten Verfahren hergestellt, indem man den Wirkstoff mit geeigneten Träger-, Hilfs- und/oder Zusatzstoffen in die Form eines pharmazeutischen Präparates bringt, das für die enterale oder parenterale Applikation geeignet ist. Die Applikation kann oral oder sublingual als Feststoff in Form von Kapseln oder Tabletten oder als Flüssigkeit in Form von Lösungen, Suspensionen, Elixieren oder Emulsionen oder rektal in Form von Suppositorien oder in Form von gegebenenfalls auch subcutan anwendbaren Injektionslösungen erfolgen. Als Hilfsstoffe für die gewünschte Arzneimittelformulierung sind die dem Fachmann bekannten inerten organischen und anorganischen Trägermaterialien geeignet wie zum Beispiel Wasser, Gelatine, Gummi arabicum, Milchzucker, Stärke, Magnesiumstearat, Talk, pflanzliche Öle, Polyalkylenglykole usw. Gegebenenfalls können darüber hinaus Konservierungs-, Stabilisierungs-, Netzmittel, Emulgatoren oder Salze zur Veränderung des osmotischen Druckes oder Puffer enthalten sein. The invention also encompasses pharmaceutical compositions which contain the compounds mentioned, their preparation and the use of the compounds according to the invention for the preparation of medicaments which are used for the treatment and prophylaxis of the abovementioned diseases. The pharmaceuticals are produced by methods known per se by bringing the active ingredient into the form of a pharmaceutical preparation with suitable carriers, auxiliaries and / or additives, which is suitable for enteral or parenteral administration. The application can take place orally or sublingually as a solid in the form of capsules or tablets or as a liquid in the form of solutions, suspensions, elixirs or emulsions or rectally in the form of suppositories or in the form of injection solutions which may also be used subcutaneously. Suitable auxiliaries for the desired pharmaceutical formulation are the inert organic and inorganic carrier materials known to the person skilled in the art, such as, for example, water, gelatin, gum arabic, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, talc, vegetable oils, polyalkylene glycols, etc. In addition, preservatives, stabilizers , Wetting agents, emulsifiers or salts to change the osmotic pressure or buffers may be included.
Die pharmazeutischen Präparate können in fester Form zum Beispiel als Tabletten, Dragees, Suppositorien, Kapseln oder in flüssiger Form, zum Beispiel als Lösungen, Suspensionen oder Emulsionen vorliegen. Als Trägersysteme können auch grenzflächennahe Hilfsstoffe wie Salze der Gallensäuren oder tierische oder pflanzliche Phospholipide, aber auch Mischungen davon sowie Liposome oder deren Bestandteile verwendet werden. The pharmaceutical preparations can be in solid form, for example as tablets, dragées, suppositories, capsules or in liquid form, for example as solutions, suspensions or emulsions. Auxiliaries close to the surface, such as salts of bile acids or animal or vegetable phospholipids, but also mixtures thereof and liposomes or their components can also be used as carrier systems.
Für die orale Anwendung sind insbesondere Tabletten, Dragees oder Kapseln mit Talkum und/oder Kohlenwasserstoffträger oder -binder, wie zum For oral use, in particular tablets, coated tablets or capsules with talc and / or hydrocarbon carriers or binders, such as
Beispiel Lactose, Mais- oder Kartoffelstärke, geeignet. Die Anwendung kann auch in flüssiger Form erfolgen, wie zum Beispiel als Saft, dem gegebenenfalls ein Süßstoff beigefügt wird. Example lactose, corn or potato starch, suitable. They can also be used in liquid form, for example as juice, to which a sweetener may be added.
Für die parenterale Anwendung sind insbesondere Injektionslösungen oder Suspensionen, insbesondere wässrige Lösungen der aktiven Verbindungen in polyhydroxyethoxyliertem Rizinusöl, geeignet. Injection solutions or suspensions, in particular aqueous solutions of the active compounds in polyhydroxyethoxylated castor oil, are particularly suitable for parenteral use.
