EP0598695B1 - Système de coffrage pour la construction d'habitations - Google Patents
Système de coffrage pour la construction d'habitations Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0598695B1 EP0598695B1 EP19930870214 EP93870214A EP0598695B1 EP 0598695 B1 EP0598695 B1 EP 0598695B1 EP 19930870214 EP19930870214 EP 19930870214 EP 93870214 A EP93870214 A EP 93870214A EP 0598695 B1 EP0598695 B1 EP 0598695B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- anchors
- slab
- tie
- formwork
- square
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
- E04B1/163—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with vertical and horizontal slabs, only the vertical slabs being partially cast in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
- E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
- E04G11/082—Retractable forms for the inside face of at least three walls
Definitions
- the publication EP-A-0493140 describes a prefabricated ceiling tile with firsts connecting anchors for subsequent handling of the slab, and of the second connecting anchors arranged around the slab and used to fix the slab to a peripheral formwork to close the joints on the upper edge of the walls.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks state of the art and reduce costs of building social housing by simplifying structural work thanks to a standardization of construction which allows mass production. This also allows the construction of buildings with few storeys and avoids some uniformity.
- each vertical wall of the unit formwork extends at equal distance between two lines consecutive axial of a square mesh network.
- the consecutive vertical panels of the formwork unit are connected by buttresses hinged to a construction support made spatially rigid and fixed by screwing to the first crossing anchors a horizontal concrete slab in locations located to nodes of said square mesh network.
- a precast concrete slab is laid on the walls, the slab having a width equal to twice the inter-axial distance of said network and having a length one, two, or three times the distance inter-axial.
- the second connecting anchors arranged around the edge of the slab in line with the axial lines of said network, the first anchors of connection for fixing the support construction above and handling of the slab, while the second connecting anchors used to fix the concrete slab to a peripheral formwork to close the joints on the upper edge walls.
- Another aspect of the invention relates to a precast concrete slab, intended for use in the following process the invention.
- the process is based on the adoption of a construction network with square meshes.
- the distance between axial lines determines a standard unit.
- the width of all premises is chosen equal to two units minus the thickness of the walls and their lengths are equal to three, two and one unit minus the thickness of walls.
- a row of premises can be offset by one unit or be rotated by 90 ° to obtain different plan layouts for dwellings located on the same level or also on different floors using these same standard units. Larger premises are obtained by inserting an opening of two standard units in the common wall, while two smaller rooms can be obtained using a partition wall in a large room.
- Vertical walls advantageously all have the same thicknesses and are made of medium density concrete and it is so efficient to use wall formwork which includes all the walls for the realization of all the walls of a room.
- ceiling tiles are removed on the walls made in the form of prefabricated elements.
- Ceiling tiles are made in the workshop in formwork made in the form of pallets and containing threaded holes exactly at the nodes of the network.
- Link anchors are screwed into these threaded holes and have internal threads continuous and a length corresponding to the thickness of the slabs.
- Overhead traveling cranes and cranes receive support construction which is screwed and unscrewed mechanically on these anchors. This allows to realize simple and safe manufacturing operations in the workshop, which essentially involves moving pallets and slabs.
- the formwork of the walls is supported by buttresses hinged on a support structure made spatially rigid and this construction is fixed by screwing to the anchors connecting ceiling tiles.
- Support and lateral guides of the wall panels in conjunction with the articulated buttresses provide a non-deformable formwork unit. All the buttresses articulated are moved synchronously by a linkage control in their central articulation, this linkage going around the support construction and being provided at each height with a threaded control. The tearing of concrete surfaces from a long wall and thin is avoided if the formwork of the neighboring room has already removed, provided that the formwork surfaces be removed in small steps from top to the bottom.
- the upper part of figure 1 represents the three types of ceiling tiles, the width L of which is limited to two inter-axial distances A of a network of square mesh construction. Their lengths are equal to three times, twice and once the distance interaxial A. At the nodes of the axial lines of the network the connecting anchors are indicated 1.
- the lower part in Figure 1 illustrates the practical application of the construction network in the case of a dwelling. The offset of the premises due to an inter-axial distance, and the 90 ° rotation allow to obtain a simple plan layout.
