EP0594513B1 - Process for making a ski - Google Patents
Process for making a ski Download PDFInfo
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- EP0594513B1 EP0594513B1 EP93420378A EP93420378A EP0594513B1 EP 0594513 B1 EP0594513 B1 EP 0594513B1 EP 93420378 A EP93420378 A EP 93420378A EP 93420378 A EP93420378 A EP 93420378A EP 0594513 B1 EP0594513 B1 EP 0594513B1
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- Prior art keywords
- machining
- sole
- edges
- unit
- running
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C5/00—Skis or snowboards
- A63C5/04—Structure of the surface thereof
- A63C5/056—Materials for the running sole
Definitions
- the invention relates to a new process for the manufacture and production of skis, in particular alpine skis.
- One of the methods allowing the production of such skis consists in assembling, in particular by gluing, two sub-assemblies, respectively a first sub-assembly consisting of the gliding sole, the edges, and at least one reinforcing element, and a second sub-assembly constituted by the upper part of the ski, namely in particular a rigid shell in shape, corresponding to the external shape of the ski, possibly coated with a decoration and comprising inside the central core.
- This bonding is carried out by any known means, either by means of a thermoplastic film as for example described in the document FR-A-2 663 237, or by means of traditional adhesive for this type of application, or by expansion in situ of the resin constituting the central core (see for example FR-A-2 654 644).
- skis are subjected to a drive ensuring besides the effective progression of the skis at their level, also the application of pressure in the direction of said tools in order to allow a effective action of these.
- This training is typically carried out by means of a roller, generally coated with rubber, and applying a relatively high pressure on the top of the ski.
- skis have an upper face with a complex profile and in any case not planar, either because it has hollows, bumps, or else successive plates, even grooves or asymmetries, so that 'There is no longer a stable and constant reference surface capable of serving as a bearing surface for said roller. In this way, these differences in relief are reflected at the level of the sole, generating undulations and therefore altering the sliding properties of the ski, regardless of the number of passes at the grinding or sanding stations.
- skis are very often pre-decorated, which implies that the machining operations of the lower surface being carried out practically at the end of the manufacturing process, a defect in crippling machining of this lower surface causes the destruction of the entire ski, thereby increasing the importance of the loss.
- this machining phase carried out on a substantially finished ski is not satisfactory in the context of the industrialization and automation of the manufacture of skis.
- the lower surface of an alpine ski always consists of a sole made of plastic material bordered by metal edges. This juxtaposition of materials, one hard and the other soft, makes machining by sanding or grinding very delicate because the composition of the abrasive products cannot be ideal simultaneously for each of these two materials: it can only be d '' a compromise, to the detriment of the general quality of finish of this underside, which we know the fundamental role in the context of sliding.
- the object of the invention is to overcome these various drawbacks by proposing a method of making skis that reconciles both greater ease of automation and machining of the sole and the edges carried out under optimum conditions.
- This method for producing a ski consisting in assembling by any known means in a shaped mold, at least two sets, respectively a first set, called the sole assembly, consisting of the gliding sole, edges and at least one mechanical reinforcement element, and a second assembly constituted by a rigid shell in shape, defining with the first assembly a space intended to receive a central core is characterized in that prior to the assembly step, the underside of the first assembly undergoes functional machining.
- the invention no longer consists in machining in particular the sole on a finished ski, but in carrying out this phase on a sole assembly, which is rigid and flat, and which also makes it possible automate this machining phase much more easily.
- This functional machining consists first of all of deburring and cleaning, in particular lateral of the edges, for example by scraping, in order to use this lateral face of the edges as a reference face for the subsequent machining phases; then, this first step is followed by the grinding of the sole itself and / or the base of the edge.
- the grinding of the sole can advantageously be preceded by one or more sanding steps by means of an abrasive belt, the number of grinding and / or sanding passes being a function of the desired degree of finish.
- this machining can be carried out continuously, using a loader containing the said first sole assemblies in the form of stacks, the said assemblies being flat, of constant thickness and the periphery of which corresponds to the dimension line of the ski.
- the tip and the heel are bent.
- this bending operation is carried out after the chamfering of the edge edges at the areas intended to be bent.
- Figure 1 is a sectional view of a ski being bonded in a mold after the machining phase according to the invention.
- Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of a detail of the sole assembly.
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the setback operation of the base of the edges.
- Figure 4 is a partial schematic representation of the sole assembly after the operation of Figure 3 and in an advantageous form with respect thereto.
- Figure 5 is a schematic view of part of the machining line of the sole assembly, of which Figure 6 is a top view.
- the ski is made by bonding two sets, namely a first set called “sole assembly” (1), and a second set called “shell assembly” (2).
- the sole assembly (1) is in known manner constituted by a sliding sole (3), typically made of polyethylene, metal lateral edges (4), extending over a large part of the length of the ski, and an element mechanical reinforcement (5), typically consisting of a textile sheet pre-impregnated with a thermosetting resin, namely in particular epoxy.