Die Dosierung der Wirkstoffe kann je nach Art der Anwendung, Alter und Gewicht des Patienten, Art und Schwere der zu behandelnden Erkrankung und ähnlichen Faktoren variieren. Die tägliche Dosis kann als einmal zu verabreichende Einzeldosis oder unterteilt in 2 oder mehrere Tagesdosen gegeben werden. Die Verbindungen werden in einer Dosiseinheit von 0,05 bis 100 mg aktiver Substanz in einem physiologisch verträglichen Träger eingebracht. Im allgemeinen wird eine Dosis von 0,1 - 500 mg/Tag, vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 50 mg/Tag, angewendet. The dosage of the active ingredients can vary depending on the type of application, age and weight of the patient, type and severity of the disease to be treated and similar factors. The daily dose can be given as a single dose to be administered once or divided into 2 or more daily doses. The compounds are introduced in a dose unit of 0.05 to 100 mg of active substance in a physiologically acceptable carrier. Generally, a dose of 0.1-500 mg / day, preferably 0.1-50 mg / day, is used.
Die Verbindungen der Formel I sind bekannt oder können analog zu bekannten Verbindungen und bekannten Verfahren hergestellt werden. Beispielsweise wird die Herstellung der Verbindungen der Formell in folgenden Schutzrechten beschrieben: EP-30254, EP-54507, EP-128415, EP-130140, EP-130141, EP-137390, EP-161575, EP-222693, EP-234173, EP-232675, EP-237467, WO 92/21679 und DOS-4130933.2. The compounds of the formula I are known or can be prepared analogously to known compounds and known processes. For example, the preparation of the compounds of the formula is described in the following protective rights: EP-30254, EP-54507, EP-128415, EP-130140, EP-130141, EP-137390, EP-161575, EP-222693, EP-234173, EP -232675, EP-237467, WO 92/21679 and DOS-4130933.2.
Die nachfolgenden Beispiele sollen die Herstellung der Verbindungen der Formel I erläutern: Beispiel 1 The following examples are intended to illustrate the preparation of the compounds of the formula I: example 1
5-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure 5-benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid
15 g 5-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäureethylester werden mit 100 ml 2N-Natronlauge 4 Stunden am Rückfluß erhitzt. In der Wärme wird der Ansatz mit 2N-Salzsäure leicht sauer gestellt (pH4), das beim Abkühlen ausgefallene Kristallisat abgesaugt und der Filterkuchen unter Wasser neutral gewaschen und getrocknet. Man erhält 13,8 g (99 % der Theorie) 5-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure vom Schmelzpunkt 225 °C (Zers.). 15 g of 5-benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester are refluxed with 100 ml of 2N sodium hydroxide solution for 4 hours. In the heat, the mixture is made slightly acidic (pH 4) with 2N hydrochloric acid, the crystals which precipitated out on cooling are filtered off with suction and the filter cake is washed neutral under water and dried. 13.8 g (99% of theory) of 5-benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid with a melting point of 225 ° C. (dec.) Are obtained.
