EP0608488A1 - Ultra-high burn rate gun propellants - Google Patents

Ultra-high burn rate gun propellants Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0608488A1
EP0608488A1 EP93116994A EP93116994A EP0608488A1 EP 0608488 A1 EP0608488 A1 EP 0608488A1 EP 93116994 A EP93116994 A EP 93116994A EP 93116994 A EP93116994 A EP 93116994A EP 0608488 A1 EP0608488 A1 EP 0608488A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ultra
diazido
burn rate
propellants
matter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93116994A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Joseph Edward Flanagan
John Clarence Gray
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Boeing North American Inc
Original Assignee
Rockwell International Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rockwell International Corp filed Critical Rockwell International Corp
Publication of EP0608488A1 publication Critical patent/EP0608488A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
    • C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
    • C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin
    • C06B45/105—The resin being a polymer bearing energetic groups or containing a soluble organic explosive

Definitions

  • This invention relates to propellants and is particularly directed to gun propellant formulations containing azido nitramines in conjunction with carboranes, to provide reduced isochoric flame temperatures and ultra-high mass consumption rates.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide improved propellants.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide gun propellants having flame temperatures which are lower than those of current propellants, while yielding comparable or greater mass impetus.
  • FIG. 1 graphically compares the burn rates of propellant compositions according to the present invention.
  • the propellants of the present invention are characterized by the utilization of highly energetic azido compounds and select plasticizers in a nitrocellulose matrix.
  • Preferred energetic compounds which may be used in the gun propellant formulations include the cyclic nitramine 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX) and 1,7-diazido-2,4,6-trinitrazaheptane (DATH) and mixtures thereof.
  • the preferred plasticizers to be utilized are selected from 1,5-diazido-3-nitrazapentane (DANPE) or carbornylmethylpropinate (CMP) and mixtures thereof.
  • Propellant compositions having reduced isochoric flame temperatures and high mass impetus prepared in accordance with the present invention, are set forth in the table below wherein M-9 corresponds to Military Specification No. MIL-P-20306.
  • M-9 corresponds to Military Specification No. MIL-P-20306.
  • M-9 REFERENCE
  • FIG. 1 is a graphic comparision of the burn rates in centimeters per second at 65 megapacals of various propellant formulations according to the instant invention.
  • oxidizer 1 comprises 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX)
  • oxidizer 2 comprises a blend of fifty percent each RDX and 1,7-diazido-2,4,6-trinitrazaheptane (DATH)
  • DATH 1,7-diazido-2,4,6-trinitrazaheptane
  • oxidizer 3 comprises DATH.
  • the first formulation comprises 6 wt.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
  • Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Abstract

A family of ultra-high burn rate gun propellant systems based upon a nitrocellulose binder matrix, and containing a variety of azide components to provide formulations having reduced isochoric flame temperatures and ultra-high mass consumption rates.

Description

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
  • This invention relates to propellants and is particularly directed to gun propellant formulations containing azido nitramines in conjunction with carboranes, to provide reduced isochoric flame temperatures and ultra-high mass consumption rates.
    • 2. Description of Related Art
  • Various propellant formulations have evolved over the years in response to requirements for improved gun propellant compositions which impart high velocity and penetrability to associate projectiles. For modern applications, mass impetus levels approaching 450,000 ft-lbf/lbm or greater are desired. Such ultra-high force propellants have heretofore been dispossessed of the desirable combination of reduced isochoric flame temperatures and ultra-high mass consumption rates.
    • BRIEF SUMMARY AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
  • The aforementioned disadvantages associated with known gun propellants are obviated by the present invention which encompasses a family of ultra-high burn rate gun propellants having acceptable impetus levels and lowered isochoric flame temperatures.
  • The advantages of the present invention are realized in propellant formulations utilizing a combination of select azide compounds and additives in a nitrocellulose binder matrix.
  • Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide improved propellants.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide gun propellants having flame temperatures which are lower than those of current propellants, while yielding comparable or greater mass impetus.
  • These and other objects and features of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description.
  • FIG. 1 graphically compares the burn rates of propellant compositions according to the present invention.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • The propellants of the present invention are characterized by the utilization of highly energetic azido compounds and select plasticizers in a nitrocellulose matrix. Preferred energetic compounds which may be used in the gun propellant formulations include the cyclic nitramine 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX) and 1,7-diazido-2,4,6-trinitrazaheptane (DATH) and mixtures thereof. The preferred plasticizers to be utilized are selected from 1,5-diazido-3-nitrazapentane (DANPE) or carbornylmethylpropinate (CMP) and mixtures thereof.
  • Propellant compositions having reduced isochoric flame temperatures and high mass impetus, prepared in accordance with the present invention, are set forth in the table below wherein M-9 corresponds to Military Specification No. MIL-P-20306. TABLE
    WEIGHT PERCENT lm Tv
    NC(12.6%N) DANPE CMP RDX DATH (J/G) (°K)
    24 0 6 70 0 1295 3601
    24 3 3 35 35 1338 3692
    24 3 3 - 70 1355 3651
    18 6 6 - 70 1339 3515
    24 - 6 - 70 1325 3526
    24 6 - - 70 1382 3790
    M-9 (REFERENCE) 1175 3869
  • FIG. 1 is a graphic comparision of the burn rates in centimeters per second at 65 megapacals of various propellant formulations according to the instant invention. In FIG. 1, oxidizer 1 comprises 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX), oxidizer 2 comprises a blend of fifty percent each RDX and 1,7-diazido-2,4,6-trinitrazaheptane (DATH) and oxidizer 3 comprises DATH. As shown, for example, with respect to the formulations above oxidizer 1, wherein DOP comprises dioctylphthalate and DANPE is 1,5-diazido-3-nitrazapentane, the first formulation comprises 6 wt. percent DOP, 24 wt. percent nitrocellulose (NC) and 70 wt. percent oxidizer which in this formulation is oxidizer 1 or RDX. In each formulation reference is made to the legend in the upper left hand corner of FIG. 1. As shown by FIG. 1, the novel compositions making up the propellant formulations of the present invention are a clear advancement over comparable formulations known in the art.
  • Obviously, numerous varifications and modifications may be made without departing from the present invention. Accordingly, it should be clearly understood that the forms of the present invention described above are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