- the sole assembly (1) may also include additional reinforcing elements, such as for example a blade made of a metal alloy (ZICRAL - registered trademark), or other textile plies.
- the shell assembly (2) comprises a rigid shell (7) in shape, for example made of a prepolymerized textile sheet, covered with a film supporting the decoration, and integrating inside the core (8), consisting of all traditional material, including polyurethane, wood, etc .
- these two assemblies (1) and (2) are assembled together in a mold, also in shape, a film of thermosetting adhesive or of hot-melt plastic or of thermoplastic elastomer (6) being previously placed between the two sets (1) and (2).
- the sole assembly (1) undergoes after its completion, a machining phase.
- the various assemblies (1) produced are stored in a stack in a charger (10), said assemblies (1) having a section of constant thickness, are therefore planar, and have an outer periphery corresponding to the dimension line.
- skiing namely in particular a reduced width at the level of the skate, which widens towards the heel and the tip.
- This type of loader of a type known per se, makes it possible to feed the assemblies (1) one by one on a conveyor intended for conveying said assemblies at the level of the different machining stations (13, 15).
- each assembly (1) is driven by means of a roller with horizontal axis (12), typically coated with rubber, and also ensuring the progression of the assembly at the level of said station.
- machining also the exercise of significant pressure, in order to allow effective action of the machining tool. It is possible on such a machining line to machine several assemblies side by side, as has been shown in FIG. 6.
- This machining consists first of all (although not shown in FIGS. 5 and 6) of proceeding to the lateral cleaning of the edges by scraping, an operation necessary to remove the burrs or drips resulting from the creep and then from the baking of the impregnation resin of the reinforcing element (5). Furthermore, it thus allows to have a reference face, particularly useful during the localized machining of the edges, as described later.
- this particular machining of the edges consists of grinding or grinding the base (9) of the edges (4), according to a machining width L slightly greater than the effective width of the bead of said edge.
- This grinding is traditionally carried out by means of a steel grinding wheel (20) or a diamond disc, thus making it possible to obtain a slight offset s from the base (9) of the edge, typically four hundredths of a millimeter, clean to favor the driving of the ski, since it makes it possible to reduce the errors of potential edges.
- this setback s can form a small angle ⁇ relative to the plane of the sole, as shown in FIG. 4.
- the precision of the dimension s for indenting the edge is guaranteed by the fact that the surface (22) is a clean reference bearing surface.
- this surface can be sanded in the first operation.
- the machining width L is ensured by the lateral copying of the edge shown diagrammatically by the arrow (21) in FIG. 3.
- a sanding phase is carried out, intended to eliminate any defect in the longitudinal flatness of the sole.
- This sanding is traditionally carried out by means of an abrasive band (13) driven in translation in the same direction as the main dimension of the sole assembly (1), and this between two deflection rollers (16), and the operational area comprises a flat pad (14) also directed in this direction, at which the sole assembly (1) is driven under pressure.
- this sanding phase can be replaced directly by a grinding phase.
- the bending of the tip and the heel is then carried out, bending generally carried out by means of a roller bender, capable of giving shape memory to the metal edges.
- a roller bender capable of giving shape memory to the metal edges.
- the edges of the edges are chamfered at the level of the tips and the heel, in order to give ease to the ski, in particular when driving in a turn.
- This process is also particularly suitable, when the bonding of the two assemblies, sole and shell respectively, is ensured by the expansion of a polyurethane foam, acting in particular as a core.
- a polyurethane foam acting in particular as a core.
- the constituents of the foam are injected into the space formed between them.
- the polymerization of the latter gives it adhesion properties, thus capable of firmly and irreversibly joining the sole assembly to the shell assembly.
- the central core (8) consists of an independent element.
- a heating phase capable of inducing beforehand to the polymerization of the prepreg resin of said core, its creep, so as to come to wet the two assemblies.
- a resin in particular an epoxy, develops adhesion properties during its polymerization. This then leads, as in the previous case, to a firm and irreversible connection of the two assemblies, sole and shell respectively.
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Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne un procédé nouveau pour la fabrication et la réalisation de skis, notamment de skis alpins.The invention relates to a new process for the manufacture and production of skis, in particular alpine skis.
L'un des procédés permettant la réalisation de tels skis consiste à assembler, notamment par collage, deux sous-ensembles, respectivement un premier sous-ensemble constitué par la semelle de glisse, les carres, et au moins un élément de renfort, et un second sous-ensemble constitué par la partie supérieure du ski, à savoir notamment une coque rigide en forme, correspondant à la forme extérieure du ski, éventuellement revêtue d'un décor et comportant à l'intérieur le noyau central. Ce collage s'effectue par tout moyen connu, soit au moyen d'un film thermoplastique tel que par exemple décrit dans le document FR-A-2 663 237, soit au moyen de colle traditionnelle pour ce type d'application, soit par l'expansion in situ de la résine constituant le noyau central (voir par exemple FR-A-2 654 644).One of the methods allowing the production of such skis consists in assembling, in particular by gluing, two sub-assemblies, respectively a first sub-assembly consisting of the gliding sole, the edges, and at least one reinforcing element, and a second sub-assembly constituted by the upper part of the ski, namely in particular a rigid shell in shape, corresponding to the external shape of the ski, possibly coated with a decoration and comprising inside the central core. This bonding is carried out by any known means, either by means of a thermoplastic film as for example described in the document FR-A-2 663 237, or by means of traditional adhesive for this type of application, or by expansion in situ of the resin constituting the central core (see for example FR-A-2 654 644).
