EP0623799A1 - Interactive video system - Google Patents
Interactive video system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0623799A1 EP0623799A1 EP94105129A EP94105129A EP0623799A1 EP 0623799 A1 EP0623799 A1 EP 0623799A1 EP 94105129 A EP94105129 A EP 94105129A EP 94105129 A EP94105129 A EP 94105129A EP 0623799 A1 EP0623799 A1 EP 0623799A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- video
- computer
- scenes
- image
- light
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41J—TARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
- F41J5/00—Target indicating systems; Target-hit or score detecting systems
- F41J5/10—Cinematographic hit-indicating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
- F41G3/26—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying
- F41G3/2616—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device
- F41G3/2622—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device for simulating the firing of a gun or the trajectory of a projectile
- F41G3/2627—Cooperating with a motion picture projector
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41J—TARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
- F41J9/00—Moving targets, i.e. moving when fired at
- F41J9/14—Cinematographic targets, e.g. moving-picture targets
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for controlling and influencing running image sequences or individual images and interactive video scenes and / or image sequences below the reaction time perceivable by the human eye (real time), preferably in a simulator or shooting range, and a device for performing the method.
- the police and military shooting training usually takes place in a shooting range with protective walls, with a target in the form of a target or a standing picture being set up at the end of a shooting range. After each individual shot or a series of shots, the evaluation and notification of the number of hits or misses takes place. With such a device, practically only the handling of the weapon can be practiced, while the actual target practice in response to the object is far from practice, in particular police practice.
- the invention has for its object to provide means by means of which the running scene reacts to the action of the shooter in a period of time which is the natural Response time and the absorption capacity of the human eye corresponds.
- This object is achieved according to the method according to the invention in that the images, image sequences or video scenes are influenced optically and / or mechanically and the signals caused thereby are recorded and in real time using a computer with data compression hardware and software according to known JPEG - (Joint Photographik Expert Group) and MPEG-Motion Picture Expert Group) are used to trigger new or changed images, image sequences or video scenes, whereby a hard disk memory (HDD) serves as a playback and recording device.
- JPEG - Joint Photographik Expert Group
- MPEG-Motion Picture Expert Group MPEG-Motion Picture Expert Group
- an image sequence or video scene is played back as a primary main film from an external video source, video recorder or video disc player, and secondary alternative scenes are triggered by the light-optical and / or mechanical signals via the JPEG or MPEG method from the hard disk of the computer or PC computer imported using a video switch and a drive control interface.
- the accumulating scene is only changed in real time on the basis of the reaction of the shooter in accordance with his hits or missed hits, the scene which is now automatically recorded being prepared and recorded as a "reaction scene", so that the impression of a real reaction is created.
- the primary main film is played with the aid of a CD-ROM player via the digital data of the CD-ROM as a playback / recording device which, if necessary, is mixed and played with the secondary reaction scenes stored on the fixed memory or hard disk memory.
- a laser disc player LVP / LD can also be used as a playback or recording device according to the invention.
- At least one apparatus designed as a handgun is used as a means for optically or mechanically influencing an image, an image sequence or a video scene, which is designed to be loadable with the appropriate ammunition, each handgun having a sensor for registering a fired shot which detects the shot Signals transmitted by means of a transmitter built into the handgun or an electrical connecting line to a receiver which is connected to the input of the computer.
- a sensor for registering a fired shot which detects the shot Signals transmitted by means of a transmitter built into the handgun or an electrical connecting line to a receiver which is connected to the input of the computer.
- each handgun can be designed as a laser device for emitting laser flashes and can have a sensor for registering and signaling the transmitted light flash to the input of the computer.
- the simultaneous use of multiple shooters can be used not only when using laser flashes, but also when using conventional ballistic projectiles.
- the images, image sequences or video scenes are advantageously displayed on a reflection surface, and the signals caused by their light-optical and / or mechanical influence by the handguns are recorded by means of a video camera and the digital signals are fed to the computer for evaluation.
- the headlight behind it, so that the bullet hole is visible as a light spot and can be recorded by the video camera.
- the light spot can also be displayed in color.
- the video camera can also be designed as an infrared camera and the reflection surface can be irradiated with infrared light from the front in an invisible manner.
- an interactive video system plays a scene via the video projector on the screen (G) via a video switch (A).
- a laser can be used instead of the real shot, which projects a light spot directly, which is equivalent to the light of the backlit shot hole.
- the recording camera (E) now recognizes this light spot and emits the video information to a horizontal / vertical separator (F), which feeds this information to the computer (D).
