EP0622164B1 - Device for treating solid, liquid or gasous matters - Google Patents
Device for treating solid, liquid or gasous matters Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0622164B1 EP0622164B1 EP94890073A EP94890073A EP0622164B1 EP 0622164 B1 EP0622164 B1 EP 0622164B1 EP 94890073 A EP94890073 A EP 94890073A EP 94890073 A EP94890073 A EP 94890073A EP 0622164 B1 EP0622164 B1 EP 0622164B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shovels
- rows
- activator
- liquid
- beater
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
- B28C5/0881—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing having a stator-rotor system with intermeshing teeth or cages
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/40—Mixers with rotor-rotor system, e.g. with intermeshing teeth
- B01F27/41—Mixers with rotor-rotor system, e.g. with intermeshing teeth with the mutually rotating surfaces facing each other
- B01F27/411—Mixers with rotor-rotor system, e.g. with intermeshing teeth with the mutually rotating surfaces facing each other provided with intermeshing elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for the treatment of solid, liquid and / or gaseous substances according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a device is known from GB-A-1 101 981 and is used there for the production of curable compositions, in particular of building materials such as concrete, mortar and the like, where Binder, aggregate and liquid, preferably Water, simultaneously or as a batch in the activator with coaxial arranged opposing rows of blades, the particles of material in the activator from the inside out moved and crossing the rotating rows of outer blades be excited with increasing amplitude. Between two narrow rows of blades is a wide row of blades arranged, which has the consequence that the excitation frequency for a particle migrating outwards from the center fluctuates.
- the impact blades used here have circular, Triangular or rectangular cross-section and have the disadvantage on them - especially when using highly erosive media - Subject to relatively high wear, because between the Blade surface and the moving particles high relative speeds of more than 200 m / s occur. At At these high speeds, there is no protective layer between the blade surface and the one on the impact blade form hurled particles.
- Hardenable compositions of the type mentioned usually consist of a binder, from aggregates and from a liquid, in general water. In the case of concrete it is with the binder around cement. Sand is used as an aggregate used, however, partially or completely by Substitutes, such as ground rubble, are replaced can.
- a disintegrator is known from EP-A-48 012, which can be used for the production of concrete. Through this known Disintegrator can with the same strength Cement portion of the concrete can be reduced.
- AT-B-395 295 was an activator for mixing, crushing or the like.
- the work tools run essentially radially from the inner edge to the outer edge of the respective ring washers, the spaces between the washers are sealed.
- sealing elements for. B. flexible Plates or broom elements, at the radially inner end of the work tools arranged.
- the size of the disc diameter and their widths, as well as the number of work tools per Disc and speed of rotation must be dependent be coordinated accordingly from the respective application.
- Coal slurries are slurries of coal dust in Water and / or oil. Such slurries would be very suitable Transport coal in pipelines.
- the sedimentation effects mentioned above however, prevent permanent provision such mixtures with a sufficiently high carbon content.
- DE-A-32 20 328 is a disintegrator gas scrubber known, with the gases simultaneously with a washing liquid undergo mechanical treatment.
- the disintegrator is based on a rotor / stator principle built up, that is, fixed and rotating alternate Row of blades off.
- the object of the invention is the extent of the activation that can be achieved of the particles and thus the performance of the device as well as increasing the quality of the manufactured products without deteriorate the life of the device.
- the individual particles are moving at speeds of more than 200 m / s against the blades and mainly hurled against each other and strong impacts exposed. Further investigations have shown that the individual Obtain particles between three and ten collisions. By these impacts occur with solid media in addition to shredding the grains to defects in the crystal lattice and macroscopic Defects that result in an increase in surface area to have. Furthermore, an improved binding of the liquid and solid components of the mixture reached.
- the impact blades are concave and preferably from at least two substantially flat and there are angled plates.
- the form is subject to a requirement during operation processing medium on the blades. This edition renewed is constantly protected and protected by the impact of particles the blades themselves largely from erosion and wear.
- a better radial mass transfer is achieved in that between two adjacent flapping blades of the outermost Blade row a fan blade is arranged. Furthermore, it is advantageous if at the outer end of each beater blade the outermost row of blades on the in the direction of rotation side of the rotor, preferably at a right angle the impact blade connects to a fan blade.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a method of treatment of several components having solid, liquid or gaseous substances with a device according to the invention to propose.
- the particles of Fabrics when crossing the outside by at least their width 2%, preferably at least 5% and at most 10% decreasing rows of blades excited with increasing frequency will.
- This method according to the invention has proven particularly useful in the production of coal dust suspensions, in which as Starting materials water and / or oil and coal dust are used will. Such suspensions are possible with the invention to produce with a high solids content that lasts for a long time Periods are stable.
- the speed of the rows of blades is between 950 and 2800 rpm. This allows suspensions with special produce a high solids content.
- This method according to the invention is for various cleaning processes suitable. So a liquid medium, like water or milk of lime, before introducing the gas into the activator be injected into the gas. However, it is also possible to inject such a medium directly into the activator.
- the invention also encompasses dry processes, such as. the task of finely ground dolomite.
- the cleaning medium before the injection Solids be one or more of the cleaning medium before the injection Solids added.
- the cleaning medium before the injection Solids When entering the activator you can these solids in dissolved form or as suspended particles available. Is it about cleaning the Gases around a desulfurization process, as is the case with flue gases is often required, the serving as a carrier medium Lime, dolomite or the like are added. In the activator then in addition to an intimate mixture of all components also an activation and thus an almost complete one Implementation.
- This process is characterized by its particularly high separation performance out.
- the suction fan can also be used in power plants omitted.
- the speed of the Bucket rows is between 900 and 3500 1 / min.
- Figure 1 an inventive Activator partly in section; the figure 2 a section along line II / II of Fig.1; 3 shows a variant the blade shape and the Fig.4 another embodiment from that.
- the activator shown in Fig. 1 and 2 consists of two opposing directions moving rotors 1 and 2, whose direction of rotation with the Arrows A and B are indicated. For the sake of simplicity the housing with central inlet and peripheral outlet omitted.