  1. A composition of matter comprising a nitrocellulose binder matrix and a compound selected from the group consisting of 1,5-diazido-3-nitrazapentane; carbornylmethylpropinate;
    1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane;
    1,7-diazido-2,4,6-trinitrazaheptane, and mixtures thereof.
  2. A composition of matter comprising:
    (a) about 24 wt% nitrocellulose binder;
    (b) about 6 wt% carbornylmethylpropinate; and
    (c) about 70 wt% 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane.
  3. A composition of matter comprising:
    (a) about 24 wt% nitrocellulose binder;
    (b) about 3 wt% 1,5-diazido-3-nitrazapentane;
    (c) about 3 wt% carbornylmethylpropinate;
    (d) about 35 wt% 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane; and
    (e) about 35 wt% 1,7-diazido-2,4,6-trinitrazaheptane
  4. A composition of matter comprising:
    (a) about 24 wt% nitrocellulose binder;
    (b) about 3 wt% 1,5-diazido-3-nitrazapentane;
    (c) about 3 wt% carbornylmethylpropinate; and
    (d) about 70 wt% 1,7-diazido-2,4,6-trinitrazaheptane.
  5. A composition of matter comprising:
    (a) about 18 wt% nitrocellulose binder;
    (b) about 6 wt% 1,5-diazido-3-nitrazapentane;
    (c) about 6 wt% carbornylmethylpropinate; and
    (d) about 70 wt% 1,7-diazido-2,4,6-trinitrazaheptane.
  6. A composition of matter comprising:
    (a) about 24 wt% nitrocellulose binder;
    (b) about 6 wt% carbornylmethylpropinate; and
    (c) about 70 wt% 1,7-diazido-2,4,6-trinitrazaheptane.
  7. A composition of matter comprising:
    (a) about 24 wt% nitrocellulose binder;
    (b) about 6 wt% 1,5-diazido-3-nitrazapentane; and
    (c) about 70 wt% 1,7-diazido-2,4,6-trinitrazaheptane.
  8. A gun propellant according to Claim 1.
  9. A gun propellant according to Claims 2,3,4,5,6,7, or 8.
EP93116994A 1993-01-25 1993-10-20 Ultra-high burn rate gun propellants Withdrawn EP0608488A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US919193A 1993-01-25 1993-01-25
US9191 1993-01-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0608488A1 true EP0608488A1 (en) 1994-08-03

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EP93116994A Withdrawn EP0608488A1 (en) 1993-01-25 1993-10-20 Ultra-high burn rate gun propellants

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EP (1) EP0608488A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2105933A1 (en)
NO (1) NO940243L (en)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3697341A (en) * 1969-08-29 1972-10-10 Hercules Inc Cool burning smokeless powder composition containing nitramine ethers
GB1362506A (en) * 1972-12-22 1974-08-07 Rockwell International Corp Triaminoguanidine nitrate containing gun propellants
US3873579A (en) * 1969-08-20 1975-03-25 Us Navy Organic azides and method of preparation thereof
US3962297A (en) * 1969-03-07 1976-06-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army High burning rate catalyst
US4133706A (en) * 1972-10-03 1979-01-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Propellants containing carboranylmethyl alkyl sulfide plasticizers
EP0120668A1 (en) * 1983-03-24 1984-10-03 Hercules Incorporated Azido nitramine
US4655859A (en) * 1980-05-21 1987-04-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Azido-based propellants
EP0445357A2 (en) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-11 Rockwell International Corporation Ultra high-energy azide containing gun propellants

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3962297A (en) * 1969-03-07 1976-06-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army High burning rate catalyst
US3873579A (en) * 1969-08-20 1975-03-25 Us Navy Organic azides and method of preparation thereof
US3697341A (en) * 1969-08-29 1972-10-10 Hercules Inc Cool burning smokeless powder composition containing nitramine ethers
US4133706A (en) * 1972-10-03 1979-01-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Propellants containing carboranylmethyl alkyl sulfide plasticizers
GB1362506A (en) * 1972-12-22 1974-08-07 Rockwell International Corp Triaminoguanidine nitrate containing gun propellants
US4655859A (en) * 1980-05-21 1987-04-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Azido-based propellants
EP0120668A1 (en) * 1983-03-24 1984-10-03 Hercules Incorporated Azido nitramine
EP0445357A2 (en) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-11 Rockwell International Corporation Ultra high-energy azide containing gun propellants

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NO940243D0 (en) 1994-01-24
CA2105933A1 (en) 1994-06-25
NO940243L (en) 1994-07-26

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