Quel que soit le procédé de fabrication du ski, une fois celui-ci réalisé, il convient de procéder à un certain nombre d'étapes de finition, parmi lesquelles l'usinage de sa face inférieure. Pour ce faire, les skis sont acheminés au niveau de différents postes d'usinage. D'ores et déjà, du fait de la forme même du ski, à savoir, de par la présence de formes cintrées au niveau de la spatule et du talon, ceux-ci sont difficilement empilables et chargeables en automatique dans chaque poste d'usinage, cette opération requérant ainsi, soit une personne, soit un automate d'alimentation.Whatever the ski manufacturing process, once it is made, it is necessary to carry out a certain number of finishing steps, among which the machining of its underside. To do this, the skis are routed to different machining stations. Already, due to the very shape of the ski, namely, by the presence of curved shapes at the tip and the heel, these are difficult to stack and load automatically in each machining station , this operation thus requiring either a person or an automatic feeder.
En outre, lors des différents postes de meulage ou de ponçage de la semelle, les skis sont soumis à un entraînement assurant outre la progression effective des skis à leur niveau, également l'application d'une pression en direction desdits outils afin de permettre une action efficace de ceux-ci. Cet entrainement s'effectue typiquement au moyen d'un galet, généralement enrobé de caoutchouc, et appliquant une pression relativement importante sur le dessus du ski. Or, de plus en plus souvent, les skis présentent une face supérieure à profil complexe et en tout cas non plan, soit qu'il présente des creux, bosses, soit encore des plateaux successifs, voire des cannelures ou des dissymétries, de sorte qu'il n'existe plus de surface de référence stable et constante susceptible de servir de surface d'appui pour ledit galet. De la sorte, ces différences de relief se répercutent au niveau de la semelle, générant des ondulations et partant, altérant les propriétés de glisse du ski, et ce quel que soit le nombre de passages au niveau des postes de meulage ou de ponçage.In addition, during the various grinding or sanding stations of the sole, the skis are subjected to a drive ensuring besides the effective progression of the skis at their level, also the application of pressure in the direction of said tools in order to allow a effective action of these. This training is typically carried out by means of a roller, generally coated with rubber, and applying a relatively high pressure on the top of the ski. Now, more and more often, skis have an upper face with a complex profile and in any case not planar, either because it has hollows, bumps, or else successive plates, even grooves or asymmetries, so that 'There is no longer a stable and constant reference surface capable of serving as a bearing surface for said roller. In this way, these differences in relief are reflected at the level of the sole, generating undulations and therefore altering the sliding properties of the ski, regardless of the number of passes at the grinding or sanding stations.
En outre, du fait même des matériaux utilisés pour la fabrication du ski, celui-ci présente une élasticité tant en torsion qu'en flexion. Compte tenu de la haute pression exercée sur le galet d'entrainement, on observe sous la portée centrale dudit galet d'entraînement, une déformation du ski générant un défaut de planéïté, altérant les propriétés de glisse de la semelle, ainsi que la maniabilité du ski et la facilité de déclenchement des virages.In addition, by the very fact of the materials used for the manufacture of the ski, it has elasticity both in torsion and in bending. Given the high pressure exerted on the drive roller, under the central reach of said drive roller, there is a deformation of the ski generating a flatness defect, altering the sliding properties of the sole, as well as the handling of the skiing and ease of initiating turns.
Il est de plus à souligner, qu'avec les technologies modernes, les skis sont très souvent pré-décorés, ce qui implique que les opérations d'usinage de la surface inférieure étant réalisées pratiquement en fin de processus de fabrication, un défaut d'usinage rédhibitoire de cette surface inférieure entraine la destruction de l'ensemble du ski, augmentant de fait l'importance de la perte.It should also be emphasized that with modern technologies, skis are very often pre-decorated, which implies that the machining operations of the lower surface being carried out practically at the end of the manufacturing process, a defect in crippling machining of this lower surface causes the destruction of the entire ski, thereby increasing the importance of the loss.
Enfin, cette opération d'usinage s'effectuant sur des skis pratiquement finis, il n'est pas rare d'observer une détérioration locale du décor, soit lors des manipulations, soit encore du fait du galet entraîneur. Cette altération du décor peut être telle qu'elle rende également le ski rédhibitoire pour la vente.Finally, this machining operation being carried out on virtually finished skis, it is not uncommon to observe a local deterioration of the decor, either during handling, or again due to the driving roller. This alteration of the decor may be such that it also makes the ski prohibitive for sale.