In analoger Weise werden hergestellt: The following are produced in an analogous manner:
6-Benzyloxy-4,9-dimethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure 6-benzyloxy-4,9-dimethyl-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid
4-Isopropoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure 5-Isopropoxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure 4-isopropoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid 5-isopropoxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid
5-(5-Brompyrid-2-yl)-oxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure 5- (5-bromopyrid-2-yl) -oxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid
6-Pyrazinyloxy-4-ethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure 6-pyrazinyloxy-4-ethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid
6,7-Dimethoxy-4-ethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid
6,7-Dirnethoxy-4-ethyl-9-methyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure 6,7-dirnethoxy-4-ethyl-9-methyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid
4-Methoxy-ethoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure 4-methoxy-ethoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid
5-Isopropoxy-4,9-dimethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure 5-isopropoxy-4,9-dimethyl-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid
5-(4-(1-phenoxy)-4-methoxymethyl-9-methyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure 5- (4- (1-phenoxy) -4-methoxymethyl-9-methyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid
5-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-9-benzyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure 6-Ethoxy-9-ethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure 5-benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-9-benzyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid 6-ethoxy-9-ethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid
5-Isopropoxy-4-methyl-9-ethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure 5-isopropoxy-4-methyl-9-ethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid
Beispiel 2 Example 2
5-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure-ethylamid 5-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid-ethylamide
1,44 g (4mMol) 5-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethylß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure werden in 40 ml Dimethylformamid vorgelegt und bei Raumtemperatur mit einer 0,25 molaren Lösung von Thionylimidazol in Tetrahydrofuran versetzt. Nach 1 Stunde Rühren bei Raumtemperatur wird 30 Minuten Ethylamin in diese Lösung eingeleitet. Der Ansatz wird eingeengt und der Rückstand in Methylenchlorid und Wasser verteilt. Die organische Phase wird getrocknet, filtriert, eingeengt und der Rückstand zweimal aus Ethanol/Diisopropylester umkristallisiert. Man erhält 727 mg (47 %. der Theorie) 5-Benzyloxy4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäureethylamid vom Schmelzpunkt 1.44 g (4 mmol) of 5-benzyloxy-4-methoxymethylß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid are placed in 40 ml of dimethylformamide and mixed with a 0.25 molar solution of thionylimidazole in tetrahydrofuran at room temperature. After stirring for 1 hour at room temperature, ethylamine is passed into this solution for 30 minutes. The mixture is concentrated and the residue is distributed in methylene chloride and water. The organic phase is dried, filtered and concentrated, and the residue is recrystallized twice from ethanol / diisopropyl ester. 727 mg (47% of theory) of 5-benzyloxy4-methoxymethyl-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl amide are obtained from the melting point
20t - 206 °C. 20t - 206 ° C.
In grundsätzlich analoger Weise werden hergestellt: The following are produced in a basically analogous manner:
6-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäureisopropylamid 6-benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid isopropylamide
4-Ethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure-(3-fluorphenyl)-amid 4-ethyl-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (3-fluorophenyl) amide
5-(3-Chlorbenzyloxy)-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäurecyclopropylamid 5- (3-chlorobenzyloxy) -4-methoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid cyclopropylamide
5-Benzyloxy-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäureamid 5-benzyloxy-ß-carboline-3-carboxamide
6-(Piperidin-1-yl)-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäuremethylamid ß-Carbolin-3-carbonsäure-(1-hydroxymethyl)-propylamid 6-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure-(2-hydroxyethyl)-amid 6- (Piperidin-1-yl) -ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid methylamide ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid- (1-hydroxymethyl) propylamide 6-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (2-hydroxyethyl) amide
5-Isopropoxy-4,9-dimethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure-N-ethylamid 5-isopropoxy-4,9-dimethyl-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid-N-ethylamide
5-(4-Chlorphenoxy)-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäuremorpholid 5- (4-Chlorophenoxy) -4-methoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid morpholide
Beispiel 3 Example 3
5-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäurediethylamid 5-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid diethylamide
Eine Suspension von 724 mg (2 mMol) 5-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäure wird in 29 ml absolutem Dimethylformamid mit 32 ml einer 0,25 molaren Lösung von Thionylimidazol in Tetrahydrofuran versetzt und 2 Stunden bei Raumtemperatur gerührt. Es ist danach eine klare Lösung entstanden. Es wird mit 100 ml Wasser versetzt und dreimal mit Essigester extrahiert. Die organische Phase wird mit gesättigter Kochsalzlösung gewaschen, getrocknet, filtriert und eingeengt. Der Rückstand wird aus Ethanol/Diethylether umkristallisiert uönd man erhält 389 mg 5-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäureimidazolid vom Schmelzpunkt 172 - 175 °C. Dieses Imidazolid wird in 20 ml Diethylformamid 2 Stunden auf 210 °C erhitzt. Nach Einengen wird der Rückstand zweimal Kieselgel zunächst mit Methylenchlorid :Ethanol = 10:1 und dann mit A suspension of 724 mg (2 mmol) of 5-benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid is mixed in 29 ml of absolute dimethylformamide with 32 ml of a 0.25 molar solution of thionylimidazole in tetrahydrofuran and stirred for 2 hours at room temperature . A clear solution was then created. 100 ml of water are added and the mixture is extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The organic phase is washed with saturated sodium chloride solution, dried, filtered and concentrated. The residue is recrystallized from ethanol / diethyl ether and 389 mg of 5-benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-β-carboline-3-carboximidazolide are obtained, melting point 172-175 ° C. This imidazolide is heated to 210 ° C. in 20 ml of diethylformamide for 2 hours. After concentration, the residue is twice silica gel first with methylene chloride: ethanol = 10: 1 and then with
Toluol:Eisessig:H 0 = 10:10:1 chromatographiert. Man erhält 100 mg Toluene: glacial acetic acid: H 0 = 10: 10: 1 chromatographed. 100 mg are obtained
5-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäurediethylamid vom Schmelzpunkt 164 - 166 °C. 5-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid diethylamide with a melting point of 164-166 ° C.
