EP0616091B1 - Blocs de construction - Google Patents

Blocs de construction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0616091B1
EP0616091B1 EP19930600014 EP93600014A EP0616091B1 EP 0616091 B1 EP0616091 B1 EP 0616091B1 EP 19930600014 EP19930600014 EP 19930600014 EP 93600014 A EP93600014 A EP 93600014A EP 0616091 B1 EP0616091 B1 EP 0616091B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
faces
block
tongues
grooves
pair
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19930600014
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0616091A1 (fr
Inventor
Konstantinos Kamoudis
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/26—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in all cavities in order to form a wall construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0226—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues and grooves next to each other on the end surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to blocks for masonry construction, which may be used for the construction of load bearing elements, such as walls and beams, as well as for partitioning masonry walls.
  • a block for masonry construction comprising two opposite longitudinal webs, extending vertically and along a longitudinal direction and at least one transverse web, extending vertically and in the transverse direction and connecting the two opposite longitudinal webs is already known from WO 79/00198.
  • This block has three pairs of faces, the faces of each pair being opposite to each other, with the faces of the first of the three pairs of faces extending horizontally, the faces of the second of the three pairs of faces being parallel to the transverse web, and the faces of the third of the three pair of faces being parallel to the longitudinal webs.
  • the horizontally extending faces have first interlocking means for interlocking blocks placed one on the top of the other, and at least one of second pair of faces having second interlocking means for interlocking blocks being placed one next to the other.
  • the first interlocking means of the blocks disclosed in WO 79/00198 consists of a single longitudinally disposed male element in one face and a complementary female element in the opposite face, which extend across the breadth of the block.
  • the blocks do not provide interlocking means for corner and cross walls; and the configuration of channels disposed on the first pair of faces, across the transverse webs, necessitate the use of special production pallets and blockmakers.
  • a further block for masonry construction is disclosed in document WO 92/09762.
  • the block disclosed in this document comprises tongues in its upper face, and a base slab with grooves for receiving the tongues of the block located below.
  • the shape of the tongues and the corresponding grooves is such, so that there is a need of special inserts, in order to effect positive interlocking of blocks.
  • the block does not include means for interlocking blocks placed one next to the other.
  • the presence of the base slab, on which the grooves are formed, does not allow the use of the blocks in case of use of vertical reinforcements.
  • An object of the present invention is a block, with effective interlocking, and minimum weight.
  • the blocks are to be used for reinforced masonry construction, for the construction of other load bearing elements, such as beams and for non-reinforced partitioning wall construction.
  • the blocks of the invention provide stable interlocking of blocks placed one on the top of the other. They may be used for the construction of non-reinforced masonry as well as of masonry with vertical and/or horizontal reinforcement. Further they may be used for the construction of beams.
  • Claim 2 is directed to blocks having a base slab for non-reinforced masonry construction and claim 3 to blocks with open upper and lower faces in order to allow for the vertical reinforcement to pass through the blocks.
  • the block of claim 4 comprises only one web in the transverse direction connecting the two opposite webs. Such a block has at least one of the vertical faces open, so that during reinforced masonry construction, it is possible to place it around the vertically disposed reinforcement, by moving it transversely with respect thereto.
  • the blocks of claim 4 have a U or double I section.
  • the transverse webs connecting the webs extending in the longitudinal direction are recessed in their plane, to house longitudinal reinforcements.
  • the second interlocking means of the blocks in accordance with claim 6 are grooves and tongues disposed in vertically extending series.
  • Claim 7 defines that one longitudinal face of the block is provided with an expanded polysterene slab for thermal insulation.
  • the grooves are deeper than the tongues, to allow for the application of wires or shear connectors or for interlocking at an angle.
  • Claims 9 and 10 define the third interlocking means of tongues and grooves, disposed vertically for interlocking blocks placed at an angle.
  • the blocks may be manufactured from cement; pumice; expanded or processed lightweight aggregates, natural aggregates; chemical and or active mineral additives.
  • the blocks according to the invention comprise two opposite longitudinal webs extending in use vertically and along a longitudinal direction and at least one transverse web, extending vertically and in the transverse direction and connecting the two opposite longitudinal webs.
  • the blocks have three pairs of faces, with the faces of each pair being opposite to each other.
  • the faces of the first of the three pairs of faces extend in use horizontally, the faces of the second of the three pairs of faces are parallel to the transverse web, and the faces of the third of the three pair of faces are parallel to the longitudinal webs.