- Get the processing of the goods to be treated three concentrically arranged rings 3, 4, 5 of impact blades 6.
- At least that Impact blades 6 of the outer ring 5 are concave, e.g. angled.
- the base level 7 of this blade is below made an angle ⁇ , as in Fig. 2 he is recognizable from one at the leading edge of the blade Plane 7 extending in the circumferential direction to the tangential plane 7 ' is measured.
- the two inner rings 3 and 4 are concave Buckets 6 equipped, which consist of two substantially planes Plates 6 'and 6' 'exist.
- This Edition which is designated with 11, is renewed by the Impact of particles continuously and protects the blades 6 even largely against erosion and wear.
- the flapping blades are the angled part 6 'or 6' 'shorter than the remaining part 6 '' 'and is preferably the Half or less of the total length of the blades.
- the angled end pieces 6 ', 6 '' can be on both ends of the part 6 '' 'or only on one End of the same, in the present case preferably on the trailing side Be provided at the end. They are expediently made of hard metal manufactured or occupied and can be replaced to be appropriate. However, it is also made from ceramic or plastic possible. Finally, there is also the possibility the outer edges of the Parts 6 ', 6' 'to be covered with protective strips 10.
- fan blades 8 can have any shape and for example as Plate, fingers or the like. Are formed. You have the task the flow of the material to be treated from the inside out secure and also on the rotor axis facing Surface of the striking tools a protective layer from the form treating material, no matter how large the angle of attack ⁇ is. This can be used for certain work 15 ° while lying about it for other work, for example 20 to 35 °, may be more advantageous.
- FIG. 3 shows schematically a section from three successive rings of the activator according to the invention. It is essential that the widths b 1 , b 2 and b 3 of the rings continuously decrease towards the outside by at least 2-5%. However, the maximum width should decrease by 10%. This means: 0.9 b 1 ⁇ b 2nd ⁇ 0.98 b 1 0.9 b 2nd ⁇ b 3rd ⁇ 0.98 b 2nd .
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von festen, flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Stoffen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a device for the treatment of solid, liquid and / or gaseous substances according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist aus der GB-A-1 101 981 bekannt und dient dort zur Herstellung von erhärtbaren Massen, insbesondere von Baumaterialien wie Beton, Mörtel und dgl., wobei Bindemittel, Zuschlagstoff und Flüssigkeit, vorzugsweise Wasser, gleichzeitig oder als Gemenge in den Aktivator mit koaxial angeordneten gegenläufigen Schaufelreihen eingeführt, die Teilchen des Materials im Aktivator von innen nach außen bewegt und unter Queren der rotierenden äußeren Schaufelreihen mit zunehmender Amplitude angeregt werden. Zwischen zwei schmalen Schaufelreihen ist dabei jeweils eine breite Schaufelreihe angeordnet, was zur Folge hat, daß die Anregungsfrequenz für ein vom Zentrum nach außen wanderndes Teilchen schwankt. Die dabei verwendeten Schlagschaufeln haben Kreis-, Dreiecks- oder Rechtecksquerschnitt und weisen den Nachteil auf, daß sie - besonders bei Verwendung von stark erosiven Medien - relativ hohem Verschleiß unterliegen, da zwischen der Schaufeloberfläche und den sich bewegenden Teilchen große Relativgeschwindigkeiten von mehr als 200 m/s auftreten. Bei diesen hohen Geschwindigkeiten kann sich keine Schutzschicht zwischen der Schaufeloberfläche und den auf die Schlagschaufel geschleuderten Teilchen ausbilden.Such a device is known from GB-A-1 101 981 and is used there for the production of curable compositions, in particular of building materials such as concrete, mortar and the like, where Binder, aggregate and liquid, preferably Water, simultaneously or as a batch in the activator with coaxial arranged opposing rows of blades, the particles of material in the activator from the inside out moved and crossing the rotating rows of outer blades be excited with increasing amplitude. Between two narrow rows of blades is a wide row of blades arranged, which has the consequence that the excitation frequency for a particle migrating outwards from the center fluctuates. The impact blades used here have circular, Triangular or rectangular cross-section and have the disadvantage on them - especially when using highly erosive media - Subject to relatively high wear, because between the Blade surface and the moving particles high relative speeds of more than 200 m / s occur. At At these high speeds, there is no protective layer between the blade surface and the one on the impact blade form hurled particles.
Erhärtbare Massen der genannten Art bestehen üblicherweise aus einem Bindemittel, aus Zuschlagsstoffen und aus einer Flüssigkeit, im allgemeinen Wasser. Im Fall von Beton handelt es sich bei dem Bindemittel um Zement. Als Zuschlagsstoff wird Sand eingesetzt, der jedoch teilweise oder vollständig durch Ersatzstoffe, wie etwa gemahlenen Bauschutt, ersetzt werden kann.Hardenable compositions of the type mentioned usually consist of a binder, from aggregates and from a liquid, in general water. In the case of concrete it is with the binder around cement. Sand is used as an aggregate used, however, partially or completely by Substitutes, such as ground rubble, are replaced can.
Aus der US-A 3,331,905 ist ein Verfahren zur Behandlung von körnigem Material bekannt, mit dem Bauteile erhöhter Festigkeit herstellbar sind. Die dabei eingesetzten Ausgangsmaterialien werden in einem Desintegrator aktiviert, wodurch sich eine Veränderung des Korngrößenspektrums und der spezifischen Oberfläche der Teilchen ergibt. Es wird in diesem Vorhalt gezeigt, daß dieser Prozeß der Aktivierung im Desintegrator die Festigkeit von so hergestellten Beton oder dgl. erhöht, wenn man sie mit der Festigkeit von Beton vergleicht, der aus nicht aktiviertem Material hergestellt ist.From US-A 3,331,905 a method for the treatment of granular material known, with the components of increased strength are producible. The starting materials used are activated in a disintegrator, whereby a change in the grain size spectrum and the specific Surface of the particles results. It is in this lead shown that this process of activation in the disintegrator increases the strength of concrete or the like produced in this way, if you compare it to the strength of concrete, which is made of non-activated material.