En d'autres termes, cette phase d'usinage effectuée sur un ski pratiquement fini n'est pas satisfaisante dans le cadre de l'industrialisation et de l'automatisation de la fabrication de skis.In other words, this machining phase carried out on a substantially finished ski is not satisfactory in the context of the industrialization and automation of the manufacture of skis.
Il est à noter que la surface inférieure d'un ski alpin est toujours constituée d'une semelle réalisée en matière plastique bordée de carres métalliques. Cette juxtaposition de matériaux, l'un dur et l'autre tendre, rend les usinages par ponçage ou meulage très délicats car la composition des produits abrasifs ne peut être idéale simultanément pour chacun de ces deux matériaux : il ne peut s'agir que d'un compromis, au détriment de la qualité générale de finition de cette face inférieure, dont on connait le rôle fondamentale dans le cadre de la glisse.It should be noted that the lower surface of an alpine ski always consists of a sole made of plastic material bordered by metal edges. This juxtaposition of materials, one hard and the other soft, makes machining by sanding or grinding very delicate because the composition of the abrasive products cannot be ideal simultaneously for each of these two materials: it can only be d '' a compromise, to the detriment of the general quality of finish of this underside, which we know the fundamental role in the context of sliding.
L'objet de l'invention consiste à s'affranchir de ces différents inconvénients en proposant un procédé de réalisation de skis conciliant à la fois une plus grande facilité d'automatisation et un usinage de la semelle et des carres réalisé dans des conditions optimum.The object of the invention is to overcome these various drawbacks by proposing a method of making skis that reconciles both greater ease of automation and machining of the sole and the edges carried out under optimum conditions.
Ce procédé pour la réalisation d'un ski, consistant à assembler par tout moyen connu dans un moule en forme, au moins deux ensembles, respectivement un premier ensemble, dit ensemble semelle, constitué par la semelle de glisse, des carres et au moins un élément de renfort mécanique, et un second ensemble constitué par une coque rigide en forme, définissant avec le premier ensemble un espace destiné à recevoir un noyau central se caractérise en ce que préalablement à l'étape d'assemblage, la face inférieure du premier ensemble subit un usinage fonctionnel.This method for producing a ski, consisting in assembling by any known means in a shaped mold, at least two sets, respectively a first set, called the sole assembly, consisting of the gliding sole, edges and at least one mechanical reinforcement element, and a second assembly constituted by a rigid shell in shape, defining with the first assembly a space intended to receive a central core is characterized in that prior to the assembly step, the underside of the first assembly undergoes functional machining.
En d'autres termes, l'invention consiste non plus à procéder à l'usinage notamment de la semelle sur un ski fini, mais à procéder à cette phase sur un ensemble semelle, qui est rigide et plan, et, qui permet en outre d'automatiser de manière beaucoup plus aisée cette phase d'usinage.In other words, the invention no longer consists in machining in particular the sole on a finished ski, but in carrying out this phase on a sole assembly, which is rigid and flat, and which also makes it possible automate this machining phase much more easily.
Par "usinage fonctionnel", on entend les phases nécessaires à l'obtention de la géométrie de surface voulue pour l'ensemble semelle et carres, ainsi que celles nécessaires à l'obtention d'une rugosité adaptée pour ce même ensemble.By "functional machining" is meant the phases necessary for obtaining the desired surface geometry for the sole and edge assembly, as well as those necessary for obtaining a suitable roughness for this same assembly.
Cet usinage fonctionnel consiste tout d'abord à l'ébarbage et au nettoyage, notamment latéral des carres, par exemple par raclage, afin d'utiliser cette face latérale des carres comme face de référence pour les phases ultérieures d'usinage ; puis, cette première étape est suivie du meulage de la semelle proprement dite et/ou de la base de la carre.This functional machining consists first of all of deburring and cleaning, in particular lateral of the edges, for example by scraping, in order to use this lateral face of the edges as a reference face for the subsequent machining phases; then, this first step is followed by the grinding of the sole itself and / or the base of the edge.
Le meulage de la semelle peut avantageusement être précédé d'une ou de plusieurs étapes de ponçage au moyen d'une bande abrasive, le nombre de passes de meulage et/ou de ponçage étant fonction du degré de finition voulu.The grinding of the sole can advantageously be preceded by one or more sanding steps by means of an abrasive belt, the number of grinding and / or sanding passes being a function of the desired degree of finish.
On peut avantageusement procéder à cet usinage en continu, en utilisant un chargeur contenant lesdits premiers ensembles semelle sous forme de piles, lesdits ensembles étant plan, d'épaisseur constante et dont le pourtour correspond à la ligne de cote du ski.Advantageously, this machining can be carried out continuously, using a loader containing the said first sole assemblies in the form of stacks, the said assemblies being flat, of constant thickness and the periphery of which corresponds to the dimension line of the ski.
Avantageusement, préalablement à l'usinage de l'ensemble semelle proprement dit, il est procédé à un usinage localisé de la base des carres, par exemple à l'aide d'une rectifieuse à disque diamanté, de telle sorte à diminuer la hauteur de chacune des carres, la base desdites carres étant ainsi située légèrement en retrait par rapport au plan défini par la face inférieure de la semelle.Advantageously, prior to the machining of the sole assembly proper, there is a localized machining of the base of the edges, for example using a diamond disc grinding machine, so as to reduce the height of each of the edges, the base of said edges thus being slightly set back relative to the plane defined by the underside of the sole.