  • the horizontally extending faces have first interlocking means for interlocking blocks placed one on the top of the other.
  • the block shown in figures 1 to 13 has webs 12,11,10,9,9A in the longitudinal and transverse direction, and a base slab 13. Tongues 15,2 and grooves 3 are provided on the base slab for interlocking the blocks placed one on the top of the other.
  • Transverse webs 8,9,10,11 are erected above the base slab 13.
  • the webs have tongues 6 on their edges located opposite to the base slab and grooves 7,8 located on the same level as grooves 3.
  • the grooves 3 are deeper than tongues 6, to allow for the installation of wires/shear connectors and bonding mortars.
  • These tongues and grooves form the first interlocking means for the blocks placed one on top of the other.
  • the webs 12,11,10,9,9A form vertical cavities through block's height, intersected by the horizontal base slab 13.
  • the block has also vertically disposed grooves 4,4A,4B, coacting with vertically disposed tongues 5, in at least one of the outer transverse webs 9 on the transverse faces 28,29, for interlocking of blocks placed one next to the other.
  • Internal grooves 4A,4B are deeper than tongues 5 on the same face, for applying mortar.
  • the tongues 6 are equally spaced from both second 28,29 and third pair of faces 26,27 of the block, and are of the same shape and dimensions. Tongues 6 are engaged with recesses 3 for the interlocking of blocks when laid one on top of another.
  • the block may be laid reversed with base slab 13 tongues 15,2 and grooves 3 lying on the upper side, and tongues 6 grooves 7,8 lying on the lower side respectively.
  • the block can also be surface bonded with a thin mortar reinforced with synthetic fibers
  • Block with a plain transverse face 28 i.e. without tongues or grooves are used at wall ends, walls at an angle, and openings with or without reveal.
  • the blocks according to the invention may be joined one next to another, one on the top of another or at an angle, a valuable advantage for wall corners and crossings.
  • the cellular blocks shown in figures 14 to 35 have webs 12,12A,9A,9B,10A,10B. At least two of the webs are disposed in the longitudinal direction and at least further two in the transverse direction.
  • the blocks may have a base slab 13 or such a slab may be omitted (see for example figures 17 to 19).
  • the surfaces of the blocks coinciding with the block's horizontal faces 25,24. comprise tongues 15A,6A,6C,14B, grooves 3B,3A,3C,7,7A,7B,7C,15B,8A, on the webs 12,12A,9A,9B,10A. These said tongues and grooves form the first interlocking means for blocks placed one on top of the other.
  • the transverse webs may be recessed -see for example recess 16 in figures 17 to 19- for effective concrete bonding, and installation of longitudinal reinforcements.
  • Webs 12,12A,9A,9B,10A,10B form vertical cavities through the block's height, which may be optionally intersected by a horizontal base slab 13.
  • the block has vertically disposed grooves 4,4A,4B and tongues 5,5A on at least one transverse web 9B on the second pair of faces 28,29. These said tongues and grooves form the second interlocking means for blocks placed one next to the other.
  • One inner tongue 5 extend further out than the others, on at least one transverse face 28,29, for interlocking with grooves 17, on either or both faces 26,27, disposed vertically in the longitudinal face webs 12,12A. These said tongues and grooves form the third interlocking means for blocks placed at an angle in the horizontal plane.
  • Twin transverse webs at middle block's length are provided with vertical notches so that the blocks may be cut on site, to produce two half blocks, one with plain transverse end face 28, and another half with vertically extending tongues and grooves 5,5A,4,4A,4B as cited.
  • Figure 15,16 refer for illustration purposes, to a block with reveal, on one of the end side faces, for wall ends to doors, windows e.t.c
  • Figure 30,31,32 show the block for the lintel and slab end, with one longitudinal web 12A on the external face of the unit higher than the opposite face 12, acting as shuttering to the poured concrete.
  • Tongue 6C is utilized for the continuation of masonry work on upper floor, and for insertion into groove 7C for stacking/palletizing convenience.
  • This block could be with or without a base slab 13, for exposed base face above openings windows/doors e.t.c. or concealed base face, within the masonry.
  • the horizontal faces 25,24 of the block are recessed vertically to form grooves 3A,3B,15C,7A,7C,8A and tongues 15,15A,6D,6C,14C.
  • the said tongues and grooves form the first interlocking means for the blocks placed one on top of the other.
  • Grooves 4,4A,4B and tongues 5,5A,5B are disposed vertically, and provided on one or both transverse faces 28,29, to form the second interlocking means for the blocks placed one next to the other.
  • One inner tongue 5 extend further out than the others, on the same face 28,29, for interlocking with grooves 17, on either or both faces 26,27, disposed vertically in the longitudinal face webs 12,12A. These said tongue and grooves form the third interlocking means for blocks placed at an angle, in the horizontal plane.
  • a recess 16 is formed in the plane of transverse webs 10B, for effective interlocking with the concrete, and installation of longitudinal reinforcements.
  • a base slab 13 is provided for lintel, beam, rolling shutter, and lintel/slab end units.
  • Rolling shutter unit is connected to lintel unit through bolt holes 23.