Weiters ist aus der EP-A-48 012 ein Desintegrator bekannt, der zur Herstellung von Beton einsetzbar ist. Durch diesen bekannten Desintegrator kann bei gleichbleibender Festigkeit der Zementanteil des Betons veringert werden.Furthermore, a disintegrator is known from EP-A-48 012, which can be used for the production of concrete. Through this known Disintegrator can with the same strength Cement portion of the concrete can be reduced.
Durch die AT-B-395 295 wurde ein Aktivator zum Mischen, Zerkleinern oder dgl. bekannt, der vorzugsweise zum Aktivieren von Materialien dient, und mindestens zwei gegensinnig laufende Rotore aufweist, die in konzentrischen Kreisen angeordnete Schlag- bzw. Arbeitswerkzeuge, z.B. Platten oder Schaufeln, aufweisen, die beidseitig an Ringscheiben der Rotore befestigt sind. Dabei verlaufen die Arbeitswerkzeuge im wesentlichen radial vom Innenrand zum Außenrand der jeweiligen Ringscheiben, wobei die Zwischenräume zwischen den Ringscheiben abgedichtet sind. Dazu sind Dichtelemente, z. B. flexible Platten oder Besenelemente, am radial inneren Ende der Arbeitswerkzeuge angeordnet. Die Größe der Scheibendurchmesser und deren Breiten, sowie die Anzahl der Arbeitswerkzeuge pro Scheibe und die Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeiten muß in Abhängigkeit vom jeweiligen Einsatz entsprechend abgestimmt werden.By AT-B-395 295 was an activator for mixing, crushing or the like. Known, preferably for activation of materials, and at least two counter-rotating Rotors has arranged in concentric circles Striking or working tools, e.g. Plates or blades, have, which are attached on both sides to ring discs of the rotors are. The work tools run essentially radially from the inner edge to the outer edge of the respective ring washers, the spaces between the washers are sealed. For this purpose, sealing elements, for. B. flexible Plates or broom elements, at the radially inner end of the work tools arranged. The size of the disc diameter and their widths, as well as the number of work tools per Disc and speed of rotation must be dependent be coordinated accordingly from the respective application.
Es ist in vielen Bereichen der Technik erwünscht mehrphasige Medien herzustellen, die geringe Sedimentationseffekte oder eine kleine Entmischungsneigung zeigen. Bei einer Mischung zweier nicht löslicher Flüssigkeiten, also Emulsionen oder Flüssigkeiten mit darin enthaltenen, nicht löslichen Feststoffen, also Suspensionen, kommt es, bedingt durch unterschiedliche Dichte, im Zeitablauf zu einer Trennung der Komponenten.It is desirable in many areas of technology to be multi-phase Manufacture media that have low sedimentation effects or show a slight tendency to separate. With a mixture two insoluble liquids, i.e. emulsions or Liquids with insoluble solids contained therein, so suspensions, it comes due to different Density, over time to a separation of the components.
In vielen Fällen ist dies unerwünscht, wie zum Beispiel bei Kohlenslurries, das sind Aufschlemmungen von Kohlenstaub in Wasser und/oder Öl. Solche Slurries wären sehr gut geeignet, Kohle in Pipelines zu transportieren. Die oben erwähnten Sedimentationseffekte verhindern jedoch eine dauerhafte Bereitstellung solcher Gemische mit ausreichend hohem Kohlengehalt. In many cases, this is undesirable, such as in Coal slurries are slurries of coal dust in Water and / or oil. Such slurries would be very suitable Transport coal in pipelines. The sedimentation effects mentioned above however, prevent permanent provision such mixtures with a sufficiently high carbon content.
Insbesonders bei der Reinigung von Abgasen ist es erforderlich, Schadstoffe, die in geringer Menge in einem Gas vorhanden sind, abzuscheiden. Bei der Entschwefelung von Rauchgasen werden dazu etwa Sprühkolonnen eingesetzt, bei dem das zu reinigende Gas durch einen Sprühnebel von Wasser, das gegebenenfalls mit bestimmten Zusätzen, wie zum Beispiel Kalk angereichert ist, geleitet wird. Zur Erzielung einer hinreichenden Wahrscheinlichkeit des Kontakts jedes Schadstoffteilchens mit dem Medium sind bei dieser Bauweise relativ große Anlagen erforderlich.Especially when cleaning exhaust gases, it is necessary Pollutants in small amounts in a gas are present to deposit. When desulfurizing Flue gases are used, for example, in spray columns in which the gas to be cleaned by a spray of water, the if necessary with certain additives, such as lime is enriched, is directed. To achieve sufficient Probability of contact of each pollutant particle with the medium are relatively large with this design Attachments required.
Aus der DE-A-33 32 209 ist ein Gasreinigungsverfahren bekannt, bei dem das Gas in an sich bekannter Weise in einer Sprühkolonne in Kontakt mit einer Waschflüssigkeit ausgesetzt wird. Die Waschflüssigkeit wird zuvor in einem Desintegrator behandelt. Durch diese Behandlung wird eine erhöhte Reaktion des Reinigungsmittels erreicht, die auf die Aktivierung im Desintegrator zurückgeht.From DE-A-33 32 209 a gas cleaning process is known in which the gas in a manner known per se in a spray column exposed to washing liquid. The washing liquid is previously treated in a disintegrator. This treatment increases the reaction of the Detergent reached on activation in the disintegrator goes back.
Weiters ist aus der DE-A- 32 20 328 ein Desintegrator-Gaswäscher bekannt, bei dem Gase gleichzeitig mit einer Waschflüssigkeit einer mechanischen Behandlung unterzogen werden. Der Desintegrator ist dabei nach einem Rotor/Statorprinzip aufgebaut, das heißt, es wechseln feststehende mit rotierenden Schaufelreihen ab.Furthermore, DE-A-32 20 328 is a disintegrator gas scrubber known, with the gases simultaneously with a washing liquid undergo mechanical treatment. The disintegrator is based on a rotor / stator principle built up, that is, fixed and rotating alternate Row of blades off.