- the front part of the figure 1 shows the communication between two rooms by making an opening in a wall, in order to obtain a larger room.
- the posterior part of the figure 1 shows a large room which is subdivided by dividing partitions in order to achieve for example a kitchen, a bathroom and a W.C.
- Figure 2 shows two ceiling tiles 2 with connection fittings.
- the tiles rest on the walls.
- Link anchors 1 are used to adjust the position slabs from the start of manufacturing until the screwing of the wall formwork.
- the peripheral formwork of the ceiling slab 2 is fixed by screwing to the connecting anchors 3, in order to be able fill the resulting joints with heavy concrete.
- the ceiling tile 2 thus plays the role of a construction auxiliary.
- Figure 3 shows a wall formwork of a room.
- the vertical panels 4 are connected by buttresses articulated 5 with a support construction 6 spatially rigid.
- Support construction is fixed by screwing to the connecting anchors 1 of the concrete slab 2.
- a work platform 7 rests by its entire surface on the support construction 6 to allow heating inside. His height is lower to facilitate work on the top edge of the wall.
- Reference figures 8 designate the connections for the support grid the crane, these connections also being arranged at construction network nodes.
- Figure 4 is a top view showing the two initial positions of vertical panels 4 associated with a corner square 11.
- Figure 5 also shows a view of a corner square 11 and the arrangement of the joint 10.
- the articulated buttresses 5 are folded in their environment by moving the control linkage which assembles them around the support construction.
- the vertical panels 4 are separated from the concrete by a few centimeters.
- the devices to maintain the panels according to their axial orientation as well as their supports on the support construction are only not shown.
- the square 11 with the joint 10 remains fixed without possibility of horizontal displacement and stays in its place until, at the time of the uprising of the formwork unit, the joint lowers, its length then decreasing and the square 11 coming press against the outer surface of the vertical panels 4 as illustrated in the lower part of the figure 4.
- the square plays a protective role. Thanks to its branches a few millimeters thick, it protects the weakest points of the concrete wall at time of removal of the formwork unit.
- the signs formwork do not come into contact with the concrete between the brackets 11 and the arrow under the edge slabs prevents tearing of the edges of the concrete which will later be the support for the tiles ceiling 2, when the formwork unit is removed for formwork.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
Description
Claims (8)
- Procédé de réalisation d'un coffrage pour construction, en particulier d'habitation modeste, dans lequel sont utilisées des unités de coffrage normalisées comprenant des panneaux de parois verticales (4) maintenus par des organes articulés afin que ces panneaux puissent être amenés en coopération avec des équerres d'angle (11), caractérisé en ce que :(a) chaque paroi verticale (4) de l'unité de coffrage s'étend à égale distance entre deux lignes axiales consécutives d'un réseau à mailles carrées, la longueur des locaux restant limitée à trois distances axiales,(b) les panneaux verticaux (4) consécutifs de l'unité de coffrage sont reliés par des contreforts articulés (5) à une construction de support (6) rendue spatialement rigide et fixée par vissage à des premières ancres de liaison (1) fixées dans une dalle de béton horizontale (2) en des emplacements situés à des noeuds dudit réseau à mailles carrées,(c) au moins une dalle de béton (2) préfabriquée est déposée sur les murs, la dalle ayant une largeur (L) égale à deux fois la distance inter-axiale (A) dudit réseau et ayant une longueur égale à une, deux ou trois fois la distance inter-axiale (A),(d) la dalle de béton (2) étant munie de premières ancres de liaison (1) en des emplacements situés à des noeuds dudit réseau à mailles carrées et de secondes ancres de liaison (3) disposées sur le pourtour de la dalle (2) dans le prolongement des lignes axiales orthogonales dudit réseau,(e) les premières ancres de liaison (1) servant à la fixation à la construction de support (6) précitée et à la manutention de la dalle,(f) les secondes ancres de liaison (3) servant à fixer la dalle de béton (2) à un coffrage périphérique pour fermer les joints sur le bord supérieur des murs.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les premières ancres de liaison (1) précitées sont constituées de tubes ayant un filetage intérieur et une longueur égale à l'épaisseur des dalles (2).