  • Inner vertical grooves/notches 22 of the appropriate shape are provided on the inner faces of the longitudinal webs (figures 42 to 57), to ease cutting on site, and/or efffective interlocking with the poured-in concrete.
  • Blocks U and double I shape can be easily used for the erection of columns with corners or crossed, high lifts.
  • the tongues and grooves of the presented embodiments comprise oblique faces of complementary shape and orientation, so that the shape of the tongues and grooves may be truncated pyramidal or conoidal. Further their shape and layout, although not necessarily identical, secure the alignment, rigidity and insulation of the vertical/horizontal joints of the block units.
  • All of the referred blocks could be further insulated with a highly and uniformly insulating slab 19, (see figures 33,35,55,57), made from a preformed insulating element, such as expanded polystyrene, of an appropriate density.
  • the insulating slab is inserted during production, on one longitudinal side of the block and secured through wedge shaped transvserse and longitudinal web's connections, securing structural integrity to all effects with the interlocking features unaffected.
  • the blocks can be produced, with suitable mobile or stationary blockmakers with built-in tray/pallet.
  • suitable materials and grooves/notches, or other provisions not described herein, provide for easy cutting on site, with available means and methods.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Bloc pour construction en maçonnerie, comprenant deux plaques longitudinales opposées (12, 12A) s'étendant en utilisation verticalement et le long d'une direction longitudinale et au moins une plaque transversale (9, 10, 9A, 9B, 10A, 10B) s'étendant verticalement et dans la direction transversale, la au moins une plaque transversale reliant les deux plaques longitudinales opposées (12, 12A), de sorte que le bloc a trois paires de faces, les faces de chaque paire étant opposées l'une à l'autre, les faces (24, 25) de la première des trois paires de faces s'étendant, en utilisation, horizontalement, les faces (28, 29) de la seconde des trois paires de faces étant parallèles à la plaque transversale, et les faces (26, 27) de la troisième des trois paires de faces étant parallèles aux plaques longitudinales, les faces s'étendant horizontalement ayant des premiers moyens d'interverrouillage pour interverrouiller des blocs placés l'un sur le sommet de l'autre, et au moins l'une des secondes paires de faces ayant des seconds moyens d'interverrouillage pour interverrouiller des blocs placés à proximité l'un de l'autre,
    dans lequel
    les premiers moyens d'interverrouillage comprennent des séries alternées de saillies (6, 6A, 6B, 6C, 14B, 14C) et de retraits (7, 8, 7A, 7B, 8A) sur l'une de la première paire de faces, et des séries alternées respectives de retraits (3, 3B, 3A, 15B, 3C, 15C) et de saillies (2, 15, 15A) sur l'autre de la première paire de faces, de sorte que
    chacune desdites séries de saillies et de retraits des premiers moyens d'interverrouillage s'étend le long de la direction longitudinale,
    chacun desdits saillies et retraits des premiers moyens d'interverrouillage comprend deux faces disposées longitudinalement, celles d'entre elles qui ne forment pas la troisième paire de faces étant, en utilisation, obliques par rapport à l'horizontale,
    les saillies et retraits sur ladite une face de la première paire de faces, sont d'une forme qui est complémentaire aux retraits et saillies respectifs sur l'autre face de la première paire de faces, afin d'effectuer l'interverrouillage de blocs placés l'un sur le sommet de l'autre.
  2. Bloc selon la revendication 1, où le bloc comprend une semelle de base, avec l'une des deux surfaces de la semelle de base coïncidant avec une face de la première paire de faces, et où les retraits sont formés sur ladite face de la première paire de faces, et les plaques étant dressées à partir de l'autre des deux surfaces sur la semelle de base.
  3. Bloc selon la revendication 1, où les faces de la première paire de faces sont des faces ouvertes, afin que le bloc loge des renforcements disposés verticalement.
  4. Bloc selon la revendication 1, où les deux plaques opposées et ladite une plaque les reliant forment un bloc avec une section en U ou en I.
  5. Bloc selon la revendication 1, où les plaques transversales reliant les plaques s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale, sont en creux dans leur plan, afin que le bloc reçoive des renforcements longitudinaux.
  6. Bloc selon la revendication 1, où l'une ou les deux faces de la seconde paire de faces comprennent des séries alternées disposées verticalement de saillies et de retraits.
  7. Bloc selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, où une face de la troisième paire de faces comporte une semelle en polystyrène expansé pour l'isolation thermique.
  8. Bloc selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, où les retraits des premiers moyens d'interverrouillage sont plus profonds que les saillies.
  9. Bloc selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, où les seconds moyens d'interverrouillage comprennent des retraits et des saillies, l'une desdites saillies étant plus en proéminence que l'autre desdites saillies.
  10. Bloc selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, où le bloc comprend des troisièmes moyens d'interverrouillage (5) pour interverrouiller des blocs placés en faisant un certain angle dans le plan horizontal.
EP19930600014 1992-08-04 1993-07-26 Blocs de construction Expired - Lifetime EP0616091B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GR92100353 1992-08-04
GR92010353 1992-08-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0616091A1 EP0616091A1 (fr) 1994-09-21
EP0616091B1 true EP0616091B1 (fr) 2000-03-29