Unabhängig vom Aggregatzustand des zu behandelnden Mediums - gasförmig, flüssig oder fest - hängt die Leistung der Vorrichtung, sowie die Qualität des mit der Vorrichtung hergestellten Produktes vom Ausmaß der erzielbaren Aktivierung der Teilchen des Stoffes ab.Regardless of the physical state of the medium to be treated - gaseous, liquid or solid - depends on the performance of the device, as well as the quality of the manufactured with the device Product of the extent of the activation of the particles that can be achieved of the substance.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, das Ausmaß der erzielbaren Aktivierung der Teilchen und damit die Leistung der Vorrichtung sowie die Qualität der hergestellten Produkte zu erhöhen ohne die Standzeit der Vorrichtung zu verschlechtern.The object of the invention is the extent of the activation that can be achieved of the particles and thus the performance of the device as well as increasing the quality of the manufactured products without deteriorate the life of the device.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1 erreicht.According to the invention, this is due to the characteristic features of claim 1 achieved.
In überraschender Weise wurde erkannt, daß sich die Stabilität des aktivierten Mediums bedeutend erhöht, wenn sich die Breite der Schaufelreihen um das genannte relativ geringe Ausmaß nach außen hin verringert. It was surprisingly recognized that the stability of the activated medium increases significantly when the width the rows of blades by the aforementioned relatively small extent reduced on the outside.
Die Relativgeschwindigkeit zweier benachbarter Schaufelreihen wird nach außen hin laufend größer. Dies ist eine selbstverständliche Tatsache, die aus dem nach außen hin größer werdenden Durchmesser der Schaufelreihen folgt. Faßt man daher den Weg eines Teilchens durch den Aktivator als Schwingung auf, so wird, bedingt durch diese geometrischen Verhältnisse, die Amplitude kontinuierlich zunehmen. Wenn jedoch die Schaufelreihen nach außen hin immer schmäler werden, wie dies im Sinne der Erfindung vorgeschlagen ist, so ist auch eine zunehmende Erhöhung der Frequenz festzustellen. Dies ermöglicht eine weit höhere intensivere Aktivierung der Teilchen als durch bloße Amplitudenerhöhung erzielbar ist. Bei Feststoffen dürfte dieser Effekt besonders auf die Korngrößenverteilung des Materials einen Einfluß haben. Aber auch die geometrische Form der Teilchen sowie die spezifische Oberfläche wird auf diese Weise beeinflußt.The relative speed of two adjacent rows of blades is getting bigger on the outside. This is a matter of course Fact that is growing from the outside The diameter of the rows of blades follows. So if you take that Path of a particle through the activator as a vibration, so becomes, due to these geometric relationships, the amplitude increase continuously. However, if the rows of blades outwardly getting narrower, like this in According to the invention, there is also an increasing one Increase in frequency. this makes possible a far higher intensive activation of the particles than can be achieved by simply increasing the amplitude. For solids this effect is particularly likely to affect the grain size distribution of the material have an influence. But also the geometric The shape of the particles as well as the specific surface area is based on affected this way.
Versuche zeigten, daß nicht nur bei Behandlung von festen, sondern auch bei flüssigen und gasförmigen Medien eine weit höhere Aktivierung der Teilchen erzielbar ist. So hat sich herausgestellt, daß die Stabilität von Emulsionen oder Suspensionen und damit deren Lagerfähigkeit wesentlich erhöht werden kann. Wird die erfindungsgemäß verbesserte Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Gasen, insbesondere zur Reinigung von Abgasen eingesetzt, so ist eine viel höhere Abscheideleistung zu erzielen.Tests have shown that not only when treating solid, but also a great deal with liquid and gaseous media higher activation of the particles can be achieved. So it turned out found that the stability of emulsions or suspensions and thus their shelf life can be increased significantly can. Will the treatment device improved according to the invention of gases, in particular for cleaning exhaust gases used, so a much higher separation performance can be achieved.
Im Aktivator werden die einzelnen Teilchen mit Geschwindigkeiten von mehr als 200 m/s gegen die Schaufeln und vor allem gegeneinander geschleudert und dabei starken Stößen ausgesetzt. Nähere Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, daß die einzelnen Teilchen zwischen drei und zehn Stöße erhalten. Durch diese Stöße kommt es bei festen Medien neben einer Zerkleinerung der Körner zu Defekten im Kristallgitter und makroskopischen Defekten, die eine Vergrößerung der Oberfläche zu Folge haben. Weiters wird eine verbesserte Bindung der flüssigen und festen Komponenten des Gemisches erreicht.In the activator, the individual particles are moving at speeds of more than 200 m / s against the blades and mainly hurled against each other and strong impacts exposed. Further investigations have shown that the individual Obtain particles between three and ten collisions. By these impacts occur with solid media in addition to shredding the grains to defects in the crystal lattice and macroscopic Defects that result in an increase in surface area to have. Furthermore, an improved binding of the liquid and solid components of the mixture reached.