Selon l'invention, à l'issue de l'usinage, il est procédé au cintrage de la spatule et du talon. Avantageusement, cette opération de cintrage est effectuée postérieurement au chanfreinage des arêtes de carres au niveau des zones destinées à être cintrées.According to the invention, after machining, the tip and the heel are bent. Advantageously, this bending operation is carried out after the chamfering of the edge edges at the areas intended to be bent.
La manière dont l'invention peut être réalisée et les avantages qui en découlent ressortiront mieux de l'exemple de réalisation qui suit, donné à titre indicatif et non limitatif à l'appui des figures annexées.The manner in which the invention can be implemented and the advantages which result therefrom will emerge more clearly from the example of embodiment which follows, given by way of nonlimiting indication in support of the appended figures.
La figure 1 est une vue en section d'un ski en cours de collage dans un moule postérieurement à la phase d'usinage conforme à l'invention.Figure 1 is a sectional view of a ski being bonded in a mold after the machining phase according to the invention.
La figure 2 est une vue partielle en section d'un détail de l'ensemble semelle.Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of a detail of the sole assembly.
La figure 3 est une représentation schématique de l'opération de mise en retrait de la base des carres.Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the setback operation of the base of the edges.
La figure 4 est une représentation schématique partielle de l'ensemble semelle après l'opération de la figure 3 et selon une forme avantageuse par rapport à celle-ci.Figure 4 is a partial schematic representation of the sole assembly after the operation of Figure 3 and in an advantageous form with respect thereto.
La figure 5 est une vue schématique d'une partie de la ligne d'usinage de l'ensemble semelle, dont la figure 6 est une vue du dessus.Figure 5 is a schematic view of part of the machining line of the sole assembly, of which Figure 6 is a top view.
Le ski est réalisé par collage de deux ensembles, à savoir un premier ensemble dit "ensemble semelle" (1), et un second ensemble dit "ensemble coque" (2). L'ensemble semelle (1) est de manière connue constitué par une semelle de glisse (3), typiquement réalisée en polyéthylène, des carres latérales métalliques (4), s'étendant sur une grande partie de la longueur du ski, et un élément de renfort mécanique (5), typiquement constitué par une nappe textile pré-imprégnée d'une résine thermodurcissable, à savoir notamment epoxyde. En outre, l'ensemble semelle (1) peut également comporter des éléments supplémentaires de renfort, tel que par exemple une lame réalisée en un alliage métallique (ZICRAL - marque déposée), ou d'autres nappes textiles.The ski is made by bonding two sets, namely a first set called "sole assembly" (1), and a second set called "shell assembly" (2). The sole assembly (1) is in known manner constituted by a sliding sole (3), typically made of polyethylene, metal lateral edges (4), extending over a large part of the length of the ski, and an element mechanical reinforcement (5), typically consisting of a textile sheet pre-impregnated with a thermosetting resin, namely in particular epoxy. In addition, the sole assembly (1) may also include additional reinforcing elements, such as for example a blade made of a metal alloy (ZICRAL - registered trademark), or other textile plies.
L'ensemble coque (2) comprend une coque (7) rigide en forme, par exemple réalisée en une nappe textile prépolymérisée, recouverte d'un film supportant le décor, et intégrant à l'intérieur le noyau (8), constitué par tout matériau traditionnel, et notamment polyuréthanne, bois, etc.....The shell assembly (2) comprises a rigid shell (7) in shape, for example made of a prepolymerized textile sheet, covered with a film supporting the decoration, and integrating inside the core (8), consisting of all traditional material, including polyurethane, wood, etc .....
Selon la figure 1, ces deux ensembles (1) et (2) sont assemblés entre eux dans un moule, également en forme, un film de colle thermodurcissable ou de plastique thermofusible ou en élastomère thermoplastique (6) étant préalablement mis en place entre les deux ensembles (1) et (2).According to FIG. 1, these two assemblies (1) and (2) are assembled together in a mold, also in shape, a film of thermosetting adhesive or of hot-melt plastic or of thermoplastic elastomer (6) being previously placed between the two sets (1) and (2).