Family

ID=10941157

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19930600014 Expired - Lifetime EP0616091B1 (fr) 1992-08-04 1993-07-26 Blocs de construction

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0616091B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE616091T1 (fr)
GR (1) GR1001284B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012170516A2 (fr) * 2011-06-06 2012-12-13 Genest Christopher Système de bloc de maçonnerie

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4405489A1 (de) * 1994-02-21 1995-08-24 Rolf Scheiwiller Mauerstein-Bausatz
AU2756397A (en) * 1996-05-15 1997-12-05 Markus Stracke Facade panel or structural element for facades
CA3000082C (fr) * 2017-10-03 2019-04-09 Risi Stone Inc. Bloc de mur de soutenement a segment reversible, moules et methodes de fabrication associee, et methode de formation de murs de soutenement au moyen desdits blocs
CN108824673A (zh) * 2018-07-26 2018-11-16 榆林学院 一种带有多孔砖的生土砖墙体
CN113213830A (zh) * 2021-05-31 2021-08-06 山东卓俊实业有限公司 一种粘结砂浆及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1561935A (en) * 1977-10-11 1980-03-05 Parry & Hughes Building blocks
FR2562932A1 (fr) * 1984-04-17 1985-10-18 Humbert Bernard Blocs a bancher a isolation integree
FR2669956B1 (fr) * 1990-11-29 1997-12-12 Brandom Ste Civile Element et procede de construction sans mortier.

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012170516A2 (fr) * 2011-06-06 2012-12-13 Genest Christopher Système de bloc de maçonnerie
WO2012170516A3 (fr) * 2011-06-06 2013-02-07 Genest Christopher Système de bloc de maçonnerie
US8596014B2 (en) 2011-06-06 2013-12-03 Christopher R. Genest Masonry block system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69328242D1 (de) 2000-05-04
DE616091T1 (de) 1995-08-24
EP0616091A1 (fr) 1994-09-21
GR1001284B (el) 1993-07-30

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