- the computer (D) which can also be designed as a PC, now compares the supplied horizontal / vertical information with the mask programmed for the image number and determines whether the rows and columns of the computer mask which are assigned to the corresponding images on the hard disk memory (HDD) are with the horizontal / vertical position or the coordinates of the shot hole or the laser light spot. A match is scored as a hit, a mismatch as a miss.
- the computer (D) controls the video recorder (VR3) via the drive interface (B) and simultaneously switches its video signal through in video switching mode.
- the drive control (B) was already in the pause position and was put on hold via the software shortly before the decision sequence was reached.
- the video recorder (VR3) now continues the projection with the hit scene, for example in the one prepared Scene is played where the target object falls over. During this time, the video recorder (VR2) is already fast forward to the beginning of the next scene in order to wait for the switch back (VR3) to (VR2) in the pause position.
- the video recorder (VR2) is now switched to the video recorder (VR1), which thus plays back the scene of a hit, for example the target object shoots back.
- the system switches back to the video recorder (VR2) already in the pause position, which then continues the projection.
- This method can be expanded using a larger number of video recorders and the scenes can be designed accordingly.
- video images or video films are digitally broken down and loaded in "real time” (25 images / sec) by compression hardware or a computer plug-in card onto the hard disk.
- the software installed in the computer or already installed controls the overall process, which proceeds as follows: When the start button is pressed, the film previously input via the computer runs through the decompression hardware and a VGA / TV converter via the video projector. The video projector projects the film onto the screen in front of which the shooter is standing.
- the shooter now shoots at the target object appearing on the screen, the projectile penetrates the screen and releases the back light at the shot hole, generated by headlights H.
- the shot recording camera (C1) now recognizes the light spot, which can optionally also be generated by a laser device, which generates a similar light spot, and supplies this information to the camera A / D converter.
- the position of the light spot is broken down into horizontal lines and vertical columns.
- This information is then compared to the pixel grid of the screen holder and the corresponding pixels are determined. These pixels are now compared with the pixels of the hit mask belonging to the image and, if they match, are evaluated as hits.
- the hit mask is a number of pixels which correspond in position and position to the target object of a video image and which are directly assigned to the respective video image.
- All other pixels that are outside the hit mask are counted as non-hits if they match the light spot pixels.
- the shooter hits the target object on the screen, the shot camera recognizes the light spot and passes the columns and line data on to the mask comparison software. This now decides whether the light spot matches the pre-programmed pixels for hits.
- the scene "hit” is now played on the screen, for example the target object collapses, which was passed on from the hard disk to the video projector via the decompression hardware.
- the track / track search time is only approx. 5 ms and can be reduced to 0.3 ms when using a cache controller, but 20 ms are available for a field, the picture / scene jump is not visible to the human eye, and it gives the impression that the film or the projection has reacted directly to the shooter's intervention.
- This function is defined as an interactive function.
- the function sequence is generally identical to the function sequence "hit", except for the reaction of the mask comparison software, which now addresses and calls up the scene "no hit".
- the scene hit is played via the decompression hardware and the video projector.
- the image access time is in the range of 5 ms or 0.3 ms when using a cache control, the image / scene jump is again not visible to the human eye, and the effect already described under the "hit" function occurs.
- the hard disk plays the film continuously via the decompression hardware, and the target object behaves passively, since only when the shooter reacts by activating the shot-recording camera, hits / no-hits are jumped into the corresponding reaction scenes.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the device with two handguns W1 and Wn, a PC computer PC and a projection screen Z in a functional connection.
- the circuit corresponds to the representation according to FIG. 1.
- the designation Wn for the second handgun indicates that the number of handguns can be significantly higher.
- Every handgun is equipped with a sensor, which registers the time of the shot and feeds the resulting signal to a transmitter which forwards the signal to the receiver R.
- the signal can also be routed to the computer via an electrical line.
- the signals caused by the handguns W1 and Wn and recorded by the sensors S1 and Sn are fed to the computer PC, which immediately receives the signals from the video camera C1 via the shot results, which are evaluated in the computer and which then controls the scenes that are triggered from the hit evaluation, as described above.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the device with two handguns W1, Wn, a PC computer PC and a still picture T as a simplified embodiment of the invention.
- the handguns can be equipped as ballistic weapons or with a laser device. Their number can be considerably larger than two.
- the still picture T can be equipped with sensors which react to mechanical shocks, namely when a projectile has hit the still picture.