An sich ist die Abnahme der Breite von Schaufelreihen bei Turboverdichtern bekannt, wie etwa die US-A 3,044,685 zeigt. Dort nimmt allerdings die Breite der Schaufelreihen nach außen bei weitem viel stärker ab als dies erfindungsgemäß zur Aktivierung von Stoffen vorgesehen ist. Die Abnahme der Schaufelreihenbreite nach außen ist bei dem im Vorhalt gezeigten Verdichter strömungstechnisch zur Ausbildung von Hochdruckstufen bedingt und spielt zur Aktivierung von Stoffen überhaupt keine Rolle.In itself is the decrease in the width of rows of blades in turbocompressors known, such as US-A 3,044,685 shows. There however, the width of the rows of blades increases towards the outside far more than for activation according to the invention of fabrics is provided. The decrease in blade row width to the outside in the compressor shown in the lead flow-related to the formation of high pressure stages and does not play at all to activate substances Role.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Schlagschaufeln konkav ausgebildet sind und vorzugsweise aus zumindest zwei im wesentlichen ebenen und zueinander abgewinkelten Platten bestehen. Durch die konkave Form kommt es während des Betriebes zu einer Auflage des zu bearbeitenden Mediums auf den Schaufeln. Diese Auflage erneuert sich durch den Aufprall von Teilchen laufend und schützt die Schaufeln selbst weitgehend vor Erosion und Verschleiß.In a preferred embodiment of the invention provided that the impact blades are concave and preferably from at least two substantially flat and there are angled plates. Through the concave The form is subject to a requirement during operation processing medium on the blades. This edition renewed is constantly protected and protected by the impact of particles the blades themselves largely from erosion and wear.
Dadurch, daß die der Rotationsachse zugekehrten äußeren Kanten der Schlagschaufeln mit Schutzleisten belegt sind, kann die Standzeit der Vorrichtung darüberhinaus noch erheblich gesteigert werden.Because the outer edges facing the axis of rotation the impact blades are covered with protective strips, the Service life of the device is also significantly increased will.
Ein besserer radialer Stofftransport wird dadurch erzielt, daß jeweils zwischen zwei benachbarten Schlagschaufeln der äußersten Schaufelreihe eine Ventilatorschaufel angeordnet ist. Weiters ist es vorteilhaft, wenn am äußeren Ende jeder Schlagschaufel der äußersten Schaufelreihe auf der in Drehrichtung des Rotors liegenden Seite, vorzugsweise im rechten Winkel auf die Schlagschaufel eine Ventilatorschaufel anschließt.A better radial mass transfer is achieved in that between two adjacent flapping blades of the outermost Blade row a fan blade is arranged. Furthermore, it is advantageous if at the outer end of each beater blade the outermost row of blades on the in the direction of rotation side of the rotor, preferably at a right angle the impact blade connects to a fan blade.
Ein weiters Ziel der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zur Behandlung von mehreren Komponenten aufweisenden festen, flüssigen oder gasförmigen Stoffen mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung vorzuschlagen.Another object of the invention is to provide a method of treatment of several components having solid, liquid or gaseous substances with a device according to the invention to propose.
Erfindungsgemäß wird daher vorgeschlagen, daß die Teilchen der
Stoffe beim Queren der nach außen hin in ihrer Breite um mindestens
2%, vorzugsweise um mindestens 5% und maximal um 10%
abnehmenden Schaufelreihen mit zunehmender Frequenz angeregt
werden.According to the invention it is therefore proposed that the particles of
Fabrics when crossing the outside by at least their
Dadurch lassen sich erhärtbare Masssen aber auch mehrphasige stabile Medien mit hoher Qualität herstellen, aber auch Schadstoffe aus Gasen absorbieren.This allows hardenable measures but also multi-phase measures Produce stable media with high quality, but also Absorb pollutants from gases.
Wird dieses Verfahren zur Herstellung von erhärtbaren Massen,
insbesondere von Baumaterialien wie Beton, Mörtel und dgl.
verwendet, so ist es vorteilhaft, die kennzeichnenden Merkmale
des Anspruches 7 vorzusehen.If this process is used to produce hardenable masses,
especially of building materials such as concrete, mortar and the like.
used, it is advantageous to use the characteristic features
of
Besonders bei Einsatz der Bindemittel Zement, Kalk oder Wasserglas, und der Zuschlagstoffen Sand, Löß, Bauschutt oder Filterasche kann eine ausgezeichnete erfindungsgemäß verbesserte Stoffaktivierung und damit eine hohe Herstellungsleistung und Qualität erzielt werden. Die Festigkeit der Massen kann unter sonst gleichen Bedingungen wie Rezeptur, etc. gegenüber bekannten Verfahren wesentlich gesteigert werden, ohne die Standzeit zu verschlechtern.Especially when using cement, lime or water glass binders, and the additives sand, loess, building rubble or Filter ash can be an excellent improved according to the invention Substance activation and thus a high manufacturing output and quality can be achieved. The firmness of the masses can be compared under otherwise the same conditions as recipe, etc. known methods can be increased significantly without deteriorate the service life.
Dabei läßt sich bei Drehzahlen der Schaufelreihen zwischen 800 und 3000 1/min eine besonders hohe Stofffaktivierung erreichen.Here, at speeds of the blade rows between 800 and 3000 1 / min achieve a particularly high activation of the fabric.
Bei einem Verfahren zur Herstellung von mehrphasigen stabilen
Medien wie Emulsionen oder Suspensionen ist es nach einem weiteren
Merkmal der Erfindung vorteilhaft, die kennzeichnenden
Merkmale des Anspruches 11 vorzusehen.In a process for producing multi-phase stable
It is media like emulsions or suspensions after another
Feature of the invention advantageous, the characteristic
Features of
Dadurch lassen sich sehr stabile Emulsionen und Suspensionen herstellen.This enables very stable emulsions and suspensions produce.
Besonders bewährt hat sich dieses erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bei der Herstellung von Kohlenstaubsuspensionen, bei denen als Ausgangsstoffe Wasser und/oder Öl sowie Kohlestaub verwendet werden. Durch die Erfindung ist es möglich solche Suspensionen mit hohem Feststoffanteil herzustellen, die über lange Zeiträume stabil sind.This method according to the invention has proven particularly useful in the production of coal dust suspensions, in which as Starting materials water and / or oil and coal dust are used will. Such suspensions are possible with the invention to produce with a high solids content that lasts for a long time Periods are stable.
In diesem Zusammenhang hat es sich als besonders günstig erwiesen, wenn die Drehzahl der Schaufelreihen zwischen 950 und 2800 1/min liegt. Dadurch lassen sich Suspensionen mit besonders hohem Feststoffgehalt herstellen.In this context, it has proven to be particularly beneficial if the speed of the rows of blades is between 950 and 2800 rpm. This allows suspensions with special produce a high solids content.