Selon la figure 5, préalablement à ce collage, et conformément à l'invention, l'ensemble semelle (1) subit après sa réalisation, une phase d'usinage. Pour ce faire, les différents ensembles (1) réalisés sont stockés en pile dans un chargeur (10), lesdits ensembles (1) ayant une section d'épaisseur constante,sont donc plans, et présentent un pourtour extérieur correspondant à la ligne de cotes du ski, à savoir notamment une largeur réduite au niveau du patin, qui s'évase en direction du talon et de la spatule. Ce type de chargeur, d'un type en soi connu, permet d'alimenter un à un les ensembles (1) sur un convoyeur destiné à acheminer lesdits ensembles au niveau des différents postes d'usinage (13,15). Au niveau de chacun des postes d'usinage, chaque ensemble (1) est entraîné au moyen d'un galet à axe horizontal (12), typiquement enrobé de caoutchouc, et assurant outre la progression de l'ensemble au niveau dudit poste d'usinage, également l'exercice d'une pression importante, afin de permettre une action efficace de l'outil d'usinage. Il est possible sur une telle ligne d'usinage, d'usiner plusieurs ensembles côte à côte, ainsi que cela a été représenté sur la figure 6.According to Figure 5, prior to this bonding, and in accordance with the invention, the sole assembly (1) undergoes after its completion, a machining phase. To do this, the various assemblies (1) produced are stored in a stack in a charger (10), said assemblies (1) having a section of constant thickness, are therefore planar, and have an outer periphery corresponding to the dimension line. skiing, namely in particular a reduced width at the level of the skate, which widens towards the heel and the tip. This type of loader, of a type known per se, makes it possible to feed the assemblies (1) one by one on a conveyor intended for conveying said assemblies at the level of the different machining stations (13, 15). At each of the machining stations, each assembly (1) is driven by means of a roller with horizontal axis (12), typically coated with rubber, and also ensuring the progression of the assembly at the level of said station. machining, also the exercise of significant pressure, in order to allow effective action of the machining tool. It is possible on such a machining line to machine several assemblies side by side, as has been shown in FIG. 6.
Cet usinage consiste tout d'abord (bien que non représenté sur les figures 5 et 6) à procéder au nettoyage latéral des carres par raclage, opération nécessaire pour supprimer les bavures ou coulures résultant du fluage puis de la cuisson de la résine d'imprégnation de l'élément de renfort (5). En outre, il permet ainsi de disposer d'une face de référence, particulièrement utile lors de l'usinage localisé des carres, comme décrit ultérieurement.This machining consists first of all (although not shown in FIGS. 5 and 6) of proceeding to the lateral cleaning of the edges by scraping, an operation necessary to remove the burrs or drips resulting from the creep and then from the baking of the impregnation resin of the reinforcing element (5). Furthermore, it thus allows to have a reference face, particularly useful during the localized machining of the edges, as described later.
Selon les figures 2, 3 et 4, cet usinage particulier des carres consiste à meuler ou à rectifier la base (9) des carres (4), selon une largeur d'usinage L légèrement supérieure à la largeur effective du cordon de ladite carre. Ce meulage s'effectue traditionnellement au moyen d'une meule pour acier (20) ou d'un disque diamanté, permettant ainsi d'obtenir un léger décrochement s de la base (9) de la carre, typiquement quatre centièmes de millimètre, propre à favoriser la conduite du ski, puisqu'il permet de diminuer les fautes de carres potentiels. En outre, ce décrochement s peut former un angle α faible par rapport au plan de la semelle, tel que cela a été représenté sur la figure 4. La précision de la cote s de mise en retrait de la carre est garantie par le fait que la surface (22) est une surface d'appui de référence propre. Pour garantir le bon aspect de cette surface et pour favoriser l'adhérence de celle-ci au cours de l'opération de collage finale, cette surface peut être poncée en première opération. La largeur d'usinage L est assurée de par le copiage latéral de la carre schématisée par la flèche (21) sur la figure 3.According to Figures 2, 3 and 4, this particular machining of the edges consists of grinding or grinding the base (9) of the edges (4), according to a machining width L slightly greater than the effective width of the bead of said edge. This grinding is traditionally carried out by means of a steel grinding wheel (20) or a diamond disc, thus making it possible to obtain a slight offset s from the base (9) of the edge, typically four hundredths of a millimeter, clean to favor the driving of the ski, since it makes it possible to reduce the errors of potential edges. In addition, this setback s can form a small angle α relative to the plane of the sole, as shown in FIG. 4. The precision of the dimension s for indenting the edge is guaranteed by the fact that the surface (22) is a clean reference bearing surface. To guarantee the good appearance of this surface and to promote its adhesion during the final bonding operation, this surface can be sanded in the first operation. The machining width L is ensured by the lateral copying of the edge shown diagrammatically by the arrow (21) in FIG. 3.
Consécutivement à cet usinage des carres, on procède à une phase de ponçage, destinée à éliminer tout défaut de planéïté longitudinal de la semelle. Ce ponçage s'effectue traditionnellement au moyen d'une bande abrasive (13) entraînée en translation selon la même direction que la dimension principale de l'ensemble semelle (1), et ce entre deux rouleaux de renvoi (16), et dont la zone opérationnelle comporte un patin plan (14) également dirigé selon cette direction, au niveau duquel l'ensemble semelle (1) est entrainé en pression. Avantageusement, compte tenu du décrochement s préalablement effectué sur le cordon de chacune des carres (4), cette phase de ponçage peut être remplacée directement par une phase de meulage.Following this machining of the edges, a sanding phase is carried out, intended to eliminate any defect in the longitudinal flatness of the sole. This sanding is traditionally carried out by means of an abrasive band (13) driven in translation in the same direction as the main dimension of the sole assembly (1), and this between two deflection rollers (16), and the operational area comprises a flat pad (14) also directed in this direction, at which the sole assembly (1) is driven under pressure. Advantageously, taking into account the detachment s previously carried out on the cord of each of the edges (4), this sanding phase can be replaced directly by a grinding phase.