- sensors For the reception and localization of laser flashes on the still image, a number of sensors can be arranged, each of which detects a specific area on the image, so that the hit quality can also be determined and fed to the computer PC, which reacts to the still image triggers.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Steuerung und Beeinflußung von ablaufenden Bildfolgen oder einzelnen Bildern und interaktiven Videoszenen und/oder Bildfolgen unterhalb der vom menschlichen Auge wahrnehmbaren Reaktionszeit (Echtzeit), vorzugsweise in einem Simulator oder Schießstand, sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Duchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for controlling and influencing running image sequences or individual images and interactive video scenes and / or image sequences below the reaction time perceivable by the human eye (real time), preferably in a simulator or shooting range, and a device for performing the method.
Die polizeiliche und militärische Schießausbildung erfolgt üblicherweise in einem Schießstand mit Schutzwällen, wobei am Ende eines Schießplatzes ein Ziel in Form einer Scheibe oder eines stehenden Bildes aufgestellt ist. Nach jedem Einzelschuß oder einer Schußserie erfolgt die Auswertung und Mitteilung über die Anzahl der Treffer oder Fehlschüsse. Mit einer solchen Vorrichtung kann praktisch nur der Umgang mit der Waffe geübt werden, während die eigentlichen Schießübungen in Reaktion auf das Objekt von der Praxis, insbesondere der Polizeipraxis weit entfernt sind.The police and military shooting training usually takes place in a shooting range with protective walls, with a target in the form of a target or a standing picture being set up at the end of a shooting range. After each individual shot or a series of shots, the evaluation and notification of the number of hits or misses takes place. With such a device, practically only the handling of the weapon can be practiced, while the actual target practice in response to the object is far from practice, in particular police practice.
Zur Verbesserung der Ausbildung ist es ferner bekannt, Standbilder als Zielscheiben entlang einer Bann zu bewegen. Auch mit einer solchen Vorrichtung kann die Ausbildung der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit des Schützen nicht wesentlich verbessert werden, da die Bewegungsabläufe der Zielbilder gleichförmig und damit verhersehbar sind.To improve the training, it is also known to move still images as targets along a spell. Even with such a device, the formation of the shooter's reaction speed cannot be significantly improved, since the movement sequences of the target images are uniform and therefore predictable.
In einer Weiterentwicklung der Schießausbildung ist es bekannt, dem Schützen eine Ablaufszene vorzuspielen, auf die er zu reagieren hat. Die Szene kann nach einem abgefeuerten Schuß gestoppt und die Trefferquote ermittelt werden. Die Ablaufszene bleibt hierbei jedoch unverändert.In a further development of shooting training, it is known to play the shooter a sequence of events to which he has to react. The scene can be stopped after a shot is fired and the hit rate can be determined. The sequence scene remains unchanged.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde Mittel anzugeben, mit deren Hilfe die ablaufende Szene auf die Einwirkung des Schützen in einer Zeitspanne reagiert, welche der natürlichen Reaktionszeit und der Aufnahmefähigkeit des menschlichen Auges entspricht.The invention has for its object to provide means by means of which the running scene reacts to the action of the shooter in a period of time which is the natural Response time and the absorption capacity of the human eye corresponds.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht gemäß dem Verfahren nach der Erfindung darin, daß die Bilder, Bildfolgen oder Videoszenen lichtoptisch und/oder mechanisch beeinflußt werden und die hierdurch bewirkten Signale aufgenommen und mit Hilfe eines Rechners mit Datenkompressionshard- und Software in Echtzeit nach an sich bekannten JPEG- (Joint Photographik Expert Group) und MPEG- Motion Picture Expert Group) Verfahren zur Auslösung neuer oder geänderter Bilder, Bildfolgen oder Videoszenen verwendet werden, wobei ein Festplattenspeicher (HDD) als Abspiel- und Aufnahmegerät dient.This object is achieved according to the method according to the invention in that the images, image sequences or video scenes are influenced optically and / or mechanically and the signals caused thereby are recorded and in real time using a computer with data compression hardware and software according to known JPEG - (Joint Photographik Expert Group) and MPEG-Motion Picture Expert Group) are used to trigger new or changed images, image sequences or video scenes, whereby a hard disk memory (HDD) serves as a playback and recording device.