Beispiel 4 Example 4
9-Methyl-5-(4-Chlorphenoxy)-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäureisopropylester 9-methyl-5- (4-chlorophenoxy) -4-methoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid isopropyl ester
560 mg (1,3 mMol) 5-(4-Chlorphenoxy)-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäureisopropylester werden in 20 ml Dimethylformamid mit 45 mg Natriumhydrid (Dispersion, 807.ig) versetzt und 15 Minuten bei Raumtemperatur gerührt. Anschliessend werden 190 mg (1,3 mMol) Methyljodid zugegeben und 2 Stunden bei 80 °C Badtemperatur gerührt. Nach Eintragen in Wasser wird mit Methylenchlorid extrahiert, die organische Phase gewaschen, getrocknet, filtriert und eingeengt. Der Rückstand wird über Kieselgel mit Mehylenchlorid:i-Propanol = 90:10 chromatographiert. Man erhält 320 mg 487- der Theorie) 9-Methyl-5-(4-Chlorphenoκy)-4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin3-carbonsäureisopropylester vom Schmelzpunkt 117 - 118 °C. 560 mg (1.3 mmol) of 5- (4-chlorophenoxy) -4-methoxymethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid isopropyl ester in 20 ml of dimethylformamide are mixed with 45 mg of sodium hydride (dispersion, 807.ig) and for 15 minutes at room temperature touched. Then 190 mg (1.3 mmol) of methyl iodide are added and the mixture is stirred at a bath temperature of 80 ° C. for 2 hours. After being introduced into water, the mixture is extracted with methylene chloride, the organic phase is washed, dried, filtered and concentrated. The residue is chromatographed on silica gel with methylene chloride: i-propanol = 90:10. 320 mg of 487- (theory) 9-methyl-5- (4-chlorophenoxy) -4-methoxymethyl-ß-carbolin3-carboxylic acid isopropyl ester of melting point 117-118 ° C. are obtained.
In analoger Weise werden hergestellt: The following are produced in an analogous manner:
5-Isopropoxy-4,9-dimethyl-B-carbolin-3-carbonsäureethylester 5-Isopropoxy-4,9-dimethyl-B-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
6-Benzyloxy-4,9-dimethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäureisopropylester 6-Benzyloxy-4,9-dimethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid isopropyl ester
6,7-Dimethoxy-4-ethyl-9-methyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäuremethylester 6,7-Dimethoxy-4-ethyl-9-methyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester
5-(4-Chlorphenyl)-4-methoxymethyl-9-ethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäureisopropylester 5- (4-Chlorophenyl) -4-methoxymethyl-9-ethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid isopropyl ester
6,7-Dimethoxy-4-ethyl-9-benzyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäuremethylester 6,7-Dimethoxy-4-ethyl-9-benzyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester
5-(4-Chlorphenoxy)-4-methoxymethy1-9-isopropyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäureisopropylester 5- (4-Chlorophenoxy) -4-methoxymethy1-9-isopropyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid isopropyl ester
5-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-9-benzyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäureethylester 5-Benzyloxy-4-methoxymethyl-9-benzyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
6-Ethoxy-9-ethyl-ß-carbolin-3-carbonsäureethylester 6-Ethoxy-9-ethyl-ß-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1.) 1.)