Zur Behandlung von Gasen, insbesondere zur Absorbtion von Schadstoffen sind nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung die kennnzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 14 vorgesehen.For the treatment of gases, especially for the absorption of Pollutants are according to a further feature of the invention the characterizing features of claim 14 provided.
Dieses erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist für verschiedene Reinigungsprozesse geeignet. So kann ein flüssiges Medium, wie Wasser oder Kalkmilch, vor der Einbringung des Gases in den Aktivator in das Gas eingedüst werden. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, ein solches Medium direkt in den Aktivator einzudüsen. This method according to the invention is for various cleaning processes suitable. So a liquid medium, like water or milk of lime, before introducing the gas into the activator be injected into the gas. However, it is also possible to inject such a medium directly into the activator.
Auch trocken ablaufende Prozesse sind von der Erfindung umfaßt, wie z.B. die Aufgabe von fein gemahlenem Dolomit.The invention also encompasses dry processes, such as. the task of finely ground dolomite.
Schließlich können zusätzlich zu einem flüssigen Medium ein oder mehrere feste Stoffe zugegeben werden.Finally, in addition to a liquid medium or several solid substances can be added.
In einer bevorzugten Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden dem Reinigungsmedium vor dem Eindüsen ein oder mehrere Feststoffe zugesetzt. Beim Eintritt in den Aktivator können diese Feststoffe in gelöster Form oder als suspendierte Teilchen vorliegen. Handelt es sich etwa bei der Reinigung des Gases um einen Entschwefelungsprozeß, wie dies bei Rauchgasen häufig erforderlich ist, so wird dem als Trägermedium dienenden Wasser Kalk, Dolomit oder dgl. zugesetzt. Im Aktivator erfolgt dann neben einer innigen Vermischung sämtlicher Komponenten auch eine Aktivierung und damit eine fast vollständige Umsetzung.In a preferred variant of the method according to the invention be one or more of the cleaning medium before the injection Solids added. When entering the activator you can these solids in dissolved form or as suspended particles available. Is it about cleaning the Gases around a desulfurization process, as is the case with flue gases is often required, the serving as a carrier medium Lime, dolomite or the like are added. In the activator then in addition to an intimate mixture of all components also an activation and thus an almost complete one Implementation.
Dieses Verfahren zeichnet sich durch seine besonders hohe Abscheideleistung aus.This process is characterized by its particularly high separation performance out.
Durch die kreiselpumpenartige Förderwirkung des Aktivators kann beim Einsatz in Kraftwerken gleichzeitig der Saugzugventilator entfallen.Due to the centrifugal pump-like delivery effect of the activator the suction fan can also be used in power plants omitted.
Dabei ist es besonders günstig wenn zur Behandlung von Gasen, insbesondere zur Absorbtion von Schadstoffen, die Drehzahl der Schaufelreihen zwischen 900 und 3500 1/min liegt.It is particularly advantageous if for the treatment of gases, especially for the absorption of pollutants, the speed of the Bucket rows is between 900 and 3500 1 / min.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung durch die in den Fig. darstellten Ausführungsvarianten näher erläutert.In the following the invention is represented by those in the figures Variants explained in more detail.
Die Figuren zeigen schematisch: Die Fig.1 einen erfindungsgemäßen Aktivator teilweise im Schnitt; die Figur 2 einen Schnitt nach Linie II/II von Fig.1; die Fig.3 eine Variante der Schaufelform und die Fig.4 eine weitere Ausführungsvariante davon.The figures show schematically: Figure 1 an inventive Activator partly in section; the figure 2 a section along line II / II of Fig.1; 3 shows a variant the blade shape and the Fig.4 another embodiment from that.
Der in Fig.1 und 2 dargestellte Aktivator besteht aus zwei gegenläufig
bewegten Rotoren 1 und 2, deren Drehrichtung mit den
Pfeilen A und B angedeutet sind. Der Einfachheit halber ist
das Gehäuse mit mittigem Einlaß und umfangseitigem Auslaß weggelassen.
Die Bearbeitung des zu behandelnden Gutes besorgen
drei konzentrisch angeordnete Kränze 3, 4, 5 von Schlagschaufeln
6. Im vorliegenden Fall wird der äußerste Kranz 5 und der
innerste Kranz 3 der Schlagschaufeln vom Rotor 1 und der dazwischenliegende
Kranz 4 vom Rotor 2 getragen. Zumindest die
Schlagschaufeln 6 des äußeren Kranzes 5 sind konkav, z.B. abgewinkelt.