Nach der Erfindung wird eine Bildfolge oder Videoszene als primärer Hauptfilm von einer externen Videoquelle, Videorecorder oder Videodiskplayer rechnergesteuert abgespielt, und es werden sekundäre Alternativszenen, ausgelöst durch die lichtoptischen und/oder mechanischen Signale über das JPEG- oder MPEG-Verfahren von der Festplatte des Rechners oder PC-Rechners unter Verwendung eines Videoschalters und eines Laufwerksteuerungsinterface eingespielt. Hierdurch wird die auflaufende Scene nur aufgrund der Reaktion des Schützen entsprechend seiner Treffer oder Fehltreffer in Echtzeit geändert, wobei die jetzt automatische eingespielte Scene als "Reaktionsscene" vorbereitet ist und eingespielt wird, so daß der Eindruck einer echten Reaktion entsteht.According to the invention, an image sequence or video scene is played back as a primary main film from an external video source, video recorder or video disc player, and secondary alternative scenes are triggered by the light-optical and / or mechanical signals via the JPEG or MPEG method from the hard disk of the computer or PC computer imported using a video switch and a drive control interface. As a result, the accumulating scene is only changed in real time on the basis of the reaction of the shooter in accordance with his hits or missed hits, the scene which is now automatically recorded being prepared and recorded as a "reaction scene", so that the impression of a real reaction is created.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird der primäre Hauptfilm mit Hilfe eines CD-ROM Players über die digitalen Daten der CD-ROM als Wiedergabe/Aufnahmegerät abgespielt, welche bei Bedarf mit den auf dem Festspeicher oder Festplattenspeicher gespeicherten sekundären Reaktionsszenen gemischt und abgespielt werden.In a further development of the invention, the primary main film is played with the aid of a CD-ROM player via the digital data of the CD-ROM as a playback / recording device which, if necessary, is mixed and played with the secondary reaction scenes stored on the fixed memory or hard disk memory.
Anstelle eines Videorecorders kann gemäß der Erfindung auch ein Laserdiskplayer LVP/LD als Abspiel bzw. Aufnahmegerät verwendet werden.Instead of a video recorder, a laser disc player LVP / LD can also be used as a playback or recording device according to the invention.
Als Mittel zur lichtoptischen oder mechanischen Beeinflussung eines Bildes, einer Bildfolge oder einer Videoszene wird nach der Erfindung mindestens ein als Handfeuerwaffe ausgebildeter Apparat verwendet, welcher mit entsprechender Munition ladbar ausgebildet ist, wobei jede Handfeuerwaffe einen Sensor zur Registrierung eines abgefeuerten Schußes aufweist, welcher die aufgenommenen Signale mittels eines in der Handfeuerwaffe eingebauten Senders oder einer elektrischen Verbindungsleitung einem Empfänger überträgt, welcher mit dem Eingang des Rechners verbunden ist. Damit können mehrere Schützen auf die angebotene Scene reagieren, wobei durch den Sensor an jeder Handfeuerwaffe sehr genau der Zeitpunkt des Abfeuerns ermittelt und dem entsprechenden Einschuß elektronisch zugeordnet werden kann.According to the invention, at least one apparatus designed as a handgun is used as a means for optically or mechanically influencing an image, an image sequence or a video scene, which is designed to be loadable with the appropriate ammunition, each handgun having a sensor for registering a fired shot which detects the shot Signals transmitted by means of a transmitter built into the handgun or an electrical connecting line to a receiver which is connected to the input of the computer. This allows several shooters to react to the scene being offered, whereby the sensor on each handgun can determine the time of firing very precisely and can be electronically assigned to the corresponding bullet.
Jede Handfeuerwaffe kann in Weiterbildung der Erfindung als Lasergerät zur Aussendung von Laserblitzen ausgebildet sein und einen Sensor zur Registrierung und Signalübertragung des ausgesendeten Lichtblitzes an den Eingang des Rechners aufweisen.In a further development of the invention, each handgun can be designed as a laser device for emitting laser flashes and can have a sensor for registering and signaling the transmitted light flash to the input of the computer.
Da die Geschoßgeschwindigkeiten meßbar sind und damit festliegen, läßt sich der gleichzeitige Einsatz mehrerer Schützen nicht nur bei der Verwendung von Laserblitzen einsetzen, sondern auch bei der Verwendung üblicher ballistischer Geschosse.Since the projectile speeds can be measured and are therefore fixed, the simultaneous use of multiple shooters can be used not only when using laser flashes, but also when using conventional ballistic projectiles.
Die Bilder, Bildfolgen oder Videoszenen werden vorteilhaft auf einer Reflektionsfläche dargestellt, und die durch deren lichtoptische und/oder mechanische Beeinflußung durch die Handfeuerwaffen bewirkten Signale werden mittels einer Videokamera aufgenommen und die digitalen Signale dem Rechner zur Auswertung zugeführt.The images, image sequences or video scenes are advantageously displayed on a reflection surface, and the signals caused by their light-optical and / or mechanical influence by the handguns are recorded by means of a video camera and the digital signals are fed to the computer for evaluation.