Verwendung von Verbindungen der Formel I oder deren Säureadditionssalze  Use of compounds of formula I or their acid addition salts
worin RA Wasserstoff, Halogen, NH2, NO2, -CHR1-R2, gegebenenfalls mit Halogen. C 1-4-Alkyl, C 1-4-Alkoxy oder Amino substituiertes Phenyl, Hetaryl, -OR5 oder -CO- R bedeutet und ein- bis dreifach gleich oder verschieden stehen kann, wherein R A is hydrogen, halogen, NH 2 , NO 2 , -CHR 1 -R 2 , optionally with halogen. C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy or amino-substituted phenyl, hetaryl, -OR 5 or -CO- R and can be one to three times the same or different,
R3Hydroxy, C 1-6-Alkyloxy oder NR6R7. R 3 is hydroxy, C 1-6 alkyloxy or NR 6 R 7 .
R4Wassersoff, Phenyl, C 3-7-Cycloalkyl, C 1-6-Alkyl oder -(CH2)n - O- R 8 und R Wasserstoff, C 1-6-Alkyl oder Benzyl bedeutet, wobei R 4 is hydrogen, phenyl, C 3-7 cycloalkyl, C 1-6 alkyl or - (CH 2 ) n - O- R 8 and R is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl or benzyl, where
R Hydroxy, C 1-6-Alkoxy, Benzyloxy oder NR10R11, worin R10 und R gleich oder verschieden sind und Wasserstoff, C 1-6-Alkyl, C 2-6-Alkenyl oder gemeinsam mit dem Stickstoffatom einen gesättigten 5- oder 6-gliedrigen Heterocyclus bedeuten, der noch ein weiteres Schwefel, Sauerstoff- oder Stickstoffatom enthalten und mit Phenyl oder C 1-4-Alkyl substituiert sein kann, R is hydroxy, C 1-6 alkoxy, benzyloxy or NR 10 R 11 , in which R 10 and R are identical or different and are hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl or together with the nitrogen atom a saturated 5th - or 6-membered heterocycle which also contain a further sulfur, oxygen or nitrogen atom and which can be substituted by phenyl or C 1-4 -alkyl,
R1Wasserstoff oder C 1-4-Alkyl. R2 Wasserstoff, gegebenenfalls mit NR R substituiertes C1-2-Alkyl, -O-C -Alkyl, -S-C 1-6-Alkyl oder einen gegebenenfalls substituierten Phenyl-, Benzyl- oder Phenoxy-Rest, R5 Wasserstoff, C 1-6-Alkyl, C 1-7-Cycloalkyl oder einen gegebenenfalls substituierten Phenyl-, Benzyl-, Hetaryl- oder benzokondensierten Hetarylrest, R 1 is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl. R 2 is hydrogen, C 1-2 -alkyl, -OC -alkyl, -SC 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with NR R or an optionally substituted phenyl, benzyl or phenoxy radical, R 5 is hydrogen, C 1-6 Alkyl, C 1-7 -cycloalkyl or an optionally substituted phenyl, benzyl, hetaryl or benzo-fused hetaryl radical,
R6 Wasserstoff, C 1-6-Alkyl oder C 1-6-Alkenyl, R 6 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl or C 1-6 alkenyl,
R7 Wasserstoff, C1-6-Alkyl, C2-6-Alkenyl, NR14R15, Hydroxy, C1-6-Alkoxy,R 7 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, NR 14 R 15 , hydroxy, C 1-6 alkoxy,
-CO-R16, C3-7-Cycloalkyl, ein gegebenenfalls mit Halogen substituierter Phenyl- oder Phenyl-C1-2-alkyl-Rest, oder gegebenenfalls mit -CO-R 16 , C 3-7 -cycloalkyl, a phenyl or phenyl-C 1-2 -alkyl radical optionally substituted with halogen, or optionally with