Die Grundebene 7 dieser Schlagschaufel ist unter
einem Winkel α angestellt, der wie in Fig. 2 er
kennbar ist, von einer an der Eintrittskante der Schaufel in
Umfangsrichtung verlaufenden Ebene 7 zur Tangentialebene 7'
gemessen wird.The activator shown in Fig. 1 and 2 consists of two opposing
Bei der in der Fig.3 dargesellten Ausführung des Aktivators
sind die beiden inneren Ringe 3 und 4 mit konkaven
Schaufeln 6 ausgestattet, die aus zwei im wesentlichen ebenen
Platten 6' und 6'' bestehen. Die in Bewegungsrichtung gesehen
vorderen Platten 6' sind dabei länger und weniger stark zur
tangentialen Ebene geneigt, als die hinteren Teile 6''. Durch
die konkave Form kommt es während des Betriebes zu einer Auflage
des zu bearbeitenden Mediums auf den Schaufeln 6. Diese
Auflage, die mit 11 bezeichnet ist, erneuert sich durch den
Aufprall von Teilchen laufend und schützt die Schaufeln 6
selbst weitgehend vor Erosion und Verschleiß.In the embodiment of the activator shown in FIG. 3
the two
Bei der in der Fig.4 dargestellten abgewinkelten Form
der Schlagschaufeln ist der abgewinkelte Teil 6' bzw. 6'' kürzer
als der verbleibende Teil 6''' und beträgt vorzugsweise die
Hälfte oder weniger der Gesamtlänge der Schlagschaufeln. Die
Neigung des kürzeren Teiles 6' bzw. 6'' erfolgt jeweils vom
Teil 6''' zur Rotormitte hin. Die abgewinkelten Endstücke 6',
6'' können an beiden Enden des Teiles 6''' oder nur an einem
Ende desselben, im vorliegenden Fall vorzugsweise am nachlaufseitigem
Ende vorgesehen sein. Sie werden zweckmäßig aus Hartmetall
hergestellt oder damit belegt und können austauschbar
angebracht sein. Es ist jedoch auch eine Fertigung aus Keramik
oder Kunststoff möglich. Schließlich besteht auch die Möglichkeit,
die der Rotorachse zugekehrten äußeren Kanten der
Teile 6', 6'' mit Schutzleisten 10 zu belegen.In the angled shape shown in Figure 4
the flapping blades are the angled part 6 'or 6' 'shorter
than the remaining part 6 '' 'and is preferably the
Half or less of the total length of the blades. The
The inclination of the shorter part 6 'or 6' 'takes place from
Part 6 '' 'towards the center of the rotor. The angled end pieces 6 ',
6 '' can be on both ends of the part 6 '' 'or only on one
End of the same, in the present case preferably on the trailing side
Be provided at the end. They are expediently made of hard metal
manufactured or occupied and can be replaced
to be appropriate. However, it is also made from ceramic
or plastic possible. Finally, there is also the possibility
the outer edges of the
Parts 6 ', 6' 'to be covered with
Zwischen den Schlagschaufeln oder an dem bei der Drehung
des Rotors 1 vorne liegenden Ende der Schlagschaufeln des
äußersten Kranzes 5 sind Ventilatorschaufeln 8 vorgesehen, die
jede beliebige Form haben können und beispielsweise als
Platte, Finger oder dgl. ausgebildet sind. Sie haben die Aufgabe,
den Fluß des zu behandelnden Gutes von innen nach außen
zu sichern und außerdem auf der der Rotorachse zugekehrten
Oberfläche der Schlagwerkzeuge eine Schutzschicht aus dem zu
behandelnden Material zu bilden, gleichgültig wie groß der Anstellwinkel
α ist. Dieser kann für bestimmte Arbeiten unter
15° liegen, während er für andere Arbeiten darüber, beispielsweise
20 bis 35°, vorteilhafter sein kann.Between the flapping blades or at the turn
of the rotor 1 front end of the impact blades of the
Die Figur 3 zeigt schematisch einen Ausschnitt aus
drei aufeinanderfolgenden Ringen des erfindungsgemäßen Aktivators.
Wesentlich ist, daß die Breite b1, b2 und b3 der Ringe
nach außen hin kontinuierlich mindestens 2-5% abnimmt. Maximal
sollte die Breite jedoch um 10% abnehmen. Das heißt:
Claims (17)
- An apparatus for the treatment of solid, liquid and/or gaseous substances with an activator with at least three coaxially arranged, oppositely drivable rows of shovels (3, 4, 5) with beater shovels (6) having an angle of attack, with the circumferential speed of the outermost rows of shovels (3, 4, 5) being between 70 m/s and 160 m/s, characterized in that the width (b1, b2, B3) of the rows of shovels (3, 4, 5) decreases outwardly by at least 2 %, preferably by at least 5 % and maximally by 10 %.
- An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the beater shovels (6) are arranged concavely and preferably consist of at least two substantially plane and mutually angular plates (6', 6'', 6''').
- An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer edges of the beater shovels (6) facing the rotational axis are covered with protective strips (10).
- An apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a fan shovel (8) is arranged between two adjacent beater shovels (6) of the outermost row of shovels (5).
- An apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a fan shovel (8) is adjacent, preferably at a right angle, to the beater shovel (6) on the outer edge of each beater shovel (6) of the outermost row of shovels (5) on the side disposed in the rotational direction (A) of the rotor (1).
- A method for the treatment of solid, liquid or gaseous substances having several components in an apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the particles are excited with increasing frequency during the passage of the rows of shovels (3, 4, 5) which decrease outwardly in their width by at least 2 %, preferably by at least 5 % and maximally by 10 %.
- A method as claimed in claim 6 for the production of hardenable masses, in particular of building materials such as concrete, mortar and the like, characterized in thatbinder, aggregate and liquid, preferably water, are introduced simultaneously or as a mixture in the activator with coaxially arranged, oppositely moving rows of shovels (3, 4, 5),the particles of the material move in the apparatus from the inside to the outside andare excited with rising amplitude by passing the outer rows of shovels (3, 4, 5) rotating with a circumferential speed of between 70 m/s and 160 m/s.
- A method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that cement, lime or sodium water glass is used as binder.
- A method as claimed in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that sand, loess, rumble or filter ash is used as aggregate.
- A method as claimed in one of the claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the rotational speed of the rows of shovels (3, 4, 5) is between 800 and 3000 1/min.
- A method as claimed in claim 6 for the production of multi-phase stable media such as emulsions or suspensions, characterized in thatthe individual components are introduced according to the desired mass ratio either simultaneously or as a mixture into the activator with coaxially arranged, oppositely moving rows of shovels (3, 4, 5),the particles of the material move in the activator from the inside to the outside andare excited with rising amplitude and with rising frequency by passing the outer rows of shovels (3, 4, 5) rotating with a circumferential speed of between 70 m/s and 160 m/s.
- A method as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that water and/or oil as well as coal dust are used as starting materials.
- A method as claimed in claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the rotational speed of the rows of shovels (3, 4, 5) is between 950 and 2800 1/min.