On procède ensuite au meulage de la semelle proprement dit, au moyen d'une meule plus spécialement adaptée au polyéthylène, et ce notamment, afin d'obtenir une planéïté sur toute la largeur de ladite semelle. Le nombre de meulages ou de ponçages est fonction du degré de finition souhaité. Typiquement, ce nombre de passages est compris entre 3 et 12.Then proceed to the grinding of the sole itself, by means of a grinding wheel more specially adapted to polyethylene, and this in particular, in order to obtain a flatness over the entire width of said sole. The number of grindings or sandings depends on the degree of finish desired. Typically, this number of passages is between 3 and 12.
Une fois ces différentes opérations terminées, il est alors procédé au cintrage tant de la spatule que du talon, cintrage généralement réalisé au moyen d'une cintreuse à rouleaux, propre à donner une mémoire de forme aux carres métalliques. Avantageusement, et préalablement à cette opération de cintrage, on procède au chanfreinage des arêtes de carre au niveau des spatules et du talon, afin de donner de la facilité au ski notamment lors de sa conduite en virage.Once these various operations have been completed, the bending of the tip and the heel is then carried out, bending generally carried out by means of a roller bender, capable of giving shape memory to the metal edges. Advantageously, and prior to this bending operation, the edges of the edges are chamfered at the level of the tips and the heel, in order to give ease to the ski, in particular when driving in a turn.
On procède alors, lesdits ensembles semelle étant prêts, à la réalisation proprement dite du ski par collage avec les ensembles coque correspondant, en positionnant dans un moule l'ensemble semelle, puis en revêtant la face supérieure de cet ensemble semelle d'un film en élastomère thermoplastique (6), dont les propriétés de collage sont susceptibles d'être révélées à chaud, et enfin, en positionnant sur ce film l'ensemble coque. Le positionnement respectif des deux ensembles, respectivement semelle et coque, est assuré dans le moule par tout moyen connu.We then proceed, said sole assemblies being ready, for the actual production of the ski by bonding with the corresponding shell assemblies, by positioning the sole assembly in a mold, then by coating the upper face of this sole assembly with a film of thermoplastic elastomer (6), the bonding properties of which may be revealed when hot, and finally, by positioning the shell assembly on this film. The respective positioning of the two assemblies, sole and shell respectively, is ensured in the mold by any known means.
Ce procédé est également tout particulièrement adapté, lorsque le collage des deux ensembles, respectivement semelle et coque est assuré par l'expansion d'une mousse de polyuréthanne, faisant notamment office de noyau. Dans ce cas, après mise en place des dits ensembles et fermeture du moule, on injecte dans l'espace ménagé entre eux les constituants de la mousse. De manière connue, la polymérisation de celle-ci lui confère des propriétés d'adhérence, susceptible ainsi de solidariser fermement et irreversiblement l'ensemble semelle à l'ensemble coque.This process is also particularly suitable, when the bonding of the two assemblies, sole and shell respectively, is ensured by the expansion of a polyurethane foam, acting in particular as a core. In this case, after putting said assemblies in place and closing the mold, the constituents of the foam are injected into the space formed between them. In known manner, the polymerization of the latter gives it adhesion properties, thus capable of firmly and irreversibly joining the sole assembly to the shell assembly.
Dans une autre variante, le noyau central (8) est constitué par un élément indépendant. Lorsque les deux ensembles, respectivement semelle (1) et coque (2) sont mis en place, ainsi que ledit noyau pré-encollé, et après fermeture du moule, celui-ci est soumis à une phase de chauffage, susceptible d'induire préalablement à la polymérisation de la résine de pré-imprégnation dudit noyau, son fluage, de telle sorte à venir mouiller les deux ensembles. De manière connue, une telle résine, notamment époxyde, développe des propriétés d'adhérence lors de sa polymérisation. On aboutit alors, comme dans le cas précédent, à une solidarisation ferme et irréversible des deux ensembles, respectivement semelle et coque.In another variant, the central core (8) consists of an independent element. When the two assemblies, respectively sole (1) and shell (2) are put in place, as well as said pre-glued core, and after closing the mold, it is subjected to a heating phase, capable of inducing beforehand to the polymerization of the prepreg resin of said core, its creep, so as to come to wet the two assemblies. In known manner, such a resin, in particular an epoxy, develops adhesion properties during its polymerization. This then leads, as in the previous case, to a firm and irreversible connection of the two assemblies, sole and shell respectively.