Zur Sichtbarmachung eines Einschußes in die Reflektionsfläche ist es vorteilhaft hinter dieser einen Scheinwerfer anzuordnen, so daß das Einschußloch als Lichtfleck sichtbar ist und von der Videokamera aufgenommen werden kann. Durch Verwendung farbigen Lichts kann der Lichtfleck auch farbig dargestellt werden.To make a bullet visible in the reflection surface, it is advantageous to arrange a headlight behind it, so that the bullet hole is visible as a light spot and can be recorded by the video camera. By using colored light, the light spot can also be displayed in color.
In einer weiteren Abwandlung der Erfindung kann die Videokamera auch als Infrarotkamera ausgebildet sein und die Reflektionsfläche mit Infrarotlicht in nicht sichtbarer Weise von vorn bestrahlt werden.In a further modification of the invention, the video camera can also be designed as an infrared camera and the reflection surface can be irradiated with infrared light from the front in an invisible manner.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigen:
FIGUR 1- ein Schaltbild der Vorrichtung in schematischer Darstellung;
FIGUR 2- eine schematische Darstellung der Vorrichtung mit zwei Handfeuerwaffen, PC-Rechner und Projektionswand in funktioneller Verknüpfung, und
FIGUR 3- eine schematische Darstellung der Vorrichtung mit zwei Handfeuerwaffen, PC-Rechner und Standbild.
- FIGURE 1
- a circuit diagram of the device in a schematic representation;
- FIGURE 2
- a schematic representation of the device with two handguns, PC computer and projection screen in functional link, and
- FIGURE 3
- a schematic representation of the device with two handguns, PC computer and still image.
Wie anhand von Figur 1 zu entnehmen ist, spielt ein interaktives Videosystem (VR2) über einen durchgeschalteten Videoschalter (A) eine Szene über den Videoprojektor auf die Leinwand (G) ab.As can be seen from FIG. 1, an interactive video system (VR2) plays a scene via the video projector on the screen (G) via a video switch (A).
Nach Auftreffen eines Geschoßes, durchdringt dieses die Leinwand (G) und läßt das Licht, welches von Halogenscheinwerfern (H) erzeugt wird, durch das Schußloch austreten.After hitting a projectile, it penetrates the canvas (G) and lets the light, which is generated by halogen headlights (H), exit through the shot hole.
Wahlweise kann anstelle des Echtschußes auch ein Laser Verwendung finden, welcher direkt einen Lichtfleck projiziert, der dem Lichtschein des hinterleuchteten Schußloches gleichkommt.Alternatively, a laser can be used instead of the real shot, which projects a light spot directly, which is equivalent to the light of the backlit shot hole.
Die Aufnahmekamera (E) erkennt nun diesen Lichtfleck und gibt die Videoinformation an einen horizontal/vertikal Separator (F) ab, welcher diese Information dem Rechner (D) zuführt.The recording camera (E) now recognizes this light spot and emits the video information to a horizontal / vertical separator (F), which feeds this information to the computer (D).
Der Rechner (D) der auch als PC ausgebildet sein kann, vergleicht nun die angelieferte horizontal/vertikal Information mit der zur Bildnummer programmierten Maske und stellt fest, ob die Zeilen und Spalten der Computermaske, welche auf dem Festplattenspeicher (HDD) den entsprechenden Bildern zugeordnet sind, mit der horizontalen/vertikalen Position bzw. den Koordinaten des Schußloches oder des Laserleuchtfleckes übereinstimmt. Dabei wird eine Übereinstimmung als Treffer, eine Nichtübereinstimmung als Fehlschuß gewertet.The computer (D), which can also be designed as a PC, now compares the supplied horizontal / vertical information with the mask programmed for the image number and determines whether the rows and columns of the computer mask which are assigned to the corresponding images on the hard disk memory (HDD) are with the horizontal / vertical position or the coordinates of the shot hole or the laser light spot. A match is scored as a hit, a mismatch as a miss.
Bei einer Auswertung als Treffer, bei der die Horizontal- und Vertikalkoordinaten des Schußloches mit der Maske übereinstimmt, steuert der Rechner (D) über das Laufwerkinterface (B) den Videorekorder (VR3) an, und schaltet gleichzeitig dessen Videosignal im Videoschaltmodus durch.In the event of an evaluation as a hit, in which the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the shot hole match the mask, the computer (D) controls the video recorder (VR3) via the drive interface (B) and simultaneously switches its video signal through in video switching mode.
Durch die Laufwerkssteuerung (B) befand sich dieser bereits in der Pausenstellung und wurde über die Software bereits kurz vor Erreichen der Entscheidungssequenz in Wartestellung gebracht.The drive control (B) was already in the pause position and was put on hold via the software shortly before the decision sequence was reached.