- A method as claimed in claim 6 for the treatment of gases, in particular for the absorption of pollutants, characterized in that- a liquid or dust-like medium is injected into the gas to be treated,- the gas plus medium is introduced into the activator with coaxially arranged, oppositely moving rows of shovels (3, 4, 5),- the medium is moved in the activator from the inside to the outside and- is excited with rising amplitude and with rising frequency by passing the outer rows of shovels (3, 4, 5) rotating with a circumferential speed of between 70 m/s and 160 m/s, and- the medium is separated from the gas.
- A method as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that a solid or a mixture of solids is added to a liquid medium prior to the injection.
- A method as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that a solid or a mixture of solids is fed to the activator simultaneously with a liquid medium.
- A method as claimed in one of the claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the rotational speed of the rows of shovels (3, 4, 5) is between 900 and 3500 1/min.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT823/93 | 1993-04-28 | ||
| AT0082493A ATA82493A (en) | 1993-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING MULTI-PHASE STABLE MEDIA |
| AT822/93 | 1993-04-28 | ||
| AT82393A AT398045B (en) | 1993-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | Process for the treatment of gases |
| AT82293A AT399841B (en) | 1993-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | Apparatus for producing hardenable masses |
| AT824/93 | 1993-04-28 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0622164A1 EP0622164A1 (en) | 1994-11-02 |
| EP0622164B1 true EP0622164B1 (en) | 1998-02-04 |
Family
ID=27146771
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94890073A Expired - Lifetime EP0622164B1 (en) | 1993-04-28 | 1994-04-21 | Device for treating solid, liquid or gasous matters |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5460444A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0622164B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1058642C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE162976T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU664798B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2122297A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ286856B6 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59405200D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2115195T3 (en) |
| HR (1) | HRP940264B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2124401C1 (en) |
| SI (1) | SI9400201A (en) |
| UA (1) | UA43313C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE20002920U1 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2000-04-20 | Schroeder & Boos Misch Und Anl | Homogenizer |
| US7967500B2 (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2011-06-28 | Ce & M Llc | Split vane blender |
| US8019382B2 (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2011-09-13 | St-Ericsson Sa | Communication apparatus having a standard serial communication interface compatible with radio isolation |
| US9149156B2 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2015-10-06 | Sharkninja Operating Llc | Food processor |
| US9107539B2 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2015-08-18 | Euro-Pro Operating Llc | Food processor |
| US9168496B2 (en) | 2012-09-17 | 2015-10-27 | Nov Condor, Llc | Tub blender pressure booster method and apparatus |
| US8545091B1 (en) | 2012-09-17 | 2013-10-01 | Jorge O. Arribau | Blender apparatus and method |
| CN103721628B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2016-06-29 | 陕西万源生物农业科技有限公司 | Multilevel particle micronization device |
| KR101780329B1 (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2017-09-20 | 주식회사 케이엔에스컴퍼니 | A system structure of impeller for dispersion-emulsion apparatus based on dual rotator |
| CN105999928A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-10-12 | 于维礼 | Anticyclonic vortex purification tower |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1101981A (en) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
| US3044685A (en) * | 1959-02-13 | 1962-07-17 | Nicholas P Lapiken | Air compressor |
| US3331905A (en) * | 1964-01-24 | 1967-07-18 | Hint Iohannes Alexandrovich | Method of treating particulate material |
| AT322340B (en) * | 1972-03-09 | 1975-05-12 | Patent Anst Baustoffe | HOUSING FOR EQUIPMENT WITH ROTATING WORK TOOLS FOR HANDLING LIQUID TO LIQUID MATERIALS |
| AT362651B (en) * | 1978-06-16 | 1981-06-10 | Sp Kt Bjuro Dezintegrator | DESINTEGRATOR DRUM |
| DE3034849A1 (en) * | 1980-09-16 | 1982-04-29 | Kasa-Forschungs- und Entwicklungs-Gesellschaft mbH & Co KG für Verfahrenstechnik, 6000 Frankfurt | DISINTEREGRATOR AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE DISINTEREGRATOR |
| DE3332209A1 (en) * | 1983-09-07 | 1985-03-21 | Wolf-Rüdiger 4130 Moers Naß | Gas purification process |
| DE3802260A1 (en) * | 1988-01-27 | 1989-08-10 | Kasa Technoplan | ROTATING DISINTEGRATION DEVICE |
| AT395295B (en) * | 1990-12-17 | 1992-11-10 | Koehler Pavlik Johann | ACTIVATOR |
-
1994
- 1994-04-18 US US08/229,330 patent/US5460444A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-20 AU AU60578/94A patent/AU664798B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-04-21 HR HRA824/93A patent/HRP940264B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-04-21 ES ES94890073T patent/ES2115195T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-21 EP EP94890073A patent/EP0622164B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-21 AT AT94890073T patent/ATE162976T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-04-21 DE DE59405200T patent/DE59405200D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-04-26 RU RU94014252/03A patent/RU2124401C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-04-27 CZ CZ19941023A patent/CZ286856B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-04-27 CN CN94105444A patent/CN1058642C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-04-27 CA CA002122297A patent/CA2122297A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-04-27 UA UA94005159A patent/UA43313C2/en unknown
- 1994-04-28 SI SI9400201A patent/SI9400201A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CZ286856B6 (en) | 2000-07-12 |
| HRP940264B1 (en) | 1999-12-31 |
| CN1058642C (en) | 2000-11-22 |
| ES2115195T3 (en) | 1998-06-16 |
| RU2124401C1 (en) | 1999-01-10 |
| CA2122297A1 (en) | 1994-10-29 |
| US5460444A (en) | 1995-10-24 |
| DE59405200D1 (en) | 1998-03-12 |
| ATE162976T1 (en) | 1998-02-15 |
| UA43313C2 (en) | 2001-12-17 |
| HRP940264A2 (en) | 1996-08-31 |
| AU664798B2 (en) | 1995-11-30 |
| SI9400201A (en) | 1994-12-31 |
| CZ102394A3 (en) | 1995-08-16 |
| CN1097649A (en) | 1995-01-25 |
| EP0622164A1 (en) | 1994-11-02 |
| AU6057894A (en) | 1994-11-03 |
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