C1-4-Alkoxy, NR17R18, Hydroxy, Halogen, Phenyl, C1-4- lkoxycarbonyl oder Hydroxycarbonyl substituiertes C1-6-Alkyl und R6 und R7 bilden gemeinsam mit dem Stickstoffatom einen 3- bis 6-gliedrigen gesättigten Heterocyclus, der ein weiteres O- oder N-Atom enthalten kann und der mit ein- bis zwei C1-4-Alkyl- oder C1-4-Alkoxycarbonyl substituiert sein kann oder R6 und R7 bilden gemeinsam mit dem Stickstoffatom einen 5- oder C 1-4 alkoxy, NR 17 R 18 , hydroxy, halogen, phenyl, C 1-4 - alkoxycarbonyl or hydroxycarbonyl substituted C 1-6 alkyl and R 6 and R 7 together with the nitrogen atom form a 3- to 6- membered saturated heterocycle which may contain another O or N atom and which may be substituted by one to two C 1-4 alkyl or C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl or R 6 and R 7 together with the nitrogen atom a 5 or
6-gliedrigen ungesättigten Heterocyclus, der ein weiteres O- oder S-Atom oder zwei weitere N-Atome enthalten kann, R8 asserstoff, C1-6-Alkyl, C1-4-Alkoxy-C1-4-Alkyl oder Phenyl, R12 und R13 tjeweils Wasserstoff. Phenyl, C1-4-Alkyl oder gemeinsam mit dem6-membered unsaturated heterocycle, which can contain one further O or S atom or two further N atoms, R 8 ateric, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy-C 1-4 alkyl or phenyl , R 12 and R 13 are each hydrogen. Phenyl, C 1-4 alkyl or together with the
Stickstoffatom einen 5- oder 6-gliedrigen gesättigten Heterocyclus bilden, der ein weiteres O-, S- oder N-Atom enthalten kann und der mit ein- bis zwei C1-4-Alkyl oder C1-4-Alkoxycarbonyl substituiert sein kann. R14 und R15 die Bedeutung von R12 und R hat, Nitrogen atom form a 5- or 6-membered saturated heterocycle which can contain a further O, S or N atom and which can be substituted by one to two C 1-4 alkyl or C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl. R 14 and R 15 have the meaning of R 12 and R,
R17 und R18 die Bedeutung von R und R hat, R 17 and R 18 have the meaning of R and R,
R16 Wasserstoff, C1-4-Alkyl oder NH2 und n 1 , 2 oder 3 bedeutet, zur Herstellung eines Arzneimittels zur Behandlung funktioneller Störungen des Glutamat-Rezeptors. R 16 is hydrogen, C 1-4 alkyl or NH 2 and n is 1, 2 or 3, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of functional disorders of the glutamate receptor.
2.) 2.)
Verwendung von Verbindungen der Formel I oder deren Säureadditionssalze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß neurologische und  Use of compounds of formula I or their acid addition salts according to claim 1, characterized in that neurological and
psychiatrische Erkrankungen behandelt werden. psychiatric disorders are treated.
3.) 3.)
Verwendung von Verbindungen der Formel I oder deren Säureadditionssalze nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß neurodegenerative Erkrankungen wie Morbus Parkinson, Morbus Huntington, Senile Demenz, Amyotrophe Lateralsklerose, Schlaganfall, Gehirntrauma, Asphyxie, Multiinfarkt Demenz behandelt werden.  Use of compounds of formula I or their acid addition salts according to claim 2, characterized in that neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, senile dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, brain trauma, asphyxia, multi-infarct dementia are treated.
4.) 4.)