- Procédé suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les dalles de béton (2) préfabriquées sont amenées sur place préalablement vissées par les secondes ancres de liaison (3) précitées à un coffrage périphérique en forme de palette.
- Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la construction de support (6) rendue spatialement rigide est fixée par vissage à des premières ancres de liaison (1) d'une dalle de plafond (2).
- Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les contreforts articulés (5) présentent, en leur milieu, un tringlage de commande (9) disposé autour de la construction de support (6), ce tringlage étant déplacé par une commande filetée repliant en synchronisme tous les contreforts et provoquant ainsi l'opération de décoffrage.
- Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque équerre d'angle (11) possède, dans ses suspensions rigides à la flexion, deux articulations verticales (10) qui descendent pendant le soulèvement de l'unité de coffrage, et repose sur les surfaces de coffrage voisines et assure donc ainsi une fonction de protection.
- Dalle de plafond (2) préfabriquée, destinée à être déposée sur un mur et munie :de premières ancres de liaison (1) servant à la manutention ultérieure de la dalle etde secondes ancres de liaison (3) disposées sur le pourtour de la dalle (2) et servant à fixer la dalle de béton (2) à un coffrage périphérique pour fermer les joints sur le bord supérieur des murs,a) la dalle a une largeur (L) égale à deux fois la distance inter-axiale (A) d'un réseau à mailles carrées et une longueur égale à une, deux ou trois fois ladite distance inter-axiale (A),b) les premières ancres de liaison (1) traversent la dalle en des emplacements situés à des noeuds dudit réseau à mailles carrées et servent à la fixation à la construction de support (6),c) les secondes ancres de liaison (3) sont disposées dans le prolongement des lignes axiales orthogonales dudit réseau.
- Dalle préfabriquée suivant la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que les premières ancres de liaison (1) sont constituées de tubes avec filetage intérieur.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE9200990 | 1992-11-16 | ||
BE9200990A BE1006340A3 (fr) | 1992-11-16 | 1992-11-16 | Systeme de coffrage pour la construction d'habitations. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0598695A1 EP0598695A1 (fr) | 1994-05-25 |
EP0598695B1 true EP0598695B1 (fr) | 1998-01-28 |
Family
ID=3886517
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19930870214 Expired - Lifetime EP0598695B1 (fr) | 1992-11-16 | 1993-11-10 | Système de coffrage pour la construction d'habitations |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0598695B1 (fr) |
BE (1) | BE1006340A3 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69316716T2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20220064968A1 (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2022-03-03 | Apache Industrial Services, Inc. | Scissor Action Stripping Corner |
CN114775816B (zh) * | 2022-05-10 | 2024-06-25 | 浙江省一建建设集团有限公司 | 一种翻边一次浇筑成型支模的施工方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL6702375A (fr) * | 1967-02-17 | 1968-08-19 | ||
FR2240642A5 (en) * | 1973-08-06 | 1975-03-07 | Budapesti Muszaki Egyetem Beto | Modular building component system - uses porous plates as lost shuttering for concrete |
FR2310454A1 (fr) * | 1975-05-05 | 1976-12-03 | Jarrige Henri | Noyau retractable pour le moulage des parois d'une cellule d'habitation en beton ou analogue |
BG23127A1 (en) * | 1976-04-28 | 1979-12-12 | Penev | Combinated building system, method and apparatus for its realising |
FR2422009A1 (fr) * | 1978-04-07 | 1979-11-02 | Schoenwald Ag | Caisson pour coffrages utilises dans le batiment |
-
1992
- 1992-11-16 BE BE9200990A patent/BE1006340A3/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-11-10 EP EP19930870214 patent/EP0598695B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-10 DE DE1993616716 patent/DE69316716T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69316716T2 (de) | 1998-08-20 |
DE69316716D1 (de) | 1998-03-05 |
EP0598695A1 (fr) | 1994-05-25 |
BE1006340A3 (fr) | 1994-07-26 |
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