On observe donc qu'avec le procédé de l'invention, cette opération d'usinage est facilement automatisable, puisque tant le chargement sur le convoyeur, que le stockage provisoire à l'issue dudit convoyeur au niveau duquel s'effectuent les différentes étapes d'usinage, peuvent s'effectuer de manière automatique par des chargeurs conventionnels.We therefore observe that with the method of the invention, this machining operation is easily automated, since both the loading on the conveyor, as the temporary storage at the end of said conveyor at which the various stages of 'machining, can be done automatically by conventional loaders.
En outre, du fait que l'on travaille avec un élément plan, on s'affranchit de tous les inconvénients liés à une surface de référence non plane, et notamment des défauts de planéïté et d'altération de la semelle de glisse, qui peuvent s'avérer rédhibitoires pour le ski fini.In addition, due to the fact that one works with a planar element, one overcomes all the drawbacks linked to a non-planar reference surface, and in particular defects in flatness and alteration of the gliding sole, which can prove to be unacceptable for finished skiing.
Sur le ski obtenu selon l'invention, après l'opération d'assemblage des deux ensembles semelle et coque, une opération d'usinage latéral des carres peut s'avérer nécessaire, afin d'éliminer les bavures latérales de colle ou de polyuréthanne. En revanche, il n'a pas à être repris en usinage fonctionnel proprement dit de la base de la semelle, seule une opération succinte de nettoyage final pouvant être envisagée, notamment au moyen d'une bande lustreuse de type SCOTCH-BRITE (Marque déposée).On the ski obtained according to the invention, after the assembly operation of the two sole and shell assemblies, an operation of lateral machining of the edges may prove to be necessary, in order to eliminate the lateral burrs of glue or polyurethane. However, it does not have to be taken up in actual functional machining of the base of the sole, only a brief operation of final cleaning which can be envisaged, in particular by means of a polishing strip of the SCOTCH-BRITE type (registered trademark ).
Claims (9)
- Method for producing a ski, consisting in assembling at least two units in a shaped mould, respectively a first unit (1) called the running-sole unit, consisting of the running sole (3), the edges (4) and at least one mechanical reinforcement element (5), and a second unit (2) consisting of a shaped rigid shell (7), defining with the first unit (1) a space intended to receive a central core (8), characterized in that, prior to the assembly step, the base of the said first unit (1) undergoes functional machining.
- Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the functional machining of the running-sole unit (1) consists:- in first burring and cleaning the lateral faces of the edges (4);- in then grinding the running sole (3).
- Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the grinding of the running-sole unit (1) is carried out after at least one sanding step.
- Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the number of grinding and sanding steps is a function of the desired level of finish.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, prior to machining the running-sole unit (1) proper, localized machining of the base of the edges (4) is carried out so as to decrease the height of the bead of each of the edges, the base (9) of the said edges being thus located slightly set back with respect to the plane defined by the base of the running sole (3).
- Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the base (9) of the said edges (4) furthermore undergoes additional machining, so as to have an inclination α with respect to the plane of the running sole.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the machining phase is carried out continuously, the units (1) being in the form of plane elements of constant thickness, the perimeter of which corresponds to the dimension line of the ski and which are positioned consecutively by means of an automatic loader on a conveyor intended to convey the said units to the various machining stations.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, after machining, bending of the ends of the unit (1), which are intended to become the tip and the heel, is carried out.
- Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that, prior to the bending operation, the ridges of the edges (4) of the said ends which are to be bent are chamfered.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9212983 | 1992-10-23 | ||
| FR9212983A FR2697169B1 (en) | 1992-10-23 | 1992-10-23 | Method for manufacturing a ski. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0594513A1 EP0594513A1 (en) | 1994-04-27 |
| EP0594513B1 true EP0594513B1 (en) | 1995-11-22 |
Family
ID=9435006
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93420378A Expired - Lifetime EP0594513B1 (en) | 1992-10-23 | 1993-09-21 | Process for making a ski |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0594513B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE130524T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69300862T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2697169B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9211708D0 (en) † | 1992-06-03 | 1992-07-15 | Unilever Plc | Cosmetic composition |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2624028B1 (en) * | 1987-12-04 | 1992-09-11 | Rossignol Sa | PROCESS FOR IMPROVING THE SLIDING PROPERTIES OF A HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE SKI PAD, AND OF VERY HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT |
| AT394679B (en) * | 1990-02-09 | 1992-05-25 | Tce Technical Coatings Enginee | Hard material coating on runners of winter sports equipment |
| FR2658090B1 (en) * | 1990-02-15 | 1992-04-30 | Salomon Sa | PROCESS FOR ASSEMBLING A SKI BY MOLDING, AND SKI STRUCTURE OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS. |
-
1992
- 1992-10-23 FR FR9212983A patent/FR2697169B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-09-21 AT AT93420378T patent/ATE130524T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-21 DE DE69300862T patent/DE69300862T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-09-21 EP EP93420378A patent/EP0594513B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2697169B1 (en) | 1994-11-18 |
| ATE130524T1 (en) | 1995-12-15 |
| DE69300862T2 (en) | 1996-04-18 |
| EP0594513A1 (en) | 1994-04-27 |
| DE69300862D1 (en) | 1996-01-04 |
| FR2697169A1 (en) | 1994-04-29 |
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