Verwendung von Verbindungen der Formel I oder deren Säureadditionssalze nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß psychiatrische Erkrankungen wie Schizophrenie, Migräne, Schmerzzustände oder Entzugssymptome nach Drogenmißbrauch behandelt werden.  Use of compounds of formula I or their acid addition salts according to claim 2, characterized in that psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia, migraines, painful conditions or withdrawal symptoms are treated after drug abuse.
5.) 5.)
Verwendung nach Anspruch 2 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß neuronale Zellschäden behandelt werden. Verbindungen der Formel la Use according to claim 2, characterized in that neuronal cell damage is treated. Compounds of the formula la
worin wherein
R9a C1-6-Alkyl oder Benzyl, RA' gegebenenfalls mit Halogen, C1-4-Alkyl, C1-4-Alkoxy oder Amino substituiertes Phenyl, Hetaryl, -CHR1-R2 , -OR5 oder -CO-R bedeutet und ein- bis dreifach gleich oder verschieden stehen kann und R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 und R die oben angegebene Bedeutung haben. R 9a is C 1-6 alkyl or benzyl, R A ' phenyl optionally substituted with halogen, C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy or amino, hetaryl, -CHR 1 -R 2 , -OR 5 or - CO-R means and can be one to three times the same or different and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R have the meaning given above.
7.) 7.)
Verfahren zur Herstellung der Verbindungen der Formel la dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man eine Verbindung der Formel II  Process for the preparation of the compounds of formula la, characterized in that a compound of formula II
worin RA , R4 und R3 die oben genannte Bedeutung haben, gegebenenfalls nach Schutz von Hydroxy-Gruppen, mit R9aX, worin X Halogen bedeutet, alkyliert und gegebenenfalls vorhandene Schutzgruppen anschliessend abspaltet oder Ester verseift. in which R A , R 4 and R 3 have the abovementioned meaning, optionally after protecting hydroxyl groups, alkylated with R 9a X, in which X is halogen, and any protective groups present are subsequently split off or saponified by esters.
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines pharmazeutischen Mittels dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Wirkstoffe nach Anspruch 1 mit geeigneten Träger-, Hilfs- und/oder Zusatzstoffen in eine geeignete Darreichungsform bringt. A process for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition, characterized in that the active ingredients according to claim 1 are brought into a suitable dosage form with suitable carriers, auxiliaries and / or additives.
9.) 9.)
Arzneimittel, enthaltend eine Verbindung der Formel la und einen geeigneten Träger-, Hilfs- und/oder Zusatzstoff.  Medicament containing a compound of formula la and a suitable carrier, auxiliary and / or additive.
EP93908924A 1992-04-10 1993-04-06 USE OF $g(b)-CARBOLINES Withdrawn EP0633779A1 (en)

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DE4212529A DE4212529A1 (en) 1992-04-10 1992-04-10 Use of µ-carbolines as non-competitive glutamate antagonists
DE4212529 1992-04-10
PCT/EP1993/000858 WO1993020820A1 (en) 1992-04-10 1993-04-06 USE OF β-CARBOLINES

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DE4330175A1 (en) * 1993-08-31 1995-03-02 Schering Ag Alkoxy substituted beta carbolines
DE4436190A1 (en) * 1994-10-10 1996-04-11 Gerhard Prof Dr Bringmann Halogenated β-carboline derivatives, process for their preparation and use of these substances for inhibiting the respiratory chain
RU2106864C1 (en) * 1995-10-23 1998-03-20 Николай Серафимович Зефиров New approach to treatment of alzheimer's disease
US6017903A (en) 1996-09-27 2000-01-25 Guilford Pharmaceuticals Inc. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating a glutamate abnormality and effecting a neuronal activity in an animal using NAALADase inhibitors
US5824662A (en) 1996-09-27 1998-10-20 Guilford Pharmaceuticals Inc. Treatment of global and focal ischemia using naaladase inhibitors
TR199901173T2 (en) 1996-09-27 1999-07-21 Guilford Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Methods and compositions of NAALADase for the treatment of glutamate abnormality and regulation of neuronal activity in vivo.
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