Da das vom Videorekorder (VR2) ausgehende Videosignal auf den Videorekorder (VR3) umgeschaltet wurde und der Videorekorder (VR3) sich kurz vor der Umschaltung in Pausenstellung befand, entsteht nun der Eindruck einer Reaktion des Bildes bzw. der Szene, da die Umschaltung für das menschliche Auge nicht sichtbar ist.Since the video signal from the video recorder (VR2) was switched to the video recorder (VR3) and the video recorder (VR3) was in the pause position shortly before the switchover, the impression of a reaction of the image or the scene now arises, since the switchover for the human eye is not visible.
Der Videorekorder (VR3) setzt nun die Projektion mit der Trefferszene fort, beispielsweise in dem eine vorbereitete Scene abgespielt wird, bei der das Zielobjekt getroffen umfällt. In dieser Zeit befindet sich der Videorekorder (VR2) bereits im schnellen Vorlauf zum Beginn der nächsten Szene um dort bereits in Pausenstellung auf die Rückschaltung (VR3) auf (VR2) in Pausenstellung zu warten.The video recorder (VR3) now continues the projection with the hit scene, for example in the one prepared Scene is played where the target object falls over. During this time, the video recorder (VR2) is already fast forward to the beginning of the next scene in order to wait for the switch back (VR3) to (VR2) in the pause position.
Bei einem Nichttreffer, bei dem die Horizontal- und Vertikalkoordinaten H/V nicht mit Maske übereinstimmen, wird nun von dem Videorekorder (VR2) auf den Videorekorder (VR1) umgeschaltet, welcher damit die Szene Nichttreffer, beispielsweise das Zielobjekt schießt zurück, abspielt. Nach erfolgter Projektion des Videorekorders (VR1) wird wieder auf den bereits in Pausenstellung befindlichen Videorekorder (VR2) umgeschaltet, welcher dann die Projektion fortsetzt.In the event of a miss, in which the horizontal and vertical coordinates H / V do not match the mask, the video recorder (VR2) is now switched to the video recorder (VR1), which thus plays back the scene of a hit, for example the target object shoots back. After the projection of the video recorder (VR1) has been carried out, the system switches back to the video recorder (VR2) already in the pause position, which then continues the projection.
Dieses erläuterte Verfahren läßt sich unter Verwendung einer größeren Anzahl Videorecorder erweitern und die Scenen entsprechend ausgestalten.This method can be expanded using a larger number of video recorders and the scenes can be designed accordingly.
Das Erzeugen von interaktiven Sequenzen unter Verwendung von von "n" Videorecordern vornehmlich für die Schießstandsimulation, gestaltet sich damit wie folgt.The creation of interactive sequences using "n" video recorders primarily for shooting range simulation is thus as follows.
Über den Eingang des Rechners werden Videobilder bzw. Videofilme digital zerlegt und in "Echtzeit" (25 Bilder/sec) durch eine Kompressionshardware bzw. eine Rechnersteckkarte auf die Festplatte geladen.Via the input of the computer, video images or video films are digitally broken down and loaded in "real time" (25 images / sec) by compression hardware or a computer plug-in card onto the hard disk.
Die im Rechner bzw. bereits installierte Software steuert nun den Gesamtablauf, der wie folgt abläuft:
Bei Betätigung der Starttaste läuft der zuvor über Eingang des Rechners eingegebene Film über die Dekomprimierungshardware und einen VGA/TV Konverter über den Videoprojektor ab. Der Videoprojektor projiziert den Film auf die Leinwand, vor der der Schütze steht.The software installed in the computer or already installed controls the overall process, which proceeds as follows:
When the start button is pressed, the film previously input via the computer runs through the decompression hardware and a VGA / TV converter via the video projector. The video projector projects the film onto the screen in front of which the shooter is standing.
Der Schütze schießt nun auf das auf der Leinwand erscheinende Zielobjekt, das Geschoß durchdringt die Leinwand und gibt am Durchschoßloch das rückseitige Licht, erzeugt durch Schweinwerfer H, frei.The shooter now shoots at the target object appearing on the screen, the projectile penetrates the screen and releases the back light at the shot hole, generated by headlights H.
Die Schußaufnahmekamera (C1) erkennt nun den Lichtfleck, der wahlweise auch durch ein Lasergerät erzeugt sein kann, welcher einen gleichartigen Lichtfleck erzeugt, und führt diese Information dem Kamera-A/D-Wandler zu. Hier wird nun die Position des Lichtfleckes in horizontale Zeilen und vertikale Spalten zerlegt.The shot recording camera (C1) now recognizes the light spot, which can optionally also be generated by a laser device, which generates a similar light spot, and supplies this information to the camera A / D converter. Here the position of the light spot is broken down into horizontal lines and vertical columns.
Diese Information wird dann mit dem Pixelraster des Bildschirmhalters verglichen, und die entsprechenden Pixels werden festgelegt. Diese Pixels werden nun mit den Pixeln der zum Bild gehörigen Treffermaske verglichen und bei Übereinstimmung als Treffer gewertet.This information is then compared to the pixel grid of the screen holder and the corresponding pixels are determined. These pixels are now compared with the pixels of the hit mask belonging to the image and, if they match, are evaluated as hits.
Bei der Treffermaske handelt es sich um eine Anzahl von Pixels, welche in Lage und Position dem Zielobjekt eines Videobildes entsprechen und welche dem jeweiligen Videobild direkt zugeordnet sind.The hit mask is a number of pixels which correspond in position and position to the target object of a video image and which are directly assigned to the respective video image.
Alle anderen Pixels, die sich außerhalb der Treffermaske befinden, werden bei einer Übereinstimmung mit den Lichtfleckpixels als Nichttreffer gewertet.All other pixels that are outside the hit mask are counted as non-hits if they match the light spot pixels.
Der Schütze trifft das Zielobjekt auf der Leinwand, die Schußaufnahmekamera erkennt den Lichtfleck und gibt die Spalten und Zeilendaten an die Maskenvergleichssoftware weiter. Diese entscheidet nun, ob der Lichtfleck mit den vorprogrammierten Pixels für Treffer übereinstimmen.The shooter hits the target object on the screen, the shot camera recognizes the light spot and passes the columns and line data on to the mask comparison software. This now decides whether the light spot matches the pre-programmed pixels for hits.
Nun wird das Festplattenlaufwerk dahingehend angesteuert, daß vom primären Hauptfilm auf die Ausweichszene "Treffer" gesprungen wird.Now the hard disk drive is controlled in such a way that the primary main film jumps to the alternative scene “hits”.
Da jedes Videobild seine eigene Adresse besitzt, ist dies bildgenau in "Echtzeit", wie oben definiert, möglich.Since each video image has its own address, this can be done precisely in "real time" as defined above.
Auf der Leinwand wird nun die Szene "Treffer" abgespielt, beispielsweise das Zielobjekt bricht getroffen zusammen, welche von der Festplatte über die Dekomprimierungshardware an den Videoprojektor weitergegeben wurde.The scene "hit" is now played on the screen, for example the target object collapses, which was passed on from the hard disk to the video projector via the decompression hardware.
Da nun die Spur/Spur Suchzeit nur ca. 5 ms beträgt und bei Verwendung eines Cachecontrollers sich auf 0,3 ms reduzieren läßt, für ein Halbbild jedoch 20 ms zur Verfügung stehen, ist der Bild/Szenensprung für das menschliche Auge nicht sichtbar, und es entsteht der Eindruck, als habe der Film bzw. die Projektion direkt auf das Eingreifen des Schützen reagiert. Diese Funktion wird als interaktive Funktion definiert.Since the track / track search time is only approx. 5 ms and can be reduced to 0.3 ms when using a cache controller, but 20 ms are available for a field, the picture / scene jump is not visible to the human eye, and it gives the impression that the film or the projection has reacted directly to the shooter's intervention. This function is defined as an interactive function.
Trifft der Schütze das Zielobjekt nicht, ist der Funktionsablauf generell mit dem Funktionsablaufs "Treffer" identisch, bis auf die Reaktion der Maskenvergleichssoftware, welche nun die Szene "Nichttreffer" adressiert und abruft.If the shooter does not hit the target object, the function sequence is generally identical to the function sequence "hit", except for the reaction of the mask comparison software, which now addresses and calls up the scene "no hit".
Hierbei wird die Szene Nichttreffer über die Dekompressionshardware und den Videoprojektor abgespielt.Here, the scene hit is played via the decompression hardware and the video projector.
Da auch hier die Bildzugriffszeit im Bereich von 5 ms bzw. 0,3 ms bei Verwendung eines Cachecontrolles liegt, ist wiederum der Bild/Szenensprung für das menschliche Auge nicht sichtbar, und es entsteht der unter der Funktion "Treffer" bereits beschriebene Effekt.Since the image access time is in the range of 5 ms or 0.3 ms when using a cache control, the image / scene jump is again not visible to the human eye, and the effect already described under the "hit" function occurs.
Reagiert der Schütze überhaupt nicht, spielt die Festplatte den Film über die Dekompressionshardware kontinuierlich ab, und das Zielobjekt verhält sich passiv, da nur bei einer Reaktion des Schützen über die Aktivierung der Schußaufnahmekamera in die entsprechenden Reaktionsszenen Treffer/Nichttreffer gesprungen wird.If the shooter does not respond at all, the hard disk plays the film continuously via the decompression hardware, and the target object behaves passively, since only when the shooter reacts by activating the shot-recording camera, hits / no-hits are jumped into the corresponding reaction scenes.
Bisher war es noch nicht möglich, Videobilder oder ganze Szenen in "Echtzeit" in vertretbarem bzw. wirtschaftlichem Aufwand auf eine Festplatte abzuspeichern; dies wird anhand einer Überschlagsrechnung verdeutlicht:
Dieses Problem ist nunmehr unter Verwendung einer von der Anmelderin entwickelten Komprimierungskarte gelöst.This problem has now been solved using a compression card developed by the applicant.
Die Figur 2 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung der Vorrichtung mit zwei Handfeuerwaffen W1 und Wn, einem PC-Rechner PC und einer Projektionswand Z in funktioneller Verknüpfung. Die Schaltung entspricht der Darstellung nach Figur 1. Mit der Bezeichnung Wn für die zweite Handfeuerwaffe ist angedeutet, daß die Anzahl der Handfeuerwaffen noch wesentlich höher sein kann. Jede Handfeuerwaffe ist mit einem Sensor ausgerüstet, der den Zeitpunkt des Schusses registriert und das sich ergebende Signal einem Sender zuführt, der das Signal dem Empfänger R zuleitet. Das Signal kann auch über eine elektrische Leitung zum Rechner geführt werden. Die von den Handfeuerwaffen W1 und Wn bewirkten und von den Sensoren S1 und Sn aufgenommenen Signale werden dem Rechner PC zugeführt, der unmittelbar danach die Signale der Videokamera C1 über die Schußergebnisse erhält, welche im Rechner ausgewertet werden und der danach die Scenen ansteuert, die sich aus der Trefferauswertung, wie oben beschrieben, ergeben.FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the device with two handguns W1 and Wn, a PC computer PC and a projection screen Z in a functional connection. The circuit corresponds to the representation according to FIG. 1. The designation Wn for the second handgun indicates that the number of handguns can be significantly higher. Every handgun is equipped with a sensor, which registers the time of the shot and feeds the resulting signal to a transmitter which forwards the signal to the receiver R. The signal can also be routed to the computer via an electrical line. The signals caused by the handguns W1 and Wn and recorded by the sensors S1 and Sn are fed to the computer PC, which immediately receives the signals from the video camera C1 via the shot results, which are evaluated in the computer and which then controls the scenes that are triggered from the hit evaluation, as described above.
Die Figur 3 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung der Vorrichtung mit zwei Handfeuerwaffen W1, Wn, einem PC-Rechner PC und einem Standbild T als vereinfachte Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Die Handfeuerwaffen können hierbei als ballistische Waffen oder auch mit einer Laservorrichtung ausgerüstet sein. Ihre Anzahl kann erheblich größer als zwei sein. Das Standbild T kann mit Sensoren ausgerüstet sein, welche auf mechanische Erschütterungen reagieren, wenn nämlich ein Geschoß das Standbild getroffen hat. Für den Empfang und die Lokalisierung von Laserblitzen auf dem Standbild lassen sich eine Reihe von Sensoren anordnen, welche jeweils einen bestimmten Bereich auf dem Bild erfassen, so daß auch hierbei die Trefferqualität ermittelt und dem Rechner PC zugeführt werden kann, welche eine Reaktion auf dem Standbild auslöst.FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the device with two handguns W1, Wn, a PC computer PC and a still picture T as a simplified embodiment of the invention. The handguns can be equipped as ballistic weapons or with a laser device. Their number can be considerably larger than two. The still picture T can be equipped with sensors which react to mechanical shocks, namely when a projectile has hit the still picture. For the reception and localization of laser flashes on the still image, a number of sensors can be arranged, each of which detects a specific area on the image, so that the hit quality can also be determined and fed to the computer PC, which reacts to the still image triggers.
Claims (9)
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DE4311091 | 1993-04-03 | ||
DE4311091 | 1993-04-03 |
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EP94105129A Withdrawn EP0623799A1 (en) | 1993-04-03 | 1994-03-31 | Interactive video system |
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DE4411261C2 (en) | 1998-07-02 |
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